精品解析：天津新华中学2025-2026学年度第二学期高三（英语学科）大统练七试题

2025 — 2026 学年度第2学期高三（英语学科）大统练七 2026年5月 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节；单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — Hi, Sally. How’s your history project going? — Not very well, to be honest. ______. A. I’m as cool as a cucumber B. It was against all odds C. It deserves a second chance D. I haven’t lifted a finger yet 2. Proper teaching methods can ______ the best in every student and help them gain confidence. A. bring out B. bring forward C. bring down D. bring back 3. The doctor’s diagnosis was based on ______ evidence rather than guesswork. A. concrete B. consistent C. confidential D. controversial 4. A reporter’s sharp question at the press conference really ______, leaving me at a loss for words. A. pulled my socks up B. had butterflies in my stomach C. put me on the spot D. had a frog in my throat 5. The statement is so _____ worded that different readers may draw entirely opposite conclusions. A. roughly B. steadily C. vaguely D. instantly 6. The senior teacher always goes swimming and does push-ups to stay ________. A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion 7. He made a discovery, ______ of great importance to the whole field of science, ______ puzzled all leading experts. A. which; that B. one; which C. what; / D. it; which 8. ______ you may have realized, you can never gain real progress ______ you step out of your comfort zone. A. As; unless B. Though; until C. As; until D. Since; unless 9. The manager is believed _______ abroad for further study next year. A. to send B. to be sent C. being sent D. to have been sent 10. — How many qualified candidates are left for the position? — ______ at all. All have failed the final interview. A. Nothing B. None C. No one D. Neither 11. Many teenagers tend to ______ temporary pleasure and ignore long-term life goals. A. go in for B. go after C. go through D. go over 12. It is generally acknowledged _______ matters most in facing failure is not complaining, but reflecting on _______ we went wrong. A. that; what B. what that; how C. that what; where D. which; that 13. The new _______ of algorithm (算法) greatly improves the efficiency of data processing. A. innovation B. invention C. creation D. discovery 14. The witness’s account contradicts the official statement, so he _______ have made up the story to gain public sympathy. A. need B. could C. should D. must 15. — Why didn’t you attend the meeting this morning? — But I _______ anything about that. A. didn’t tell B. haven’t been told C. haven’t told D. hadn’t been told 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16 ~ 35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool, watching everyone else swim back and forth, I ____16____ that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves. It was then that I noticed a little girl staring at me with a look of ____17____. I smiled at her, hoping to break the ice by talking to her. Unfortunately, my ____18____ failed and she just kept on staring. My ____19____ increased as a little boy swam up to me and said, “I feel sorry for you.” After the ____20____, a thought ____21____ me—I had to change how the world viewed me. Because it was children who stared at me the most, I decided to write a children’s book that taught them about ____22____ in a fun way. This is when KatGirl, a superhero in a wheelchair who helps children that are being bullied (欺凌), came into my mind. I quickly wheeled inside my apartment and began creating the story. ____23____ I wrote each word, I could ____24____ my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker. My excitement ____25____ like wildfire. Over the next two years, the story ____26____ many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 2011. My perseverance ____27____ paid off. One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school. I wheeled ____28____ into a classroom filled with students who ____29____ at me just like the little girl in the pool. “How do you feel when you see me?” I asked them. The kids bravely ____30____, “I feel sorry for you.” I opened my book and started reading. Immediately I noticed the children’s stares turned to ____31____. “How do you feel when you see me?” I asked again. Without ____32____ they replied, “You are so cool! Does your ____33____ fly too?” I just smiled, “No, not yet, but may be some day.” I knew in my heart that this was ____34____. The past two years had proven to me that with ____35____ anything is possible. 16. A. observed B. appreciated C. delivered D. realized 17. A. confusion B. anticipation C. agreement D. disappointment 18. A. projcet B. insight C. attempt D. anger 19. A. relief B. awkwardness C. sorrow D. encouragement 20. A. consultation B. encounter C. argument D. interview 21. A. struck B. enhanced C. refreshed D. overlooked 22. A. motive B. potential C. compromise D. disabilities 23. A. As B. Although C. Now that D. Even if 24. A. revise B. picture C. boost D. assign 25. A. spread B. recovered C. folded D. declined 26. A. turned down B. got over C. went through D. gave away 27. A. randomly B. ultimately C. instantly D. constantly 28. A. with confidence B. on purpose C. by accident D. in advance 29. A. rushed B. threw C. stared D. laughed 30. A. ignored B. responded C. imitated D. recommended 31. A. efforts B. doubts C. smiles D. tears 32. A. consideration B. ambition C. intention D. hesitation 33. A. body B. dream C. chair D. book 34. A. funny B. strange C. false D. true 35. A. generosity B. resolution C. harmony D. desperation 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Step back in time to experience the golden age of railroading. North America’s railroad museums and tourist lines provide affordable fun for the whole family! Plan your complete vacation with visits to these leading attractions. For information on advertising in this section, call Tom Vorel at 630-248-2299. CALIFORNIA Campo PACIFIC SOUTHWEST RAILWAY MUSEUM 750 Depot Street Located 60 minutes east of San Diego Ride on the San Diego Arizona Railway: the last trans-con link, completed in 1919 and built by sugar-magnate (巨头), John D. Spreckels. Trains depart from the historic 1917 Campo Depot every Saturday and Sunday. Check our website for train’ schedules and tickets. www. psrm.org 619-465-7776 COLORADO Golden COLORADO RAILROAD MUSEUM 17155 W. 44th Avene There is something amazing about trains. The familiar whistle has always promised adventure. Experience it again with a visitor to the Colorado Railroad Museum, one of the top 10 railroad museums in the United States with one of the largest collections of narrow-gauge (轨距) equipment. The 15-acre rail yard also features a roundhouse restoration facility and renowned library. Train rides throughout the year. Group rates-and-programs available. ColoradoRailroadMuseum.org 800-365-6263 PENNSYLVANIA Marysville BRIDGEVIEW BED BREAKFAST 810 S. Main St. Lately, train watching around The Bridgeview B&B has been extremely exciting with motive power from BNSF. UP, KCS, CP, CN, CSX and Ferromex often leading, plus add NS units into the mix. and you have some amazing lashup (应急设备) possibilities! Trains entering or exiting Enola Yard pass right by our front porch. From the spacious decks and sitting room, you can watch the Susquehanna River, Blue Mountains and train action on Rockville Bridge! Plus, visit Hershey, Gettysburg, and PA Dutch Country! Comfortable rooms all with private baths, A/C, Wifi, and a tasty breakfast are included with your stay. Take a virtual tour on our website and check us out on Facebook for daily updates, pictures and guest comments. www. bridgeviewbnb.com 717-957-2438 WISCONSIN Trego WISCONSIN GREAT NORTHERN RAILROAD N6639 Dilly Lake Road America’s Only Moving BED& BREAKFAST DINNER TRAIN The train departs Tuesday through Saturday evening at 5:30 pm year round. The train features a choice of a queen bed in our sleeper deluxe suites or a full size bed in our 1914 Pullman Private Car. Enjoy cocktails in the lounge and then move to the diner for a scrumptious 4-course chef prepared meal from our onboard kitchen. When the train returns to the station view the starlit sky while trading railroad tales with other passengers around our gas fire on the patio. Wake up to a hot breakfast buffet in the diner. See the world famous Mark Twain Zephyr at Trego Depot! www. spoonertrainride.com 715-635-3200 36. This passage is intended for ________. A. advertisers looking to promote vacation packages B. families seeking to learn about US railroad history C. tourists fascinated by trains or railroads in the US D. travelers seeking accommodations along railroads 37. We can learn from the passage that _______. A. a railroad over 100 years old is still in use at present B. the four attractions provide fantastic train ride services C. the B&Bs are convenient for many railroad museums D. Bridgeview B&B offers packaged tours of the country 38. When do the trains depart from the Pacific Southwest Railway Museum? A. Either Saturday or Sunday. B. Every Saturday and Sunday. C. On weekdays. D. On holidays. 39. Which of the following is not special to the Colorado Railroad Museum? A. It offers discounted services for groups. B. It has a roundhouse restoration facility and a renowned library. C. It has a large collection of narrow-gauge equipment. D. It is the only moving dinner train in America. 40. Which of the following statements is true about the Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad? A. The train features a choice of a queen bed. B. The train departs every day at 5:30 pm. C. It is the oldest railroad in the United States. D. It only operates on weekends. B I’ve recently found myself wondering if I could do without Google Maps. It is, I think, the only app on my phone I’d really miss were I to swap my smartphone for a “dumb” one that handles only calls and text messages. Why am I thinking about this? It’s because every time I try to read a book, I end up picking up my phone instead. I keep interrupting my own train of thought in order to do something that I don’t consciously want to do. This is not accidental. Developers have become even more unashamed in their attempts to keep us hooked on our smartphones. Some of them speak in the language of addiction and behavioural psychology, though most prefer the term “persuasive tech”. In itself, persuasive tech is not a new idea — an academic named BJ Fogg has been running classes from a “persuasive tech lab” at Stanford since the late 1990s. But as smartphone ownership has rocketed and social-media sites have been born, persuasive tech has vastly expanded its reach. One company, Dopamine Labs — named for the chemical released in the reward center of the brain — offers a service to tech businesses wanting to “keep users engaged”. Founder Ramsay Brown tells me he wants people to understand that “their thoughts and feelings are on the table as things that can be controlled and designed”. He thinks there should be more conversation around the persuasive power of the technologies being used. “We believe everyone has a right to cognitive liberty, and to build the kind of mind they want to live in,” he says. The poster child of the resistance movement against addictive apps is former Google “design ethicist” Tristan Harris. He thinks the power to change the system lies not with app developers but with the hardware providers. In 2014, Harris founded “Time Well Spent”, a group that campaigns for more moral design practices among developers. Any tech business that relies on advertising profits is motivated to hold its users online for as long as possible, Harris says. This means apps are specifically designed to keep us in them. Apple, on the other hand, wants to sell phones but doesn’t have a profit stream so tightly connected to the amount of time its customers spend online. Harris hopes that companies like Apple could use their influence to encourage more morally designed apps. While I wait for Apple to sort this out, I find myself longing for something called a “Light Phone”, a credit-card-sized handset that does absolutely nothing but make and receive calls. Price tag? $150. Seems expensive. But the company’s website is very persuasive. 41. According to the author, what makes us so glued to our smartphones？ A. People's inborn behaviours. B. App developers’ intention C. User-friendly apps D. Hardware providers 42. Dopamine Labs's founder believes that ____. A. Tech businesses have gone too far in controlling users’ minds B. Persuasive technologies are dangerous to users’ cognitive liberty. C. The persuasive power of the technologies deserves more attention D. Everyone can live the life they desire by using persuasive technologies. 43. Which of the following best explains the underlined words “The poster child” in paragraph 5? A. The advertiser B. The advocate C. The opponent D. The founder 44. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Do we have a right to cognitive liberty? B. What have persuasive tech done to us? C. Why a dumb phone is a smart move? D. How smartphones shape our minds? C Hiromu Yakura, a postdoctoral researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, first became aware of differences in his own vocabulary about a year after ChatGPT came out. Researchers had previously found that use of large language models (LLMs), such as those that power ChatGPT, was changing vocabulary choices in written communication, and Yakura and his colleagues wanted to know whether spoken communication was being affected, too. Researchers first used ChatGPT to edit large amounts of text like emails and articles, using instructions such as “polish” or “improve clarity.” They identified words ChatGPT added frequently, like “delve,” labeling these GPT words. Next, the team analyzed over 360,000 YouTube videos and 770,000 podcast episodes from before and after ChatGPT’s release to track the use of GPT words over time. They compared the GPT words with “synthetic (合成) controls.” which were formed by mathematically weighing synonyms (同义词) that weren’t frequently used by the chatbot—such synonyms for “delve,” for example, could include “examine” and “explore.” The team’s results show a significant rise in GPT words in the 18 months after ChatGPT’s release. The words didn’t just appear in formal, scripted videos or podcast episodes; they were peppered into natural conversation, too. “The patterns shared in AI technology seem to be sending back to the human mind,” notes co-author Levin Brinkmann, describing a cultural feedback cycle: humans train AI on text. AI returns statistically remixed versions, and then people unconsciously adopt its patterns. “It’s natural for humans to imitate one another, but we’re more likely to copy what someone else is doing if we perceive them as being knowledgeable or important,” Brinkmann says. As more people look to AI as a cultural authority, they may rely on and imitate it over other sources, resulting in a likeness of language styles and expressions. Tracking LLMs’cultural impact is critical, according to the University of Chicago expert James Evans. “In this moment in the evolution of LLMs, looking at word distribution is the right methodology to understand how the technology is affecting the way we communicate,” he says. “But as the models mature, these distributions are going to be harder to distinguish. Scientists may need to look at broader linguistic trends beyond word choice, such as sentence structure and how ideas are presented.” 45. What made Yakura begin the new research? A. Desire to explore potentials of LLMs. B. Changes in personal vocabulary choices. C. Previous research on written communication. D. Dissatisfaction over poor performance of ChatGPT. 46. Why were the GPT words tracked in the research? A. To show how diverse they are. B. To measure their influence on language. C. To check if they work in various contexts. D. To compare them with human word choices. 47. Brinkmann mentions the trend of the cultural feedback cycle to illustrate . A. it provides a different approach to learning B. it results in misjudgment of cultural authorities C. it is a natural part of technological development. D. It carries a hidden risk to the richness of language 48. What is suggested in the last paragraph? A. A probable shift in the future research focus. B. A notable increase in sample size. C. A timely application of the research findings. D. A thorough evaluation of the current research. 49. According to the passage, what can be inferred about the cultural feedback cycle between humans and AI? A. It only exists in formal written contexts. B. It will disappear as AI models become more mature C. It may lead humans to adopt more uniform language patterns. D. It has no influence on people’s choice of information sources. D The modern world is witnessing a growing unease over “affordability” — a term that has surpassed mere economic concern to become a defining anxiety of our age. From skyrocketing housing costs and stagnant (停滞不前的) wages to the rising price of healthcare and education, the feeling that essential goods and services are slipping out of reach has spread through nearly every society, breeding discontent and challenging the legitimacy of established economic systems. Even in historically wealthy nations, families once confident in their ability to build stable lives now face impossible trade-offs between paying rent, covering groceries, and meeting unexpected medical costs. This anxiety is not merely about individual financial hardship; it reflects a deeper crisis of fairness and intergenerational equity. Younger generations, in particular, face a harsh reality: despite working longer hours and being more educated than their parents, they are far less likely to achieve the same level of financial security — owning a home, raising a family, or retiring comfortably. Many are trapped in precarious jobs with few benefits, struggling to save even as inflation erodes their purchasing power. This “affordability gap” has widened not because of economic insufficiency, but because of structural inequities: extreme wealth concentration, unequal access to opportunities, and policies that prioritize short-term corporate profits over long-term social stability. What makes this unease more acute is the widespread sense of powerlessness. Unlike past economic struggles, which were often attributed to external factors like war or natural disasters, today’s affordability crisis is widely seen as a product of deliberate human choices — choices that seem to favor a tiny elite (精英) at the expense of the majority. This perception fuels a growing skepticism toward mainstream economic narratives and a search for alternative systems that prioritize equity over efficiency, and human well-being over endless growth. 50. The underlined word “legitimacy” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A. legal restriction B. reasonable credibility C. practical function D. potential influence 51. According to the passage, the widening affordability gap is rooted in ______. A. insufficient natural and economic resources B. young people’s longer working hours C. unfair social structure and policy preference D. higher educational expectations of the young 52. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that younger generations ______. A. enjoy better financial welfare than their parents B. fail to attain the same life security as older generations C. owe their hardship mainly to inadequate education D. have completely given up buying houses and starting families 53. Different from previous economic crises, today’s affordability worry ______. A. is caused by unpredictable natural forces B. is widely considered man-made and biased C. has little to do with social economic policies D. can be easily solved by traditional economic means 54. What can we infer about mainstream economic systems nowadays? A. They fully balance equity and economic efficiency. B. They have won complete recognition of the public C. They are facing public doubt and potential reform. D. They perfectly serve the interests of ordinary people. 55. What is the best title for the text? A. The Falling Financial Security of Young Generations B. Structural Problems Behind Global Economic Scarcity C. Widespread Deep Anxiety Over Affordability D. The Conflict Between Efficiency and Social Equity 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night. Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30, 34-year-old Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions. “It was -20℃, and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something,” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street. For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experience, Payne knew that the homeless people still living on the street desperately needed help and she wanted to step up. However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,” said Payne. Payne’s selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person,” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers. “It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side.” 56. What was the biggest problem homeless people had when extreme weather came? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________ 57. Why was Candice Payne determined to help homeless people? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________ 58. How did Candice Payne help the homeless people? (no more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph? (no more than 3 words) _______________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Payne? Please give your reasons. (no more than 20 words) _______________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分） 61. 假如你是李华，你校英文报专栏面向全校征文，话题为 Short Videos: Good or Bad，请你结合以下要点写一篇英语短文。 1．短视频带来的娱乐与资讯便利； 2．沉迷短视频浪费时间、影响专注力； 3．中学生理性看待、合理把控时间。 注意： （1）词数：100 词左右，观点辩证、条理清楚。 （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025 — 2026 学年度第2学期高三（英语学科）大统练七 2026年5月 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节；单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — Hi, Sally. How’s your history project going? — Not very well, to be honest. ______. A. I’m as cool as a cucumber B. It was against all odds C. It deserves a second chance D. I haven’t lifted a finger yet 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查谚语/习语。句意：——嗨，Sally，你的历史课题做得怎么样了？——说实话，不太顺利。我还一点都没动手呢。A. I’m as cool as a cucumber我非常冷静；B. It was against all odds这是历尽艰险才做成的；C. It deserves a second chance它值得再试一次；D. I haven’t lifted a finger yet我还没开始做/一点都没动手。根据“Not very well, to be honest”可知，不太顺利，一点都没动手呢，符合句意。故选D项。 2. Proper teaching methods can ______ the best in every student and help them gain confidence. A. bring out B. bring forward C. bring down D. bring back 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：适当的教学方法能够激发每个学生最好的一面，并帮助他们获得自信。A. bring out激发；B. bring forward提出；C. bring down降低；D. bring back带回。根据“the best in every student”可知，用固定搭配bring out the best in sb.，意为“激发某人最好的一面”。 3. The doctor’s diagnosis was based on ______ evidence rather than guesswork. A. concrete B. consistent C. confidential D. controversial 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：医生的诊断是以具体证据而非猜测为依据的。A. concrete具体的、实在的；B. consistent一致的、始终如一的；C. confidential机密的、保密的；D. controversial 有争议的。根据句中“rather than guesswork”可知，不是猜测，而是有具体证据，用形容词concrete作定语，符合语境。 4. A reporter’s sharp question at the press conference really ______, leaving me at a loss for words. A. pulled my socks up B. had butterflies in my stomach C. put me on the spot D. had a frog in my throat 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：新闻发布会上记者尖锐的问题真的让我很难堪，让我无言以对。A. pulled my socks up使我努力振作；B. had butterflies in my stomach使我紧张；C. put me on the spot使我难堪；D. had a frog in my throat使我喉咙发紧。后文的“leaving me at a loss for words”意为“让我无言以对”，说明记者的尖锐问题让我处于难堪的境地。 5. The statement is so _____ worded that different readers may draw entirely opposite conclusions. A. roughly B. steadily C. vaguely D. instantly 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这份声明措辞十分含糊，不同读者可能得出完全相反的结论。A. roughly粗略地；B. steadily稳定地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. instantly立刻。根据后半句“different readers may draw entirely opposite conclusions”可知，这句话的措辞是不明确的、含糊的，vaguely符合句意。 6. The senior teacher always goes swimming and does push-ups to stay ________. A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。A. in place适当的；B. in order按顺序；C. in shape在外形上，处于良好状态；D. in fashion流行。句意：那位老教师经常去游泳和做俯卧撑来保持体形。故选C。 7. He made a discovery, ______ of great importance to the whole field of science, ______ puzzled all leading experts. A. which; that B. one; which C. what; / D. it; which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：他有了一项发现，一项对整个科学界非常重要的发现，这项发现使所有顶尖专家感到困惑。第一空填代词one，作a discovery的同位语，指代“一项发现”，其后的介词短语“of great importance to the whole field of science”作后置定语修饰one；第二空填which，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a discovery（或one），在从句中作主语。 8. ______ you may have realized, you can never gain real progress ______ you step out of your comfort zone. A. As; unless B. Though; until C. As; until D. Since; unless 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：正如你可能已经意识到的那样，除非你走出舒适区，否则你永远无法获得真正的进步。第一空引导非限制性定语从句，该从句位于主句之前，代指后面主句的整个内容，意为“正如”，所以第一空为as引导；第二空引导状语从句，结合句意，此处意为“除非，如果不”，表示获得真正进步的条件，所以第二空为连词unless。 9. The manager is believed _______ abroad for further study next year. A. to send B. to be sent C. being sent D. to have been sent 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：据信，这位经理明年将被派往国外深造。固定句型sb. is believed to do sth.意为“据信某人做某事”，故此处需用动词不定式。动词send与其逻辑主语The manager之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语next year可知，该动作发生在将来，故使用不定式的被动式to be sent。 10. — How many qualified candidates are left for the position? — ______ at all. All have failed the final interview. A. Nothing B. None C. No one D. Neither 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——这个职位还剩下多少合格的候选人？——一个都没有。所有人都没通过最终面试。A. Nothing没有东西；B. None没有一个；C. No one没有人；D. Neither两者都不。问句由How many提问数量，回答数量为零时应用None；No one常用于回答who引导的问句；Nothing常用于回答what引导的问句。 11. Many teenagers tend to ______ temporary pleasure and ignore long-term life goals. A. go in for B. go after C. go through D. go over 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多青少年往往追求一时的快乐，而忽视长远的人生目标。A. go in for参加、爱好；B. go after追求；C. go through经历、穿过；D. go over复习、仔细检查。根据“and ignore long-term life goals”可知，许多青少年忽略了长远的人生目标，而“追求”短暂的快乐。 12. It is generally acknowledged _______ matters most in facing failure is not complaining, but reflecting on _______ we went wrong. A. that; what B. what that; how C. that what; where D. which; that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们普遍认为，在面对失败时最重要的是不要抱怨，而是反思我们在哪里出了错。“It is generally acknowledged that...”为固定句型，意为“人们普遍认为……”，其中It为形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。在that引导的主语从句中，“_______ matters most in facing failure”充当主语，该主语从句缺少主语且指代事物，需用what引导，故第一空填that what；第二空位于介词on之后，引导宾语从句，从句“we went wrong”主谓完整，需填入连接副词表示“在哪个环节/哪里”出错，用where引导。 13. The new _______ of algorithm (算法) greatly improves the efficiency of data processing. A. innovation B. invention C. creation D. discovery 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这款全新的算法创新大幅提升了数据处理的效率。A. innovation创新；B. invention发明；C. creation创作；D. discovery发现。根据“improves the efficiency of data processing”以及语境可知，此处指算法的创新提升了数据处理的效率，innovation符合句意。 14. The witness’s account contradicts the official statement, so he _______ have made up the story to gain public sympathy. A. need B. could C. should D. must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：目击者的描述与官方声明相矛盾，所以他一定是为了博取公众同情而编造了这个故事。根据前半句“目击者的描述与官方声明相矛盾”以及连词“so”可知，此处是得出肯定的推测结论，认为他一定编造了故事，“must have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过某事”。 。 15. — Why didn’t you attend the meeting this morning? — But I _______ anything about that. A. didn’t tell B. haven’t been told C. haven’t told D. hadn’t been told 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你今天早上为什么没参加会议？——但是没人告诉我关于那件事的任何信息。主语I和动词tell之间是被动关系，表示“被告知”，故应用被动语态；同时，“没有被告知”这一动作发生在“今天早上没有参加会议（didn't attend）”之前，属于“过去的过去”，因此需要使用过去完成时的被动语态。 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16 ~ 35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool, watching everyone else swim back and forth, I ____16____ that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves. It was then that I noticed a little girl staring at me with a look of ____17____. I smiled at her, hoping to break the ice by talking to her. Unfortunately, my ____18____ failed and she just kept on staring. My ____19____ increased as a little boy swam up to me and said, “I feel sorry for you.” After the ____20____, a thought ____21____ me—I had to change how the world viewed me. Because it was children who stared at me the most, I decided to write a children’s book that taught them about ____22____ in a fun way. This is when KatGirl, a superhero in a wheelchair who helps children that are being bullied (欺凌), came into my mind. I quickly wheeled inside my apartment and began creating the story. ____23____ I wrote each word, I could ____24____ my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker. My excitement ____25____ like wildfire. Over the next two years, the story ____26____ many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 2011. My perseverance ____27____ paid off. One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school. I wheeled ____28____ into a classroom filled with students who ____29____ at me just like the little girl in the pool. “How do you feel when you see me?” I asked them. The kids bravely ____30____, “I feel sorry for you.” I opened my book and started reading. Immediately I noticed the children’s stares turned to ____31____. “How do you feel when you see me?” I asked again. Without ____32____ they replied, “You are so cool! Does your ____33____ fly too?” I just smiled, “No, not yet, but may be some day.” I knew in my heart that this was ____34____. The past two years had proven to me that with ____35____ anything is possible. 16. A. observed B. appreciated C. delivered D. realized 17. A. confusion B. anticipation C. agreement D. disappointment 18. A. projcet B. insight C. attempt D. anger 19. A. relief B. awkwardness C. sorrow D. encouragement 20. A. consultation B. encounter C. argument D. interview 21. A. struck B. enhanced C. refreshed D. overlooked 22. A. motive B. potential C. compromise D. disabilities 23. A. As B. Although C. Now that D. Even if 24. A. revise B. picture C. boost D. assign 25. A. spread B. recovered C. folded D. declined 26. A. turned down B. got over C. went through D. gave away 27. A. randomly B. ultimately C. instantly D. constantly 28. A. with confidence B. on purpose C. by accident D. in advance 29. A. rushed B. threw C. stared D. laughed 30. A. ignored B. responded C. imitated D. recommended 31. A. efforts B. doubts C. smiles D. tears 32. A. consideration B. ambition C. intention D. hesitation 33. A. body B. dream C. chair D. book 34. A. funny B. strange C. false D. true 35. A. generosity B. resolution C. harmony D. desperation 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者虽然身体残疾，但是他通过写儿童读物用有趣的方式改变了孩子们对残疾人的看法。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我一动不动地坐在游泳池的台阶上，看着其他人来回游泳时，我意识到我一生中大部分时间都在看着别人玩得开心。A. observed观察；B. appreciated感激；C. delivered递送；D. realized意识到。根据后文“that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves”以及后文提到作者坐轮椅，是残疾人，可知，作者看着其他人来回游泳时，意识到自己一生中大部分时间都在看着别人玩得开心。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我注意到一个小女孩正疑惑地盯着我。A. confusion困惑；B. anticipation预期；C. agreement协议；D. disappointment失望。根据后文“she just kept on staring”可知，女孩一直盯着作者，说明她对作者感到很困惑。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我的尝试失败了，她只是继续盯着。A. project项目；B. insight了解；C. attempt尝试；D. anger生气。根据Unfortunately和failed可知，是和女孩谈话的尝试（attempt）失败。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一个小男孩游过来对我说：“我为你感到难过”时，我更加尴尬了。A. relief安慰；B. awkwardness尴尬；C. sorrow悲伤；D. encouragement鼓励。根据上文“Unfortunately, my ___3___ failed and she just kept on staring.”可知，想和女孩谈话女孩不理睬，另一个男孩过来说为作者感到遗憾，所以此时作者感到很尴尬（awkwardness）。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次邂逅之后，我突然有了一个想法——我必须改变世界对我的看法。A. consultation咨询；B. encounter偶遇；C. argument争论；D. interview采访。根据下文“by chance”可知，此处指这次和两个孩子的偶遇之后，作者有了新想法。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那次邂逅之后，我突然有了一个想法——我必须改变世界对我的看法。A. struck打；突然意识到；B. enhanced加强；C. refreshed更新；D. overlooked忽视。根据上文“a thought”可知，此处指某人突然想到，应用短语为sth. strike sb.。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为孩子们盯着我看得最多，所以我决定写一本儿童读物，用一种有趣的方式教他们关于残疾的知识。A. motive动机；B. potential潜能；C. compromise妥协；D. disabilities残疾。根据后文“This is when KatGirl, a superhero in a wheelchair who helps children that are being bullied, came into my mind.(就在这时，我想到了KatGirl，一个坐在轮椅上帮助受欺负儿童的超级英雄)”可知，作者的儿童读物与残疾有关。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我写下每一个字时，我就能想象自己未来会成为一个世界著名的作家和演说家。A. As当……时候；B. Although虽然；C. Now that既然；D. Even if即使。由上下语境可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”此处应用as。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我写下每一个字时，我就能想象自己未来会成为一个世界著名的作家和演说家。A. revise修改；B. picture想象；C. boost推动；D. assign分派。根据下文“my future as a world-famous author and public speaker”可知，作者写下每一个字的时候，就想象（picture）自己可以成为一个世界知名的作家和演说家。以此来激励自己继续写作，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的兴奋像野火一样蔓延开来。A. spread传播；蔓延；B. recovered恢复；C. folded折叠；D. declined下降。根据上文“my future as a world-famous author and public speaker”可知，有了写作动力，作者的兴奋就像野火一样蔓延（spread）。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，这个故事经历了很多变化，直到2011年春天才与世界见面。A. turned down拒绝；B. got over克服；C. went through经历；D. gave away赠送。根据下文“many changes before it saw the world”可知，在接下来的两年里，直到2011年春天出版前，这个故事经历（went through）了多次变化。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的坚持最终得到了回报。A. randomly随机地；B. ultimately最后；C. instantly立刻；D. constantly持续地。根据上文“before it saw the world in the spring of 2011”可知，作者的书问世，作者的坚持最后（eventually）得到了回报。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我满怀信心地坐着轮椅走进教室，教室里满是学生，他们盯着我，就像泳池里的小女孩一样。A. with confidence自信地；B. on purpose故意；C. by accident偶然；D. in advance提前。根据上文“it saw the world in the spring of 2011”可知，作者的书问世了，所以作者充满了自信走进教室给学生普及残疾知识。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我满怀信心地坐着轮椅走进教室，教室里满是学生，他们盯着我，就像泳池里的小女孩一样。A. rushed急忙；B. threw扔；C. stared凝视；D. laughed笑。与上文“a little girl staring at me”呼应，指学生们和在泳池遇到的小女孩一样盯着（stared）坐轮椅的我。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们勇敢地回答说：“我为你感到难过。”A. ignored忽视；B. responded回答，反应；C. imitated模仿；D. recommended推荐。此处指学生们勇敢地回答（responded）作者的问题“How do you feel when you see me?”故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻注意到孩子们的目光变成了微笑。A. efforts努力；B. doubts怀疑；C. smiles微笑；D. tears眼泪。根据孩子们的回答“You are so cool!”可知，孩子们的眼神由盯着变成了微笑（smiles）。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们毫不犹豫地回答说：“你真酷！你的椅子也会飞吗？”A. consideration考虑；B. ambition抱负；C. intention意图；D. hesitation犹豫。此处指作者再次提问时，学生们毫不犹豫（hesitation）回答“你很酷”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们毫不犹豫地回答说：“你真酷！你的椅子也会飞吗？”A. body身体；B. dream梦想；C. chair椅子；D. book书。根据文意和上文wheeled可知是孩子们问作者的轮椅（chair）会飞吗？故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我心里知道这是真的。A. funny有趣的；B. strange奇怪的；C. false错误的；D. true真的。根据上文“I knew in my heart”可知，作者知道在自己心里这是真实的（true），即这是作者真实的想法。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去的两年向我证明，只要有决心，一切皆有可能。A. generosity慷慨；B. resolution决心；C. harmony和谐；D. desperation绝望。根据上文“The past two years had proven to me that”可知，过去的两年向我证明了只要有决心（resolution），任何事情都是有可能的。故选B。 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Step back in time to experience the golden age of railroading. North America’s railroad museums and tourist lines provide affordable fun for the whole family! Plan your complete vacation with visits to these leading attractions. For information on advertising in this section, call Tom Vorel at 630-248-2299. CALIFORNIA Campo PACIFIC SOUTHWEST RAILWAY MUSEUM 750 Depot Street Located 60 minutes east of San Diego Ride on the San Diego Arizona Railway: the last trans-con link, completed in 1919 and built by sugar-magnate (巨头), John D. Spreckels. Trains depart from the historic 1917 Campo Depot every Saturday and Sunday. Check our website for train’ schedules and tickets. www. psrm.org 619-465-7776 COLORADO Golden COLORADO RAILROAD MUSEUM 17155 W. 44th Avene There is something amazing about trains. The familiar whistle has always promised adventure. Experience it again with a visitor to the Colorado Railroad Museum, one of the top 10 railroad museums in the United States with one of the largest collections of narrow-gauge (轨距) equipment. The 15-acre rail yard also features a roundhouse restoration facility and renowned library. Train rides throughout the year. Group rates-and-programs available. ColoradoRailroadMuseum.org 800-365-6263 PENNSYLVANIA Marysville BRIDGEVIEW BED BREAKFAST 810 S. Main St. Lately, train watching around The Bridgeview B&B has been extremely exciting with motive power from BNSF. UP, KCS, CP, CN, CSX and Ferromex often leading, plus add NS units into the mix. and you have some amazing lashup (应急设备) possibilities! Trains entering or exiting Enola Yard pass right by our front porch. From the spacious decks and sitting room, you can watch the Susquehanna River, Blue Mountains and train action on Rockville Bridge! Plus, visit Hershey, Gettysburg, and PA Dutch Country! Comfortable rooms all with private baths, A/C, Wifi, and a tasty breakfast are included with your stay. Take a virtual tour on our website and check us out on Facebook for daily updates, pictures and guest comments. www. bridgeviewbnb.com 717-957-2438 WISCONSIN Trego WISCONSIN GREAT NORTHERN RAILROAD N6639 Dilly Lake Road America’s Only Moving BED& BREAKFAST DINNER TRAIN The train departs Tuesday through Saturday evening at 5:30 pm year round. The train features a choice of a queen bed in our sleeper deluxe suites or a full size bed in our 1914 Pullman Private Car. Enjoy cocktails in the lounge and then move to the diner for a scrumptious 4-course chef prepared meal from our onboard kitchen. When the train returns to the station view the starlit sky while trading railroad tales with other passengers around our gas fire on the patio. Wake up to a hot breakfast buffet in the diner. See the world famous Mark Twain Zephyr at Trego Depot! www. spoonertrainride.com 715-635-3200 36. This passage is intended for ________. A. advertisers looking to promote vacation packages B. families seeking to learn about US railroad history C. tourists fascinated by trains or railroads in the US D. travelers seeking accommodations along railroads 37. We can learn from the passage that _______. A. a railroad over 100 years old is still in use at present B. the four attractions provide fantastic train ride services C. the B&Bs are convenient for many railroad museums D. Bridgeview B&B offers packaged tours of the country 38. When do the trains depart from the Pacific Southwest Railway Museum? A. Either Saturday or Sunday. B. Every Saturday and Sunday. C. On weekdays. D. On holidays. 39. Which of the following is not special to the Colorado Railroad Museum? A. It offers discounted services for groups. B. It has a roundhouse restoration facility and a renowned library. C. It has a large collection of narrow-gauge equipment. D. It is the only moving dinner train in America. 40. Which of the following statements is true about the Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad? A. The train features a choice of a queen bed. B. The train departs every day at 5:30 pm. C. It is the oldest railroad in the United States. D. It only operates on weekends. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国的几个铁路博物馆和旅游线路，以及他们的特色和服务。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“North America’s railroad museums and tourist lines provide affordable fun for the whole family! Plan your complete vacation with visits to these leading attractions.”（北美的铁路博物馆和旅游线路为全家人提供了实惠的乐趣！计划您的完整假期，参观这些领先的景点。）可推知，这篇文章是为了吸引对火车或铁路感兴趣的游客，故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Located 60 minutes east of San Diego Ride on the San Diego Arizona Railway: the last trans-con link, completed in 1919 and built by sugar-magnate (巨头), John D. Spreckels.”（位于圣地亚哥以东60分钟的圣地亚哥：最后的跨大陆链接，于1919年完成，由糖业巨头约翰·D·斯普雷克尔斯建造。）可推知，有一条超过100年的铁路现在仍在使用，故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Trains depart from the historic 1917 Campo Depot every Saturday and Sunday.”（火车每周六和周日从历史悠久的1917年Campo车站出发。）可推知，火车每周六和周日都会从太平洋西南铁路博物馆出发，故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“There is something amazing about trains. The familiar whistle has always promised adventure. Experience it again with a visitor to the Colorado Railroad Museum, one of the top 10 railroad museums in the United States with one of the largest collections of narrow-gauge (轨距) equipment. The 15-acre rail yard also features a roundhouse restoration facility and renowned library.”（火车有些令人惊奇的东西。熟悉的汽笛声总是预示着冒险。再次体验与科罗拉多铁路博物馆的游客的体验，这是美国十大铁路博物馆之一，拥有最大的窄轨设备收藏之一。15英亩的铁路场还设有一个回转修复设施和著名的图书馆。）可推知，科罗拉多铁路博物馆并不是美国唯一的移动晚餐火车，故选D。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The train features a choice of a queen bed in our sleeper deluxe suites or a full size bed in our 1914 Pullman Private Car.”（列车提供卧铺豪华套房的双人床和1914年普尔曼车厢的全尺寸床两种选择。）可知，这列火车有双人床可选。故选A。 B I’ve recently found myself wondering if I could do without Google Maps. It is, I think, the only app on my phone I’d really miss were I to swap my smartphone for a “dumb” one that handles only calls and text messages. Why am I thinking about this? It’s because every time I try to read a book, I end up picking up my phone instead. I keep interrupting my own train of thought in order to do something that I don’t consciously want to do. This is not accidental. Developers have become even more unashamed in their attempts to keep us hooked on our smartphones. Some of them speak in the language of addiction and behavioural psychology, though most prefer the term “persuasive tech”. In itself, persuasive tech is not a new idea — an academic named BJ Fogg has been running classes from a “persuasive tech lab” at Stanford since the late 1990s. But as smartphone ownership has rocketed and social-media sites have been born, persuasive tech has vastly expanded its reach. One company, Dopamine Labs — named for the chemical released in the reward center of the brain — offers a service to tech businesses wanting to “keep users engaged”. Founder Ramsay Brown tells me he wants people to understand that “their thoughts and feelings are on the table as things that can be controlled and designed”. He thinks there should be more conversation around the persuasive power of the technologies being used. “We believe everyone has a right to cognitive liberty, and to build the kind of mind they want to live in,” he says. The poster child of the resistance movement against addictive apps is former Google “design ethicist” Tristan Harris. He thinks the power to change the system lies not with app developers but with the hardware providers. In 2014, Harris founded “Time Well Spent”, a group that campaigns for more moral design practices among developers. Any tech business that relies on advertising profits is motivated to hold its users online for as long as possible, Harris says. This means apps are specifically designed to keep us in them. Apple, on the other hand, wants to sell phones but doesn’t have a profit stream so tightly connected to the amount of time its customers spend online. Harris hopes that companies like Apple could use their influence to encourage more morally designed apps. While I wait for Apple to sort this out, I find myself longing for something called a “Light Phone”, a credit-card-sized handset that does absolutely nothing but make and receive calls. Price tag? $150. Seems expensive. But the company’s website is very persuasive. 41. According to the author, what makes us so glued to our smartphones？ A. People's inborn behaviours. B. App developers’ intention C. User-friendly apps D. Hardware providers 42. Dopamine Labs's founder believes that ____. A. Tech businesses have gone too far in controlling users’ minds B. Persuasive technologies are dangerous to users’ cognitive liberty. C. The persuasive power of the technologies deserves more attention D. Everyone can live the life they desire by using persuasive technologies. 43. Which of the following best explains the underlined words “The poster child” in paragraph 5? A. The advertiser B. The advocate C. The opponent D. The founder 44. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Do we have a right to cognitive liberty? B. What have persuasive tech done to us? C. Why a dumb phone is a smart move? D. How smartphones shape our minds? 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者主要讲述为什么要把智能手机换成傻瓜手机。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“This is not accidental. Developers have become even more unashamed in their attempts to keep us hooked on our smartphones.”（发生这一切不是偶然的。为了让我们一刻都离不开我们的智能手机，开发人员的手段越来越肆无忌惮了。）可知，开发人员想尽一切办法让我们离不开手机，所以我们对手机上瘾是开发人员有意为之的。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据题干Dopamine Labs's founder定位到第四段，再根据第四段倒数第二句“He thinks there should be more conversation around the persuasive power of the technologies being used.”（他认为，应该对说服技术的使用进行更广泛的讨论。）可知C选项表达的了他的看法。故选C。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根本句后半部分“is former Google “design ethicist” Tristan Harris.”（是前谷歌“设计伦理学家”特里斯坦•哈里斯。）可知，主语应该指人，再结合横线后“the resistance movement against addictive apps”（抵制易上瘾应用运动）以及“He thinks the power to change the system lies not with app developers but with the hardware providers. In 2014, Harris founded “Time Well Spent”, a group that campaigns for more moral design practices among developers.”（他认为，改变目前这一体系的力量不掌握在应用开发人员手上，而掌握在硬件提供商手中。早在2014年，哈里斯就创建了一个名叫“光阴不虚度”组织，呼吁开发公司在应用开发过程中坚持设计伦理。）可知，哈里斯是抵制易上瘾应用运动的代表人物，所以The poster child应指该运动的支持者，代表人物；A. The advertiser 顾问；B. The advocate 支持者；C. The opponent 反对者；D. The founder 创始人。故选B。 【44题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段作者提出“It is, I think, the only app on my phone I’d really miss were I to swap my smartphone for a “dumb” one that handles only calls and text messages.”（如果我要将现在的智能手机换成只能打电话、发短信的“傻瓜”手机，谷歌地图可能是我唯一真正想念的一个应用了）；第二段“It’s because every time I try to read a book, I end up picking up my phone instead. I keep interrupting my own train of thought in order to do something that I don’t consciously want to do.”（因为每当我想读会儿书时，我最终拿起的却是手机。为了做一些我不愿做的事，我不停地打断自己的思路。）进一步说明自己想换“傻瓜”手机的理由；第三、四、五段引用科学研究理论来说明手机正试图改变你大脑中的化学成份，让你花更多时间做你不想做的事情，以及技术界试图帮助我们重新获得自控力等理论依据，可知，本文主要讲述为什么要把智能手机换成傻瓜手机。故选C。 C Hiromu Yakura, a postdoctoral researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, first became aware of differences in his own vocabulary about a year after ChatGPT came out. Researchers had previously found that use of large language models (LLMs), such as those that power ChatGPT, was changing vocabulary choices in written communication, and Yakura and his colleagues wanted to know whether spoken communication was being affected, too. Researchers first used ChatGPT to edit large amounts of text like emails and articles, using instructions such as “polish” or “improve clarity.” They identified words ChatGPT added frequently, like “delve,” labeling these GPT words. Next, the team analyzed over 360,000 YouTube videos and 770,000 podcast episodes from before and after ChatGPT’s release to track the use of GPT words over time. They compared the GPT words with “synthetic (合成) controls.” which were formed by mathematically weighing synonyms (同义词) that weren’t frequently used by the chatbot—such synonyms for “delve,” for example, could include “examine” and “explore.” The team’s results show a significant rise in GPT words in the 18 months after ChatGPT’s release. The words didn’t just appear in formal, scripted videos or podcast episodes; they were peppered into natural conversation, too. “The patterns shared in AI technology seem to be sending back to the human mind,” notes co-author Levin Brinkmann, describing a cultural feedback cycle: humans train AI on text. AI returns statistically remixed versions, and then people unconsciously adopt its patterns. “It’s natural for humans to imitate one another, but we’re more likely to copy what someone else is doing if we perceive them as being knowledgeable or important,” Brinkmann says. As more people look to AI as a cultural authority, they may rely on and imitate it over other sources, resulting in a likeness of language styles and expressions. Tracking LLMs’cultural impact is critical, according to the University of Chicago expert James Evans. “In this moment in the evolution of LLMs, looking at word distribution is the right methodology to understand how the technology is affecting the way we communicate,” he says. “But as the models mature, these distributions are going to be harder to distinguish. Scientists may need to look at broader linguistic trends beyond word choice, such as sentence structure and how ideas are presented.” 45. What made Yakura begin the new research? A. Desire to explore potentials of LLMs. B. Changes in personal vocabulary choices. C. Previous research on written communication. D. Dissatisfaction over poor performance of ChatGPT. 46. Why were the GPT words tracked in the research? A. To show how diverse they are. B. To measure their influence on language. C. To check if they work in various contexts. D. To compare them with human word choices. 47. Brinkmann mentions the trend of the cultural feedback cycle to illustrate . A. it provides a different approach to learning B. it results in misjudgment of cultural authorities C. it is a natural part of technological development. D. It carries a hidden risk to the richness of language 48. What is suggested in the last paragraph? A. A probable shift in the future research focus. B. A notable increase in sample size. C. A timely application of the research findings. D. A thorough evaluation of the current research. 49. According to the passage, what can be inferred about the cultural feedback cycle between humans and AI? A. It only exists in formal written contexts. B. It will disappear as AI models become more mature C. It may lead humans to adopt more uniform language patterns. D. It has no influence on people’s choice of information sources. 【答案】45. B 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Hiromu Yakura团队研究发现，ChatGPT 发布后，其常用的 GPT 词汇在口语中显著增多，形成人类与 AI 的文化反馈循环，专家建议未来需拓展语言研究维度。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Hiromu Yakura, a postdoctoral researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, first became aware of differences in his own vocabulary about a year after ChatGPT came out. Researchers had previously found that use of large language models (LLMs), such as those that power ChatGPT, was changing vocabulary choices in written communication, and Yakura and his colleagues wanted to know whether spoken communication was being affected, too.( 马克斯·普朗克人类发展研究所的博士后研究员Hiromu Yakura在ChatGPT问世大约一年后，第一次意识到自己的词汇存在差异。研究人员之前发现，使用大型语言模型（LLMs），比如那些支持ChatGPT的模型，正在改变书面交流中的词汇选择，Yakura和他的同事们想知道口头交流是否也受到了影响。)”可知，自身词汇使用的变化促使他开启这项新研究。故选B项。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“They identified words ChatGPT added frequently, like “delve,” labeling these GPT words. Next, the team analyzed over 360,000 YouTube videos and 770,000 podcast episodes from before and after ChatGPT’s release to track the use of GPT words over time.( 他们识别了ChatGPT经常添加的单词，比如“delve”，并标记了这些GPT单词。接下来，该团队分析了ChatGPT发布前后超过36万个YouTube视频和77万个播客片段，以跟踪GPT单词的使用情况。)”及第一段内容可推知，研究人员先确定了 ChatGPT 常用的 GPT 词汇，随后分析大量视频和播客素材追踪这些词汇的使用情况，目的是弄清大语言模型是否影响人类口语交流。故选B项。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““The patterns shared in AI technology seem to be sending back to the human mind,” notes co-author Levin Brinkmann, describing a cultural feedback cycle: humans train AI on text. AI returns statistically remixed versions, and then people unconsciously adopt its patterns. “It’s natural for humans to imitate one another, but we’re more likely to copy what someone else is doing if we perceive them as being knowledgeable or important,” Brinkmann says. As more people look to AI as a cultural authority, they may rely on and imitate it over other sources, resulting in a likeness of language styles and expressions.( 合著者Levin Brinkmann在描述文化反馈循环：人类在文本上训练人工智能时指出：“人工智能技术中共享的模式似乎正在发回人类的思维。”人工智能返回统计上混合的版本，然后人们无意识地采用它的模式。Brinkmann说：“人类相互模仿是很自然的，但如果我们认为别人知识渊博或很重要，我们就更有可能模仿别人的行为。”随着越来越多的人将人工智能视为一种文化权威，他们可能会依赖和模仿人工智能，而不是其他来源，从而导致语言风格和表达的相似性。)”可推知，Brinkmann提到了文化反馈周期的趋势来说明它对语言的丰富性有潜在的风险。故选D项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““In this moment in the evolution of LLMs, looking at word distribution is the right methodology to understand how the technology is affecting the way we communicate,” he says. “But as the models mature, these distributions are going to be harder to distinguish. Scientists may need to look at broader linguistic trends beyond word choice, such as sentence structure and how ideas are presented.”(他说：“在LLMs发展的这一时刻，研究单词分布是理解技术如何影响我们沟通方式的正确方法。”“但随着模型的成熟，这些分布将越来越难以区分。科学家们可能需要关注词汇选择之外更广泛的语言趋势，比如句子结构和想法的表达方式。”)”可推知，最后一段暗示了未来针对大语言模型文化影响的研究重点可能会发生转移。故选A项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及倒数第二段中“As more people look to AI as a cultural authority, they may rely on and imitate it over other sources, resulting in a likeness of language styles and expressions.( 随着越来越多的人将人工智能视为一种文化权威，他们可能会依赖和模仿人工智能，而不是其他来源，从而导致语言风格和表达的相似性。)”可知，文中提到文化反馈循环会让人们无意识地采用 AI 的语言模式，且人们视 AI 为文化权威时会更依赖和模仿它，最终导致语言风格和表达趋同。这可推断出该循环可能使人类采用更统一的语言模式。故选C项。 D The modern world is witnessing a growing unease over “affordability” — a term that has surpassed mere economic concern to become a defining anxiety of our age. From skyrocketing housing costs and stagnant (停滞不前的) wages to the rising price of healthcare and education, the feeling that essential goods and services are slipping out of reach has spread through nearly every society, breeding discontent and challenging the legitimacy of established economic systems. Even in historically wealthy nations, families once confident in their ability to build stable lives now face impossible trade-offs between paying rent, covering groceries, and meeting unexpected medical costs. This anxiety is not merely about individual financial hardship; it reflects a deeper crisis of fairness and intergenerational equity. Younger generations, in particular, face a harsh reality: despite working longer hours and being more educated than their parents, they are far less likely to achieve the same level of financial security — owning a home, raising a family, or retiring comfortably. Many are trapped in precarious jobs with few benefits, struggling to save even as inflation erodes their purchasing power. This “affordability gap” has widened not because of economic insufficiency, but because of structural inequities: extreme wealth concentration, unequal access to opportunities, and policies that prioritize short-term corporate profits over long-term social stability. What makes this unease more acute is the widespread sense of powerlessness. Unlike past economic struggles, which were often attributed to external factors like war or natural disasters, today’s affordability crisis is widely seen as a product of deliberate human choices — choices that seem to favor a tiny elite (精英) at the expense of the majority. This perception fuels a growing skepticism toward mainstream economic narratives and a search for alternative systems that prioritize equity over efficiency, and human well-being over endless growth. 50. The underlined word “legitimacy” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A. legal restriction B. reasonable credibility C. practical function D. potential influence 51. According to the passage, the widening affordability gap is rooted in ______. A. insufficient natural and economic resources B. young people’s longer working hours C. unfair social structure and policy preference D. higher educational expectations of the young 52. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that younger generations ______. A. enjoy better financial welfare than their parents B. fail to attain the same life security as older generations C. owe their hardship mainly to inadequate education D. have completely given up buying houses and starting families 53. Different from previous economic crises, today’s affordability worry ______. A. is caused by unpredictable natural forces B. is widely considered man-made and biased C. has little to do with social economic policies D. can be easily solved by traditional economic means 54. What can we infer about mainstream economic systems nowadays? A. They fully balance equity and economic efficiency. B. They have won complete recognition of the public C. They are facing public doubt and potential reform. D. They perfectly serve the interests of ordinary people. 55. What is the best title for the text? A. The Falling Financial Security of Young Generations B. Structural Problems Behind Global Economic Scarcity C. Widespread Deep Anxiety Over Affordability D. The Conflict Between Efficiency and Social Equity 【答案】50. B 51. C 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. C 【解析】 【导语】文章探讨了现代社会中普遍存在的“负担能力”焦虑，分析了其成因（结构性不平等、政策偏好）及其对年轻一代的影响，并指出人们对主流经济体系的质疑和对替代模式的探索。 【50题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“From skyrocketing housing costs and stagnant wages to the rising price of healthcare and education, the feeling that essential goods and services are slipping out of reach has spread through nearly every society, breeding discontent and challenging the legitimacy of established economic systems (从飞涨的房价和停滞不前的工资到不断上涨的医疗保健和教育价格，基本商品和服务变得遥不可及的感觉已几乎蔓延至每个社会，引发不满，并挑战既定经济体系的“legitimacy”)”可知，当人们觉得生活必需品买不起时，就会对现有的经济体系产生不满，进而质疑其存在的合理性和可信度。 由此可知“legitimacy”与B项的“reasonable credibility(合理可信度)”意义最接近。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This “affordability gap” has widened not because of economic insufficiency, but because of structural inequities: extreme wealth concentration, unequal access to opportunities, and policies that prioritize short-term corporate profits over long-term social stability. (这种“负担能力差距”的扩大不是因为经济匮乏，而是因为结构性不平等：极端财富集中、机会获取不均以及优先考虑短期企业利润而非长期社会稳定的政策。)”可知，负担能力差距的根源在于不公平的社会结构和政策偏好。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Younger generations, in particular, face a harsh reality: despite working longer hours and being more educated than their parents, they are far less likely to achieve the same level of financial security — owning a home, raising a family, or retiring comfortably. (尤其是年轻一代，他们面临着一个严酷的现实：尽管工作时间更长，受教育程度更高，但他们远不可能达到与父母相同的财务安全水平——拥有住房，抚养家庭，或舒适地退休。)”可知，年轻一代无法获得与老一辈相同的生活保障。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike past economic struggles, which were often attributed to external factors like war or natural disasters, today‘s affordability crisis is widely seen as a product of deliberate human choices — choices that seem to favor a tiny elite at the expense of the majority.(与过去常被归因于战争或自然灾害等外部因素的经济困境不同，当今的负担能力危机被广泛视为人为选择的结果——这些选择似乎以牺牲多数人为代价，偏袒极少数精英。)”可知，当今的负担能力焦虑被认为是由人为的、有偏见的政策导致的。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This perception fuels a growing skepticism toward mainstream economic narratives and a search for alternative systems that prioritize equity over efficiency (这种看法加剧了人们对主流经济叙事的日益怀疑，并促使人们寻找优先考虑公平而非效率的替代体系)”可知，主流经济体系正面临公众的质疑和潜在改革。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇即提出现代世界正经历一场对“负担能力”日益增长的忧虑，将其定义为当今时代的决定性焦虑，随后分析了其普遍性、结构性原因及对年轻一代的影响，并指出人们对主流经济体系的质疑。因此，“Widespread Deep Anxiety Over Affordability(对负担能力的广泛深度焦虑)”最能概括文章主旨。 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night. Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30, 34-year-old Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions. “It was -20℃, and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something,” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street. For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experience, Payne knew that the homeless people still living on the street desperately needed help and she wanted to step up. However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,” said Payne. Payne’s selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person,” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers. “It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side.” 56. What was the biggest problem homeless people had when extreme weather came? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________ 57. Why was Candice Payne determined to help homeless people? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________ 58. How did Candice Payne help the homeless people? (no more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph? (no more than 3 words) _______________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Payne? Please give your reasons. (no more than 20 words) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. They faced freezing to death without shelter for the night. They may freeze to death staying outside for the night. 57. Because she knew homeless people’s struggle from her husband’s past experience. Because she knew the homeless desperately needed help. Because she worried about those stuck on the street. 58. By buying hotel rooms for them. By paying for hotel rooms for them. She paid for/bought hotel rooms for them. 59. Was known Became famous Drew public’s attention 60. She is a warm-hearted person, because she cares about homeless people and tries her best to help them. 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她的丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.(最近，芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会面临被冻死的危险)”可知，芝加哥各地的无家可归者面临的最大的问题就是如果夜里找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。故答案为They faced freezing to death without shelter for the night.或They may freeze to death staying outside for the night。 【57题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第三段“For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experience, Payne knew that the homeless people still living on the street desperately needed help and she wanted to step up. (对Payne来说，她的任务是私人的。据Payne说，她的丈夫Carlos Callahan一生中有一段时间曾露宿街头。根据他的经验，Payne知道那些仍然住在街上的无家可归的人迫切需要帮助，她想挺身而出)”可知，Payne之所以决定帮助这些无家可归的人，是因为从自己的丈夫之前的经历中，Payne知道这些人如果得不到帮助就很难存活下来。故答案为She knew homeless people’s struggle from her husband’s past experience.或She knew the homeless desperately needed help. 或She worried about those stuck on the street. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,” said Payne.(然而，当Payne解释她的意图时，当地的许多酒店拒绝让她支付房费，因为他们不想让无家可归的人住在他们的房间里。Payne说：“没有人想要这些房间，但有一家叫Amber Inn的酒店很好，让我买下了房间。”)”可知，Payne打算通过在旅馆买下房间或支付房费来提供给无家可归的人居住过夜从而帮助他们。故答案By buying hotel rooms for them.或By paying for hotel rooms for them.或She paid for/bought hotel rooms for them. 【59题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据划线单词下一句“However, she insisted she had never done it for attention.(然而，她坚称自己这么做绝不是为了引起注意)”中的“however”可知，前后存在转折关系。根据下一句可推断，Payne已经获得了很多人的关注。因此，划线单词指的是“出名、或者获得关注”。故答案为Was known或Became famous 或Drew public’s attention 【60题详解】 开放题。要求考生谈谈对Payne的评价，考生言之有理即可，注意字数。故参考答案为She is a warm-hearted person, because she cares about homeless people and tries her best to help them. 第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分） 61. 假如你是李华，你校英文报专栏面向全校征文，话题为 Short Videos: Good or Bad，请你结合以下要点写一篇英语短文。 1．短视频带来的娱乐与资讯便利； 2．沉迷短视频浪费时间、影响专注力； 3．中学生理性看待、合理把控时间。 注意： （1）词数：100 词左右，观点辩证、条理清楚。 （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Short Videos: Good or Bad Nowadays, short videos have become highly popular. They offer us rich entertainment and convenient information. We can relax with funny clips, get timely news and learn various practical skills in spare time. However, every coin has two sides. Many students get addicted to short videos, wasting valuable study time. Besides, it damages our concentration and makes it difficult to focus on study and daily tasks. As senior high students, we should treat short videos reasonably. We need to manage our time well and avoid over-watching. Only in this way can we make the best of short videos and live a meaningful life. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生围绕短视频的利弊展开写作，介绍短视频的积极作用、沉迷短视频的危害，并阐述中学生的正确做法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 极其：highly → extremely 便利的：convenient → handy 宝贵的：valuable → precious 理性地：reasonably → rationally 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Besides, it damages our concentration and makes it difficult to focus on study and daily tasks. 拓展句：Besides, it damages our concentration, making it difficult to focus on study and daily tasks. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Many students get addicted to short videos, wasting valuable study time. (运用了现在分词短语“wasting valuable study time”作状语) 【高分句型2】Only in this way can we make the best of short videos and live a meaningful life. (运用了“only+状语”置于句首的部分倒装句型) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $