专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，广西专用）七年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 精选广西南宁、玉林等地2025七年级下期末说明文阅读真题，涵盖饮食文化、自然科学、社会公益等10个主题，注重语言信息获取与跨文化思维培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（说明文）|10篇/50题|细节查找（如欧洲下午茶时间）、推理判断（如文章出处）、主旨结构（如“总-分”结构分析）、词义猜测（如“escape”“thick”）|结合社会热点（蓝天救援队）、生活实际（回南天），通过对比（手势文化差异）、数据（学生运动调查）等情境设计问题，梯度覆盖基础理解到综合应用|

专题04阅读理解（说明文） Passage 1 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）How many meals do you have every day? Do you know people in Europe have more meals a day? The first meal must be breakfast from seven to nine. They have bread, milk or porridge. Europeans (欧洲人) usually have lunch at around 1 p.m. Meat is the main food. They have chicken, beef, fish and vegetables. They also drink coffee when they enjoy meals. The next is the afternoon tea. It is from four to five. They would like to ask their best friends to sit in a dessert (甜品) shop. They drink tea and taste dessert. The last meal is dinner. Europeans could have dinner from half past seven to ten. For them, it is an important meal with the family. First, they have pancakes and warm soup. Then they have salad and meat. Later there are small cakes and fruit like apples, oranges and bananas. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By showing pictures. 2．When would Europeans be likely to have the afternoon tea? A．2:30 p.m. B．3:30 p.m. C．4:30 p.m. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Europeans have breakfast at 6:30 a.m. B．Europeans may have apples after dinner. C．Europeans like to have dinner with friends. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ 5．Where can we read the passage? A．A storybook. B．A poster. C．A food magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了许多欧洲人的饮食习惯。 1．细节理解题。根据“How many meals do you have every day?”可知，作者通过提问的方式开始了这篇文章。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The next is the afternoon tea. It is from four to five.”可知，欧洲人下午茶是在四五点。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Later there are small cakes and fruit like apples, oranges and bananas.”可知，晚餐后，欧洲人会吃小点心以及诸如苹果、橙子和香蕉之类的水果。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。本文主要介绍了许多欧洲人的饮食习惯。第一段引出话题；第二三四五段分别介绍了欧洲人的饮食习惯，则本文的结构为“总——分”结构，选项C“①—②③④⑤”符合。故选C。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了许多欧洲人的饮食习惯，所以推测可能在食物杂志上看到这篇文章，故选C。 Passage 2 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）Have you ever seen this flower? The flower is really big. Its color is red. Look closely, and you can find that it has teeth. It is called Rafflesia. It is the world’s biggest flower. You can see it in a new documentary (纪录片), The Green Planet (行星). The documentary shows us the world of plants. To find different plants from the world, the film workers travelled from the rainforest to some snowy places. They also climbed mountains and walked into deserts. To find plants in the water, they even jumped into rivers. Those film workers travelled to twenty-seven countries and it took them about four years to finish the documentary. The documentary opens our eyes to the natural world, and it shares an important message with us—plants are really important in nature. They help us in many ways, such as making oxygen, cleaning the air and giving us fruit. They are our best friends. We shouldn’t hurt them. We need to protect them. Always remember, what we do in the next 20 years will decide the future of plants in the world. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing numbers. 2．What is Rafflesia? A．The name of a film. B．The name of a place. C．The name of a flower. 3．What do we know about the documentary? ①Its film workers jumped into rivers to find plants. ②Its film workers travelled to twenty-seven countries. ③It took the film workers about four years to finish it. ④It shows us the world of plants and animals. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ 4．What does the underlined word “They” refer (指) to? A．Plants. B．Film workers. C．Mountains. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．A Different Fruit B．A Big Forest C．A New Documentary 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一部有关植物的纪录片《绿色星球》，呼吁人们保护植物。 1．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever seen this flower?”可知，作者通过问一个问题来开始这篇文章的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“ The flower is really big. Its color is red. Look closely, and you can find that it has teeth. It is called Rafflesia.”可知，Rafflesia是一种花的名字。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“To find plants in the water, they even jumped into rivers.”；根据“Those film workers travelled to twenty-seven countries and it took them about four years to finish the documentary.”可知，并未提及它向我们展示了植物和动物的世界。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“…plants are really important in nature. They help us in many ways, such as making oxygen, cleaning the air and giving us fruit.”可知，植物在自然界中真的很重要，它们在很多方面帮助我们，比如制造氧气、清洁空气和给我们水果，所以划线部分指代的是“plants”。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一部与植物相关的新纪录片，故选C。 Passage 3 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）①  The Nanning Blue Sky Rescue Team (BSRT) is a volunteer (志愿者) group. It not only helps people in danger but also gives classes in schools. ②  The BSRT started in 2015. It achieved in saving many people. In 2023, heavy rain made many people lose their homes. Luckily, the team arrived with boats and hope. They saved more than 87 people, including children and the old. In 2024, they saved 15 losing hikers in the mountains and gave medical help to 50 villagers after a strong wind. “We tried our best to help people escape from natural dangers.” says Li Wei, the leader of the team. ③  Now the BSRT has over 200 members and they always wear yellow uniforms. To be a member of BSRT is a great challenge. New members must pass strict tests. The members not only save people’s lives but also start safety classes in schools. They teach students life-saving and living skills. “Everyone should learn basic living skills. We especially hope children can learn how to save themselves from dangers while swimming.” says Li Wei. ④  Thanks to the BSRT and its great work, we can live safely. It is the guard (守卫) of our happiness and the yellow uniform has become a symbol of hope across Nanning. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．When did the Nanning Blue Sky Rescue Team (BSRT) start? A．In 2010. B．In 2015. C．In 2023. 2．What does the underlined word “escape” mean? A．改变 B．逃生 C．遇难 3．Why does BSRT start safety classes in schools? A．To teach students life-saving and living skills. B．To raise money for buying new tools and boats. C．To encourage young volunteers to be new members. 4．What is the structure of this passage? A．①/②③④ B．①②③/④ C．①/②③/④ 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce BSRT and its great work. B．To tell people not to swim without BSRT. C．To explain how to save people with BSRT. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了南宁蓝天救援队这个志愿者组织。 1．细节理解题。根据“The BSRT started in 2015.”可知，BSRT成立于2015年。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“We tried our best to help people escape from natural dangers.”可知，BSRT帮助人们从自然灾害中逃生，所以划线词意为“逃生”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“They teach students life-saving and living skills.”可知，他们教授学生救生和生活技能。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段介绍BSRT的基本情况；第二段详细描述BSRT的具体工作——救援行动、成员要求和教学活动；第四段总结BSRT的重要意义。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了南宁蓝天救援队(BSRT)这个志愿者组织，该组织不仅从事应急救援工作，还在学校开展安全教育。所以本文的主要目的是介绍BSRT及其伟大的工作。故选A。 Passage 4 （2025七年级下·广西百色·期末）①Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise because it makes our mind smart and body strong. Regular (有规律的) exercise can help us do better in tests and schoolwork, too. ②Tom is an example for this. He likes playing football. Every Tuesday and Thursday after school, he plays football with his friends for 30 minutes. After a good game, he feels his body full of energy and it can help him study better. He finds that he can finish his homework very fast and get better grades in tests. So, exercise truly (真正地) makes Tom do well in his studies. ③There are lots of ways to exercise. We can take a walk, go for a run, swim in the water, or play ball games like basketball or football. But how should we exercise? Here are some easy tips. First, pick an exercise you truly like. If you enjoy it, you can keep doing it! Second, don’t overdo it. Exercising too much can be bad for you. It’s best (最好) to exercise twice a week, and 30 minutes each time is enough. Finally, try different kinds of sports. You might find one, two, or even three that are just right for you. ④So, start exercising today! 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．Why is exercise important in the passage? A．It only makes our body strong. B．It helps us make more friends. C．It makes our mind smart and body strong and helps with studies. 2．How often does Tom play football? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. 3．What are the tips for exercising in the passage? A．Choose an exercise you like, don’t overdo it and try different kinds. B．Choose an exercise you like and exercise as much as you can. C．Only play ball games and exercise once a week. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． 5．What is the main idea (主旨大意) of the text? A．To show us Tom’s daily life. B．To tell us different kinds of sports. C．To tell us the importance of exercise and the right ways to exercise. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了每个人都应该进行锻炼，锻炼对于健康有好处，还介绍了几种锻炼的方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“We all need to exercise because it makes our mind smart and body strong. Regular (有规律的) exercise can help us do better in tests and schoolwork, too.”可知，锻炼既能让头脑灵活、身体强壮，还能帮助学习，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Every Tuesday and Thursday after school, he plays football with his friends for 30 minutes.”可知，Tom每周二和周四踢足球，一周两次，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“First, pick an exercise you truly like.”；“Second, don’t overdo it.”以及“Finally, try different kinds of sports.”可知，第三段给出的锻炼建议是：选喜欢的运动、不要过量、尝试不同项目，故选A。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二段和第三段举例与说明；最后一段总结号召，因此文章是总分总结构。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者主要强调锻炼的重要性以及如何正确锻炼，故选C。 Passage 5 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）There are many lakes in China. Today, let’s learn something about them. Taihu LakeIt is a freshwater (淡水的) lake in Jiangsu. There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Taihu Lake to fish and enjoy fishing. It is really a good place for fishing. Qiandao LakeIt is a clear freshwater lake with beautiful hills and green forests. There are many kinds of fish in the lake. You can’t see some of them in other places in China. Yangcheng LakeIt is a freshwater lake between Taihu Lake and the Yangtze River. It is famous for Chinese mitten crabs (大闸蟹), a kind of popular food in China. Qinghai LakeIt is a saltwater lake in China. It’s on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It’s an important rest place for many kinds of birds. The best time to visit it is from June to September. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How many lakes does the writer talk about in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 2．If you are a fishing lover, which lake can you go to for the Fishing Festival? A．Taihu Lake. B．Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake. 3．What is Yangcheng Lake famous for? A．Fish. B．Birds. C．Chinese mitten crabs. 4．When is the best time to visit Qinghai Lake? A．January. B．August. C．May. 5．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Taihu Lake is a freshwater lake. B．There are many kinds of fish in Qiandao Lake. C．Qinghai Lake is far from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国四个著名湖泊（太湖、千岛湖、阳澄湖、青海湖）的特点及相关活动。 1．细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了中国四个著名湖泊（太湖、千岛湖、阳澄湖、青海湖）。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Taihu Lake”的内容“There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Taihu Lake to fish and enjoy fishing. It is really a good place for fishing.”可知，如果是钓鱼爱好者，可以去太湖参加钓鱼节。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Yangcheng Lake”的内容“It is famous for Chinese mitten crabs (大闸蟹), a kind of popular food in China.”可知，阳澄湖以大闸蟹闻名。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Qinghai Lake”的内容“The best time to visit it is from June to September.”可知，8月属于最佳访问时间范围内。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Qinghai Lake”的内容“It’s on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.”可知，青海湖位于青藏高原，而不是“远离”，故选C。 Passage 1 （2025七年级下·广西玉林·期末）Do you know huinantian, or ongoing wet weather? Huinantian is a special kind of weather in Southeast China in warm spring. It appears (出现) when the weather becomes warmer and warmer. Days before it comes, the weather is usually cold. After the cold air goes away, warm air quickly comes and gets cool. There is a lot of water in the air. So you can see small water drops on windows and walls. Ongoing wet weather makes it easy for bacteria (细菌) to grow. Food goes bad easily, clothes stay wet, and sofas can get wet. Things like TV sets and computers may break down when they get wet inside. It’s dangerous because you may get an electric shock (电击) when turning them on. Wet weather also makes people feel tired and even sick. People can catch a cold easily during this time, as the temperature changes fast. However, ongoing wet weather can be helpful too. Thanks to huinantian, plants can grow better with enough water and warmer air. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．When does huinantian usually appear? A．In cold winter. B．In warm spring. C．In hot summer. 2．Why are there small water drops on windows and walls during huinantian? A．Because it rains heavily all the time. B．Because people pour water on them. C．Because warm air gets cool and there is much water in the air. 3．What bad things can ongoing wet weather bring? A．Bacteria grow easily and things get wet or break down. B．People become stronger and healthier. C．All plants die because of too much water. 4．What may happen if you turn on a wet TV set? A．It will work better than before. B．You may get an electric shock. C．You will see your favourite TV shows. 5．Where can we probably (可能) read the passage? A．A storybook full of interesting stories. B．A science book about weather and nature. C．A cookbook teaching how to cook delicious food. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国东南部暖春时节出现的“回南天”天气。 1．细节理解题。根据“Huinantian is a special kind of weather in Southeast China in warm spring.”可知，在暖春时候出现。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“After the cold air goes away, warm air quickly comes and gets cool. There is a lot of water in the air. So you can see small water drops on windows and walls.”可知，暖空气遇冷，空气湿度大。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ongoing wet weather makes it easy for bacteria (细菌) to grow. Food goes bad easily, clothes stay wet, and sofas can get wet. Things like TV sets and computers may break down”可知，会细菌滋生、物品受潮或损坏。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Things like TV sets and computers may break down when they get wet inside. It’s dangerous because you may get an electric shock (电击) when turning them on.”可知，如果你打开湿的电视机，可能会触电。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国东南部暖春时节出现的“回南天”天气，可能来源于一本关于天气和自然的科学书。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）When we go to other countries, sometimes the language can be a problem. Luckily, hand gestures (手势) can help us. However, the same hand gestures have different meanings in different countries. The “OK” gestureIn America, the “OK” gesture simply means okay. In Japan, it means money. In Brazil, it is a rude (粗鲁的) gesture. The “V” gestureIn America, the “V” gesture means peace (和平). It also means victory. In Japan and the Republic of Korea, people use it to show their cute faces when they take pictures. However, in England, things are different. When people use the same gesture but with the back of the hand facing outwards (向外), it isn’t polite. It is an insult (侮辱). The “Thumbs-up” gestureIn America, the “Thumbs-up” gesture means good. People also use it when they want to hitchhike (搭便车). But in some other countries, such as Iraq (伊拉克) and Iran (伊朗), it is an insult. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．According to the passage, what may be a problem when we are in other countries? A．Health. B．Languages. C．Life. 2．What does the “OK” gesture mean in Japan? A．Money. B．Peace. C．Good. 3．Where does the “V” gesture mean victory? A．In China. B．In Brazil. C．In America. 4．When people use “Thumbs-up” gesture in Iraq, what will Iraqis (伊拉克人) feel? A．Comfortable. B．Unhappy. C．Tired. 5．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．History. B．Food. C．Culture. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了在不同国家，相同手势可能有不同含义，介绍了“OK”、“V”和“Thumbs-up”这几种手势在美、日、巴西、伊拉克等国家的不同意义。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“When we go to other countries, sometimes the language can be a problem.”，可知在其他国家时，语言可能是个问题，故选B。 2．细节理解题。由文中“In Japan, it means money.”（这里it指代“OK”手势），可知在日本“OK”手势意思是钱，故选A。 3．细节理解题 。依据文中“In America, the ‘V’ gesture means peace (和平). It also means victory”，可知在美国“V”手势意味着胜利，故选C。 4．推理判断题。从文中“But in some other countries, such as Iraq (伊拉克) and Iran (伊朗), it is an insult.”（这里it指代“Thumbs-up”手势），可知在伊拉克这个手势是种侮辱，故可推测出，伊拉克人会不开心，故选B。 5．推理判断题。文章主要讲不同国家手势含义不同，属于文化差异范畴，所以可能在报纸文化板块读到，故选C。 Passage 3 （2025七年级下·广西河池·期末）① Animals are important to us and they are our friends. But some of them are in great danger now. What can we do to help save them? ② Don’t eat wild (野生的) animals’ meat. Some of us like to eat meat. But some meat may come from endangered (濒危的) animals. To save animals, don’t eat their meat. ③ Don’t wear clothes made of fur. Sometimes people kill animals for their fur. If we don’t buy clothes made of fur, people will not kill animals. ④ Please give away (捐赠) money to Animal Helpers. The group does everything to help save animals. But it often needs money. So save some money and give it away to the group to help animals. ⑤ Tell people that it’s important to save animals. Not all people know animals are our friends and that we must save them. So why not tell people around us that it’s important to save animals? ⑥ Do you have any other good ways to help save animals? Write to tell us. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How many ways are there to save animals in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 2．What can you do to help save animals if you have much money? A．Buy some endangered animals. B．Buy clothes made of fur. C．Give away some money. 3．What can’t we know from the passage? A．Animal Helpers can help save animals. B．Some animals are not friendly to people. C．Some animals are in great danger now. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②③④⑤/⑥ 5．Which one is the best title for the passage? A．How to Help Save Animals B．What to Do for Animal Helpers C．Where to Find Many Animals 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了动物对我们很重要，它们是我们的朋友，但有些动物现在处于极大的危险中，文中介绍了拯救它们的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据文中②“Don’t eat wild (野生的) animals’ meat.”、③“Don’t wear clothes made of fur.”、④“Please give away (捐赠) money to Animal Helpers.”、⑤“Tell people that it’s important to save animals.” 可知，文中提到了4种拯救动物的方法。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据④“Please give away (捐赠) money to Animal Helpers... So save some money and give it away to the group to help animals.”可知，如果有很多钱，可以捐赠一些钱来帮助拯救动物。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“But some of them are in great danger now.”以及“The group does everything to help save animals.”以及“Tell people that it’s important to save animals. Not all people know animals are our friends and that we must save them.”可知，文中没有提到一些动物对人类不友好。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。第①段总起全文，讲述如今动物处于危险中；第②③④⑤段讲述保护动物的具体方法；第⑥段是询问读者是否有其他拯救动物的方法并邀请投稿，所以结构是①/②③④⑤/⑥。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕如何帮助拯救动物展开，介绍了多种方法。故选A。 Passage 4 （2025七年级下·广西贺州·期末）My friend and I asked 100 students from our school. We asked them some questions about their favourite sports activities. Here are the results. Q 1: What sports do you like best? How often do students play soccer? Every day Three times a week Twice a week Once a week 4 5 ? 1 Q 2: When do you usually play soccer? Q 3:_______________________ I can make friends and learn to work with others when I play soccer. It’s enjoyable. Playing soccer helps me relax after a day’s hard work. And It’s good for my health. 根据以上内容，给下列问题选择最佳选项，并将其字母标号在答题卡上涂黑。 1．What sport is the most popular according to Q 1? A．Basketball. B．Soccer. C．Running. 2．How many students play soccer twice a week? A．4. B．5. C．10. 3．Which of the following is the third question? A．How do you keep fit? B．Where do you play soccer? C．Why do you like playing soccer? 4．What does Wei Cheng think of playing soccer? A．Enjoyable. B．Relaxing. C．Interesting. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Exercise. B．People. C．Travel. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文围绕校园学生运动喜好等开展调查，介绍相关结果。 1．推理判断题。根据Q1的饼状图可知，Basketball对应的数量是30，是最大的数值，所以篮球是最受欢迎的运动。故选A。 2．推理判断题。已知调查的是100名学生里喜欢足球的情况(Q1中Soccer占20人)，看“How often do students play soccer?”的表格，Every day (4人) 、Three times a week (5人)、Once a week (1人) ，用喜欢足球的总人数20减去这几个次数的人数，即20 - 4 - 5 - 1 = 10，所以一周踢两次足球的学生有10人。故选C。 3．推理判断题。看Q3下面李轩和魏成的回答，都是在说喜欢踢足球的原因(make friends... 、helps me relax...)，C选项“你为什么喜欢踢足球？”符合语境，询问喜欢踢足球的原因。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据材料Wei Cheng部分“Playing soccer helps me relax after a day’s hard work.”可知，他觉得踢足球能让人放松，“Relaxing.”意为“令人放松的”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章围绕对学生最喜欢的体育活动(足球等)的调查展开，讲了运动项目受欢迎程度、踢足球的频率、喜欢足球的原因等，都是和运动锻炼相关。故选A。 Passage 5 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world. Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被子) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog (烟雾). Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is discharged (被排出), and they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air. We need to do many other things. We can put waste things into the dustbin (垃圾桶) and not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bike or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution. Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．What was life like hundreds of years ago? A．Harder than today. B．Easier than today. C．The same as today. 2．How many kinds of pollution are mentioned in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 3．What does the underlined word “thick” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Not clear. B．Very clean. C．Very thin. 4．When must factories clean their water? A．When it is discharged. B．Before it is discharged. C．After it is discharged. 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To describe how life was different in the past. B．To explain pollution and call for action. C．To compare different kinds of pollution. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了现代生活中的污染问题及其危害，并呼吁人们采取行动减少污染。 1．细节理解题。根据“Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today.”可知，数百年前，生活比今天艰难得多。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Water pollution…Noise pollution…Air pollution”可知，共提到三种污染。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被子) over a city.”可知，像被子一样覆盖城市，可推知，污染的空气非常浓密，“thick”意为“浓密的、不清晰的”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Factories must now clean their water before it is discharged”可知，净化时间是在排放前。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。全文通过描述污染问题及其危害，最后呼吁每个人参与治理污染，因此目的是解释污染并呼吁行动。故选B。 2 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04阅读理解（说明文） Passage 1 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）How many meals do you have every day? Do you know people in Europe have more meals a day? The first meal must be breakfast from seven to nine. They have bread, milk or porridge. Europeans (欧洲人) usually have lunch at around 1 p.m. Meat is the main food. They have chicken, beef, fish and vegetables. They also drink coffee when they enjoy meals. The next is the afternoon tea. It is from four to five. They would like to ask their best friends to sit in a dessert (甜品) shop. They drink tea and taste dessert. The last meal is dinner. Europeans could have dinner from half past seven to ten. For them, it is an important meal with the family. First, they have pancakes and warm soup. Then they have salad and meat. Later there are small cakes and fruit like apples, oranges and bananas. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By showing pictures. 2．When would Europeans be likely to have the afternoon tea? A．2:30 p.m. B．3:30 p.m. C．4:30 p.m. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Europeans have breakfast at 6:30 a.m. B．Europeans may have apples after dinner. C．Europeans like to have dinner with friends. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ 5．Where can we read the passage? A．A storybook. B．A poster. C．A food magazine. Passage 2 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）Have you ever seen this flower? The flower is really big. Its color is red. Look closely, and you can find that it has teeth. It is called Rafflesia. It is the world’s biggest flower. You can see it in a new documentary (纪录片), The Green Planet (行星). The documentary shows us the world of plants. To find different plants from the world, the film workers travelled from the rainforest to some snowy places. They also climbed mountains and walked into deserts. To find plants in the water, they even jumped into rivers. Those film workers travelled to twenty-seven countries and it took them about four years to finish the documentary. The documentary opens our eyes to the natural world, and it shares an important message with us—plants are really important in nature. They help us in many ways, such as making oxygen, cleaning the air and giving us fruit. They are our best friends. We shouldn’t hurt them. We need to protect them. Always remember, what we do in the next 20 years will decide the future of plants in the world. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing numbers. 2．What is Rafflesia? A．The name of a film. B．The name of a place. C．The name of a flower. 3．What do we know about the documentary? ①Its film workers jumped into rivers to find plants. ②Its film workers travelled to twenty-seven countries. ③It took the film workers about four years to finish it. ④It shows us the world of plants and animals. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ 4．What does the underlined word “They” refer (指) to? A．Plants. B．Film workers. C．Mountains. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．A Different Fruit B．A Big Forest C．A New Documentary Passage 3 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）①  The Nanning Blue Sky Rescue Team (BSRT) is a volunteer (志愿者) group. It not only helps people in danger but also gives classes in schools. ②  The BSRT started in 2015. It achieved in saving many people. In 2023, heavy rain made many people lose their homes. Luckily, the team arrived with boats and hope. They saved more than 87 people, including children and the old. In 2024, they saved 15 losing hikers in the mountains and gave medical help to 50 villagers after a strong wind. “We tried our best to help people escape from natural dangers.” says Li Wei, the leader of the team. ③  Now the BSRT has over 200 members and they always wear yellow uniforms. To be a member of BSRT is a great challenge. New members must pass strict tests. The members not only save people’s lives but also start safety classes in schools. They teach students life-saving and living skills. “Everyone should learn basic living skills. We especially hope children can learn how to save themselves from dangers while swimming.” says Li Wei. ④  Thanks to the BSRT and its great work, we can live safely. It is the guard (守卫) of our happiness and the yellow uniform has become a symbol of hope across Nanning. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．When did the Nanning Blue Sky Rescue Team (BSRT) start? A．In 2010. B．In 2015. C．In 2023. 2．What does the underlined word “escape” mean? A．改变 B．逃生 C．遇难 3．Why does BSRT start safety classes in schools? A．To teach students life-saving and living skills. B．To raise money for buying new tools and boats. C．To encourage young volunteers to be new members. 4．What is the structure of this passage? A．①/②③④ B．①②③/④ C．①/②③/④ 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce BSRT and its great work. B．To tell people not to swim without BSRT. C．To explain how to save people with BSRT. Passage 4 （2025七年级下·广西百色·期末）①Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise because it makes our mind smart and body strong. Regular (有规律的) exercise can help us do better in tests and schoolwork, too. ②Tom is an example for this. He likes playing football. Every Tuesday and Thursday after school, he plays football with his friends for 30 minutes. After a good game, he feels his body full of energy and it can help him study better. He finds that he can finish his homework very fast and get better grades in tests. So, exercise truly (真正地) makes Tom do well in his studies. ③There are lots of ways to exercise. We can take a walk, go for a run, swim in the water, or play ball games like basketball or football. But how should we exercise? Here are some easy tips. First, pick an exercise you truly like. If you enjoy it, you can keep doing it! Second, don’t overdo it. Exercising too much can be bad for you. It’s best (最好) to exercise twice a week, and 30 minutes each time is enough. Finally, try different kinds of sports. You might find one, two, or even three that are just right for you. ④So, start exercising today! 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．Why is exercise important in the passage? A．It only makes our body strong. B．It helps us make more friends. C．It makes our mind smart and body strong and helps with studies. 2．How often does Tom play football? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. 3．What are the tips for exercising in the passage? A．Choose an exercise you like, don’t overdo it and try different kinds. B．Choose an exercise you like and exercise as much as you can. C．Only play ball games and exercise once a week. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． 5．What is the main idea (主旨大意) of the text? A．To show us Tom’s daily life. B．To tell us different kinds of sports. C．To tell us the importance of exercise and the right ways to exercise. Passage 5 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）There are many lakes in China. Today, let’s learn something about them. Taihu LakeIt is a freshwater (淡水的) lake in Jiangsu. There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Taihu Lake to fish and enjoy fishing. It is really a good place for fishing. Qiandao LakeIt is a clear freshwater lake with beautiful hills and green forests. There are many kinds of fish in the lake. You can’t see some of them in other places in China. Yangcheng LakeIt is a freshwater lake between Taihu Lake and the Yangtze River. It is famous for Chinese mitten crabs (大闸蟹), a kind of popular food in China. Qinghai LakeIt is a saltwater lake in China. It’s on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It’s an important rest place for many kinds of birds. The best time to visit it is from June to September. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How many lakes does the writer talk about in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 2．If you are a fishing lover, which lake can you go to for the Fishing Festival? A．Taihu Lake. B．Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake. 3．What is Yangcheng Lake famous for? A．Fish. B．Birds. C．Chinese mitten crabs. 4．When is the best time to visit Qinghai Lake? A．January. B．August. C．May. 5．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Taihu Lake is a freshwater lake. B．There are many kinds of fish in Qiandao Lake. C．Qinghai Lake is far from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Passage 1 （2025七年级下·广西玉林·期末）Do you know huinantian, or ongoing wet weather? Huinantian is a special kind of weather in Southeast China in warm spring. It appears (出现) when the weather becomes warmer and warmer. Days before it comes, the weather is usually cold. After the cold air goes away, warm air quickly comes and gets cool. There is a lot of water in the air. So you can see small water drops on windows and walls. Ongoing wet weather makes it easy for bacteria (细菌) to grow. Food goes bad easily, clothes stay wet, and sofas can get wet. Things like TV sets and computers may break down when they get wet inside. It’s dangerous because you may get an electric shock (电击) when turning them on. Wet weather also makes people feel tired and even sick. People can catch a cold easily during this time, as the temperature changes fast. However, ongoing wet weather can be helpful too. Thanks to huinantian, plants can grow better with enough water and warmer air. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．When does huinantian usually appear? A．In cold winter. B．In warm spring. C．In hot summer. 2．Why are there small water drops on windows and walls during huinantian? A．Because it rains heavily all the time. B．Because people pour water on them. C．Because warm air gets cool and there is much water in the air. 3．What bad things can ongoing wet weather bring? A．Bacteria grow easily and things get wet or break down. B．People become stronger and healthier. C．All plants die because of too much water. 4．What may happen if you turn on a wet TV set? A．It will work better than before. B．You may get an electric shock. C．You will see your favourite TV shows. 5．Where can we probably (可能) read the passage? A．A storybook full of interesting stories. B．A science book about weather and nature. C．A cookbook teaching how to cook delicious food. Passage 2 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）When we go to other countries, sometimes the language can be a problem. Luckily, hand gestures (手势) can help us. However, the same hand gestures have different meanings in different countries. The “OK” gestureIn America, the “OK” gesture simply means okay. In Japan, it means money. In Brazil, it is a rude (粗鲁的) gesture. The “V” gestureIn America, the “V” gesture means peace (和平). It also means victory. In Japan and the Republic of Korea, people use it to show their cute faces when they take pictures. However, in England, things are different. When people use the same gesture but with the back of the hand facing outwards (向外), it isn’t polite. It is an insult (侮辱). The “Thumbs-up” gestureIn America, the “Thumbs-up” gesture means good. People also use it when they want to hitchhike (搭便车). But in some other countries, such as Iraq (伊拉克) and Iran (伊朗), it is an insult. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．According to the passage, what may be a problem when we are in other countries? A．Health. B．Languages. C．Life. 2．What does the “OK” gesture mean in Japan? A．Money. B．Peace. C．Good. 3．Where does the “V” gesture mean victory? A．In China. B．In Brazil. C．In America. 4．When people use “Thumbs-up” gesture in Iraq, what will Iraqis (伊拉克人) feel? A．Comfortable. B．Unhappy. C．Tired. 5．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．History. B．Food. C．Culture. Passage 3 （2025七年级下·广西河池·期末）① Animals are important to us and they are our friends. But some of them are in great danger now. What can we do to help save them? ② Don’t eat wild (野生的) animals’ meat. Some of us like to eat meat. But some meat may come from endangered (濒危的) animals. To save animals, don’t eat their meat. ③ Don’t wear clothes made of fur. Sometimes people kill animals for their fur. If we don’t buy clothes made of fur, people will not kill animals. ④ Please give away (捐赠) money to Animal Helpers. The group does everything to help save animals. But it often needs money. So save some money and give it away to the group to help animals. ⑤ Tell people that it’s important to save animals. Not all people know animals are our friends and that we must save them. So why not tell people around us that it’s important to save animals? ⑥ Do you have any other good ways to help save animals? Write to tell us. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How many ways are there to save animals in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 2．What can you do to help save animals if you have much money? A．Buy some endangered animals. B．Buy clothes made of fur. C．Give away some money. 3．What can’t we know from the passage? A．Animal Helpers can help save animals. B．Some animals are not friendly to people. C．Some animals are in great danger now. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②③④⑤/⑥ 5．Which one is the best title for the passage? A．How to Help Save Animals B．What to Do for Animal Helpers C．Where to Find Many Animals Passage 4 （2025七年级下·广西贺州·期末）My friend and I asked 100 students from our school. We asked them some questions about their favourite sports activities. Here are the results. Q 1: What sports do you like best? How often do students play soccer? Every day Three times a week Twice a week Once a week 4 5 ? 1 Q 2: When do you usually play soccer? Q 3:_______________________ I can make friends and learn to work with others when I play soccer. It’s enjoyable. Playing soccer helps me relax after a day’s hard work. And It’s good for my health. 根据以上内容，给下列问题选择最佳选项，并将其字母标号在答题卡上涂黑。 1．What sport is the most popular according to Q 1? A．Basketball. B．Soccer. C．Running. 2．How many students play soccer twice a week? A．4. B．5. C．10. 3．Which of the following is the third question? A．How do you keep fit? B．Where do you play soccer? C．Why do you like playing soccer? 4．What does Wei Cheng think of playing soccer? A．Enjoyable. B．Relaxing. C．Interesting. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Exercise. B．People. C．Travel. Passage 5 （2025七年级下·广西南宁·期末）Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world. Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被子) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog (烟雾). Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is discharged (被排出), and they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air. We need to do many other things. We can put waste things into the dustbin (垃圾桶) and not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bike or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution. Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．What was life like hundreds of years ago? A．Harder than today. B．Easier than today. C．The same as today. 2．How many kinds of pollution are mentioned in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 3．What does the underlined word “thick” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Not clear. B．Very clean. C．Very thin. 4．When must factories clean their water? A．When it is discharged. B．Before it is discharged. C．After it is discharged. 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To describe how life was different in the past. B．To explain pollution and call for action. C．To compare different kinds of pollution. 2 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $而学科网 Passage 1 1.B 2.C 3.B Passage 2 1.B 2.C 3.A Passage 3 1.B 2.B 3.A Passage 4 1.C 2.B 3.A Passage 5 1.B 2.A 3.C Passage 1 1.B 2.C 3.A Passage 2 1.B 2.A 3.C Passage 3 1.B2.C 3.B Passage 4 1.A 2.C 3.C www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（说明文） 参考答案 基础 必练 4.C5.C 4.A5.C 4.C5.A 4.A 5.C 4.B 5.C 进阶 提升 4.B5.B 4.B5.C 4.B5.A 4.B5.A 1 Passage 5 1.A2.C3.A4.B5.B