专题08 阅读表达（期末真题汇编，天津专用）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 高二下英语期末阅读表达专题汇编，精选天津多区期末真题，涵盖个人成长、文化融合、社会服务等真实情境，通过细节理解、词义猜测及开放观点题考查语言综合运用能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读表达|8篇短文，每篇5题（共40题）|细节提取（如事件原因）、词义推测（如“intimate”）、主旨概括、推理判断及观点表达|情境贴近生活（如音乐助自信、跨文化漆器创作），问题梯度分明（1词简答到20词开放论述），注重思维品质与文化意识培养|

专题08 阅读表达 Passage 1 1．How the author got to know his friend. 2．His friend was badly hurt by the author’s words. 3．Close./ Familiar. 4．Several rude words said by the angry teenagers. 5．We should be careful with our words to avoid hurting others. (开放式话题，答案合理即可。) Passage 2 1．A novel research program. 2．The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 3．The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialized training. 4．Because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others. 5．From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealized and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning than to seek help. Passage 3 1．Vincent is devoted to integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware with Western modern art techniques. 2．Discover/Uncover/Unfold/Reveal/Explore. 3．To learn more about lacquer craftsmanship. 4．It made him understand Yi culture and get new inspiration for his exhibition. 5．Artists should explore diverse cultures and techniques to enrich their creative expressions. Passage 4 1．His learning disability. 2．Because he could express himself with music. 3．The more you practice, the better at something you will be. 4．He could read and write. 5．We can overcome difficulties by practicing and not giving up. Passage 5 1．An/One elective course she took at college. 2．Express/Convey/Communicate. 3．Because she thinks cookies are liked by many people. Or: Because she thinks everyone likes cookies. Because she thinks nobody dislikes cookies. 4．To inspire people to be creative and think positively. 5．I will look inward to discover my passion or love and make full use of what I have to make a better world. Passage 1 1．They may get burnt. Or: They may face possible fires. Or: They may lose their lives. 2．Cui works in an extremely cold environment. Or: Cui’s working environment is extremely cold. 3．Because they live a boring life. Or: Because their life is boring. 4．Ease /Relieve/Reduce. 5．They are responsible. They overcome difficulties and risk their lives to protect the pipeline, which shows their sense of duty. Or: They are devoted. Despite hard working conditions, they never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline . Passage 2 1．Looked closely/carefully. / Examined carefully./ Observed carefully./ Inspected carefully./ Studied closely./Stared./ Examined./ Studied./ Observed. 2．Its feet were frozen, and it couldn’t move. 3．They used their beaks to break the ice around the goose. 4．They cleaned its wings and removed the ice from its feathers. 5．It teaches me to be kind, care for others, and support those in need around me. Passage 3 1．An extremely excited physiological sense from running hard. / A magical, physiological sense of extreme excitement while running. 2．To help reduce the author’s anxiety. 3．Take control of./ Deal with./ Cope with./ Control./ Manage. 4．The author made progress in running and had a sense of achievement./ The author progressed in running and felt smug/ accomplished./ The author progressed to run 5km and felt a sense of achievement. 5．(OPEN) / Yes, they matter because they can build confidence and bring a sense of achievement./ Yes, because every small victory is one more step closer to the ultimate goal. Passage 4 1．The pleasure of gardening and preparing food, and the connection between a healthy body and a healthy environment./(That) gardening/cooking brings pleasure and that health and environment are connected. 2．They turned a parking lot into a garden and(renovated) an old cafeteria into a kitchen. 3．Grew./Planted./Nurtured./Farmed. 4．The effects of the program on the students./ What students have benefited from the project./Students have benefited a lot from the project. 5．Yes, because it offers hands-on experience in gardening and cooking, teaches sustainability, helps develop healthier eating habits and contributes to a greener school environment./... it would be fun to grow my own food, learn practical skills, and understand health and sustainability better. Passage 5 1．Because of his confidence and earnestness. 2．They were panicked and worried about the safety of their farm and annoyed at the young man’s being lazy. 3．The specific preparations the young man had done for the storm. 4．He had prepared for the storm in advance. 5．He is far sighted and responsible, because the young man made all kinds of preparations in advance for the storm. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 阅读表达 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·天津河东·期末）I remember him on his first day in the sixth grade. He was the only black face in a sea of white. A few days later, he had yet to connect with anyone. Our teacher asked me to talk to him. So I went over to him and said, “Hi.” He replied, “Hi.” And that was it for day one. The next day, “What’s up?” “Not much.” We added a word or two each day until full sentences were formed, and then a paragraph. Soon we became good friends and our friendship survived new friendships and small arguments. One day, with nothing better to do, we played jokes on each other. When it was my turn, I expressed criticism of his choice of clothing. He was laughing as hard as I was. Strangely enough,I remember so much about that day except in what context (语境) the N-word (rude word for a black person) was used. My purposes were not to wound him obviously. He was my best friend. But the look on his face told me otherwise. It was a few days before we spoke again. Although we insisted we’d be friends forever, I never saw him after high school. It may not have had anything to do with what I said, or it may have had everything. By that point, we weren’t intimate enough for me to ask any more. Several days ago, there was a near race riot (暴动) during a high school basketball game, and angry teenagers shouted several rude words. These words brought back a flood of memories. All I wonder is if these kids will ever feel as bad as I did for using such a rude word. It’s a curse (诅咒) word, but the real curse is on the person who uses it. 1．What does the first paragraph talk about? (no more than 10 words) 2．What happened to the author’s friend according to Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words) 3．What does the underlined word “intimate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in English? (1 word) 4．What reminded the author of his unpleasant memories? (no more than 10 words) 5．What can we learn from the story between the author and his friend? (no more than 20 words) Passage 2 （24-25高二下·天津河西·期末）阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 Growing up, I idealized independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research program and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve. As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures. During my second year, I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear. During my third year, I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds, I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments. By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. My adviser and I devised a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialized training. I worked extensively with other students, constantly asked questions, and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab. My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasizing the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data. By learning when to ask for help, I eventually found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist. 1．What did the author want to develop according to paragraph 1? (no more than 5 words) 2．In the beginning, what drove the author to push forward with the research plan? (no more than 10 words) 3．What was the solution by the adviser and the author after those repeated failures? (no more than 15 words) 4．Why did the adviser consider the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success? (no more than 10 words) 5．From this story, what can you learn about “independence”? (no more than 15 words) Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津南开·期末）阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware (漆器) skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. Born in Toulouse, Vincent has been living in southwest China for more than a decade. With the influence of French artists Jean Dunand and Gaston Suisse, his journey to unravel the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started. “I studied their artworks and often wondered why they used Chinese lacquer. In those days, lacquer could not be found in France.” said the artist. Native to Asia, lacquer trees are planted and tapped for their liquid. It is almost impossible to find lacquer trees in Europe. So, instead of continually transporting lacquer back to France, Vincent chose to send himself to China. Having explored his connections with lacquer over the years, the artist also learned a range of techniques, which he integrated into his own artworks. To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (自治州) in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. In fact, he actually met two lacquerware craftsmen, who taught him almost everything they knew. “I used to know about lacquerware of Yi just by looking at it. But I had never seen the Yi people before. I have never heard their language. I've never seen their villages. It’s only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture.” said Vincent. This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. After seeing Vincent’s exhibition, Liu Guanzhong, a professor at the School of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University said, “What he presents is China in his eyes. Vincent has explored a path: the ideas of a modern artist, but rooting the ancient skills in modern life. He finds new soil for an old seed to bloom into a new flower.” 1．What is Vincent devoted to according to the text? (no more than 15 words) 2．What does the underlined word “unravel” in paragraph 2 mean? (1 word) 3．Why did Vincent travel to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture? (no more than 10 words) 4．How did the field trip to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture benefit Vincent? (no more than 15 words) 5．In your opinion, what should artists do to develop art better? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words) Passage 4 （24-25高二下·天津蓟州·期末）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I am a 45-year-old man, married and have a successful career as a lawyer. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools. My turning point came when I joined a music band. Playing the guitar became my voice when words failed. At first, my fingers trembled and I couldn’t press the strings correctly. Yet, through daily practice, I could play melodies that expressed emotions I couldn’t put into words. Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with music. And my confidence came along. I got my next lesson from long-distance running. In the beginning, running even one kilometer made me tired. My legs hurt, and I wanted to stop. But I set small goals. Each week, I ran a little farther. After about two years of running, I found myself training for a long-distance running race. I learned that the more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate. Having gone through the long process with music, running, reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting. 1．What made the author’s school days difficult? (no more than 5 words) 2．Why did music give the author confidence? (no more than 10 words) 3．What lesson did the author learn from long-distance running? (no more than 15 words) 4．What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (no more than 5 words) 5．How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (no more than 20 words) Passage 5 （24-25高二下·天津·期末） Do you think cookies can tell stories? Jasmine Cho, 35, does. A baker, artist, entrepreneur and activist, Cho tries to spread knowledge about social justice issues and diversity through the delicious medium of cookies. It was in high school that she discovered her love of baking. At a sleepover a friend taught her how to make a dessert, “sort of demystifying baking and that whole process”. Later, Cho realized her second passion: learning more about her Asian, American culture. An elective in college that taught Asian-American immigrant experiences brought an emotional moment for her. “So many emotions came up that I just couldn’t articulate. It was like this mix of anger, of relief, empowerment, sadness...” Cho said. Cho realized she could combine these two passions to educate others about influential Asian American people and showcase matters that were important to her. With her online bakery, she designed cookie portraits about people she admired and posted the images on Instagram. “I don’t think I ever really knew how to communicate these stories until I found cookies,” Cho said. “Cookies are just so disarming. Who doesn’t like cookies?” One cookie that Cho has identified with deeply is one she made of George Helm, a Hawaiian activist in the 1970s. “It’s insane the amount of injustice that the native Hawaiian population has faced as well through the whole annexation (吞并) of the kingdom. There were so many horrific stories that I heard about nuclear testing and the fallout (核爆炸后的沉降物) impacting native Hawaiian populations in all of this,” Cho said, “George Helm was one of those activists who really represented the spirituality of the native Hawaiians and the connection to their land, to nature.” Among her amazing cookie art are other political figures such as Larry Itliong, a Filipino-American labor organizer, and pop culture figures such as Keanu Reeves, a Canadian actor. Cho hopes her cookie art continues to inspire people to be creative and think positively. “Instead of trying to think of something new and original, just look inward and see, maybe there’s already a passion or a love that you have,” Cho said. “Use that for something that will serve the world in a better way.” 1．What inspired Cho to take an interest in Asian-American culture?(No more than 10 words) 2．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 mean? (No more than 3 words) 3．Why does Cho think cookies are a useful tool to promote Asian-American culture? (No more than 10 words) 4．What is the author’s dream about her cookies art? (No more than 10 words) 5．How are you inspired by the story? Put it in your own words. (No more than 25words) Passage 1 （24-25高二下·天津·期末）阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。 Soldier Cui Xinze’s mission is to guard the pipeline that transports refined oil from Golmud in Qinghai to Lhasa in Tibet Autonomous Region, a vital artery (干线) that is called a “lifeline” for Tibet. His day begins with a three-hour patrol to check for leaks (泄露) along the pipeline, which crosses rivers and ravines (沟壑) in the mountainous region. If something appears abnormal, he and his team have to walk 30 kilometers to patrol the area for which they’re responsible. The oxygen concentration on the plateau is just half of that on the plains. “Although we lack oxygen, we never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline as soldiers,” says the 39-year-old, who began his mission at the age of 19. The job is more than just simply conducting a daily patrol. Sometimes when a spillage (泄露) occurs, it can mean extreme danger, and it requires the guards to plug (堵) the leak and expose themselves to possible fires. Apart from a lack of oxygen, they have to struggle with the bitter cold. The temperature can fall as low as -40 ℃ in winter and they have to patrol regularly, despite the strong wind and snow. Although it’s summer, the station where Cui is based has its heating system on. “Compared with the physical pain we have to endure, the loneliness is more painful,” says Zhao Weiqiang, a soldier who has worked with Cui for 10 years. Day after day, they walk the same route, do the same exercise and even have the same meals, since food is not easy to transport to their station. Now they’re trying to cultivate vegetables and raise animals at their station to help alleviate the tedium (单调乏味). Despite the drawbacks, they still carry their sense of duty. “To guard the pipeline is our mission and I’m proud to do it,” says Zhao. 1．What’s the danger pipeline soldiers may face when a spillage occurs? (no more than 5 words) 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? (no more than 8 words) 3．Why do pipeline soldiers feel lonely? (no more than 6 words) 4．What does the underlined word “alleviate” in the last paragraph probably mean? (1 word) 5．What do you think of these pipeline soldiers? Please explain. (no more than 20 words） Passage 2 （24-25高二下·天津西青·期末）阅读下列短文并回答问题。 This is a true story. One winter morning near Oxford, Maryland, a friend of mine set the breakfast table beside a large window with a view of the Tred Avon River. Across the river, beyond the dock, the snow covered the edge of the shore in white. For a moment, she stood quietly, looking at what the night’s storm had created. Suddenly, she leaned forward and peered through the icy window, trying to examine what she had seen more carefully. “It really is true,” she cried out loud. “There is a goose out there.” She saw a large Canadian goose, very still, its wings held tightly to its sides, and its feet stuck to the ice. From the dark skies, a group of swans (天鹅) appeared, flying in a straight line. They moved gracefully, bravely, and freely. Suddenly, they came down from the sky and surrounded the frozen goose. Seeing this, my friend feared the swans might hurt the goose with their strong beaks (鸟喙). Instead, their beaks began to break the ice around the goose. Eventually, the goose was surrounded by a small area of ice instead of being stuck in the frozen river. The swans flew up again, circling above, waiting to see if their work had helped. The goose lifted its head, pulled its body free, and stood on the ice. Four swans came down again, cleaning the goose’s wings with their beaks and removing the ice stuck to its feathers. The goose stretched its wings as far as it could. When its wings were fully open, the swans flew back up and continued their journey. Behind them, the goose rose into the sky with joy and joined the end of the elegant line. My friend was moved to tears. Even birds help those in trouble. I often think of this story and remind myself, “If birds can do this, why can’t humans?” 1．What does the underlined word “peered” mean in the first paragraph? (no more than 2 words) 2．What was wrong with the goose? (no more than 10 words) 3．What did the swans do when they surrounded the goose? (no more than 15 words) 4．How did the swans help the goose after it stood up? (no more than 15 words) 5．What lesson does the story of the goose teach you for the future? (no more than 20 words) Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津南开·期末）阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。 I may not be a “bad” runner, but I am slow. The farthest I have ever run is 6km, and it happened because I was going to a pub at the other end. When you first start running, people get you excited about experiencing the “runner’s high”, that magical, physiological (生理的) sense of extreme excitement you get from really pushing your body. I’ve never run fast enough, or far enough, to get close to that extraordinary phenomenon, but what I have experienced, however, is the “runner’s smugness (自鸣得意)”. I’ve been running now for four years. I had tried to become a runner before, downloading the Couch to 5K app. I thought maybe this was something that could help my anxiety, too. But it didn’t stick. It felt impossible to jog for a whole minute. Plus, there were just too many other, less horrible-feeling things I could be doing. That changed in 2020. Suddenly, I had too much time and increasing anxiety that I needed to get on top of it. So I reopened the app and started running again. Over time, I got better. I could run for a minute, no problem. Then three, then five, and then eight. Finally, I did it: I reached the 5 km mark. It was slow. I certainly stopped several times. I got home and collapsed straight into an armchair. And so there lies the smugness: I did something. I managed to put on my sneakers and running outfit, leave the house for 30 minutes and go for a run. Over the years, I’ve noticed that running reduces my anxiety. On a particularly anxious day, running can help me get out of my head or, at the very least, give me something else to do for half an hour. For me, running isn’t about the “runner’s high”. It’s about the small, everyday achievement of doing something I know will make me feel better in the long run. Feeling smug about these little wins is enough. 1．What is “runner’s high” according to the passage?(no more than 10 words) 2．Why did the author first start running?(no more than 15 words) 3．What does the underlined phrase “get on top of” in Paragraph 4 mean?(no more than 3 words) 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?(no more than 15 words) 5．Do you think “little wins” matters? Why or why not?(no more than 20 words) Passage 4 （24-25高二下·天津和平·期末）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden? Many people have not had the pleasure of this experience. Alice Waters, the owner of a restaurant, set out to change all that for a special group of students at a middle school. Waters worked with the school’s principal to create a cooking and gardening program at the school. Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from. She also believes that there is a strong relationship between food, health, and the environment. Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they cultivated. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand. The project that Waters began took a lot of time and patience. She relied on the help of teachers, students, and community volunteers to turn a parking lot into a garden. At the same time, renovation was begun to turn an old cafeteria into a kitchen where students could prepare foods and share meals with their teachers. Then, the first usable crops were planted. They included various vegetables. In the following year they brought the addition of plants. Every year since then, new crops are added and old crops are assessed to make sure that they are best suited for the environment and the needs of the school. Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to weed, prune, and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. They also know how to enrich the soil through composting, a process in which leftover scraps of fruits and vegetables are used as fertilizer. Many have discovered that they like fruits and vegetables that they had never before been willing to try. Alice Waters dreams that one day there will be a garden in every school. She hopes that school lunches can be prepared using the produce from the gardens and other locally-grown organic produce. 1．What were the school children supposed to learn from Waters’ gardening and cooking program?(No more than 20 words) 2．What preparation(s) did they make before the project?(Within 15 words.) 3．What does the underlined word in the 2nd paragraph mean? (1 word.) 4．What’s mainly described in the 5th paragraph? (Within 10 words.) 5．If there were a similar project in your school, would you like to take part in it? Why or why not? (Within about 25 words.) Passage 5 （24-25高二下·天津和平·期末）阅读表达 A young man, full of vitality and determination, applied for a job as a farmhand. When the farmer, inquired about his qualifications, the young man uttered: ‌“I can sleep through a storm.” This puzzling response left the farmer in a state of bewilderment (搞不清状况). However, his confidence and earnestness in his eyes that made the farmer decide to give him a chance. So, he hired the young man, curious to see what lay behind his claim. A few weeks glided by uneventfully. Then, one night, the farmer and his wife were jolted awake by a fierce storm. The howling wind tore through the valley like a wild beast, and the thunderous roars of thunder seemed to shake the very foundation of their house. In a panic, the farmer leapt out of bed, his heart pounding wildly, and rushed to call for his newly hired hand. But to his astonishment, the young man was snoring loudly, undisturbed by the chaos outside. Despite his initial annoyance, the farmer knew he had to act quickly. Together with his wife, they began to check everything on the farm. They discovered that the shutters, which could have been easily ripped off by the powerful wind, had been securely fastened. Next to the fireplace, a generous supply of logs had been neatly piled, ready to keep them warm in case the power went out. As they inspected their property further, they found that the farm tools, which were vulnerable to the elements, had been carefully placed in the storage shed. The belts of wheat, which could have been ruined by the rain, had been bound and wrapped in tarpaulins (防水布). The tractor, a valuable asset, had been safely moved into its garage. The barn was locked tight, and even the animals were calm and had an ample supply of feed. It was then that the farmer finally got the profound meaning of the young man’s words. ‌“I can sleep through a storm”, which meant that he had anticipated the potential dangers of a storm and had taken all the necessary precautions. He had done his job loyally and faithfully, leaving no room for worry or chaos. The moral holds that in our lives preparation and diligence during peaceful times arc the keys to achieving peace and security during difficulties. if we are proactive and equipped to face any challenges that come our way. our futures can be safeguarded, enabling us to sleep soundly, even when the metaphorical storms of life rage outside. 1．Why did the farmer decide to hire the young man despite being confused by his statement?  (no more than 10 words) 2．When the storm hit how did the farmer and his wife feel initially? And why? (no more than 20 words) 3．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? (no more than 15 words) 4．What did the farmer finally understand about the young man’s statement "I can sleep through a storm”? (no more than 15 words) 5．In your opinion, what kind of person is the young man? And why? (no more than 20 words) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 阅读表达 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·天津河东·期末）I remember him on his first day in the sixth grade. He was the only black face in a sea of white. A few days later, he had yet to connect with anyone. Our teacher asked me to talk to him. So I went over to him and said, “Hi.” He replied, “Hi.” And that was it for day one. The next day, “What’s up?” “Not much.” We added a word or two each day until full sentences were formed, and then a paragraph. Soon we became good friends and our friendship survived new friendships and small arguments. One day, with nothing better to do, we played jokes on each other. When it was my turn, I expressed criticism of his choice of clothing. He was laughing as hard as I was. Strangely enough,I remember so much about that day except in what context (语境) the N-word (rude word for a black person) was used. My purposes were not to wound him obviously. He was my best friend. But the look on his face told me otherwise. It was a few days before we spoke again. Although we insisted we’d be friends forever, I never saw him after high school. It may not have had anything to do with what I said, or it may have had everything. By that point, we weren’t intimate enough for me to ask any more. Several days ago, there was a near race riot (暴动) during a high school basketball game, and angry teenagers shouted several rude words. These words brought back a flood of memories. All I wonder is if these kids will ever feel as bad as I did for using such a rude word. It’s a curse (诅咒) word, but the real curse is on the person who uses it. 1．What does the first paragraph talk about? (no more than 10 words) 2．What happened to the author’s friend according to Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words) 3．What does the underlined word “intimate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in English? (1 word) 4．What reminded the author of his unpleasant memories? (no more than 10 words) 5．What can we learn from the story between the author and his friend? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．How the author got to know his friend. 2．His friend was badly hurt by the author’s words. 3．Close./ Familiar. 4．Several rude words said by the angry teenagers. 5．We should be careful with our words to avoid hurting others. (开放式话题，答案合理即可。) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者与六年级时唯一的黑人同学从相识到成为好友，后因作者使用不礼貌词汇导致友谊出现裂痕，多年后回忆此事仍感愧疚的故事。 1．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“I remember him on his first day in the sixth grade. He was the only black face in a sea of white. A few days later, he had yet to connect with anyone. Our teacher asked me to talk to him. So I went over to him and said, “Hi.” He replied, “Hi.” And that was it for day one. The next day, “What’s up?” “Not much.” We added a word or two each day until full sentences were formed, and then a paragraph.(我还记得他上六年级的第一天。在一片白人面孔中，他是唯一的黑人孩子。几天后，他仍未和任何人建立起联系。老师让我去跟他聊聊。于是我走到他面前，说了声“嗨”。他回了句“嗨”。第一天的交流就只有这些。第二天，我问“还好吗？”他答“还行。”我们每天都比前一天多聊一两个词，直到能说完整的句子，后来甚至能聊上一段话。)”可知，第一段主要讲述作者是如何认识他的朋友的。故答案为How the author got to know his friend. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Strangely enough, I remember so much about that day except in what context (语境) the N-word (rude word for a black person) was used. My purposes were not to wound him obviously. He was my best friend. But the look on his face told me otherwise. (说来也怪，那天的很多细节我都记得清清楚楚，唯独想不起那个 N 字（对黑人的侮辱性称呼）是在什么语境下说出口的。显然，我并非有意要伤害他 —— 他是我最好的朋友。但他脸上的神情却告诉我，情况并非如此。)”可知，作者说了对黑人侮辱性的话语，由此可知，作者的朋友被作者的话深深伤害了。故答案为His friend was badly hurt by the author’s words. 3．考查词义猜测。根据第三段“Although we insisted we’d be friends forever, I never saw him after high school. It may not have had anything to do with what I said, or it may have had everything. By that point, we weren’t intimate enough for me to ask any more. (尽管我们曾坚称会永远是朋友，但高中毕业后我就再也没见过他了。这或许与我当初说的话毫无关系，又或许完全是因为那句话。到了那个时候，我们的关系已经没那么……了，我再也没机会问个究竟。)”可知，作者在高中毕业后再也没有见过他，不知道是不是因为当初所说的那句话，此时已没有机会问个究竟，由此可知，此处表示两个人的关系不够“亲密”了，所以，“intimate”的意思与“亲密的”意义相近。故答案为Close./ Familiar. 4．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Several days ago, there was a near race riot during a high school basketball game, and angry teenagers shouted several rude words. These words brought back a flood of memories. (几天前，一场高中篮球赛中差点发生种族暴动，愤怒的青少年们喊出了一些粗鲁的话。这些话勾起了我一连串的回忆。)”可知，愤怒青少年喊的粗鲁话语让作者想起了不愉快的回忆。故答案为Several rude words said by the angry teenagers. 5．开放回答题。本题为开放性试题，答案合理即可。结合故事中作者因使用不礼貌词汇伤害朋友并感到愧疚，可总结出“说话时应当谨慎，以免伤害到他人”的启示。故答案为We should be careful with our words to avoid hurting others. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·天津河西·期末）阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 Growing up, I idealized independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research program and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve. As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures. During my second year, I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear. During my third year, I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds, I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments. By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. My adviser and I devised a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialized training. I worked extensively with other students, constantly asked questions, and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab. My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasizing the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data. By learning when to ask for help, I eventually found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist. 1．What did the author want to develop according to paragraph 1? (no more than 5 words) 2．In the beginning, what drove the author to push forward with the research plan? (no more than 10 words) 3．What was the solution by the adviser and the author after those repeated failures? (no more than 15 words) 4．Why did the adviser consider the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success? (no more than 10 words) 5．From this story, what can you learn about “independence”? (no more than 15 words) 【答案】1．A novel research program. 2．The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 3．The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialized training. 4．Because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others. 5．From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealized and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning than to seek help. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾执着于独立读研，却屡遭失败。后在合作实验室学习，学会求助，终获成果，明白合作助力独立科研。 1．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Growing up, I idealized independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research program and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve.(在成长过程中，我一直将独立视为一种理想状态。我总是希望自己付出的努力就能带来成功。当我决定攻读研究生学位时，我希望能制定出一个新颖的研究计划，并迅速确立自己作为独立科学家的地位。但我对自身能够取得的成就抱有不切实际的乐观态度)”可知，根据第一段可知，作者想要开发一项新颖的研究项目。故答案为A novel research program. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan.(但我对独立性的渴望促使我继续推进我的研究计划)”可知，起初需要被视为独立科学家的认可促使作者推进研究计划。故答案为The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“My adviser and I devised a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialized training.(我的导师和我共同想出了一个颇为独特的解决办法：我将在一个合作实验室里待上三个月，以接受专业培训)”可知，在经历了多次失败之后，最终作者将在合作实验室工作三个月以获得专业培训。故答案为The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialized training. 4．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasizing the collaborating skills I acquired.(我的导师将这次经历视为一项具有开创性的成功案例，并着重强调了我所培养的协作能力)”可知，导师认为作者在实验室中的经历堪称重大成功是因为作者是通过与他人合作而掌握了合作技能的。故答案为Because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others. 5．考查开放题。根据“从这个故事中，你能了解到关于‘独立’的什么内容？”可回答：从这个故事中，我们了解到，虽然独立最初被理想化并被热烈追求，但真正的独立往往意味着认识到合作的价值，并学会主动寻求帮助。故答案为From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealized and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning than to seek help. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津南开·期末）阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware (漆器) skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. Born in Toulouse, Vincent has been living in southwest China for more than a decade. With the influence of French artists Jean Dunand and Gaston Suisse, his journey to unravel the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started. “I studied their artworks and often wondered why they used Chinese lacquer. In those days, lacquer could not be found in France.” said the artist. Native to Asia, lacquer trees are planted and tapped for their liquid. It is almost impossible to find lacquer trees in Europe. So, instead of continually transporting lacquer back to France, Vincent chose to send himself to China. Having explored his connections with lacquer over the years, the artist also learned a range of techniques, which he integrated into his own artworks. To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (自治州) in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. In fact, he actually met two lacquerware craftsmen, who taught him almost everything they knew. “I used to know about lacquerware of Yi just by looking at it. But I had never seen the Yi people before. I have never heard their language. I've never seen their villages. It’s only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture.” said Vincent. This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. After seeing Vincent’s exhibition, Liu Guanzhong, a professor at the School of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University said, “What he presents is China in his eyes. Vincent has explored a path: the ideas of a modern artist, but rooting the ancient skills in modern life. He finds new soil for an old seed to bloom into a new flower.” 1．What is Vincent devoted to according to the text? (no more than 15 words) 2．What does the underlined word “unravel” in paragraph 2 mean? (1 word) 3．Why did Vincent travel to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture? (no more than 10 words) 4．How did the field trip to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture benefit Vincent? (no more than 15 words) 5．In your opinion, what should artists do to develop art better? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．Vincent is devoted to integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware with Western modern art techniques. 2．Discover/Uncover/Unfold/Reveal/Explore. 3．To learn more about lacquer craftsmanship. 4．It made him understand Yi culture and get new inspiration for his exhibition. 5．Artists should explore diverse cultures and techniques to enrich their creative expressions. 【导语】本文是一篇人物专访，文章介绍了法国艺术家文森特・卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）在中国四川的艺术探索经历，他将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法相融合，深入研究彝族漆器工艺，并从中获得创作灵感，其作品体现了对中西艺术结合的探索。 【详解】1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. (在四川省，长期居住的法国艺术家文森特・卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）正将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法融入自己的创作中)”可知，文森特致力于将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法相结合，故答案为Vincent is devoted to integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware with Western modern art techniques. 2．考查词义猜测。根据文章第二段“his journey to … the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started (他开始了……中国漆器秘密的旅程，并且对漆器艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣)”可知划线词下文提到了中国漆器秘密的旅程，还提到了对漆器艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣，可推理出“unravel”在这里是 “揭开、发现、探索”等意思，故答案为Discover/ Uncover/ Unfold/ Reveal/ Explore. 3．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. (为了深入研究漆器艺术，文森特前往四川省凉山彝族自治州，那里的漆器工艺闻名遐迩)”可知，文森特去凉山彝族自治州是为了更多地了解漆器工艺，故答案为To learn more about lacquer craftsmanship. 4．考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“It’s only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture. (只有当我来到这里，我才感受到他们文化的力量)”以及第六段“This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. (这次实地考察为这位艺术家的展览带来了新的灵感)”可知，这次凉山之行让他了解了彝族文化，并为他的展览获得了新灵感，故答案为It made him understand Yi culture and get new inspiration for his exhibition. 5．考查阅读表达。根据文章第一段“In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. (在四川省，长期居住的法国艺术家文森特・卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）正将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法融入自己的创作中)”、第四段“To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. (为了深入研究漆器艺术，文森特前往四川省凉山彝族自治州，那里的漆器工艺闻名遐迩)”以及第六段“This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. (这次实地考察为这位艺术家的展览带来了新的灵感)”可知，文森特融合中西艺术、深入研究传统文化并获得灵感，可推理出艺术家应探索多样的文化与技法，以丰富其艺术表达，故答案为Artists should explore diverse cultures and techniques to enrich their creative expressions. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·天津蓟州·期末）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I am a 45-year-old man, married and have a successful career as a lawyer. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools. My turning point came when I joined a music band. Playing the guitar became my voice when words failed. At first, my fingers trembled and I couldn’t press the strings correctly. Yet, through daily practice, I could play melodies that expressed emotions I couldn’t put into words. Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with music. And my confidence came along. I got my next lesson from long-distance running. In the beginning, running even one kilometer made me tired. My legs hurt, and I wanted to stop. But I set small goals. Each week, I ran a little farther. After about two years of running, I found myself training for a long-distance running race. I learned that the more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate. Having gone through the long process with music, running, reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting. 1．What made the author’s school days difficult? (no more than 5 words) 2．Why did music give the author confidence? (no more than 10 words) 3．What lesson did the author learn from long-distance running? (no more than 15 words) 4．What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (no more than 5 words) 5．How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．His learning disability. 2．Because he could express himself with music. 3．The more you practice, the better at something you will be. 4．He could read and write. 5．We can overcome difficulties by practicing and not giving up. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从童年学习障碍到通过音乐、跑步、阅读和写作等经历逐步建立自信、克服困难并取得个人成长的过程。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.(但我的人生并非一直如此顺遂。我从小就有学习障碍，曾就读于一所特殊学校，在那里得到了很多额外帮助。尽管如此，在公立学校的剩余求学时光里，我依然过得很艰难)”可知，作者的学习障碍让自己的求学时光非常艰难。故答案为His learning disability. 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with music. And my confidence came along.(在这里，我学到了人生重要的第一课：尽管我在语言方面有障碍，但我依然可以很聪明，依然能用音乐很好地表达自己。随之而来的，是我的自信心)”可知，作者发现自己可以用音乐表达自己，继而有了自信心。故答案为Because he could express himself with music. 3．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“In the beginning, running even one kilometer made me tired. My legs hurt, and I wanted to stop. But I set small goals. Each week, I ran a little farther. After about two years of running, I found myself training for a long-distance running race. I learned that the more you practice something, the better at it you will become.(一开始，哪怕只跑一公里都让我疲惫不堪。双腿酸痛时，我总想放弃。但我为自己设定了小目标，每周都多跑一点。坚持跑步约两年后，我竟然开始为一场长跑比赛做训练了。我明白了：一件事，你练习得越多，就会做得越好)”可知，通过长跑，作者明白了练习得越多，就可以做得越好。故答案为The more you practice, the better at something you will be. 4．考查词义猜测。根据划线单词所在语境“Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.(后来，我决定把之前的经验运用到读写学习中。过去我总是尽可能回避读写，而现在，我每天都坚持练习。经过两年的刻苦努力，我I was literate)”以及上文弹吉他和长跑的经历可推测，经过两年的刻苦努力，作者可以读写了。故答案为He could read and write. 5．开放题。要求考生谈谈作者的故事如何激励自己克服生活中的困难，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为We can overcome difficulties by practicing and not giving up. Passage 5 （24-25高二下·天津·期末） Do you think cookies can tell stories? Jasmine Cho, 35, does. A baker, artist, entrepreneur and activist, Cho tries to spread knowledge about social justice issues and diversity through the delicious medium of cookies. It was in high school that she discovered her love of baking. At a sleepover a friend taught her how to make a dessert, “sort of demystifying baking and that whole process”. Later, Cho realized her second passion: learning more about her Asian, American culture. An elective in college that taught Asian-American immigrant experiences brought an emotional moment for her. “So many emotions came up that I just couldn’t articulate. It was like this mix of anger, of relief, empowerment, sadness...” Cho said. Cho realized she could combine these two passions to educate others about influential Asian American people and showcase matters that were important to her. With her online bakery, she designed cookie portraits about people she admired and posted the images on Instagram. “I don’t think I ever really knew how to communicate these stories until I found cookies,” Cho said. “Cookies are just so disarming. Who doesn’t like cookies?” One cookie that Cho has identified with deeply is one she made of George Helm, a Hawaiian activist in the 1970s. “It’s insane the amount of injustice that the native Hawaiian population has faced as well through the whole annexation (吞并) of the kingdom. There were so many horrific stories that I heard about nuclear testing and the fallout (核爆炸后的沉降物) impacting native Hawaiian populations in all of this,” Cho said, “George Helm was one of those activists who really represented the spirituality of the native Hawaiians and the connection to their land, to nature.” Among her amazing cookie art are other political figures such as Larry Itliong, a Filipino-American labor organizer, and pop culture figures such as Keanu Reeves, a Canadian actor. Cho hopes her cookie art continues to inspire people to be creative and think positively. “Instead of trying to think of something new and original, just look inward and see, maybe there’s already a passion or a love that you have,” Cho said. “Use that for something that will serve the world in a better way.” 1．What inspired Cho to take an interest in Asian-American culture?(No more than 10 words) 2．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 mean? (No more than 3 words) 3．Why does Cho think cookies are a useful tool to promote Asian-American culture? (No more than 10 words) 4．What is the author’s dream about her cookies art? (No more than 10 words) 5．How are you inspired by the story? Put it in your own words. (No more than 25words) 【答案】1．An/One elective course she took at college. 2．Express/Convey/Communicate. 3．Because she thinks cookies are liked by many people. Or: Because she thinks everyone likes cookies. Because she thinks nobody dislikes cookies. 4．To inspire people to be creative and think positively. 5．I will look inward to discover my passion or love and make full use of what I have to make a better world. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jasmine Cho用烘焙技术制作饼干，设计饼干肖像，促进亚裔美国文化。 1．考查细节理解。根据第四段“An elective in college that taught Asian-American immigrant experiences brought an emotional moment for her.(大学里的一门课程——讲述亚裔美国移民经历的课程——让她经历了一次情感上的触动)”可知，在大学选修的一门课程促使Cho对亚裔美国人文化产生了兴趣。故答案为An/One elective course she took at college. 2．考查词句猜测。根据划线词上文“So many emotions came up”以及后文““It was like this mix of anger, of relief, empowerment, sadness...” Cho said. (“那种情绪就像混合着愤怒、解脱、力量感和悲伤……”Cho说道。)”可知，情绪太多无法用言语来表达/传达/交流。故划线词意思是“用言语来表达/传达/交流”。故答案为Express/Convey/Communicate. 3．考查细节理解。根据第五段““Cookies are just so disarming. Who doesn’t like cookies?”(Cho说，“饼干实在是太有吸引力了。谁不喜欢饼干呢？”)”可知，Cho认为饼干是推广亚裔美国人文化的有效手段是因为她认为很多人喜欢饼干。或者：因为她认为每个人都喜欢饼干。因为她认为没有人不喜欢饼干。故答案为Because she thinks cookies are liked by many people. Or: Because she thinks everyone likes cookies. Because she thinks nobody dislikes cookies. 4．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Cho hopes her cookie art continues to inspire people to be creative and think positively.(Cho希望她的饼干艺术能够继续激励人们发挥创造力，保持积极的心态)”可知，作者希望她的饼干艺术作品可以激发人们发挥创造力并保持积极的心态。故答案为To inspire people to be creative and think positively. 5．考查开放题。根据“你从这个故事中获得了怎样的启发？请用你自己的话来表达。”可回答：我会从内心探寻自己的热情或热爱，并充分利用我所拥有的去创造一个更美好的世界。故答案为I will look inward to discover my passion or love and make full use of what I have to make a better world. Passage 1 （24-25高二下·天津·期末）阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。 Soldier Cui Xinze’s mission is to guard the pipeline that transports refined oil from Golmud in Qinghai to Lhasa in Tibet Autonomous Region, a vital artery (干线) that is called a “lifeline” for Tibet. His day begins with a three-hour patrol to check for leaks (泄露) along the pipeline, which crosses rivers and ravines (沟壑) in the mountainous region. If something appears abnormal, he and his team have to walk 30 kilometers to patrol the area for which they’re responsible. The oxygen concentration on the plateau is just half of that on the plains. “Although we lack oxygen, we never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline as soldiers,” says the 39-year-old, who began his mission at the age of 19. The job is more than just simply conducting a daily patrol. Sometimes when a spillage (泄露) occurs, it can mean extreme danger, and it requires the guards to plug (堵) the leak and expose themselves to possible fires. Apart from a lack of oxygen, they have to struggle with the bitter cold. The temperature can fall as low as -40 ℃ in winter and they have to patrol regularly, despite the strong wind and snow. Although it’s summer, the station where Cui is based has its heating system on. “Compared with the physical pain we have to endure, the loneliness is more painful,” says Zhao Weiqiang, a soldier who has worked with Cui for 10 years. Day after day, they walk the same route, do the same exercise and even have the same meals, since food is not easy to transport to their station. Now they’re trying to cultivate vegetables and raise animals at their station to help alleviate the tedium (单调乏味). Despite the drawbacks, they still carry their sense of duty. “To guard the pipeline is our mission and I’m proud to do it,” says Zhao. 1．What’s the danger pipeline soldiers may face when a spillage occurs? (no more than 5 words) 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? (no more than 8 words) 3．Why do pipeline soldiers feel lonely? (no more than 6 words) 4．What does the underlined word “alleviate” in the last paragraph probably mean? (1 word) 5．What do you think of these pipeline soldiers? Please explain. (no more than 20 words） 【答案】1．They may get burnt. Or: They may face possible fires. Or: They may lose their lives. 2．Cui works in an extremely cold environment. Or: Cui’s working environment is extremely cold. 3．Because they live a boring life. Or: Because their life is boring. 4．Ease /Relieve/Reduce. 5．They are responsible. They overcome difficulties and risk their lives to protect the pipeline, which shows their sense of duty. Or: They are devoted. Despite hard working conditions, they never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline . 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了崔新泽等士兵守卫青藏成品油管道，每日巡逻、应对泄漏，忍受缺氧、严寒与孤独，仍坚守使命，但是他们仍然为这份工作自豪。 1．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Sometimes when a spillage (泄露) occurs, it can mean extreme danger, and it requires the guards to plug (堵) the leak and expose themselves to possible fires.(有时一旦发生泄漏，就可能意味着极其严重的危险，这时就需要守卫人员去堵住泄漏点，并冒着可能引发火灾的风险进行作业)”可知，一旦发生泄漏，管道士兵可能会被烧伤。或者：他们可能会面临可能发生的火灾。或者：他们可能会失去生命。故答案为They may get burnt. Or: They may face possible fires. Or: They may lose their lives. 2．考查主旨大意。根据第五段“Apart from a lack of oxygen, they have to struggle with the bitter cold. The temperature can fall as low as -40 ℃ in winter and they have to patrol regularly, despite the strong wind and snow. Although it’s summer, the station where Cui is based has its heating system on.(除了缺氧的问题之外，他们还得应对严寒的天气。冬季时气温会低至零下40摄氏度，而他们仍需定期巡逻，尽管风雪很大。尽管现在是夏天，但崔所在的站点却启用了供暖系统)”可知，第五段的主要观点是崔工作在一个极其寒冷的环境中。或者：崔的工作环境极其寒冷。故答案为Cui works in an extremely cold environment. Or: Cui’s working environment is extremely cold. 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Day after day, they walk the same route, do the same exercise and even have the same meals, since food is not easy to transport to their station.(日复一日，他们沿着相同的路线行走，做着同样的训练，甚至吃着同样的饭菜，因为食物很难运送到他们的站点)”可知，管道工人会感到孤独是因为他们过着枯燥的生活。或者：因为他们的生活很枯燥。故答案为Because they live a boring life. Or: Because their life is boring. 4．考查词句猜测。根据最后一段“Compared with the physical pain we have to endure, the loneliness is more painful(与我们必须忍受的肉体上的痛苦相比，孤独所带来的痛苦要更为深重)”以及划线词上文“Now they’re trying to cultivate vegetables and raise animals at their station to help(现在他们正试图在站点里种植蔬菜和饲养动物)”可知，种植蔬菜和饲养动物是为了减轻/缓解/减少孤独感。故划线词意思是“减轻/缓解/减少”。故答案为Ease /Relieve/Reduce. 5．考查开放题。根据“你觉得这些管道工人怎么样？请详细说说。”可回答：他们有责任感。他们克服困难，冒着生命危险保护管道，这体现了他们的责任感。或者：他们很忠诚。尽管工作条件艰苦，但他们从不缺乏守护管道的信念和热情。故答案为They are responsible. They overcome difficulties and risk their lives to protect the pipeline, which shows their sense of duty. Or: They are devoted. Despite hard working conditions, they never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·天津西青·期末）阅读下列短文并回答问题。 This is a true story. One winter morning near Oxford, Maryland, a friend of mine set the breakfast table beside a large window with a view of the Tred Avon River. Across the river, beyond the dock, the snow covered the edge of the shore in white. For a moment, she stood quietly, looking at what the night’s storm had created. Suddenly, she leaned forward and peered through the icy window, trying to examine what she had seen more carefully. “It really is true,” she cried out loud. “There is a goose out there.” She saw a large Canadian goose, very still, its wings held tightly to its sides, and its feet stuck to the ice. From the dark skies, a group of swans (天鹅) appeared, flying in a straight line. They moved gracefully, bravely, and freely. Suddenly, they came down from the sky and surrounded the frozen goose. Seeing this, my friend feared the swans might hurt the goose with their strong beaks (鸟喙). Instead, their beaks began to break the ice around the goose. Eventually, the goose was surrounded by a small area of ice instead of being stuck in the frozen river. The swans flew up again, circling above, waiting to see if their work had helped. The goose lifted its head, pulled its body free, and stood on the ice. Four swans came down again, cleaning the goose’s wings with their beaks and removing the ice stuck to its feathers. The goose stretched its wings as far as it could. When its wings were fully open, the swans flew back up and continued their journey. Behind them, the goose rose into the sky with joy and joined the end of the elegant line. My friend was moved to tears. Even birds help those in trouble. I often think of this story and remind myself, “If birds can do this, why can’t humans?” 1．What does the underlined word “peered” mean in the first paragraph? (no more than 2 words) 2．What was wrong with the goose? (no more than 10 words) 3．What did the swans do when they surrounded the goose? (no more than 15 words) 4．How did the swans help the goose after it stood up? (no more than 15 words) 5．What lesson does the story of the goose teach you for the future? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．Looked closely/carefully. / Examined carefully./ Observed carefully./ Inspected carefully./ Studied closely./Stared./ Examined./ Studied./ Observed. 2．Its feet were frozen, and it couldn’t move. 3．They used their beaks to break the ice around the goose. 4．They cleaned its wings and removed the ice from its feathers. 5．It teaches me to be kind, care for others, and support those in need around me. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群天鹅救助一只被困在冰面上的加拿大鹅的感人故事。 1．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中“Suddenly, she leaned forward and peered through the icy window, trying to examine what she had seen more carefully.(突然，她向前倾身，透过结霜的窗户peered，试图更仔细地观察她看到的东西)”可知，此处描述朋友努力看清窗外景象的动作，划线词peered的意思为“仔细看”。结合语境和语法要求（不超过2词），答案可为Looked closely/carefully. /Examined carefully./Observed carefully./Inspected carefully./Studied closely./Stared./ Examined./Studied./Observed. 2．考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“She saw a large Canadian goose, very still, its wings held tightly to its sides, and its feet stuck to the ice.(她看见一只大加拿大鹅，一动不动，翅膀紧紧地贴在身体两侧，它的脚冻在冰里)”可知，鹅的问题是脚被冰困住无法移动。故答案为 Its feet were frozen, and it couldn’t move. 3．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Instead, their beaks began to break the ice around the goose.(相反，它们用喙打破鹅周围的冰)”可知，天鹅围住鹅后立即展开救助。答案需突出“用喙破冰”的动作，故答案为They used their beaks to break the ice around the goose. 4．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The goose lifted its head, pulled its body free, and stood on the ice. Four swans came down again, cleaning the goose’s wings with their beaks and removing the ice stuck to its feathers.(那只鹅抬起头，挣脱身体，站在冰上。四只天鹅再次飞下，用喙清理鹅的翅膀并去除羽毛上的冰)”可知，天鹅在鹅站立后继续帮助清理残冰。故答案为They cleaned its wings and removed the ice from its feathers. 5．考查主旨归纳。根据最后一段中“Even birds help those in trouble. If birds can do this, why can’t humans?(连鸟类都会帮助困境中的同类，人类更应如此)”可知，故事通过动物互助行为呼吁人类传递善意。故答案为 It teaches me to be kind, care for others, and support those in need around me。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津南开·期末）阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。 I may not be a “bad” runner, but I am slow. The farthest I have ever run is 6km, and it happened because I was going to a pub at the other end. When you first start running, people get you excited about experiencing the “runner’s high”, that magical, physiological (生理的) sense of extreme excitement you get from really pushing your body. I’ve never run fast enough, or far enough, to get close to that extraordinary phenomenon, but what I have experienced, however, is the “runner’s smugness (自鸣得意)”. I’ve been running now for four years. I had tried to become a runner before, downloading the Couch to 5K app. I thought maybe this was something that could help my anxiety, too. But it didn’t stick. It felt impossible to jog for a whole minute. Plus, there were just too many other, less horrible-feeling things I could be doing. That changed in 2020. Suddenly, I had too much time and increasing anxiety that I needed to get on top of it. So I reopened the app and started running again. Over time, I got better. I could run for a minute, no problem. Then three, then five, and then eight. Finally, I did it: I reached the 5 km mark. It was slow. I certainly stopped several times. I got home and collapsed straight into an armchair. And so there lies the smugness: I did something. I managed to put on my sneakers and running outfit, leave the house for 30 minutes and go for a run. Over the years, I’ve noticed that running reduces my anxiety. On a particularly anxious day, running can help me get out of my head or, at the very least, give me something else to do for half an hour. For me, running isn’t about the “runner’s high”. It’s about the small, everyday achievement of doing something I know will make me feel better in the long run. Feeling smug about these little wins is enough. 1．What is “runner’s high” according to the passage?(no more than 10 words) 2．Why did the author first start running?(no more than 15 words) 3．What does the underlined phrase “get on top of” in Paragraph 4 mean?(no more than 3 words) 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?(no more than 15 words) 5．Do you think “little wins” matters? Why or why not?(no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．An extremely excited physiological sense from running hard. / A magical, physiological sense of extreme excitement while running. 2．To help reduce the author’s anxiety. 3．Take control of./ Deal with./ Cope with./ Control./ Manage. 4．The author made progress in running and had a sense of achievement./ The author progressed in running and felt smug/ accomplished./ The author progressed to run 5km and felt a sense of achievement. 5．(OPEN) / Yes, they matter because they can build confidence and bring a sense of achievement./ Yes, because every small victory is one more step closer to the ultimate goal. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从跑步新手起步，在2020年因时间和焦虑重新开始跑步，逐渐达成目标并从中体会到缓解焦虑的效果，对作者来说，跑步的意义在于日常小成就带来的自鸣得意，而非“跑步者的快感”。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“When you first start running, people get you excited about experiencing the “runner’ s high”, that magical, physiological sense of extreme excitement you get from really pushing your body.(当你刚开始跑步时，人们会让你对体验 “跑步者的快感” 充满期待，也就是那种通过真正挑战身体而获得的神奇的、生理性的极度兴奋感。)”可知，“runner’s high” 是跑步时因高强度运动产生的生理兴奋感。故填An extremely excited physiological sense from running hard/A magical, physiological sense of extreme excitement while running。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“I thought maybe this was something that could help my anxiety, too.（我想这或许也能帮助我缓解焦虑。）”可知，作者最初开始跑步的目的是缓解焦虑。故填To help reduce the author’s anxiety. 3．考查词义猜测。根据第四段“That changed in 2020. Suddenly, I had too much time and increasing anxiety that I needed to get on top of it. So I reopened the app and started running again. (2020年情况发生了变化。突然之间，我有了太多的时间，焦虑也与日俱增，我需要get on top of它。于是我重新打开了那个应用程序，再次开始跑步。)”可知，作者再次开始跑步，是为了处理日益增加的焦虑情绪。故“get on top of” 意为 “控制、处理”。故填Take control of. / Deal with./ Cope with./ Control./ Manage。 4．考查主旨大意。根据第五段“Over time, I got better. I could run for a minute, no problem. Then three, then five, and then eight. Finally, I did it: I reached the 5 km mark. ... I managed to put on my sneakers and running outfit, leave the house for 30 minutes and go for a run. (随着时间的推移，我跑得越来越好了。一开始跑一分钟完全没问题，后来能跑三分钟、五分钟，再后来是八分钟。最终我做到了：跑完了5公里…… 我成功穿上运动鞋和跑步装备，离开家30分钟去跑步。)”可知，本段描述作者从慢跑一分钟到完成 5 公里的进步过程，核心是跑步进步与成就感。故填The author made progress in running and had a sense of achievement./The author progressed in running and felt smug/ accomplished./The author progressed to run 5km and felt a sense of achievement。 5．开放性题目。问：“小成就”是否重要，并给出自己的理由。结合文章中作者通过小目标积累获得自信的经历，可知，“小成就” 的意义在于积累信心和成就感。故填Yes, they matter because they can build confidence and bring a sense of achievement./ Yes, because every small victory is one more step closer to the ultimate goal. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·天津和平·期末）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden? Many people have not had the pleasure of this experience. Alice Waters, the owner of a restaurant, set out to change all that for a special group of students at a middle school. Waters worked with the school’s principal to create a cooking and gardening program at the school. Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from. She also believes that there is a strong relationship between food, health, and the environment. Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they cultivated. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand. The project that Waters began took a lot of time and patience. She relied on the help of teachers, students, and community volunteers to turn a parking lot into a garden. At the same time, renovation was begun to turn an old cafeteria into a kitchen where students could prepare foods and share meals with their teachers. Then, the first usable crops were planted. They included various vegetables. In the following year they brought the addition of plants. Every year since then, new crops are added and old crops are assessed to make sure that they are best suited for the environment and the needs of the school. Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to weed, prune, and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. They also know how to enrich the soil through composting, a process in which leftover scraps of fruits and vegetables are used as fertilizer. Many have discovered that they like fruits and vegetables that they had never before been willing to try. Alice Waters dreams that one day there will be a garden in every school. She hopes that school lunches can be prepared using the produce from the gardens and other locally-grown organic produce. 1．What were the school children supposed to learn from Waters’ gardening and cooking program?(No more than 20 words) 2．What preparation(s) did they make before the project?(Within 15 words.) 3．What does the underlined word in the 2nd paragraph mean? (1 word.) 4．What’s mainly described in the 5th paragraph? (Within 10 words.) 5．If there were a similar project in your school, would you like to take part in it? Why or why not? (Within about 25 words.) 【答案】1．The pleasure of gardening and preparing food, and the connection between a healthy body and a healthy environment./(That) gardening/cooking brings pleasure and that health and environment are connected. 2．They turned a parking lot into a garden and(renovated) an old cafeteria into a kitchen. 3．Grew./Planted./Nurtured./Farmed. 4．The effects of the program on the students./ What students have benefited from the project./Students have benefited a lot from the project. 5．Yes, because it offers hands-on experience in gardening and cooking, teaches sustainability, helps develop healthier eating habits and contributes to a greener school environment./... it would be fun to grow my own food, learn practical skills, and understand health and sustainability better. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了餐厅老板爱丽丝・沃特斯与一所中学合作开展烹饪和园艺项目，将停车场改造成花园，旧自助餐厅改造成厨房，让学生体验园艺和烹饪的乐趣，了解食物、健康与环境的关系，且该项目对学生产生了积极影响，爱丽丝・沃特斯还梦想每所学校都有这样的花园。 【详解】1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they cultivated. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand(她在这所中学的目标是向孩子们展示园艺以及准备他们种植的食物的乐趣。她想教他们健康的身体和健康的环境是相辅相成的)” 可知，学校孩子们应该从沃特斯的园艺和烹饪项目中学到园艺和准备食物的乐趣，以及健康身体与健康环境之间的联系。故填The pleasure of gardening and preparing food, and the connection between a healthy body and a healthy environment./(That) gardening/cooking brings pleasure and that health and environment are connected. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“She relied on the help of teachers, students, and community volunteers to turn a parking lot into a garden. At the same time, renovation was begun to turn an old cafeteria into a kitchen where students could prepare foods and share meals with their teachers(她依靠教师、学生和社区志愿者的帮助，将一个停车场改造成花园。与此同时，开始翻新工作，将一个旧自助餐厅改造成厨房，学生们可以在那里准备食物并与老师一起用餐)” 可知，在项目开始前他们做的准备是把停车场变成花园，把旧自助餐厅改造成厨房。故填They turned a parking lot into a garden and (renovated) an old cafeteria into a kitchen. 3．考查词句猜测。根据第一段“Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden?(你有没有吃过自己在花园里种的东西呢？)”以及根据前文 “Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening(她在这所中学的目标是向孩子们展示园艺中的乐趣)”，可知，食物是他们种的。所以 “cultivated” 是指种植食物。故填 Grew./ Planted. / Nurtured./ Farmed. 4．考查主旨大意。根据第五段“Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to weed, prune, and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. They also know how to enrich the soil through composting, a process in which leftover scraps of fruits and vegetables are used as fertilizer. Many have discovered that they like fruits and vegetables that they had never before been willing to try.(学生们发现，他们期待着每周在花园里度过的时光。他们学会了如何除草、修剪和收获。他们了解了各种植物的生命周期。他们还知道如何通过堆肥来肥沃土壤，堆肥就是将剩余的水果和蔬菜残渣用作肥料的过程。许多学生发现，他们喜欢上了以前从未愿意尝试的水果和蔬菜)”可知，第五段主要讲了这个项目对学生们产生的影响/学生们从这个项目中获得的益处/学生们从这个项目中受益匪浅。故填 The effects of the program on the students./ What students have benefited from the project./ Students have benefited a lot from the project. 5．此题为开放性题目。是的，因为它提供了园艺和烹饪方面的实践经验，传授可持续发展理念，有助于养成更健康的饮食习惯，并为打造更绿色的校园环境出一份力。/ …… 自己种植食物、学习实用技能，还能更好地理解健康和可持续发展，这会很有趣。故填Yes, because it offers hands-on experience in gardening and cooking, teaches sustainability, helps develop healthier eating habits and contributes to a greener school environment./... it would be fun to grow my own food, learn practical skills, and understand health and sustainability better. Passage 5 （24-25高二下·天津和平·期末）阅读表达 A young man, full of vitality and determination, applied for a job as a farmhand. When the farmer, inquired about his qualifications, the young man uttered: ‌“I can sleep through a storm.” This puzzling response left the farmer in a state of bewilderment (搞不清状况). However, his confidence and earnestness in his eyes that made the farmer decide to give him a chance. So, he hired the young man, curious to see what lay behind his claim. A few weeks glided by uneventfully. Then, one night, the farmer and his wife were jolted awake by a fierce storm. The howling wind tore through the valley like a wild beast, and the thunderous roars of thunder seemed to shake the very foundation of their house. In a panic, the farmer leapt out of bed, his heart pounding wildly, and rushed to call for his newly hired hand. But to his astonishment, the young man was snoring loudly, undisturbed by the chaos outside. Despite his initial annoyance, the farmer knew he had to act quickly. Together with his wife, they began to check everything on the farm. They discovered that the shutters, which could have been easily ripped off by the powerful wind, had been securely fastened. Next to the fireplace, a generous supply of logs had been neatly piled, ready to keep them warm in case the power went out. As they inspected their property further, they found that the farm tools, which were vulnerable to the elements, had been carefully placed in the storage shed. The belts of wheat, which could have been ruined by the rain, had been bound and wrapped in tarpaulins (防水布). The tractor, a valuable asset, had been safely moved into its garage. The barn was locked tight, and even the animals were calm and had an ample supply of feed. It was then that the farmer finally got the profound meaning of the young man’s words. ‌“I can sleep through a storm”, which meant that he had anticipated the potential dangers of a storm and had taken all the necessary precautions. He had done his job loyally and faithfully, leaving no room for worry or chaos. The moral holds that in our lives preparation and diligence during peaceful times arc the keys to achieving peace and security during difficulties. if we are proactive and equipped to face any challenges that come our way. our futures can be safeguarded, enabling us to sleep soundly, even when the metaphorical storms of life rage outside. 1．Why did the farmer decide to hire the young man despite being confused by his statement?  (no more than 10 words) 2．When the storm hit how did the farmer and his wife feel initially? And why? (no more than 20 words) 3．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? (no more than 15 words) 4．What did the farmer finally understand about the young man’s statement "I can sleep through a storm”? (no more than 15 words) 5．In your opinion, what kind of person is the young man? And why? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．Because of his confidence and earnestness. 2．They were panicked and worried about the safety of their farm and annoyed at the young man’s being lazy. 3．The specific preparations the young man had done for the storm. 4．He had prepared for the storm in advance. 5．He is far sighted and responsible, because the young man made all kinds of preparations in advance for the storm. 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一位年轻人应聘农场工人，其话语让农场主困惑但仍被雇佣，暴风雨来临时年轻人安睡，农场主后来明白了其话语深意。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“However, his confidence and earnestness in his eyes that made the farmer decide to give him a chance.(然而，他眼中的自信和真诚让农场主决定给他一个机会)”可知，尽管农场主对年轻人的话感到困惑，但还是决定雇佣他，原因是年轻人的自信和真诚。故答案为：Because of his confidence and earnestness. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“In a panic, the farmer leapt out of bed, his heart pounding wildly, and rushed to call for his newly hired hand. But to his astonishment, the young man was snoring loudly, undisturbed by the chaos outside.(农夫惊慌失措地从床上跳起来，心狂跳，冲过去叫他的新雇工。但令他惊讶的是，这个年轻人正在大声打鼾，没有受到外面混乱的干扰)”和第三段“Despite his initial annoyance, the farmer knew he had to act quickly.(尽管一开始很恼怒，但这位农民知道他必须迅速采取行动)”可知，暴风雨来袭时，农场主和他的妻子起初感到恐慌和担忧，也因为年轻人在睡觉而他们要应对风暴而恼怒。故答案为：They were panicked and worried about the safety of their farm and annoyed at the young man’s being lazy. 3．考查主旨大意。根据第三段“Together with his wife, they began to check everything on the farm. They discovered that the shutters... had been securely fastened... As they inspected their property further, they found that the farm tools... had been carefully placed in the storage shed... The belts of wheat... had been bound and wrapped in tarpaulins... The tractor... had been safely moved into its garage... The barn was locked tight, and even the animals were calm and had an ample supply of feed.(农场主和他的妻子开始检查农场上的一切。他们发现百叶窗……已经牢牢固定……他们进一步检查农场时，发现农具……已被小心地放在储物棚里……小麦田……已被捆绑并用防水布包裹……拖拉机……已被安全地移进车库……谷仓紧紧锁着，就连动物们也很平静，有充足的饲料供应)”可知，该段主要描述了年轻人为暴风雨做的具体准备。故答案为：The specific preparations the young man had done for the storm. 4．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“‘I can sleep through a storm’, which meant that he had anticipated the potential dangers of a storm and had taken all the necessary precautions.(‘我能在暴风雨中安然入睡’，意思是他已经预料到暴风雨的潜在危险并采取了所有必要的预防措施)”可知，农场主最终明白年轻人说这句话的意思是他提前做好了应对风暴的准备。故答案为：He had prepared for the storm in advance. 5．考查推理判断。从年轻人提前为暴风雨做好各种准备可知，他是一个有远见、做事认真负责的人。故答案可以为：He is far sighted and responsible, because the young man made all kinds of preparations in advance for the storm. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $