Unit 5 Looking into nature 自主检测 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** Unit 5 Looking into nature自主检测以自然主题为载体，通过完形填空、阅读、填空及书面表达等题型，构建“基础词汇-语篇理解-综合表达”的三阶巩固路径，适配初中英语单元复习需求，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|词汇运用（动词、介词等）、语法（连词、副词）|完形填空（10分）聚焦核心词汇辨析，短文填空（14分）强化单词拼写与语境应用，夯实语言基础| |进阶层|语篇理解、信息提取|阅读理解（8分）结合科学实验情境考查细节与推理，阅读表达（10分）通过问答形式训练信息整合，提升思维逻辑性| |提升层|综合语言输出|书面表达（15分）围绕“孤独鲸鱼”故事进行连贯写作，融合描述与情感表达，发展语言综合运用能力|

Unit 5 Looking into nature 自主检测 满分：57分 限时：40 分钟 Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共10分) Meng Lan is a lovely giant panda. He was born in 2015 and now lives in Beijing Zoo. Meng Lan is very popular. Let's learn more about him! Meng Lan loves to eat bamboo. Every day, he spends about 12 hours 1 bamboo. He also enjoys fruits like apples and pears. Meng Lan is very active and often walks 2 his home. Sometimes he climbs trees or plays with toys. Meng Lan is not only playful but also very smart. He can 3 simple commands(命令)from his keepers. For example, when they ask him to stand up, he will stand on his legs. Visitors are always excited to see him perform these. Meng Lan's fur is black and white, which helps him 4 in the forest. This is important for wild pandas 5 it keeps them safe from predators(捕食性动物). Meng Lan lives in a zoo, but he still has the natural 6 of a wild panda. Many people come to the zoo just to see Meng Lan. They take photos and 7 his funny actions. Meng Lan seems to enjoy it and often moves 8 to the visitors. The zookeepers say that he is very friendly and loves to interact(互动) with people. Meng Lan is a(n) 9 of China's efforts to protect giant pandas. The number of pandas in the wild is slowly increasing. Meng Lan's life in the zoo helps people understand the importance of protecting these amazing animals. If you 10 Beijing Zoo, don't forget to say hello to Meng Lan. He will surely brighten your day! 1. A. playing B. eating C. sleeping D. running 2. A. away B. out C. around D. to 3. A. scream B. forget C. avoid D. follow 4. A. show B. hide C. appear D. disappear 5. A. because B. but C. or D. until 6. A. habits B. views C. toys D. friends 7. A. look after B. laugh at C. shout at D. depend on 8. A. higher B. farther C. slower D. closer 9. A. symbol B. courage C. invitation D. relationship 10. A. buy B. visit C. sell D. get Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共8分) Fish babies in space! In a space study on zebrafish, Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to China's space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship on April 25.Since then, they have been living in a closed fish bowl with some plants. The fish grew up and had babies in 43 days. In this special closed ecosystem(封闭的生态系统), the plants made oxygen for the fish and the fish's waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle(注射针). Such a closed-loop ecosystem is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and easily. The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted differently than on the Earth. For example, they often swam on their back. The low gravity(重力) in space is a big reason. On the Earth, gravity pulls everything to the Earth's center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger. Humans and zebrafish share 87 percent of the same genes(基因), so the new finding will help scientists know more about human health. 11. What do we know about the space study? A. Scientists from different countries did it together. B. It took place in a closed ecosystem. C. The zebrafish gave birth to four babies in the end. D. It lasted for less than one month. 12. Which picture should be in the circle to show the ecosystem in the fish bowl? 13. What can we infer about the result of the low gravity in space? A. Human bodies got less strong. B. Animals could easily find their way. C. The zebrafish swam on their back. D. The zebrafish could fly out of the water. 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The plan for studying human genes. B. The findings of the space study. C. Further studies on zebrafish. D. The importance of the study. Ⅲ.阅读表达(每小题2分，共10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 In cities, a growing number of people are turning their homes into small green gardens by keeping houseplants. According to a recent survey, about 65% of the families have at least three plants in their living spaces. There are several reasons why indoor gardening has become so popular in the city. First, plants help make indoor air clean. They take in harmful things from the air and give out fresh oxygen. Second, looking after plants brings a sense of achievement, especially when seeing a small seed grow into a healthy plant. Moreover, plants are beautiful, ever-changing home decorations. Unlike static artworks(静态的艺术品), living plants grow and change with the seasons, bringing natural beauty into city flats. However, beginners often face some problems. Some choose unsuitable plants. For example, many beginners buy sun-loving plants like roses but place them in rooms with poor light. Overwatering is another common problem. New growers may water plants too often because they don't know that most indoor plants prefer drier soil. To help solve the problems, local gardening centers provide free guidance on choosing the right plants for different light conditions and proper watering skills. With the right knowledge, anyone can achieve success in home gardening. Moreover, many neighborhood communities have started plant exchange programs to share advice with beginners. Some schools have even added plant care to their life skills courses. With these helpful resources, anyone in the city can develop a green thumb and enjoy the journey of growing alongside your plants. Why not begin your own indoor gardening adventure today? 15. What is the difference between living plants and static artworks? 16. What problems do beginners often face in plant-growing? 17. Why is overwatering bad for most indoor plants? 18. How do local gardening centers help solve the beginners' problems? 19. How can you develop a green thumb?(请自拟一句话回答) Ⅳ.短文填空(每小题2分，共14分) 阅读下面短文，根据所给的首字母提示写出所缺的单词，使文章内容通顺。 What will our world be like if there are no insects? It might sound nice in the 20. b .There would be no bugs or flies in your room. But in fact, this could cause really serious 21. p . The bad news is that the number of insects keeps 22. d . Scientists say it's mainly because of the use of pesticides(农药). They destroy the places that insects live in. What would happen if all insects died out? It's almost impossible to predict, but the23. r would be terrible. We need insects to pollinate(授粉) crops. They also break down dead plants and animals and turn them into new24. u things. We need them to keep the soil healthy. 25. W insects, many animals would have nothing to eat. They would go hungry and die. The first thing we need to do is to let more people 26. u the importance of the natural world, both for what it does for us and for itself. The best place to start is with our children. We should teach them about environmental awareness(环保意识) at an early age. V.书面表达(共15分) 你听说过“最孤独的鲸鱼” Alice的故事吗?请根据以下内容提示写一篇介绍 Alice的文章。 内容提示：人们在 1989年首次发现了鲸鱼Alice,它身长39英尺(foot)。人们很惊奇地发现 Alice用不同于其他鲸鱼的频率“说话”(speak at a different frequency from...),因此没有其他鲸鱼能听到 Alice“说话”，它找不到它的家人和朋友。Alice曾独自游过了太平洋。后来, Alice 消失了。 写作要求：1.词数80左右； 2.必须包含上述要点，可发挥想象。 Ⅰ.[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了大熊猫萌兰。 1.B 考查动词。根据其前的“萌兰喜欢吃竹子”可知，此处表示“每天，萌兰花大约十二个小时吃竹子”，所缺的词是 eating。 2.C 考查介词。此处表示“萌兰非常活跃，经常在自家周围散步”，around符合题意。 3.D 考查动词。scream尖叫; forget忘记; avoid避免;follow遵从。根据“例如，当他们让它站起来时，它会用腿站立”可知，此处表示“它能听从饲养员的简单命令”，follow符合题意。 4.B 考查动词。此处表示“萌兰的皮毛是黑白相间的，这可以帮助它在森林里藏起来”，hide符合题意。 5.A 考查连词。设空处前意为“这对野生大熊猫来说是很重要的”，设空处后意为“这能让它们安全躲避捕食性动物”，设空处前后内容是因果关系(前果后因)，because符合题意。 6.A 考查名词。其前提到野生大熊猫借助皮毛的颜色来躲避捕食性动物，由此可知，此处表示“萌兰虽然住在动物园里，但它仍然有野生大熊猫的自然习性”，habits符合题意。 7.B 考查短语。look after照顾; laugh at 嘲笑，因……大笑; shout at对……大叫; depend on依赖，取决于。此处表示“他们拍照，并因其有趣的行为而大笑”，laugh at符合题意。 8.D 考查副词。此处表示“萌兰似乎很享受，经常靠近游客”，closer符合题意。 9.A 考查名词。symbol象征; courage勇气; invitation邀请; relationship关系。此处表示“萌兰是中国努力保护大熊猫的象征”，symbol符合题意。 10.B 考查动词。此处表示“如果你参观北京动物园，别忘了向萌兰问好”，visit符合题意。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了中国科学家在太空对斑马鱼所进行的研究及其成果。 11.B 细节理解题。根据“They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.”和“In this special closed ecosystem”可知，这项太空研究是在封闭的生态系统中进行的。故选B。 12.B 图片理解题。根据“In this special closed ecosystem, the plants made oxygen for the fish and the fish's waste gave the plants food.”可知,植物为鱼提供氧气，鱼的排泄物为植物提供养分。故选B。 13. A 推理判断题。根据“Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger.”可知,重力能让身体变得更强壮，由此可推知，太空中的低重力环境有可能导致身体不那么强壮。故选 A。 易错警示 题干中的 infer意为“推断”，其答案往往不是在文中直接可以找到的内容，而是要经过推理得来。在第13题中，选项C是文中已经出现的内容，不需要通过推理得来，因此选项C不是本题的正确选项。 14. D段落大意题。通读最后一段可知，由于斑马鱼和人类在基因上有相同之处，因此对斑马鱼的研究也能够造福人类。本段旨在表明这项太空研究的重要性,故选 D。 Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了室内园艺在城市的家庭中流行的这一现象。 15. Living plants grow and change with the seasons, while static artworks don't. 根据“Unlike static artworks… into city flats.”可知,活的植物具备随季节生长变化的特点，静态艺术品则没有这一特点。 16. Choosing unsuitable plants and overwatering.根据“Some choose unsuitable plants.”和“Overwatering is another common problem.”可知,新手面临的问题主要是挑选了不合适的植物以及浇水过多。 17. Because most indoor plants prefer drier soil.根据“New growers may water plants too often because they don't know that most indoor plants prefer drier soil.”可知，浇水过多对室内植物没有好处，因为大多数室内植物更喜欢干燥一些的土壤。 18. By providing free guidance on plant choice and watering skills.根据“To help solve the problems… and proper watering skills.”可知,园艺中心提供有关挑选植物和浇水技巧两个方面的免费指导。 19. I can start by learning basic plant care. 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。 Ⅳ.[语篇解读]本文阐述了近年来昆虫数量一直在下降这一现象，并借此强调了昆虫的重要性。 20. beginning 此处表示“这一开始可能听起来很不错”, in the beginning 意为“起初;一开始”,所缺的词是 beginning。 21. problems 此处表示“但事实上，这可能会导致非常严重的问题”，problem意为“问题”，是可数名词，设空处前没有不定冠词或其他限定词修饰，因此要填其复数形式，problems符合题意。 22. dropping 此处表示“坏消息是昆虫的数量一直在下降”, drop 意为“下降”, keep doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“持续做某事”, dropping符合题意。 23. results 此处表示“但结果将是可怕的”, result意为“结果；后果”，是可数名词。产生的结果不止一个，因此要填其复数形式，results符合题意。 24. useful 此处表示“它们还会分解死去的植物和动物，并将其转化为新的有用的物质”，useful 符合题意。 25. Without 此处表示“没有昆虫，许多动物就没有东西吃了”, without意为“没有”,符合题意。 26. understand 此处表示“我们需要做的第一件事是让更多的人理解自然界的重要性”，understand 意为“理解;了解”, let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,understand 符合题意。 V. One possible version: Have you heard about a whale named Alice? It is called the loneliest whale in the world. Alice was 39 feet long. It was first discovered by people in 1989. People were surprised to discover that Alice spoke at a different frequency from other whales, so no other whales could hear Alice's voice. Therefore, Alice was lonely and had to live alone. It couldn't find its family and friends. Alice was strong and it once swam across the Pacific Ocean by itself. But one day, Alice disappeared and people couldn't see it anymore. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $