Unit 5 Nature's Temper重难清单+强化训练（人教版）2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末单元复习重难清单+强化训练

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(人教版2024) Unit 5 Nature's Temper 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化练习 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇 hit (v.) 击打，袭击 (常用于灾害) 例句：A typhoon hit our city last night. land (v.) 登陆，着陆 例句：The typhoon landed at 9 o'clock. blow (v.) 吹，刮 例句：The strong winds were blowing hard. beat (v.) 敲打，拍打 例句：The rain was beating against the window. warn (v.) 警告，提醒 例句：The reporter warned people to stay inside. refuse (v.) 拒绝 例句：He refused to give up. sweep (v.) 扫过，席卷 例句：The tsunami swept through the village. rock (v.) 摇晃，震动 例句：The earthquake rocked the building. store (v.) 储存，储备 例句：We stored food and water for the emergency. prepare (v.) 准备 例句：Did you prepare for the worst? happen (v.) 发生 例句：What happened when the tornado hit? panic (v.) 惊慌，恐慌 例句：People began to panic when they saw the floodwater. drought (n.) 干旱 (adj. dry) 例句：The heatwave caused a serious drought. wildfire (n.) 野火，森林大火 例句：The firefighters fought the wildfire bravely. snowstorm (n.) 暴风雪 例句：We were stuck at home because of the snowstorm. awful (adj.) 糟糕的，可怕的 例句：It was an awful experience. calm (adj.) 平静的，镇静的 例句：The weather can be very calm in the eye of a typhoon. thick (adj.) 浓厚的，厚的 例句：There was thick black smoke in the sky. strange (adj.) 奇怪的，陌生的 例句：Tilly noticed something strange on the beach. safe (adj.) 安全的 例句：Thankfully, her family made it to safety. 核心短语 natural disaster 自然灾害 take place 发生 at the time of 在……时候 while doing sth 当某人正在做某事时 when sth happened 当某事发生时 move off 把……移开 cover... with... 用……覆盖…… store food and water 储存食物和水 emergency supplies 应急物资 find one's way home 找到回家的路 get into an accident 卷入事故 almost hit 差点撞上 look for 寻找 wait for 等待 hear about 听说 believe in 相信 jump into action 立即行动 rush to do sth 匆忙去做某事 clear the streets 清理街道 put out 扑灭（火） stay away from 远离 be ready for 为……做好准备 be careful 小心 pay attention to 注意 step outside 走到户外 核心句型 What was/were ... doing when ... ? (过去进行时与一般过去时的连用) 例句：What were you doing when the typhoon hit? ... was/were doing ... while ... was/were doing ... 例句：I was travelling on the train while it was snowing heavily. While we were driving home, the strong winds started.当我们开车回家时，强风开始刮起来了。 It was raining hard while we were driving back.当我们开车返回时，雨下得很大。 Did you know that ... ? 例句：Did you know that a typhoon was coming? I'm sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。 That's good! / That's terrible!太好了！/ 太糟糕了！ We almost got into an accident.我们差点出了车祸。 The house looked awful!房子看起来糟透了！ Luckily, we covered our windows...幸运的是，我们用东西盖住了窗户…… We stored food and water too.我们也储存了食物和水。 Are you OK?你还好吗？是的，我安全了。/ 不太好。 What happened?发生什么事了？ I'll do that next time.下次我会那样做的。 This true story shows that...这个真实的故事表明…… Thanks to ... , ...多亏了……，…… One ... was able to save ...一个人成功挽救了…… The sky was growing darker and darker.天空变得越来越黑。 The world outside was growing whiter and whiter.外面的世界变得越来越白。 语法要点 本单元的核心语法是 过去进行时 (Past Continuous Tense)。 基本结构： was / were + 动词的现在分词 (doing) I / He / She / It 用 was You / We / They 用 were 主要用法： 表示过去某时正在进行的动作： 通常和 at 8 o'clock last night, this time yesterday, 或者 when 引导的从句连用。 例句：What were you doing at the time of the rainstorm? 与一般过去时连用，表示“一个长动作”被“一个短动作”打断： 句型： While + 主语 + was/were doing..., 主语 + did... (或者 When + 主语 + did..., 主语 + was/were doing...) 例句：While we were having dinner, the power went out. 表示两个动作在过去同时进行： 句型： While + 主语 + was/were doing..., 主语 + was/were doing... 例句：While my father was cooking, my mother was cleaning. 阅读/写作必备表达 be ready for 为……做好准备 make preparations 做准备 stay safe 保持安全 in a safe place 在安全的地方 emergency kit 应急包 first aid 急救 rescue workers 救援人员 volunteers 志愿者 clear away 清除 bring ... to safety 把……带到安全地带 protect ... from ... 保护……免受…… damage (n./v.) 破坏，损坏 injure (v.) 受伤 survive (v.) 幸存 survival (n.) 幸存 knowledge (n.) 知识 quick thinking 快速反应/思维 save one's life 挽救某人的生命 It is important to ... 做……是重要的 We should ... 我们应该…… 写作范文 （主题： 假如你是Jenny，请根据Section B 4a中的提示，写一篇短文讲述你在龙卷风（tornado）那天的经历。） A Terrible Tornado Last Friday was a terrible day for my family and me. It started when I looked up from the beach and saw thick black clouds forming in the sky. The rain began to beat heavily against our roof. My dad shouted, "Quick, this way!" We all ran to the safe room at once. While we were waiting inside, my little sister started to cry because she was scared. To make her happy, my dad told her a funny story. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. When we stepped outside, the sun was shining, but the scene was awful. There was floodwater everywhere, and many trees had fallen down. People were asking each other if they were safe, while some volunteers were starting to clear the streets. Although the tornado was scary, I was glad that my family stayed together and we were all safe. 译文： 可怕的龙卷风 上周五对我来说和我的家人来说都是糟糕的一天。当我在海滩上抬头看到厚厚的乌云在天空中形成时，事情开始了。雨开始猛烈地敲打着我们的屋顶。 我爸爸大喊：“快，这边！”我们立刻都跑到了安全屋。当我们躲在里面等待时，我妹妹因为害怕开始哭了起来。为了让她开心，我爸爸给她讲了一个有趣的故事。很快，她又笑了起来。 最后，暴风雨过去了。当我们走到户外时，阳光明媚，但景象很糟糕。到处都是洪水，许多树都倒下了。人们在互相询问是否安全，而一些志愿者已经开始清理街道。 虽然龙卷风很可怕，但我很高兴我的家人团结在一起，而且我们都安全了。 ◇Part 02 单元综合强化练习 Unit 5 Nature's Temper单元复习强化卷（人教版2024） 一、单项选择 1．This is the ________ movie I have ever watched—I felt bored and fell asleep halfway. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 2．While I was walking home from school, Tony ________ me and told me the good news. A．calls B．is calling C．called D．was calling 3．While my sister ________ TV, I was listening to music in the living room. A．watches B．watched C．were watching D．was watching 4．—What ________ you ________ when the teacher came into the classroom? —I was reading an English storybook. A．do; do B．did; do C．were; doing D．are; doing 5．My little sister ________ toys while I was reading books. A．is playing B．plays C．played D．was playing 6． Sometimes, typhoons cause high waves and flood the areas ________. A．near the coast B．in the mountains C．in the desert D．far from the sea 7．—Time to ________. Look! The sun is out. —OK. I know, Mom. A．wake up B．make up C．pick up D．put up 8．—How was your trip? —Not good. ________ we didn’t have enough time, we had to visit some places of interest quickly. A．Until B．Since C．Before D．If 9．Last Sunday, I met a ________ of mine at the supermarket. A．relative B．relation C．relationship D．relativity 10．—The date May 12th is unforgettable to most people in Sichuan. —That’s true. My parents can still remember what they ________ when that earthquake happened. A．are doing B．did C．were doing D．have done 11．—What’s the matter? — I ________ down while I ________ on the ice. I got hurt badly. A．was falling, skated B．fell, was skating C．fell, skated D．was falling, skating 12．Before buying this computer, I read plenty of ________ from its users online to learn about its quality. A．notices B．photos C．reviews D．excuses 13．—Did you use to ________ your diary in the bookcase? —Yes, I did. I didn’t want my parents to read it. A．write B．return C．hide D．cheer 14．Glad to see you again. It has been almost three years ______ we met last time. A．until B．before C．since D．while 15．Bob has ________ in learning math well, so he’s often worried about it. A．fun B．interest C．trouble D．question 16．—I called you last night, but no one answered. —Sorry, I ________ to music with my headphones on. A．listen B．listened C．was listening D．have listened 17．Jack hurt his leg when playing soccer. ________, he had to stay at home for three weeks. A．In the end B．On the way C．At a time D．As a result 18．—What were you doing when the typhoon warning ________? —I was doing chores with my mother. A．went away B．went off C．took off D．got off 19．—How long did it take the workers to ________ the damage caused by the flood? —It took them about a month to repair the houses and roads. A．record B．repair C．describe D．forget 20．The weather report ________ us of the coming flood and advised us to prepare in advance. A．warned B．protected C．rescued D．damaged 21．—A ________ storm hit our city last night, and it blew down many street lights. —I was so scared that I didn’t dare to go out. A．calm B．violent C．light D．weak 22．We need to make enough _________ for the coming snowstorm. A．preparations B．suggestions C．achievements D．solutions 23．—What do you think of the novel The Harry Potter?    —Excellent. I’ve read many good _________ of it online. A．records B．replies C．reports D．reviews 24．Make sure you follow the instructions, or things could ________. A．get over B．give up C．go wrong D．take back 25．A reporter from the local TV station will ________ the hero who saved three children from the fire. A．warn B．refuse C．review D．interview 二、完形填空 A 先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 A terrible storm swept through my village last month. It started at around 2:00 p.m. and 26 for only 30 minutes. But it brought us a big 27 . More than 30 houses were 28 down. Windows were broken and roofs were damaged. Many people were hurt 29 and taken to the hospital. Over one hundred people were 30 after the storm. I was one of them, and I also 31 my home. I still 32 that I was chatting with my parents when I heard a strange and loud noise. A few minutes later, our house 33 . We were stuck in the house, but we tried every means to climb out. But after climbing out, we couldn’t 34 my little brother. So my father went back to the fallen house 35 and took him out. I went out and found the village in a(n) 36 . Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. Just then I 37 someone calling for help from my neighbor Mr. Wang’s fallen house. I told my father and we ran to 38 him. The storm was very strong, but all the neighbors helped each other to fight 39 it. Although the storm broke many things apart (分开) , it brought people 40 together. 26．A．began B．repeated C．left D．lasted 27．A．surprise B．disaster C．truth D．business 28．A．poured B．copied C．blown D．broken 29．A．luckily B．badly C．clearly D．loudly 30．A．homeless B．careless C．meaningless D．useless 31．A．took B．bought C．lost D．got 32．A．learn B．tell C．persuade D．remember 33．A．gave away B．set up C．fell down D．worked out 34．A．forget B．find C．hide D．number 35．A．heavily B．quickly C．hardly D．proudly 36．A．mess B．order C．need D．moment 37．A．believed B．depended C．reported D．heard 38．A．save B．kill C．beat D．carry 39．A．against B．for C．with D．on 40．A．further B．closer C．deadlier D．worse B 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last winter, a heavy snowstorm hit our city. It was the most unforgettable experience of my life. The snow 41 non-stop for two days, and the wind 42 very strongly. My family and I stayed at home, but we felt really 43 Suddenly, we heard a big crash (巨响). Our old fence (栅栏) 44 down and blocked (堵塞) the door. The power went out, and the room became cold 45 . My mom told us to move to the living room with blankets, hot water, and candles. The storm lasted for 46 hours. During the night, we could hear the wind howling and snow hitting the windows. My little brother was scared, but I tried to stay 47 . I told him the storm would end soon. 48 the sun came up the next morning, the snow finally stopped. We went outside and saw many cars 49 under the snow. Some roofs were damaged. Luckily, no one in our neighborhood got 50 . We were safe, but I will never forget that snowy night. 41．A．fell B．fall C．falls D．fallen 42．A．blew B．grew C．flew D．drove 43．A．excited B．nervous C．interested D．surprised 44．A．hit B．cut C．broke D．put 45．A．nowhere B．anywhere C．somewhere D．everywhere 46．A．few B．little C．several D．much 47．A．calm B．silent C．quiet D．still 48．A．After B．Before C．When D．While 49．A．lying B．standing C．hiding D．sitting 50．A．ill B．hurt C．afraid D．terrible 三、阅读理解 A What You Need to Know About Typhoons What is a typhoon? A typhoon is a large, spinning (旋转的) storm that happens in the western Pacific Ocean. What should we prepare for a typhoon? Check the news for bad weather. When a typhoon comes, read weather reports every six hours. Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking. Fix windows with strong boards. Prepare flashlights with new batteries. Also get candles and matches. Make sure they are within our reach. Prepare an emergency kit with first aid, including cotton balls, masks, scissors etc. Plan the route ahead if you need to move to a safer area. 51．How many tips are there in the text? A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7 52．What kind of food should we store for a typhoon? A．Icy food. B．Fast food only. C．Food that needs cooking. D．Food that is ready to eat. 53．What should we put within our reach according to the text? ①flashlights  ②food  ③candles  ④boards A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 54．Which picture is the best for “”? A． B． C． D． 55．The text is probably from ________. A．a novel B．a safety guide C．a storybook D．a health magazine B The Floating Gardens of Bangladesh (孟加拉国) In Bangladesh, a country that experiences frequent floods, farmers have found a clever way to grow food even when their land is underwater. They create floating gardens. For centuries, farmers in this South Asian nation have used water hyacinths (水葫芦) to build floating rafts(木筏). They collect the plants, let them dry slightly, and then layer them together to form a platform. On these floating beds, they grow vegetables like spinach, eggplant, and pumpkins. “When the floods come, our land disappears under water,” explained farmer Muhammad Islam, “but our gardens float. We don’t lose our crops.” The floating gardens do more than just provide food. They also create jobs for women in rural (乡村的) communities. Women help build the rafts and harvest the vegetables, earning money for their families. Climate change has made flooding more terrible in Bangladesh. Sea levels are rising, and storms are becoming stronger. For many farmers, floating gardens are no longer just a tradition, they are a necessity. Scientists from around the world have come to study these gardens. They believe the technique could help farmers in other flood-prone (易涝的) countries, such as Vietnam and Myanmar. “This is traditional knowledge that is becoming more valuable every year,” said Dr. Amina Rahman, a researcher from Dhaka University.“The farmers figured out how to live with nature instead of fighting against it.” Today, more than 100,000 families in Bangladesh use floating gardens. The government is helping to spread the technique to other regions. As one farmer put it, “The water used to be our enemy. Now we have learned to make it our friend.” 56．What problem do farmers in Bangladesh face? A．They don’t have enough land for farming. B．The soil is too dry for growing vegetables. C．Their land often floods and goes underwater. D．They don’t have enough workers to farm. 57．How do farmers create floating gardens? A．They build wooden platforms above the water. B．They use water hyacinths to build floating rafts. C．They grow vegetables directly in the river. D．They use rafts to take water out of the fields. 58．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．the water B．the technique C．the floating garden D．the land 59．What can we infer from the passage? A．Floating gardens cost much money. B．Floating gardens suit flood-prone areas. C．Only simple fruits are grown here. D．It is a new modern invention for farming. 60．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Terrible floods in Bangladesh. B．Ways for village women to make money. C．Useful floating gardens in Bangladesh. D．Traditional food in South Asia. C My name is George. When I was in middle school, I experienced a strong earthquake. When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying. I was scared and even thought of the end of the world. When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground. We saw that the whole school was in a mess. Teachers tried to find all the students and make sure everyone was safe. As we stood on the playground, we could still feel the aftershocks. After making sure it was safe, teachers called our parents to take us home. My house suffered some damage (损坏). The bookcases fell onto the floor and some things were broken. But I felt happy that we were all safe. In the following days, we learned that the earthquake caused a lot of damage to the city. Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family. I was sad to hear that. Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now. We never know when they will happen, but we can find ways to protect ourselves and our family. 61．Where was George when the ground started shaking? A．At home. B．On the playground. C．In the classroom. D．Near the school. 62．What is the meaning of the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 4? A．Fell down. B．Went up. C．Took away. D．Got over. 63．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage? ①George saw damage to his house. ②George’s classmates were shouting and crying. ③George was listening to the teacher carefully. ④The teachers took the students to the playground. A．②③①④ B．③②④① C．②④③① D．③④②① 64．How did George’s feelings change according to the passage? A．scared→sad→hopeful→happy B．happy→hopeful→scared→sad C．scared→happy→sad→hopeful D．sad→scared→happy→hopeful 65．What did George learn from the event? A．The reason why earthquakes happen. B．The place to stay when one is in danger. C．The best time to run away from danger. D．The importance of preparing for natural disasters. D ① Have you ever seen a huge wave in the sea? Usually, waves are caused by wind, but sometimes, they come from a terrible natural disaster — tsunamis (海啸). A tsunami is a series of large waves caused by movements under the sea. It can be very dangerous. ② What causes a tsunami? The most common cause is an underwater earthquake. When the sea floor suddenly moves up or down, it displaces a large amount of water. This water moves outward in all directions, forming big waves. Other causes include underwater volcanoes erupting (火山爆发) or huge landslides falling into the ocean. ③ How is it different from normal waves? Normal wind-driven waves only affect the surface of the water. They are short and fast. However, in the deep ocean, a tsunami has a very long wavelength. It looks like a normal wave at first, but it is actually very powerful. Ships in the deep ocean may not feel a tsunami passing by. ④ The danger near the shore (海岸) When a tsunami gets close to the coast, the water becomes shallow. The wave slows down, but its height rises quickly. The water can rise up to 30 meters high. Remember, the first wave is not always the biggest one. Tsunamis can bring a lot of destruction to towns and villages. ⑤ How to stay safe? To reduce the damage, scientists use special machines to detect tsunamis early. If you are near the beach and feel an earthquake or see the seawater recede (退去) suddenly, run to the nearest hill as fast as you can. 66．What is the passage mainly about? A．A kind of natural disaster — tsunami. B．Ways to stop earthquakes. C．How to keep away from winds. D．Different kinds of ocean waves. 67．Normal waves are caused by ________. A．landslides B．earthquakes C．volcanoes D．wind 68．Why can’t ships in deep ocean feel a tsunami? A．Because the tsunami is too small. B．Because the tsunami is long and low there. C．Because ships are moving very fast. D．Because the water is very warm. 69．What does the writer advise us to do when we meet a tsunami? A．Stand near the sea and watch. B．Take photos of the waves. C．Run to higher ground quickly. D．Go swimming in the sea. 70．Which diagram best shows the structure of the passage? A．①②-③④-⑤ B．①-②③④-⑤ C．①②③④-⑤ D．①-②③④⑤ E On March 15, a serious wildfire suddenly swept across a large wild forest in Yajiang County, Sichuan Province. Luckily, no people lost their lives in this terrible accident. Wildfires are really dangerous natural disasters. They can spread very quickly and burn large areas of green trees and dry grass in a short time, bringing great harm to the natural environment. ① Wildfires happen very often in spring in China In 2023, there were 328 wildfires across our country. 147 of them broke out in March and April, making up almost half of the whole year’s wildfires. These fires not only damaged forests but also brought trouble to the lives of local people ②________ There is little rainfall in many places, especially in Southwest China, so the air and plants become very dry. Dry plants turn easy to catch fire when they start to grow and come back to life after winter. Besides, strong winds are quite usual in spring. They make wildfires spread much faster and more widely in the open air, making it harder to put out the fire. ③ Useful ways to protect yourself from wildfires When you meet wildfires, stay calm first. It helps you make right and wise decisions and avoid making mistakes. Always stay upwind of the fire to keep away from the smoke and flames. Move to safe places at once if the wind turns dangerous. If you are surrounded by fire, cover your body with wet clothes or a wet quilt and find places with water, like rivers or pools. Wide empty roads can also keep you away from the fire safely until help arrives. 71．What percent of wildfires in China happened in March and April in 2023? A．Almost 20%. B．Almost 50%. C．Almost 80%. D．Almost 90%. 72．Which of the following can be put in “________”. A．Plants survive in spring wildfires B．Terrible weather in Spring. C．Main reasons for spring wildfires D．Different ways to put out wildfires 73．Which of the following may cause spring wildfires? ①little rainfall and dry plants    ②strong winds in spring    ③dry air after winter  ④cutting down trees A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 74．Which of the following pictures shows the right way to protect yourself from wildfires? A． B． C． D． 75．What is the main idea of this passage? A．To ask people to plant more trees. B．To introduce spring wildfires and ways to keep safe. C．To tell a story about a wildfire in Sichuan. D．To tell us how terrible the environment is. F A little knowledge can make a difference at a time of life or death. May 12th is China’s National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day (防灾减灾日). It helps people learn more about keeping safe in disasters. 76 Disasters like earthquakes may happen all of a sudden, so we need to know how to safeguard ourselves. Stay calm when an earthquake happens. 77 Do not scream or run around, or you will get into trouble. Do not run out at once if you are indoors. 78 Hide under a strong desk or table to protect your head. Stay away from windows, heavy furniture or anything that may fall on you. 79 Make sure you are far from dangerous things. Never stand under tall buildings, trees or power lines. After the shaking stops, there is still much to do. Check if you are hurt and use simple first aid. 80 It is necessary to call for help so that firefighters and volunteers will come to rescue you soon. Follow these rules, and you can stay much safer in an earthquake. A．Being calm can help you make the right choice. B．Please remember that danger does not end right away. C．It is important to find a safe place to hide at once. D．Go to a nearby open place right away if you are outdoors. E．It is also a day to tell people how to stay away from accidents. F．Staying safe is the most important rule for every student. G．Go into a tall building right away when you are outside. 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Natural dangerous events can happen anywhere and at any time. Earthquakes, floods, storms, and wildfires are just a few examples of nature’s powerful forces. While you can’t stop these events, you can learn how to protect yourself and others. The first step is to know the latest news. You can listen to weather reports and important warnings on the radio or your phone. Many countries have warning systems for earthquakes, typhoons, and floods. If you hear a warning, take it seriously and act quickly. Next, make a safety plan with your family. Decide where to meet if you get separated. Prepare an emergency bag with water, food, a torch, a medical box and important papers. Practice what to do during different kinds of dangerous events, like “Drop, Cover, and Hold on” during an earthquake. During a dangerous event, stay calm. If you are indoors, stay away from windows and heavy furniture. If you are outside, move to an open area away from trees, buildings, and electric lines. After the event, avoid damaged areas and listen to adults or police for instructions. Being prepared can save lives. We should respect nature’s power and learn to live safely with it. 81．What natural dangerous events are mentioned in the passage? 82．What can you listen to on the radio or your phone? 83．What should you prepare with your family? 84．What should you do if you are indoors during a dangerous event? 85．What can we learn from the passage? 五、短文填空 阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters. Unlike typhoons or floods, they strike without warning. 86 (receive) a three-second warning can save lives—enough time to hide under a strong table. When an earthquake happens, two types of seismic waves (地震波) travel at different 87 (speed). The faster wave causes little damage, 88 the slower wave brings strong shaking that can destroy buildings. This technology 89 (use) in many countries today, including Japan and Mexico. Last year, a big earthquake 90 (hit) Nepal. Thousands of buildings fell down, and over 8,000 people lost their lives. 91 warning system is not perfect, however. People near the epicenter (震中) may get no warning at all because the destructive wave arrives almost immediately. Some people have become less 92 (concern) about alerts after several false alarms, which is dangerous. Scientists believe that AI 93 (analyze) seismic data more quickly in the near future, possibly extending warning times to 30 seconds. If you live in an earthquake-prone (地震多发) area, prepare an emergency kit (应急包) with water, food, and a flashlight. Stay away 94 windows and heavy furniture during shaking. Many people 95 (prepare) their kits already, but others have not. Remember: those few seconds of preparation could save your life. 六、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一次，每词限用一次。 prepare  luck    happen  a   be   to   expect  easy  thing    important Earthquakes happen all the time around the world. Sometimes they are just too small for people 96 feel. But when a serious earthquake 97 , it can be very sudden and dangerous. 98 , here are some safety tips for you to follow. To begin with, you must know where to hide. If you are indoors,hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. Or you can sit in the corner of the walls. If you are outdoors, find 99 open area and stay away from trees and power lines. In this way, you can keep off danger more 100 .Besides,always prepare an emergency kit at home. In the kit, you should keep enough food and water, a flashlight, a knife, a strong rope, and other useful 101 . Being prepared may help save your life. Most 102 ,as students, you need to take part in the safety training at school.It can help you put your knowledge into practice. For example, when the strong shaking stops, you should not move around right away. Sometimes,there will 103 some aftershocks, and they can be quite dangerous,too. No one 104 to experience an earthquake, but no one knows whether they will have the bad luck. So, to increase our chance of surviving the natural disaster, we must always be 105 . 七、完成句子 106．由于暴风雨，许多学生上学迟到了。 Many students were late for school ________ ________ the rainstorm. 107．昨天晚上九点，她正在弹钢琴。 She ________ ________ the piano at nine last night. 108．我妈妈做饭的时候，我正在写作业。 I was doing my homework ________ my mother ________ ________. 109．我们的英语老师像往常一样以一个故事开始了这堂课。 Our English teacher started the class with a story ________ ________. 110．电梯开到十楼时出了故障。 The lift ________ ________ when it came to the tenth floor. 111．当大暴雪来临时，你应该待在室内保暖。 When a heavy snowstorm happens, you should ________ ________ to keep yourself warm. 112．贝蒂听说许多动物处于危险之中，感到很难过。 Betty was sad to ________ ________ so many animals in danger. 113．外面风很大，灯都熄灭了。 The wind was blowing strongly outside, and the lights ________ ________. 114．跑了四十分钟后，他上气不接下气。 After running for forty minutes, he was ________ ________ ________. 115．对我们来说，提前为自然灾害做准备是很有必要的。 It’s necessary for us to ________ ________ natural disasters in advance. 八、书面表达 假如你是李华，小圈子英语角正在举行以“防震减灾，守护生命”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下表格中的提示内容，写一篇英文短文投稿，谈谈我们应该如何在地震中进行自我保护。 How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Inside should stay away from windows and heavy furniture… shouldn’t jump from high buildings not take a lift Outside should move to clear areas keep away from tall buildings shouldn’t stand under trees… 要求: 1 参考提示内容，可适当发挥。 2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。 3.文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等)。 4.词数：不少于80词。(开头已给出，但不计入总词数) How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Earthquakes are very terrible. It is very important for us to know some ways to protect ourselves from the earthquakes. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________       参考答案 一、 1．D 【解析】句意：这是我看过的最差的电影——我觉得无聊，中途睡着了。 better更好的（比较级）；best最好的（最高级）；worse更差的（比较级）；worst最差的（最高级）。根据后句“I felt bored and fell asleep”可知，电影很无聊，且题干“I have ever watched”表示比较范围，应用形容词最高级，表示“最差的”，应填worst。 2．C 【解析】句意：当我正从学校走回家时，托尼打电话给我并告诉了我那个好消息。 根据“While I was walking home from school”，从句为过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作，主句中“told”为一般过去时，由“and”连接并列谓语，空处也应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的短暂动作。应用called。 3．D 【解析】句意：当我妹妹正在看电视时，我正在客厅里听音乐。 根据后半句“I was listening to music”可知句子时态为过去进行时，while引导的从句表示两个动作同时发生，也应用过去进行时。主语my sister是第三人称单数，be动词用was，应填was watching。 4．C 【解析】句意：——当老师走进教室时你正在做什么？——我正在读一本英语故事书。 根据答语“I was reading an English storybook.”可知，句子时态为过去进行时；when引导的时间状语从句表示过去的具体时刻，主句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing；主语是you，be动词用were。 5．D 【解析】句意：当我在读书的时候，我的小妹妹正在玩玩具。 根据从句“while I was reading books”可知，主句动作表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + doing”。主语My little sister为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选was playing。 6．A 【解析】句意：有时，台风会引起巨浪并淹没沿海地区。 near the coast在海岸附近/沿海；in the mountains在山里；in the desert在沙漠中；far from the sea远离大海。根据句中关键词“typhoons”和“high waves”提示的自然常识可知，巨浪由海上产生，其引发的洪水灾害最直接影响的是靠近海边的区域，所以用near the coast。 7．A 【解析】句意：——该起床了。看！太阳出来了。——好的。我知道，妈妈。 wake up醒来；make up编造；pick up捡起；put up张贴。根据“Look! The sun is out.”可知太阳出来了，说明是早晨，妈妈叫孩子起床，wake up符合语境。 8．B 【解析】句意：——你的旅行怎么样？——不好。因为我们时间不够，我们不得不快速参观了一些名胜古迹。   Until直到；Since因为/自从；Before在……之前；If如果。根据“we didn’t have enough time”和“had to visit quickly”可知，前后为因果关系，需用Since引导原因状语从句，应填Since。 9．A 【解析】句意：上周日，我在超市遇到了一位我的亲戚。 relative亲戚；relation关系；relationship关系；relativity相对论。根据“met”和“at the supermarket”可知，此处指遇见某个人，relative意为“亲戚”，符合语境。 10．C 【解析】句意：——5月12日对于大多数四川人来说是难以忘记的。——是真的。我父母仍然记得当地震发生时他们正在做什么。 根据“when that earthquake happened”可知，此处表示当地震发生时他们正在做什么，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语they是复数形式，be动词用were，应填were doing。 11．B 【解析】句意：——怎么了？——我在冰上滑冰时摔倒了。我伤得很重。 第一个空表示“摔倒”这一短暂动作，发生在过去，应用一般过去时fell；第二个空表示“滑冰”这一持续动作，发生在过去某一时刻，应用过去进行时was skating。while引导的时间状语从句中常用进行时，主句用一般过去时表示短暂动作。应填fell, was skating。 12．C 【解析】句意：在买这台电脑之前，我在网上阅读了很多来自用户的评论，来了解它的质量。 notices通知；photos照片；reviews评论；excuses借口。根据“from its users online to learn about its quality”可知，需要通过用户的评价来了解产品，reviews符合语境。 13．C 【解析】句意：——你过去经常把你的日记藏在书柜里吗？ ——是的，我经常这样。我不想让我的父母看它。 write写；return归还；hide藏；cheer欢呼。根据答语“I didn’t want my parents to read it.”可知，不想让父母看日记，所以是把日记藏起来。故填hide。 14．C 【解析】句意：很高兴再次见到你。自从我们上次见面已经快三年了。 until直到；before在……之前；since自从；while当……时。根据“It has been almost three years ... we met last time”可知，此处是固定句型“It has been +时间段+ since +一般过去时从句”，表示“自从……以来已经多长时间了”。 15．C 【解析】句意：鲍勃在学好数学方面有困难，所以他经常为此担心。 fun乐趣；interest兴趣；trouble困难；question问题。根据“so he’s often worried about it”可知，后半句提到经常担心，说明学习数学存在困难，固定搭配have trouble in doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。应填trouble。 16．C 【解析】句意：——我昨晚给你打电话了，但是没人接。——抱歉，我当时正戴着耳机听音乐。 根据“I called you last night”可知，其中“last night”表明时间背景发生在过去，打电话的瞬间，“听音乐”的动作正在进行，应用过去进行时。 17．D 【解析】句意：杰克踢足球时伤了腿。结果，他不得不在家待了三周。 In the end最终；On the way在路上；At a time一次；As a result结果。根据“Jack hurt his leg when playing soccer.”和“he had to stay at home for three weeks.”可知，前后句是因果关系，受伤导致在家休息，As a result意为“结果”，符合语境。 18．B 【解析】句意：——台风警报响起时你在做什么？——我正在和我妈妈一起做家务。 went away离开；went off (警报) 响起/爆炸；took off脱下/起飞；got off下车。根据“the typhoon warning” (台风警报) 可知，警报应是“响起”，应填“went off”。 19．B 【解析】句意：——工人们花费了多长时间去修复洪水造成的损害？——花费了他们大约一个月时间去修理房屋和道路。 record记录；repair修理；describe描述；forget忘记。根据答语“It took them about a month to repair the houses and roads.”可知，工人们花费时间去修理房屋和道路，即修复洪水造成的损害，问句空缺处应填表示“修理/修复”的词。 20．A 【解析】句意：天气预报警告我们即将到来的洪水，并建议我们提前准备。 warned警告；protected保护；rescued救援；damaged损坏。根据“advised us to prepare in advance”及“coming flood”可知，面对洪水灾害，天气预报起到警示作用，固定搭配warn sb. of sth.意为“警告某人某事”。 21．B 【解析】句意：——昨晚一场猛烈的风暴袭击了我们的城市，它吹倒了许多路灯。——我太害怕了以至于不敢出去。 calm平静的；violent猛烈的；light轻的；weak弱的。根据“it blew down many street lights”可知风暴威力很大，吹倒了路灯，推测出是猛烈的风暴。 22．A 【解析】句意：我们需要为即将到来的暴风雪做好足够的准备。   preparations准备；suggestions建议；achievements成就；solutions解决方案。根据“for the coming snowstorm”及常识可知，应对暴风雪需要提前准备，preparations符合语境，固定搭配“make preparations for”意为“为……做准备”。 23．D 【解析】句意：——你觉得《哈利·波特》这本书怎么样？——很棒。我在网上读过很多关于它的好评。 records记录；replies回复；reports报告；reviews评论。根据“Excellent. I’ve read many good…”可知，此处指对书籍的评价，应填reviews。 24．C 【解析】句意：确保你遵循说明，否则事情可能会出错。 get over克服；give up放弃；go wrong出错；take back收回。根据连词“or”可知，后半句表示不遵循说明导致的负面后果。主语是“things”，go wrong表示出错，符合句意逻辑。 25．D 【解析】句意：当地电视台的一名记者将采访那位从大火中救了三个孩子的英雄。 warn警告；refuse拒绝；review复习；interview采访。根据“A reporter”和“the hero who saved three children from the fire”可知，主语是reporter“记者”，对象是救人的英雄，记者的常规工作行为就是采访人物，interview符合语境。 二、 A 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．A 39．A 40．B 【解析】一场暴风雨席卷村庄，造成房屋倒塌、人员受伤。作者被困后获救，发现村庄一片狼藉。听到邻居呼救，他和父亲前去帮忙。这场灾难虽带来破坏，却让邻里关系更加紧密。 26．句意：它下午 2 点左右开始，只持续了 30 分钟。 空前“started at around 2:00 p.m.”描述了风暴从开始到结束的时间，“lasted”表示“持续”，符合语境。 27．句意：但它给我们带来了一场巨大的灾难。 后文“houses were blown down, windows broken”等破坏描述，说明语境为负面结果，故选用disaster。 28．句意：30 多所房屋被吹倒了。 根据主语“houses”和前文“terrible storm”可知，语境描述对房屋的破坏，固定搭配“blown down”，表示“被吹倒”，故选blown。 29．句意：许多人受了重伤，被送往医院。 根据后文“taken to the hospital”，且空处修饰“were hurt”，故填badly。 30．句意：风暴过后，一百多人无家可归。 根据前文“houses were blown down”，语境描述房屋被毁后的状态，故填homeless，与房屋被毁的结果匹配。 31．句意：我也是其中之一，我也失去了我的家。 前文“over one hundred people were homeless”指出一百多人无家可归，故填lost，与home搭配，意为“失去家园，”符合语境 32．句意：我仍然记得我正和父母聊天时，听到一阵奇怪的巨响。 根据后文回忆风暴发生时的场景可知，此处为回忆过去，故填remember。 33．句意：几分钟后，我们的房子倒塌了。 前文“heard a strange and loud noise”和后文“stuck in the house”指出该语境为描述房屋倒塌的过程，故填fell down。 34．句意：但爬出来后，我们找不到我的弟弟了。 根据后文“father went back to the fallen house and took him out”可知，此处为“找不到弟弟”，故填find。 35．句意：所以我父亲迅速回到倒塌的房子里，把他救了出来。 根据前文“couldn’t find my little brother”，语境描述父亲救人的急切状态，故填quickly，体现了救人的急迫感。 36．句意：我走出去，发现村庄一片狼藉。 后文“Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere”表现了村庄混乱的状态，故选in a mess，与后文场景匹配。 37．句意：就在这时，我听到从邻居王先生倒塌的房子里传来求救声。 后文“some help from my neighbor”指出听到了求救声，故填heard，与“求救声”搭配，符合语境。 38．句意：我告诉父亲，我们跑去救他。 前文“heard some help”表示此处为听到呼救后采取的行动，故填save。 39．句意：但所有邻居都互相帮助，与它抗争。 固定搭配“fight against”意为“与……抗争”，全文都提及人们与风暴抗争，故填against。 40．句意：虽然风暴摧毁了许多东西，但它让人们走得更近了。 前文“all the neighbors helped each other”表示了邻里相互帮助，关系密切，故填closer，与前文的互助场景呼应，形成“灾难让人们更团结”的转折关系。 B 41．A 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．B 【解析】本文讲述了作者一家在去年冬天遭遇暴风雪的经历，描写了暴风雪的肆虐、家中的状况以及家人的应对，展现了暴风雪的威力与家人的平安。 41．句意：雪连续下了两天，风刮得很猛烈。 文章整体为一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell，符合语境；fall为原形、falls为一般现在时、fallen为过去分词，均不符合时态，故排除。 42．句意：雪连续下了两天，风刮得很猛烈。 描述刮风用动词blow，其过去式为blew，符合语境；grew“成长”、flew“飞”、drove“驾驶”均不符合语境，故排除。 43．句意：我和家人待在家里，但我们感到真的很紧张。 暴风雪肆虐，家人会感到紧张不安，nervous“紧张的”，符合语境；excited“兴奋的”、interested“感兴趣的”、surprised“惊讶的”均不符合语境，故排除。 44．句意：我们的旧栅栏倒了，堵住了门。 固定搭配break down表示“倒塌/坏掉”，break的过去式为broke，符合语境；hit“撞击”、cut“切”、put“放”均不符合语境，故排除。 45．句意：停电了，房间里到处都很冷。 停电后没有取暖设备，房间里每个地方都很冷，everywhere“到处、处处”符合语境；nowhere“无处”、anywhere“任何地方（多用于否定/疑问句）”、somewhere“某处”均不符合语境，故排除。 46．句意：风暴持续了好几个小时。 hours为可数名词复数，several“几个/数个”，修饰可数名词复数，符合语境；few表否定，little/much修饰不可数名词，均不符合语境，故排除。 47．句意：我的小弟弟很害怕，但我努力保持冷静。 面对风暴，作者努力保持冷静安抚弟弟，calm“冷静的”，符合语境；silent“沉默的”、quiet“安静的”、still“静止的”均不符合语境，故排除。 48．句意：第二天早上当太阳出来时，雪终于停了。 表示“当太阳出来时”，When引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，符合语境；After“……之后”、Before“在……之前”、While“当……时候（后接进行时）”均不符合逻辑，故排除。 49．句意：我们走出去，看到许多汽车躺在雪下。 汽车被雪覆盖，像是“躺”在雪下，lying（lie的现在分词）符合语境；standing“站着”、hiding“藏着”、sitting“坐着”均不符合语境，故排除。 50．句意：幸运的是，我们街区没有人受伤。 暴风雪过后，人们关心的是是否有人受伤，hurt“受伤的”符合语境；ill“生病的”、afraid“害怕的”、terrible“糟糕的”均不符合语境，故排除。 三、 A 51．C 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．B 【分析】本文介绍了台风的概念，并详细列出了各项准备措施。 【解析】51．根据“Check the news for bad weather.”、“Store enough food and clean water.”、“Fix windows with strong boards.”、“Prepare flashlights with new batteries.”、“Prepare an emergency kit with first aid, including cotton balls, masks, scissors etc.”、“Plan the route ahead if you need to move to a safer area.”可知，文中一共给出了6条台风准备建议。 52．根据“Choose food that does not need cooking. ”可知，台风要储备不需要烹饪的食物，即无需加工、可直接食用的食品，选项D原文要求。 53．根据“Prepare flashlights with new batteries. Also get candles and matches. Make sure they are within our reach.”可知，手电筒、蜡烛和火柴需要放在随手可及的范围内。 54．根据“Plan the route ahead if you need to move to a safer area.”可知，空缺图片对应“如果需要转移到安全区域，要提前规划路线。”A选项符合题意。 55．本文介绍台风知识，讲解台风来临前的防灾准备，属于安全指南类内容。 B 56．C 57．B 58．A 59．B 60．C 【解析】本文介绍了孟加拉国农民为应对频繁洪水，发明的一种可持续农业模式——漂浮菜园，包括它的制作方法、多重作用，以及对全球易涝地区的借鉴意义。 【解析】56．根据文章第一段“In Bangladesh, a country that experiences frequent floods, farmers have found a clever way to grow food even when their land is underwater. They create floating gardens.”可知，孟加拉国农民面临的核心问题是洪水频发导致土地被淹没，无法耕种。 57．根据文章第二段中“For centuries, farmers in this South Asian nation have used water hyacinths (水葫芦) to build floating rafts(木筏). They collect the plants, let them dry slightly, and then layer them together to form a platform.”可知，农民是用水葫芦搭建浮筏来打造漂浮菜园的。 58．根据文章最后一段中“As one farmer put it, ‘The water used to be our enemy. Now we have learned to make it our friend.’”再结合上下文语境，这里的“it”指代的是前文提到的“the water”，体现了农民从对抗洪水到利用洪水的转变。 59．根据文章第六段中“They believe the technique could help farmers in other flood-prone (易涝的) countries, such as Vietnam and Myanmar.”，这说明漂浮菜园这种模式适合洪水多发、易涝的地区，是对全文内容的合理推断。 60．全文围绕孟加拉国的漂浮菜园展开，介绍了它的背景、制作方式、解决的粮食与就业问题，以及推广价值，因此核心主旨是介绍孟加拉国实用的漂浮菜园。 C 61．C 62．A 63．B 64．C 65．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者乔治在中学时经历的一次强烈地震，包括地震发生时的场景、地震后的状况以及作者从这次经历中获得的感悟。 【解析】61．第一段提到：“When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving.” 这表明当地面开始震动时，乔治正在教室里认真听老师讲课。 62．第四段提到：“Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family.” 结合前文描述地震造成很多破坏，以及后文很多人失去家园和家人，可推测出“collapsed”意思是“倒塌”，与“Fell down”意思相符。 63．第二段提到：“When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground.” 结合前文第一段“When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying.”以及第三段“My house suffered some damage (损坏).”可知，先是乔治认真听老师讲课，然后同学们开始喊叫哭泣，接着老师带学生去操场，最后乔治看到房子受损。所以顺序是③②④①。 64．第一段提到：“I was scared and even thought of the end of the world.” 说明乔治一开始很害怕；第三段提到：“But I felt happy that we were all safe.” 说明看到大家都安全后他很高兴；第四段提到：“I was sad to hear that.” 说明听到很多人失去家园和家人他很伤心；最后一段提到：“I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now.” 说明他现在对安全更有希望了。所以乔治的感情变化是scared→happy→sad→hopeful。 65．最后一段提到：“Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters.” 这表明乔治从这次事件中学到了为自然灾害做好准备的重要性。 D 66．A 67．D 68．B 69．C 70．B 【解析】本文介绍了海啸的成因、特点、危害及避险方法，让读者了解这一自然灾害并学会如何安全应对。 66．全文围绕海啸这种自然灾害展开，分别介绍了它的定义、成因、特点、危害和逃生方法，主旨就是介绍海啸这种自然灾害。 67．原文第一段明确提到“Usually, waves are caused by wind”，可知普通海浪的成因是风。 68．原文第三段提到“in the deep ocean, a tsunami has a very long wavelength. It looks like a normal wave at first, but it is actually very powerful. Ships in the deep ocean may not feel a tsunami passing by.”，海啸在深海波长很长、浪高很低，因此深海里的船很难察觉到海啸经过。 69．原文最后一段提到“If you are near the beach and feel an earthquake or see the seawater recede (退去) suddenly, run to the nearest hill as fast as you can.”，如果在海边遇到海啸征兆，要尽快跑到最近的高地。 70．通读全文内容，第一段引出海啸话题，第二三四段分别介绍海啸的成因、与普通海浪的区别、海岸边的危险，第五段介绍如何避险，因此结构是 ①-②③④-⑤。 E 71．B 72．C 73．A 74．D 75．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了春季森林火灾的发生情况、主要原因以及火灾中的自我保护方法。 71．文章第二段“In 2023, there were 328 wildfires across our country. 147 of them broke out in March and April, making up almost half of the whole year’s wildfires.”指出，2023年3月和4月发生的森林火灾几乎占全年的50%。 72．文章第三段主要分析了春季山火频发的原因，包括降雨少、空气干燥、植物干枯以及春季风大等，因此小标题应为“春季山火的主要原因”。 73．文章第三段“There is little rainfall in many places…so the air and plants become very dry. Dry plants turn easy to catch fire…Besides, strong winds are quite usual in spring.”指出，少雨干燥、植物干燥、春季大风是引发火灾的原因。 74．文章第四段“If you are surrounded by fire, cover your body with wet clothes or a wet quilt”指出，如果你被火包围，用湿衣服或湿被子盖住你的身体。 75．全文介绍了春季山火的频发情况和原因，并给出了自我保护的方法，因此主旨是“介绍春季山火及安全防护方法”。 F 76．E 77．A 78．C 79．D 80．B 【解析】本文讲述了中国防灾减灾日的意义，并着重介绍了在地震发生时及发生后应如何保障自身安全，号召人们学习相关知识以应对灾害。 76．前文提到“It helps people learn more about keeping safe in disasters.”，E项“It is also a day to tell people how to stay away from accidents.”，进一步阐述了防灾减灾日的意义，与前文逻辑连贯，符合语境。 77．前文提到“Stay calm when an earthquake happens.”，A项“Being calm can help you make the right choice.”，解释了为什么要保持冷静，与前文紧密相连，符合语境。 78．前文提到“Do not run out at once if you are indoors.”，C项“It is important to find a safe place to hide at once.”，承接上文，说明了在室内时应该采取的行动，符合语境。 79．后文提到“Make sure you are far from dangerous things. Never stand under tall buildings, trees or power lines.”，D项“Go to a nearby open place right away if you are outdoors.”，与后文描述的户外安全措施相呼应，符合语境。 80．前文提到“Check if you are hurt and use simple first aid.”，后文提到“It is necessary to call for help so that firefighters and volunteers will come to rescue you soon.”，B项“Please remember that danger does not end right away.”，承上启下，说明在地震后仍需保持警惕，符合语境。 四、 81．Earthquakes, floods, storms, wildfires and typhoons. 82．Weather reports and important warnings. 83．An emergency bag (with water, food, a light, a medical box and important papers). 84．Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. 85．We should respect nature’s power and get prepared for natural dangerous events. 【解析】本文介绍了常见的自然灾害，给出了收听预警、制定安全计划、准备应急包等应对灾害的实用建议，强调了敬畏自然、提前准备的重要性。 81．第一段：“Earthquakes, floods, storms, and wildfires are just a few examples of nature’s powerful forces.”和第二段“Many countries have warning systems for earthquakes, typhoons, and floods.”文中提到的自然灾害有地震、洪水、风暴、野火和台风。直接提取原文即可。 82．第二段指出：“You can listen to weather reports and important warnings on the radio or your phone.”我们可以通过收音机或手机收听天气预报和重要预警。直接提取原文即可。 83．第三段指出：“Prepare an emergency bag with water, food, a torch, a medical box and important papers.”我们应和家人准备一个装有水、食物、手电筒、药箱和重要文件的应急包。直接提取原文即可。 84．第四段指出：“If you are indoors, stay away from windows and heavy furniture.”可知，在室内遇到危险事件时，应远离窗户和沉重家具。直接提取原文即可。 85．最后一段“Being prepared can save lives. We should respect nature’s power and learn to live safely with it.”文章主旨是呼吁人们敬畏自然力量，为自然灾害做好准备。 五、 86．Receiving 87．speeds 88．but/while 89．is used 90．hit 91．The 92．concerned 93．will analyze 94．from 95．have prepared 【解析】本文主要介绍了地震的特点和预警技术的现状，并给出了地震多发地区的防灾准备建议。 86．句意：获得三秒钟的预警时间就能够挽救生命——这段时间足以躲到坚固的桌子底下。动名词作主语，receive的动名词形式receiving，句首首字母大写。 87．句意：当地震发生时，两种地震波会以不同的速度传播。“different”后接复数名词，different speeds表示“不同的速度”。 88．句意：速度更快的地震波造成的破坏很小，而速度较慢的地震波会带来剧烈震动，足以摧毁建筑物。前后句是对比关系，but和while均符合逻辑。 89．句意：如今，这项技术在包括日本和墨西哥在内的许多国家被使用。 主语“technology”和“use”是被动关系，“today”表示一般现在时，故填is used。 90．句意：去年，一场大地震袭击了尼泊尔。“last year”为过去的时间，hit的过去式还是hit。 91．句意：这套预警系统却并非完美无缺。这里用定冠词the特指上文提到的地震预警系统，句首首字母大写。 92．句意：多次误报后，一些人对警报变得不那么在意，这是很危险的。become concerned about表示“对什么关心”，为固定搭配。 93．句意：科学家认为，在不久的将来，人工智能将能更快分析地震数据，或许能将预警时间延长至30秒。“in the near future”为将来时，用一般将来时will analyze。 94．句意：地震晃动时，要远离窗户和沉重的家具。固定搭配stay away from表示“远离”。 95．句意：许多人已经准备好了应急包，但还有一些人没有。“already”常与现在完成时连用，主语是“people”，故填have prepared。 六、 96．to 97．happens 98．Luckily 99．an 100．easily 101．things 102．importantly 103．be 104．expects 105．prepared 【解析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了地震发生时的安全避险知识，包括躲避位置、应急物资准备、安全训练等内容，强调了提前准备对提高地震生存几率的重要性。 96．句意：有时它们太小了，人们感觉不到。“too...to...”是英语中固定的结果状语结构，表示“太……而不能……”，此处需要用不定式符号“to”引出后面的动词原形“feel”，构成“too small for people to feel”的完整表达，故填to。 97．句意：但当一场严重的地震发生时，它可能会非常突然和危险。这是由“when”引导的时间状语从句，主句用了“can be”表示可能性，从句应使用一般现在时表将来；从句主语“a serious earthquake”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需要使用第三人称单数形式；方框中happen“发生”符合语境，其第三人称单数形式为“happens”，故填happens。 98．句意：幸运的是，这里有一些安全提示供你遵循。此处需要一个副词置于句首，用来修饰整个句子，表达“幸运的是”这一语气；方框中luck“幸运”是名词，其副词形式为“luckily”，句首首字母需要大写，故填Luckily。 99．句意：如果你在户外，找一个开阔的区域，远离树木和电线。“open area”是可数名词单数，且“open”以元音音素/əʊ/开头，根据英语冠词用法，元音音素开头的单数可数名词前要用不定冠词“an”表示“一个”，故填an。 100．句意：这样，你就能更容易地远离危险。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词短语“keep off danger”，表示“远离危险”的方式；方框中easy“容易的”是形容词，其副词形式为easily“容易地”，且“more easily”构成比较级，强调“更容易”，故填easily。 101．句意：在急救包里，你应该放足够的食物和水、手电筒、刀、结实的绳子和其他有用的东西。“other”后通常接可数名词复数，表示“其他的……”；方框中thing“东西”是可数名词，其复数形式为“things”，用来指代前文列举的各类应急物品，故填things。 102．句意：最重要的是，作为学生，你需要参加学校的安全训练。“Most importantly”是英语中常用的过渡短语，用于引出最重要的一点；方框中important“重要的”是形容词，其副词形式为“importantly”，故填importantly。 103．句意：有时，会有一些余震，它们也可能相当危险。这是“there be”句型的一般将来时结构，形式为“there will be +名词”，表示“将会有……”；方框中be是动词原形，符合这一语法结构，故填be。 104．句意：没有人期望经历地震，但没有人知道他们是否会有这种坏运气。句子主语“No one”是不定代词，视为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式；方框中“expect”“期望”符合语境，其第三人称单数形式为“expects”，故填expects。 105．句意：所以，为了增加我们在这场自然灾害中生存的机会，我们必须时刻做好准备。“be prepared”是固定短语，表示“做好准备”，强调状态；方框中prepare“准备”是动词，其形容词形式为“prepared”“准备好的”，与“be”构成系表结构，故填prepared。 七、 106． because of 【解析】原句中“由于”是关键词，由于：because of + 名词/代词/动名词，表示原因，在句中作状语。 107． was playing 【解析】原句关键词为“正在弹”，时间状语“at nine last night”提示使用过去进行时，可知填“was playing”。 108． while was cooking 【解析】原句中“……的时候”是关键词，表示“当……时候（主从句动作同时进行）”的英文是while；“做饭”是关键词，对应的英文是cook。主句为过去进行时，从句描述同时发生的动作，需用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语my mother是第三人称单数，be动词用was；“做饭”的动词是cook，其现在分词形式为cooking。 109． as usual 【解析】原句中“像往常一样”是关键词，表示“像往常一样”的英文是as usual，是副词短语，作状语。 110． went wrong 【解析】原句中“出了故障”是关键词，表示“出故障” 的短语是went wrong。本句为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填went；wrong。 111． stay inside 【解析】原句中“待在室内”是关键词，表示“待在室内”的动词短语是stay inside。should为情态动词，后接动词原形stay。 112． hear about 【解析】原句中“听说”是关键词，表示“听说”的动词短语是hear about，“be+adj.+to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“做某事感到……”。所以不定式符号to后面接动词原形hear。 113． went off 【解析】原句中“熄灭”是关键词，go off为固定短语，意为（灯火）熄灭； 前半句用过去进行时，后半句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。 故填went；off。 114． out of breath 【解析】原句中“上气不接下气”是关键词，表示“喘不过气”的介词短语是out of breath，在句中作表语。 115． prepare for 【解析】原句中“为……做准备”是关键词，对应的短语是prepare for。本句使用了句型It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是必要的），to后接动词原形，故填prepare；for。 八、 How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Earthquakes are very terrible. It is very important for us to know some ways to protect ourselves from earthquakes. If we are inside a building when an earthquake happens, we should stay away from windows and heavy furniture at once. We can hide under a strong table and protect our heads. We mustn’t jump from high buildings or take the lift, because it’s really dangerous. If we are outside, we should move to clear and open areas quickly and keep away from tall buildings. We shouldn’t stand under trees. Besides, we should always keep calm in an earthquake. Keeping calm can help us make the right decisions to keep safe. 写作步骤 【第一步：审题立意】 确定文体：说明文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：地震发生时，室内外应该和不应做的事，保持冷静的心态 确定人称：第一人称we/us为主，直接给出建议时，可以用第二人称you 注意事项：必须覆盖表格内的所有要点，词数不少于80词，不得出现真实姓名、学校等个人信息 【第二步：构思布局】 三段式结构： 开头段：引出话题，点明主旨 主体段：介绍地震发生时，在室内外应该做和不应该做的事 结尾段：提醒要冷静行动，呼应开头 【第三步：要点展开】 要点一：室内 Should do: hide under a desk/protect your head with hands/keep away from heavy furniture/crouch down low等 Shouldn’t do: run around wildly/push others/stand near glass doors等 要点二：室外 Should do: go to open spaces/keep away from power poles/protect your head等 Shouldn’t do: stay near billboards/go back into buildings/stay near glass structures等 要点三：心态 keep a cool head/don’t panic/keep your mind clear/try not to be afraid等 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(人教版2024) Unit 5 Nature's Temper 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化练习 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇 hit (v.) 击打，袭击 (常用于灾害) 例句：A typhoon hit our city last night. land (v.) 登陆，着陆 例句：The typhoon landed at 9 o'clock. blow (v.) 吹，刮 例句：The strong winds were blowing hard. beat (v.) 敲打，拍打 例句：The rain was beating against the window. warn (v.) 警告，提醒 例句：The reporter warned people to stay inside. refuse (v.) 拒绝 例句：He refused to give up. sweep (v.) 扫过，席卷 例句：The tsunami swept through the village. rock (v.) 摇晃，震动 例句：The earthquake rocked the building. store (v.) 储存，储备 例句：We stored food and water for the emergency. prepare (v.) 准备 例句：Did you prepare for the worst? happen (v.) 发生 例句：What happened when the tornado hit? panic (v.) 惊慌，恐慌 例句：People began to panic when they saw the floodwater. drought (n.) 干旱 (adj. dry) 例句：The heatwave caused a serious drought. wildfire (n.) 野火，森林大火 例句：The firefighters fought the wildfire bravely. snowstorm (n.) 暴风雪 例句：We were stuck at home because of the snowstorm. awful (adj.) 糟糕的，可怕的 例句：It was an awful experience. calm (adj.) 平静的，镇静的 例句：The weather can be very calm in the eye of a typhoon. thick (adj.) 浓厚的，厚的 例句：There was thick black smoke in the sky. strange (adj.) 奇怪的，陌生的 例句：Tilly noticed something strange on the beach. safe (adj.) 安全的 例句：Thankfully, her family made it to safety. 核心短语 natural disaster 自然灾害 take place 发生 at the time of 在……时候 while doing sth 当某人正在做某事时 when sth happened 当某事发生时 move off 把……移开 cover... with... 用……覆盖…… store food and water 储存食物和水 emergency supplies 应急物资 find one's way home 找到回家的路 get into an accident 卷入事故 almost hit 差点撞上 look for 寻找 wait for 等待 hear about 听说 believe in 相信 jump into action 立即行动 rush to do sth 匆忙去做某事 clear the streets 清理街道 put out 扑灭（火） stay away from 远离 be ready for 为……做好准备 be careful 小心 pay attention to 注意 step outside 走到户外 核心句型 What was/were ... doing when ... ? (过去进行时与一般过去时的连用) 例句：What were you doing when the typhoon hit? ... was/were doing ... while ... was/were doing ... 例句：I was travelling on the train while it was snowing heavily. While we were driving home, the strong winds started.当我们开车回家时，强风开始刮起来了。 It was raining hard while we were driving back.当我们开车返回时，雨下得很大。 Did you know that ... ? 例句：Did you know that a typhoon was coming? I'm sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。 That's good! / That's terrible!太好了！/ 太糟糕了！ We almost got into an accident.我们差点出了车祸。 The house looked awful!房子看起来糟透了！ Luckily, we covered our windows...幸运的是，我们用东西盖住了窗户…… We stored food and water too.我们也储存了食物和水。 Are you OK?你还好吗？是的，我安全了。/ 不太好。 What happened?发生什么事了？ I'll do that next time.下次我会那样做的。 This true story shows that...这个真实的故事表明…… Thanks to ... , ...多亏了……，…… One ... was able to save ...一个人成功挽救了…… The sky was growing darker and darker.天空变得越来越黑。 The world outside was growing whiter and whiter.外面的世界变得越来越白。 语法要点 本单元的核心语法是 过去进行时 (Past Continuous Tense)。 基本结构： was / were + 动词的现在分词 (doing) I / He / She / It 用 was You / We / They 用 were 主要用法： 表示过去某时正在进行的动作： 通常和 at 8 o'clock last night, this time yesterday, 或者 when 引导的从句连用。 例句：What were you doing at the time of the rainstorm? 与一般过去时连用，表示“一个长动作”被“一个短动作”打断： 句型： While + 主语 + was/were doing..., 主语 + did... (或者 When + 主语 + did..., 主语 + was/were doing...) 例句：While we were having dinner, the power went out. 表示两个动作在过去同时进行： 句型： While + 主语 + was/were doing..., 主语 + was/were doing... 例句：While my father was cooking, my mother was cleaning. 阅读/写作必备表达 be ready for 为……做好准备 make preparations 做准备 stay safe 保持安全 in a safe place 在安全的地方 emergency kit 应急包 first aid 急救 rescue workers 救援人员 volunteers 志愿者 clear away 清除 bring ... to safety 把……带到安全地带 protect ... from ... 保护……免受…… damage (n./v.) 破坏，损坏 injure (v.) 受伤 survive (v.) 幸存 survival (n.) 幸存 knowledge (n.) 知识 quick thinking 快速反应/思维 save one's life 挽救某人的生命 It is important to ... 做……是重要的 We should ... 我们应该…… 写作范文 （主题： 假如你是Jenny，请根据Section B 4a中的提示，写一篇短文讲述你在龙卷风（tornado）那天的经历。） A Terrible Tornado Last Friday was a terrible day for my family and me. It started when I looked up from the beach and saw thick black clouds forming in the sky. The rain began to beat heavily against our roof. My dad shouted, "Quick, this way!" We all ran to the safe room at once. While we were waiting inside, my little sister started to cry because she was scared. To make her happy, my dad told her a funny story. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. When we stepped outside, the sun was shining, but the scene was awful. There was floodwater everywhere, and many trees had fallen down. People were asking each other if they were safe, while some volunteers were starting to clear the streets. Although the tornado was scary, I was glad that my family stayed together and we were all safe. 译文： 可怕的龙卷风 上周五对我来说和我的家人来说都是糟糕的一天。当我在海滩上抬头看到厚厚的乌云在天空中形成时，事情开始了。雨开始猛烈地敲打着我们的屋顶。 我爸爸大喊：“快，这边！”我们立刻都跑到了安全屋。当我们躲在里面等待时，我妹妹因为害怕开始哭了起来。为了让她开心，我爸爸给她讲了一个有趣的故事。很快，她又笑了起来。 最后，暴风雨过去了。当我们走到户外时，阳光明媚，但景象很糟糕。到处都是洪水，许多树都倒下了。人们在互相询问是否安全，而一些志愿者已经开始清理街道。 虽然龙卷风很可怕，但我很高兴我的家人团结在一起，而且我们都安全了。 ◇Part 02 单元综合强化练习 Unit 5 Nature's Temper单元复习强化卷（人教版2024） 一、单项选择 1．This is the ________ movie I have ever watched—I felt bored and fell asleep halfway. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 2．While I was walking home from school, Tony ________ me and told me the good news. A．calls B．is calling C．called D．was calling 3．While my sister ________ TV, I was listening to music in the living room. A．watches B．watched C．were watching D．was watching 4．—What ________ you ________ when the teacher came into the classroom? —I was reading an English storybook. A．do; do B．did; do C．were; doing D．are; doing 5．My little sister ________ toys while I was reading books. A．is playing B．plays C．played D．was playing 6． Sometimes, typhoons cause high waves and flood the areas ________. A．near the coast B．in the mountains C．in the desert D．far from the sea 7．—Time to ________. Look! The sun is out. —OK. I know, Mom. A．wake up B．make up C．pick up D．put up 8．—How was your trip? —Not good. ________ we didn’t have enough time, we had to visit some places of interest quickly. A．Until B．Since C．Before D．If 9．Last Sunday, I met a ________ of mine at the supermarket. A．relative B．relation C．relationship D．relativity 10．—The date May 12th is unforgettable to most people in Sichuan. —That’s true. My parents can still remember what they ________ when that earthquake happened. A．are doing B．did C．were doing D．have done 11．—What’s the matter? — I ________ down while I ________ on the ice. I got hurt badly. A．was falling, skated B．fell, was skating C．fell, skated D．was falling, skating 12．Before buying this computer, I read plenty of ________ from its users online to learn about its quality. A．notices B．photos C．reviews D．excuses 13．—Did you use to ________ your diary in the bookcase? —Yes, I did. I didn’t want my parents to read it. A．write B．return C．hide D．cheer 14．Glad to see you again. It has been almost three years ______ we met last time. A．until B．before C．since D．while 15．Bob has ________ in learning math well, so he’s often worried about it. A．fun B．interest C．trouble D．question 16．—I called you last night, but no one answered. —Sorry, I ________ to music with my headphones on. A．listen B．listened C．was listening D．have listened 17．Jack hurt his leg when playing soccer. ________, he had to stay at home for three weeks. A．In the end B．On the way C．At a time D．As a result 18．—What were you doing when the typhoon warning ________? —I was doing chores with my mother. A．went away B．went off C．took off D．got off 19．—How long did it take the workers to ________ the damage caused by the flood? —It took them about a month to repair the houses and roads. A．record B．repair C．describe D．forget 20．The weather report ________ us of the coming flood and advised us to prepare in advance. A．warned B．protected C．rescued D．damaged 21．—A ________ storm hit our city last night, and it blew down many street lights. —I was so scared that I didn’t dare to go out. A．calm B．violent C．light D．weak 22．We need to make enough _________ for the coming snowstorm. A．preparations B．suggestions C．achievements D．solutions 23．—What do you think of the novel The Harry Potter?    —Excellent. I’ve read many good _________ of it online. A．records B．replies C．reports D．reviews 24．Make sure you follow the instructions, or things could ________. A．get over B．give up C．go wrong D．take back 25．A reporter from the local TV station will ________ the hero who saved three children from the fire. A．warn B．refuse C．review D．interview 二、完形填空 A 先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 A terrible storm swept through my village last month. It started at around 2:00 p.m. and 26 for only 30 minutes. But it brought us a big 27 . More than 30 houses were 28 down. Windows were broken and roofs were damaged. Many people were hurt 29 and taken to the hospital. Over one hundred people were 30 after the storm. I was one of them, and I also 31 my home. I still 32 that I was chatting with my parents when I heard a strange and loud noise. A few minutes later, our house 33 . We were stuck in the house, but we tried every means to climb out. But after climbing out, we couldn’t 34 my little brother. So my father went back to the fallen house 35 and took him out. I went out and found the village in a(n) 36 . Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. Just then I 37 someone calling for help from my neighbor Mr. Wang’s fallen house. I told my father and we ran to 38 him. The storm was very strong, but all the neighbors helped each other to fight 39 it. Although the storm broke many things apart (分开) , it brought people 40 together. 26．A．began B．repeated C．left D．lasted 27．A．surprise B．disaster C．truth D．business 28．A．poured B．copied C．blown D．broken 29．A．luckily B．badly C．clearly D．loudly 30．A．homeless B．careless C．meaningless D．useless 31．A．took B．bought C．lost D．got 32．A．learn B．tell C．persuade D．remember 33．A．gave away B．set up C．fell down D．worked out 34．A．forget B．find C．hide D．number 35．A．heavily B．quickly C．hardly D．proudly 36．A．mess B．order C．need D．moment 37．A．believed B．depended C．reported D．heard 38．A．save B．kill C．beat D．carry 39．A．against B．for C．with D．on 40．A．further B．closer C．deadlier D．worse B 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last winter, a heavy snowstorm hit our city. It was the most unforgettable experience of my life. The snow 41 non-stop for two days, and the wind 42 very strongly. My family and I stayed at home, but we felt really 43 Suddenly, we heard a big crash (巨响). Our old fence (栅栏) 44 down and blocked (堵塞) the door. The power went out, and the room became cold 45 . My mom told us to move to the living room with blankets, hot water, and candles. The storm lasted for 46 hours. During the night, we could hear the wind howling and snow hitting the windows. My little brother was scared, but I tried to stay 47 . I told him the storm would end soon. 48 the sun came up the next morning, the snow finally stopped. We went outside and saw many cars 49 under the snow. Some roofs were damaged. Luckily, no one in our neighborhood got 50 . We were safe, but I will never forget that snowy night. 41．A．fell B．fall C．falls D．fallen 42．A．blew B．grew C．flew D．drove 43．A．excited B．nervous C．interested D．surprised 44．A．hit B．cut C．broke D．put 45．A．nowhere B．anywhere C．somewhere D．everywhere 46．A．few B．little C．several D．much 47．A．calm B．silent C．quiet D．still 48．A．After B．Before C．When D．While 49．A．lying B．standing C．hiding D．sitting 50．A．ill B．hurt C．afraid D．terrible 三、阅读理解 A What You Need to Know About Typhoons What is a typhoon? A typhoon is a large, spinning (旋转的) storm that happens in the western Pacific Ocean. What should we prepare for a typhoon? Check the news for bad weather. When a typhoon comes, read weather reports every six hours. Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking. Fix windows with strong boards. Prepare flashlights with new batteries. Also get candles and matches. Make sure they are within our reach. Prepare an emergency kit with first aid, including cotton balls, masks, scissors etc. Plan the route ahead if you need to move to a safer area. 51．How many tips are there in the text? A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7 52．What kind of food should we store for a typhoon? A．Icy food. B．Fast food only. C．Food that needs cooking. D．Food that is ready to eat. 53．What should we put within our reach according to the text? ①flashlights  ②food  ③candles  ④boards A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 54．Which picture is the best for “”? A． B． C． D． 55．The text is probably from ________. A．a novel B．a safety guide C．a storybook D．a health magazine B The Floating Gardens of Bangladesh (孟加拉国) In Bangladesh, a country that experiences frequent floods, farmers have found a clever way to grow food even when their land is underwater. They create floating gardens. For centuries, farmers in this South Asian nation have used water hyacinths (水葫芦) to build floating rafts(木筏). They collect the plants, let them dry slightly, and then layer them together to form a platform. On these floating beds, they grow vegetables like spinach, eggplant, and pumpkins. “When the floods come, our land disappears under water,” explained farmer Muhammad Islam, “but our gardens float. We don’t lose our crops.” The floating gardens do more than just provide food. They also create jobs for women in rural (乡村的) communities. Women help build the rafts and harvest the vegetables, earning money for their families. Climate change has made flooding more terrible in Bangladesh. Sea levels are rising, and storms are becoming stronger. For many farmers, floating gardens are no longer just a tradition, they are a necessity. Scientists from around the world have come to study these gardens. They believe the technique could help farmers in other flood-prone (易涝的) countries, such as Vietnam and Myanmar. “This is traditional knowledge that is becoming more valuable every year,” said Dr. Amina Rahman, a researcher from Dhaka University.“The farmers figured out how to live with nature instead of fighting against it.” Today, more than 100,000 families in Bangladesh use floating gardens. The government is helping to spread the technique to other regions. As one farmer put it, “The water used to be our enemy. Now we have learned to make it our friend.” 56．What problem do farmers in Bangladesh face? A．They don’t have enough land for farming. B．The soil is too dry for growing vegetables. C．Their land often floods and goes underwater. D．They don’t have enough workers to farm. 57．How do farmers create floating gardens? A．They build wooden platforms above the water. B．They use water hyacinths to build floating rafts. C．They grow vegetables directly in the river. D．They use rafts to take water out of the fields. 58．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．the water B．the technique C．the floating garden D．the land 59．What can we infer from the passage? A．Floating gardens cost much money. B．Floating gardens suit flood-prone areas. C．Only simple fruits are grown here. D．It is a new modern invention for farming. 60．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Terrible floods in Bangladesh. B．Ways for village women to make money. C．Useful floating gardens in Bangladesh. D．Traditional food in South Asia. C My name is George. When I was in middle school, I experienced a strong earthquake. When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying. I was scared and even thought of the end of the world. When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground. We saw that the whole school was in a mess. Teachers tried to find all the students and make sure everyone was safe. As we stood on the playground, we could still feel the aftershocks. After making sure it was safe, teachers called our parents to take us home. My house suffered some damage (损坏). The bookcases fell onto the floor and some things were broken. But I felt happy that we were all safe. In the following days, we learned that the earthquake caused a lot of damage to the city. Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family. I was sad to hear that. Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now. We never know when they will happen, but we can find ways to protect ourselves and our family. 61．Where was George when the ground started shaking? A．At home. B．On the playground. C．In the classroom. D．Near the school. 62．What is the meaning of the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 4? A．Fell down. B．Went up. C．Took away. D．Got over. 63．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage? ①George saw damage to his house. ②George’s classmates were shouting and crying. ③George was listening to the teacher carefully. ④The teachers took the students to the playground. A．②③①④ B．③②④① C．②④③① D．③④②① 64．How did George’s feelings change according to the passage? A．scared→sad→hopeful→happy B．happy→hopeful→scared→sad C．scared→happy→sad→hopeful D．sad→scared→happy→hopeful 65．What did George learn from the event? A．The reason why earthquakes happen. B．The place to stay when one is in danger. C．The best time to run away from danger. D．The importance of preparing for natural disasters. D ① Have you ever seen a huge wave in the sea? Usually, waves are caused by wind, but sometimes, they come from a terrible natural disaster — tsunamis (海啸). A tsunami is a series of large waves caused by movements under the sea. It can be very dangerous. ② What causes a tsunami? The most common cause is an underwater earthquake. When the sea floor suddenly moves up or down, it displaces a large amount of water. This water moves outward in all directions, forming big waves. Other causes include underwater volcanoes erupting (火山爆发) or huge landslides falling into the ocean. ③ How is it different from normal waves? Normal wind-driven waves only affect the surface of the water. They are short and fast. However, in the deep ocean, a tsunami has a very long wavelength. It looks like a normal wave at first, but it is actually very powerful. Ships in the deep ocean may not feel a tsunami passing by. ④ The danger near the shore (海岸) When a tsunami gets close to the coast, the water becomes shallow. The wave slows down, but its height rises quickly. The water can rise up to 30 meters high. Remember, the first wave is not always the biggest one. Tsunamis can bring a lot of destruction to towns and villages. ⑤ How to stay safe? To reduce the damage, scientists use special machines to detect tsunamis early. If you are near the beach and feel an earthquake or see the seawater recede (退去) suddenly, run to the nearest hill as fast as you can. 66．What is the passage mainly about? A．A kind of natural disaster — tsunami. B．Ways to stop earthquakes. C．How to keep away from winds. D．Different kinds of ocean waves. 67．Normal waves are caused by ________. A．landslides B．earthquakes C．volcanoes D．wind 68．Why can’t ships in deep ocean feel a tsunami? A．Because the tsunami is too small. B．Because the tsunami is long and low there. C．Because ships are moving very fast. D．Because the water is very warm. 69．What does the writer advise us to do when we meet a tsunami? A．Stand near the sea and watch. B．Take photos of the waves. C．Run to higher ground quickly. D．Go swimming in the sea. 70．Which diagram best shows the structure of the passage? A．①②-③④-⑤ B．①-②③④-⑤ C．①②③④-⑤ D．①-②③④⑤ E On March 15, a serious wildfire suddenly swept across a large wild forest in Yajiang County, Sichuan Province. Luckily, no people lost their lives in this terrible accident. Wildfires are really dangerous natural disasters. They can spread very quickly and burn large areas of green trees and dry grass in a short time, bringing great harm to the natural environment. ① Wildfires happen very often in spring in China In 2023, there were 328 wildfires across our country. 147 of them broke out in March and April, making up almost half of the whole year’s wildfires. These fires not only damaged forests but also brought trouble to the lives of local people ②________ There is little rainfall in many places, especially in Southwest China, so the air and plants become very dry. Dry plants turn easy to catch fire when they start to grow and come back to life after winter. Besides, strong winds are quite usual in spring. They make wildfires spread much faster and more widely in the open air, making it harder to put out the fire. ③ Useful ways to protect yourself from wildfires When you meet wildfires, stay calm first. It helps you make right and wise decisions and avoid making mistakes. Always stay upwind of the fire to keep away from the smoke and flames. Move to safe places at once if the wind turns dangerous. If you are surrounded by fire, cover your body with wet clothes or a wet quilt and find places with water, like rivers or pools. Wide empty roads can also keep you away from the fire safely until help arrives. 71．What percent of wildfires in China happened in March and April in 2023? A．Almost 20%. B．Almost 50%. C．Almost 80%. D．Almost 90%. 72．Which of the following can be put in “________”. A．Plants survive in spring wildfires B．Terrible weather in Spring. C．Main reasons for spring wildfires D．Different ways to put out wildfires 73．Which of the following may cause spring wildfires? ①little rainfall and dry plants    ②strong winds in spring    ③dry air after winter  ④cutting down trees A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 74．Which of the following pictures shows the right way to protect yourself from wildfires? A． B． C． D． 75．What is the main idea of this passage? A．To ask people to plant more trees. B．To introduce spring wildfires and ways to keep safe. C．To tell a story about a wildfire in Sichuan. D．To tell us how terrible the environment is. F A little knowledge can make a difference at a time of life or death. May 12th is China’s National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day (防灾减灾日). It helps people learn more about keeping safe in disasters. 76 Disasters like earthquakes may happen all of a sudden, so we need to know how to safeguard ourselves. Stay calm when an earthquake happens. 77 Do not scream or run around, or you will get into trouble. Do not run out at once if you are indoors. 78 Hide under a strong desk or table to protect your head. Stay away from windows, heavy furniture or anything that may fall on you. 79 Make sure you are far from dangerous things. Never stand under tall buildings, trees or power lines. After the shaking stops, there is still much to do. Check if you are hurt and use simple first aid. 80 It is necessary to call for help so that firefighters and volunteers will come to rescue you soon. Follow these rules, and you can stay much safer in an earthquake. A．Being calm can help you make the right choice. B．Please remember that danger does not end right away. C．It is important to find a safe place to hide at once. D．Go to a nearby open place right away if you are outdoors. E．It is also a day to tell people how to stay away from accidents. F．Staying safe is the most important rule for every student. G．Go into a tall building right away when you are outside. 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Natural dangerous events can happen anywhere and at any time. Earthquakes, floods, storms, and wildfires are just a few examples of nature’s powerful forces. While you can’t stop these events, you can learn how to protect yourself and others. The first step is to know the latest news. You can listen to weather reports and important warnings on the radio or your phone. Many countries have warning systems for earthquakes, typhoons, and floods. If you hear a warning, take it seriously and act quickly. Next, make a safety plan with your family. Decide where to meet if you get separated. Prepare an emergency bag with water, food, a torch, a medical box and important papers. Practice what to do during different kinds of dangerous events, like “Drop, Cover, and Hold on” during an earthquake. During a dangerous event, stay calm. If you are indoors, stay away from windows and heavy furniture. If you are outside, move to an open area away from trees, buildings, and electric lines. After the event, avoid damaged areas and listen to adults or police for instructions. Being prepared can save lives. We should respect nature’s power and learn to live safely with it. 81．What natural dangerous events are mentioned in the passage? 82．What can you listen to on the radio or your phone? 83．What should you prepare with your family? 84．What should you do if you are indoors during a dangerous event? 85．What can we learn from the passage? 五、短文填空 阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters. Unlike typhoons or floods, they strike without warning. 86 (receive) a three-second warning can save lives—enough time to hide under a strong table. When an earthquake happens, two types of seismic waves (地震波) travel at different 87 (speed). The faster wave causes little damage, 88 the slower wave brings strong shaking that can destroy buildings. This technology 89 (use) in many countries today, including Japan and Mexico. Last year, a big earthquake 90 (hit) Nepal. Thousands of buildings fell down, and over 8,000 people lost their lives. 91 warning system is not perfect, however. People near the epicenter (震中) may get no warning at all because the destructive wave arrives almost immediately. Some people have become less 92 (concern) about alerts after several false alarms, which is dangerous. Scientists believe that AI 93 (analyze) seismic data more quickly in the near future, possibly extending warning times to 30 seconds. If you live in an earthquake-prone (地震多发) area, prepare an emergency kit (应急包) with water, food, and a flashlight. Stay away 94 windows and heavy furniture during shaking. Many people 95 (prepare) their kits already, but others have not. Remember: those few seconds of preparation could save your life. 六、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一次，每词限用一次。 prepare  luck    happen  a   be   to   expect  easy  thing    important Earthquakes happen all the time around the world. Sometimes they are just too small for people 96 feel. But when a serious earthquake 97 , it can be very sudden and dangerous. 98 , here are some safety tips for you to follow. To begin with, you must know where to hide. If you are indoors,hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. Or you can sit in the corner of the walls. If you are outdoors, find 99 open area and stay away from trees and power lines. In this way, you can keep off danger more 100 .Besides,always prepare an emergency kit at home. In the kit, you should keep enough food and water, a flashlight, a knife, a strong rope, and other useful 101 . Being prepared may help save your life. Most 102 ,as students, you need to take part in the safety training at school.It can help you put your knowledge into practice. For example, when the strong shaking stops, you should not move around right away. Sometimes,there will 103 some aftershocks, and they can be quite dangerous,too. No one 104 to experience an earthquake, but no one knows whether they will have the bad luck. So, to increase our chance of surviving the natural disaster, we must always be 105 . 七、完成句子 106．由于暴风雨，许多学生上学迟到了。 Many students were late for school ________ ________ the rainstorm. 107．昨天晚上九点，她正在弹钢琴。 She ________ ________ the piano at nine last night. 108．我妈妈做饭的时候，我正在写作业。 I was doing my homework ________ my mother ________ ________. 109．我们的英语老师像往常一样以一个故事开始了这堂课。 Our English teacher started the class with a story ________ ________. 110．电梯开到十楼时出了故障。 The lift ________ ________ when it came to the tenth floor. 111．当大暴雪来临时，你应该待在室内保暖。 When a heavy snowstorm happens, you should ________ ________ to keep yourself warm. 112．贝蒂听说许多动物处于危险之中，感到很难过。 Betty was sad to ________ ________ so many animals in danger. 113．外面风很大，灯都熄灭了。 The wind was blowing strongly outside, and the lights ________ ________. 114．跑了四十分钟后，他上气不接下气。 After running for forty minutes, he was ________ ________ ________. 115．对我们来说，提前为自然灾害做准备是很有必要的。 It’s necessary for us to ________ ________ natural disasters in advance. 八、书面表达 假如你是李华，小圈子英语角正在举行以“防震减灾，守护生命”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下表格中的提示内容，写一篇英文短文投稿，谈谈我们应该如何在地震中进行自我保护。 How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Inside should stay away from windows and heavy furniture… shouldn’t jump from high buildings not take a lift Outside should move to clear areas keep away from tall buildings shouldn’t stand under trees… 要求: 1 参考提示内容，可适当发挥。 2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。 3.文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等)。 4.词数：不少于80词。(开头已给出，但不计入总词数) How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Earthquakes are very terrible. It is very important for us to know some ways to protect ourselves from the earthquakes. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________       ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $