Unit 6 Crossing Cultures重难清单+强化训练（人教版）2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末单元复习重难清单+强化训练

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(人教版2024) Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化练习 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 shake (v.) 摇动，握手 bow (v.) 鞠躬 bump (v.) 碰撞，轻触（如碰拳） rub (v.) 摩擦，揉 kiss (v.) 亲吻 hug (v.) 拥抱 greet (v.) 问候，打招呼 offer (v.) 主动提供 press (v.) 按，压 avoid (v.) 避免 confuse (v.) 使困惑 embarrass (v.) 使尴尬 surprise (v.) 使惊讶 impress (v.) 留下印象 explain (v.) 解释 formal (adj.) 正式的 rude (adj.) 粗鲁的，无礼的 polite (adj.) 有礼貌的 proper (adj.) 合适的，恰当的 patient (adj.) 耐心的 核心短语 shake hands (握手) kiss cheeks (亲吻脸颊) bump fists (碰拳) rub noses (碰鼻) press one's palms together (合十) say hello (打招呼) wait for (等待) start eating (开始吃) sit up straight (坐直) keep ... off (把……移开) stand up (站起来) reach for (伸手去够) pass ... to (把……传递给) use ... to (用……来做) take ... from (从……拿取) be common to (对……来说是常见的) be rude to (对……是粗鲁的) be polite to (对……是有礼貌的) be proper to (对……是合适的) be confusing to (对……是令人困惑的) be embarrassing to (对……是令人尴尬的) be surprising to (对……是令人惊讶的) be excited about (对……感到兴奋) be interested in (对……感兴趣) be curious about (对……好奇) 核心句型 How do we communicate with people from different cultures? (我们如何与来自不同文化的人交流？) What Chinese cultural elements can you see in the photo? (你在照片中能看到什么中国文化的元素？) Do you think the girl in the photo likes to learn about Chinese culture? (你觉得照片里的女孩喜欢了解中国文化吗？) We usually ... to say hello. (我们通常……来打招呼。) We don't / never ... because it's too formal / not formal enough. (我们不……因为那太正式了/不够正式。) It is usually OK to be late / early when visiting friends. (拜访朋友时迟到/早到通常是没关系的。) People will usually offer you some tea / fruit when you visit them. (当你拜访他们时，人们通常会主动提供给你一些茶/水果。) It is rude / polite to give or take things with your left hand. (用左手给或拿东西是不礼貌的/有礼貌的。) Dishes with beef are common / uncommon. (有牛肉的菜肴是常见的/不常见的。) In India, people have a special ... They press their palms together, ..., and say, “Namaste.” (在印度，人们有一种特别的……他们合十，……，并说“Namaste”。) People in India use their ... hand to eat. They seldom eat with a ... and fork. (印度人用他们的……手吃饭。他们很少用……和叉子吃饭。) People often eat ... curry. It's popular in India. (人们经常吃……咖喱。它在印度很受欢迎。) In India, ... are very special to many people. They can ... anywhere they like. (在印度，……对很多人来说很特别。他们可以随心所欲地……。) I'm having dinner at my friend's house tonight. (我今晚要去朋友家吃晚饭。) But English table manners are so confusing that I'm a little worried. (但是英国的餐桌礼仪太令人困惑了，以至于我有点担心。) Ask me anything! (随便问我！) Bring a small gift, but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. (带一份小礼物，但除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。) And remember to wait for the host to start before you eat. (记得要等主人先开始吃你再吃。) Just hold the knife in your right hand, and the fork in your left. (只要把刀握在右手里，叉子握在左手里。) If you get confused, watch what everyone else does. (如果你感到困惑，看看其他人都在做什么。) 语法要点 本单元的语法重点是状语从句，用来表示结果、条件和时间。 so ... that ... (如此……以至于……)：用来引导结果状语从句。 例句：The question is so difficult that I can't answer it. (这个问题如此难以至于我回答不出来。) unless (除非)：用来引导条件状语从句，相当于 "if not"。 例句：You will fail the exam unless you study hard. (除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。) as soon as (一……就……)：用来引导时间状语从句。 例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive home. (我一到家就会给你打电话。) 阅读/写作必备表达 cultural differences (文化差异) table manners (餐桌礼仪) good manners (良好的礼仪) bad manners (不良的礼仪) make some friends (交一些朋友) have some embarrassing experiences (有一些尴尬的经历) share some tips with you (和你分享一些建议) arrive early (早到) be on time (准时) a few minutes late (晚几分钟) bring a gift (带一份礼物) chocolates or flowers (巧克力或鲜花) dress for the occasion (穿着得体) safe conversation topics (安全的聊天话题) personal questions (私人问题) develop closer relationships (建立更亲密的关系) make sure (确保) use ... whenever you can (尽可能使用……) goes a long way (大有帮助) see what I mean (明白我的意思) 写作范文 （主题： 假如你是Yaming，请根据3c部分的提示，给Tina写一封回信，为她去上海赵家做客提供建议。） Dear Tina, I'm so happy to hear from you! I know you're nervous about visiting the Zhao's, but don't worry. I'd be glad to give you some advice on Chinese customs. First, about the gift. It's a good idea to bring something, but unless it's a special occasion like a birthday, you don't need to bring food. A small gift like fruit, tea, or flowers is perfect. Second, let me tell you about table manners. It's important to wait for the older people to start eating first. Also, keep your elbows off the table. If the dish you want is far away, don't stand up to reach for it. Just ask someone to pass it to you. And remember to use the serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from shared dishes. Third, for conversation topics, talking about food, travel, or culture is safe. But try to avoid asking personal questions like age or salary unless you know them very well. I hope these tips help! I'm sure you'll have a great time. As soon as you get used to it, you'll feel more comfortable. Best wishes, Yaming ◇Part 02 单元综合强化练习 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures单元复习强化卷（人教版2024） 一、单项选择 1．We are discussing ________ we should hold the class meeting tomorrow. A．since B．although C．until D．whether 2．Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can’t talk in front of the class. A．such, that B．too, to C．so, that D．enough, to 3．Whenever I feel upset, I prefer ________ around the lake ________ myself up. A．to cycle; to cheering B．cycling; to cheering C．to cycle; to cheer D．cycling; cheer 4．The teacher told the students that it was not ________ to copy homework from others. A．rude B．private C．false D．proper 5．________ you promise to bring my MP3 player back by Saturday, I won’t lend it to you. A．Unless B．If C．But D．When 6．—I don’t know which dress is ________ for the party. —How about the red one? It looks very nice. A．cheap B．proper C．bright D．small 7．— The weather in Kunming is ________ beautiful ________ many tourists like to visit it every year. — Yes, it’s really a good place to travel. A．such; that B．so; that C．such; as D．so; as 8．Maria practiced her speech many times so that she could pronounce every word ________ in front of the whole class. A．nervously B．correctly C．carefully D．politely 9．In India, people often eat ________ their right hand instead of using a knife and fork. A．by B．on C．with D．for 10．You don’t need to wear a tie to the party. It’s a ________ event, so just wear jeans and a T-shirt. A．formal B．serious C．casual D．strict 11．In some cultures, people ________ each other on the cheek when they meet. A．hug B．shake C．kiss D．touch 12．When you find ________ in a new cultural environment, asking for help will make ________ easier to fit in. A．you；it B．yourself；it C．you；it’s D．yourself；itself 13．—________ do we greet people in China politely? —We usually shake hands or nod our heads. A．What B．Why C．How D．When 14．The cultural exchange activities ________us with a good chance to learn from others. A．provide B．offer C．give D．supply 15．The students were ________ excited about the school trip that they couldn’t sleep. A．so B．such C．very D．too 16．The famous Chinese story “A promise is worth a thousand pieces of gold” tells us ________. A．we should speak carefully B．how to make a promise C．we should keep our word D．where can we find gold 17．—Mr Brown, I’m sorry I didn’t hand in my homework on time.                                 —It doesn’t matter. But you should ______ the missing work as soon as possible. A．make up B．show up C．wake up D．take up 18．You ________ ask for permission before taking photos of local people in some places. A．can B．should C．may D．will 19．Many visitors to China ________ using chopsticks after staying here for a few weeks. A．get used to B．look forward to C．pay attention to D．take care of 20．—________ you please tell me how to greet people in France? —Sure. You ________ kiss them on the cheek. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 21．—Mike, it’s not ________ to talk with your mouth full of food.         —Sorry, Mom. I won’t do it again. A．proper B．standard C．natural D．normal 22．—Did you hear that Lisa won first prize in the singing competition?        —Really? That’s so ________! I never thought she could sing so well. A．fascinating B．surprising C．embarrassing D．confusing 23．I feel really ________ about greeting traditions because different countries have different rules. A．excited B．surprised C．confused D．bored 24．The little girl sang so ________ at the school show that all the students cheered for her. A．clearly B．loudly C．beautifully D．heavily 25．—Where is your report about Western etiquette? —I ________ it to your office ________ you were having the meeting this morning. A．brought; when B．took; if C．have brought; because D．have taken; before 二、完形填空 A Alex was excited to visit his cousin Lucas in Brazil. He had never been to South America before, 26 he couldn’t wait to walk around the colourful streets and try the delicious food. But his mum 27 him, “Every country has its own way of doing things. When in Rome, do as the Romans do!” The first day, Lucas took Alex to a local festival. The streets were 28 with music, dancing and lots of people. Lucas introduced Alex to his friends, and each time, Alex tried to give 29 a usual handshake. However, Lucas kept saying. “No, no. Alex! You have to do the Brazilian handshake!” Lucas showed Alex a special handshake. First, they did a high-five which is 30 by a shoulder bump (碰撞). After that, they crossed their arms and spun (旋转) around, and then they turned back to shake each other’s hand. Alex got so 31 that he hit Lucas in the nose. “Ouch!” Lucas shouted, laughing. “That’s not how you do it!” Alex’s face turned red, but he laughed too, “I guess I need more 32 !” Alex tried to follow many more times, but he 33 going wrong. Every time he tried, he ended up 34 Lucas in the face or making a funny noise. Even though Alex kept making mistakes, everyone thought it was 35 . They all tried to 36 him the Brazilian handshake, and soon, the whole group was laughing and messing up (嬉闹) together. Alex realized that sometimes, making mistakes can be the 37 part of learning. By the end of the day, Alex finally got it 38 after trying the handshake so many times. He felt 39 of himself and grateful for the fun time with his cousin and new friends. He learned that being open to new things and having a 40 of humour can make any trip amazing. 26．A．and B．but C．since D．unless 27．A．shouted B．warned C．refused D．invited 28．A．filled B．covered C．decorated D．connected 29．A．me B．us C．him D．them 30．A．cleared B．started C．followed D．moved 31．A．sad B．excited C．confused D．surprised 32．A．knowledge B．business C．practice D．information 33．A．minded B．avoided C．enjoyed D．kept 34．A．hiding B．hitting C．missing D．breaking 35．A．tiring B．amazing C．boring D．interesting 36．A．teach B．send C．offer D．leave 37．A．safest B．wisest C．simplest D．tiniest 38．A．fast B．lost C．past D．right 39．A．tired B．proud C．afraid D．strange 40．A．supply B．risk C．sense D．type B My name is Ahmed. I’m from Egypt. Last year, I had the chance to study in Canada for six months. It was my first time 41 a Western country, and I learned many valuable lessons about cultural differences. Before I left, my mother gave me some 42 : “Always be polite and respect others, even if things seem strange to you.” I kept her words in my heart. When I arrived in Toronto, everything felt so 43 . The weather was much colder than Cairo. People dressed differently and spoke English so fast. At first, I felt 44 and missed my family terribly. The biggest challenge was the 45 . In Egypt, we eat with our hands or use bread to pick up food. Using a knife and fork was very difficult for me. I made a mess several times and felt 46 . But my host family was very patient. They encouraged me and even 47 me how to use them properly. Another interesting thing was 48 . In Canada, people often say “sorry” and “thank you” many times a day. They also hold doors open for strangers. In Egypt, we are also polite, but in different ways. I learned that 49 cultures have different ways of showing respect. By the end of my stay, I felt much more comfortable. I made good friends and even learned to love poutine, a Canadian dish! This experience taught me that although we come from different 50 , we share the same human feelings. I hope to visit more countries in the future. 41．A．visiting B．leaving C．missing D．building 42．A．stories B．questions C．advice D．problems 43．A．wonderful B．familiar C．strange D．exciting 44．A．happy B．excited C．lonely D．relaxed 45．A．language B．transportation C．weather D．food 46．A．proud B．embarrassed C．confident D．surprised 47．A．asked B．told C．taught D．showed 48．A．politeness B．rudeness C．sadness D．happiness 49．A．similar B．different C．same D．easy 50．A．countries B．cities C．schools D．families 三、阅读理解 A Chopsticks have been used in Asia for over 3,000 years. The earliest chopsticks were discovered in Henan, China about 1200 BCE. Over the next 2,000 years, they spread throughout East and Southeast Asia. The three most well-known types are Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. Chinese chopsticks are longer with wide, rounded points at the end, mostly made of plastic or bamboo. While Japanese chopsticks are shorter and more pointed. Korean ones are flat rather than round and made of metal rather than wood. It’s said that ancient Royalty (皇室) used silver chopsticks to see if their food was poisoned (有毒的). In Southeast Asia, Vietnamese chopsticks are similar to Chinese ones. Chopsticks are not just eating tools. A proper chopstick grip (握法) can greatly improve dining experience. First, place the top part of two sticks between your thumb and index finger. Hold the upper chopstick gently with your first three fingers while resting the lower one at your ring finger. Meanwhile, put your thumb at the side of your index-finger nail. The upper stick is moved up and down with the movements of the index finger and middle finger. This way, pieces of food can be easily grasped between the tips of the chopsticks. ________ The first rule is to grab and not stab (刺入) food with the tip of your chopsticks. Second, don’t set chopsticks vertically (垂直的) into the rice in your bowl. In some cultures, such positioning of chopsticks is considered as a symbol associated with death. Third, watch where you point your chopsticks. It’s rude to point them directly at others. Following the guidelines above, you not only show respect for the cultural traditions about chopsticks, but also enrich your overall dining experience. 51．We can learn about the ________ of chopsticks in Paragraph 2. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ features discovery materials types sales A．①②③ B．③④⑤ C．①③④ D．①②⑤ 52．How many rules about using chopsticks rightly are there in Paragraph 4? A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five 53．Which of the following pictures describes the proper chopstick grip? A． B． C． D． 54．Which sentence can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 4? A．It’s not easy for you to get the use of chopsticks. B．Understanding chopstick manners is also necessary. C．Remember to choose suitable chopsticks for meals. D．Chopsticks play an important role at Chinese table. 55．What is the best title of the passage? A．The spread of Chinese culture B．Chopsticks, Treasure of Asian culture C．Chopsticks,ancient eating tools D．The table manners in Asia. B My Cross-Cultural Experience in Japan Last summer, I went to Japan with my parents. It was my first time to visit a foreign country, and it was an unforgettable cross-cultural experience that taught me a lot. Before we went to Japan, my parents and I learned some basic Japanese words and customs. We knew that Japanese people are very polite and pay much attention to manners. For example, they bow to greet each other, and they don’t talk loudly in public places. We also learned that it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into rice, which is a special custom in Japan. When we arrived in Tokyo, the capital of Japan, we were deeply impressed by the clean streets and friendly people. A Japanese guide helped us visit many famous places. He told us about Japanese culture, such as tea ceremony and cherry blossoms. We also tried Japanese food, like sushi and ramen. It was very delicious, and we learned how to eat it politely. During our trip, we met a Japanese family. They invited us to their home for dinner. The hostess prepared a lot of traditional Japanese food, and she taught us how to bow and use chopsticks correctly. We talked about our cultures and shared our life stories. I told them about Chinese Spring Festival and dumplings, and they were very interested in it. This experience made me realize that although there are many differences between Chinese and Japanese cultures, we can still understand each other and become friends. After we came back from Japan, I started to learn more about Japanese culture. I also told my classmates about my experience and encouraged them to learn about foreign cultures. I think cross-cultural communication is very important. It helps us broaden our horizons and make more friends. It also teaches us to respect different cultures and live in harmony with people from all over the world. 56．What did the writer do before going to Japan? A．He learned some basic Japanese words and customs. B．He visited many famous places in Japan. C．He tried Japanese food. D．He met a Japanese family. 57．What is the special custom in Japan mentioned in the passage? A．Bowing to greet each other. B．Not talking loudly in public. C．Not sticking chopsticks into rice. D．Eating sushi and ramen. 58．Who helped the writer visit famous places in Tokyo? A．His parents. B．A Japanese guide. C．A Japanese family. D．His classmates. 59．What did the writer learn from his cross-cultural experience in Japan? A．Japanese culture is better than Chinese culture. B．Cross-cultural communication is important and helps us make friends. C．We don’t need to respect foreign cultures. D．It’s difficult to communicate with people from different countries. 60．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The writer’s trip to Tokyo, Japan. B．The differences between Chinese and Japanese cultures. C．The writer’s cross-cultural experience in Japan and what he learned from it. D．The importance of learning Japanese. C Good manners are very important in our daily life. They show one’s personal quality and respect for others. For eighth-grade students, learning good manners is as important as learning school subjects. Good manners can help us make more friends, keep good relationships with others and make our social life easier. Firstly, we should have polite manners in school. We should greet teachers politely when we meet them. We must listen carefully in class and never interrupt others when they are speaking. We should be friendly to classmates, help each other and never laugh at students who are in trouble. Keeping the classroom clean and quiet is also a basic school manner. Secondly, we need good manners in public places. When we wait for the bus or in a shop, we should stand in line and never push others. We should speak in a low voice in libraries, cinemas and hospitals so that we won’t disturb others. We must never spit everywhere or throw rubbish casually. It’s also polite to give seats to the old, the disabled and pregnant women on buses and subways. Thirdly, we should have good family manners. At home, we should respect our parents and elders. We can help parents do some housework in our free time. When we have dinner with family, we should wait for elders to sit down first before we eat. We should not make loud noise while eating. Good manners are not formed in a short time. We need to keep good behavior every day. Small polite words and simple actions can bring warmth to others. A person with good manners is always popular everywhere. Let’s develop good manners from small things in our daily life. 61．What do good manners show? A．One’s wealth. B．One’s personal quality. C．One’s study grades. D．One’s hobby. 62．What should we do when we meet teachers? A．Walk away quickly. B．Greet them politely. C．Keep silent. D．Talk loudly with classmates. 63．Which is a good public manner? A．Push others while waiting. B．Speak loudly in the library. C．Stand in line patiently. D．Throw rubbish on the ground. 64．What is a good family manner? A．Eat before elders sit down. B．Refuse to do housework. C．Respect parents and elders. D．Make noise at dinner. 65．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Importance of Good Manners B．How to Make Friends at School C．Manners in Public Places D．School Life of Middle School Students D Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always greet others like this? In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago. There were several kinds of greeting etiquette in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) was a quite common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people in the western Zhou Dynasty. In ancient (古代的) times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready to hold something used for fighting. Holding out both hands could make people feel relaxed. When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that people considered (认为) the left as the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it back as well. In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold-fist salute, or baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made a fist, while the left hand is to cover the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different. Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students. So, don’t make a mistake. 66．What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Need. B．Manners. C．Time. D．Groups. 67．Which picture shows the correct way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute? A． B． C． D． 68．If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ________. A．keep his right hand open B．cover the right fist with his left hand C．use his left hand to hold the right one D．put his right hand on the top 69．What can we learn from the passage? A．There are no standards (标准) for these two salutes. B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. E ① What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. ② Alphorns (阿尔卑斯号角) were used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland once. They are very long and they are very heavy too. So, alphorns are hard to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen (牧人) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. Alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. These days, they’re musical instruments. ③ The people of La Gomera, an island, have their own special way of sending messages from one mountain to another. They use a whistled (口哨的) language called El Silbo Gomero which comes from their language, Spanish. People can hear whistling in up to 5 kilometres, which means they can use it across much greater distances than shouting. El Silbo Gomero can send all kinds of messages, including greetings and notices. People use El Silbo Gomero less than it used to be, but students in La Gomera have to learn it. ④ Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers (士兵) along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a sign. If they noticed something uncommon from their signal (信号) towers, they set a fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they set fires too. In this way, messages could travel 300 miles in just a few hours. 70．What do people use alphorns for today? A．Communicating in the mountains. B．Calling cows for milking. C．Sending messages down to villagers. D．Playing a kind of music. 71．Why do the people of La Gomera use El Silbo Gomero to communicate? A．Because it can send messages to animals. B．Because it is different from their language. C．Because they can hear it at a great distance. D．Because it is a subject for young students. 72．How did soldiers along the Great Wall get messages between towers? A．By listening. B．By whistling. C．By shouting. D．By watching. 73．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． F Going to visit your neighbor is fun. You will be good friends after you spend time together. 74 When to get to your neighbor’s home When a neighbor invites you , you need to get to his or her home on time . If he or she asks you to come at 3:00, you should get there before 3:05. 75 What to take 76 Presents like a box of chocolate or a CD are good , because you can share them. A little present is a way to show your neighbors that you are happy to be with them. How to say hello When you visit a neighbor , you may also meet his or her father and mother . You should take them who you are and they may tell you their names 77 It will show that you respect them. Another way to show respect is to call them madam or sir. It is a cool thing to visit a neighbor’s house. Be nice to your neighbor and your neighbor’s parents, 78 A．Please use Mr. or Mrs. to call them. B．So please be a good visitor. C．We should say “Hello” to our neighbors . D．But usually it’s a good idea to get there at the right time. E．and then you will be welcomed again. F．and then you won’t be welcomed again. G．Often it’s nice to take something to your neighbor’s house. 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 No matter where you go, no matter what you do, when you are in public places, following the rules of good manners is a must. How should we behave in public places? Here is some advice. Keep your voice down Don’t speak or laugh loudly. Remember that although you may be excited and want to voice your excitement, the people around you may not be interested in it at all. It’s polite to speak in a low voice. This includes laughing as well. Dress properly Dress in a way that is appropriate for the place that you are going to. If you are going to an event where people dress in a formal way, do the same. Do not wear blue jeans or a T-shirt to a dinner party. Follow table manners In Western countries, it’s not polite to pick up food with your hands. You should use a fork or a spoon. When you are in China, you shouldn’t start eating first if there are older people at the table. Using your phone while having a meal is also bad behavior. Protect public property (财产) Public facilities (设施) such as chairs, garbage cans, and public artworks are for everyone’s use and enjoyment. We should not damage them, for example, by carving on chairs or throwing garbage about. Taking good care of public property ensures that they can serve people for a long time. 79．Why should we keep our voice down in public places? 80．What shouldn’t we wear when going to a dinner party according to the passage? 81．What is impolite in Western countries according to the passage? 82．What should we do with public facilities? 83．In your opinion, what other rules should we follow in public places? Give an example. 五、短文填空 The United Kingdom is known for its rich culture and special manners. Understanding these can help you get on 84 (good) with British people. When meeting someone for the 85 (one) time, it’s common to shake hands. But hugs or kisses are usually only for close friends or family 86 (member). Also, eye contact is important, but don’t watch too long, because it might make others feel 87 (comfortable). The British love small talk. The weather is always 88 safe topic. They also enjoy talking about their hobbies, such as gardening or 89 (read). However, it’s not a good idea to ask about age, salary 90 politics. This is impolite. If you’re invited to a party or a meeting, it’s better 91 (arrive) on time. Being a few minutes late is acceptable, but being too late is rude. When visiting a British home, it’s polite to bring a small gift. If you’re offered food or a drink, it’s polite to accept 92 least a little. And remember to say “please” and “thank you” often. At the dinner table, the 93 (old) person often takes the main seat first. Remember to use your knife and fork properly. Don’t forget 94 (say) “please” and “thank you”. It’s also polite to keep your mouth 95 (close) while eating. In public, they always wait 96 buses in line. Pushing in line is not allowed. And if you cough or sneeze, cover your mouth 97 say “excuse me”. In a word, British manners show their respect and politeness. By 98 (follow) these rules, you’ll surely have fun in the UK. 六、选词填空 从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使句子通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。 greet, custom, polite, country, instead, behave, visit, different, but, stay Last year, I went to 99 my cousin in South Korea. I was excited but also worried about the 100 between China and South Korea. On the first day, when I met my cousin’s family, they 101 me with a deep bow（鞠躬）. I didn’t know what to do at first, so I just stood there. Then my cousin told me that bowing is a 102 way to greet people there. Later, I learned that in South Korea, people also pay attention to how 103 at the table. For example, you shouldn’t start eating before the elders. And you shouldn’t talk loudly while eating. One day, we went to a park. I met a local girl. She was very friendly and wanted to make friends with me. She tried to hug me, 104 I remembered that in South Korea, people usually don’t hug strangers. So I bowed to her 105 . She smiled and said I was welcome. I 106 there for a month. During that time, I learned many 107 . I realized that understanding other cultures can help us get on well with people from other 108 七、完成句子 109．在皮影戏表演期间，我们坐得笔直。 During the shadow puppet play, we ________ ________ straight. 110．你能否做好取决于你的学习习惯。 ________ or not you can do this well ________ ________ your learning habits. 111．赵先生和赵太太都四十多岁了，他们有一个比我小的儿子。 Mr and Mrs Zhao are both ________ ________ ________, and they have a son who is younger than me. 112．英语能对你未来的学习有很大帮助。 English can help you ________ ________ ________ ________ in your future studies. 113．他非常兴奋，因为上周他得到了朋友的消息。 He was so excited because he ________ ________ his friend last week. 114．对我们来说，避免跨文化交流中的错误是很有必要的。 It’s necessary for us to ________ ________ in cross-cultural communication. 115．那样会给人留下我很粗鲁的错误印象。 It could give people the ________ ________ ________ I’m a rude person. 116．拜访朋友时迟到是可以的。 It is usually OK to ________ ________ when ________ ________. 117．她甜美的微笑给我留下了好印象。 Her sweet smile ________ ________ ________ ________ on me. 118．你会牙痛，除非你每天刷牙。 ___________ you brush your teeth every day, you ___________ ___________ a toothache. 八、书面表达 如今，阅读好书已在校园蔚然成风。一本佳作不仅能增长学识，更能教会我们涵养美德、懂得礼仪。校英文报现面向全体同学征集心得感悟，欢迎大家踊跃分享自己的想法与收获。请你以“A Good Read Teaches Me Good Manners”为题，写一篇英语短文投稿。 要点如下： 1．介绍自己最喜欢的一本好书； 2．写出这本书教会你的2-3种良好礼仪； 3．谈谈自己今后会怎样践行这些礼仪。 注意事项： 1．写作包括所有要点，可以适当发挥； 2．语句通顺，意思连贯，段落分明，书写工整； 3．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息； 4．词数在100词左右。 A Good Read Teaches Me Good Manners ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(人教版2024) Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化练习 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 shake (v.) 摇动，握手 bow (v.) 鞠躬 bump (v.) 碰撞，轻触（如碰拳） rub (v.) 摩擦，揉 kiss (v.) 亲吻 hug (v.) 拥抱 greet (v.) 问候，打招呼 offer (v.) 主动提供 press (v.) 按，压 avoid (v.) 避免 confuse (v.) 使困惑 embarrass (v.) 使尴尬 surprise (v.) 使惊讶 impress (v.) 留下印象 explain (v.) 解释 formal (adj.) 正式的 rude (adj.) 粗鲁的，无礼的 polite (adj.) 有礼貌的 proper (adj.) 合适的，恰当的 patient (adj.) 耐心的 核心短语 shake hands (握手) kiss cheeks (亲吻脸颊) bump fists (碰拳) rub noses (碰鼻) press one's palms together (合十) say hello (打招呼) wait for (等待) start eating (开始吃) sit up straight (坐直) keep ... off (把……移开) stand up (站起来) reach for (伸手去够) pass ... to (把……传递给) use ... to (用……来做) take ... from (从……拿取) be common to (对……来说是常见的) be rude to (对……是粗鲁的) be polite to (对……是有礼貌的) be proper to (对……是合适的) be confusing to (对……是令人困惑的) be embarrassing to (对……是令人尴尬的) be surprising to (对……是令人惊讶的) be excited about (对……感到兴奋) be interested in (对……感兴趣) be curious about (对……好奇) 核心句型 How do we communicate with people from different cultures? (我们如何与来自不同文化的人交流？) What Chinese cultural elements can you see in the photo? (你在照片中能看到什么中国文化的元素？) Do you think the girl in the photo likes to learn about Chinese culture? (你觉得照片里的女孩喜欢了解中国文化吗？) We usually ... to say hello. (我们通常……来打招呼。) We don't / never ... because it's too formal / not formal enough. (我们不……因为那太正式了/不够正式。) It is usually OK to be late / early when visiting friends. (拜访朋友时迟到/早到通常是没关系的。) People will usually offer you some tea / fruit when you visit them. (当你拜访他们时，人们通常会主动提供给你一些茶/水果。) It is rude / polite to give or take things with your left hand. (用左手给或拿东西是不礼貌的/有礼貌的。) Dishes with beef are common / uncommon. (有牛肉的菜肴是常见的/不常见的。) In India, people have a special ... They press their palms together, ..., and say, “Namaste.” (在印度，人们有一种特别的……他们合十，……，并说“Namaste”。) People in India use their ... hand to eat. They seldom eat with a ... and fork. (印度人用他们的……手吃饭。他们很少用……和叉子吃饭。) People often eat ... curry. It's popular in India. (人们经常吃……咖喱。它在印度很受欢迎。) In India, ... are very special to many people. They can ... anywhere they like. (在印度，……对很多人来说很特别。他们可以随心所欲地……。) I'm having dinner at my friend's house tonight. (我今晚要去朋友家吃晚饭。) But English table manners are so confusing that I'm a little worried. (但是英国的餐桌礼仪太令人困惑了，以至于我有点担心。) Ask me anything! (随便问我！) Bring a small gift, but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. (带一份小礼物，但除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。) And remember to wait for the host to start before you eat. (记得要等主人先开始吃你再吃。) Just hold the knife in your right hand, and the fork in your left. (只要把刀握在右手里，叉子握在左手里。) If you get confused, watch what everyone else does. (如果你感到困惑，看看其他人都在做什么。) 语法要点 本单元的语法重点是状语从句，用来表示结果、条件和时间。 so ... that ... (如此……以至于……)：用来引导结果状语从句。 例句：The question is so difficult that I can't answer it. (这个问题如此难以至于我回答不出来。) unless (除非)：用来引导条件状语从句，相当于 "if not"。 例句：You will fail the exam unless you study hard. (除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。) as soon as (一……就……)：用来引导时间状语从句。 例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive home. (我一到家就会给你打电话。) 阅读/写作必备表达 cultural differences (文化差异) table manners (餐桌礼仪) good manners (良好的礼仪) bad manners (不良的礼仪) make some friends (交一些朋友) have some embarrassing experiences (有一些尴尬的经历) share some tips with you (和你分享一些建议) arrive early (早到) be on time (准时) a few minutes late (晚几分钟) bring a gift (带一份礼物) chocolates or flowers (巧克力或鲜花) dress for the occasion (穿着得体) safe conversation topics (安全的聊天话题) personal questions (私人问题) develop closer relationships (建立更亲密的关系) make sure (确保) use ... whenever you can (尽可能使用……) goes a long way (大有帮助) see what I mean (明白我的意思) 写作范文 （主题： 假如你是Yaming，请根据3c部分的提示，给Tina写一封回信，为她去上海赵家做客提供建议。） Dear Tina, I'm so happy to hear from you! I know you're nervous about visiting the Zhao's, but don't worry. I'd be glad to give you some advice on Chinese customs. First, about the gift. It's a good idea to bring something, but unless it's a special occasion like a birthday, you don't need to bring food. A small gift like fruit, tea, or flowers is perfect. Second, let me tell you about table manners. It's important to wait for the older people to start eating first. Also, keep your elbows off the table. If the dish you want is far away, don't stand up to reach for it. Just ask someone to pass it to you. And remember to use the serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from shared dishes. Third, for conversation topics, talking about food, travel, or culture is safe. But try to avoid asking personal questions like age or salary unless you know them very well. I hope these tips help! I'm sure you'll have a great time. As soon as you get used to it, you'll feel more comfortable. Best wishes, Yaming ◇Part 02 单元综合强化练习 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures单元复习强化卷（人教版2024） 一、单项选择 1．We are discussing ________ we should hold the class meeting tomorrow. A．since B．although C．until D．whether 2．Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can’t talk in front of the class. A．such, that B．too, to C．so, that D．enough, to 3．Whenever I feel upset, I prefer ________ around the lake ________ myself up. A．to cycle; to cheering B．cycling; to cheering C．to cycle; to cheer D．cycling; cheer 4．The teacher told the students that it was not ________ to copy homework from others. A．rude B．private C．false D．proper 5．________ you promise to bring my MP3 player back by Saturday, I won’t lend it to you. A．Unless B．If C．But D．When 6．—I don’t know which dress is ________ for the party. —How about the red one? It looks very nice. A．cheap B．proper C．bright D．small 7．— The weather in Kunming is ________ beautiful ________ many tourists like to visit it every year. — Yes, it’s really a good place to travel. A．such; that B．so; that C．such; as D．so; as 8．Maria practiced her speech many times so that she could pronounce every word ________ in front of the whole class. A．nervously B．correctly C．carefully D．politely 9．In India, people often eat ________ their right hand instead of using a knife and fork. A．by B．on C．with D．for 10．You don’t need to wear a tie to the party. It’s a ________ event, so just wear jeans and a T-shirt. A．formal B．serious C．casual D．strict 11．In some cultures, people ________ each other on the cheek when they meet. A．hug B．shake C．kiss D．touch 12．When you find ________ in a new cultural environment, asking for help will make ________ easier to fit in. A．you；it B．yourself；it C．you；it’s D．yourself；itself 13．—________ do we greet people in China politely? —We usually shake hands or nod our heads. A．What B．Why C．How D．When 14．The cultural exchange activities ________us with a good chance to learn from others. A．provide B．offer C．give D．supply 15．The students were ________ excited about the school trip that they couldn’t sleep. A．so B．such C．very D．too 16．The famous Chinese story “A promise is worth a thousand pieces of gold” tells us ________. A．we should speak carefully B．how to make a promise C．we should keep our word D．where can we find gold 17．—Mr Brown, I’m sorry I didn’t hand in my homework on time.                                 —It doesn’t matter. But you should ______ the missing work as soon as possible. A．make up B．show up C．wake up D．take up 18．You ________ ask for permission before taking photos of local people in some places. A．can B．should C．may D．will 19．Many visitors to China ________ using chopsticks after staying here for a few weeks. A．get used to B．look forward to C．pay attention to D．take care of 20．—________ you please tell me how to greet people in France? —Sure. You ________ kiss them on the cheek. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 21．—Mike, it’s not ________ to talk with your mouth full of food.         —Sorry, Mom. I won’t do it again. A．proper B．standard C．natural D．normal 22．—Did you hear that Lisa won first prize in the singing competition?        —Really? That’s so ________! I never thought she could sing so well. A．fascinating B．surprising C．embarrassing D．confusing 23．I feel really ________ about greeting traditions because different countries have different rules. A．excited B．surprised C．confused D．bored 24．The little girl sang so ________ at the school show that all the students cheered for her. A．clearly B．loudly C．beautifully D．heavily 25．—Where is your report about Western etiquette? —I ________ it to your office ________ you were having the meeting this morning. A．brought; when B．took; if C．have brought; because D．have taken; before 二、完形填空 A Alex was excited to visit his cousin Lucas in Brazil. He had never been to South America before, 26 he couldn’t wait to walk around the colourful streets and try the delicious food. But his mum 27 him, “Every country has its own way of doing things. When in Rome, do as the Romans do!” The first day, Lucas took Alex to a local festival. The streets were 28 with music, dancing and lots of people. Lucas introduced Alex to his friends, and each time, Alex tried to give 29 a usual handshake. However, Lucas kept saying. “No, no. Alex! You have to do the Brazilian handshake!” Lucas showed Alex a special handshake. First, they did a high-five which is 30 by a shoulder bump (碰撞). After that, they crossed their arms and spun (旋转) around, and then they turned back to shake each other’s hand. Alex got so 31 that he hit Lucas in the nose. “Ouch!” Lucas shouted, laughing. “That’s not how you do it!” Alex’s face turned red, but he laughed too, “I guess I need more 32 !” Alex tried to follow many more times, but he 33 going wrong. Every time he tried, he ended up 34 Lucas in the face or making a funny noise. Even though Alex kept making mistakes, everyone thought it was 35 . They all tried to 36 him the Brazilian handshake, and soon, the whole group was laughing and messing up (嬉闹) together. Alex realized that sometimes, making mistakes can be the 37 part of learning. By the end of the day, Alex finally got it 38 after trying the handshake so many times. He felt 39 of himself and grateful for the fun time with his cousin and new friends. He learned that being open to new things and having a 40 of humour can make any trip amazing. 26．A．and B．but C．since D．unless 27．A．shouted B．warned C．refused D．invited 28．A．filled B．covered C．decorated D．connected 29．A．me B．us C．him D．them 30．A．cleared B．started C．followed D．moved 31．A．sad B．excited C．confused D．surprised 32．A．knowledge B．business C．practice D．information 33．A．minded B．avoided C．enjoyed D．kept 34．A．hiding B．hitting C．missing D．breaking 35．A．tiring B．amazing C．boring D．interesting 36．A．teach B．send C．offer D．leave 37．A．safest B．wisest C．simplest D．tiniest 38．A．fast B．lost C．past D．right 39．A．tired B．proud C．afraid D．strange 40．A．supply B．risk C．sense D．type B My name is Ahmed. I’m from Egypt. Last year, I had the chance to study in Canada for six months. It was my first time 41 a Western country, and I learned many valuable lessons about cultural differences. Before I left, my mother gave me some 42 : “Always be polite and respect others, even if things seem strange to you.” I kept her words in my heart. When I arrived in Toronto, everything felt so 43 . The weather was much colder than Cairo. People dressed differently and spoke English so fast. At first, I felt 44 and missed my family terribly. The biggest challenge was the 45 . In Egypt, we eat with our hands or use bread to pick up food. Using a knife and fork was very difficult for me. I made a mess several times and felt 46 . But my host family was very patient. They encouraged me and even 47 me how to use them properly. Another interesting thing was 48 . In Canada, people often say “sorry” and “thank you” many times a day. They also hold doors open for strangers. In Egypt, we are also polite, but in different ways. I learned that 49 cultures have different ways of showing respect. By the end of my stay, I felt much more comfortable. I made good friends and even learned to love poutine, a Canadian dish! This experience taught me that although we come from different 50 , we share the same human feelings. I hope to visit more countries in the future. 41．A．visiting B．leaving C．missing D．building 42．A．stories B．questions C．advice D．problems 43．A．wonderful B．familiar C．strange D．exciting 44．A．happy B．excited C．lonely D．relaxed 45．A．language B．transportation C．weather D．food 46．A．proud B．embarrassed C．confident D．surprised 47．A．asked B．told C．taught D．showed 48．A．politeness B．rudeness C．sadness D．happiness 49．A．similar B．different C．same D．easy 50．A．countries B．cities C．schools D．families 三、阅读理解 A Chopsticks have been used in Asia for over 3,000 years. The earliest chopsticks were discovered in Henan, China about 1200 BCE. Over the next 2,000 years, they spread throughout East and Southeast Asia. The three most well-known types are Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. Chinese chopsticks are longer with wide, rounded points at the end, mostly made of plastic or bamboo. While Japanese chopsticks are shorter and more pointed. Korean ones are flat rather than round and made of metal rather than wood. It’s said that ancient Royalty (皇室) used silver chopsticks to see if their food was poisoned (有毒的). In Southeast Asia, Vietnamese chopsticks are similar to Chinese ones. Chopsticks are not just eating tools. A proper chopstick grip (握法) can greatly improve dining experience. First, place the top part of two sticks between your thumb and index finger. Hold the upper chopstick gently with your first three fingers while resting the lower one at your ring finger. Meanwhile, put your thumb at the side of your index-finger nail. The upper stick is moved up and down with the movements of the index finger and middle finger. This way, pieces of food can be easily grasped between the tips of the chopsticks. ________ The first rule is to grab and not stab (刺入) food with the tip of your chopsticks. Second, don’t set chopsticks vertically (垂直的) into the rice in your bowl. In some cultures, such positioning of chopsticks is considered as a symbol associated with death. Third, watch where you point your chopsticks. It’s rude to point them directly at others. Following the guidelines above, you not only show respect for the cultural traditions about chopsticks, but also enrich your overall dining experience. 51．We can learn about the ________ of chopsticks in Paragraph 2. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ features discovery materials types sales A．①②③ B．③④⑤ C．①③④ D．①②⑤ 52．How many rules about using chopsticks rightly are there in Paragraph 4? A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five 53．Which of the following pictures describes the proper chopstick grip? A． B． C． D． 54．Which sentence can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 4? A．It’s not easy for you to get the use of chopsticks. B．Understanding chopstick manners is also necessary. C．Remember to choose suitable chopsticks for meals. D．Chopsticks play an important role at Chinese table. 55．What is the best title of the passage? A．The spread of Chinese culture B．Chopsticks, Treasure of Asian culture C．Chopsticks,ancient eating tools D．The table manners in Asia. B My Cross-Cultural Experience in Japan Last summer, I went to Japan with my parents. It was my first time to visit a foreign country, and it was an unforgettable cross-cultural experience that taught me a lot. Before we went to Japan, my parents and I learned some basic Japanese words and customs. We knew that Japanese people are very polite and pay much attention to manners. For example, they bow to greet each other, and they don’t talk loudly in public places. We also learned that it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into rice, which is a special custom in Japan. When we arrived in Tokyo, the capital of Japan, we were deeply impressed by the clean streets and friendly people. A Japanese guide helped us visit many famous places. He told us about Japanese culture, such as tea ceremony and cherry blossoms. We also tried Japanese food, like sushi and ramen. It was very delicious, and we learned how to eat it politely. During our trip, we met a Japanese family. They invited us to their home for dinner. The hostess prepared a lot of traditional Japanese food, and she taught us how to bow and use chopsticks correctly. We talked about our cultures and shared our life stories. I told them about Chinese Spring Festival and dumplings, and they were very interested in it. This experience made me realize that although there are many differences between Chinese and Japanese cultures, we can still understand each other and become friends. After we came back from Japan, I started to learn more about Japanese culture. I also told my classmates about my experience and encouraged them to learn about foreign cultures. I think cross-cultural communication is very important. It helps us broaden our horizons and make more friends. It also teaches us to respect different cultures and live in harmony with people from all over the world. 56．What did the writer do before going to Japan? A．He learned some basic Japanese words and customs. B．He visited many famous places in Japan. C．He tried Japanese food. D．He met a Japanese family. 57．What is the special custom in Japan mentioned in the passage? A．Bowing to greet each other. B．Not talking loudly in public. C．Not sticking chopsticks into rice. D．Eating sushi and ramen. 58．Who helped the writer visit famous places in Tokyo? A．His parents. B．A Japanese guide. C．A Japanese family. D．His classmates. 59．What did the writer learn from his cross-cultural experience in Japan? A．Japanese culture is better than Chinese culture. B．Cross-cultural communication is important and helps us make friends. C．We don’t need to respect foreign cultures. D．It’s difficult to communicate with people from different countries. 60．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The writer’s trip to Tokyo, Japan. B．The differences between Chinese and Japanese cultures. C．The writer’s cross-cultural experience in Japan and what he learned from it. D．The importance of learning Japanese. C Good manners are very important in our daily life. They show one’s personal quality and respect for others. For eighth-grade students, learning good manners is as important as learning school subjects. Good manners can help us make more friends, keep good relationships with others and make our social life easier. Firstly, we should have polite manners in school. We should greet teachers politely when we meet them. We must listen carefully in class and never interrupt others when they are speaking. We should be friendly to classmates, help each other and never laugh at students who are in trouble. Keeping the classroom clean and quiet is also a basic school manner. Secondly, we need good manners in public places. When we wait for the bus or in a shop, we should stand in line and never push others. We should speak in a low voice in libraries, cinemas and hospitals so that we won’t disturb others. We must never spit everywhere or throw rubbish casually. It’s also polite to give seats to the old, the disabled and pregnant women on buses and subways. Thirdly, we should have good family manners. At home, we should respect our parents and elders. We can help parents do some housework in our free time. When we have dinner with family, we should wait for elders to sit down first before we eat. We should not make loud noise while eating. Good manners are not formed in a short time. We need to keep good behavior every day. Small polite words and simple actions can bring warmth to others. A person with good manners is always popular everywhere. Let’s develop good manners from small things in our daily life. 61．What do good manners show? A．One’s wealth. B．One’s personal quality. C．One’s study grades. D．One’s hobby. 62．What should we do when we meet teachers? A．Walk away quickly. B．Greet them politely. C．Keep silent. D．Talk loudly with classmates. 63．Which is a good public manner? A．Push others while waiting. B．Speak loudly in the library. C．Stand in line patiently. D．Throw rubbish on the ground. 64．What is a good family manner? A．Eat before elders sit down. B．Refuse to do housework. C．Respect parents and elders. D．Make noise at dinner. 65．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Importance of Good Manners B．How to Make Friends at School C．Manners in Public Places D．School Life of Middle School Students D Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always greet others like this? In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago. There were several kinds of greeting etiquette in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) was a quite common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people in the western Zhou Dynasty. In ancient (古代的) times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready to hold something used for fighting. Holding out both hands could make people feel relaxed. When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that people considered (认为) the left as the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it back as well. In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold-fist salute, or baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made a fist, while the left hand is to cover the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different. Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students. So, don’t make a mistake. 66．What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Need. B．Manners. C．Time. D．Groups. 67．Which picture shows the correct way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute? A． B． C． D． 68．If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ________. A．keep his right hand open B．cover the right fist with his left hand C．use his left hand to hold the right one D．put his right hand on the top 69．What can we learn from the passage? A．There are no standards (标准) for these two salutes. B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. E ① What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. ② Alphorns (阿尔卑斯号角) were used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland once. They are very long and they are very heavy too. So, alphorns are hard to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen (牧人) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. Alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. These days, they’re musical instruments. ③ The people of La Gomera, an island, have their own special way of sending messages from one mountain to another. They use a whistled (口哨的) language called El Silbo Gomero which comes from their language, Spanish. People can hear whistling in up to 5 kilometres, which means they can use it across much greater distances than shouting. El Silbo Gomero can send all kinds of messages, including greetings and notices. People use El Silbo Gomero less than it used to be, but students in La Gomera have to learn it. ④ Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers (士兵) along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a sign. If they noticed something uncommon from their signal (信号) towers, they set a fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they set fires too. In this way, messages could travel 300 miles in just a few hours. 70．What do people use alphorns for today? A．Communicating in the mountains. B．Calling cows for milking. C．Sending messages down to villagers. D．Playing a kind of music. 71．Why do the people of La Gomera use El Silbo Gomero to communicate? A．Because it can send messages to animals. B．Because it is different from their language. C．Because they can hear it at a great distance. D．Because it is a subject for young students. 72．How did soldiers along the Great Wall get messages between towers? A．By listening. B．By whistling. C．By shouting. D．By watching. 73．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． F Going to visit your neighbor is fun. You will be good friends after you spend time together. 74 When to get to your neighbor’s home When a neighbor invites you , you need to get to his or her home on time . If he or she asks you to come at 3:00, you should get there before 3:05. 75 What to take 76 Presents like a box of chocolate or a CD are good , because you can share them. A little present is a way to show your neighbors that you are happy to be with them. How to say hello When you visit a neighbor , you may also meet his or her father and mother . You should take them who you are and they may tell you their names 77 It will show that you respect them. Another way to show respect is to call them madam or sir. It is a cool thing to visit a neighbor’s house. Be nice to your neighbor and your neighbor’s parents, 78 A．Please use Mr. or Mrs. to call them. B．So please be a good visitor. C．We should say “Hello” to our neighbors . D．But usually it’s a good idea to get there at the right time. E．and then you will be welcomed again. F．and then you won’t be welcomed again. G．Often it’s nice to take something to your neighbor’s house. 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 No matter where you go, no matter what you do, when you are in public places, following the rules of good manners is a must. How should we behave in public places? Here is some advice. Keep your voice down Don’t speak or laugh loudly. Remember that although you may be excited and want to voice your excitement, the people around you may not be interested in it at all. It’s polite to speak in a low voice. This includes laughing as well. Dress properly Dress in a way that is appropriate for the place that you are going to. If you are going to an event where people dress in a formal way, do the same. Do not wear blue jeans or a T-shirt to a dinner party. Follow table manners In Western countries, it’s not polite to pick up food with your hands. You should use a fork or a spoon. When you are in China, you shouldn’t start eating first if there are older people at the table. Using your phone while having a meal is also bad behavior. Protect public property (财产) Public facilities (设施) such as chairs, garbage cans, and public artworks are for everyone’s use and enjoyment. We should not damage them, for example, by carving on chairs or throwing garbage about. Taking good care of public property ensures that they can serve people for a long time. 79．Why should we keep our voice down in public places? 80．What shouldn’t we wear when going to a dinner party according to the passage? 81．What is impolite in Western countries according to the passage? 82．What should we do with public facilities? 83．In your opinion, what other rules should we follow in public places? Give an example. 五、短文填空 The United Kingdom is known for its rich culture and special manners. Understanding these can help you get on 84 (good) with British people. When meeting someone for the 85 (one) time, it’s common to shake hands. But hugs or kisses are usually only for close friends or family 86 (member). Also, eye contact is important, but don’t watch too long, because it might make others feel 87 (comfortable). The British love small talk. The weather is always 88 safe topic. They also enjoy talking about their hobbies, such as gardening or 89 (read). However, it’s not a good idea to ask about age, salary 90 politics. This is impolite. If you’re invited to a party or a meeting, it’s better 91 (arrive) on time. Being a few minutes late is acceptable, but being too late is rude. When visiting a British home, it’s polite to bring a small gift. If you’re offered food or a drink, it’s polite to accept 92 least a little. And remember to say “please” and “thank you” often. At the dinner table, the 93 (old) person often takes the main seat first. Remember to use your knife and fork properly. Don’t forget 94 (say) “please” and “thank you”. It’s also polite to keep your mouth 95 (close) while eating. In public, they always wait 96 buses in line. Pushing in line is not allowed. And if you cough or sneeze, cover your mouth 97 say “excuse me”. In a word, British manners show their respect and politeness. By 98 (follow) these rules, you’ll surely have fun in the UK. 六、选词填空 从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使句子通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。 greet, custom, polite, country, instead, behave, visit, different, but, stay Last year, I went to 99 my cousin in South Korea. I was excited but also worried about the 100 between China and South Korea. On the first day, when I met my cousin’s family, they 101 me with a deep bow（鞠躬）. I didn’t know what to do at first, so I just stood there. Then my cousin told me that bowing is a 102 way to greet people there. Later, I learned that in South Korea, people also pay attention to how 103 at the table. For example, you shouldn’t start eating before the elders. And you shouldn’t talk loudly while eating. One day, we went to a park. I met a local girl. She was very friendly and wanted to make friends with me. She tried to hug me, 104 I remembered that in South Korea, people usually don’t hug strangers. So I bowed to her 105 . She smiled and said I was welcome. I 106 there for a month. During that time, I learned many 107 . I realized that understanding other cultures can help us get on well with people from other 108 七、完成句子 109．在皮影戏表演期间，我们坐得笔直。 During the shadow puppet play, we ________ ________ straight. 110．你能否做好取决于你的学习习惯。 ________ or not you can do this well ________ ________ your learning habits. 111．赵先生和赵太太都四十多岁了，他们有一个比我小的儿子。 Mr and Mrs Zhao are both ________ ________ ________, and they have a son who is younger than me. 112．英语能对你未来的学习有很大帮助。 English can help you ________ ________ ________ ________ in your future studies. 113．他非常兴奋，因为上周他得到了朋友的消息。 He was so excited because he ________ ________ his friend last week. 114．对我们来说，避免跨文化交流中的错误是很有必要的。 It’s necessary for us to ________ ________ in cross-cultural communication. 115．那样会给人留下我很粗鲁的错误印象。 It could give people the ________ ________ ________ I’m a rude person. 116．拜访朋友时迟到是可以的。 It is usually OK to ________ ________ when ________ ________. 117．她甜美的微笑给我留下了好印象。 Her sweet smile ________ ________ ________ ________ on me. 118．你会牙痛，除非你每天刷牙。 ___________ you brush your teeth every day, you ___________ ___________ a toothache. 八、书面表达 如今，阅读好书已在校园蔚然成风。一本佳作不仅能增长学识，更能教会我们涵养美德、懂得礼仪。校英文报现面向全体同学征集心得感悟，欢迎大家踊跃分享自己的想法与收获。请你以“A Good Read Teaches Me Good Manners”为题，写一篇英语短文投稿。 要点如下： 1．介绍自己最喜欢的一本好书； 2．写出这本书教会你的2-3种良好礼仪； 3．谈谈自己今后会怎样践行这些礼仪。 注意事项： 1．写作包括所有要点，可以适当发挥； 2．语句通顺，意思连贯，段落分明，书写工整； 3．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息； 4．词数在100词左右。 A Good Read Teaches Me Good Manners ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、 1．D 【解析】句意：我们正在讨论明天是否要开班会。 since自从；although尽管；until直到；whether是否。根据前半句“We are discussing”可知，这是在讨论“是否要开班会”，应填whether。 2．C 【解析】句意：特蕾莎如此紧张，以至于她不能在全班面前讲话。 such...that如此……以至于；so...that如此……以至于；too...to太……而不能；enough...to足够……可以。第一空格后“nervous是形容词，应该用so修饰，such修饰名词；第二空格后是从句，应该用that引导从句。 3．C 【解析】句意：每当我感到心烦时，我更喜欢绕湖骑行来让自己振作起来。 prefer to do sth. 意为“更喜欢做某事”；动词不定式to do常作目的状语。根据句意，第二空表示“为了让自己振作”，应用不定式to cheer，排除A、B、D项。第一空prefer后接to cycle符合用法。故选C。 4．D 【解析】句意：老师告诉学生们抄别人的作业是不合适的。 rude粗鲁的；private私人的；false错误的；proper合适的。根据“The teacher told the students”及“copy homework from others”可知，老师告诉学生抄作业是不恰当的行为，not proper意为“不合适的”，符合语境。 5．A 【解析】句意：除非你承诺周六前把我的MP3播放器带回来，否则我不会把它借给你。 Unless除非；If如果；But但是；When当……时候。根据主句“I won’t lend it to you”可知，借出的前提是对方承诺归还。Unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”，符合“不承诺就不借”的逻辑关系。 6．B 【解析】句意：——我不知道哪条裙子适合参加派对。——红色那条怎么样？它看起来很漂亮。    cheap便宜的；proper合适的；bright明亮的；small小的。根据“for the party”和“How about the red one? It looks very nice”可知，此处是在询问哪条裙子“适合”派对，应填proper。 7．B 【解析】句意：——昆明的天气是如此美丽以至于许多游客每年都喜欢来这里参观。——是的，它真是一个旅游的好地方。 根据句意，句子考查结果状语从句，选项C和D不能引导结果状语从句，排除选项C和D。such…that…如此……，以至于……，such后接名词；so…that…如此……，以至于……，so后接形容词或副词。空后的beautiful是形容词，应用so...that...结构。 8．B 【解析】句意：玛丽亚多次练习她的演讲，以便她能在全班同学面前正确地发出每个单词的音。 nervously紧张地； correctly正确地；carefully小心地；politely礼貌地。前半句“Maria practiced her speech many times”提示，反复练习的目的是为了提高准确性，确保发音正确，而不是为了紧张、仔细或礼貌地发音。 9．C 【解析】句意：在印度，人们经常用右手吃饭，而不是用刀叉。 by通过；on在……上面；with用；for为了。根据“eat...their right hand”可知，此处表示使用身体部位作为工具，应用介词with。 10．C 【解析】句意：你不需要打领带去参加那个聚会。这是一个随意的活动，穿牛仔裤和T恤就行。 formal正式的；serious严肃的；casual随意的；strict严格的。根据“You don’t need to wear a tie to the party.”和“...so just wear jeans and a T-shirt.”可知，着装要求轻松，说明这是一个轻松随意的场合，应填casual。 11．C 【解析】句意：在某些文化中，人们见面时亲吻对方的脸颊。 hug拥抱；shake握手；kiss亲吻；touch触摸。根据“on the cheek”可知动作发生在脸颊上，结合生活常识，见面时在脸颊上的礼节通常是亲吻。 12．B 【解析】句意：当你发现自己身处一个新的文化环境中时，寻求帮助会使这件事变得更容易从而融入其中。 you你；yourself你自己；it它；it’s它是；itself它自己。根据语境可知，第一空强调“发现自己”，应填反身代词“yourself”；第二空是“make it + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构，表示“使做某事变得……”，其中“it”是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，所以第二空应填“it”。故选B。 13．C 【解析】句意：——在中国我们怎样礼貌地和人打招呼？——我们通常握手或点头。 What什么；Why为什么；How怎样；When什么时候。根据答语“We usually shake hands or nod our heads.”可知，回答的是打招呼的方式，故用How提问。 14．A 【解析】句意：文化交流活动为我们提供了一个向他人学习的好机会。 provide提供；offer提供；give给；supply供应。固定搭配“provide sb. with sth.”，意为“为某人提供某物”。offer常用搭配为“offer sb. sth.”；give常用搭配为“give sb. sth.”；supply虽可接with但多指供应物资。应填provide。 15．A 【解析】句意：学生们对学校旅行如此兴奋以至于他们睡不着觉。 so如此；such如此；very非常；too太。本题是“so/such...that...”句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词，such后接名词，本句中excited是形容词。 16．C 【解析】句意：著名的中国故事“一诺千金”告诉我们应该信守诺言。 we should speak carefully我们应该小心说话；how to make a promise如何许诺；we should keep our word我们要信守诺言；where can we find gold我们在哪里可以找到黄金。谚语“A promise is worth a thousand pieces of gold”意为“一诺千金”，强调承诺珍贵，启示我们要诚实守信，C项符合谚语传达的道理。 17．A 【解析】句意：——布朗先生，对不起我没有按时交作业。——没关系。但是你应该尽快补做缺失的作业。 make up弥补，补做；show up露面，出现；wake up醒来；take up占据，开始从事。根据“missing work”可知是需要补做作业，应填make up。 18．B 【解析】句意：在某些地方，你给当地人拍照之前应该寻求许可。 can可以；should应该；may可能；will将要。根据“before taking photos of local people in some places”可知，此处表示出于礼貌或规定，建议或义务上应该寻求许可，should符合语境。 19．A 【解析】句意：许多来中国的游客在这里待了几周后习惯于使用筷子。 get used to习惯于；look forward to期待；pay attention to注意；take care of照顾。空格后“after staying here for a few weeks”提示，游客在中国待了几周后，会逐渐习惯于使用筷子。get used to“习惯于”，动词短语。 20．A 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我如何在法国跟人打招呼吗？——当然。你应该亲吻他们的脸颊。 could能；should应该；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据语境可知，问句是请求对方告知如何在法国跟人打招呼，用“could”表示委婉请求；答句是给出建议，用“should”表示“应该”。 21．A 【解析】句意：——迈克，嘴里含着食物说话是不得体的。——对不起，妈妈。我不会再那样做了。 proper适当的，得体的；standard标准的；natural自然的；normal正常的。根据“talk with your mouth full of food”可知，满嘴食物说话是不礼貌的行为，此处指这种行为不合适，proper 符合语境。 22．B 【解析】句意：——你听说丽莎在歌唱比赛中获得一等奖了吗？——真的吗？那太令人惊讶了！我从未想过她能唱得这么好。 fascinating迷人的；surprising令人惊讶的；embarrassing令人尴尬的；confusing令人困惑的。根据答语后句“I never thought she could sing so well.”可知，说话者没想到她唱得这么好，对此感到意外。 23．C 【解析】句意：我真的对问候传统感到困惑，因为不同的国家有不同的规则。 excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的；confused困惑的；bored无聊的。根据“because different countries have different rules”可知，面对各国不同的规则，人们通常会感到困惑不知如何是好。应填confused。 24．C 【解析】句意：那个小女孩在学校演出中唱得如此动听，以至于所有的学生都为她欢呼。 clearly清楚地；loudly大声地；beautifully优美地；heavily沉重地。根据“all the students cheered for her”可知，学生们为她欢呼，说明她唱得很好听，beautifully符合语境。 25．A 【解析】句意：——你的关于西方礼仪的报告在哪里？——今天早上你开会的时候我把它带到你的办公室了。 brought带来；when当……时候；took带走；if如果；have brought已经带来；because因为；have taken已经带走；before在……之前。根据“this morning”和“you were having the meeting”可知为过去某一时刻发生的动作，用一般过去时，且“带到说话对象处”用bring，when表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，说明“我带去报告”这一动作发生在“你正在开会时”，符合语境。brought; when符合语境。应填brought; when。 二、 A 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．C 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．B 38．D 39．B 40．C 【解析】本文讲述了Alex去巴西拜访表哥Lucas，学习巴西特色握手礼的故事，展现了跨文化交流中的趣事与感悟。 26．句意：他以前从未去过南美洲，并且他迫不及待地想逛色彩斑斓的街道、品尝美味的食物。 前后句为顺承关系，用并列连词and连接；but表转折，since表原因，unless表条件，均不符合语境。 27．句意：但他的妈妈警告他：“每个国家都有自己的行事方式。入乡随俗！” 根据后文妈妈的提醒内容，这里是妈妈对他的善意警告，warned符合语境；shouted大喊、refused拒绝、invited邀请，均不符合。 28．句意：街道上充满了音乐、舞蹈和许多人。 be filled with是固定搭配，意为“充满”，符合节日热闹的场景；covered覆盖、decorated装饰、connected连接，均不符合。 29．句意：Lucas把Alex介绍给他的朋友们，每次Alex都想和他们像往常一样握手。 前文提到friends，这里指代复数的朋友们，用them；me我、us我们、him他，均不符合。 30．句意：首先，他们击掌，紧接着是撞肩。 followed by是固定搭配，意为“紧接着”，表示动作的先后顺序；cleared清除、started开始、moved移动，均不符合。 31．句意：Alex变得非常困惑，以至于撞到了Lucas的鼻子。 根据后文他做错动作的情节，可知他是因为困惑、不熟练而搞混，confused符合语境；sad难过、excited兴奋、surprised惊讶，均不符合。 32．句意：Alex的脸红了，但他也笑了，说：“我想我需要更多的练习！” 根据前文他一直做错动作，可知他需要更多练习，practice符合语境；knowledge知识、business生意、information信息，均不符合。 33．句意：Alex又跟着学了很多次，但他一直出错。 keep doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“一直做某事”，这里指他一直出错；minded介意、avoided避免、enjoyed享受，均不符合。 34．句意：每次他尝试，最终都打到Lucas的脸或者发出滑稽的声音。 根据前文“hit Lucas in the nose”的情节，这里是指他不小心打到Lucas的脸，hitting符合语境；hiding隐藏、missing错过、breaking打破，均不符合。 35．句意：尽管Alex一直犯错，但大家都觉得这件事很有趣。 根据后文大家一起笑、嬉闹的情节，可知大家觉得他犯错的样子很有趣，interesting符合语境；tiring累人的、amazing令人惊叹的、boring无聊的，均不符合。 36．句意：他们都试着教Alex巴西式握手，很快，整个小组一起笑着、闹作一团。 根据前文大家一起帮他的情节，这里是指教他握手，teach符合语境；send发送、offer提供、leave离开，均不符合。 37．句意：Alex意识到，有时候，犯错可以是学习过程中最明智的部分。 结合上下文，这里指犯错是学习中最明智的部分，wisest符合语境；safest最安全的、simplest最简单的、tiniest最小的，均不符合。 38．句意：一天结束时，经过多次尝试握手，Alex终于把动作做对了。 get it right是固定搭配，意为“做对了”；fast快的、lost迷路的、past过去的，均不符合。 39．句意：他为自己感到自豪，也很感激和表哥、新朋友度过的欢乐时光。 根据前文他终于学会了握手，可知他为自己感到自豪，proud符合语境；tired疲惫的、afraid害怕的、strange奇怪的，均不符合。 40．句意：他明白了，对新事物保持开放的心态，拥有幽默感，能让任何一次旅行都变得很棒。 a sense of humour是固定搭配，意为“幽默感”；supply供应、risk风险、type类型，均不符合。 B 41．A 42．C 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．A 【解析】本文讲述埃及男孩Ahmed去加拿大留学半年的经历，亲身感受文化差异，在生活、饮食、礼仪上慢慢适应，懂得了虽然来自不同国家，但人类的情感是相通的。 41．句意：这是我第一次访问西方国家。 根据前文“study in Canada”可知，是第一次来到西方国家，应选用visiting。 42．句意：临走前，妈妈给了我一些建议。 根据后文引号里叮嘱的话语，可知是给建议，应选用advice。 43．句意：当我到达多伦多，一切都感觉很陌生。 根据后文天气、穿着、语言都和家乡不一样，可知感觉陌生，应选用strange。 44．句意：起初，我感到孤独，非常想念家人。 根据后文“missed my family terribly”想家，可知内心孤独，应选用lonely。 45．句意：最大的挑战是饮食。 根据后文讲埃及和加拿大吃饭方式不同、刀叉使用困难，可知是食物餐饮方面，应选用food。 46．句意：我好几次弄得一团糟，感到尴尬。 根据前文吃饭用不好刀叉、弄得很乱，可知感到尴尬难为情，应选用embarrassed。 47．句意：寄宿家庭很有耐心，鼓励我，还教我如何正确使用刀叉。 根据语境，家人示范并教他使用餐具，应选用taught。 48．句意：另一件有趣的事是礼貌礼仪。 根据后文频繁说对不起、谢谢、为陌生人开门，都是礼貌行为，应选用politeness。 49．句意：我了解到不同的文化有不同表达尊重的方式。 根据全文讲埃及和加拿大文化差异，应选用different。 50．句意：这次经历让我明白，虽然我们来自不同国家，却有着相同的人类情感。 根据文中内容，此处表示埃及、加拿大两个国家，应选用countries。 三、 A 51．C 52．B 53．D 54．B 55．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍筷子的历史、类型、握法及礼仪，展现其作为亚洲文化瑰宝的多元价值。 51．第二段提到“three most well-known types（类型）”“Chinese chopsticks are longer with wide, rounded points（特征）”“made of plastic or bamboo（材料）”，对应features、materials、types，即①③④。 52．第四段明确列出三条规则：①用筷子夹食物而非刺；②不要将筷子垂直插在米饭里；③不要用筷子指向他人，共三条。 53．根据第三段握法描述：上筷用食指和中指控制上下移动，下筷靠无名指支撑，拇指和食指夹住筷子上端，图片D符合。 54．第四段主要讲筷子礼仪规则，空格处应引出“礼仪的重要性”，“Understanding chopstick manners is also necessary”最贴合。 55．本文涵盖筷子的历史、类型、握法、礼仪，体现其作为亚洲文化瑰宝的意义，“Chopsticks, Treasure of Asian culture”最全面。 B 56．A 57．C 58．B 59．B 60．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去日本的跨文化经历，包括去之前的准备、在日本的活动、与日本家庭的交流以及从这次经历中所获得的感悟等。 56．第二段提到：“Before we went to Japan, my parents and I learned some basic Japanese words and customs.”，这表明作者去日本之前学习了一些基本的日语单词和习俗。 57．第二段提到：“We also learned that it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into rice, which is a special custom in Japan.”，说明日本的一个特殊习俗是不把筷子插进米饭里。 58．第三段提到：“A Japanese guide helped us visit many famous places.”，说明是一位日本导游帮助作者参观了许多著名的地方。 59．最后一段提到：“I think cross-cultural communication is very important. It helps us broaden our horizons and make more friends.”，说明作者从这次跨文化经历中学到跨文化交流很重要，能帮助我们结交更多朋友。 60．第一段点明“it was an unforgettable cross-cultural experience that taught me a lot”，且后文围绕在日本的具体经历以及从中获得的感悟展开，整体主要讲述了作者在日本的跨文化经历以及从中学到的东西。 C 61．B 62．B 63．C 64．C 65．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，从学校、公共场所和家庭三个方面介绍了礼貌的重要性，并呼吁大家在生活中养成良好的礼貌习惯。 61．根据原文第一段“They show one’s personal quality and respect for others.”可知，礼貌能体现一个人的个人素质。 62．根据原文第二段“We should greet teachers politely when we meet them.”可知，遇到老师时，我们应该礼貌地打招呼。 63．根据原文第三段“When we wait for the bus or in a shop, we should stand in line and never push others.”可知，在公共场合排队是良好的礼貌行为。 64．根据原文第四段“At home, we should respect our parents and elders.”可知，尊重父母和长辈是良好的家庭礼貌。 65．全文围绕礼貌的重要性展开，分别介绍了学校、公共场所和家庭中的礼貌行为，因此“The Importance of Good Manners”最贴合文章主旨，作标题最佳。 D 66．B 67．A 68．B 69．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代的问候礼仪，重点阐述了“拱手礼”和“抱拳礼”两种手势的历史渊源、具体做法及适用人群的差异。 66．根据第二段“There were several kinds of greeting etiquette in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute was a quite common one...”，该句介绍中国古代的问候方式，后文具体描述拱手礼的做法，因此“etiquette”意为“礼仪、规矩”，与“Manners”同义。 67．根据第三段“While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top.” ，文章明确指出女性行拱手礼时“右手在上”，因此正确图片应显示右手覆盖左手。 68．根据第四段“The gesture is that the right hand is made a fist, while the left hand is to cover the right fist.” ，文章直接说明抱拳礼的做法是“右手握拳，左手包住右拳”，因此Mike应该用左手盖住右拳。C项描述的是男性拱手礼，D项描述的是女性拱手礼，均不符合。 69．根据第四段“It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different.”，文章明确指出两种礼仪“相似但不同”，与D选项完全一致。A项错误，因为文章详细说明了标准；B项错误，抱拳礼在功夫中更常见；C项错误，文章未提及生日庆祝。 E 70．D 71．C 72．D 73．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了古代人们不同的交流方式，包括瑞士使用阿尔卑斯号角、拉戈梅拉岛使用口哨语言以及中国长城士兵使用烟雾信号等。 70．第二段指出：“These days, they’re musical instruments”，说明如今阿尔卑斯号角是一种乐器，即用来演奏一种音乐。 71．第三段说明原因：“People can hear whistling in up to 5 kilometres, which means they can use it across much greater distances than shouting”，表明拉戈梅拉岛的人使用El Silbo Gomero交流是因为能在很远距离听到。 72．第四段说明方式：“When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they set fires too. In this way, messages could travel 300 miles in just a few hours.”，说明长城上的士兵是通过观察烟雾信号在塔楼间传递信息。 73．第一段定义结构：“Here are some very interesting answers to this question”为总起，引出后文对不同交流方式的介绍；第二、三、四段分别介绍了“Alphorns”“El Silbo Gomero”“visual communication”三种交流方式，是并列关系。整体结构为总分的结构。 F 74．B 75．D 76．G 77．A 78．E 【解析】本文讲述了拜访邻居的相关注意事项，包括何时到达邻居家、带什么礼物、如何打招呼等，最后号召读者做一个好访客，友好对待邻居及其父母。 74．前文提到拜访邻居很有趣，在一起度过时光后会成为好朋友，此处需要一个能引出下文关于拜访邻居具体建议的句子，B项“So please be a good visitor.”承接上文关于拜访邻居的话题，并引出下文关于如何成为好访客的具体建议，逻辑连贯。 75．前文提到邻居邀请你时要准时到达，并举例说明如果邻居让三点到，你应该在三点零五分前到达，此处需要进一步说明关于到达时间的观点，D项“But usually it’s a good idea to get there at the right time.”是对到达时间问题的进一步阐述，符合语境。 76．后文提到像一盒巧克力或一张CD这样的礼物很好，因为可以分享，还提到小礼物是向邻居表明你很高兴和他们在一起的方式，此处需要引出带礼物的话题，G项“Often it’s nice to take something to your neighbor’s house.”引出下文关于带什么礼物的讨论，符合语境。 77．前文提到拜访邻居时可能会见到邻居的父母，你应该告诉他们你是谁，他们可能会告诉你他们的名字，此处需要说明在这种情况下如何称呼邻居的父母，A项“Please use Mr. or Mrs. to call them.”承接上文，说明如何称呼邻居的父母，符合语境。 78．前文提到拜访邻居家是一件很酷的事情，要友好对待邻居及其父母，此处需要说明这样做的结果，E项“and then you will be welcomed again.”说明友好对待邻居及其父母会再次受到欢迎，符合语境。 四、 79．Because the people around us may not be interested in our loud speaking or laughing. 80．We shouldn’t wear blue jeans or a T-shirt. 81．Picking up food with our hands. 82．We should take good care of public facilities ( and not damage them). 83．We should wait in line. For example, wait in line when we take the bus. (合理即可) 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在公共场所应遵守的礼仪规范，从保持低声交谈、着装得体、餐桌礼仪、爱护公共设施等方面给出了具体建议，引导人们养成文明的公共行为习惯。 79．根据“Keep your voice down”部分：“the people around you may not be interested in it at all. It’s polite to speak in a low voice.”说明在公共场所压低声音，是因为周围的人可能并不想听你的大声交谈/欢笑，保持低声是一种礼貌，避免打扰他人。故填Because the people around us may not be interested in our loud speaking or laughing. 80．根据“Dress properly”部分：“Do not wear blue jeans or a T-shirt to a dinner party.”直接明确说明参加晚宴时不应该穿牛仔裤或T恤。故填We shouldn’t wear blue jeans or a T-shirt. 81．根据“Follow table manners”部分：“In Western countries, it’s not polite to pick up food with your hands.”同时结合后文“Using your phone while having a meal is also bad behavior”，也属于餐桌礼仪的不礼貌行为，但核心针对西方国家的是“用手抓食物”。故填Picking up food with our hands. 82．根据“Protect public property”部分：“We should not damage them, for example, by carving on chairs or throwing garbage about. Taking good care of public property ensures that they can serve people for a long time.”说明我们应该爱护公共设施，不破坏、不涂鸦、不乱扔垃圾，好好维护它们，让它们能长期为大家服务。故填We should take good care of public facilities ( and not damage them). 83．这是开放性问题，需要结合公共礼仪补充合理的规则并举例。故填We should wait in line. For example, wait in line when we take the bus. （答案不唯一，观点合理、符合公共场所礼仪即可） 五、 84．well 85．first 86．members 87．uncomfortable 88．a 89．reading 90．or 91．to arrive 92．at 93．oldest 94．to say 95．closed 96．for 97．and 98．following 【解析】本文介绍了英国在见面问候、日常交谈、赴宴作客、公共场合等多个场景的社交礼仪和行为规范。 84．句意：理解这些可以帮助你与英国人相处得很好。get on with sb.“与某人相处”，此处需要副词修饰动词短语，good的副词形式是well。 85．句意：当第一次见到某人时，握手是常见的。空前有the，此处用序数词，填first。 86．句意：但是拥抱或亲吻通常只针对亲密的朋友或家庭成员。member是可数名词，此处“家庭成员”表示复数概念，用其复数形式。 87．句意：此外，眼神交流很重要，但不要凝视太久，因为这可能让别人感到不舒服。根据句意，凝视太久让别人感觉不舒服，uncomfortable形容词，意为“不舒服的”。 88．句意：天气总是一个安全的话题。此处不特指，用不定冠词，safe以辅音音素开头，填a。 89．句意：他们也喜欢谈论他们的爱好，比如园艺或阅读。such as后接名词或动名词，read的动名词形式是reading。 90．句意：然而，询问年龄、薪水或政治不是好主意。此处是否定句，否定句中用or连接并列成分。 91．句意：如果你被邀请参加聚会或会议，最好准时到达。it's better to do sth.是固定句型，意为“最好做某事”。 92．句意：如果你被提供食物或饮料，礼貌的做法是至少接受一点。at least 是固定短语，意为“最少”。 93．句意：在餐桌上，最年长的人通常先坐主位。空前有定冠词the，可知此处用最高级。 94．句意：不要忘记说“请”和“谢谢”。forget to do sth.是固定句型，意为“忘记做某事”。 95．句意：吃饭时记得闭上嘴也是礼貌的。keep+宾语+形容词是固定结构，意为“使……保持某种状态”，close的形容词形式是closed。 96．句意：在公共场合，他们总是排队等公交车。wait for是固定短语，意为“等待”。 97．句意：如果你咳嗽或者打喷嚏，捂住嘴并说“对不起”。捂住嘴和说“对不起”是顺承的关系，并且这个句子是肯定句，用and连接。 98．句意：通过遵循这些规则，你一定会在英国玩得开心。by是介词，介词后接名词或动名词，follow的动名词形式是following。 六、 99．visit 100．differences 101．greeted 102．polite 103．to behave 104．but 105．instead 106．stayed 107．customs 108．countries 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去韩国探望表亲，通过体验鞠躬、餐桌礼仪等，理解了文化差异并学会尊重不同国家习俗的故事。 99．句意：去年，我去韩国探望我的表亲。空格在went to之后，需要用动词原形作目的状语。visit意为“拜访、看望”，符合“探望表亲”的语境。 100．句意：我很兴奋，但也担心中国和韩国之间的差异。空格在the和between之间，需要名词作介词about的宾语。different是形容词，其名词形式为differences，表示“差异”。the differences between…and…是固定搭配。 101．句意：第一天，当我见到表亲的家人时，他们用深深的鞠躬问候我。空格处需要谓语动词，根据上下文的过去时态，应用过去式。greet意为“问候、迎接”，过去式为greeted，符合“用鞠躬问候我”的语境。 102．句意：然后表亲告诉我，在那里鞠躬是一种礼貌的问候方式。空格修饰名词way，需要形容词。polite意为“礼貌的”，说明鞠躬是礼貌的方式。 103．句意：后来我了解到，在韩国，人们也很注意在餐桌上的行为举止。空格在how之后，需要构成“疑问词+不定式”结构作介词to的宾语，表示“如何做某事”。to behave意为“举止、表现”，“how to behave at the table”就是指“在餐桌旁如何举止得体”，符合上下文讨论餐桌礼仪的语境。 104．句意：她试图拥抱我，但我记得在韩国，人们通常不和陌生人拥抱。空格连接两个分句，表示转折关系。but意为“但是”，符合前后句意的转折。 105．句意：所以我改为向她鞠躬。空格在句末，修饰动词bowed，需要副词。instead意为“代替、反而”，表示用鞠躬代替了拥抱。 106．句意：我在那里待了一个月。空格处需要谓语动词，表示停留。stay意为“停留、待”，根据时间Last year用过去式stayed。 107．句意：在那段时间里，我学到了许多风俗习惯。many后接可数名词复数。custom意为“习俗”，复数为customs，指韩国的各种风俗。 108．句意：我意识到理解其他文化能帮助我和来自其他国家的人们友好相处。other后接名词复数，表示其他国家。country的复数是countries。 七、 109． sat up 【解析】原句中“坐得……”是关键词，表示“坐起来（并坐直）”的短语是sit up。本句为一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，故用sat；up为副词与sat构成动词短语。 110． Whether depends on 【解析】原句中“能否”和“取决于”是关键词。根据第一个空格后“or not”可知，此处“能否”用Whether表示；“取决于”可用depend on表示，句子主语为主语从句，谓语动词需用第三人称单数。 111． in their forties 【解析】原句中“四十多岁了”是关键词，“四十多岁”对应的英文表达是“in one’s forties”，主语是Mr and Mrs Zhao，用“their”表示“他们的”，所以填in their forties。 112． go a long way 【解析】原句中“有很大帮助”是关键词，句中help somebody do something是固定搭配，表示“帮助某人做某事”，help后接动词原形；“有很大帮助”对应的英文为go a long way，为固定搭配。故填go；a；long；way。 113． heard from 【解析】原句中“得到了……的消息”是关键词，对应的常用短语是hear from（意为“收到……的来信/消息”）。本句的时间状语是“last week（上周）”，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。 114． avoid mistakes 【解析】原句中“避免错误”对应的短语是“avoid mistakes”，“It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.(对某人来说做某事是必要的)”是固定句型，此处用动词原形“avoid mistakes”符合“避免跨文化交流中的错误是很有必要的”的语义，故填①avoid；②mistakes。 115． false impression that 【解析】原句中“错误印象”是关键词组，“错误的”对应的英文表达是“false”，“印象”对应的英文是“impression”；“给人留下……的印象”常用“give sb. the impression that...”这个结构来表达，其中“that”引导同位语从句，对“impression”的内容进行具体说明。 116． be late visiting friends 【解析】原句中“迟到”和“拜访朋友”是关键信息；“迟到”对应短语be late，此处用原形，放在to后构成不定式结构，作句子的真正主语；“拜访朋友”对应短语visit friends，在when引导的时间状语从句中，用现在分词visiting friends作时间状语，省略了主语和be动词。 117． made a good impression 【解析】原句中“留下了好印象”是关键词，表示“给某人留下好印象”的短语是make a good impression on sb.，句子时态为一般过去时，主语Her sweet smile为单数名词，make的过去式为made。 118． Unless will have 【解析】unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时：will do。固定短语have a toothache“牙痛”。故填Unless；will；have。 八、 A Good Read Teaches Me Good Manners My favorite book is The Little Prince. It teaches me two important manners.     First, it tells me to be patient and kind to others, just like the prince treats the fox. Second, it shows the importance of being polite and listening carefully when people talk. This book makes me realize that good manners are not just rules, but ways to show respect.     From now on, I will practice these manners in daily life. I will listen to my classmates carefully and speak politely to everyone around me. A good book really helps me become a better person. 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：喜爱的书籍（名称），书籍教会的良好礼仪（具体内容），践行礼仪的决心 确定人称：第一人称(I/my) 注意事项：语言简洁易懂，贴合初中生水平，突出“书籍与礼仪”的关联 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，点明喜爱的书籍及书籍的核心作用（教会重要礼仪） 主体段：分点阐述书籍教会的两种礼仪，结合书中情节（王子与狐狸）说明，点明礼仪的意义 结尾段：总结感受，表明践行礼仪的决心，升华“好书让人变得更好”的主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：喜爱的书籍 书籍选择：The Little Prince/Harry Potter/Charlotte’s Web/Treasure Island等 核心作用：teaches me good manners/helps me learn good qualities/guides me to be a better person/tells me the importance of respect等 关联阐述：It teaches me two important manners./It shows me how to treat others well./It makes me understand the true meaning of good manners.等 要点二：书籍教会的礼仪 礼仪内容1：be patient and kind to others/be friendly to people around /care about others’ feelings 具体说明：just like the prince treats the fox/just like the main character helps others/learn from the book’s characters等 礼仪内容2：be polite and listen carefully when people talk/speak politely to others /listen to others patiently等 意义阐释：good manners are not just rules, but ways to show respect/good manners help us get along well with others/showing respect to others is a good manner等 要点三：践行礼仪的决心 践行动作：practice these manners in daily life/put good manners into practice/try my best to be a polite person等 具体做法：listen to my classmates carefully and speak politely to everyone around me/help my friends when they are in need/be patient with my family and classmates等 总结升华：A good book really helps me become a better person./Reading good books can shape our character/A good read is a good teacher in our lives等 $