考前押题04 阅读理解5大常考话题25篇（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材外研版

**基本信息** 聚焦5大常考话题25篇真题，以话题为单元系统训练阅读理解能力，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |职业|5篇（如黄山"蜘蛛侠"访谈）|细节理解、推理判断|围绕职业认知，从工作内容到职业精神，渗透社会责任感| |成长|5篇（如亲子关系书信）|主旨归纳、情感态度|聚焦青少年成长困惑，构建问题解决逻辑链，提升跨文化理解| |团队合作|5篇（如篮球比赛感悟）|结构分析、观点提炼|通过案例阐释团队目标、分工协作等要素，培养合作意识| |帮助|5篇（如志愿者招募）|信息筛选、词义猜测|以公益活动为主线，展现帮助行为的多元形式，渗透人文关怀| |人与自然|5篇（如撒哈拉沙漠说明）|事实细节、推理推断|从动物保护到生态系统，构建自然认知框架，强化环保意识|

考前押题04 阅读理解5大常考话题25篇 话题1 职业（Unit 1） 话题2 成长 (Unit 2) 话题3 团队合作 (Unit 3) 话题4 帮助（Unit 4） 话题5 人与自然（Unit 5-6） 1 / 1zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 职业（Unit 1） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）China has its own “spidermen” in Huangshan, Anhui province, whose task is not to save the world, but to collect litter from mountain tops or pick up phones dropped by travelers. Li Peisheng, 51, is one of the 18 spidermen who rappel (索降) down Huangshan Mountain. Reporter: Mr. Li, could you tell us about your job? Li: My job is to rappel down the mountains to collect litter. Huangshan is very famous, with its special views. Reporter: When did you start this job? Li: I first worked as a ticket collector in 1997 and became a rappelling cleaner two years later. At first, I was really afraid. The place I rappelled was over 50 meters high. I hit the rocks and hurt myself. But I didn’t give up and learned to keep balanced. Reporter: How did your family feel about your job? Li: They didn’t know at first. They heard about it from news reports and wanted me to change jobs. But I try to make them trust me. My job has many rules. We need to be very careful, and in good health. Reporter: How do you make sure you are safe at work? Li: Safety is the most important. We usually work in pairs. My first partner was Xie Tianxing, and now it’s Wang Nianfeng. We watch out for each other. Reporter: Do you have other tasks? Li: Yes, we’re protectors and guides of the tourists. Reporter: What’s the change in tourists’ environmental behaviors? Li: About 20 years ago, we rappelled 7-8 times a day. Now, with more tourists, we only rappel 4-5 times a day. Some young people use plastic bags to collect their litter. I once saw a mother tell her child not to litter after seeing us work. I’m happy that more people are protecting Huangshan. I’ll keep working to keep Huangshan beautiful. 1．This may be a part of ______. A．a play B．a novel C．an interview D．an introduction 2．What is the main task of Huangshan’s “spidermen”? A．To collect litter. B．To check tickets. C．To guide tourists. D．To save the world. 3．Why does Li Peisheng feel happy about his work now? A．Because he has become a famous person. B．Because he can work with his favorite partner. C．Because his work is not as dangerous as before. D．Because more tourists are protecting the environment. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·湖北孝感·期末）①Do you know the job of a travel experience officer (旅行体验官)? It’s an interesting and cool job. Travel experience officers go to different places. They try many travel things, such as comfortable hotels and delicious food. They do many activities, like hiking in mountains, sailing on the sea, or joining festivals.Then they share their real feelings with others. They use words, pictures, or videos. This helps people plan trips better, like where to stay and what to see. ②To do this job, you needn’t a high education, but your love to traveling. You should know different travel styles, from cheap trips to expensive vacations. Good writing skills help you describe (描述) experiences clearly. Basic photo or video skills let you show how beautiful places are.You must notice small things, like a hotel’s service or the best time to visit a spot. Record every great moment during the trip to write in a lively way. Last but not least, this job also needs a healthy body. ③Why is this job great? Because every trip is a new experience. One day you might wake up by the sea, and the next climb an old mountain. You’ll meet friends from other countries, learn their cultures, and see amazing views. It’s a wonderful way to see the world and share happy stories and useful tips. However, the job is not always easy. It has its difficulties. Bad weather or transport (交通) problems may happen.You must deal with any problems. ④If you are curious (好奇的) about new things, love traveling and enjoy sharing, this job could be perfect for you. What a cool way to turn your love for travel into a meaningful job! 1．How does the writer begin the topic? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By using a saying. D．By listing numbers. 2．This job needs ________. ① writing skills                            ② a high education ③ photo or video skills                    ④ a healthy body A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 3．This job is great because ________. A．it doesn’t need going out B．it can make a lot of money C．every trip is a new experience D．it’s always easy and comfortable 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Some tips on planning a perfect trip. B．An introduction to the travel experience officer. C．The challenges of traveling to different countries. D．Advice on becoming a famous travel blogger. 5．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= paragraph 1 ②= paragraph 2) A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期末）What’s a day like for a panda keeper? Well, for Ma Tao, it’s a day full of happiness and tiredness. Ma is a panda keeper at the Beijing Zoo. Here is what a day in his life is like. Ma’s working day starts at 7:30 a.m. by cleaning the panda house. To keep a close eye on the pandas’ health condition, he collects their faeces (粪便), weighs them and makes notes of them every day. At 9:00 a.m., he begins to prepare meals for the pandas. It takes much time because an adult panda can eat about 40kg of bamboo a day. To make sure they eat healthily, he also prepares apples, carrots, eggs and so on. At 10:00 a.m., Ma trains the pandas to do some easy things, like opening their mouth or holding out their hands. He also takes the pandas out and spends some playtime with them. At 6:00 p.m., Ma takes the pandas inside to rest. Then he does one last round of cleaning before heading home. Doing the same things day after day may be boring, but Ma enjoys it. He sees the pandas at the zoo as his family members. He knows each panda well—“Gu Gu” is handsome and smart, “Meng Da” and “Meng Er” are quiet, and “Bai Tian” is quite shy. “A panda keeper should be careful, patient, and most importantly caring,” Ma said. “I’ll try my best to make sure all the pandas are healthy and happy.” 1．What does Ma Tao do first in the morning as a panda keeper? A．He feeds the pandas bamboo. B．He cleans the panda house. C．He plays with the pandas. D．He trains the pandas. 2．When does Ma Tao usually train the pandas? A．At 7:30 a.m. B．At 9:00 a.m. C．At 10:00 a.m. D．At 6:00 p.m. 3．Which of these pandas is shy? A．Bai Tian. B．Meng Er. C．Meng Da. D．Gu Gu. 4．What is the most important thing for a panda keeper according to Ma Tao? A．Being patient. B．Being strong. C．Being careful. D．Being caring. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东佛山·期末） Good morning, boys and girls, let’s talk about your dream jobs first and it will help us learn about the topic for our next English lesson. What do you want to be when you grow up? Lucy Rose My parents are both doctors. They work very hard every day. I’m going to be a nurse when I grow up. I may work with my parents in the same hospital. Isn’t that interesting? Linda I’m always interested in the universe. When I saw Wang Yaping teaching in space, I was deeply moved. Now I should study science harder and I want to fly a spacecraft like her one day. Jane When I visited the Great Wall last summer, I decided to become a guide. I hope to show foreign friends around places of interest in China. Telling Chinese stories makes me proud! Mark I watched Nezha 2 during the Spring Festival, and I’ve wanted to be a filmmaker since. I’ll study creative storytelling and camera skills. I expect to be as famous as Director Jiaozi. Excellent. Each of you has a dream. Of course, making dreams come true needs better plans. So you must make some plans for your dreams. I also wish all of you could make your dream come true. Lucy 1．Whose parents’ jobs play an important part in the job choice? A．Rose’s. B．Linda’s. C．Jane’s. D．Mark’s. 2．Which subject should Linda study harder to make her dream come true? A．History. B．Chinese. C．Maths. D．Science. 3．What does Jane want to be when she grows up? A． B． C． D． 4．Which experience led Mark to choose his dream job? A．Learning camera skills. B．Watching the film Nezha 2. C．Trying to be famous. D．Knowing about film directing. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To share different dream jobs. B．To explain how to be successful. C．To introduce famous people. D．To show how to write a job plan. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）Blacksmithing is one of the oldest jobs in the world. Its history goes back over 3,500 years. Now, when we think of a blacksmith, we might picture someone putting shoes on horses. But that’s a farrier (钉蹄师)! Farriers and blacksmiths are different, and farriers even learn skills from blacksmiths. Blacksmiths work with iron and steel. They melt (融化), shape, and join these metals (金属) to make things like gates, tools, and railings. They heat the metal in a forge (a hot place) or a furnace. When the metal gets hot enough, it softens and melts. Then the blacksmith can turn it into any shape. ☆ The Anvil (铁砧) Next, the blacksmith puts the hot metal on an anvil. An anvil is a big, flat-topped metal block (金属板). The hot metal sits there. The blacksmith uses the hammer (锤子) to make it into the right shape before it cools and becomes hard. ☆ What to wear Blacksmiths hardly wear uniforms, but they always wear a leather apron. This apron keeps their clothes clean and protects them from hot metal burns. ☆ ___________ You can learn this job by working with an experienced blacksmith or studying in school. You can also work and learn at the same time, which is called an apprenticeship (学徒制). ☆ Skills needed Blacksmiths lift and work with heavy iron and steel, so they need to be strong. They must finish projects without giving up halfway. ☆ Where they work Blacksmiths work in factories or workshops. They have big open fire pits to melt metals. These coal fires can reach high temperature—20 times hotter than boiling water (100℃)! 1．Which of the following is the right steps of making an iron tool? ① Heat the metal in a forge.    ② Hammer it on an anvil. ③ Choose iron or steel.        ④ Cool down the metal. A．③①②④ B．①③②④ C．③②①④ D．①②③④ 2．Which one in the circles can best show “leather apron” in Paragraph 5? A． B． C． D． 3．Which can best put in the blank “________”? A．How to use an anvil B．How to be a Blacksmith C．How to use the skills D．How to choose Blacksmith tools 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The coal fires can reach 2000°C． B．Farriers and blacksmiths do the same job. C．Blacksmiths can only learn skills in school. D．Blacksmiths can have a rest before finishing. 话题2 成长（Unit 2） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）Dear Mr. Hunt, My problem is that I can’t get on with my family. Relations between my parents become difficult. They fight a lot, and I really don’t like it. It’s the only communication they have. I don’t know if I should say anything to them about this. When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. Also, my elder brother Tom is not very nice to me. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. I don’t think this is fair. At home I always feel lonely and nervous. Is that normal? What can I do? Jenny 1．Who can’t get on with family? A．Mr. Hunt B．Tom C．Jenny D．parents 2．Why have the relations between her parents become difficult? A．Because they fight a lot. B．Because they often communicate with each other. C．Because they listen to each other. D．Because they talk a lot. 3．What is it like when the parents argue? A．It’s like a small, black cloud hanging over our home. B．It’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. C．It’s like a big, white cloud hanging over our home. D．It’s like a small, white cloud hanging over our home. 4．What does Tom refuse Jenny to do? A．To do homework. B．To do housework. C．To stay out late. D．To watch her favorite TV show. 5．How does Jenny always feel? A．Happy and nice. B．Lonely and nervous. C．Tired and sleepy. D．Relaxed and excited. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·内蒙古通辽·期末）Parent-child relationship is important in a family. Sometimes there are some problems about it between parents and children. For some children, talking to their parents can be difficult. Here are some ideas about how to talk to parents. Be active (积极的). Share your everyday life with them. And it’s also a key step to build a close parent-child relationship. For example, you can talk about how your team did in the game, share something your teachers said, or talk about how well you did in math. Be honest (诚实的). It is important to be honest with your parents about your feelings (感受) and actions. Sometimes you have some bad news to tell your parents like making a mistake. You may be worried that telling them about it will make them unhappy. Speak it out honestly. Parents are always there to help you. ▲ Talk to your parent when he or she isn’t busy. You can ask, “Can we talk? Is it a good time now?” If he or she says “Yes”, you can have a talk. What’s more, you should also listen to your parents carefully when they are speaking and try to understand them. 1．What do some children think of talking to their parents according to the passage? A．Important. B．Boring. C．Hard. 2．What is the key step to build a close parent-child relationship according to the passage? A．Making family rules with parents. B．Sharing your everyday life with parents. C．Helping your parents with housework. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．Choose a good time to talk. B．Share your experience with your parents. C．Talk with your parents in a friendly way. 4．What is the structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1） A． B． C． Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东淄博·期末）阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出能回答问题的最佳答案。 When I was little, I was shy. I was afraid to speak up in class or make new friends. My heart would beat fast whenever someone asked me a question, and my face would turn red like a tomato. I spent most of my spare time playing video games and watching cartoons I was comfortable in my little world, but I knew something was missing. One day, I met a new friend, Sarah. Sarah was different from me. She loved trying new activities and meeting new people. She encouraged me to step out of my world. We went riding, climbed trees, and tried painting together. I was scared, but Sarah taught me that it was OK to make mistakes and that failure was a stepping stone to success. Slowly but surely, I started to change. I began to raise my hand and share my thoughts in class. It felt great to be heard and valued by my classmates and teachers. I even joined school clubs and took part in talent shows. Now, I’m different. I’m shy sometimes, but I’ve learned to be proud. I’ve discovered that being myself is the best way to make true friends. Thanks to Sarah, I see the world as a place full of possibilities. I’m not afraid of trying new things because they help me grow. I’m thankful for what I’ve become someone brave, confident, and ready to explore the world, one step at a time. 1．The writer spent most of her spare time ________ when she was little. A．making new friends B．asking questions C．playing video games D．helping others 2．What didn’t the writer and her friend Sarah do together? A．They went riding. B．They climbed trees. C．They took part in talent shows. D．They tried painting. 3．Which of the following can best describe Sarah? A．Serious and strict. B．Brave and wise. C．Shy and hard-working. D．Brave and humorous. 4．The chart shows what happened in the story. Which can be put in the empty box? I was shy and afraid to make friends. → Sarah and I did interesting things together. →    ? → I’ve become a brave and confident person. A．I met a friend named Sarah. B．I watched cartoons on weekends. C．I asked my classmate for help. D．I made changes little by little. 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Don’t be afraid to make a change. B．We should take every chance in life. C．The more friends you make, the more successful you will be. D．We should believe in ourselves forever. Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）Teenagers often have peer pressure in daily life. Positive peer pressure can push you to become better—for example, your friends may encourage you to study harder, take part in sports activities, or help others. Even when you meet negative peer pressure, you can learn valuable lessons from it. When you refuse to do something wrong that your peers ask for, you practice sticking to your own principles (准则), and this helps you build self-confidence and make wise decisions in the future. It’s very common that sometimes you and your peers won’t see eye to eye. “Don’t be afraid to say ‘no’ when you don’t agree with what your peers are doing,” advises Dr. Lee, an expert on teenage mental health. “Take a moment to think about whether the thing is right for you, and communicate your feelings honestly. You can say, ‘I don’t want to do this because it will affect (影响) my study.’ If you feel stressed, turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help.” Every teenager’s experience with peer pressure is different. What if you don’t know how to deal with it on your own? That doesn’t mean you have to struggle (斗争) alone. There are practical and easy ways to help teenagers deal with peer pressure properly and grow up healthily. 1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The influences of peer pressure. B．The ways to make good friends. C．The big problems of teenage life. D．The importance of self-confidence. 2．What do the underlined words “see eye to eye” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Joke with each other. B．Hear from each other. C．Learn from each other. D．Agree with each other. 3．What will probably be talked about next? A．Useful ways to deal with peer pressure. B．Positive and negative peer pressure. C．How to communicate with trusted adults. D．Peer pressure is common among teenagers. Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）I used to hate being different from my classmates. I am a quiet girl. While most of my classmates love noisy games and funny online videos, I prefer reading books alone and keeping diaries. At first, I paid little attention to this difference. But as time went by, I slowly felt left out (冷落). My classmates often talked about popular stars and hot jokes that I knew nothing about. When they gathered to laugh and chat happily, I could only stand aside (在旁边) silently. Some of them even thought I was boring and strange. Gradually, I was filled with huge peer pressure. I feared that they would make fun of me if I showed my real hobbies. To fit in with others, I tried my best to change myself. I made myself watch meaningless videos and acted interested in their topics. I gave up my favorite books and followed their choices blindly. However, I felt bored and sad every day. I lost my true self and just became a copy of others. Luckily, my head teacher talked with me patiently. She told me everyone is special and being different is never wrong. I finally realized that I should be myself instead of pleasing others. True friendship will accept who you are. 1．Why did the writer have strong peer pressure? A．She failed her exams many times. B．She was different from her classmates. C．She had no hobbies in her spare time. D．Her head teacher cared little about her. 2．What did the writer do to go along with others? A．She kept reading books day and night. B．She refused to talk with her classmates. C．She changed herself and followed others. D．She gave up listening to her teacher’s advice. 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．Changing herself made the writer happy. B．The teacher advised her to hide true self. C．Her classmates always understood her. D．The writer felt tired after copying others. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Get Along with Classmates B．The Pressure of Being Different C．How to Develop Good Hobbies D．A Wonderful Talk with My Teacher 话题3 团队合作（Unit 3） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·江西新余·期末）Do you do team projects at school? I do a lot. I enjoy team projects because I like sharing ideas with other people. Of course, team activities aren’t always easy. You need to know how to work well together. Here are some suggestions to make team work easier. ①________ Make sure everyone understands the goal of the project. If you’re doing a class project, you need to check the teacher’s instructions carefully and ask questions whenever something isn’t clear. There’s a popular saying: If you don’t know where you’re going, you probably won’t get there. Assign (指派) roles Everyone should have a role in the team. For example, there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions. There might be a note-taker who writes down the team’s ideas during meetings, and a time-keeper to control the time. There also might be a fact-checker or a group speaker. ②________ For large projects, the work can be divided into smaller tasks. Then you can choose tasks that you do well in or enjoy. Of course, you shouldn’t always do the same task. It’s good to try new things, even if they’re difficult! ③________ After you divide a work. Write down a plan on paper. You can use a calendar to help you. List all the tasks and think about when each one must be finished. It’s important for everyone to follow a plan. And if you can’t finish your part on time, tell the others as soon as possible. Try to be positive. Everything is easier when you are enjoying yourself in the team. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story B．By showing a saying C．By sending a message D．By asking a question 2．What’s the leader’s main job in the team? A．Writing down the team’s ideas B．Controlling the activity time C．Helping the others make decisions. D．Making speeches for the team 3．Match the title with each part. a. Manage the time b. Know the goals c. Make a plan d. Divide the work e. Set a clear goal A．①-a, ②-b, ③-e B．①-b, ②-a, ③-d C．①-a, ②-c, ③-e D．①-b, ②-d, ③-c 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? A．①②/③④⑤/⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④⑤⑥ 5．What is the writer’s purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the teacher’s instructions. B．To give information about smaller tasks. C．To explain the method to do team projects. D．To describe the importance of creative ideas, Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东东莞·期中）Cooperation (合作) has got attention in many schools, possibly because good teamwork spirit is of great importance to successful groups. It is believed that doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation. In the team environment, members need to communicate with each other, which can prepare students for both schoolwork and future jobs. It can also encourage students to follow team rules. Students are more likely to help each other as well. Teamwork spirit is not born but built. Here are things you can do to improve teamwork spirit: ▲Communicate well with each other When you’re meeting together, let everyone speak and listen to each other carefully. Ask them questions to get them to talk so that everyone can communicate well with each other. ▲Work together on projects Let everyone help make decisions about the project. Decide the team goal and divide the project into steps. Celebrate every win as a win for the whole team. ▲Build trust and respect (尊重) It’s okay to do something wrong, but bravely say sorry to make the situation better. This helps build trust in your team. Respect others’ work and encourage everyone to do better. Much of the work in today’s world is completed in teams. For students, team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱队) and joining in unpaid community service are the ways to learn about cooperation. 1．According to the passage, what’s the best way to teach cooperation? A． B． C． D． 2．It’s helpful to improve team spirit by _________. A．letting everyone speak and listen to each other carelessly B．dividing the project into steps C．making decisions about the project alone D．listening to others’ opinions all the time 3．What does the underlined word “unpaid” mean? A．interesting B．boring C．meaningful D．free 4．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 5．Whom is this passage mainly written for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Workers. Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·天津·期中）Teamwork is one of the most important skills in life. A great team is not just a group of people, but a group of people who work together, support each other and share the same goal. I learned the importance of teamwork from a basketball match last term. At first, our team was not good. We all wanted to play well alone and didn’t pass the ball to each other. We lost the first two matches and everyone felt upset. Our teacher told us that teamwork was the key to winning. He asked us to communicate more and support each other. After that, we changed our way. We talked about our plans before the match. During the match, we passed the ball to each other and helped each other. When one of us was in trouble, the others would give a hand. Little by little, our team became stronger and stronger. Finally, we won the third match. We were all very happy and proud. This experience taught me a lot. I know that no one can succeed alone. Teamwork can make us achieve more. In the future, I will learn to be a better team player and work with others together. 1．What is the key to a great team? A．Working alone. B．Arguing a lot. C．Teamwork. D．Playing well alone. 2．Why did the writer’s team lose the first two matches? A．They didn’t have a good coach. B．They didn’t cooperate with each other. C．They were not good at playing basketball. D．They had no time to practice. 3．What did the teacher ask them to do? A．To give up the match. B．To communicate more and support each other. C．To play alone. D．To argue with each other. 4．How did the team become stronger finally? A．By working together and helping each other. B．By playing computer games. C．By doing part-time work. D．By keeping quiet. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．No one can succeed alone. B．Working alone is the best way. C．Teamwork is not important. D．We should never pass the ball to others. Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·天津·期中）A great team can always achieve amazing goals (目标), but what really makes a team great? It is not the cleverest members or the strongest ability, but some important spirits. First, a great team must have a clear goal. All members know what they are working for and try their best to reach it. Without a common goal, the team will be like a ship without a direction. Second, trust and respect are necessary. Members should trust each other’s skills and respect different opinions. Even when they disagree, they will not argue but communicate politely. Third, cooperation plays a key role. Good team members do not care too much about personal honor. They share tasks and help each other to make the whole team better. Finally, the ability to face failure is important. When the team fails, members encourage each other instead of blaming. They learn from mistakes and keep moving forward. In a word, a great team is built on clear goals, trust, respect, cooperation and positive attitude. With these spirits, a team can overcome difficulties and become successful. 1．What makes a great team according to the passage? A．The cleverest members. B．Strongest ability. C．Important spirits. D．Much money. 2．What is a great team like without a clear goal? A．A ship without a direction. B．A bird with wings. C．A tree with leaves. D．A book without words. 3．What should members do when they disagree? A．Argue with each other. B．Communicate politely. C．Keep silent. D．Blame others. 4．What does the underlined word “blaming” mean? A．鼓励 B．责备 C．帮助 D．忽视 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．What Makes a Great Team B．How to Choose Friends C．How to Be a Clever Student D．How to Make Personal Progress Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·吉林长春·期中）The Most Valuable Player (MVP) award was what I hoped to get. Back in Grade 6, soccer became my favourite sport. I wasn’t the best player on the team at the beginning of the year. But after a lot of hard work, by the end of the year, I felt that I was the MVP. As the soccer season went on, our team made it to the playoffs (季后赛), and we finished second. Our team was a very good team, and I was a big part of that. Kenny was the captain, but I was the player who scored the most goals on the team. Kenny would always pass the ball to his teammates. At the end of the year, there was a sports dinner at school. People got awards for excellent performance. Everyone on the team felt that I would get the MVP. At the end of the dinner, the coach stood up and announced, “The winner for the MVP is Kenny.” How could that be? I couldn’t believe my ears. After the event, the coach came up to me and explained. He said, “You were the best player on the team, but you did not pass the ball. You were out there for yourself, but not for the team. You have to realize that soccer is about the team, not about one individual player.” I was ashamed (羞愧) by what the coach had said. Now I am in Grade 8 and the captain of the soccer team. I feel that I have learned that a team sport is not just about “you”. It is about “us”. Now I am both a better player and a better captain because of this. 1．What can we learn about the writer from Paragraph 1? A．He has a gift for soccer. B．He scored the most goals on the team. C．He wanted to be the captain of the team. D．He was the best player when he joined the team. 2．How did the writer feel when he knew Kenny got the MVP? A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Relaxed. D．Surprised. 3．What does the underlined word “individual” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Proud. B．Active. C．Personal. D．Confident. 4．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The writer’s team got first place in the playoffs. B．The writer is now the captain of the soccer team. C．The coach thought that the writer wasn’t the best player. D．Everyone was sure that Kenny would win the MVP award. 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. C．Teamwork makes the dream work. D．Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. 话题4 帮助（Unit 4） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东湛江·期末）Volunteers needed    The District Games(区运会)will begin on August 7th and end on 15th. We need 500 volunteers. The jobs are only for persons aged 18 or over 18. It's better for you to have experience of volunteering in sports events. Skills Needed ※Have good communication skills ※Be good at learning and love trying new things Services to Offer ※Answer questions ※Take photos of the faces ※Guide guests and players How to Get the Job     Finish an application form (申请表) on the Internet to show us why you want the job. And write down your personal information like name, ID number, education experiences. Then, e-mail us at zyzb@2025youth. cn to send your application from July 3rd to July 10th.     If your application succeeds, you'll get an e-mail from July 11th to July 17th. Later, we will have an interview (面试) in the office with you. If you are excellent and lucky enough, you can pass the interview and then get ready to take the training lessons at the sports center at the end of July.     If you want to do something meaningful in our city this summer, then join us. To get more information, please phone 563-7825 or visit https://www. 2025youth. cn. 1．Why is the passage written? A．To share some volunteer training. B．To tell people the importance of sports. C．To show the important District Game D．To get volunteers for the District Games. 2．What do the volunteers need to do? A．To ask guests and players questions. B．To take photos of the guests. C．To provide information for players. D．To sell tickets. 3．When may you get an e-mail if your application succeeds? A．On July 3rd. B．On July 15th. C．On July 25th. D．On August 7th. 4．What should you do if you want to get more information? A．Make a call. B．Send an e-mail. C．Take a training lesson. D．Have an interview. 5．Where is this text most likely from? A．A sports report B．A travel magazine C．A newspaper D．A story book Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期末）Catalina Campos, an 11-year-old girl, loves helping the elderly. Her story of kindness began when she was three. Since her mom worked at a nursing home, Catalina went there with her a lot. During festivals, she would prepare small gifts for people there, bringing joy to their faces. As Catalina grew older, she wanted to do more. She founded a non-profit (非营利的) organization named Circul KC． The purpose (目的) is to let other kids join the charity event to show kindness. On Mother’s Day, they packed flowers with heart-warming cards for the elderly women. They also distributed hundreds of cards on special days, each with best wishes written on it. Besides, they collected donations (捐赠物) of medicine and clothes for the elderly. Then they set everything up at different places around the city, and people could take what they needed for free. The name Circul KC has a special meaning. Catalina explained, “When somebody gives something to us, we can give it to somebody else. Then they can give it to somebody else. It makes a circle of kindness.” A lot of kids are scared to step out of their comfort zone. Catalina often encourages them, “Don’t be shy and nervous. Just smile and you can do it!” 1．What does the underlined word “distributed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Took away. B．Gave out. C．Sold out. D．Stole. 2．What did Circul KC collect for the elderly? A．Gifts and money. B．Computers and phones. C．Flowers and fruit. D．Medicine and clothes. 3．What can we know about the name “Circul KC”? A．It stands for a circle of kindness. B．It is a place where kids can play. C．It usually sells donated things. D．It teaches kids how to make money. 4．Which of the following words could best describe Catalina? A．Quiet and shy. B．Stupid and selfish (自私的). C．Kind and warm-hearted. D．Strict and unfriendly. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·四川达州·期末）Here is a charity sale (义卖) for the poor African children. We will give away the money we raise in the charity sale. Come and see our things. I have some soft toys to sell. The teddy bear is my thirteenth birthday gift. I have had it for one year. It still looks very new. Its original price (原价) is $50. You only need to pay $15 for it now. Other toys are very new but cheap, too. —Nancy I have a music player. I have had it for three months. It works very well now. It stays with me whenever I feel upset. And I have downloaded (下载) some pop songs in it. I hope it can be with you when you are not happy. It cost $220. Now, you can take it for $100. —David I want to sell some of my novels (小说) . I began to buy novels when I was thirteen years old. My favorite novel is Alice in Wonderland. I believe anyone like me will learn a lot from this novel. Each novel only costs $10. You can get the second at half price. —Henry 1．What does Nancy sell? A．The teddy bear. B．The music player. C．Some novels. D．The old computer. 2．How long has David had the music player? A．For three weeks. B．For three months. C．For five months. D．For one year. 3．According to the passage, what may David do when he is unhappy? A．Watch movies. B．Play with toys. C．Read novels. D．Listen to music. 4．How much will you pay if you buy two novels from Henry? A．$10. B．$15. C．$20. D．$25. 5．What can we know from the passage? A．Nancy is 13 years old now. B．You can get the teddy bear at half price. C．Henry learns a lot from Alice in Wonderland. D．There are many rock songs in David’s music player. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·河南郑州·期末）What can little money do? It’s worth thinking it over. A few weeks ago, I got $120 from a friend in a Smile Group. He asked me to do good things with the money. Since then I have used the money to help strangers, and raised a lot of smiles. One day I was in a shop, looking at the second-hand books. It happened that the book shelves (架子) were next to the toy shelf. I noticed that a poorly dressed woman was standing behind me. A little girl about 3 years old came over to the toy shelf. At once her attention (注意力) was caught by a toy dog. She spoke to her mother and her mother asked the shop owner how much it cost. The answer was $3. Then she said “no”. The child said nothing. Maybe “no” was not new for her but she couldn’t keep the disappointment away from her face. I had a total of $5. I put the money in the mother’s hand and said, “Buy her a book, too.” I didn’t wait to see the end. I walked out of the shop. The money the friend gave me was to help me find happiness in the world. Was there any better way to get so much happiness with so little money? 1．The writer got ________ from his friend a few weeks ago. A．little help B．some money C．book shelves D．a lot of smiles 2．The girl was interested in ________. A．a bookstore B．a toy dog C．toy shelves D．second-hand books 3．From Paragraph 3, we can learn that the mother ________. A．couldn’t afford (买得起) the toy B．disliked the toy C．couldn’t stand the girl D．disliked the girl 4．We can infer (推断) the writer was ________ after walking out of the shop. A．disappointed B．sad C．happy D．lonely 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Money is happiness. B．It’s impossible to find happiness. C．Helping others can get happiness. D．We can’t get happiness with little money. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江湖州·期末） ①Welcome to Volunteer World. The South Africa Childcare Volunteers program is one of our most popular programs. If you like helping others, this program is just right for you. Here’s something you need to know before joining us as a volunteer. ②In South Africa today, over half of the people are poor. In some places, life is really difficult. Not having enough places to look after children means many children are left alone without protection. As a result, many young children miss early education, they can't grow up well and become the best of themselves. ③In Cape Town and some nearby areas in South Africa, finding cheap childcare is super hard for poor parents. This is the biggest problem for them. Although many centers have been set up to help these families, they only have a few workers and resources (资源). This is why we need volunteers to help improve the care to the children. ④As a childcare volunteer, you will work in care centers in Cape Town to look after the kids. Most parents of these kids work in the city, so they can drop off their kids at our centers in the morning and pick them up in the afternoon. Your jobs will be cleaning, preparing meals, and teaching kids math and reading. You will work from Monday to Friday and have a break on weekends. New to volunteering? Don’t be nervous! If you’ve never done this before, our program will pair you with an experienced volunteer for every step. ⑤Come and join us. It’s a great chance to start a meaningful journey. Don’t miss out 1．What is the biggest problem for poor parents in Cape Town and nearby areas? A．No chance to get good jobs. B．No hope to get further education. C．Changes in their living conditions. D．Difficulties in finding cheap childcare. 2．What can we learn about the childcare centers in Cape Town? A．They serve children from rich families. B．They have enough workers and resources. C．They give children lessons on math and reading. D．They allow children to stay all day and all night. 3．Why does the program say “New to volunteering? Don’t be nervous?” in Paragraph 4? A．Because the volunteer work is easy. B．Because parents will come and work. C．Because someone will be there to help. D．Because volunteers are free on weekends. 4．What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To explain the importance of early education. B．To describe volunteer activities in Cape Town. C．To introduce the living conditions in South Africa. D．To encourage people to join the childcare program. 话题5 人与自然（Unit 5-6） Passage 1 Animals grow old, just like humans. What do you think of older wild animals? Are they important to their groups? A new study has found that protecting older wild animals is very important because they have knowledge to help other members survive (生存). ▲When older birds have baby birds, they are better at providing food and finding a good place to live. This makes it more likely for the babies to survive. Older elephants are good at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones aren’t. They are also better at knowing possible dangers. Grandmother orcas (killer whales) use their knowledge to help their families find food when there’s not much around. Older animals face serious problems in some parts of the world. For example, fishing has caused the number of older fish to fall greatly. In some places, because poaching is common, older animals are at risk more than young ones. The researchers, from Charles Darwin University in Australia, said humans must do more to make sure that enough old animals survive. They’ve asked the International Union for Conservation of Nature to help researchers come up with ways to protect those at risk. They also said that we should try to stop catching too many old fish to protect them. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic? A．By telling a joke. B．By sharing a story. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 2．Which of the following can be put in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．Older animals are at risk now and their numbers fall. B．Older animals are better at finding good places to live. C．Older animals can help their members in many ways. D．There are many ways to protect older animals in danger. 3．What does the underlined word “poaching” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．feeding animals B．catching animals C．studying animals D．protecting animals 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show the study of Australian researchers. B．To discuss how animals grow old in the wild. C．To show why old animals need special protection. D．To compare different ways of protecting animals. Passage 2 Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzee. Jane was excited. On July 16, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would follow the chimpanzees, taking notes on their behavior. She learned many new things about chimpanzees. She watched how a chimpanzee made a tool. She learned how some chimpanzees became good leaders. She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children. She watched animals get angry and get upset. She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did. She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are “saying”.​ 1．What is the best title of the passage? A．Jane Goodall’s College Life B．Jane Goodall’s Family C．Jane Goodall, a Famous Scientist D．Jane Goodall and Louis Leakey 2．What is the correct order of the following according to the passage? a. Jane went to Africa. b. Jane started her exploration. c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey. d. Jane was born in the countryside. e. Jane followed chimpanzees. A．d—a—e—b—c B．b—a—c—d—e C．a—d—c—b—e D．d—a—c—b—e 3．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Give in. B．Set off. C．Bring up. D．Put up. 4．Jane ________ the chimpanzees’ behavior to help others understand them. A．wrote down B．took pictures of C．made videos of D．drew pictures about 5．From the passage we can infer (推断) that ________. A．mother chimpanzees raise their children B．people can communicate with animals C．animals don’t get excited D．chimpanzees make tools Passage 3 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over 9,000,000 square kilometers across North Africa. The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. During the day, temperatures rise above 40℃, while nights can be very cold. It’s one of the toughest (艰难的) environments on earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there; most of them are nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent (固定的) homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara depend on goats, sheep, and camels (骆驼) for food and transport. Water is the most important for them; they need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. Without water, life is impossible. A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾). The Sahara was once much wetter and greener. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change. 1．Where’s the Sahara? A．In South Africa. B．In Northeastern Africa. C．In Northwestern Africa. D．In North Africa. 2．What does the underlined word “nomads” probably mean? A．People who always carry things in the desert. B．People who always have to move their homes. C．People who only have one place to live. D．People who have no place to live. 3．According to the passage, what’s a desert? A．A place that has nomads living in it. B．A place that is very hot and dry all year round. C．A place that has more than 25% sand on its surface. D．A place that gets less than 250 mm of rain every year. 4．What’s the passage about? A．Facts about the Sahara. B．The people of the Sahara. C．The weather of the Sahara. D．The history of the Sahara. Passage 4 There are many different kinds of land on the earth. Two of these are deserts and forests. A desert is a very dry area. It has little rain in a year. Deserts can be hard places to live in—not like forests or plains. Many plants can’t grow in a desert, because there is not enough water to keep them alive. Most deserts are hot. The temperature may go from very hot at midday to very cold at night. The temperature changes so much because there isn’t enough moisture (水分) to block the rays of the sun. Even when there is rain, the rain may evaporate (蒸发) before it reaches the ground. It may turn from liquid to steam, like air. Or it may dry up soon after it hits the ground. The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there. So the ground gets dry, hot and hard. There isn’t enough moisture to cool it. Some deserts are cooler. But they are still dry. When they think of deserts, many people think of sand. But not all deserts have sand. Some have gravel (碎石), rocky hills, or long, low, dry places where rivers used to be. 1．Deserts can be hard places for many plants to grow in because ________. A．there is not enough water B．they are like forests or plains C．there are many different kinds of land D．deserts have gravel and rocky hills 2．The temperature in deserts ________. A．is rising B．is always high C．changes a lot D．falls slightly(轻微地) 3．The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there so ________. A．moisture blocks the rays of the sun B．the rain hits the ground C．the ground gets dry, hot and hard D．some deserts are cooler 4．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Health. B．Travel. C．Nature. D．Business. Passage 5 There are different kinds of plants and animals on Earth and they get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how living things get their food. Let’s find out more about the amazing world of food chains. Scientists call plants producers, because they use light from the sun to produce food. Animals can’t produce their own food. Instead, they must eat plants or other animals. This is why scientists call them consumers (消费者). There are different kinds of consumer animals. The first kind only eats plants. The next kind only eats other animals, and the third kind eats both plants and animals. Bacteria and fungus (细菌和真菌) are also important in a food chain. They are decomposers (分解者). For example, giraffes eat leaves and then lions eat giraffes. The bacteria and fungus work on the lions’ waste and their dead bodies. Knowing about food chains is important because it helps us understand how all living things live together. If we hurt one part of the food chain, it could lead to problems for many different animals and plants. Studying food chains also teaches us to be kind to the environment. When we learn how to protect animals and plants, we are helping to keep the food chain strong. This way, all living things can get the food they need and live happily. 1．Which of the following can be the producer in a food chain? A．A tree. B．The sun. C．A snake. D．Some bacteria. 2．How many kinds of consumer animals are there in paragraph 2? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 3．Which is the right order of the food chain according to the text? A． B． C． D． 4．How could we help keep the food chain strong? A．By studying what the food chain is. B．By producing more food for consumers. C．By learning how to protect plants and animals. D．By taking notes about how all living things live together. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Useful Producers B．Better Environment C．Different Consumers D．Important Food Chains 1 / 1zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题04 阅读理解5大常考话题25篇 话题1 职业（Unit 1） 话题2 成长 (Unit 2) 话题3 团队合作 (Unit 3) 话题4 帮助（Unit 4） 话题5 人与自然（Unit 5-6） 1 / 1zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 职业（Unit 1） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）China has its own “spidermen” in Huangshan, Anhui province, whose task is not to save the world, but to collect litter from mountain tops or pick up phones dropped by travelers. Li Peisheng, 51, is one of the 18 spidermen who rappel (索降) down Huangshan Mountain. Reporter: Mr. Li, could you tell us about your job? Li: My job is to rappel down the mountains to collect litter. Huangshan is very famous, with its special views. Reporter: When did you start this job? Li: I first worked as a ticket collector in 1997 and became a rappelling cleaner two years later. At first, I was really afraid. The place I rappelled was over 50 meters high. I hit the rocks and hurt myself. But I didn’t give up and learned to keep balanced. Reporter: How did your family feel about your job? Li: They didn’t know at first. They heard about it from news reports and wanted me to change jobs. But I try to make them trust me. My job has many rules. We need to be very careful, and in good health. Reporter: How do you make sure you are safe at work? Li: Safety is the most important. We usually work in pairs. My first partner was Xie Tianxing, and now it’s Wang Nianfeng. We watch out for each other. Reporter: Do you have other tasks? Li: Yes, we’re protectors and guides of the tourists. Reporter: What’s the change in tourists’ environmental behaviors? Li: About 20 years ago, we rappelled 7-8 times a day. Now, with more tourists, we only rappel 4-5 times a day. Some young people use plastic bags to collect their litter. I once saw a mother tell her child not to litter after seeing us work. I’m happy that more people are protecting Huangshan. I’ll keep working to keep Huangshan beautiful. 1．This may be a part of ______. A．a play B．a novel C．an interview D．an introduction 2．What is the main task of Huangshan’s “spidermen”? A．To collect litter. B．To check tickets. C．To guide tourists. D．To save the world. 3．Why does Li Peisheng feel happy about his work now? A．Because he has become a famous person. B．Because he can work with his favorite partner. C．Because his work is not as dangerous as before. D．Because more tourists are protecting the environment. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要内容是记者对黄山“蜘蛛侠”李培生的采访，涉及他的工作内容、起始时间、家人态度、安全保障、其他任务及游客环保行为的变化等。 1．推理判断题。根据“Reporter: Mr. Li, could you tell us about your job?”“Li: My job is to rappel down the mountains to collect litter.”可知，这可能是一段采访的内容。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Li: My job is to rappel down the mountains to collect litter.”可知，黄山“蜘蛛侠”的主要任务是收集垃圾。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“I’m happy that more people are protecting Huangshan.”可知，李培生现在对自己的工作感到开心是因为更多的游客在保护环境。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·湖北孝感·期末）①Do you know the job of a travel experience officer (旅行体验官)? It’s an interesting and cool job. Travel experience officers go to different places. They try many travel things, such as comfortable hotels and delicious food. They do many activities, like hiking in mountains, sailing on the sea, or joining festivals.Then they share their real feelings with others. They use words, pictures, or videos. This helps people plan trips better, like where to stay and what to see. ②To do this job, you needn’t a high education, but your love to traveling. You should know different travel styles, from cheap trips to expensive vacations. Good writing skills help you describe (描述) experiences clearly. Basic photo or video skills let you show how beautiful places are.You must notice small things, like a hotel’s service or the best time to visit a spot. Record every great moment during the trip to write in a lively way. Last but not least, this job also needs a healthy body. ③Why is this job great? Because every trip is a new experience. One day you might wake up by the sea, and the next climb an old mountain. You’ll meet friends from other countries, learn their cultures, and see amazing views. It’s a wonderful way to see the world and share happy stories and useful tips. However, the job is not always easy. It has its difficulties. Bad weather or transport (交通) problems may happen.You must deal with any problems. ④If you are curious (好奇的) about new things, love traveling and enjoy sharing, this job could be perfect for you. What a cool way to turn your love for travel into a meaningful job! 1．How does the writer begin the topic? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By using a saying. D．By listing numbers. 2．This job needs ________. ① writing skills                            ② a high education ③ photo or video skills                    ④ a healthy body A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 3．This job is great because ________. A．it doesn’t need going out B．it can make a lot of money C．every trip is a new experience D．it’s always easy and comfortable 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Some tips on planning a perfect trip. B．An introduction to the travel experience officer. C．The challenges of traveling to different countries. D．Advice on becoming a famous travel blogger. 5．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= paragraph 1 ②= paragraph 2) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了旅行体验官这一职业，包括其工作内容、任职要求以及这份工作的魅力和面临的困难。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you know the job of a travel experience officer?”可知，文章开篇以问题引入旅行体验官这一职业话题，所以是通过提问的方式开始话题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Good writing skills help you describe (描述) experiences clearly. Basic photo or video skills let you show how beautiful places are.”和“Last but not least, this job also needs a healthy body.”可知，这份工作需要写作技能、摄影或摄像技能以及健康的身体；根据“To do this job, you needn’t a high education”可知，不需要高学历，所以①③④正确。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Why is this job great? Because every trip is a new experience.”可知，这份工作很棒是因为每次旅行都是一次新体验。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，文章围绕旅行体验官展开，介绍了其工作内容、要求等，B选项“旅行体验官简介”符合文章主旨。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。通读原文可知，第一段引出旅行体验官这一职业；第二段介绍工作要求；第三段阐述工作很棒的原因及面临的困难；第四段总结这份工作适合哪些人。是总分总结构，第一段总述，第二、三段分述，第四段总结。C选项结构符合。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期末）What’s a day like for a panda keeper? Well, for Ma Tao, it’s a day full of happiness and tiredness. Ma is a panda keeper at the Beijing Zoo. Here is what a day in his life is like. Ma’s working day starts at 7:30 a.m. by cleaning the panda house. To keep a close eye on the pandas’ health condition, he collects their faeces (粪便), weighs them and makes notes of them every day. At 9:00 a.m., he begins to prepare meals for the pandas. It takes much time because an adult panda can eat about 40kg of bamboo a day. To make sure they eat healthily, he also prepares apples, carrots, eggs and so on. At 10:00 a.m., Ma trains the pandas to do some easy things, like opening their mouth or holding out their hands. He also takes the pandas out and spends some playtime with them. At 6:00 p.m., Ma takes the pandas inside to rest. Then he does one last round of cleaning before heading home. Doing the same things day after day may be boring, but Ma enjoys it. He sees the pandas at the zoo as his family members. He knows each panda well—“Gu Gu” is handsome and smart, “Meng Da” and “Meng Er” are quiet, and “Bai Tian” is quite shy. “A panda keeper should be careful, patient, and most importantly caring,” Ma said. “I’ll try my best to make sure all the pandas are healthy and happy.” 1．What does Ma Tao do first in the morning as a panda keeper? A．He feeds the pandas bamboo. B．He cleans the panda house. C．He plays with the pandas. D．He trains the pandas. 2．When does Ma Tao usually train the pandas? A．At 7:30 a.m. B．At 9:00 a.m. C．At 10:00 a.m. D．At 6:00 p.m. 3．Which of these pandas is shy? A．Bai Tian. B．Meng Er. C．Meng Da. D．Gu Gu. 4．What is the most important thing for a panda keeper according to Ma Tao? A．Being patient. B．Being strong. C．Being careful. D．Being caring. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了北京动物园熊猫饲养员马涛一天的工作内容。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Ma’s working day starts at 7:30 a.m. by cleaning the panda house.”可知，马涛早上的第一项工作是清洁熊猫舍。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“At 10:00 a.m., Ma trains the pandas to do some easy things...”可知，马涛通常在上午10点训练熊猫。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘Bai Tian’ is quite shy.”可知，Bai Tian是害羞的熊猫。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“A panda keeper should be careful, patient, and most importantly caring.”可知，马涛认为熊猫饲养员最重要的是要有爱心。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东佛山·期末） Good morning, boys and girls, let’s talk about your dream jobs first and it will help us learn about the topic for our next English lesson. What do you want to be when you grow up? Lucy Rose My parents are both doctors. They work very hard every day. I’m going to be a nurse when I grow up. I may work with my parents in the same hospital. Isn’t that interesting? Linda I’m always interested in the universe. When I saw Wang Yaping teaching in space, I was deeply moved. Now I should study science harder and I want to fly a spacecraft like her one day. Jane When I visited the Great Wall last summer, I decided to become a guide. I hope to show foreign friends around places of interest in China. Telling Chinese stories makes me proud! Mark I watched Nezha 2 during the Spring Festival, and I’ve wanted to be a filmmaker since. I’ll study creative storytelling and camera skills. I expect to be as famous as Director Jiaozi. Excellent. Each of you has a dream. Of course, making dreams come true needs better plans. So you must make some plans for your dreams. I also wish all of you could make your dream come true. Lucy 1．Whose parents’ jobs play an important part in the job choice? A．Rose’s. B．Linda’s. C．Jane’s. D．Mark’s. 2．Which subject should Linda study harder to make her dream come true? A．History. B．Chinese. C．Maths. D．Science. 3．What does Jane want to be when she grows up? A． B． C． D． 4．Which experience led Mark to choose his dream job? A．Learning camera skills. B．Watching the film Nezha 2. C．Trying to be famous. D．Knowing about film directing. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To share different dream jobs. B．To explain how to be successful. C．To introduce famous people. D．To show how to write a job plan. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是几个学生分享梦想的工作。 1．细节理解题。根据“Rose…My parents are both doctors. They work very hard every day. I’m going to be a nurse when I grow up.…”可知，Rose的父母的工作在她的职业选择中起到了重要作用。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Linda…Now I should study science harder”可知，Linda为了实现她的梦想，应该更努力地学习科学。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Jane…When I visited the Great Wall last summer, I decided to become a guide.”可知，Jane长大后想成为一名导游。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Mark…I watched Nezha 2 during the Spring Festival, and I’ve wanted to be a filmmaker since.”可知，Mark是因为看了《哪吒2》这部电影才选择成为一名电影制作人的。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“let’s talk about your dream jobs first…What do you want to be when you grow up?”并通读全文可知，本文是几个学生分享梦想的工作。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江宁波·期末）Blacksmithing is one of the oldest jobs in the world. Its history goes back over 3,500 years. Now, when we think of a blacksmith, we might picture someone putting shoes on horses. But that’s a farrier (钉蹄师)! Farriers and blacksmiths are different, and farriers even learn skills from blacksmiths. Blacksmiths work with iron and steel. They melt (融化), shape, and join these metals (金属) to make things like gates, tools, and railings. They heat the metal in a forge (a hot place) or a furnace. When the metal gets hot enough, it softens and melts. Then the blacksmith can turn it into any shape. ☆ The Anvil (铁砧) Next, the blacksmith puts the hot metal on an anvil. An anvil is a big, flat-topped metal block (金属板). The hot metal sits there. The blacksmith uses the hammer (锤子) to make it into the right shape before it cools and becomes hard. ☆ What to wear Blacksmiths hardly wear uniforms, but they always wear a leather apron. This apron keeps their clothes clean and protects them from hot metal burns. ☆ ___________ You can learn this job by working with an experienced blacksmith or studying in school. You can also work and learn at the same time, which is called an apprenticeship (学徒制). ☆ Skills needed Blacksmiths lift and work with heavy iron and steel, so they need to be strong. They must finish projects without giving up halfway. ☆ Where they work Blacksmiths work in factories or workshops. They have big open fire pits to melt metals. These coal fires can reach high temperature—20 times hotter than boiling water (100℃)! 1．Which of the following is the right steps of making an iron tool? ① Heat the metal in a forge.    ② Hammer it on an anvil. ③ Choose iron or steel.        ④ Cool down the metal. A．③①②④ B．①③②④ C．③②①④ D．①②③④ 2．Which one in the circles can best show “leather apron” in Paragraph 5? A． B． C． D． 3．Which can best put in the blank “________”? A．How to use an anvil B．How to be a Blacksmith C．How to use the skills D．How to choose Blacksmith tools 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The coal fires can reach 2000°C． B．Farriers and blacksmiths do the same job. C．Blacksmiths can only learn skills in school. D．Blacksmiths can have a rest before finishing. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍铁匠这份工作的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Blacksmiths work with iron and steel…They heat the metal in a forge (a hot place) or a furnace. When the metal gets hot enough, it softens and melts. Then the blacksmith can turn it into any shape.”；“Next, the blacksmith puts the hot metal on an anvil…The blacksmith uses the hammer (锤子) to make it into the right shape before it cools and becomes hard.”可知，正确顺序是：先选择材料，再加热、锻造，最后冷却。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“they always wear a leather apron. This apron keeps their clothes clean and protects them from hot metal burns.”可知，他们总是穿着皮围裙，这条围裙可以保持他们的衣服干净，保护他们免受热金属灼伤，结合选项可知，D项符合。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“You can learn this job by working with an experienced blacksmith or studying in school. You can also work and learn at the same time, which is called an apprenticeship (学徒制).”可知，此处主要讲述如何成为铁匠。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“These coal fires can reach high temperature—20 times hotter than boiling water (100℃)!”可知，煤火可达2000°C。故选A。 话题2 成长（Unit 2） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）Dear Mr. Hunt, My problem is that I can’t get on with my family. Relations between my parents become difficult. They fight a lot, and I really don’t like it. It’s the only communication they have. I don’t know if I should say anything to them about this. When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. Also, my elder brother Tom is not very nice to me. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. I don’t think this is fair. At home I always feel lonely and nervous. Is that normal? What can I do? Jenny 1．Who can’t get on with family? A．Mr. Hunt B．Tom C．Jenny D．parents 2．Why have the relations between her parents become difficult? A．Because they fight a lot. B．Because they often communicate with each other. C．Because they listen to each other. D．Because they talk a lot. 3．What is it like when the parents argue? A．It’s like a small, black cloud hanging over our home. B．It’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. C．It’s like a big, white cloud hanging over our home. D．It’s like a small, white cloud hanging over our home. 4．What does Tom refuse Jenny to do? A．To do homework. B．To do housework. C．To stay out late. D．To watch her favorite TV show. 5．How does Jenny always feel? A．Happy and nice. B．Lonely and nervous. C．Tired and sleepy. D．Relaxed and excited. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一封求助信，主要讲述Jenny因家庭矛盾（父母争吵、哥哥独占电视）而感到孤独和焦虑，并向Mr. Hunt寻求建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段开头“My problem is that I can’t get on with my family”及署名“Jenny”可知，无法与家人相处的是Jenny本人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“They fight a lot, and I really don’t like it. It’s the only communication they have”可知，父母关系紧张的原因是频繁争吵。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.”可知，父母争吵时就像一片巨大的乌云笼罩着家。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“my elder brother Tom ... always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show”可知，Tom拒绝让Jenny看她喜欢的电视节目。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“At home I always feel lonely and nervous.”可知，Jenny在家总是感到孤独和紧张。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·内蒙古通辽·期末）Parent-child relationship is important in a family. Sometimes there are some problems about it between parents and children. For some children, talking to their parents can be difficult. Here are some ideas about how to talk to parents. Be active (积极的). Share your everyday life with them. And it’s also a key step to build a close parent-child relationship. For example, you can talk about how your team did in the game, share something your teachers said, or talk about how well you did in math. Be honest (诚实的). It is important to be honest with your parents about your feelings (感受) and actions. Sometimes you have some bad news to tell your parents like making a mistake. You may be worried that telling them about it will make them unhappy. Speak it out honestly. Parents are always there to help you. ▲ Talk to your parent when he or she isn’t busy. You can ask, “Can we talk? Is it a good time now?” If he or she says “Yes”, you can have a talk. What’s more, you should also listen to your parents carefully when they are speaking and try to understand them. 1．What do some children think of talking to their parents according to the passage? A．Important. B．Boring. C．Hard. 2．What is the key step to build a close parent-child relationship according to the passage? A．Making family rules with parents. B．Sharing your everyday life with parents. C．Helping your parents with housework. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．Choose a good time to talk. B．Share your experience with your parents. C．Talk with your parents in a friendly way. 4．What is the structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1） A． B． C． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了如何与父母进行有效沟通，并给出了具体建议以改善亲子关系。 1．细节理解题。根据“For some children, talking to their parents can be difficult.”可知，一些孩子认为和父母交谈是困难的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Be active (积极的). Share your everyday life with them. And it’s also a key step to build a close parent-child relationship.”可知，建立亲密的亲子关系的关键步骤是与父母分享日常生活。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据空后“Talk to your parent when he or she isn’t busy. You can ask, ‘Can we talk? Is it a good time now?’ If he or she says ‘Yes’, you can have a talk.”可推测知，空处应该是说要选择一个好的时间和父母交谈，选项A“选择一个交谈的好时间”符合语境，故选A。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段总述了亲子关系的重要性以及一些孩子与父母交谈的困难，并引出下文如何与父母交谈的建议；第二段到第五段分述四条具体建议。选项B与文章结构相符。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东淄博·期末）阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出能回答问题的最佳答案。 When I was little, I was shy. I was afraid to speak up in class or make new friends. My heart would beat fast whenever someone asked me a question, and my face would turn red like a tomato. I spent most of my spare time playing video games and watching cartoons I was comfortable in my little world, but I knew something was missing. One day, I met a new friend, Sarah. Sarah was different from me. She loved trying new activities and meeting new people. She encouraged me to step out of my world. We went riding, climbed trees, and tried painting together. I was scared, but Sarah taught me that it was OK to make mistakes and that failure was a stepping stone to success. Slowly but surely, I started to change. I began to raise my hand and share my thoughts in class. It felt great to be heard and valued by my classmates and teachers. I even joined school clubs and took part in talent shows. Now, I’m different. I’m shy sometimes, but I’ve learned to be proud. I’ve discovered that being myself is the best way to make true friends. Thanks to Sarah, I see the world as a place full of possibilities. I’m not afraid of trying new things because they help me grow. I’m thankful for what I’ve become someone brave, confident, and ready to explore the world, one step at a time. 1．The writer spent most of her spare time ________ when she was little. A．making new friends B．asking questions C．playing video games D．helping others 2．What didn’t the writer and her friend Sarah do together? A．They went riding. B．They climbed trees. C．They took part in talent shows. D．They tried painting. 3．Which of the following can best describe Sarah? A．Serious and strict. B．Brave and wise. C．Shy and hard-working. D．Brave and humorous. 4．The chart shows what happened in the story. Which can be put in the empty box? I was shy and afraid to make friends. → Sarah and I did interesting things together. →    ? → I’ve become a brave and confident person. A．I met a friend named Sarah. B．I watched cartoons on weekends. C．I asked my classmate for help. D．I made changes little by little. 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Don’t be afraid to make a change. B．We should take every chance in life. C．The more friends you make, the more successful you will be. D．We should believe in ourselves forever. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己小时候很害羞、常独自度过空闲时间，后在朋友萨拉的鼓励下尝试新的活动，逐渐发生改变，变得勇敢自信，以此传达不要害怕改变的道理。 1．细节理解题。根据“I spent most of my spare time playing video games and watching cartoons.”可知，作者小时候大部分空闲时间都在玩电子游戏。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“We went riding, climbed trees, and tried painting together.”可知，作者和萨拉没有一起参加才艺表演。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Sarah was different from me. She loved trying new activities and meeting new people.”以及“Sarah taught me that it was OK to make mistakes and that failure was a stepping stone to success.”可知，萨拉勇敢且睿智。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“One day, I met a new friend, Sarah...We went riding, climbed trees, and tried painting together.”以及“Slowly but surely, I started to change...Now, I’m different. I’m shy sometimes, but I’ve learned to be proud.”可知，在“作者和萨拉一起做有趣的事”之后，“作者渐渐发生了改变”，再到“作者成为勇敢自信的人”。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据“I’m not afraid of trying new things because they help me grow.”并通读全文可知，作者从害羞不敢社交，在萨拉鼓励下尝试新事物，逐渐改变并变得勇敢自信，作者想告诉我们不要害怕改变。故选A。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）Teenagers often have peer pressure in daily life. Positive peer pressure can push you to become better—for example, your friends may encourage you to study harder, take part in sports activities, or help others. Even when you meet negative peer pressure, you can learn valuable lessons from it. When you refuse to do something wrong that your peers ask for, you practice sticking to your own principles (准则), and this helps you build self-confidence and make wise decisions in the future. It’s very common that sometimes you and your peers won’t see eye to eye. “Don’t be afraid to say ‘no’ when you don’t agree with what your peers are doing,” advises Dr. Lee, an expert on teenage mental health. “Take a moment to think about whether the thing is right for you, and communicate your feelings honestly. You can say, ‘I don’t want to do this because it will affect (影响) my study.’ If you feel stressed, turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help.” Every teenager’s experience with peer pressure is different. What if you don’t know how to deal with it on your own? That doesn’t mean you have to struggle (斗争) alone. There are practical and easy ways to help teenagers deal with peer pressure properly and grow up healthily. 1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The influences of peer pressure. B．The ways to make good friends. C．The big problems of teenage life. D．The importance of self-confidence. 2．What do the underlined words “see eye to eye” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Joke with each other. B．Hear from each other. C．Learn from each other. D．Agree with each other. 3．What will probably be talked about next? A．Useful ways to deal with peer pressure. B．Positive and negative peer pressure. C．How to communicate with trusted adults. D．Peer pressure is common among teenagers. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青少年日常生活中同伴压力的积极与消极影响，给出了应对同伴压力的相关建议，并引出下文会介绍合理应对同伴压力的实用方法。 【详解】1．根据第一段内容可知，本段分别讲解了积极同伴压力带来的正向推动、消极同伴压力能让人收获成长、建立自信，整体介绍了同伴压力带来的各类影响。 2．根据第二段后文“Don’t be afraid to say ‘no’ when you don’t agree with what your peers are doing.”的提示可知，前文表示“你和同伴想法不一致”的情况很常见，因此“see eye to eye”的含义是“达成一致、互相认同”。 3．根据最后一段中“There are practical and easy ways to help teenagers deal with peer pressure properly and grow up healthily.” 可知，文章结尾引出了话题，下文接下来会详细介绍应对同伴压力的实用方法。 Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）I used to hate being different from my classmates. I am a quiet girl. While most of my classmates love noisy games and funny online videos, I prefer reading books alone and keeping diaries. At first, I paid little attention to this difference. But as time went by, I slowly felt left out (冷落). My classmates often talked about popular stars and hot jokes that I knew nothing about. When they gathered to laugh and chat happily, I could only stand aside (在旁边) silently. Some of them even thought I was boring and strange. Gradually, I was filled with huge peer pressure. I feared that they would make fun of me if I showed my real hobbies. To fit in with others, I tried my best to change myself. I made myself watch meaningless videos and acted interested in their topics. I gave up my favorite books and followed their choices blindly. However, I felt bored and sad every day. I lost my true self and just became a copy of others. Luckily, my head teacher talked with me patiently. She told me everyone is special and being different is never wrong. I finally realized that I should be myself instead of pleasing others. True friendship will accept who you are. 1．Why did the writer have strong peer pressure? A．She failed her exams many times. B．She was different from her classmates. C．She had no hobbies in her spare time. D．Her head teacher cared little about her. 2．What did the writer do to go along with others? A．She kept reading books day and night. B．She refused to talk with her classmates. C．She changed herself and followed others. D．She gave up listening to her teacher’s advice. 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．Changing herself made the writer happy. B．The teacher advised her to hide true self. C．Her classmates always understood her. D．The writer felt tired after copying others. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Get Along with Classmates B．The Pressure of Being Different C．How to Develop Good Hobbies D．A Wonderful Talk with My Teacher 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者因为与同学不同而感到被冷落，进而产生巨大同辈压力，努力改变自己去迎合他人却并不快乐，最后在老师开导下意识到要做自己，文章围绕“不同带来的压力”展开。 1．第三段提到“Some of them even thought I was boring and strange. Gradually, I was filled with huge peer pressure.”，结合前文可知作者与同学不同，所以作者有巨大同辈压力是因为她和同学不同。 2．第四段提到“To fit in with others, I tried my best to change myself. I made myself watch meaningless videos and acted interested in their topics. I gave up my favorite books and followed their choices blindly.”，说明作者为了迎合他人改变自己并跟随他人。 3．第四段提到“However, I felt bored and sad every day. I lost my true self and just became a copy of others.”，表明作者模仿他人后感到枯燥乏味的。 4．文章主要围绕作者因为与同学不同而产生的压力展开，B选项“The Pressure of Being Different”符合文章主旨。 话题3 团队合作（Unit 3） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·江西新余·期末）Do you do team projects at school? I do a lot. I enjoy team projects because I like sharing ideas with other people. Of course, team activities aren’t always easy. You need to know how to work well together. Here are some suggestions to make team work easier. ①________ Make sure everyone understands the goal of the project. If you’re doing a class project, you need to check the teacher’s instructions carefully and ask questions whenever something isn’t clear. There’s a popular saying: If you don’t know where you’re going, you probably won’t get there. Assign (指派) roles Everyone should have a role in the team. For example, there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions. There might be a note-taker who writes down the team’s ideas during meetings, and a time-keeper to control the time. There also might be a fact-checker or a group speaker. ②________ For large projects, the work can be divided into smaller tasks. Then you can choose tasks that you do well in or enjoy. Of course, you shouldn’t always do the same task. It’s good to try new things, even if they’re difficult! ③________ After you divide a work. Write down a plan on paper. You can use a calendar to help you. List all the tasks and think about when each one must be finished. It’s important for everyone to follow a plan. And if you can’t finish your part on time, tell the others as soon as possible. Try to be positive. Everything is easier when you are enjoying yourself in the team. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story B．By showing a saying C．By sending a message D．By asking a question 2．What’s the leader’s main job in the team? A．Writing down the team’s ideas B．Controlling the activity time C．Helping the others make decisions. D．Making speeches for the team 3．Match the title with each part. a. Manage the time b. Know the goals c. Make a plan d. Divide the work e. Set a clear goal A．①-a, ②-b, ③-e B．①-b, ②-a, ③-d C．①-a, ②-c, ③-e D．①-b, ②-d, ③-c 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? A．①②/③④⑤/⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④⑤⑥ 5．What is the writer’s purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the teacher’s instructions. B．To give information about smaller tasks. C．To explain the method to do team projects. D．To describe the importance of creative ideas, 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些让团队工作更容易的建议。 1． 细节理解题。根据“Do you do team projects at school”可知作者以一个问题开始本文。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions.”可知领导者帮助每个人做决定。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Make sure everyone understands the goal of the project.”可知本段主要讲每个人都要了解项目的目标，故选b；“For large projects, the work can be divided into smaller tasks.”可知对于大型项目，工作可以划分为较小的任务，故选d；“After you divide a work. Write down a plan on paper.”可知要制定计划，故选c。故①-b, ②-d, ③-c，故选D。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段引出话题，提出团队项目不易，并给出一些建议；第二至五段分别介绍这些建议；第六段总结全文，强调保持积极态度的重要性。因此，文章结构为①/②③④⑤/⑥。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Here are some suggestions to make team work easier.”及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些让团队工作更容易的建议。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东东莞·期中）Cooperation (合作) has got attention in many schools, possibly because good teamwork spirit is of great importance to successful groups. It is believed that doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation. In the team environment, members need to communicate with each other, which can prepare students for both schoolwork and future jobs. It can also encourage students to follow team rules. Students are more likely to help each other as well. Teamwork spirit is not born but built. Here are things you can do to improve teamwork spirit: ▲Communicate well with each other When you’re meeting together, let everyone speak and listen to each other carefully. Ask them questions to get them to talk so that everyone can communicate well with each other. ▲Work together on projects Let everyone help make decisions about the project. Decide the team goal and divide the project into steps. Celebrate every win as a win for the whole team. ▲Build trust and respect (尊重) It’s okay to do something wrong, but bravely say sorry to make the situation better. This helps build trust in your team. Respect others’ work and encourage everyone to do better. Much of the work in today’s world is completed in teams. For students, team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱队) and joining in unpaid community service are the ways to learn about cooperation. 1．According to the passage, what’s the best way to teach cooperation? A． B． C． D． 2．It’s helpful to improve team spirit by _________. A．letting everyone speak and listen to each other carelessly B．dividing the project into steps C．making decisions about the project alone D．listening to others’ opinions all the time 3．What does the underlined word “unpaid” mean? A．interesting B．boring C．meaningful D．free 4．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 5．Whom is this passage mainly written for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Workers. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了合作在当今社会中的重要性，特别是在学校教育中如何培养团队精神。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“It is believed that doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation.”可知，团队运动是教授合作的最佳方式。C图片是一种团队运动，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Work together on projects”部分中的“Decide the team goal and divide the project into steps.”可知，将项目分解成步骤有助于提升团队精神。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据上下文“unpaid community service”可知，unpaid意为“无报酬的”，与free（免费的）含义最接近。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。文章结构为：首段提出合作的重要性及团队运动的作用，随后第二三四段列举三种提升团队精神的方法（沟通、协作项目、建立信任），最后一段总结团队合作在现实中的体现。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据全文内容及“For students, team sports, singing in a chorus and joining in unpaid community service are the ways to learn about cooperation.”可知，文章主要针对学生群体。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·天津·期中）Teamwork is one of the most important skills in life. A great team is not just a group of people, but a group of people who work together, support each other and share the same goal. I learned the importance of teamwork from a basketball match last term. At first, our team was not good. We all wanted to play well alone and didn’t pass the ball to each other. We lost the first two matches and everyone felt upset. Our teacher told us that teamwork was the key to winning. He asked us to communicate more and support each other. After that, we changed our way. We talked about our plans before the match. During the match, we passed the ball to each other and helped each other. When one of us was in trouble, the others would give a hand. Little by little, our team became stronger and stronger. Finally, we won the third match. We were all very happy and proud. This experience taught me a lot. I know that no one can succeed alone. Teamwork can make us achieve more. In the future, I will learn to be a better team player and work with others together. 1．What is the key to a great team? A．Working alone. B．Arguing a lot. C．Teamwork. D．Playing well alone. 2．Why did the writer’s team lose the first two matches? A．They didn’t have a good coach. B．They didn’t cooperate with each other. C．They were not good at playing basketball. D．They had no time to practice. 3．What did the teacher ask them to do? A．To give up the match. B．To communicate more and support each other. C．To play alone. D．To argue with each other. 4．How did the team become stronger finally? A．By working together and helping each other. B．By playing computer games. C．By doing part-time work. D．By keeping quiet. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．No one can succeed alone. B．Working alone is the best way. C．Teamwork is not important. D．We should never pass the ball to others. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过一次篮球比赛的经历，认识到团队合作的重要性。起初队员们各自为战导致连败，在老师的指导下改变方式、互相支持，最终赢得比赛。 【详解】1．根据首段“A great team is...a group of people who work together, support each other and share the same goal.” 说明优秀团队的关键在于共同合作、互相支持，即“teamwork”。A项“独自工作”和B项“经常争吵”均与原文相反。 2．根据第二段“We all wanted to play well alone and didn’t pass the ball to each other. We lost the first two matches.”说明输球的原因是大家各自为战、不相互传球，即没有合作。选项B中“They didn’t cooperate with each other”与此一致。 3．根据第二段“He asked us to communicate more and support each other.”可知，老师的要求是大家要多沟通、互相支持。 4．根据第三段“we passed the ball to each other and helped each other...our team became stronger and stronger.”说明球队是通过互相传球、互相帮助而变得更强。 5．根据第四段“I know that no one can succeed alone. Teamwork can make us achieve more.”以及从作者的经历和总结可以推断，文章想传达的道理是没有人能独自成功，团队合作才能取得更多成就。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·天津·期中）A great team can always achieve amazing goals (目标), but what really makes a team great? It is not the cleverest members or the strongest ability, but some important spirits. First, a great team must have a clear goal. All members know what they are working for and try their best to reach it. Without a common goal, the team will be like a ship without a direction. Second, trust and respect are necessary. Members should trust each other’s skills and respect different opinions. Even when they disagree, they will not argue but communicate politely. Third, cooperation plays a key role. Good team members do not care too much about personal honor. They share tasks and help each other to make the whole team better. Finally, the ability to face failure is important. When the team fails, members encourage each other instead of blaming. They learn from mistakes and keep moving forward. In a word, a great team is built on clear goals, trust, respect, cooperation and positive attitude. With these spirits, a team can overcome difficulties and become successful. 1．What makes a great team according to the passage? A．The cleverest members. B．Strongest ability. C．Important spirits. D．Much money. 2．What is a great team like without a clear goal? A．A ship without a direction. B．A bird with wings. C．A tree with leaves. D．A book without words. 3．What should members do when they disagree? A．Argue with each other. B．Communicate politely. C．Keep silent. D．Blame others. 4．What does the underlined word “blaming” mean? A．鼓励 B．责备 C．帮助 D．忽视 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．What Makes a Great Team B．How to Choose Friends C．How to Be a Clever Student D．How to Make Personal Progress 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了什么才能让一个团队变得伟大。文章指出，真正让团队伟大的不是最聪明的成员或最强的能力，而是一些重要的精神：明确的目标、信任与尊重、合作精神以及面对失败的能力。 【详解】1．第一段明确指出：“It is not the cleverest members or the strongest ability, but some important spirits.”，这直接说明让一个团队伟大的是“重要的精神”，而非最聪明的成员或最强的能力。 2．第二段提到：“Without a common goal, the team will be like a ship without a direction.”，这说明没有明确目标的团队就像一艘没有方向的船。 3．第三段指出：“Even when they disagree, they will not argue but communicate politely.”，说明当成员意见不同时，他们不会争吵，而是礼貌地沟通。 4．第五段提到：“When the team fails, members encourage each other instead of blaming.”，句中“instead of”表示“而不是”，与“encourage（鼓励）”形成对比，因此“blaming”的意思应与“鼓励”相反，即“责备”。 5．全文围绕“What really makes a team great?”这一核心问题展开，从目标、信任、合作、面对失败四个方面进行阐述，最后总结伟大团队的要素，因此最佳标题为“What Makes a Great Team”。 Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·吉林长春·期中）The Most Valuable Player (MVP) award was what I hoped to get. Back in Grade 6, soccer became my favourite sport. I wasn’t the best player on the team at the beginning of the year. But after a lot of hard work, by the end of the year, I felt that I was the MVP. As the soccer season went on, our team made it to the playoffs (季后赛), and we finished second. Our team was a very good team, and I was a big part of that. Kenny was the captain, but I was the player who scored the most goals on the team. Kenny would always pass the ball to his teammates. At the end of the year, there was a sports dinner at school. People got awards for excellent performance. Everyone on the team felt that I would get the MVP. At the end of the dinner, the coach stood up and announced, “The winner for the MVP is Kenny.” How could that be? I couldn’t believe my ears. After the event, the coach came up to me and explained. He said, “You were the best player on the team, but you did not pass the ball. You were out there for yourself, but not for the team. You have to realize that soccer is about the team, not about one individual player.” I was ashamed (羞愧) by what the coach had said. Now I am in Grade 8 and the captain of the soccer team. I feel that I have learned that a team sport is not just about “you”. It is about “us”. Now I am both a better player and a better captain because of this. 1．What can we learn about the writer from Paragraph 1? A．He has a gift for soccer. B．He scored the most goals on the team. C．He wanted to be the captain of the team. D．He was the best player when he joined the team. 2．How did the writer feel when he knew Kenny got the MVP? A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Relaxed. D．Surprised. 3．What does the underlined word “individual” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Proud. B．Active. C．Personal. D．Confident. 4．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The writer’s team got first place in the playoffs. B．The writer is now the captain of the soccer team. C．The coach thought that the writer wasn’t the best player. D．Everyone was sure that Kenny would win the MVP award. 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. C．Teamwork makes the dream work. D．Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在六年级时虽然进球最多，但因缺乏团队合作精神而未能获得最有价值球员（MVP）奖，经过教练的指点后，他明白了团队运动的意义，并在八年级成为队长，成长为一名更好的球员和领导者。 【详解】1．第一段明确指出：“I was the player who scored the most goals on the team”，说明作者是队里进球最多的球员。 2．第三段明确指出：“How could that be? I couldn’t believe my ears.”，说明作者听到Kenny获奖时感到非常惊讶。 3．第三段中教练说：“soccer is about the team, not about one individual player”，这里“individual”与“team”相对，意为“个人的”，即足球是关于团队的，而不是关于某一个个人球员的，与“Personal”意思最接近。 4．最后一段明确指出：“Now I am in Grade 8 and the captain of the soccer team”，说明作者现在是足球队的队长。 5．全文通过作者的经历强调了团队合作的重要性，教练的话“You have to realize that soccer is about the team, not about one individual player”以及作者最后的感悟“It is about ‘us’”都指向了团队合作的主题，因此“Teamwork makes the dream work”（团队合作成就梦想）最符合文章主旨。 话题4 帮助（Unit 4） Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东湛江·期末）Volunteers needed    The District Games(区运会)will begin on August 7th and end on 15th. We need 500 volunteers. The jobs are only for persons aged 18 or over 18. It's better for you to have experience of volunteering in sports events. Skills Needed ※Have good communication skills ※Be good at learning and love trying new things Services to Offer ※Answer questions ※Take photos of the faces ※Guide guests and players How to Get the Job     Finish an application form (申请表) on the Internet to show us why you want the job. And write down your personal information like name, ID number, education experiences. Then, e-mail us at zyzb@2025youth. cn to send your application from July 3rd to July 10th.     If your application succeeds, you'll get an e-mail from July 11th to July 17th. Later, we will have an interview (面试) in the office with you. If you are excellent and lucky enough, you can pass the interview and then get ready to take the training lessons at the sports center at the end of July.     If you want to do something meaningful in our city this summer, then join us. To get more information, please phone 563-7825 or visit https://www. 2025youth. cn. 1．Why is the passage written? A．To share some volunteer training. B．To tell people the importance of sports. C．To show the important District Game D．To get volunteers for the District Games. 2．What do the volunteers need to do? A．To ask guests and players questions. B．To take photos of the guests. C．To provide information for players. D．To sell tickets. 3．When may you get an e-mail if your application succeeds? A．On July 3rd. B．On July 15th. C．On July 25th. D．On August 7th. 4．What should you do if you want to get more information? A．Make a call. B．Send an e-mail. C．Take a training lesson. D．Have an interview. 5．Where is this text most likely from? A．A sports report B．A travel magazine C．A newspaper D．A story book 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是一则关于“区运会”招募志愿者的公告。文章详细介绍了志愿者的招募人数、年龄要求、所需技能、服务内容、申请流程、面试及培训安排，并提供了联系方式，旨在吸引符合条件的市民参与志愿服务。 1．根据文章第一段“The District Games will begin on August 7th... We need 500 volunteers.”以及全文内容可知，这是一则招聘广告，目的是为了区运会招募志愿者。 2．在“Services to Offer”中“Take photos of the faces”可知，需要提供拍照服务。 3．根据“How to Get the Job”部分第二段第一句“If your application succeeds, you'll get an e-mail from July 11th to July 17th.”可知，如果你的申请成功，你将在7月11日至7月17日收到一封电子邮件。 4．根据文章最后一段最后一句“To get more information, please phone 563-7825 or visit https://www. 2025 youth. cn.”，可知可以通过打电话或访问网站获取信息。 5．这是一则公开招募志愿者的公告，包含具体的时间、地点、要求和联系方式，属于公共服务类信息。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期末）Catalina Campos, an 11-year-old girl, loves helping the elderly. Her story of kindness began when she was three. Since her mom worked at a nursing home, Catalina went there with her a lot. During festivals, she would prepare small gifts for people there, bringing joy to their faces. As Catalina grew older, she wanted to do more. She founded a non-profit (非营利的) organization named Circul KC． The purpose (目的) is to let other kids join the charity event to show kindness. On Mother’s Day, they packed flowers with heart-warming cards for the elderly women. They also distributed hundreds of cards on special days, each with best wishes written on it. Besides, they collected donations (捐赠物) of medicine and clothes for the elderly. Then they set everything up at different places around the city, and people could take what they needed for free. The name Circul KC has a special meaning. Catalina explained, “When somebody gives something to us, we can give it to somebody else. Then they can give it to somebody else. It makes a circle of kindness.” A lot of kids are scared to step out of their comfort zone. Catalina often encourages them, “Don’t be shy and nervous. Just smile and you can do it!” 1．What does the underlined word “distributed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Took away. B．Gave out. C．Sold out. D．Stole. 2．What did Circul KC collect for the elderly? A．Gifts and money. B．Computers and phones. C．Flowers and fruit. D．Medicine and clothes. 3．What can we know about the name “Circul KC”? A．It stands for a circle of kindness. B．It is a place where kids can play. C．It usually sells donated things. D．It teaches kids how to make money. 4．Which of the following words could best describe Catalina? A．Quiet and shy. B．Stupid and selfish (自私的). C．Kind and warm-hearted. D．Strict and unfriendly. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了11岁女孩Catalina Campos从小关爱老人并创立慈善组织Circul KC的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章“On Mother’s Day, they packed flowers with heart-warming cards for the elderly women. They also distributed hundreds of cards on special days...”可知，在母亲节他们会为老年女性准备带卡片的花束，结合选项可推知他们会在特殊日子里分发卡片，“distributed”应是“分发”的意思。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“Besides, they collected donations of medicine and clothes for the elderly.”可知，Circul KC为老人收集了药品和衣物。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“The name Circul KC has a special meaning. Catalina explained, ‘When somebody gives something to us, we can give it to somebody else. Then they can give it to somebody else. It makes a circle of kindness.’”可知，Circul KC代表善意在人群里的循环。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据全文Catalina长期帮助老人、创立慈善组织并鼓励他人等行为可知，她是一个善良且热心的人。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·四川达州·期末）Here is a charity sale (义卖) for the poor African children. We will give away the money we raise in the charity sale. Come and see our things. I have some soft toys to sell. The teddy bear is my thirteenth birthday gift. I have had it for one year. It still looks very new. Its original price (原价) is $50. You only need to pay $15 for it now. Other toys are very new but cheap, too. —Nancy I have a music player. I have had it for three months. It works very well now. It stays with me whenever I feel upset. And I have downloaded (下载) some pop songs in it. I hope it can be with you when you are not happy. It cost $220. Now, you can take it for $100. —David I want to sell some of my novels (小说) . I began to buy novels when I was thirteen years old. My favorite novel is Alice in Wonderland. I believe anyone like me will learn a lot from this novel. Each novel only costs $10. You can get the second at half price. —Henry 1．What does Nancy sell? A．The teddy bear. B．The music player. C．Some novels. D．The old computer. 2．How long has David had the music player? A．For three weeks. B．For three months. C．For five months. D．For one year. 3．According to the passage, what may David do when he is unhappy? A．Watch movies. B．Play with toys. C．Read novels. D．Listen to music. 4．How much will you pay if you buy two novels from Henry? A．$10. B．$15. C．$20. D．$25. 5．What can we know from the passage? A．Nancy is 13 years old now. B．You can get the teddy bear at half price. C．Henry learns a lot from Alice in Wonderland. D．There are many rock songs in David’s music player. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了为贫穷的非洲儿童慈善义卖的一些商品信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一信息栏中“I have some soft toys to sell. The teddy bear is my thirteenth birthday gift.”可知，南希卖玩具熊。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二信息栏中“I have a music player. I have had it for three months.”可知，大卫用了这个音乐播放器三个月了。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第二信息栏中“It stays with me whenever I feel upset. And I have downloaded (下载) some pop songs in it. I hope it can be with you when you are not happy.”可推测出，大卫不开心的时候可能会听音乐。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第三信息栏中“Each novel only costs $10. You can get the second at half price.”可知，每本小说只要10美元。你可以半价买到第二本。由此可知，买两本小说需要15美元。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第三信息栏中“My favorite novel is Alice in Wonderland. I believe anyone like me will learn a lot from this novel.”可知，亨利从《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中学到了很多。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·河南郑州·期末）What can little money do? It’s worth thinking it over. A few weeks ago, I got $120 from a friend in a Smile Group. He asked me to do good things with the money. Since then I have used the money to help strangers, and raised a lot of smiles. One day I was in a shop, looking at the second-hand books. It happened that the book shelves (架子) were next to the toy shelf. I noticed that a poorly dressed woman was standing behind me. A little girl about 3 years old came over to the toy shelf. At once her attention (注意力) was caught by a toy dog. She spoke to her mother and her mother asked the shop owner how much it cost. The answer was $3. Then she said “no”. The child said nothing. Maybe “no” was not new for her but she couldn’t keep the disappointment away from her face. I had a total of $5. I put the money in the mother’s hand and said, “Buy her a book, too.” I didn’t wait to see the end. I walked out of the shop. The money the friend gave me was to help me find happiness in the world. Was there any better way to get so much happiness with so little money? 1．The writer got ________ from his friend a few weeks ago. A．little help B．some money C．book shelves D．a lot of smiles 2．The girl was interested in ________. A．a bookstore B．a toy dog C．toy shelves D．second-hand books 3．From Paragraph 3, we can learn that the mother ________. A．couldn’t afford (买得起) the toy B．disliked the toy C．couldn’t stand the girl D．disliked the girl 4．We can infer (推断) the writer was ________ after walking out of the shop. A．disappointed B．sad C．happy D．lonely 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Money is happiness. B．It’s impossible to find happiness. C．Helping others can get happiness. D．We can’t get happiness with little money. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者几周前从微笑群的朋友那里得到120美元，朋友希望他用这笔钱做好事，作者随后在商店里用部分钱帮助了一对母女，并从中感受到快乐的经历。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“A few weeks ago, I got $120 from a friend in a Smile Group.”可知，作者几周前从朋友那里得到了一些钱。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“A little girl about 3 years old came over to the toy shelf. At once her attention was caught by a toy dog.”可知，这个小女孩对一只玩具狗感兴趣。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“She spoke to her mother and her mother asked the shop owner how much it cost. The answer was $3. Then she said ‘no’.”可知，母亲因为买不起这个玩具所以拒绝了女儿。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The money the friend gave me was to help me find happiness in the world. Was there any better way to get so much happiness with so little money?”可推断，作者走出商店后是开心的。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过用少量的钱帮助他人收获了快乐，文章主要表达的是帮助别人可以获得幸福这一主旨。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·浙江湖州·期末） ①Welcome to Volunteer World. The South Africa Childcare Volunteers program is one of our most popular programs. If you like helping others, this program is just right for you. Here’s something you need to know before joining us as a volunteer. ②In South Africa today, over half of the people are poor. In some places, life is really difficult. Not having enough places to look after children means many children are left alone without protection. As a result, many young children miss early education, they can't grow up well and become the best of themselves. ③In Cape Town and some nearby areas in South Africa, finding cheap childcare is super hard for poor parents. This is the biggest problem for them. Although many centers have been set up to help these families, they only have a few workers and resources (资源). This is why we need volunteers to help improve the care to the children. ④As a childcare volunteer, you will work in care centers in Cape Town to look after the kids. Most parents of these kids work in the city, so they can drop off their kids at our centers in the morning and pick them up in the afternoon. Your jobs will be cleaning, preparing meals, and teaching kids math and reading. You will work from Monday to Friday and have a break on weekends. New to volunteering? Don’t be nervous! If you’ve never done this before, our program will pair you with an experienced volunteer for every step. ⑤Come and join us. It’s a great chance to start a meaningful journey. Don’t miss out 1．What is the biggest problem for poor parents in Cape Town and nearby areas? A．No chance to get good jobs. B．No hope to get further education. C．Changes in their living conditions. D．Difficulties in finding cheap childcare. 2．What can we learn about the childcare centers in Cape Town? A．They serve children from rich families. B．They have enough workers and resources. C．They give children lessons on math and reading. D．They allow children to stay all day and all night. 3．Why does the program say “New to volunteering? Don’t be nervous?” in Paragraph 4? A．Because the volunteer work is easy. B．Because parents will come and work. C．Because someone will be there to help. D．Because volunteers are free on weekends. 4．What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To explain the importance of early education. B．To describe volunteer activities in Cape Town. C．To introduce the living conditions in South Africa. D．To encourage people to join the childcare program. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了南非儿童保育志愿者项目，包括南非儿童保育的现状、开普敦及周边地区贫困父母面临的问题、儿童保育中心的工作内容以及项目的鼓励性话语，旨在鼓励人们加入该项目。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段首句“In Cape Town and some nearby areas in South Africa, finding cheap childcare is super hard for poor parents. This is the biggest problem for them.”可知，在开普敦及周边地区，对贫困父母来说，最大的问题是难以找到廉价的儿童保育服务。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Your jobs will be cleaning, preparing meals, and teaching kids math and reading.”可知，志愿者的工作包括教孩子们数学和阅读，由此可推断这些保育中心会给孩子上数学和阅读课。A选项错误，这些中心服务的是贫困家庭（poor parents）的孩子；B选项错误，第三段中明确指出这些中心“only have a few workers and resources”（只有很少的工作人员和资源）；D选项错误，父母是早上送来，下午接走，并非全天候托管。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“If you’ve never done this before, our program will pair you with an experienced volunteer for every step.”可知，新手志愿者不必紧张，因为项目会为每一步都配备一位有经验的志愿者来提供帮助。故选C。 4．写作目的题。通读全文，文章开头引出志愿者项目，接着说明南非贫困儿童面临的困境和需要帮助的原因，然后详细介绍志愿者的工作内容和支持，最后呼吁人们加入。整篇文章的目的是鼓励人们加入这个儿童保育志愿者项目。故选D。 话题5 人与自然（Unit 5-6） Passage 1 Animals grow old, just like humans. What do you think of older wild animals? Are they important to their groups? A new study has found that protecting older wild animals is very important because they have knowledge to help other members survive (生存). ▲When older birds have baby birds, they are better at providing food and finding a good place to live. This makes it more likely for the babies to survive. Older elephants are good at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones aren’t. They are also better at knowing possible dangers. Grandmother orcas (killer whales) use their knowledge to help their families find food when there’s not much around. Older animals face serious problems in some parts of the world. For example, fishing has caused the number of older fish to fall greatly. In some places, because poaching is common, older animals are at risk more than young ones. The researchers, from Charles Darwin University in Australia, said humans must do more to make sure that enough old animals survive. They’ve asked the International Union for Conservation of Nature to help researchers come up with ways to protect those at risk. They also said that we should try to stop catching too many old fish to protect them. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic? A．By telling a joke. B．By sharing a story. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 2．Which of the following can be put in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．Older animals are at risk now and their numbers fall. B．Older animals are better at finding good places to live. C．Older animals can help their members in many ways. D．There are many ways to protect older animals in danger. 3．What does the underlined word “poaching” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．feeding animals B．catching animals C．studying animals D．protecting animals 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show the study of Australian researchers. B．To discuss how animals grow old in the wild. C．To show why old animals need special protection. D．To compare different ways of protecting animals. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文通过科学研究阐述了年长野生动物在种群生存中的关键作用，揭示其生存危机，并呼吁加强对老年动物的保护。 1．根据“What do you think of older wild animals? Are they important to their groups?”可知，文章开头通过提出“你如何看待年老的野生动物？它们对群体重要吗？”这样的问题来引出下文，所以作者是通过提问开始这篇文章的。 2．根据“When older birds have baby birds, they are better at providing food and finding a good place to live. This makes it more likely for the babies to survive. Older elephants...”可知，空处后文说明年长动物如何提升种群生存率，所以空处应表达“年老的动物可以在很多方面帮助它们的种群”。 3．根据“For example, fishing has caused the number of older fish to fall greatly.”及“...older animals are at risk more than young ones.”可知，捕鱼导致老年鱼数量大幅下降，年老的动物更处于危险中，可推断poaching指“非法捕猎”。 4．根据“A new study has found that protecting older wild animals is very important because they have knowledge to help other members survive (生存).”可知，本文通过科学研究阐述了年长野生动物在种群生存中的关键作用，揭示其生存危机，并呼吁加强对老年动物的保护。 Passage 2 Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzee. Jane was excited. On July 16, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would follow the chimpanzees, taking notes on their behavior. She learned many new things about chimpanzees. She watched how a chimpanzee made a tool. She learned how some chimpanzees became good leaders. She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children. She watched animals get angry and get upset. She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did. She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are “saying”.​ 1．What is the best title of the passage? A．Jane Goodall’s College Life B．Jane Goodall’s Family C．Jane Goodall, a Famous Scientist D．Jane Goodall and Louis Leakey 2．What is the correct order of the following according to the passage? a. Jane went to Africa. b. Jane started her exploration. c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey. d. Jane was born in the countryside. e. Jane followed chimpanzees. A．d—a—e—b—c B．b—a—c—d—e C．a—d—c—b—e D．d—a—c—b—e 3．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Give in. B．Set off. C．Bring up. D．Put up. 4．Jane ________ the chimpanzees’ behavior to help others understand them. A．wrote down B．took pictures of C．made videos of D．drew pictures about 5．From the passage we can infer (推断) that ________. A．mother chimpanzees raise their children B．people can communicate with animals C．animals don’t get excited D．chimpanzees make tools 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名科学家珍·古道尔的生平，讲述了她从小对动物的热爱、前往非洲的经历，以及在坦桑尼亚研究黑猩猩的过程与发现。 1．全文围绕著名科学家珍·古道尔研究黑猩猩的生平经历展开，核心就是介绍这位著名科学家。 2．根据文章内容，事件顺序为：d. Jane was born in the countryside.（第二段）→ a. Jane went to Africa.（第三段）→ c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey.（第三段）→ b. Jane started her exploration.（第五段）→ e. Jane followed chimpanzees.（第六段），对应顺序为 d—a—c—b—e。 3．文中“raised their children”指母黑猩猩抚养幼崽，“raise”在此意为“养育、抚养”，与“bring up”同义。 4．根据最后一段“She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did.”，珍·古道尔将黑猩猩的行为记录下来，帮助他人了解它们。 5．根据最后一段“She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are ‘saying’.”，可推断人们通过细致观察可以理解动物的行为，与它们沟通。 Passage 3 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over 9,000,000 square kilometers across North Africa. The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. During the day, temperatures rise above 40℃, while nights can be very cold. It’s one of the toughest (艰难的) environments on earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there; most of them are nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent (固定的) homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara depend on goats, sheep, and camels (骆驼) for food and transport. Water is the most important for them; they need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. Without water, life is impossible. A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾). The Sahara was once much wetter and greener. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change. 1．Where’s the Sahara? A．In South Africa. B．In Northeastern Africa. C．In Northwestern Africa. D．In North Africa. 2．What does the underlined word “nomads” probably mean? A．People who always carry things in the desert. B．People who always have to move their homes. C．People who only have one place to live. D．People who have no place to live. 3．According to the passage, what’s a desert? A．A place that has nomads living in it. B．A place that is very hot and dry all year round. C．A place that has more than 25% sand on its surface. D．A place that gets less than 250 mm of rain every year. 4．What’s the passage about? A．Facts about the Sahara. B．The people of the Sahara. C．The weather of the Sahara. D．The history of the Sahara. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文全面介绍了世界最大热带沙漠——撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、气候、居民、地貌特征以及演变历史等各类科普知识。 1．第一段明确提到：“It covers over 9,000,000 square kilometers across North Africa.”，这直接说明撒哈拉沙漠的位置。 2．第二段明确提到：“Nomads are people who have no permanent (固定的) homes.”，也就是没有固定住所、需要不断搬迁住所的人。 3．第三段明确提到：“To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year.”，也就是说沙漠是按降雨量定义的。 4．通读全文可知，文章从位置、气候、居民、地貌、历史多个方面介绍了撒哈拉的相关信息。 Passage 4 There are many different kinds of land on the earth. Two of these are deserts and forests. A desert is a very dry area. It has little rain in a year. Deserts can be hard places to live in—not like forests or plains. Many plants can’t grow in a desert, because there is not enough water to keep them alive. Most deserts are hot. The temperature may go from very hot at midday to very cold at night. The temperature changes so much because there isn’t enough moisture (水分) to block the rays of the sun. Even when there is rain, the rain may evaporate (蒸发) before it reaches the ground. It may turn from liquid to steam, like air. Or it may dry up soon after it hits the ground. The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there. So the ground gets dry, hot and hard. There isn’t enough moisture to cool it. Some deserts are cooler. But they are still dry. When they think of deserts, many people think of sand. But not all deserts have sand. Some have gravel (碎石), rocky hills, or long, low, dry places where rivers used to be. 1．Deserts can be hard places for many plants to grow in because ________. A．there is not enough water B．they are like forests or plains C．there are many different kinds of land D．deserts have gravel and rocky hills 2．The temperature in deserts ________. A．is rising B．is always high C．changes a lot D．falls slightly(轻微地) 3．The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there so ________. A．moisture blocks the rays of the sun B．the rain hits the ground C．the ground gets dry, hot and hard D．some deserts are cooler 4．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Health. B．Travel. C．Nature. D．Business. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地球上沙漠这一地貌的特点，包括沙漠干旱的环境、昼夜温差大的气候特征，以及沙漠并非都由沙子构成的地理特点等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“Many plants can’t grow in a desert, because there is not enough water to keep them alive.”可知，许多植物不能在沙漠里生长，因为没有足够的水维持它们的生命。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“The temperature changes so much”可知，沙漠的温度变化非常大。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there. So the ground gets dry, hot and hard.”可知，太阳照射在地球上，带走了那里所有的水分，所以地面变得干燥、炎热且坚硬。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章整体内容可知，介绍的是沙漠这一自然地貌的相关特征，属于自然范畴的知识。故选C。 Passage 5 There are different kinds of plants and animals on Earth and they get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how living things get their food. Let’s find out more about the amazing world of food chains. Scientists call plants producers, because they use light from the sun to produce food. Animals can’t produce their own food. Instead, they must eat plants or other animals. This is why scientists call them consumers (消费者). There are different kinds of consumer animals. The first kind only eats plants. The next kind only eats other animals, and the third kind eats both plants and animals. Bacteria and fungus (细菌和真菌) are also important in a food chain. They are decomposers (分解者). For example, giraffes eat leaves and then lions eat giraffes. The bacteria and fungus work on the lions’ waste and their dead bodies. Knowing about food chains is important because it helps us understand how all living things live together. If we hurt one part of the food chain, it could lead to problems for many different animals and plants. Studying food chains also teaches us to be kind to the environment. When we learn how to protect animals and plants, we are helping to keep the food chain strong. This way, all living things can get the food they need and live happily. 1．Which of the following can be the producer in a food chain? A．A tree. B．The sun. C．A snake. D．Some bacteria. 2．How many kinds of consumer animals are there in paragraph 2? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 3．Which is the right order of the food chain according to the text? A． B． C． D． 4．How could we help keep the food chain strong? A．By studying what the food chain is. B．By producing more food for consumers. C．By learning how to protect plants and animals. D．By taking notes about how all living things live together. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Useful Producers B．Better Environment C．Different Consumers D．Important Food Chains 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍食物链相关知识，包括生产者（植物，能光合作用制造食物）、消费者（动物，分为食植物、食其他动物、杂食三类）、分解者（细菌和真菌），还讲了了解食物链的重要性（理解生物共生、保护动植物以维持食物链）。 1．细节理解题。根据“Scientists call plants producers, because they use light from the sun to produce food.”，树（A tree）是植物，属于生产者，A正确；太阳不是生物，B错误；蛇是消费者，C错误；细菌是分解者，D错误。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The first kind only eats plants. The next kind only eats other animals, and the third kind eats both plants and animals.”可知，有3种消费者动物，故选B。 3．推理判断题。食物链顺序：植物（生产者）→食草动物→食肉动物→分解者。文中例子“giraffes eat leaves and then lions eat giraffes. The bacteria and fungus work on the lions’ waste and their dead bodies.”，对应B图顺序，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“When we learn how to protect animals and plants, we are helping to keep the food chain strong.”可知，保护动植物可维持食物链。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕食物链（生产者、消费者、分解者）及重要性展开，“Important Food Chains（重要的食物链）”适合做标题，故选D。 1 / 1zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $