期末复习必考题型专项训练 阅读表达（考点覆盖八大话题）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语阅读表达核心考向，以话题为纲构建"考向-题型-素养"三维训练体系，覆盖8大主题32道典型题，强化语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|----|----|----| |个人生活|8题|细节查找/句子补全|从兴趣爱好到阅读价值，构建个人成长叙事链| |健康安全|8题|原因分析/措施列举|围绕健康知识-急救技能-灾害防护形成逻辑闭环| |自然环境|4题|信息归纳/观点表达|遵循"自然奇观-生态现状-保护行动"认知路径| |社会文化|8题|跨文化对比/意义阐释|通过礼仪习俗-志愿服务展现文化多样性与社会责任| |成长情绪|4题|性格描述/问题解决|聚焦自我认知-情绪管理-人际关系的发展逻辑|

期末必考题 阅读表达专项训练 ◇Part 01 考向汇总 范围 考向 内容 Unit 1 - Unit 8 考向一 考查话题：平时的爱好、空闲时间的娱乐放松活动 考向二 考查话题：安全、健康知识、保持健康 考向三 考查话题：成长过程中的问题，人生的一些道理，改善情绪 考向四 考查话题：自然奇观介绍，呼吁保护自然 考向五 考查话题：自然灾害，防灾救灾，灾难中人们互相救助 考向六 考查话题：跨文化交流、中西方文化差异、尊重不同文化 考向七 考查话题：读好书、学道理 考向八 考查话题：志愿服务及其意义，帮助他人，回馈社会 ◇Part 02 考题实战 考向一、平时的爱好、空闲时间的娱乐放松活动 01 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 Zeke Vozniak was just 5 years old when his parents took him to his first basketball game. Seeing him have a great interest in it, they bought Zeke a basketball as a present (礼物). He likes his birthday present very much, and often plays basketball with his parents when they are free. One day, Zeke asked his mother, “Mum, can I do a trick shot (花式投篮)?” When his mother said yes, he started practising moves and hasn’t stopped! It takes Zeke about five to twenty minutes to practise a shot, but to him it feels like “100,000 minutes”! The hard work has given him something. Now, Zeke has over 21,000 fans on the Internet. He practises hard every day and is always trying to do new things. “I feel happy each day and it’s just the love of the game,” he said, “But my favourite thing is playing basketball with my friends and family. I feel very happy and relaxed.” “We are like a team. We supported him because we saw his talent when he played it,” his mother said, “We saw his love, we saw his hard work on it, and we saw the happiness that came out of it.” 1．How old was Zeke when his parents took him to his first basketball game? 2．What present did Zeke’s parents buy him? 3．How long does it take Zeke to practise a shot? 4．How many fans does Zeke have on the Internet? 5．What is Zeke’s favourite thing? 02 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 My name is Anna, and I’m 14 years old. My favorite hobby is reading. I love reading because it opens up a new world for me. I can learn a lot of things from books that I can’t learn at school. I started reading when I was five years old. My mom used to read storybooks to me before I went to bed every night. Those stories made me fall in love with reading. As I grew older, I began to read by myself. I read all kinds of books, such as fairy tales, history books, and adventure novels. My favorite book is The Little Prince. It’s a very beautiful book with many meaningful stories. I usually read for an hour every day after I finish my homework. I also like to go to the library on weekends. The library has a lot of books, and I can find any book I like there. Sometimes I read with my best friend Lily. We often share our favorite books and talk about the stories in them. Reading has brought me a lot of happiness. It makes me more knowledgeable and also helps me improve my writing skills. I hope I can keep reading as my hobby forever. 6．How old is Anna? 7．Why does Anna love reading? 8．When did Anna start reading? 9．Where does Anna like to go on weekends? 10．What benefits has reading brought to Anna? (Give two points.) 03 根据文本内容，在文本后的表格中填入恰当的词语（每空1词），并回答第5小题。 In modern (现代的) society, people have more free time than before. How do they spend it? Different age groups have different hobbies. Teenagers often enjoy active and social activities. Many of them love playing sports like basketball, soccer, or swimming. Others prefer creative hobbies such as painting, playing musical instruments, or writing stories. With the development of technology, some teenagers also like playing video games or watching short videos online. Adults usually have less free time because of work and family responsibilities. However, they still try to relax in their own ways. Some enjoy outdoor activities like hiking, cycling, or gardening. Others prefer indoor hobbies such as reading books, painting, or practicing yoga. On weekends, many adults meet friends for coffee or go to the cinema. Elderly people often choose quieter activities. Walking in the park, playing chess, or chatting with neighbours are popular among them. Some also join community clubs to learn new skills like calligraphy or dancing. No matter the age, free time activities help people reduce stress, stay healthy, and build relationships. They are very important in our life. Free Time Activities are 11 Teenagers ▲ They enjoy active activities like playing sports. ▲ Some prefer creative hobbies such as painting, playing musical instruments, or writing stories. ▲ Others spend time 12 video games or watching short videos online. Adults ▲ They relax through 13 activities like hiking, cycling or gardening. ▲ Some prefer indoor hobbies such as reading books, painting or practicing yoga. Elderly ▲ They often choose quieter activities like walking, playing chess or chatting with neighbours. ▲ Some join community clubs to learn new 14 . What do you do in your free time?(根据自己实际情况作答，合理即可) 15 04 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）。 The students’ life today can be very stressful (压力大的). They are under pressure every day. They need a break from it. Parents should ask children to do something else. But do not let them relax in front of the TV. A hobby is the perfect answer. There are many different kinds of hobbies. Chess is a good example. It is a very enjoyable game and it also helps children develop their thinking skills. Collecting something is also a good hobby for children. A child can collect almost anything: key rings, stamps, postcards, old coins and so on. Many of these collections can be both interesting and fun. Some hobbies teach children a lot and open their minds. For example, gardening (园艺) is a useful hobby because it, as a physical activity, is good for children’s health and it also teaches children about nature. A hobby can be a useful learning tool. Children may become experts in something if they really love their hobbies. Children will also learn to become more independent. Hobbies will also teach children a lot about duty (责任). 16．How is the students’ life today? (不超过5个词) 17．How many kinds of hobbies can you find in this passage? (不超过5个词) 18．Why is gardening a useful hobby? (不超过15个词) 考向二、安全、健康知识、保持健康 05 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Most people have a body temperature of around 37°C． Some people have a normal temperature that is a little higher, while others have a normal temperature that is a little lower. Most people’s body temperature even changes a little bit during the whole day. It’s usually a little lower in the morning and a little higher in the evening. For most kids, their body temperature stays the same from day to day until germs (细菌) go into their body. When a fever starts, your body will get hotter than usual at first, and then you may feel very cold even though the room isn’t cold. It’s very important for you to drink much water when you have a fever, because there isn’t enough water in your body as your body gets hotter. The fever isn’t a big problem. To keep healthy, when you have a fever, you should have a good rest and drink much water. After a few hours, the fever may go away on its own. So many doctors argue that many people with a fever don’t need to take any special medicine unless the fever is making them very uncomfortable. But if you feel very sick with a fever, you must go to a doctor. 19．What’s the body temperature of most people? 20．Do people keep the same temperature all day long? 21．Why is it important to drink much water when you have a fever? 22．When must we go to a doctor according to the passage? 23．What will you do if you have a fever? 06 We usually go to see a doctor when we are ill. Doctors may give us some medicine, and the medicine often makes us feel better. But sometimes the doctor’s medicine doesn’t work. This happened to one man, Thomas Smith. He was ill in hospital, but he wasn’t getting well. Then he found a new “doctor” inside himself. He saw funny films. He read funny books. And something wonderful happened. Laughing took away his pain after half a year. He could have a good night’s rest. His own happy feeling helped him get well again. He wrote his story in his book. He said laughing was very useful. It was the best “medicine”. Another man, Simon Beck, was also ill, and he had a serious pain in his back. The doctor couldn’t stop it, so the man began to “picture” his pain. In his head he “drew” a picture of a dog. He imagined it to be a real dog. And it was hurting him. Then the man talked softly to the dog. He put his hand on the dog’s head and made friends with it. One year later, his pain went away! These stories may surprise you, but more and more people are getting well in this way. So call on the “doctor” inside your mind, and keep happy and well! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 24．What may doctors give us when we are ill? 25．How long did it take for Thomas Smith’s pain to go away after he started using laughing as his “medicine”? 26．According to Thomas Smith, what was the best “medicine”? 27．What did Simon Beck begin to do when the doctor couldn’t stop his pain? 28．What should we do when the doctor’s medicine doesn’t work? 07 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整，并写在相应位置上。 First-Aid & Safety Training in Dongguan Schools To improve teenagers’ self-protection ability, Dongguan carried out a special first-aid and safety training in 12 middle schools this spring. Over 6,000 students joined the program, learning to deal with common accidents in daily life. The training covered many practical skills. Teachers taught students how to give first aid for cuts, burns and falls. Students also learned key knowledge (知识) about drowning prevention (防溺水) and traffic safety. Besides, they practiced how to call 120 for help correctly and what to do during a fire escape. All the lessons were given through role-plays and real-case (真实事例) sharing. Different from traditional classes, students learned by doing. They used model bandages to dress wounds (包扎伤口), did fire escape drills (逃生演练) and took part in simulated (模拟) traffic safety scenes (场景). These hands-on activities helped students master skills more quickly. Teachers and parents both spoke highly of the program. A head teacher said "These skills are necessary for teenagers to face unexpected (难预料的) dangers.” A parent added, “It makes my child more confident to protect himself.” Such training helps students stay safe and grow up healthily. 29．Why did Dongguan carry out the safety training this spring? 30．What did teachers teach students to do for cuts and burns? 31．What key knowledge did students learn besides drowning prevention? 32．How did students learn safety skills in the program? 33．How many students benefited from the program? 08 阅读以下材料，根据要求完成下列各小题。 Many children use the internet to get knowledge and useful information, and relax in their free time. But some of them aren’t using it in a good way. Here are some rules to make sure you’ re safe and have fun on the internet. Firstly, you should make rules for internet use with your parents. For example, when you can go online, for how long and what activities you can do online. Secondly, don’t give your password to anyone else, and never leak out (泄露) ________ information such as your real name, home address, age, school and phone number. Thirdly, never send a photo of yourself to someone in e-mails unless (除非) your parents say it’s OK. Check with your parents before going into a chat room. Different chat rooms have different rules and attract (吸引) different kinds of people. You and your parents must make sure it’s the right place for you. And you should never agree to meet someone you met on the internet without your parents’ permission (允许). Never meet anyone you knew online alone. Then tell your parents or teachers about it. Next, you should treat other people online as you’d like to be treated. Never use bad words. Finally, please remember that not everything you read on the internet is true. 34．根据文章内容，在________处填一个合适的词。 35．What’s the purpose of using the internet for children? 36．List one thing that children should never do online without their parents’ permission. 37．将文中画线句子翻译成汉语。 38．What can you do to protect yourself when using the internet? (开放性题目) 考向三、成长过程中的问题，人生的一些道理，改善情绪 09 阅读短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 My name is Jane. I am 14 years old. My best friend is Mary. She is as old as me. We are in the same class. She is a tall girl with short straight hair. She is very outgoing and helpful. But I am a little shy. I am afraid to speak in front of others. However, Mary often helps to bring out the best in me. She always asks me to do meaningful things with her. Last week, we volunteered to help in a nursing home. I felt so happy to help others. I am poor at math, so Mary always helps me with it after class. Sometimes I can’t understand well, so she explains again and again. She is really patient. Now I get better grades in math than before. In order to make me brave, Mary and I join some clubs in our school together. We join the music club and the volleyball club. Now, I’ve changed into an outgoing and helpful girl, too. 39．What’s the relationship between Jane and Mary? 40．What does Mary look like? 41．Use a word in the text to describe Mary.   42．Write an ending for the text. (within 15 words.) 10 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。(第1题至4题每空不超过3个词，第5题需用完整句子回答。) How do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of class? How do you feel when you go to a birthday party? Do you get really shy? Shyness means feeling nervous or frightened when you’re around other people. Experts have found that more than 80 percent of middle school students feel afraid to be the center of attention. Some kids are born shy. Some become shy later because of their life experiences. It’s OK if it takes you a while to feel yourself again when you go to a new place or meet new people. In fact, everybody gets a little shy sometimes. It’s just a case of how much. Most people have red faces and talk in broken sentences when they get shy. But some become so shy that they won’t go to a restaurant because they are too nervous to order and pay the bill. Some are afraid of meeting new people, so they seldom go outside. This kind of shyness can be bad for a person. If shyness doesn’t stop you from doing something you want to do, being shy isn’t a very big problem. Some experts say shy people are quieter and cleverer because they think more and talk less. Shy people are also good at working with others because they think more for other people. Some great people in history were shy, too. You see, being shy isn’t all bad. But remember not to let good chances pass by just because of it! If you have to sing a song at a birthday party or practise your spoken English in front of others, just do it! There’s nothing to be afraid of. Shyness Meaning To feel 43 . Causes (原因) To be the center of attention. To 44 . To have life experiences. Effects (影响) 45 To have red faces. To talk in broken sentences. To be afraid of meeting new people. Good effects To be quieter and cleverer. To be good at 46 . Advice 47 11 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 Relaxation is important for everyone, especially for students. As students, we often feel stressed because of study. We have a lot of homework to do every day, and we have to take many exams. If we don’t relax properly, we may become tired and ill. So it’s necessary for us to find good ways to relax. There are many ways to relax. Some students like to listen to music. Music can make us feel calm and happy. Some students like to go for a walk in nature. The fresh air and beautiful scenery can help us forget our worries. Some students like to do sports, such as running, swimming, and playing ball games. Sports can not only make us healthy but also help us relax. Some students like to talk to their friends or family. Sharing our feelings with others can make us feel better. Last term, I was very stressed because of my final exam. I had a lot of homework and I didn’t have enough time to relax. I felt tired every day and couldn’t focus on my study. My mother noticed my problem and advised me to take a walk after dinner every day. I followed her advice. Every evening, I went for a walk in the park near my home. The fresh air and beautiful flowers made me feel relaxed. I also started to listen to light music before going to bed. After a few weeks, I felt much better. I could focus on my study and got good grades in the final exam. I think that relaxation is not a waste of time. It can help us study better and live a happier life. We should find the right way to relax and keep a good balance between study and relaxation. 48．What is important for everyone, especially for students? is important for everyone, especially for students. 49．Where do some students like to go for a walk to relax? Some students like to go for a walk . 50．Why was the writer very stressed last term? Last term, I was very stressed because of . 51．How did the writer relax after following her mother’s advice? The writer relaxed herself by . 52．What do you think of the relationship between relaxation and study? I think relaxation can . 12 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。1—4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。 We all have days when we are down, tired and unhappy. That’s OK. You need days like this. You will enjoy your good days more than bad days. Even if sadness is a part of life, let’s try to make it small. Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad. Smile! It’s easy to do and have good results. This way can not only leave you in a good mood but also bring others a good mood. Listen to music. It can be your favorite music. Some kinds of music work better than others. So try and find out what kind of music works the best for you. Take some “me” time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching the sunrise or having a hot bath or something like that. Exercise. Even something as simple as taking a walk will get your blood flowing (流动). It is a helpful way to clear your mind of anything that makes you sad. These ways will cheer you up when you are down, but don’t just use them when you are sad, trying to practice them every day to make them habits. You will be surprised to learn that these simple ways will keep your sadness away. But if you are in a deep depression, go to see a doctor. How to Beat Sadness Opinions It is OK to feel down, tired and unhappy. It is possible to make sadness a(n) 53 of life. 54 to cheer you up Smiling at others can bring both you and others 55 Listening to your favorite music works best 56 in everyday life, such as watching a sunrise Taking a walk helps you clear your mind of sad things Which way do you prefer to use to deal with sadness according to the passage? Why? 57 考向四、自然奇观介绍，呼吁保护自然 13 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The famous Changbai Mountains lie in Northeast China. The name means “Forever White Mountains”. The mountains got this name because of their beautiful snow-covered peaks (山峰). People began to use the name the Changbai Mountains around the 10th century (世纪). Before that, the mountains had many other names in history, such as Buxian Shan and Dandan Daling. The Changbai Mountains are beautiful all year round and you can take a trip there anytime, but the best time is between June and September. Because the weather is cool and comfortable. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. Also, during these months, the mountain landscape is very beautiful. It begins to snow in October. If people want to enjoy snow and go skiing, they can come from November to March. The Changbai Mountains are home to lots of animals as well. Chinese mergansers (中华秋沙鸭) are among them. This kind of bird is as rare (珍贵的) as the panda. One of the most famous parts of the mountains is Tianchi. It is the world’s highest crater lake (火山湖). It is the source of some great rivers like the Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River. 58．When did people begin to use the name the Changbai Mountains? 59．Why is the period between June and September the best time for visitors to take a trip to the Changbai Mountains? 60．What can people do there in November? 61．What will you do first if you visit the Changbai Mountains? And why? (Write 30 words or more.) 14 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Located in Africa, the Sahara Desert covers 30 per cent of the whole continent. Known as “the great desert” in Arabic, it is about 9 million square kilometres in size, with a history of over 4.6 million years, making it one of the oldest places in the world. As the world’s largest hot desert, the Sahara is extremely dry and hot all year round. However, not all deserts are hot. For example, scientists regard Antarctica as a typical cold desert. Most of the Sahara is rocky land. Besides, it also has grasslands, lakes, mountains and sand seas, which look like endless oceans of sand. When the wind blows, the sand looks like waves. Life in the Sahara is difficult. Around 2 million people live in this area. They usually move from place to place. There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round. Few animals can live in a place with such a dry and hot climate. They must adapt to survive. Camels can live for a long time without water, and can drink over 100 litres of water in just 13 minutes. Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. Today, the Sahara is getting even bigger. It is 10 per cent larger than it was a century ago. But why is it growing? Some scientists believe that part of the reason is climate change. As temperatures rise, summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls. Water bodies get smaller and the ground gets drier and drier. If we do not take effective measures, the desert will keep growing! 62．How old is the Sahara Desert according to the passage? 63．Where can some people live all year round in the Sahara? 64．What special ability do fennec foxes have to live in the hot desert? 65．Why is the Sahara Desert becoming bigger and bigger these days? 66．What can we humans do to stop the desert from growing? 15 Chaka Salt Lake (茶卡盐湖) lies in Qinghai Province, China. It sits at an altitude (海拔) of about 3,100 metres and covers an area of about 105 square kilometres. It is rich in salt with a heavy salt bed close to the lake surface. That makes the lake a main source (来源) of salt in our country. When the weather is clear, the lake offers beautiful reflections (倒影) of the blue sky. That is why people call it the “sky mirror (天空之镜)”. Because of its wonderful views, the lake is seen as one of the “must-visit” places in China. The beautiful sunrise and sunset views are the most attractive. Every July, large numbers of visitors begin to crowd to Chaka Salt Lake. And the situation usually lasts till the end of August, because they just don’t want to miss the best time to go there. It is believed that with the summer breeze (微风), breathing in the salty air is especially good for lungs. If you want to go on a trip to the lake, the following tips may be helpful: *The salt in the lake can’t be eaten directly. *Wear sunglasses and a hat because of the strong sunshine. *You may want to take quite a few photos, so you’d better take your camera with you. *Prepare some medicine beforehand so that you can deal with altitude sickness in time. Travelling to such a beautiful world of salt with snowy mountains and green grass around, you will feel like you are in a fairyland. But you also need to protect the natural beauty while enjoying it. 前3题每题答案不超过10个词，第4题答案词数不限 67．How many tips are given in the passage to go on a trip to Chaka Salt Lake? 68．What makes Chaka Salt Lake one of the “must-visit” places in China? 69．When is the best time to visit Chaka Salt Lake? 70．What do you think of Chaka Salt Lake? What should tourists do to protect it? 16 阅读下面的短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 Have you ever been to Dongting Lake? It’s famous as “800-li Dongting Lake”. Dongting Lake is in the north of Hunan Province. (1) 它的面积约为2,625平方千米。 It is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. Every year, thousands of tourists from all over the world come to Yueyang in order to enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake. With the development of our society, protecting Dongting Lake has become a hot topic. In fact, people of Yueyang are trying to improve the environment of the lake. On the one hand, they set up East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve (保护区) in 1982. It provides a good place for birds and rare (珍稀的) animals. If you go there, you can see birds flying and milu deer (麋鹿) eating grass in East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve. On the other hand, factories mustn’t put waste water into the lake. Fishes are living in the clean water. At the same time, they plant colourful flowers and green trees along Dongting Lake. It is nice for people to go there when flowers come out and leaves turn green. Dongting Lake is the mother lake in Hunan Province. (2) Each of us should try our best to protect it. 71．Where is Dongting Lake? 72．Why do many tourists come to Yueyang every year? 73．What can you see if you go to East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve? 74．把（1）处画线句子翻译成英文。 75．把（2）处画线句子翻译成中文。 考向五、自然灾害，防灾救灾，灾难中人们互相救助 17 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Last Friday, a storm swept through two villages, destroying fourteen homes completely. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs (屋顶). One person died, several were badly hurt and taken to the hospital, and a number of other people received minor injuries (轻伤). Altogether (总共) over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. Mr. Tan, a farmer, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said. “A few minutes later, part of the house fell down. We tried our best to climb out, but then I found that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him safe but very scared.” Mrs. Woo said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that the house was shaking. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said. “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers (士兵) helped to take people out of the flooded area, and the welfare department (福利机构) provided them with food, clothes and shelter (避难所). 76．How many people lost their homes after the storm? 77．How long did the storm last? 78．What was Mr. Tan doing when the storm happened? 79．How should we prepare for and stay safe in bad weather or natural disasters? 18 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过三个词。 On May 12th every year, China holds National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day (全国防灾减灾日). We set up this special day to teach people practical (实用的) safety knowledge and necessary survival (生存) skills. For middle school students, it’s very important to learn some survival skills to prepare for sudden earthquakes. First of all, when an earthquake happens, we must stay calm and never panic or shout loudly, which can help us take action wisely and avoid unnecessary accidents. Second, we should hide under desks in time and avoid falling objects from hitting us, such as windows, lights and other easy-to-break objects. Third, after the earthquake stops, we should not rush out at once. We need to check if there is any danger around first, and then leave the room in an orderly way. Using these earthquake safety skills brings us a lot of benefits—it can not only protect us from danger but also reduce our fear when facing disasters. Many schools in China hold regular earthquake drills (演习) to help students practice and remember these skills. In order to keep ourselves and others safe when the earthquake hits, we must be serious about the drills, follow teachers’ instructions carefully and learn these skills well. China holds the National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day on May 12th so that 80 . Here are some useful earthquake safety skills. First, 81 at the time of the earthquake. Second, hide under desks and 82 falling objects and other dangers. Third, make sure of safety and leave in order. 83 because they can keep us safe and make us less scared. So we should take the drills seriously and learn the skills well. 19 阅读短文，根据短文内容，回答下面6个问题。 An earthquake is a terrible natural disaster. It happens under the ground suddenly. When a strong earthquake comes, many buildings may fall down. People may get hurt or lose their homes. Though we can’t stop earthquakes, we can learn ways to keep safe. When the earthquake happens indoors, we should hide under strong desks or tables. We must stay away from windows. If we are outside, we should run to open and safe places right away. After the earthquake, don’t walk near broken buildings and wires. We should stay calm and help each other. 84．What kind of natural disaster does the passage talk about? 85．Where does an earthquake happen? 86．What may happen when a strong earthquake comes? 87．What should we do if we are indoors during the earthquake? 88．Should we stay near windows when the earthquake comes? 89．Do you think it is necessary to have earthquake drills (演习) in the school? Why? 20 阅读下面的短文，回答问题或将划线部分译成中文。 A strong earthquake hit central Myanmar (缅甸) on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time). The earthquake was 7.9 in magnitude (震级) and happened 30 kilometers underground. The center of the earthquake was near Sagaing Region, close to China’s border. The earthquake caused serious damage. In Myanmar, 144 people died and 732 were injured. Many buildings in Mandalay and Naypyidaw fell down. Important places like the Sagaing Bridge and Mandalay Airport were destroyed. In Thailand, a tall building in Bangkok collapsed (倒塌), killing three people. In China’s Yunnan Province, two people were slightly hurt. Rescue work was difficult because roads were damaged. China sent a medical team with drones (无人机) to help. The United Nations promised $5 million for aid. Scientists say Myanmar is on the Sagaing Fault, where two big earth plates meet. This area often has strong earthquakes. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect ourselves, because it is not a game. Second, we should get ready for everything in time,” said Adelina, a teacher of the Middle School. Although all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 90．When did the earthquake happen? 91．How many people were injured in Myanmar? 92．Why was rescue work challenging after the earthquake? 93．What will you do if you face an earthquake? 94．将划线的句子翻译成中文。 考向六、跨文化交流、中西方文化差异、尊重不同文化 21 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。 In ancient China, willow branches (柳枝) were often used as gifts to friends or family members who would leave. Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye? One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this special feature, when saying goodbye to loved ones, giving a willow branch is a way to tell them that you hope they will easily get used to their new living places. Another reason is that, in Chinese, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu (柳)” is similar to the character “liu (留)”. So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking others to stay, even though you knew that they must leave. It is said that the custom became popular in the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and gave willow branches to people who were going to depart. Willow branches, as a symbol of saying goodbye, were often mentioned in poems, especially during the Tang and Song dynasties. 95．In ancient China, willow branches were a symbol of . 96．From the passage, giving a willow branch is a way to hope others will the new living places easily. 97．Giving a willow branch in ancient China was like . 98．In the Han Dynasty, it was popular for people to say goodbye at in Chang’an. 99．There were many poems which mentioned willow branches, especially during the . 22 根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词，每空一词。 Kids aren’t born with good manners. They learn manners firstly from parents, so the most important way you can pass good manners to your kids is to show an example and keep talking about good manners at home. You can’t avoid these two passwords in your home: “please” and “thank you”. Start by modeling them when your children are only months old. As they get older, remind (提醒) them gently when they forget. They will get in the habit of saying “May I please have a glass of milk?” instead of “I want milk!” My daughter went through a shy phase (阶段). She found it difficult to say “thank you” to people she didn’t know well. I knew that she wasn’t being impolite—she just wasn’t used to talking with strangers. We came up with a good idea. She would try her best to look at the person who helped her and smile. I’d then jump in and say, “She’s saying thank you with her eyes.” It wasn’t long before she said the words herself, and I helped her get there. Picking nose, talking while eating, running around. These acts are usually seen in childhood. For all these acts, you can find a simple password that gives your child a sign to show it’s not the best choice of action in public places. We use the word “inappropriate (不恰当的)”, but it doesn’t mean these actions are always bad. It only tells children that these actions have a time and a place, but “not here, not now”. Start with “please” and “thank you” To help kids form good manners, parents should set good 100 and talk about manners with kids. Say “please” and “thank you” We should use “please” and “thank you” at 101 . Parents should 102 teaching children when they are months old. If children don’t 103 to say the words, remind them. Help children go through a 104 phase Children might be shy to talk with strangers,but it doesn’t 105 they are impolite. Children should try to be polite, and 106 can offer help. Use a  simple password as a 107 Some actions shouldn’t be seen as bad manners, but they are not welcome in 108 . Parents can use a simple password to 109 children from acting in that way. 23 Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof (屋顶) of a house in order to get a new tooth. In other Asian countries, such as China and Japan, children follow a similar tradition of throwing lost teeth on the roofs of houses. Birds aren’t the only animals to take lost teeth. In Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered as guardians (守护者) of the people. Tradition says that the new tooth will be in good and strong condition if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian. So parents in Mongolia always put their child’s lost tooth in the fat of a piece of meat and feed it to a dog. The idea of giving lost teeth to a guardian is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries expect the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origin (起源) of the Tooth Fairy is a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to the tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow (枕头) before going to bed. In the very early hours of the morning, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth away and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift or candies. Children love these surprises very much. In the United States, however , the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. That can add up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 110．Where do people throw lost teeth in order to get a new tooth in Korea? 111．What do parents in Mongolia always feed the meat with their child’s lost tooth to? 112．When did the story the Tooth Fairy probably begin in England or Ireland? 113．What does the Tooth Fairy leave in France? 114．Which way do you like best? Why? 24 When I worked in the UK, I had a meal in an expensive restaurant. I saw a young couple come in with a small boy. They only ordered a piece of the cheapest beef steak. “Sir, Madam, anything else? One piece is not enough for three of you!” the waiter said. The dad was a little embarrassed. He said to the waiter, “Thanks. It’s enough. We just want to bring the guy to have beef steak, and we have finished supper.” I watched them for a while. Then I found that the parents not only took the boy to have beef steak, but also regarded it as a process of learning. The parents taught the kid how to use a knife and fork and told him some table manners. I’d like to become good friends with the family. Then I walked over to them and asked really politely, “May I treat each of you to a cup of coffee?” They accepted my coffee with a smile on their faces. I sat down at their table and we began to chat. “To be honest, we are very poor, so we can’t afford any expensive food at all. However, we have every confidence in our boy. Although he was born into a poor family, I believe he will achieve great success in the future. That’s why we teach him the good table manners now,” said the little boy’s father. “We hope our kid can be a person who respects himself and others.” After that, I believe that the family won’t be poor for a long time! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 115．In which country is the restaurant located? 116．How did the father feel after being asked anything else? 117．What did the writer treat each member of the family to? 118．Does the writer think the family will be poor for a long time? 119．What would happen to you if you were the kid? 考向七、读好书、学道理 25 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容回答问题，答案不超过10个词。 “It’s ready, doctor,” said Potter. “You’ll have to pay us five dollars more, or I’ll stay here.” “That’s right!” said Indian Joe. “What do you mean?” said the doctor. “I’ve already paid you.” “Yes,” said Indian Joe. “But five years ago, you sent me away from your father’s kitchen when I came for something to eat. Your father had me jailed as a homeless person. I said I’d get my revenge. And now I’ve got you, and you’ll have to pay!” He was threatening the doctor with his fist. The doctor suddenly knocked him to the ground. Potter shouted, “Hey, don’t hit my partner!” and soon they were fighting. Indian Joe got up and picked up Potter’s knife. The doctor got free, took a piece of wood, and knocked Potter down with it. At the same moment, Indian Joe saw his chance and pushed the knife into the young man’s chest. He turned round and fell down, partly on Potter, blood pouring out of the wound. Then clouds covered the moon, hiding the terrible sight. The two frightened boys ran away in the dark. When the moon came out again, Indian Joe was standing over the two bodies. The doctor gave a last gasp and died. Indian Joe said to himself: “I’ve had my revenge!” Then he pulled out the knife and put it into Potter’s right hand. After three or four minutes, Potter began to move, then he sat up. He looked at the knife in his hand and let it fall in horror. He pushed the doctor’s body off him and gazed at it. His eyes met Joe’s. “How did this happen?” he said. “It’s a bad business,” said Joe without moving. “What did you do it for?” 120．Why does Indian Joe want to get his revenge on Dr Robinson? 121．How did the doctor knock Potter down? 122．Who killed Dr Robinson? 123．Why did Joe say the underlined sentence? 124．What do you think of Joe? 26 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容和任务描述，在每个题目下面填写相应内容。 There were three big fish in the lake. One of them, Demo, was wise. Another one, Jimmy, was half-wise. Martin, the third one, was stupid. Some fishermen came to the bank of the lake with their nets. The three fish saw them. Demo decided at once to leave, to make the long and difficult trip to the ocean. He thought, “I won’t discuss with these two about this. They love this place so much that they call it home and will stay on. How silly they are! They still haven’t realized we are in great danger now. Their ignorance (愚昧) will cost them their lives.” Seeing the wise fish had left, Jimmy thought, “My guide has gone and now I’ve lost my chance to run away.” He felt sorry for it and then thought, “What can I do to save myself from these men and their nets? Perhaps I should pretend (假装) to be already dead, giving myself totally to the water.” So he did that. He went up and down with the water, helpless, within arm’s reach of the fishermen. “Look at this! The best and biggest fish is dead.” One of the men lifted him by the tail, and threw him up on the ground. He rolled (滚动) over and over and moved secretly towards the water, and then, back in. The third fish was aimlessly (漫无目的地) jumping about, trying to escape with his speed and cleverness. The net, of course, finally closed around him, and as he lay in the hot frying-pan bed, he thought, “If I get out of this, I’ll never live again in the limits of the lake. Next time, the ocean! I’ll make it my home.” 125．The names of the three fish: 126．The features (特点) of the three fish: 127．The thing Demo did when he saw some fishermen: 128．The way Jimmy used to run away from the fishermen: 129．The kind of fish you want to be and tell the reasons: 27 阅读短文并根据短文回答问题。（不超过10个单词） Alice walked into a garden and saw a long table. At the table sat the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, and the Dormouse. They were having a tea party. There were many cups and plates, but no one was eating or drinking. “No room! No room!” they cried when they saw Alice. “There is plenty of room,” said Alice, and she sat down in a big chair. The Mad Hatter looked at Alice and asked her a riddle, “Why is a raven like a writing desk?” Alice thought hard, but she could not answer. “I give up,” she said. “What's the answer?” “I haven't the slightest idea,” said the Hatter. Then the March Hare took out his watch. He looked at it angrily and then dipped it into his tea. “It was the best butter,” he said sadly. Alice looked at the watch. “That's a strange way to keep time,” she said. “Time is a person,” said the Hatter. “If you are friends with Time, he will let the clock do whatever you want. But he doesn't like me, so it's always six o’ clock here-tea time forever!” ——Adapted from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland 130．Who were having the tea party? 131．Could Alice answer the riddle? 132．What did the March Hare do with his watch? 133．Why was it always six o’ clock at the tea party? 134．What do you think of the Mad Hatter? 28 My Reading Habit Reading is my favorite hobby. I have developed a good reading habit since I was in Grade 7. Every day, I spend 30 minutes reading after finishing my homework. I like reading different kinds of books, such as novels, storybooks and books about nature. My favorite book is The Little Prince. It is a meaningful book that teaches me about love and responsibility. When I read it, I can forget all my worries and learn a lot of wisdom. I also like to share interesting books with my classmates. We often discuss the stories and characters in the books, which makes reading more interesting. Reading not only enriches my knowledge but also improves my writing skills. I think everyone should develop a good reading habit and enjoy the pleasure of reading. 任务1：根据短文内容，匹配信息 1. The writer’s favorite hobby 2. The time the writer spends reading every day 3. The writer’s favorite book 4. The benefits of reading A．The Little Prince B．Reading C． 30 minutes D．Enriching knowledge and improving writing skills 请将正确的选项序号填在对应的横线上： 135． 136． 137． 138． 任务2：根据短文内容，回答下列问题 139．When did the writer develop a good reading habit? 140．What does the writer learn from The Little Prince? 考向八、志愿服务及其意义，帮助他人，回馈社会 29 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题（1至4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题必须用完整句子回答。） Volunteer Work: Helping Those in Need Volunteer work means giving your time and energy to help others without asking for money. Many students in Shanghai take part in volunteer activities on weekends. They say it makes them feel happy and useful. There are many ways to help. You can visit old people who live alone and talk with them. Some old people feel lonely because their children are busy working. A friendly chat can make their day brighter. You can also help disabled people. For example, you can push a wheelchair for someone who cannot walk well. You can read books to people who cannot see. Small acts of kindness mean a lot to them. Another way is to help sick children in hospitals. You can play games with them or teach them to draw. Being in hospital is boring and scary for young kids. Your visit can bring them hope and joy. If you want to be a volunteer, you can start with small things. Smile at people. Say hello to your neighbors. Help your classmates with their studies. Everyone can make a difference. 141．Volunteers give their time and energy to help others without asking for . 142．Some old people feel lonely because their children are . 143．You can for someone who cannot walk well. 144．Being in hospital is for young kids. 145．Do you want to be a volunteer? Why or why not? 30 阅读短文，根据短文内容用完整的句子回答下列问题。 The “Go West” program is a voluntary service program. It helps less developed areas in China by sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years. This national program covers education, medical care, farming technology and so on. Many areas have benefited from the program since it started in 2003, and Sheyit is among them. Sheyit Primary School is a faraway village school in Xinjiang. Thanks to the “Go West” program, many young graduates have arrived here to help. Although they come from different places across China, they all share the common wish: to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future in this way. Those volunteer teachers at Sheyit Primary School set clear rules in class and expect students to finish homework on time. They know that many parents are busy herding (放牧) animals and have little time to help their children with homework. So, the teachers work very hard to help the students study. “This is where I discover the true meaning of my life,” a volunteer teacher here said. “When I see my students grow through my lessons, their progress becomes my prize.” The students also greatly treasure their teachers’ teaching and care. They describe their teachers as the sun. They love going to school so much that some even come on weekends to study! “When active students meet selfless (无私的) teachers, improvement is only a matter of time. Our school is no longer the worst in the city,” said Jin Wenbin, the leader of Sheyit Primary School. Since 2023, the school has produced many graduates. The graduates have done very well in local exams and got into top middle schools in Xinjiang. 146．How does the program help these less developed areas in China? 147．What is the young graduates’ common wish? 148．Do many parents have much time or little time to help their children with homework? 149．How are their teachers described as? 150．When did the Sheyit Primary School start to send many excellent graduates to top middle schools? 31 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。1至4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。 Children in one village have a new place to spend their winter vacation—a library built by a local charity group Dashan Xiaoai, which means “big mountain, small love”. The library is located in Banwan village, Guizhou Province, which became a must-visit place for tourists during holidays. This is the eighth library set up by the charity to help rural people, especially children. Zhou Beilei, the head of the charity, has worked on rural education for more than 10 years. She found that rural children do not have a place to spend quality time after school. Besides, she also found that many children live with their relatives because their parents go to cities to look for work. Students in Banwan village spend more than 180 days at home during weekends, school vacations and festival holidays. “They have no parents to accompany (陪伴) them and most of them have no access to educational resources like bookstores. This is why we decided to build libraries for the children, offer them meaningful activities and develop their love for reading, ”Zhou says. The charity’s first library, located in Qiaoma town, opened in March 2019. It is divided into an adult area and a designated (指定的) space for children. It also organizes all kinds of after-school activities. To encourage them to read, children can join a free rewards (奖励) program and get points by reading books. When they have a certain number of points, they will get a gift. Zhou adds that they would like to change some readers’ lives and create happy memories for the children. 151．Dashan Xiaoai is a . 152．Zhou Beilei, the leader of Dashan Xiaoai, has worked on rural education for . 153．The reason for is to offer children a place to get more educational resources. 154．Children can get points by in the free rewards program in the libraries. 155．What do you think of these libraries? 32 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 At just 14 years old, Ryan Hickman from San Juan Hills High School, US, has made waves (引起轰动) with a beach clean-up campaign (运动). On April 20th, he and many volunteers from Project 3R, the nonprofit (非营利机构) he created, started a five-week campaign at five beaches along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico to remove trash (清除垃圾). “The trash ends up in the ocean, and animals are eating it,” Hickman told The Orange County Register. “Picking up a piece of trash may save a turtle’s life.” In 2012, Ryan Hickman started to pick up the trash around the beaches. Ever since then, he and some volunteers have collected about 2 million bottles and cans (金属罐) from beaches, lakes and rivers. From a young age, Hickman had developed a love for recycling and had always liked trash trucks. He put the two interests together and began collecting recyclables (可回收物) to raise money. In 2017, Hickman gave away a $10, 000 (about 72,000 yuan) check to the PMMC after picking up 50, 000 pounds of trash and more than 200, 000 recyclable bottles. Along with organizing volunteer cleanups, Hickman has also traveled worldwide, speaking to kids about caring for the planet and oceans. At the Ocean Institute in California, he started a program where primary school students clean local beaches and then board (登船) the institute’s teaching ship to learn about pollution’s influence. “It’s fun,”he said.“The people I talk to may encourage them, and they might organize a cleanup, too.” 156．What has Ryan Hickman made waves with? 157．Where did Ryan Hickman and many volunteers start a five-week campaign? 158．How many bottles and cans have he and some volunteers collected since 2012? 159．How did Ryan Hickman raise money? 160．What do you think of Ryan Hickman? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末必考题 阅读表达专项训练 ◇Part 01 考向汇总 范围 考向 内容 Unit 1 - Unit 8 考向一 考查话题：平时的爱好、空闲时间的娱乐放松活动 考向二 考查话题：安全、健康知识、保持健康 考向三 考查话题：成长过程中的问题，人生的一些道理，改善情绪 考向四 考查话题：自然奇观介绍，呼吁保护自然 考向五 考查话题：自然灾害，防灾救灾，灾难中人们互相救助 考向六 考查话题：跨文化交流、中西方文化差异、尊重不同文化 考向七 考查话题：读好书、学道理 考向八 考查话题：志愿服务及其意义，帮助他人，回馈社会 ◇Part 02 考题实战 考向一、平时的爱好、空闲时间的娱乐放松活动 01 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 Zeke Vozniak was just 5 years old when his parents took him to his first basketball game. Seeing him have a great interest in it, they bought Zeke a basketball as a present (礼物). He likes his birthday present very much, and often plays basketball with his parents when they are free. One day, Zeke asked his mother, “Mum, can I do a trick shot (花式投篮)?” When his mother said yes, he started practising moves and hasn’t stopped! It takes Zeke about five to twenty minutes to practise a shot, but to him it feels like “100,000 minutes”! The hard work has given him something. Now, Zeke has over 21,000 fans on the Internet. He practises hard every day and is always trying to do new things. “I feel happy each day and it’s just the love of the game,” he said, “But my favourite thing is playing basketball with my friends and family. I feel very happy and relaxed.” “We are like a team. We supported him because we saw his talent when he played it,” his mother said, “We saw his love, we saw his hard work on it, and we saw the happiness that came out of it.” 1．How old was Zeke when his parents took him to his first basketball game? 2．What present did Zeke’s parents buy him? 3．How long does it take Zeke to practise a shot? 4．How many fans does Zeke have on the Internet? 5．What is Zeke’s favourite thing? 【答案】1．He was just 5 years old. 2．They bought him a basketball. 3．It takes him about five to twenty minutes to practise a shot. 4．He has over 21,000 fans on the Internet. 5．His favourite thing is playing basketball with his friends and family. 【导语】本文主要讲述了篮球爱好者齐克（Zeke Vozniak）的故事，介绍了他接触篮球、练习花式投篮的经历，以及家人的支持和他在网络上获得关注的情况。 【详解】1．首段直接描述了齐克第一次接触篮球比赛的年龄：“Zeke Vozniak was just 5 years old when his parents took him to his first basketball game.”，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取即可。 2．首段明确指出父母送给他的礼物：“Seeing him have great interest in it, they bought Zeke a basketball as a present.”，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取即可。 3．第三段直接说明齐克练习一次投篮的时长：“It takes Zeke about five to twenty minutes to practise a shot”，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取即可。 4．第四段明确提到齐克在网络上的粉丝数量：“Now, Zeke has over 21,000 fans on the Internet.”，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取即可。 5．第四段直接引述了齐克自己的话：“But my favourite thing is playing basketball with my friends and family.”，这是原文直接信息。 02 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 My name is Anna, and I’m 14 years old. My favorite hobby is reading. I love reading because it opens up a new world for me. I can learn a lot of things from books that I can’t learn at school. I started reading when I was five years old. My mom used to read storybooks to me before I went to bed every night. Those stories made me fall in love with reading. As I grew older, I began to read by myself. I read all kinds of books, such as fairy tales, history books, and adventure novels. My favorite book is The Little Prince. It’s a very beautiful book with many meaningful stories. I usually read for an hour every day after I finish my homework. I also like to go to the library on weekends. The library has a lot of books, and I can find any book I like there. Sometimes I read with my best friend Lily. We often share our favorite books and talk about the stories in them. Reading has brought me a lot of happiness. It makes me more knowledgeable and also helps me improve my writing skills. I hope I can keep reading as my hobby forever. 6．How old is Anna? 7．Why does Anna love reading? 8．When did Anna start reading? 9．Where does Anna like to go on weekends? 10．What benefits has reading brought to Anna? (Give two points.) 【答案】6．She is 14 years old. 7．Because it opens up a new world for her and she can learn a lot of things from books that she can’t learn at school. 8．When she was five years old. 9．She likes to go to the library on weekends. 10．It has brought her a lot of happiness and made her more knowledgeable. (It also helps her improve her writing skills.) 【导语】本文主要介绍了Anna的阅读爱好，包括她喜欢阅读的原因、开始阅读的时间、阅读习惯以及阅读给她带来的好处。 6．第一段明确提到“My name is Anna, and I’m 14 years old.”，所以直接提取信息可知Anna14岁。 7．第一段表明“I love reading because it opens up a new world for me. I can learn a lot of things from books that I can’t learn at school.”，这是Anna喜欢阅读的原因，直接提取整合信息作答。 8．第二段“I started reading when I was five years old.”可知，Anna五岁开始阅读。 9．第三段提到“I also like to go to the library on weekends.”，说明Anna周末喜欢去图书馆。 10．最后一段提到“Reading has brought me a lot of happiness. It makes me more knowledgeable and also helps me improve my writing skills.”，从中任选两点作答即可，如“It has brought her a lot of happiness and made her more knowledgeable. (It also helps her improve her writing skills.)” 。 03 根据文本内容，在文本后的表格中填入恰当的词语（每空1词），并回答第5小题。 In modern (现代的) society, people have more free time than before. How do they spend it? Different age groups have different hobbies. Teenagers often enjoy active and social activities. Many of them love playing sports like basketball, soccer, or swimming. Others prefer creative hobbies such as painting, playing musical instruments, or writing stories. With the development of technology, some teenagers also like playing video games or watching short videos online. Adults usually have less free time because of work and family responsibilities. However, they still try to relax in their own ways. Some enjoy outdoor activities like hiking, cycling, or gardening. Others prefer indoor hobbies such as reading books, painting, or practicing yoga. On weekends, many adults meet friends for coffee or go to the cinema. Elderly people often choose quieter activities. Walking in the park, playing chess, or chatting with neighbours are popular among them. Some also join community clubs to learn new skills like calligraphy or dancing. No matter the age, free time activities help people reduce stress, stay healthy, and build relationships. They are very important in our life. Free Time Activities are 11 Teenagers ▲ They enjoy active activities like playing sports. ▲ Some prefer creative hobbies such as painting, playing musical instruments, or writing stories. ▲ Others spend time 12 video games or watching short videos online. Adults ▲ They relax through 13 activities like hiking, cycling or gardening. ▲ Some prefer indoor hobbies such as reading books, painting or practicing yoga. Elderly ▲ They often choose quieter activities like walking, playing chess or chatting with neighbours. ▲ Some join community clubs to learn new 14 . What do you do in your free time?(根据自己实际情况作答，合理即可) 15 【答案】11．important 12．playing 13．outdoor 14．skills 15．I often read books and listen to music in my free time. 【导语】本文通过介绍不同年龄段人群的休闲活动，说明了休闲活动在现代生活中的重要性。 11．根据第5段中的“They are very important in our life.”可知，文章明确指出休闲活动在生活中非常重要，且第5段是本篇文章的总结段落。因此应填 important。 12．根据第2段中的“some teenagers also like playing video games or watching short videos online”可知，青少年花时间“玩”电子游戏；且“spend time doing sth.”为固定搭配，动词需要用-ing形式。因此应填playing。 13．根据第3段中的“Some enjoy outdoor activities like hiking, cycling, or gardening.”可知，成年人通过“户外活动”来放松；题干中的“like hiking, cycling or gardening”与原文举例完全一致。因此应填outdoor。 14．根据第4段中的“Some also join community clubs to learn new skills like calligraphy or dancing.”可知，老年人参加社区俱乐部是为了学习新“技能”。因此应填skills。 15．本题是开放性题目，可根据自己实际情况作答，合理即可。 04 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）。 The students’ life today can be very stressful (压力大的). They are under pressure every day. They need a break from it. Parents should ask children to do something else. But do not let them relax in front of the TV. A hobby is the perfect answer. There are many different kinds of hobbies. Chess is a good example. It is a very enjoyable game and it also helps children develop their thinking skills. Collecting something is also a good hobby for children. A child can collect almost anything: key rings, stamps, postcards, old coins and so on. Many of these collections can be both interesting and fun. Some hobbies teach children a lot and open their minds. For example, gardening (园艺) is a useful hobby because it, as a physical activity, is good for children’s health and it also teaches children about nature. A hobby can be a useful learning tool. Children may become experts in something if they really love their hobbies. Children will also learn to become more independent. Hobbies will also teach children a lot about duty (责任). 16．How is the students’ life today? (不超过5个词) 17．How many kinds of hobbies can you find in this passage? (不超过5个词) 18．Why is gardening a useful hobby? (不超过15个词) 【答案】16．It’s stressful/They are under pressure. 17．Three. 18．Because it is good for children’s health and it also teaches children about nature. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当下学生压力大的现状，以及爱好对缓解压力、助力成长的重要作用，并列举了几种适合孩子的有益爱好。 16．根据原文第一段“The students’ life today can be very stressful.” 可知，学生如今的生活充满压力，结合题干“不超过 5 个词”的要求，提炼核心信息作答。 17．根据原文第二段内容，文中提到了三种爱好：下棋（chess）、收藏（collecting things）、园艺（gardening），结合题干“不超过 5 个词”的要求作答。 18．根据原文第二段“gardening is a useful hobby because it, as a physical activity, is good for children’s health and it also teaches children about nature.” 可知园艺是有益爱好的原因是对孩子的健康有好处且教给孩子有关自然的知识，结合题干“不超过 15 个词” 的要求，提炼核心信息作答。 考向二、安全、健康知识、保持健康 05 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Most people have a body temperature of around 37°C． Some people have a normal temperature that is a little higher, while others have a normal temperature that is a little lower. Most people’s body temperature even changes a little bit during the whole day. It’s usually a little lower in the morning and a little higher in the evening. For most kids, their body temperature stays the same from day to day until germs (细菌) go into their body. When a fever starts, your body will get hotter than usual at first, and then you may feel very cold even though the room isn’t cold. It’s very important for you to drink much water when you have a fever, because there isn’t enough water in your body as your body gets hotter. The fever isn’t a big problem. To keep healthy, when you have a fever, you should have a good rest and drink much water. After a few hours, the fever may go away on its own. So many doctors argue that many people with a fever don’t need to take any special medicine unless the fever is making them very uncomfortable. But if you feel very sick with a fever, you must go to a doctor. 19．What’s the body temperature of most people? 20．Do people keep the same temperature all day long? 21．Why is it important to drink much water when you have a fever? 22．When must we go to a doctor according to the passage? 23．What will you do if you have a fever? 【答案】19．Around 37°C. 20．No./No, they don’t. 21．Because there isn’t enough water in your body as your body gets hotter. 22．When we feel very sick with a fever. 23．I will have a good rest and drink much water. (开放性问题，符合情理即可。) 【导语】本文主要介绍了人体正常体温、体温变化规律、发烧时的注意事项以及应对发烧的正确做法。 【详解】19．第一段第一句直接说明大多数人的体温是“around 37°C”，答案是原文直接信息。 20．第二段第一句直接说明人的体温全天会有小变化，不会保持不变，答案是原文直接信息。 21．第三段第二句直接说明发烧时多喝水是因为“there isn’t enough water in your body as your body gets hotter”，答案是原文直接引述。 22．第四段最后一句直接说明必须看医生的情况是“when we feel very sick with a fever”，答案是原文直接信息。 23．本题为开放性试题，文章第四段提到发烧时应该好好休息和多喝水，结合文中建议合理作答即可。 06 We usually go to see a doctor when we are ill. Doctors may give us some medicine, and the medicine often makes us feel better. But sometimes the doctor’s medicine doesn’t work. This happened to one man, Thomas Smith. He was ill in hospital, but he wasn’t getting well. Then he found a new “doctor” inside himself. He saw funny films. He read funny books. And something wonderful happened. Laughing took away his pain after half a year. He could have a good night’s rest. His own happy feeling helped him get well again. He wrote his story in his book. He said laughing was very useful. It was the best “medicine”. Another man, Simon Beck, was also ill, and he had a serious pain in his back. The doctor couldn’t stop it, so the man began to “picture” his pain. In his head he “drew” a picture of a dog. He imagined it to be a real dog. And it was hurting him. Then the man talked softly to the dog. He put his hand on the dog’s head and made friends with it. One year later, his pain went away! These stories may surprise you, but more and more people are getting well in this way. So call on the “doctor” inside your mind, and keep happy and well! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 24．What may doctors give us when we are ill? 25．How long did it take for Thomas Smith’s pain to go away after he started using laughing as his “medicine”? 26．According to Thomas Smith, what was the best “medicine”? 27．What did Simon Beck begin to do when the doctor couldn’t stop his pain? 28．What should we do when the doctor’s medicine doesn’t work? 【答案】24．Some medicine. 25．Half a year. 26．Laughing. 27．He began to “picture” his pain. 28．We should call on the “doctor” inside our mind, and keep happy and well. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过两个真实案例，讲述了除了药物治疗外，积极的心理状态（如欢笑、想象）也能帮助人们恢复健康，告诉我们要学会调用内心的 “医生”，保持快乐与健康。 24．根据第一段中“Doctors may give us some medicine, and the medicine often makes us feel better.”可知，生病时医生可能会给我们开一些药。答案为原文具体信息，直接提取。 25．根据第二段中“Laughing took away his pain after half a year.”可知，半年后他的疼痛消失了。答案为原文具体时间信息，直接提取。 26．根据第二段中“He said laughing was very useful. It was the best ‘medicine’.”可知，他说笑是最好的“药”。答案为原文具体信息，直接提取。 27．根据第三段中“The doctor couldn’t stop it, so the man began to ‘picture’ his pain.”可知，他开始在脑海中“想象”他的疼痛。适当整合原文表述即可。 28．根据最后一段中“So call on the ‘doctor’ inside your mind, and keep happy and well!”可知，我们应该求助于内心的“医生”，保持快乐与健康。答案几乎为原文直接引述。 07 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整，并写在相应位置上。 First-Aid & Safety Training in Dongguan Schools To improve teenagers’ self-protection ability, Dongguan carried out a special first-aid and safety training in 12 middle schools this spring. Over 6,000 students joined the program, learning to deal with common accidents in daily life. The training covered many practical skills. Teachers taught students how to give first aid for cuts, burns and falls. Students also learned key knowledge (知识) about drowning prevention (防溺水) and traffic safety. Besides, they practiced how to call 120 for help correctly and what to do during a fire escape. All the lessons were given through role-plays and real-case (真实事例) sharing. Different from traditional classes, students learned by doing. They used model bandages to dress wounds (包扎伤口), did fire escape drills (逃生演练) and took part in simulated (模拟) traffic safety scenes (场景). These hands-on activities helped students master skills more quickly. Teachers and parents both spoke highly of the program. A head teacher said "These skills are necessary for teenagers to face unexpected (难预料的) dangers.” A parent added, “It makes my child more confident to protect himself.” Such training helps students stay safe and grow up healthily. 29．Why did Dongguan carry out the safety training this spring? 30．What did teachers teach students to do for cuts and burns? 31．What key knowledge did students learn besides drowning prevention? 32．How did students learn safety skills in the program? 33．How many students benefited from the program? 【答案】29．To improve teenagers' self-protection ability. 30．They taught students how to give first aid for cuts and burns. 31．They also learned key knowledge about traffic safety besides drowning prevention. 32．They learned by doing, through role-plays, real-case sharing, hands-on activities like using model bandages, doing fire escape drills and taking part in simulated traffic safety scenes. 33．Over 6,000 students benefited from the program. 【导语】本文介绍了东莞开展的校园急救与安全培训项目，包括培训目的、内容、形式以及师生和家长的评价。 29．文章第一段指出“To improve teenagers' self-protection ability, Dongguan carried out a special first-aid and safety training in 12 middle schools this spring.”，开展培训的目的是提升青少年的自我保护能力。 30．文章第二段指出“Teachers taught students how to give first aid for cuts, burns and falls.”，老师教学生如何为割伤和烧伤提供急救。 31．文章第二段指出“Students also learned key knowledge about drowning prevention and traffic safety.”，除了防溺水知识，学生还学习了交通安全的关键知识。 32．文章第三段“Different from traditional classes, students learned by doing. They used model bandages to dress wounds, did fire escape drills and took part in simulated traffic safety scenes. These hands-on activities helped students master skills more quickly.”以及第二段指出“All the lessons were given through role-plays and real-case sharing.”，学生通过实操学习，包括角色扮演、真实案例分享、使用模型绷带包扎伤口、进行火灾逃生演练和参与模拟交通安全场景等实践活动。 33．文章第一段指出“Over 6,000 students joined the program, learning to deal with common accidents in daily life.”，超过6000名学生参与并从该项目中受益。 08 阅读以下材料，根据要求完成下列各小题。 Many children use the internet to get knowledge and useful information, and relax in their free time. But some of them aren’t using it in a good way. Here are some rules to make sure you’ re safe and have fun on the internet. Firstly, you should make rules for internet use with your parents. For example, when you can go online, for how long and what activities you can do online. Secondly, don’t give your password to anyone else, and never leak out (泄露) ________ information such as your real name, home address, age, school and phone number. Thirdly, never send a photo of yourself to someone in e-mails unless (除非) your parents say it’s OK. Check with your parents before going into a chat room. Different chat rooms have different rules and attract (吸引) different kinds of people. You and your parents must make sure it’s the right place for you. And you should never agree to meet someone you met on the internet without your parents’ permission (允许). Never meet anyone you knew online alone. Then tell your parents or teachers about it. Next, you should treat other people online as you’d like to be treated. Never use bad words. Finally, please remember that not everything you read on the internet is true. 34．根据文章内容，在________处填一个合适的词。 35．What’s the purpose of using the internet for children? 36．List one thing that children should never do online without their parents’ permission. 37．将文中画线句子翻译成汉语。 38．What can you do to protect yourself when using the internet? (开放性题目) 【答案】34．personal/private 35．To get knowledge and useful information, and relax in their free time. 36．Never send a photo of yourself to someone in e-mails without your parents’ permission./Never agree to meet someone you met on the internet without your parents’ permission (二者择一即可) 37．永远不要单独去见你在网上认识的任何人 38．I won’t tell my personal information to strangers online. (合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了儿童安全使用互联网的几条规则。 34．根据第3段中的“such as your real name, home address, age, school and phone number”可知，真实姓名、家庭住址、年龄、学校和电话号码都是个人/私人信息，所以填personal“个人的”/private“私人的”。 35．根据第1段中的“Many children use the internet to get knowledge and useful information, and relax in their free time.”可知，许多孩子利用互联网获取知识和有用信息，并在空闲时间放松身心。 36．根据第4段中的“Thirdly, never send a photo of yourself to someone in e-mails unless (除非) your parents say it’s OK.”和第5段中的“And you should never agree to meet someone you met on the internet without your parents’ permission (允许).”可知，没有父母的允许孩子们不能在电子邮件中给别人发自己的照片，不能去见网上认识的人。 37．Never意为“永远不要”；meet意为“见”；anyone you knew online意为“你在网上认识的任何人”；alone意为“独自；单独”。 38．这是一道开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可，可以从保护个人隐私和不单独会见网友方面来回答。 考向三、成长过程中的问题，人生的一些道理，改善情绪 09 阅读短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 My name is Jane. I am 14 years old. My best friend is Mary. She is as old as me. We are in the same class. She is a tall girl with short straight hair. She is very outgoing and helpful. But I am a little shy. I am afraid to speak in front of others. However, Mary often helps to bring out the best in me. She always asks me to do meaningful things with her. Last week, we volunteered to help in a nursing home. I felt so happy to help others. I am poor at math, so Mary always helps me with it after class. Sometimes I can’t understand well, so she explains again and again. She is really patient. Now I get better grades in math than before. In order to make me brave, Mary and I join some clubs in our school together. We join the music club and the volleyball club. Now, I’ve changed into an outgoing and helpful girl, too. 39．What’s the relationship between Jane and Mary? 40．What does Mary look like? 41．Use a word in the text to describe Mary.   42．Write an ending for the text. (within 15 words.) 【答案】39．Best friends. 40．She is a tall girl with short straight hair. 41．Outgoing/Helpful/Patient. 42．I’m so lucky to have a friend like her./So I think it’s unnecessary to be the same as your friend. 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jane介绍她的好朋友Mary，描述了Mary的外貌和性格，以及Mary如何在生活和学习上帮助Jane，使Jane变得更加外向和优秀。 【详解】39．根据文章第1段“My best friend is Mary.”可推知Jane和Mary是最好的朋友关系。因此答案是原文直接信息。 40．根据第一段“She is a tall girl with short straight hair.”可知，Mary是高个子，留着短直发。因此答案是原文直接信息。 41．根据文章第1段“She is very outgoing and helpful.”以及“She is really patient.”可知文中用来形容Mary的词汇有outgoing, helpful和patient，任选一个即可。因此答案是原文直接信息。 42．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。结合文章内容，Jane在Mary的帮助下变得更加自信和外向，因此结尾可表达感激或总结友谊的意义，合理作答即可。 10 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。(第1题至4题每空不超过3个词，第5题需用完整句子回答。) How do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of class? How do you feel when you go to a birthday party? Do you get really shy? Shyness means feeling nervous or frightened when you’re around other people. Experts have found that more than 80 percent of middle school students feel afraid to be the center of attention. Some kids are born shy. Some become shy later because of their life experiences. It’s OK if it takes you a while to feel yourself again when you go to a new place or meet new people. In fact, everybody gets a little shy sometimes. It’s just a case of how much. Most people have red faces and talk in broken sentences when they get shy. But some become so shy that they won’t go to a restaurant because they are too nervous to order and pay the bill. Some are afraid of meeting new people, so they seldom go outside. This kind of shyness can be bad for a person. If shyness doesn’t stop you from doing something you want to do, being shy isn’t a very big problem. Some experts say shy people are quieter and cleverer because they think more and talk less. Shy people are also good at working with others because they think more for other people. Some great people in history were shy, too. You see, being shy isn’t all bad. But remember not to let good chances pass by just because of it! If you have to sing a song at a birthday party or practise your spoken English in front of others, just do it! There’s nothing to be afraid of. Shyness Meaning To feel 43 . Causes (原因) To be the center of attention. To 44 . To have life experiences. Effects (影响) 45 To have red faces. To talk in broken sentences. To be afraid of meeting new people. Good effects To be quieter and cleverer. To be good at 46 . Advice 47 【答案】43．nervous or frightened 44．be born shy 45．Bad effects 46．working with others 47．We should remember not to let good chances pass by just because we are shy./Remember not to let good chances pass by because of shyness. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了“害羞”这一心理现象，详细介绍了害羞的含义、产生的原因、带来的不良影响与积极影响，并在最后给出了克服害羞、把握机会的建议。 【详解】43．第二段明确给出害羞的定义“Shyness means feeling nervous or frightened when you’re around other people”，因此答案是原文直接信息，害羞意味着感到紧张或害怕。 44．表格中“Causes (原因)”部分，第二段提到“Some kids are born shy. Some become shy later because of their life experiences”，其中“born shy”是害羞的原因之一，与“To be the center of attention”和“To have life experiences”并列，故填be born shy。 45．表格中该栏下列举的内容“To have red faces”、“To talk in broken sentences”以及“To be afraid of meeting new people”均属于害羞的负面影响，第四段也指出“This kind of shyness can be bad for a person”，因此填Bad effects，与右栏“Good effects”形成对比。 46．第五段指出“Shy people are also good at working with others because they think more for other people”，害羞的人也善于与他人合作。 47．最后一段给出建议“But remember not to let good chances pass by just because of it!”以及“just do it! There’s nothing to be afraid of”，综合可知作者建议人们要抓住机会、不要因害羞而错失良机，答案不唯一，意思对即可。 11 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 Relaxation is important for everyone, especially for students. As students, we often feel stressed because of study. We have a lot of homework to do every day, and we have to take many exams. If we don’t relax properly, we may become tired and ill. So it’s necessary for us to find good ways to relax. There are many ways to relax. Some students like to listen to music. Music can make us feel calm and happy. Some students like to go for a walk in nature. The fresh air and beautiful scenery can help us forget our worries. Some students like to do sports, such as running, swimming, and playing ball games. Sports can not only make us healthy but also help us relax. Some students like to talk to their friends or family. Sharing our feelings with others can make us feel better. Last term, I was very stressed because of my final exam. I had a lot of homework and I didn’t have enough time to relax. I felt tired every day and couldn’t focus on my study. My mother noticed my problem and advised me to take a walk after dinner every day. I followed her advice. Every evening, I went for a walk in the park near my home. The fresh air and beautiful flowers made me feel relaxed. I also started to listen to light music before going to bed. After a few weeks, I felt much better. I could focus on my study and got good grades in the final exam. I think that relaxation is not a waste of time. It can help us study better and live a happier life. We should find the right way to relax and keep a good balance between study and relaxation. 48．What is important for everyone, especially for students? is important for everyone, especially for students. 49．Where do some students like to go for a walk to relax? Some students like to go for a walk . 50．Why was the writer very stressed last term? Last term, I was very stressed because of . 51．How did the writer relax after following her mother’s advice? The writer relaxed herself by . 52．What do you think of the relationship between relaxation and study? I think relaxation can . 【答案】48．Relaxation 49．in nature 50．my final exam 51．taking a walk and listening to light music 52．help us study better 【导语】本文主要介绍了放松对每个人尤其是学生的重要性，列举了听音乐、去自然中散步、做运动、与亲友交谈等多种放松方式，并以作者自身因期末考试压力大而通过散步和听轻音乐成功放松的经历为例，最后强调放松不是浪费时间，能帮助我们更好地学习和生活。 【详解】48．文章第一段第一句明确指出“Relaxation is important for everyone, especially for students.”，题干直接问什么对每个人尤其是学生很重要，答案即为主语“Relaxation”，因此第一空应填“Relaxation”。 49．文章第二段中明确提到“Some students like to go for a walk in nature.”，题目问一些学生喜欢去哪里散步来放松，直接提取地点状语即可，因此第二空应填“in nature”。 50．文章第三段开头明确指出“Last term, I was very stressed because of my final exam.”，题目问作者上学期为什么压力很大，原因即为“my final exam”，因此第三空应填“my final exam”。 51．文章第三段中提到作者听从妈妈建议后“Every evening, I went for a walk in the park near my home.”以及“I also started to listen to light music before going to bed.”，题目要求用“by + doing”的形式概括放松方式，需将“went for a walk”和“listen to light music”转化为动名词形式，因此第四空应填“taking a walk and listening to light music”。 52．文章第四段明确指出“It can help us study better and live a happier life.”，题目问放松与学习之间的关系，直接提取“help us study better”即可，因此第五空应填“help us study better”。 12 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。1—4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。 We all have days when we are down, tired and unhappy. That’s OK. You need days like this. You will enjoy your good days more than bad days. Even if sadness is a part of life, let’s try to make it small. Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad. Smile! It’s easy to do and have good results. This way can not only leave you in a good mood but also bring others a good mood. Listen to music. It can be your favorite music. Some kinds of music work better than others. So try and find out what kind of music works the best for you. Take some “me” time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching the sunrise or having a hot bath or something like that. Exercise. Even something as simple as taking a walk will get your blood flowing (流动). It is a helpful way to clear your mind of anything that makes you sad. These ways will cheer you up when you are down, but don’t just use them when you are sad, trying to practice them every day to make them habits. You will be surprised to learn that these simple ways will keep your sadness away. But if you are in a deep depression, go to see a doctor. How to Beat Sadness Opinions It is OK to feel down, tired and unhappy. It is possible to make sadness a(n) 53 of life. 54 to cheer you up Smiling at others can bring both you and others 55 Listening to your favorite music works best 56 in everyday life, such as watching a sunrise Taking a walk helps you clear your mind of sad things Which way do you prefer to use to deal with sadness according to the passage? Why? 57 【答案】53．small part 54．Simple ways/ways 55．a good mood 56．Finding pleasure/Taking “me” time 57．示例：I prefer listening to music because it can make me relaxed. 【导语】本文介绍了几种应对悲伤情绪的方法，帮助人们调整心情、保持积极状态。 53．第一段提到“Even if sadness is a part of life, let’s try to make it small.”，说明悲伤虽是生活的一部分，但我们可以让它变得微不足道，因此填“small part”。 54．第一段提到“Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad.”，表格右侧列举了微笑、听音乐、独处、锻炼等具体做法，对应文中提到的帮助改善心情的方法，因此填“simple ways”或“ways”。 55．第二段提到“This way can not only leave you in a good mood but also bring others a good mood.”，说明微笑能给自己和他人都带来好心情，因此填“a good mood”。 56．第四段提到“Take some ‘me’ time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching the sunrise or having a hot bath...”，文段介绍了可以享受独处时光，从看日出等日常小事中获得乐趣，因此填“Finding pleasure”或“Taking ‘me’ time”。 57．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，需结合文中提到的方法作答，观点需符合常理、言之有理即可。 考向四、自然奇观介绍，呼吁保护自然 13 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The famous Changbai Mountains lie in Northeast China. The name means “Forever White Mountains”. The mountains got this name because of their beautiful snow-covered peaks (山峰). People began to use the name the Changbai Mountains around the 10th century (世纪). Before that, the mountains had many other names in history, such as Buxian Shan and Dandan Daling. The Changbai Mountains are beautiful all year round and you can take a trip there anytime, but the best time is between June and September. Because the weather is cool and comfortable. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. Also, during these months, the mountain landscape is very beautiful. It begins to snow in October. If people want to enjoy snow and go skiing, they can come from November to March. The Changbai Mountains are home to lots of animals as well. Chinese mergansers (中华秋沙鸭) are among them. This kind of bird is as rare (珍贵的) as the panda. One of the most famous parts of the mountains is Tianchi. It is the world’s highest crater lake (火山湖). It is the source of some great rivers like the Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River. 58．When did people begin to use the name the Changbai Mountains? 59．Why is the period between June and September the best time for visitors to take a trip to the Changbai Mountains? 60．What can people do there in November? 61．What will you do first if you visit the Changbai Mountains? And why? (Write 30 words or more.) 【答案】58．Around the 10th century. 59．Because the weather is cool and comfortable and the landscape is beautiful. 60．They can enjoy snow and go skiing. 61．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：If I visit the Changbai Mountains, I will first go to see Tianchi. Because it is the world’s highest crater lake and one of the most famous parts of the mountains, and I want to enjoy its amazing natural beauty with my own eyes. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了长白山的地理位置、名字由来及历史、最佳旅游时间及活动、珍稀动物以及天池的相关信息。 【详解】58．第一段明确提到“People began to use the name the Changbai Mountains around the 10th century.”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 59．第二段指出“...but the best time is between June and September. Because the weather is cool and comfortable. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. Also, during these months, the mountain landscape is very beautiful.”，这是文中的具体原因信息，直接提取整合即可。 60．第二段提到“If people want to enjoy snow and go skiing, they can come from November to March.”，因此11月人们可以做的活动是原文直接信息。 61．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实，结合文章内容和自己对长白山的看法、理由，合理作答即可。参考答案：If I visit the Changbai Mountains, I will first go to see Tianchi. Because it is the world’s highest crater lake and one of the most famous parts of the mountains, and I want to enjoy its amazing natural beauty with my own eyes. 14 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Located in Africa, the Sahara Desert covers 30 per cent of the whole continent. Known as “the great desert” in Arabic, it is about 9 million square kilometres in size, with a history of over 4.6 million years, making it one of the oldest places in the world. As the world’s largest hot desert, the Sahara is extremely dry and hot all year round. However, not all deserts are hot. For example, scientists regard Antarctica as a typical cold desert. Most of the Sahara is rocky land. Besides, it also has grasslands, lakes, mountains and sand seas, which look like endless oceans of sand. When the wind blows, the sand looks like waves. Life in the Sahara is difficult. Around 2 million people live in this area. They usually move from place to place. There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round. Few animals can live in a place with such a dry and hot climate. They must adapt to survive. Camels can live for a long time without water, and can drink over 100 litres of water in just 13 minutes. Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. Today, the Sahara is getting even bigger. It is 10 per cent larger than it was a century ago. But why is it growing? Some scientists believe that part of the reason is climate change. As temperatures rise, summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls. Water bodies get smaller and the ground gets drier and drier. If we do not take effective measures, the desert will keep growing! 62．How old is the Sahara Desert according to the passage? 63．Where can some people live all year round in the Sahara? 64．What special ability do fennec foxes have to live in the hot desert? 65．Why is the Sahara Desert becoming bigger and bigger these days? 66．What can we humans do to stop the desert from growing? 【答案】62．It is over 4.6 million years old. 63．They can live in the places with water in the Sahara. 64．They have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. 65．Because of climate change. (The rising temperatures, less rain, smaller water bodies and drier land make it grow.) 66．We can plant more trees, save water and take actions to slow down climate change. 【导语】本文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的面积、气候、地貌、居民、动物以及沙漠扩张的原因。 【详解】62．第一段提到撒哈拉沙漠已有超过460万年的历史“with a history of over 4.6 million years”，答案是原文直接信息。 63．第四段提到撒哈拉沙漠有一些地方有水，有些人全年居住在那里“There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round”，答案是原文直接信息。 64．第五段提到耳廓狐有大耳朵来帮助身体保持凉爽“Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool”，答案是原文直接信息。 65．最后一段提到撒哈拉沙漠扩张的部分原因是气候变化“part of the reason is climate change”，答案是原文直接信息。 66．开放题，答案不唯一。需结合沙漠扩张的原因（如气候变化、干旱等），提出阻止沙漠扩大的措施，合理即可。 15 Chaka Salt Lake (茶卡盐湖) lies in Qinghai Province, China. It sits at an altitude (海拔) of about 3,100 metres and covers an area of about 105 square kilometres. It is rich in salt with a heavy salt bed close to the lake surface. That makes the lake a main source (来源) of salt in our country. When the weather is clear, the lake offers beautiful reflections (倒影) of the blue sky. That is why people call it the “sky mirror (天空之镜)”. Because of its wonderful views, the lake is seen as one of the “must-visit” places in China. The beautiful sunrise and sunset views are the most attractive. Every July, large numbers of visitors begin to crowd to Chaka Salt Lake. And the situation usually lasts till the end of August, because they just don’t want to miss the best time to go there. It is believed that with the summer breeze (微风), breathing in the salty air is especially good for lungs. If you want to go on a trip to the lake, the following tips may be helpful: *The salt in the lake can’t be eaten directly. *Wear sunglasses and a hat because of the strong sunshine. *You may want to take quite a few photos, so you’d better take your camera with you. *Prepare some medicine beforehand so that you can deal with altitude sickness in time. Travelling to such a beautiful world of salt with snowy mountains and green grass around, you will feel like you are in a fairyland. But you also need to protect the natural beauty while enjoying it. 前3题每题答案不超过10个词，第4题答案词数不限 67．How many tips are given in the passage to go on a trip to Chaka Salt Lake? 68．What makes Chaka Salt Lake one of the “must-visit” places in China? 69．When is the best time to visit Chaka Salt Lake? 70．What do you think of Chaka Salt Lake? What should tourists do to protect it? 【答案】67．Four. 68．Its wonderful views. 69．From July to the end of August. 70．I think it’s a beautiful and magical fairyland. Tourists should not damage the salt bed or leave the rubbish in the lake water. (答案不唯一) 【导语】本文介绍了茶卡盐湖的地理位置、特点、最佳旅游时间以及给游客的旅行建议。 【详解】67．第三段给出了四条旅行提示：盐不能直接食用、戴太阳镜和帽子、带上相机、提前准备药物应对高原反应，因此答案是Four。 68．第二段提到茶卡盐湖因其美景被视为中国的必游之地“Because of its wonderful views, the lake is seen as one of the ‘must-visit’ places”，因此答案是Its wonderful views。 69．第二段提到每年7月大量游客开始涌入茶卡盐湖，这种情况通常会持续到8月底，因此最佳旅游时间是7月到8月底“Every July...lasts till the end of August”，答案是From July to the end of August。 70．开放题，答案不唯一。需结合茶卡盐湖的美景和文中提到的保护要求，表达自己的看法并提出保护建议，合理即可。 16 阅读下面的短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 Have you ever been to Dongting Lake? It’s famous as “800-li Dongting Lake”. Dongting Lake is in the north of Hunan Province. (1) 它的面积约为2,625平方千米。 It is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. Every year, thousands of tourists from all over the world come to Yueyang in order to enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake. With the development of our society, protecting Dongting Lake has become a hot topic. In fact, people of Yueyang are trying to improve the environment of the lake. On the one hand, they set up East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve (保护区) in 1982. It provides a good place for birds and rare (珍稀的) animals. If you go there, you can see birds flying and milu deer (麋鹿) eating grass in East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve. On the other hand, factories mustn’t put waste water into the lake. Fishes are living in the clean water. At the same time, they plant colourful flowers and green trees along Dongting Lake. It is nice for people to go there when flowers come out and leaves turn green. Dongting Lake is the mother lake in Hunan Province. (2) Each of us should try our best to protect it. 71．Where is Dongting Lake? 72．Why do many tourists come to Yueyang every year? 73．What can you see if you go to East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve? 74．把（1）处画线句子翻译成英文。 75．把（2）处画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】71．It’s in the north of Hunan Province. 72．To enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake. 73．We can see birds flying and milu deer eating grass. 74．It is about 2,625 square kilometres in size. 75．我们每个人都应该尽全力保护它。 【导语】本文主要介绍了洞庭湖的地理位置、面积、地位、旅游资源，以及岳阳人民为保护洞庭湖所采取的措施，包括建立自然保护区、治理工厂污水、植树种花等。 【详解】71．第一段直接给出了洞庭湖的位置：“Dongting Lake is in the north of Hunan Province.” 因此答案为原文直接信息。 72．第一段最后一句明确说明了游客来岳阳的目的：“Thousands of tourists from all over the world come to Yueyang in order to enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake.” 因此答案为原文直接信息，可用动词不定式表达目的。 73．第二段中提到：“If you go there, you can see birds flying and milu deer eating grass in East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve.” 因此答案为原文信息整合。 74．“它的面积约为2,625平方千米。”译为It is about 2,625 square kilometres in size.翻译时注意：“它”指代“洞庭湖”，译为“It”；“面积”译为“size”；“约为”译为“is about”；“2,625平方千米”直接写为“2,625 square kilometres”；“它的面积是……”可表达为“It is ... square kilometres in size”。 75．“Each of us should try our best to protect it.”译为我们每个人都应该尽全力保护它。翻译时注意：“Each of us”译为“我们每个人”；“should try our best”译为“应该尽全力”；“to protect it”中的“it”指代“洞庭湖”，译为“保护它”。 考向五、自然灾害，防灾救灾，灾难中人们互相救助 17 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Last Friday, a storm swept through two villages, destroying fourteen homes completely. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs (屋顶). One person died, several were badly hurt and taken to the hospital, and a number of other people received minor injuries (轻伤). Altogether (总共) over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. Mr. Tan, a farmer, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said. “A few minutes later, part of the house fell down. We tried our best to climb out, but then I found that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him safe but very scared.” Mrs. Woo said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that the house was shaking. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said. “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers (士兵) helped to take people out of the flooded area, and the welfare department (福利机构) provided them with food, clothes and shelter (避难所). 76．How many people lost their homes after the storm? 77．How long did the storm last? 78．What was Mr. Tan doing when the storm happened? 79．How should we prepare for and stay safe in bad weather or natural disasters? 【答案】76．Over two hundred people. 77．For over an hour. 78．He was eating with his wife and children. 79．We should listen to weather reports and prepare emergency kits. When disasters happen, stay calm and follow instructions. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一场暴风雨袭击了两个村庄，造成了房屋损坏和人员伤亡，以及随后的救援情况。 【详解】76．根据原文第一段“Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.”，这是原文中的具体人数信息，直接提取。 77．根据原文第二段“Mr. Tan, a farmer, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.”，这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 78．根据原文第二段“‘I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,’ he said.”，这是原文中的具体行为信息，直接提取。 79．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实和生活常识。结合应对恶劣天气或自然灾害的安全常识，给出合理的准备与避险建议即可。 18 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过三个词。 On May 12th every year, China holds National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day (全国防灾减灾日). We set up this special day to teach people practical (实用的) safety knowledge and necessary survival (生存) skills. For middle school students, it’s very important to learn some survival skills to prepare for sudden earthquakes. First of all, when an earthquake happens, we must stay calm and never panic or shout loudly, which can help us take action wisely and avoid unnecessary accidents. Second, we should hide under desks in time and avoid falling objects from hitting us, such as windows, lights and other easy-to-break objects. Third, after the earthquake stops, we should not rush out at once. We need to check if there is any danger around first, and then leave the room in an orderly way. Using these earthquake safety skills brings us a lot of benefits—it can not only protect us from danger but also reduce our fear when facing disasters. Many schools in China hold regular earthquake drills (演习) to help students practice and remember these skills. In order to keep ourselves and others safe when the earthquake hits, we must be serious about the drills, follow teachers’ instructions carefully and learn these skills well. China holds the National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day on May 12th so that 80 . Here are some useful earthquake safety skills. First, 81 at the time of the earthquake. Second, hide under desks and 82 falling objects and other dangers. Third, make sure of safety and leave in order. 83 because they can keep us safe and make us less scared. So we should take the drills seriously and learn the skills well. 【答案】80．people can get useful safety knowledge and survival skills/people can gain useful safety knowledge and survival abilities 81．stay calm and don’t panic/keep calm and avoid shouting 82．avoid/stay away from/keep away from 83．These skills are very beneficial/It’s important to learn these skills/Learning these skills brings us many benefits 【导语】本文介绍了中国设立全国防灾减灾日的目的，并为中学生提供了三点地震安全技能：保持冷静、及时躲避、确认安全后有序撤离，同时强调了掌握这些技能和认真对待演习的重要性。 【详解】80．第一段指出：“We set up this special day to teach people practical safety knowledge and necessary survival skills.”概要中“so that”用于引导目的状语从句，表达设立这个日子的目的。故答案为原文信息提取整合。 81．第二段中指出：“First of all, when an earthquake happens, we must stay calm and never panic or shout loudly...”概要中“First”后需要概括第一条技能的核心内容。故答案为原文信息提取整合。 82．第二段中指出：“Second, we should hide under desks in time and avoid falling objects hitting us” 概要中空格后为“falling objects and other dangers.”，需要补充“避免”（落物等危险）。故答案为原文信息提取整合。 83．第三段第一句指出：“Using these earthquake safety skills brings us a lot of benefits—it can not only protect us from danger but also reduce our fear when facing disasters.” 概要中空格前文已列举三点技能，后面说“because they can keep us safe and make us less scared”，需要填一个承上启下的句子，指出学习这些技能的好处或重要性。故答案为原文信息提取整合。 19 阅读短文，根据短文内容，回答下面6个问题。 An earthquake is a terrible natural disaster. It happens under the ground suddenly. When a strong earthquake comes, many buildings may fall down. People may get hurt or lose their homes. Though we can’t stop earthquakes, we can learn ways to keep safe. When the earthquake happens indoors, we should hide under strong desks or tables. We must stay away from windows. If we are outside, we should run to open and safe places right away. After the earthquake, don’t walk near broken buildings and wires. We should stay calm and help each other. 84．What kind of natural disaster does the passage talk about? 85．Where does an earthquake happen? 86．What may happen when a strong earthquake comes? 87．What should we do if we are indoors during the earthquake? 88．Should we stay near windows when the earthquake comes? 89．Do you think it is necessary to have earthquake drills (演习) in the school? Why? 【答案】84．It talks about earthquakes./Earthquakes. 85．It happens under the ground./Under the ground. 86．Many buildings may fall down and people may get hurt or lose their homes. 87．We should hide under strong desks or tables and stay away from windows. 88．No, we shouldn’t. 89．Yes, I think so. Because earthquake drills teach us to keep safe and stay away from danger. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震的危害以及地震发生时室内、室外的安全自救方法。 【详解】84．根据第1段“An earthquake is a terrible natural disaster.”直接提取信息，说明文章介绍的自然灾害是地震。 85．根据第1段“It happens under the ground suddenly.”直接提取地点信息，说明地震发生在地下。 86．根据第1段“When a strong earthquake comes, many buildings may fall down. People may get hurt or lose their homes.”整合提取两处内容，概括强烈地震来临时会发生的后果。 87．根据第2段“…we should hide under strong desks or tables. We must stay away from windows.”整合提取两条做法，概括地震在室内时我们应该做的事情。 88．根据第2段“We must stay away from windows.”判断，地震时不能靠近窗户，所以作否定回答。 89．本题为开放题，答案不唯一。先明确表态，再说明理由。校园地震演习能教会学生避险自救、保持冷静，遇到地震可以保护自己，语句通顺、贴合文意即可。 20 阅读下面的短文，回答问题或将划线部分译成中文。 A strong earthquake hit central Myanmar (缅甸) on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time). The earthquake was 7.9 in magnitude (震级) and happened 30 kilometers underground. The center of the earthquake was near Sagaing Region, close to China’s border. The earthquake caused serious damage. In Myanmar, 144 people died and 732 were injured. Many buildings in Mandalay and Naypyidaw fell down. Important places like the Sagaing Bridge and Mandalay Airport were destroyed. In Thailand, a tall building in Bangkok collapsed (倒塌), killing three people. In China’s Yunnan Province, two people were slightly hurt. Rescue work was difficult because roads were damaged. China sent a medical team with drones (无人机) to help. The United Nations promised $5 million for aid. Scientists say Myanmar is on the Sagaing Fault, where two big earth plates meet. This area often has strong earthquakes. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect ourselves, because it is not a game. Second, we should get ready for everything in time,” said Adelina, a teacher of the Middle School. Although all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 90．When did the earthquake happen? 91．How many people were injured in Myanmar? 92．Why was rescue work challenging after the earthquake? 93．What will you do if you face an earthquake? 94．将划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】90．It happened on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time). 91．732 people were injured in Myanmar. 92．Because roads were damaged. 93．I will run out of the buildings quickly. (答案不唯一) 94．尽管学校所有的建筑物都被损坏了，但每个人都是安全的。 【导语】本文报道了2025年3月28日缅甸发生的7.9级强震，介绍了地震造成的伤亡与破坏情况、救援工作面临的困难以及国际援助，同时通过一位教师的讲述强调了掌握自救技能的重要性。 90．第一段提到“A strong earthquake hit central Myanmar on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time).”，说明地震发生在2025年3月28日北京时间下午2点20分。 91．第二段提到“In Myanmar, 144 people died and 732 were injured.”，说明缅甸有732人受伤。 92．第三段提到“Rescue work was difficult because roads were damaged.”，说明救援工作困难是因为道路被损坏。 93．本题为主观开放题，答案不唯一。结合文中提到的师生因掌握逃生技能而迅速跑出建筑物，写出应对地震的合理做法即可。 94．“Although all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe”译为“尽管学校所有的建筑物都被损坏了，但每个人都是安全的”。Although译为“尽管”；all the buildings in the school译为“学校所有的建筑物”；were broken译为“被损坏”；everyone was safe译为“每个人都是安全的”。 考向六、跨文化交流、中西方文化差异、尊重不同文化 21 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。 In ancient China, willow branches (柳枝) were often used as gifts to friends or family members who would leave. Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye? One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this special feature, when saying goodbye to loved ones, giving a willow branch is a way to tell them that you hope they will easily get used to their new living places. Another reason is that, in Chinese, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu (柳)” is similar to the character “liu (留)”. So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking others to stay, even though you knew that they must leave. It is said that the custom became popular in the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and gave willow branches to people who were going to depart. Willow branches, as a symbol of saying goodbye, were often mentioned in poems, especially during the Tang and Song dynasties. 95．In ancient China, willow branches were a symbol of . 96．From the passage, giving a willow branch is a way to hope others will the new living places easily. 97．Giving a willow branch in ancient China was like . 98．In the Han Dynasty, it was popular for people to say goodbye at in Chang’an. 99．There were many poems which mentioned willow branches, especially during the . 【答案】95．saying goodbye 96．get used to 97．asking others to stay 98．Baqiao 99．Tang and Song dynasties 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代用柳枝作为送别礼物的原因。 95．直接找到文章首句关键词“a symbol of saying goodbye”，答案明确。 96．第二段结尾处说明送柳枝是希望对方“easily get used to”新环境，注意原文用的是“will easily get used to”，此处动词短语需保持一致。 97．第三段中“giving a willow branch…was like asking others to stay”，注意like后跟动名词，答案即为“asking others to stay”。 98．第四段具体地点为“Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an”，专有名词首字母大写。 99．最后一段指出唐宋诗词中常提及柳枝，填“Tang and Song dynasties”。注意复数形式。 22 根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词，每空一词。 Kids aren’t born with good manners. They learn manners firstly from parents, so the most important way you can pass good manners to your kids is to show an example and keep talking about good manners at home. You can’t avoid these two passwords in your home: “please” and “thank you”. Start by modeling them when your children are only months old. As they get older, remind (提醒) them gently when they forget. They will get in the habit of saying “May I please have a glass of milk?” instead of “I want milk!” My daughter went through a shy phase (阶段). She found it difficult to say “thank you” to people she didn’t know well. I knew that she wasn’t being impolite—she just wasn’t used to talking with strangers. We came up with a good idea. She would try her best to look at the person who helped her and smile. I’d then jump in and say, “She’s saying thank you with her eyes.” It wasn’t long before she said the words herself, and I helped her get there. Picking nose, talking while eating, running around. These acts are usually seen in childhood. For all these acts, you can find a simple password that gives your child a sign to show it’s not the best choice of action in public places. We use the word “inappropriate (不恰当的)”, but it doesn’t mean these actions are always bad. It only tells children that these actions have a time and a place, but “not here, not now”. Start with “please” and “thank you” To help kids form good manners, parents should set good 100 and talk about manners with kids. Say “please” and “thank you” We should use “please” and “thank you” at 101 . Parents should 102 teaching children when they are months old. If children don’t 103 to say the words, remind them. Help children go through a 104 phase Children might be shy to talk with strangers,but it doesn’t 105 they are impolite. Children should try to be polite, and 106 can offer help. Use a  simple password as a 107 Some actions shouldn’t be seen as bad manners, but they are not welcome in 108 . Parents can use a simple password to 109 children from acting in that way. 【答案】100．examples 101．home 102．start 103．remember 104．shy 105．mean 106．parents 107．sign 108．public 109．stop 【导语】本文介绍了父母如何帮助孩子养成良好礼仪，包括使用“请”和“谢谢”、帮助孩子度过害羞阶段，以及用一个简单的提示词来规范孩子在公共场合的行为。 100．第一段指出“the most important way...is to show an example”，即父母应该树立良好的“榜样”，set examples为固定搭配，应填“examples”。 101．第二段指出“You can’t avoid these two passwords in your home”，即在家里要使用“请”和“谢谢”，因此应填“home”。 102．第二段指出“Start by modeling them when your children are only months old”，即父母应该在孩子几个月大时“开始”教他们，应填“start”。 103．第二段指出“remind them gently when they forget”，即孩子忘记说礼貌用语时父母要提醒，故填 remember。 104．第三段指出“My daughter went through a shy phase”，即帮助孩子度过“害羞”阶段，应填“shy”。 105．第三段指出“I knew that she wasn’t being impolite”，即害羞并不意味着孩子不礼貌，doesn’t mean that...为常用结构，应填“mean”。 106．第三段指出母亲在孩子用眼睛说谢谢后“jump in and say”，即“父母”可以提供帮助，应填“parents”。 107．第四段指出“you can find a simple password that gives your child a sign”，即用一个简单的提示词作为“信号/提示”，因此应填“sign”。 108．第四段指出“in public places...‘not here, not now’”，即某些行为在“公共场合”不受欢迎，应填“public”。 109．第四段指出“gives your child a sign to show it’s not the best choice”，即用提示词“阻止”孩子做出不当行为，stop sb. from doing sth.为常用结构，应填“stop”。 23 Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof (屋顶) of a house in order to get a new tooth. In other Asian countries, such as China and Japan, children follow a similar tradition of throwing lost teeth on the roofs of houses. Birds aren’t the only animals to take lost teeth. In Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered as guardians (守护者) of the people. Tradition says that the new tooth will be in good and strong condition if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian. So parents in Mongolia always put their child’s lost tooth in the fat of a piece of meat and feed it to a dog. The idea of giving lost teeth to a guardian is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries expect the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origin (起源) of the Tooth Fairy is a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to the tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow (枕头) before going to bed. In the very early hours of the morning, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth away and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift or candies. Children love these surprises very much. In the United States, however , the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. That can add up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 110．Where do people throw lost teeth in order to get a new tooth in Korea? 111．What do parents in Mongolia always feed the meat with their child’s lost tooth to? 112．When did the story the Tooth Fairy probably begin in England or Ireland? 113．What does the Tooth Fairy leave in France? 114．Which way do you like best? Why? 【答案】110．On the roof of a house. 111．A dog. 112．Centuries ago. 113．A small gift or candies. 114．I like Tooth Fairy best. Because I can get gifts or money. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本文介绍了韩国、中国、日本、蒙古、法国、美国等不同国家关于孩子掉落牙齿的不同传统习俗。 110．根据“In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house in order to get a new tooth.”可知，在韩国人们把掉落的牙齿扔到屋顶上。故填On the roof of a house. 111．根据“So parents in Mongolia always put their child’s lost tooth in the fat of a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.”可知，蒙古的父母把包着牙齿的肉喂给狗。故填A dog. 112．根据“The exact origin of the Tooth Fairy is a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago.”可知，这个故事可能几个世纪前始于英国或爱尔兰。故填Centuries ago. 113．根据“In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift or candies.”可知，在法国牙仙子会留下小礼物或糖果。故填A small gift or candies. 114．开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填I like the Tooth Fairy best. Because I can get gifts or money. 24 When I worked in the UK, I had a meal in an expensive restaurant. I saw a young couple come in with a small boy. They only ordered a piece of the cheapest beef steak. “Sir, Madam, anything else? One piece is not enough for three of you!” the waiter said. The dad was a little embarrassed. He said to the waiter, “Thanks. It’s enough. We just want to bring the guy to have beef steak, and we have finished supper.” I watched them for a while. Then I found that the parents not only took the boy to have beef steak, but also regarded it as a process of learning. The parents taught the kid how to use a knife and fork and told him some table manners. I’d like to become good friends with the family. Then I walked over to them and asked really politely, “May I treat each of you to a cup of coffee?” They accepted my coffee with a smile on their faces. I sat down at their table and we began to chat. “To be honest, we are very poor, so we can’t afford any expensive food at all. However, we have every confidence in our boy. Although he was born into a poor family, I believe he will achieve great success in the future. That’s why we teach him the good table manners now,” said the little boy’s father. “We hope our kid can be a person who respects himself and others.” After that, I believe that the family won’t be poor for a long time! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 115．In which country is the restaurant located? 116．How did the father feel after being asked anything else? 117．What did the writer treat each member of the family to? 118．Does the writer think the family will be poor for a long time? 119．What would happen to you if you were the kid? 【答案】115．The UK. 116．A little embarrassed. 117．A cup of coffee. 118．No. 119．I would make great progress and succeed, and let my parents enjoy their golden years. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在英国一家餐厅里，一个贫穷但充满爱的家庭的故事。父母虽然贫穷，却用心教孩子礼仪，这深深打动了作者。 115．根据“When I worked in the UK, I had a meal in an expensive restaurant.”可知，这家餐馆在英国。故填The UK. 116．根据“The dad was a little embarrassed.”可知，父亲的感受是有点尴尬。故填A little embarrassed. 117．根据“May I treat each of you to a cup of coffee?”可知，作者请这家人每人喝一杯咖啡。故填A cup of coffee. 118．根据“After that, I believe that the family won’t be poor for a long time!”可知，作者不认为这家人会长期贫穷，因此是否定回答。故填No. 119．此题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。示例：I would make great progress and succeed, and let my parents enjoy their golden years. 考向七、读好书、学道理 25 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容回答问题，答案不超过10个词。 “It’s ready, doctor,” said Potter. “You’ll have to pay us five dollars more, or I’ll stay here.” “That’s right!” said Indian Joe. “What do you mean?” said the doctor. “I’ve already paid you.” “Yes,” said Indian Joe. “But five years ago, you sent me away from your father’s kitchen when I came for something to eat. Your father had me jailed as a homeless person. I said I’d get my revenge. And now I’ve got you, and you’ll have to pay!” He was threatening the doctor with his fist. The doctor suddenly knocked him to the ground. Potter shouted, “Hey, don’t hit my partner!” and soon they were fighting. Indian Joe got up and picked up Potter’s knife. The doctor got free, took a piece of wood, and knocked Potter down with it. At the same moment, Indian Joe saw his chance and pushed the knife into the young man’s chest. He turned round and fell down, partly on Potter, blood pouring out of the wound. Then clouds covered the moon, hiding the terrible sight. The two frightened boys ran away in the dark. When the moon came out again, Indian Joe was standing over the two bodies. The doctor gave a last gasp and died. Indian Joe said to himself: “I’ve had my revenge!” Then he pulled out the knife and put it into Potter’s right hand. After three or four minutes, Potter began to move, then he sat up. He looked at the knife in his hand and let it fall in horror. He pushed the doctor’s body off him and gazed at it. His eyes met Joe’s. “How did this happen?” he said. “It’s a bad business,” said Joe without moving. “What did you do it for?” 120．Why does Indian Joe want to get his revenge on Dr Robinson? 121．How did the doctor knock Potter down? 122．Who killed Dr Robinson? 123．Why did Joe say the underlined sentence? 124．What do you think of Joe? 【答案】120．Because the doctor’s father jailed him. 121．With a piece of wood. 122．Indian Joe. 123．To make Potter think he killed the doctor. 124．He is cruel, dishonest, and not a good person.（答案不唯一） 【导语】本文讲述了乔为报复五年前罗宾逊医生的父亲将自己赶出厨房并送进监狱，在与医生的冲突中趁机将其杀害，并试图将凶器塞进波特手中以嫁祸于他的故事。 【详解】120．第四段提到“But five years ago, you sent me away from your father’s kitchen when I came for something to eat. Your father had me jailed as a homeless person. I said I’d get my revenge.”，说明乔想要报复是因为医生的父亲曾把他赶出厨房并送进监狱。 121．第五段提到“The doctor got free, took a piece of wood, and knocked Potter down with it.”，说明医生用一块木头将波特打倒在地。 122．第五段提到“Indian Joe saw his chance and pushed the knife into the young man’s chest”，其中“the young man”指罗宾逊医生，所以是乔杀死了医生。 123．最后一段中的“It’s a bad business”是乔在波特醒来后说的话。乔明知是自己杀了医生，却假装不知情并反问波特“What did you do it for?”，目的是将杀人罪名嫁祸给波特。 124．本题为主观开放题，答案不唯一。结合文中乔的行径（记仇报复、杀人、嫁祸他人）做出合理评价即可。 26 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容和任务描述，在每个题目下面填写相应内容。 There were three big fish in the lake. One of them, Demo, was wise. Another one, Jimmy, was half-wise. Martin, the third one, was stupid. Some fishermen came to the bank of the lake with their nets. The three fish saw them. Demo decided at once to leave, to make the long and difficult trip to the ocean. He thought, “I won’t discuss with these two about this. They love this place so much that they call it home and will stay on. How silly they are! They still haven’t realized we are in great danger now. Their ignorance (愚昧) will cost them their lives.” Seeing the wise fish had left, Jimmy thought, “My guide has gone and now I’ve lost my chance to run away.” He felt sorry for it and then thought, “What can I do to save myself from these men and their nets? Perhaps I should pretend (假装) to be already dead, giving myself totally to the water.” So he did that. He went up and down with the water, helpless, within arm’s reach of the fishermen. “Look at this! The best and biggest fish is dead.” One of the men lifted him by the tail, and threw him up on the ground. He rolled (滚动) over and over and moved secretly towards the water, and then, back in. The third fish was aimlessly (漫无目的地) jumping about, trying to escape with his speed and cleverness. The net, of course, finally closed around him, and as he lay in the hot frying-pan bed, he thought, “If I get out of this, I’ll never live again in the limits of the lake. Next time, the ocean! I’ll make it my home.” 125．The names of the three fish: 126．The features (特点) of the three fish: 127．The thing Demo did when he saw some fishermen: 128．The way Jimmy used to run away from the fishermen: 129．The kind of fish you want to be and tell the reasons: 【答案】125．Demo, Jimmy and Martin. 126．Demo was wise. Jimmy was half-wise. Martin was stupid. 127．He decided at once to leave. 128．He pretended to be dead. 129．I want to be a fish like Jimmy. Because he is clever and spends less to get what he wants. 【导语】本文是一则寓言故事，讲述了湖中三条鱼——聪明的Demo、半聪明的Jimmy和愚蠢的Martin——在面对渔夫捕鱼时的不同反应和结局。 125．第一段“One of them, Demo, was wise. Another one, Jimmy, was half-wise. Martin, the third one, was stupid.”明确给出三条鱼的名字，直接提取即可。 126．第一段“One of them, Demo, was wise. Another one, Jimmy, was half-wise. Martin, the third one, was stupid.”直接给出三条鱼的特点描述，直接提取即可。 127．第二段“Demo decided at once to leave, to make the long and difficult trip to the ocean.”直接提取核心信息整理即可。 128．第三段“He felt sorry for it and then thought, ... within arm’s reach of the fishermen.”及第四段“He rolled (滚动) over and over and moved secretly towards the water, and then, back in.”，Jimmy装死，被扔到地上后翻滚着悄悄回到水中。信息分散在两段，整合提炼核心动作后整理得到答案。 129．只要观点结合原文内容，理由合理即可：比如可以选择Jimmy，理由是Jimmy在错过提前逃生的机会后，没有慌乱放弃，反而想出办法自救，很冷静机智。（开放性试题，答案不唯一。） 27 阅读短文并根据短文回答问题。（不超过10个单词） Alice walked into a garden and saw a long table. At the table sat the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, and the Dormouse. They were having a tea party. There were many cups and plates, but no one was eating or drinking. “No room! No room!” they cried when they saw Alice. “There is plenty of room,” said Alice, and she sat down in a big chair. The Mad Hatter looked at Alice and asked her a riddle, “Why is a raven like a writing desk?” Alice thought hard, but she could not answer. “I give up,” she said. “What's the answer?” “I haven't the slightest idea,” said the Hatter. Then the March Hare took out his watch. He looked at it angrily and then dipped it into his tea. “It was the best butter,” he said sadly. Alice looked at the watch. “That's a strange way to keep time,” she said. “Time is a person,” said the Hatter. “If you are friends with Time, he will let the clock do whatever you want. But he doesn't like me, so it's always six o’ clock here-tea time forever!” ——Adapted from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland 130．Who were having the tea party? 131．Could Alice answer the riddle? 132．What did the March Hare do with his watch? 133．Why was it always six o’ clock at the tea party? 134．What do you think of the Mad Hatter? 【答案】130．The Mad Hatter, the March Hare and the Dormouse./The Hatter, the Hare and the Dormouse. 131．No./No, she could not. 132．He dipped it into his tea. 133．Because Time didn’t like the Hatter. 134．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：He is strange/funny/creative. 【导语】本文改编自《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，讲述了爱丽丝在花园里遇到疯帽匠、三月兔和睡鼠的疯狂茶会场景。 130．首段直接提到“At the table sat the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, and the Dormouse. They were having a tea party.”，直接说明了参加茶会的人物。答案为原文直接信息。 131．文中提到“Alice thought hard, but she could not answer.”，直接表明爱丽丝无法猜出谜语。答案为原文直接信息。 132．文中提到“He looked at it angrily and then dipped it into his tea.”，直接描述了三月兔对怀表的行为。答案为原文直接信息。 133．文中疯帽匠解释道：“But he doesn’t like me, so it’s always six o’clock here-tea time forever!”，直接说明了时间停留在六点的原因。答案为原文直接信息。 134．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。结合茶会的荒诞情节和疯帽匠的行为，合理评价即可。 28 My Reading Habit Reading is my favorite hobby. I have developed a good reading habit since I was in Grade 7. Every day, I spend 30 minutes reading after finishing my homework. I like reading different kinds of books, such as novels, storybooks and books about nature. My favorite book is The Little Prince. It is a meaningful book that teaches me about love and responsibility. When I read it, I can forget all my worries and learn a lot of wisdom. I also like to share interesting books with my classmates. We often discuss the stories and characters in the books, which makes reading more interesting. Reading not only enriches my knowledge but also improves my writing skills. I think everyone should develop a good reading habit and enjoy the pleasure of reading. 任务1：根据短文内容，匹配信息 1. The writer’s favorite hobby 2. The time the writer spends reading every day 3. The writer’s favorite book 4. The benefits of reading A．The Little Prince B．Reading C． 30 minutes D．Enriching knowledge and improving writing skills 请将正确的选项序号填在对应的横线上： 135． 136． 137． 138． 任务2：根据短文内容，回答下列问题 139．When did the writer develop a good reading habit? 140．What does the writer learn from The Little Prince? 【答案】135．B 136．C 137．A 138．D 139．The writer developed a good reading habit since he was in Grade 7.（符合原文即可） 140．The writer learns about love and responsibility from The Little Prince.（符合原文即可） 【导语】本文介绍了作者的阅读习惯，涵盖了作者最喜爱的爱好、每日阅读时长、最喜欢的书籍，同时阐述了阅读带来的益处，呼吁大家养成良好的阅读习惯，享受阅读的乐趣。 135．题干询问作者最喜欢的爱好，原文第一段明确提到“Reading is my favorite hobby.”，此处需要匹配作者最爱的爱好，选项B“Reading”与原文内容完全对应，因此选B。 136．题干询问作者每天花费在阅读上的时间，原文第一段提到“Every day, I spend 30 minutes reading after finishing my homework.”，此处需要匹配每日阅读的时长，选项C“30 minutes”与原文内容完全对应，因此选C。 137．题干询问作者最喜欢的书，原文第二段开头提到“My favorite book is The Little Prince.”，此处需要匹配作者最爱的书籍，选项A“The Little Prince”与原文内容完全对应，因此选A。 138．题干询问阅读的好处，原文第三段开头提到“Reading not only enriches my knowledge but also improves my writing skills.”，此处需要匹配阅读带来的益处，选项D的内容与原文表述完全对应，因此选D。 139．原文第一段提到“I have developed a good reading habit since I was in Grade 7.”，由此可得出答案，回答符合原文内容、表述准确即可。 140．原文第二段提到“It is a meaningful book that teaches me about love and responsibility.”，由此可得出答案，回答符合原文内容、表述准确即可。 考向八、志愿服务及其意义，帮助他人，回馈社会 29 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题（1至4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题必须用完整句子回答。） Volunteer Work: Helping Those in Need Volunteer work means giving your time and energy to help others without asking for money. Many students in Shanghai take part in volunteer activities on weekends. They say it makes them feel happy and useful. There are many ways to help. You can visit old people who live alone and talk with them. Some old people feel lonely because their children are busy working. A friendly chat can make their day brighter. You can also help disabled people. For example, you can push a wheelchair for someone who cannot walk well. You can read books to people who cannot see. Small acts of kindness mean a lot to them. Another way is to help sick children in hospitals. You can play games with them or teach them to draw. Being in hospital is boring and scary for young kids. Your visit can bring them hope and joy. If you want to be a volunteer, you can start with small things. Smile at people. Say hello to your neighbors. Help your classmates with their studies. Everyone can make a difference. 141．Volunteers give their time and energy to help others without asking for . 142．Some old people feel lonely because their children are . 143．You can for someone who cannot walk well. 144．Being in hospital is for young kids. 145．Do you want to be a volunteer? Why or why not? 【答案】141．money 142．busy working 143．push a wheelchair 144．boring and scary 145．Yes, I do. Because to be a volunteer is helping others and helping ourselves. 【导语】本文介绍了志愿者工作的意义和方式，包括帮助独居老人、残障人士和生病的孩子，并鼓励大家从小事做起。 【详解】141．第一段提到志愿者工作不求回报“without asking for money”，因此答案是money。 142．第二段提到老人感到孤独是因为他们的孩子忙于工作“their children are busy working”，因此答案是busy working。 143．第三段提到可以为行走不便的人推轮椅“push a wheelchair for someone who cannot walk well”，因此答案是push a wheelchair。 144．第五段提到住院对孩子来说是无聊和可怕的“boring and scary for young kids”，因此答案是boring and scary。 145．开放题，答案不唯一。需表达自己是否想成为志愿者并说明理由，合理即可。 30 阅读短文，根据短文内容用完整的句子回答下列问题。 The “Go West” program is a voluntary service program. It helps less developed areas in China by sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years. This national program covers education, medical care, farming technology and so on. Many areas have benefited from the program since it started in 2003, and Sheyit is among them. Sheyit Primary School is a faraway village school in Xinjiang. Thanks to the “Go West” program, many young graduates have arrived here to help. Although they come from different places across China, they all share the common wish: to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future in this way. Those volunteer teachers at Sheyit Primary School set clear rules in class and expect students to finish homework on time. They know that many parents are busy herding (放牧) animals and have little time to help their children with homework. So, the teachers work very hard to help the students study. “This is where I discover the true meaning of my life,” a volunteer teacher here said. “When I see my students grow through my lessons, their progress becomes my prize.” The students also greatly treasure their teachers’ teaching and care. They describe their teachers as the sun. They love going to school so much that some even come on weekends to study! “When active students meet selfless (无私的) teachers, improvement is only a matter of time. Our school is no longer the worst in the city,” said Jin Wenbin, the leader of Sheyit Primary School. Since 2023, the school has produced many graduates. The graduates have done very well in local exams and got into top middle schools in Xinjiang. 146．How does the program help these less developed areas in China? 147．What is the young graduates’ common wish? 148．Do many parents have much time or little time to help their children with homework? 149．How are their teachers described as? 150．When did the Sheyit Primary School start to send many excellent graduates to top middle schools? 【答案】146．It helps them by sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years. 147．Their common wish is to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future. 148．They have little time to help their children with homework. 149．Their teachers are described as the sun. 150．Since 2023. 【导语】本文主要介绍了“西部计划”志愿服务项目，以及该项目对新疆协依提小学带来的积极改变。 【详解】146．第一段第二句直接说明该项目通过“sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years”帮助欠发达地区，答案是原文直接信息。 147．第二段最后一句直接说明年轻毕业生的共同愿望是“to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future”，答案是原文直接引述。 148．第三段第二句直接说明很多家长“have little time to help their children with homework”，答案是原文直接信息。 149．第四段第二句直接说明学生们把老师比作“the sun”，答案是原文直接信息。 150．第五段第三句直接说明协依提小学从“Since 2023”开始输送优秀毕业生，答案是原文具体时间信息。 31 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。1至4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。 Children in one village have a new place to spend their winter vacation—a library built by a local charity group Dashan Xiaoai, which means “big mountain, small love”. The library is located in Banwan village, Guizhou Province, which became a must-visit place for tourists during holidays. This is the eighth library set up by the charity to help rural people, especially children. Zhou Beilei, the head of the charity, has worked on rural education for more than 10 years. She found that rural children do not have a place to spend quality time after school. Besides, she also found that many children live with their relatives because their parents go to cities to look for work. Students in Banwan village spend more than 180 days at home during weekends, school vacations and festival holidays. “They have no parents to accompany (陪伴) them and most of them have no access to educational resources like bookstores. This is why we decided to build libraries for the children, offer them meaningful activities and develop their love for reading, ”Zhou says. The charity’s first library, located in Qiaoma town, opened in March 2019. It is divided into an adult area and a designated (指定的) space for children. It also organizes all kinds of after-school activities. To encourage them to read, children can join a free rewards (奖励) program and get points by reading books. When they have a certain number of points, they will get a gift. Zhou adds that they would like to change some readers’ lives and create happy memories for the children. 151．Dashan Xiaoai is a . 152．Zhou Beilei, the leader of Dashan Xiaoai, has worked on rural education for . 153．The reason for is to offer children a place to get more educational resources. 154．Children can get points by in the free rewards program in the libraries. 155．What do you think of these libraries? 【答案】151．local charity group 152．over 10 years 153．building libraries 154．reading books 155．I think these libraries are meaningful because they provide places for local people to develop their hobbies. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一个名为“大山小爱”的慈善组织在贵州农村为孩子们建立图书馆，以帮助留守儿童获得教育资源并培养阅读习惯的故事。 【详解】151．首段直接说明该图书馆是由“a local charity group Dashan Xiaoai” 建立的，因此答案是原文直接信息。 152．第二段明确指出周蓓磊“has worked on rural education for more than 10 years”，这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 153．第三段明确指出“They have no parents to accompany (陪伴) them and most of them have no access to educational resources like bookstores. This is why we decided to build libraries for the children, offer them meaningful activities and develop their love for reading”，此答案是对第三段核心内容的概括。 154．第四段详细介绍了奖励计划，其中明确写道“children can join a free rewards program and get points by reading books”，这是原文直接信息。 155．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。结合文章内容和自己对这类图书馆的看法，合理作答即可。 32 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 At just 14 years old, Ryan Hickman from San Juan Hills High School, US, has made waves (引起轰动) with a beach clean-up campaign (运动). On April 20th, he and many volunteers from Project 3R, the nonprofit (非营利机构) he created, started a five-week campaign at five beaches along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico to remove trash (清除垃圾). “The trash ends up in the ocean, and animals are eating it,” Hickman told The Orange County Register. “Picking up a piece of trash may save a turtle’s life.” In 2012, Ryan Hickman started to pick up the trash around the beaches. Ever since then, he and some volunteers have collected about 2 million bottles and cans (金属罐) from beaches, lakes and rivers. From a young age, Hickman had developed a love for recycling and had always liked trash trucks. He put the two interests together and began collecting recyclables (可回收物) to raise money. In 2017, Hickman gave away a $10, 000 (about 72,000 yuan) check to the PMMC after picking up 50, 000 pounds of trash and more than 200, 000 recyclable bottles. Along with organizing volunteer cleanups, Hickman has also traveled worldwide, speaking to kids about caring for the planet and oceans. At the Ocean Institute in California, he started a program where primary school students clean local beaches and then board (登船) the institute’s teaching ship to learn about pollution’s influence. “It’s fun,”he said.“The people I talk to may encourage them, and they might organize a cleanup, too.” 156．What has Ryan Hickman made waves with? 157．Where did Ryan Hickman and many volunteers start a five-week campaign? 158．How many bottles and cans have he and some volunteers collected since 2012? 159．How did Ryan Hickman raise money? 160．What do you think of Ryan Hickman? 【答案】156．A beach clean-up campaign. 157．At five beaches along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico. 158．About 2 million bottles and cans. 159．By collecting recyclables. 160．He is kind, helpful and responsible. 【导语】本文介绍了美国少年Ryan Hickman发起海滩清洁活动、坚持回收垃圾、呼吁保护海洋与地球环境的公益事迹。 【详解】156．第一段提到“has made waves with a beach clean-up campaign”，可直接提取原文信息作答。 157．第一段提到“started a five-week campaign at five beaches along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico”，可直接提取原文地点信息。 158．第三段提到“he and some volunteers have collected about 2 million bottles and cans from beaches, lakes and rivers”，据此整理答案。 159．第四段提到“began collecting recyclables to raise money”，说明他通过收集可回收物筹集资金。 160．文中他长期清理垃圾、保护海洋动物，捐赠善款，还奔走宣讲环保知识、带动他人保护环境，能看出他善良热心、乐于助人、富有责任感。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $