专题04 被动语态（课件）-2027年安徽省（分类招生和对口招生）《英语一轮讲练测》

专题04 被动语态 2027年安徽省 （分类招生和对口招生） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习课件 1 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 04 真题溯源·考向感知 01考情解码·命题预警 【复习目标】 　被动语态是英语学习中一个重要的语法范畴，也是考生在职教高考中经常遇到又不易掌握的一个语法难点。每年高考必考的知识点。英语语态分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态用以表示主语和谓语之间的被动关系。 考情分析 年份 题号 考点 考法 2020 72 -般将来时的被动语态 动词时态语态辨析 2021 73 一般过去时的被动语态 动词时态语态辨析 2022 74 一般过去时的被动语态 动词时态语态辨析 2023 70 一般现在时的被动语态 动词时态语态辨析 2024 67 一般现在时的被动语态 动词时态语态辨析 2025 75 一般过去时的被动语态 动词时态语态辨析 02 体系构建·思维可视 专题04 被动语态 专题04 被动语态 专题04 被动语态 03核心突破·靶向攻坚 一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态 We speak English. 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by us. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾变主,主变宾,前加by 主动语态 主变被解题步骤: 1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者 They make shoes in that factory. Shoes 2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. are were 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 made 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语. by them in that factory.   1. Tom broke the window.      The window was broken by Tom.   2.He broke the windows.      The windows were broken by him. Be要随着主语变 逻辑主语by来引 被动语态的大体构成： Be + PP（过去分词） 主动语态变被动之歌： 被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。 Be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。 行为对象作主语， 逻辑主语by来引。 1. They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语 Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 变为被动语态 一般现在时被动结构： am/is /are +过去分词 各种时态的被动情况： 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时： 一般将来时： 情态动词变被动： am / is / are done was / were done am / is / are being done was / were being done have / has been done shall / will be done be going to be done 情态动词+be+ done Exercise: He rides the motorbike to his factory every day. The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day. Exercise: We call the snowman Mr. Strong. The snowman is called Mr. Strong. 2. They bought ten computers last term． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时被动结构： was/were +过去分词 Exercise: He bought some fruits yesterday. Some fruits were bought yesterday. 3. Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时被动结构： am/is/are + being +PP Exercise: They are holding a sports meeting now. A sports meeting is being held (by them) now. Exercise: They are playing volleyball now. Volleyball is being played (by them) now 4.She was interviewing the famous man at this time yesterday. The famous man was being interviewed by her 过去进行时被动结构： was/were + being +PP Exercise: He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night. Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday. 5.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时被动结构： will+ be +过去分词 They are going to have an evening party tomorrow. An evening party is going to be had tomorrow. be going to + be + pp Exercise: The girl will finish her homework in twenty minutes. Her homework will be finished( by the girl) in twenty minutes. 6. He said the workers would build a new school in two weeks. He said a new school would be built in two weeks. 过去将来时被动构成： would + be + pp They would have a party the next day. A party would be had (by them) the next day. 7.Aby can take good care of Tina ． Tina can be taken good care of by Aby. 情态动词变被动： 情态动词 + be+过分 Exercise: He may carry the basket easily. The basket may be easily carried by him. They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them. 8.We have made twenty keys． Twenty keys have been made by us. 现在完成时被动结构： have/has + been+过去分词 Exercise: Workers have built the house since two years ago. The house has been built since two years ago. Exercise: The doctor knew that he had known his problem. —The doctor knew that his problem had been known by him. My mother bought me a birthday cake. 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 1. I was bought a birthday cake by my mother. 2. A birthday cake was bought for me by my mother. 带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣： 原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。 间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。 直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。 变为被动时，间宾前加to 的带有双宾语的动词有：14个 bring, teach, pass, hand, give, lend, refuse,leave, promise, tell, return, show, send , write. 变为被动时，间宾前加for 的带有双宾语的动词有：5个 buy, get, do, pay, sing. We usually hear him play in the next room. He is usually heard to play in the next room. 1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。 如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。 * Great changes have taken place in this city. * That bike doesn’t belong to Mike. 不用被动语态的几种情况： 不用被动语态的几种情况： 2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态 have / fit I have a TV set. The coat fits me well. 3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。 【正】Look at the blackboard，please． 【误】The blackboard is looked at by you． 不用被动语态的几种情况： 4.系动词没有被动态和进行时态 这鱼味道很好。 这条围巾摸上去很软。 The fish tastes good. The scarf feels soft. 5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如： 【正】You must look after yourself． 【误】Yourself must be looked after 4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。 这书很好卖。 这种布很好洗。 The book sells well. This kind of cloth washes very well. 这书卖完了。 The book is sold out. 04 真题溯源·考向感知 1.（2025年安徽省职教高考）The sports meeting ________ successfully last month. A. are held B. held C. was held D. were held 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：上个月成功举行了运动会。分析句子可知，空处是句子谓语；根据时间状语last month可知，句子时态是一般过去时，且主语The sports meeting与谓语动词“举办”之间构成被动关系，即“运动会被举办”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，主语The sports meeting是单数，对应be动词用was，hold的过去分词是held。故选C。 【即时训练】 2.（2023年安徽省职教高考）Last year Jack_____two medals in the sports meet, and he hopes to get more this year. A. earns B. Earned C. has earned D. will earn 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查一般过去时。根据句意，“去年杰克_____在运动会中获得两枚奖牌，他希望今年能得到更多。”可知前半句时间状语last year为过去时间，动词时态用一般过去时。故选B。 【即时训练】 3.（2023年安徽省职教高考）Nowadays,environmental protection_______ as one of the most important tasks for us. A. takes B. took C. is taken D. was taken 【答案】C 【详解】该题考查现在时的被动语态。根据题干中Nowadays可知是表示现在的事情，要用一般现在时:再根据environmental protection与take的关系可知是被动语态，因此C项正确。 【即时训练】 4.（2022年安徽省职教高考） -- It's Tony's birthday next Friday. --Is it? I didn't know.I ____ him a card tomorrow. A.send B. sent C. will send D. have sent 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查一般将来时。根据句意，“--下周五是托尼的生日。--是吗？我不知道。我明天____他一张卡片。”可知后半句时间状语tomorrow为将来时间，动词时态用一般将来时。故选C。 【即时训练】 5.（2022年安徽省职教高考） I'm proud that my town______ as City of Culture last month. A. chooses B. chose C. is chosen D. was chosen 【答案】D 【详解】该题考查过去时的被动语态。根据题干中last month可知是表示过去的事情，要用一般过去时:再根据my town与choose的关系可知是被动语态，因此D项正确。 【即时训练】 6.（2021年安徽省职教高考）Lily loves sports. She_____running in the park every morning. A. goes B. went C. is going D. has gone 【答案】A 【详解】一般现在时的考查。“莉莉喜欢运动，她每天早上都去公因跑步"every morning每天早上，谓语动词用一般现在时。主语是第三人称谓语动词用goes,故选A。 【即时训练】 7.（2021年安徽省职教高考）Paper_____by the Chinese about 2,000 years ago. A. invents B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented 【答案】C 【详解】该题考查过去时的被动语态。根据题干中about 2,000 years ago.可知是表示过去的事情，要用一般过去时:再根据paper与invent的关系可知是被动语态，因此C项正确。 【即时训练】 Thank you for listening！ THANK YOU $