专题04 阅读与表达（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材北师大版

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语阅读与表达核心能力，以6大常考话题为载体，通过多文体语篇系统训练语言理解与表达，融合文化意识与思维品质培育。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |生活方式|7篇语篇|细节理解、推理判断|围绕日常行为与社会现象，从具体事例到观点提炼，培养信息定位与归纳能力| |助人精神|3篇语篇|原因分析、开放问答|通过真实案例（如机器人助老、乡村图书馆），渗透社会责任意识，训练情感态度表达| |选择|2篇语篇|计划制定、目标达成|结合新年计划等主题，关联学习策略，培养逻辑规划与反思能力| |语言与交流|4篇语篇|跨文化理解、非语言沟通|涵盖肢体语言、手语、传统礼仪，构建语言与文化的关联，提升跨文化交际能力| |环保|6篇语篇|问题解决、影响分析|涉及塑料污染、河流保护等热点，从现象到措施，强化批判性思维与环保意识| |学习方式|4篇语篇|方法比较、实践反思|对比独立与小组学习，结合耐心培养等策略，发展自主学习与合作能力|

专题04阅读与表达 话题1 生活方式（常考点） 话题4 语言与交流（常考点） 话题2 助人精神（常考点） 话题5 环保（常考点） 话题3 选择（常考点） 话题6学习方式（常考点） 话题1 生活方式 Passage 1 Then Charles and Hal went out and bought six more dogs, so they now had fourteen. But the new dogs were not real sledge-dogs and they knew nothing about the work. Charles and Hal put them into harness, but Buck could not teach them how to pull a sledge. So now there were six dogs who couldn’t pull at all, and eight dogs who were tired after pulling for four thousand kilometers. But Charles and Hal were happy. They had more dogs than any sledge that they had seen at Skagway. The next morning Buck led the team up the street. They moved slowly, because they were tired before they started. Buck had pulled to Dawson and back twice, and he didn’t want to do it again. It took them a long time to get ready to leave. And when they did start, they often had to stop because something had fallen off the sledge. On some days they traveled 20 kilometers and on some days only 10. They didn’t have enough dog food when they started and they used what they had much too quickly. Hal and Mercedes both gave the dogs extra food with different purposes. But it was not food that they wanted, but rest. Soon Hal saw that they had traveled only a quarter of the way, but had eaten half their food. He had to give the dogs less food. Unfortunately, the six new dogs, now weak and ill from hunger and hard work, died. Hal, Charles and Mercedes had started the journey happily, but now they were tired, cross and miserable. Charles and Hal argued about everything, because each thought that he was working harder than the other. Mercedes was unhappy because she thought that she shouldn’t have to work. 1．How many dogs did Charles and Hal have after buying new dogs? 2．Why did the sledge often have to stop after they started their journey? 3．Though they gave the dogs extra food, what did the dogs really need? 4．What happened to the six new dogs in the end? 5．List the main difficulties that Hal, Charles and Mercedes faced during their journey. (请至少写出两点) Passage 2 ROOTS & SHOOTS Most people suffer from what is called “Just-me-ism”. This is the idea that one person’s small wrong actions make no difference. You know wasting water, leaving lights on or littering is wrong, but you think: “I’m just me. What harm can it do?” If only a few people thought this way, it would be fine. But when millions of people do the same, it causes serious waste and harm to the world. To encourage young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was started. This institute (协会) was set up in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees. In addition to her research, she tries her best to protect the environment. The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, from preschoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature. The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation (基础), and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world. Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in. Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile, when you make a dog wag its tail, and when you water a thirsty plant? One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and that’s what Roots & Shoots is all about: the value and importance of each individual (个人) — human, animal or plant. Dr. Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is this: “Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.” You get to choose: Do you want to use your life to make the world a better place for people, animals and the environment? Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart? Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future? You cannot be absent. It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands — millions — of people, and this is what is going to change the world. 6．What is “Just-me-ism”? 7．Why is the organization called Roots & Shoots? 8．What activity can you organize for your classmates to practice the idea of Roots & Shoots? Why? (List at least 2 reasons) Passage 3 Gardening as part of the school curriculum (课程) began in the United States in the early 1900s and school gardening has become very popular over the years. Parents and teachers say these hands-on lessons can be used to teach many subjects. Susan Hobart is a school teacher at Lake View Elementary School in Madison. She and her students look after the school’s large garden with 12 raised beds. “Gardens are a great way to get kids outside with a purpose. With the school gardens, kids can get to see a beginning, a middle and an end to their project. If they just sat at their desks, they wouldn’t have this experience.” Hobart said. She added that the gardens helped calm the kids and gave them a different viewpoint about soil and food. “If we had to buy the seedlings (幼苗) , they’d cost $3 each and we could never afford that,” Hobart says. “But there are plenty of creative ways to find help. We got seeds (种子) and seedlings from local botanical gardens (植物园) and our communities.” Each spring, the school’s children plant seeds and seedlings in the garden. Over the summer, teachers and young children take care of the garden together. Hobart says that gardens do not have to take up a large area outdoors. For schools without space for even a small garden, turning to local botanical gardens and parks can sometimes be the answer. In the school garden, teachers can teach students how to grow food and flowers. They can also teach science, social studies and even art there. “Giving kids the opportunity to go outside, get their hands dirty, and find worms, especially if their teachers are excited about it—that’s important,” Hobart said. Finley, their headmaster, supports teaching city kids about seeds and growing. He aims to “change the culture around food”. He remembered how amazing it was for his students to see “a seed becomes food”. “Having a garden in a school is just as important as any other form of education,” Finley says. “The act of gardening teaches you where our food sources come from and teaches you to have a feeling of great respect for soil. If kids have a reverence (尊敬) for soil, they have a reverence for themselves and respect for the planet. Gardening is not a hobby, it’s a life skill. I see this as one of the most valuable lessons of humanity.” 9．When did gardening begin as part of school curriculum in the United States? 10．Where did the students at Lake View Elementary School find seeds and seedlings? 11．What can teachers teach in the school garden? 12．Do you think doing gardening is important in your school? Why? (At least two reasons) Passage 4 A “Walking Ideological and Political Class” (行走的思政课) is a special way of learning. Instead of just sitting in a classroom, students go to museums, memorial halls, or old battle (战役) sites to learn about history, culture and social responsibility (责任). They learn by seeing, walking, and experiencing history with their own eyes and feet. A good example is No.2 Middle School in Guyuan, Ningxia. Every year before Tomb-Sweeping Day, the school organizes a long walk for its students. They walk 54 kilometers—to visit a memorial hall for revolutionary heroes. The walk takes more than ten hours, and many students feel very tired, but they keep going because they want to honor the heroes who gave their lives for the country. This kind of class helps students learn in three important ways. First, it helps them remember history much better. When students from Guyuan No.2 Middle School finally arrive at the memorial hall after such a long walk, they never forget what they see and feel there. History stops being just words on a page and becomes a real memory. Second, it helps students understand how hard life was in the past. Walking 54 kilometers is very difficult, but students learn that real soldiers walked much farther with almost no food or rest and in terrible weather. This makes students feel grateful for the peaceful and comfortable life they have today. Third, this class helps students think about their own duty. After such a meaningful experience, many students ask themselves, “What can I do for my country?” Some decide to study harder, and others decide to help their community. In this way, history lessons turn into personal goals. In short, a “Walking Ideological and Political Class” is not just a school trip. It is a powerful way to learn values (价值), responsibility, and gratitude (感激)—not from a textbook, but from real life. 13．Where do students usually have this Walking Ideological and Political Class? 14．When does No.2 Middle School in Guyuan, Ningxia organize this walk? 15．Why do students keep walking when they feel tired during the walk? 16．What do students decide to do after this experience? 17．What do you think of the Walking Ideological and Political Class? Passage 5 If you ever find yourself at a birthday celebration for an elderly person in China, don’t be surprised when someone passes you a warm, fluffy bun (包子) that looks exactly like a rosy pink peach. That’s shòutáo bāo, or the longevity peach bun. It is made from wheat flour and filled with smooth red bean paste (红豆沙) or lotus paste (莲蓉). In China, shòutáo bāo is far more than just dessert — it’s a delicious piece of cultural heritage. The story behind the peach buns begins with ancient mythology. Longevity peach buns stand for the Peaches of Immortality (蟠桃) in ancient Chinese legend. They are grown in the garden of the Queen Mother of the West. They ripen only once every three thousand years. It’s said that people can live forever after eating them. In another story, the peach symbolizes long life because of the folk story of Shou Xing Gong. This Chinese God of Longevity is said to have lived a very long life. The peach he carried has also become a symbol of longevity. Over the centuries, the peach developed gradually from a mythical fruit into the symbol of a long, healthy life. While fresh peaches aren’t always in season for winter birthdays, clever bakers long ago in Guangdong province solved this problem by making buns that are in the shape of peaches. Today, people across the country often order them for their parents or grandparents as a wish for a long life. A longevity peach bun carries a heavy, wonderful weight of blessing. Offering a longevity peach bun to an elder isn’t just saying “Happy Birthday”. It’s a silent, heartfelt wish that says: May you live as long as the Southern Mountain, and may your years be as eternal (永恒不朽的) as the flowing river! The act of sharing the bun also ties the family together in a shared hope for the health of their elder family members. Apart from peach buns, Chinese people also eat longevity noodles to celebrate their birthdays. And it is commonly believed that people should eat the noodles without breaking them into pieces. This is because ________. 18．Is the longevity peach bun always filled with bean paste? 19．Why did bakers in Guangdong start making peach-shaped buns long ago? 20．According to paragraph 4, what kinds of blessing does a longevity peach bun carry? 21．Please finish the missing part in the last paragraph. (about 30 words) Passage 6 Having breakfast can give energy to your body and brain (大脑). It helps you stay strong and gives you lots of energy to start the day. When you eat breakfast, your body gets what it needs to work well. This can make it hard for you to get sick and help you grow well. According to (根据) some studies, students who eat morning meals score 15% higher in tests than those without breakfast. In schools with breakfast plans, fewer students come to school late and more students take part in classroom activities better. At the same time, students who don’t have breakfast are easy to be angry or sleepy. They often feel weak and find it hard to listen to teachers carefully in class. They cannot think clearly. Then, you may want to know what to eat for breakfast. Healthy choices like eggs, milk or fruit give nutrition (营养) to keep energy until lunch. Milk is good for your bones and teeth. It gives you energy as well. Apples can give you a lot of vitamins. You can have one as part of your breakfast. Try not to choose food with too much sugar, because it may make the energy drop (下滑) quickly. Instead, add fruit and nuts for nutrition. Remember that even a 10-minute breakfast matters (要紧). You can prepare simple meals the night before to save time. Your body and brain will thank you. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 22．What does your body get when you have breakfast? 23．What are the healthy choices for breakfast? 24．Why does the writer tell us not to choose food with too much sugar? 25．If people want to save time to make breakfast, what can they do? 26．Is having breakfast important or not? Passage 7 How do our food choices affect the environment? Producing the foods we eat has massive environmental impacts: it requires vast tracts of land and huge quantities of water. In addition to using land and water, food production results in greenhouse gas emissions—from the fossil fuels burned to run tractors and harvesters, for example, and from the gases released when cow manure decomposes (粪便分解) and from when cows burp and fart (打嗝和放屁). These emissions add up: scientists estimate that food production around the world contributes up to 30% of all the greenhouse gases people release to the atmosphere each year. Raising cows and sheep for meat has an especially large environmental footprint with regards to land use, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions. Because of this, we wanted to find out: Would changing people’s diets have a significant environmental effect? And if so, which diets are likely to be healthiest for ourselves and for the planet? We identified 14 diets that scientists have proposed as being more environmentally sustainable: these included vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian (鱼素者，吃鱼不吃肉的半素食主义者), and replacing red meat with pork and chicken, to name a few. Overall, our review found that reducing meat intake generally resulted in less greenhouse gas emissions, less land use, and less water use. The environmental impact from switching to alternative diets varied greatly across the studies—some found changes of 70% less greenhouse gas emissions and land use, while others found only slight reductions or even increases. The more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption. Being conscious about both the environmental impacts and the healthiness of the foods we eat is an important start. For most of us, following healthy guidelines for a balanced diet would go a long way to improving health and environmental sustainability. 27．What impacts does food production have on the environment? 28．In terms of our daily diet, what can we do to reduce environmental impacts? 29．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Diets like vegan, vegetarian, and pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat. 30．Apart from what has been mentioned in the passage, what can we do to make our life more eco-friendly? (In about 40 words) 话题2 助人精神 Passage 8 Saying “sorry” is a powerful part of communication. Sometimes we hurt others by accident—maybe we ignore their words or act thoughtlessly. Admitting our mistakes and apologising can fix misunderstandings, but finding the right words isn’t always easy. It takes courage to say we’re wrong! There are many heartfelt ways to apologise. You can write a sincere note, give a small meaningful gift, or simply speak from your heart. Phrases like “I’m sorry if I upset you” or “Thank you for listening—I didn’t mean to be rude” show you care. A genuine apology isn’t just words. It shows you understand how the other person feels. Why is apologising so important for good communication? It helps heal hurt feelings and strengthens relationships. When we say sorry, honestly, we tell others we value them more than being “right”. Even if it’s hard to speak up, apologising makes both people feel better in the end. It’s a key skill for getting along with friends and family. Last week, Mia argued with her best friend Lila because Mia wasn’t listening during their chat. Lila felt sad and stopped talking to her. After thinking for a day, Mia decided to apologise. She wrote a card saying how sorry she was and asked Lila to forgive her. When Lila read the card, she smiled. Mia realised that good communication isn’t just talking—it’s also knowing when to say sorry. Next time she has a misunderstanding with someone, she will bravely say sorry because she knows it can fix conflicts and keep her friendship strong. 31．Why isn’t it always easy to apologise? 32．What are two ways to apologise mentioned in the passage? 33．A genuine apology only includes words, doesn’t it? 34．Why did Lila stop talking to Mia? 35．What is the passage mainly about? Passage 9 In Shanghai, a new type of intelligent nursing home has opened its doors. It is trying to solve some problems caused by an aging society. One of the most special things here is the use of emotional companion robots (情感陪伴机器人). These robots are of great help to the elderly. With advanced AI technology (先进的人工智能技术), they can recognize various human emotions. When an old person is feeling lonely, the robot can notice the change and start a friendly conversation. It can also repeat the old stories the old man loves to recall (回忆), or play his favorite music. This not only helps the elderly feel less lonely but also improves their mental health. The robots can also help solve the shortage of nursing staff (护理人员). In the past, nursing homes often faced difficulties because there were not enough workers to take care of all the elderly. But now, these robots can complete some simple tasks. They can remind the elderly to take their medicine on time, for example. The use of these robots in the nursing home is a great success. It shows that technology can play an important role in improving the quality of life for the elderly. And it also gives us hope for better solutions to the problems of an aging society in the future. 36．What kind of problems is the new type of intelligent nursing home trying to solve? 37．What can the robot do when an old person is feeling lonely? （List two things） 38．Why did traditional nursing homes often face the difficulties? 39．Do you think the advanced robots in the nursing home should be used widely? Why or why not? Write 30 words or more. Passage 10 Li Cuili, the owner of a small store in Lishi Village, Neihuang County, Henan Province, has brought nationwide attention to Weiguang Library—her 18-year-old project that started with just 500 books. Li’s idea for the library began in 2008, when she took her son to a village show and left early because of its unhealthy contents. In order to protect children from bad influences, she set up a free library called Weiguang in her store. At first, few villagers understood her idea. To attract children, she gave candies and small gifts to those who read or borrowed books. Soon, more children came, and their parents noticed positive changes. Slowly, the whole village supported her, with many adults volunteering. Over the years, she faced challenges like missing books and short of money. She even collected old books on a tricycle (三轮车), and paid for daily costs with her own money. Today, the library has more than 5,000 books, smart reading equipment and a larger space including a reading room and a yard for activities. It holds about 40 events for the villagers every year. One of them is “cross-age sharing” activity, where elders tell village stories and children teach them to use smartphones. It also holds “4:30 classes” for kids and “women’s classes” for local women. As a National People’s Congress member (全国人大代表), she has put forward ideas to improve rural reading services nationwide. Up to now, the Library has served over 400,000 readers, and its model has spread to 400 places across China. Li always says, “Even a small light can shine brightly in the dark.” And she will keep moving forward on this road. 40．Why did Li Cuili set up Weiguang Library? 41．How did Li Cuili attract children to read or borrow books at first? 42．What activities does Weiguang Library hold for villagers now? List two of them. 43．Have you ever been a helpful person like Li Cuili? Share one of your experiences helping others. Write 30 words or more. 话题3选择 Passage 11 A resolution is a strong decision to do something. Many people make resolutions at the beginning of the New Year. A middle school in Taiyuan did a survey among 100 students about their New Year’s resolutions. Getting better grades, exercising more often, eating more healthily and reading more books are the top four. The survey also showed that though students make one or more resolutions every year, less than 8% of them actually succeed. Here are several ways to make it easier for you to keep your resolutions. Set small resolutions   Setting small goals is much better than trying to make big ones. 35% of New Year’s resolutions fail because of this. If you plan to improve your physical health, for example, you will have a better chance with a little exercise each day. Make a plan. A plan can make it easier for you to make your resolutions come true. For example, if you want to take up a sport as a hobby, first, you need to decide what kind of sport you will play and how often you will do it. Then, try to make a detailed (详细的) plan. Once you have made your plan, try your best to keep it! Track (跟踪) your progress. The reason why some people fail to keep their New Year’s resolutions is that they don’t track their progress. You should first write down your resolutions in a notebook or diary. If your plan is to read books, write down how many pages you plan to read every week. Make marks of the page number every time you read. This way, you can track your progress closely. This will help you to keep trying hard. Besides, tracking your progress can make you more confident. Every time you achieve something, even if it is a small one, you will probably get a feeling of achievement and that will encourage you to move on. 1．What is a resolution? 2．How many students make resolutions about exercising more often according to the survey? 3．Why cannot 35% of the New Year’s resolutions come true? 4．What are the benefits (好处) of tracking your progress according to the passage? 5．What’s your New Year’s resolution? How are you going to keep it? Passage 12 Innovation (创新) plays an important role in improving life and developing society. It is not just about big inventions but also about small changes in daily life. Everyone can be innovative if they are willing to practice and explore. First, innovation needs practice. You cannot create something new just by thinking. You must do it with your hands. For example, if you want to make a better school bag, you need to cut cloth and design it many times. Each time you fail, you learn something useful. Thomas Edison tried thousands of times before he made the light bulb work. Practice turns simple ideas into real things. Second, innovation requires courage. Many people are afraid of making mistakes. That’s why they only follow old ways. But innovators are different. They are brave to ask “why” and “what if”. When they meet problems, they do not give up. They try strange ideas that others may laugh at. This courage helps them find new methods that no one has tried before. Third, innovation calls for an open mind. You should look at things in different ways. A bottle is not just for holding water. It can become a flower pot or a pencil holder. When you connect old things in new ways, you create surprises. Reading books and talking with different people can give you fresh thoughts. To develop your innovative spirit, start with small steps. Remember, innovation is not a gift for special people. It is a habit that anyone can build through practice, courage and an open mind. Only in this habit will your innovative spirit grow day by day. 6．What is innovation about? 7．Why do many people only follow old ways? 8．What does innovation need according to the text? 9．Why should people develop innovative spirit? Write 30 words or more. 话题4语言与交流 Passage 13 The Role of Body Language in Campus Life Body language is an invisible yet powerful tool in our daily communication, especially in campus life where we interact with classmates and teachers every day. It can convey emotions and attitudes that words sometimes fail to express fully. In group study sessions, positive body language can greatly boost cooperation. When a classmate shares ideas, giving a soft nod, maintaining eye contact, and leaning forward a little show that you are listening attentively. This encourages the speaker to express themselves more freely and makes the discussion more lively. On the contrary, folding arms, looking away, or slouching in the chair may make others feel that you are not interested, which damages the team spirit. When communicating with teachers, respectful body language helps build a good relationship. Standing up when the teacher enters the classroom, sitting straight during class, and looking at the teacher when asking or answering questions show your respect. Teachers often say that students with positive body language are more likely to gain trust and receive better guidance. Even in daily interactions like greeting classmates, a simple smile, a friendly wave, or a slight nod can brighten others’ days. These small body language gestures help create a warm and harmonious campus atmosphere. It’s important for students to realize the value of body language and use it properly to make campus life more pleasant and meaningful. 1．What kind of tool is body language in daily communication according to the passage? 2．What positive body language can we use in group study sessions to show we are listening attentively? 3．How does negative body language affect group discussions? 4．What respectful body language should we use when communicating with teachers? 5．Why is it important for students to use body language properly? Passage 14 How Body Language Influences Our Social Success Many people don’t realize that body language has a great impact on our social success. Whether it’s making friends, participating in activities, or even future career development, proper body language can give us an advantage. Confident body language is the key to making a good first impression. When meeting new people, standing tall, keeping a natural smile, and making eye contact for 3-5 seconds can show your confidence and friendliness. People are more likely to be drawn to those who display confident body language and are willing to establish connections with them. In social gatherings, active body language helps you integrate into the group quickly. For example, when others are talking, nodding to show agreement, using small gestures to express your opinions, and facing the group instead of turning away can make you look more approachable. On the other hand, people who fold their arms, stand alone in the corner, or avoid interacting with others through body language may be left out. Moreover, body language can also reflect our inner state. People with positive body language are often more optimistic and energetic, which can inspire those around them. In team activities, such body language can boost team morale and improve cooperation efficiency. Therefore, learning to use proper body language is essential for everyone who wants to achieve social success. 6．What is the key to making a good first impression according to the passage? 7．What confident body language can we use when meeting new people? 8．How can active body language help us in social gatherings? 9．What kind of body language may make people feel left out in social gatherings? 10．Why is proper body language essential for social success? Passage 15 Did you know that sign language also has “dialects” (方言)? Sign language is the main way deaf people communicate. Since they can’t hear, talking to hearing people can be hard. Luckily, sign language interpreters (翻译) are there to help. Hao Shuxin, 24, sees sign language as her first language, as her parents are deaf. “I began to learn sign language before I could even talk,” she recalled. In 2018, she became a sign language interpreter at a law office in Chongqing. Her work takes her to places like courts, where shed interprets for deaf people. As sign language has fewer words, Hao often meets difficult legal terms that have no direct match. In such situations, she carefully explains the meaning for deaf people. There are also grammatical differences between Chinese and sign language. “For example, the words ‘put out a fire’ are signed as a fire put out in sign language because deaf people describe what they see first,” Hao explained. Hao feels stressed at work because accuracy (准确性) is important in legal interpretations. Her stress also comes from the fact that sign language has “dialects”. The same word can be expressed with different hand signs depending on where a deaf person is from. “For example, people in Inner Mongolia and Chongqing use different signs for the word ‘true’,” Hao explained. Having traveled to over 30 cities in China, she has learned about the ways deaf people across the country use sign language. In her spare time, Hao reads many law books and talks with lawyers and her deaf coworkers to improve her professional ability. “My parents are deaf, so I understand the difficulties faced by the deaf community. I want to do everything I can to help them,” Hao said. 11．Who can help deaf people talk to hearing people according to the passage? 12．When did Hao Shuxin start to learn sign language? 13．Why does Hao feel stressed at work? 14．How does Hao improve her professional ability in her free time? 15．What do you think of Hao? And why? (请自拟一句话作答) Passage 16 For centuries, China has been known as a “Liyi Zhibang”. There were many kinds of greeting manners in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) is a classic one. Today, though Chinese usually shake hands when meeting others, people still make fist and palm salutes when they visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals (葬礼). Fist and palm salute has a history of over 3000 years. Since West Zhou Dynasty people had used this way. In ancient time, if people met a stranger, one would prepare for a fight if they had to, and hands were always ready for holding weapons (武器). Holding hands together pointed to themselves was a meaning of expressing the kindness. Later it became one of traditional Chinese manners when meeting each other or show thanks. How to do Fist and Palm Salute properly? First, stand at attention (立正). Then, if you are a man, right-hand half-fist, and then left-hand hold the right-hand in front of your chest (胸). Next, watch each other in the eyes, raise both hands to brow (额头), bent down (弯腰) and shake hands towards each other for three times. Also, you could say some lucky greeting words to each other for three times. Also, you could say some lucky words to each other. stand at attention→right-hand half-fist for man→______ Common Mistake: Fist & Plam Salute is NOT the same to Hold Fist Salute Hold fist salute is called Baoquan li (抱拳礼). It means holding a fist in the other hand. The gesture (手势) of hold fist salute is that the right hand is made a fist, the left hand is to hold or cover the right fist. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and does not point to yourself. Hold fist salute shows the humility (谦卑) The hold fist salute is often widely used among the kung fu masters and students. 16．On what occasions (场合) should Chinese make fist and palm salute? 17．Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 18．According to the first picture, what’s the difference between men and women when they make fist and palm salute? 19．Please complete the chart (图表). What else can people do when making the fist and palm salute? 20．Can you tell the differences between the fist and palm salute and hold fist salute? (One example is OK.) 21．What other Chinese manners do you know? How can we pass on it? 话题5环保 Passage 17 Above the Sky: The First Hotel in Space Are you dreaming of future travels to space? Your dream will come true soon. It’s reported that people will have an “out-of-the-world” experience by staying at a hotel high above the earth in 2027. The hotel is called Voyager Space Station (VSS). It is like a sky wheel. There will be rooms, restaurants, bars, gyms, reading rooms and scientific research laboratories. It’s eco-friendly by getting power from the sun. It will have rooms for up to 400 people, including scientists, astronauts, and even some people to live there for a long time. You’ll pay 5 million dollars for each 3-day stay. The hotel will serve traditional “space food”—like freeze-dried ice cream. You’re also going to have top cooks making really good food. You can go on spacewalks to enjoy the beauty of the earth and space. And the most amazing part? You can enjoy 32 sunrises and sunsets each day because the hotel travels around the earth very quickly. “The building of the VSS will start in 2026 and welcome its first visitors in 2027. It will be the world’s first space hotel. We’re trying to make people realize that this golden age of space travel is just around the corner. It’s coming fast,” scientists say. In fact, living in space is not just a dream anymore. “Guests can take a shower in special water-saving ways, sleep in floating beds, and even join scientific experiments (实验)”, says Mark John, a space expert. For students like us, maybe one day we can also visit the VSS on a school trip! Although the ticket is very expensive now, scientists believe the price will go down in the future. Space travel will become just like taking an airplane trip today. So keep dreaming and studying hard—the stars are waiting for you! 1．Is the VSS designed to look like a traditional hotel on the Earth? 2．How many people can the VSS hold at most? 3．How long can you stay at VSS if you pay 15 million dollars? 4．What is the most amazing part for guests on the space hotel? 5．What do you think of VSS? Passage 18 Shanghai has just opened its first “forest library” to the public. It has caught much attention from book lovers and people who like nature. Unlike traditional indoor libraries, the “forest library” is special because it is built to keep the forest as it is—every tree, bush and green area stays natural. The library is called Read & Joy Forest. It is located (位于) in a green space next to Shanghai Library East. It covers 20,546 square meters and is fully open-air. There are rows of strong wooden benches for readers to sit comfortably. A small information desk with volunteers is there to help visitors. Green areas are connected by winding (蜿蜒的) wooden walkways that fit well with nature. The forest has many kinds of trees, like tall pine trees and leafy maple trees. This way, visitors can walk slowly through the quiet, green forest and also get a rare (难得的) chance to relax with a book while hearing birds sing and leaves move. People love reading here. Wang Xiaohua, said, “I love the fresh air and the way sunlight comes through the trees. Being around nature calms me down. So I’ll come back every weekend for sure.” Another reader added, “I worked indoors all morning, looking at a screen. So I came here to breathe fresh air. The smell of pine and soil is so relaxing. It’s the perfect place to slow down and enjoy a good book.”     Young adults visit the “forest library” most because they want a quiet place away from city life. When they are not reading, many walk slowly along the wooden paths. They sometimes stop to enjoy the trees or listen to the forest sound. So the “forest library” is not just for reading—it’s also a peaceful place to relax both mind and body. 6．Why is the “forest library” special? 7．Where is Read & Joy Forest located? 8．According to the passage, who visits the “forest library” most? 9．What do you think of the “forest library”? Why do you think so? (Please give two reasons.) Passage 18 In many countries of the world, people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish because it really makes us worried. We don’t want our world to become a big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland, to reduce plastic bags, the government decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002, Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the country. One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It helps the environment by recycling useful things. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important solutions to the problem of rubbish. For example, people can bring their own water bottles instead of buying plastic ones. They can also reuse old clothes as cleaning rags or shopping bags. These small actions help reduce rubbish. 10．What did the Irish government do to reduce plastic bags? 11．Why did the people of Zanzibar stop making plastic bags? 12．How does Freecycle help protect the environment? 13．What is one example of using less or reusing things in the passage? 14．What can we do to reduce waste in our daily life? (答案须与文中例子不同) Passage 19 Rivers are like the blood vessels (血管) of our planet. They carry water across the land, providing life for plants, animals and humans. Among all the rivers in the world, the Nile River in Africa is the longest, stretching about 6,650 kilometers. But which river has the largest volume of water? That’s the Amazon River in South America. Rivers are important in many ways. They give us fresh water to drink and to water our crops. They provide homes for fish and other wildlife. They also allow ships to travel between cities, making trade and travel much easier. For thousands of years, people have built their cities along rivers because rivers provide water and transportation. However, rivers around the world are facing serious problems. Pollution from factories and farms is making river water unsafe. Climate change is causing some rivers to dry up, while others are flooding more often. We are also taking too much water from some rivers, leaving too little for the wildlife that depends on them. The good news is that people are starting to take action to protect rivers. Many countries have passed laws to stop factories from polluting rivers. Communities around the world are planting trees along riverbanks to prevent soil from washing away. And more and more people are learning about the importance of keeping our rivers clean. Rivers give us so much. Now it’s our turn to give something back. By working together, we can ensure that these life-giving waters continue to flow for generations to come. 15．How long is the Nile River? 16．Why have people built their cities along rivers for thousands of years? 17．List three problems that rivers are facing today. 18．What are some actions people are taking to protect rivers? 19．What does the writer mean by “it’s our turn to give something back”? Passage 20 Different lakes have different colours. According to a 2022 study, around one-third of the world’s lakes are blue. However, global warming may turn them green or even brown. Xiao Yang from Southern Methodist University in the USA and his team looked at the colour of over 85, 000 lakes based on their satellite photos from 2013 to 2020. They found that lakes in places with cooler average summer air temperatures—below 19℃—were more likely to be blue than lakes in places with warmer summers. The study said that water molecules (分子) absorb (吸收) the long wavelengths (波长) from the sunlight, such as red, orange and yellow. They leave behind the shorter ones, making a lake look green and blue. So the cleaner the water is, the bluer it looks. In warmer lakes, algae (藻) and phytoplankton (浮游植物) grow easily. Their colours are green and even brown. They give the lake a different colour. If the temperature goes on rising because of climate change, the study said that one in ten blue lakes might change the colour. Humans get their drinking water from lakes, streams and ground water. As lakes become greener, people may lose lots of clean water. Because of this, treating the water of such lakes becomes more expensive. At the same time, blue lakes are also a source (来源) of a place to play. Some people, according to Catherine O’Reilly, a co-author of the study, consider blue lakes as a refuge (避难所) or spiritual (精神的) place. As these blue lakes disappear, they may feel sad. For lake animals, the development of algae and phytoplankton in greener lakes can provide more food. However, more algae and phytoplankton mean less oxygen (氧气) for the lake animals, and this may kill them. 20．Why do some lakes change their colours? 21．What do water molecules absorb according to the study? 22．How many lakes might change the colour according to the study? 23．What do some people consider blue lakes as? 24．What do you learn from the passage? (请自拟一句话作答) Passage 21 The year 2026 is a meaningful year for China. It is the 10th anniversary (周年) of Yangtze River ecological water control(生态治水), the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March(长征) , and also the opening year of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan. In this special year, many young people take action to show their love for the country and sense of responsibility, becoming common heroes around us. Wang Zhe, 24, a food delivery (外卖) rider in Wuhan In March 2026, Wang was on his way to deliver food when he saw a child fall into the cold lake in a local park. He stopped his electric bike at once, took off his coat and jumped into the lake without thinking. He swam fast to the child and pulled him to the bank safely. When the child’s parents arrived and wanted to thank him, he had already left to finish his delivery work. His brave action was reported by People’s Daily Online, and he was awarded the title of “Excellent Young Man in Wuhan”. Liu Jia, 28, an ecological protector in Chongqing As a young worker of Yangtze River ecological protection, Liu has been busy with the Yangtze River water quality monitoring(监测)and river beach cleaning for 4 years. Liu leads a team of young volunteers to walk along the Yangtze River every weekend. They collect garbage, check water quality and spread environmental protection knowledge to passers-by. “After 10 years of protection, the Yangtze River is clearer, and finless porpoises (江豚) appear more often. We will keep guarding our mother river,” Liu said. Zhang Yu, 22, a college student in Lanzhou In April 2026, to celebrate the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March, Zhang took part in the “Walking the Long March Route” activity in Huining, Gansu Province. He walked over 30 kilometers with other young students, listened to the stories of the Red Army heroes and visited the Long March Memorial Hall. “The Long March spirit teaches us to be brave and never give up. As the youth of the 15th Five-Year Plan, we should study hard and pass on this spirit to build our country better,” Zhang shared his feelings. These young people come from different jobs, but they all use small actions to make contributions. They set a great example for middle school students. 25．Why is 2026 a meaningful year for China? (Give one reason) 26．Use one word in the text to describe Wang Zhe’s action. 27．What does Liu Jia and her team do to protect the Yangtze River? 28．①Where did Zhang Yu go for the activity?②What can we learn from these young people? 话题6学习方式 Passage 22 A resolution is a strong decision to do something. Many people make resolutions at the beginning of the New Year. A middle school in Taiyuan did a survey among 100 students about their New Year’s resolutions. Getting better grades, exercising more often, eating more healthily and reading more books are the top four. The survey also showed that though students make one or more resolutions every year, less than 8% of them actually succeed. Here are several ways to make it easier for you to keep your resolutions. Set small resolutions   Setting small goals is much better than trying to make big ones. 35% of New Year’s resolutions fail because of this. If you plan to improve your physical health, for example, you will have a better chance with a little exercise each day. Make a plan. A plan can make it easier for you to make your resolutions come true. For example, if you want to take up a sport as a hobby, first, you need to decide what kind of sport you will play and how often you will do it. Then, try to make a detailed (详细的) plan. Once you have made your plan, try your best to keep it! Track (跟踪) your progress. The reason why some people fail to keep their New Year’s resolutions is that they don’t track their progress. You should first write down your resolutions in a notebook or diary. If your plan is to read books, write down how many pages you plan to read every week. Make marks of the page number every time you read. This way, you can track your progress closely. This will help you to keep trying hard. Besides, tracking your progress can make you more confident. Every time you achieve something, even if it is a small one, you will probably get a feeling of achievement and that will encourage you to move on. 1．What is a resolution? 2．How many students make resolutions about exercising more often according to the survey? 3．Why cannot 35% of the New Year’s resolutions come true? 4．What are the benefits (好处) of tracking your progress according to the passage? 5．What’s your New Year’s resolution? How are you going to keep it? Passage 23 Teach Yourself How to Be More Patient In today’s digital world, people are no longer used to having to wait. But being patient is really important for us. There are actually health benefits to being patient. One of the main ones is that it helps to relieve stress. Here are some ways that you can train yourself to be more patient. Be more mindful. Practicing mindfulness in your everyday life can help you become more patient. That’s because mindfulness helps you live in the present moment. This allows you not to get stressed out about some future happening. If you find your mind wandering about future things, there are ways you can bring yourself back into the present. Take deep breaths to connect to your senses, slow down, and do some relaxation exercises. Accept the things you can’t control. There are some things that you can control, like an untidy house and things you cannot control, like being stuck in traffic. Set goals to change the things in your life that you can control, whether it is exercising more or spending more time with your partner. As for the traffic problem, find a less stressful way to spend the time. You can learn to be more mindful by taking up tai chi, or yoga. Become more patient with people around you. It is easy to get impatient when the people around you are not doing what you expect them to do, like waiting for a friend or being late for school. But rather than just being angry, you can tell yourself that this happened. Listen and share your feelings with others. Being patient with others can help you become a more patient person. 6．What is the advantage of being patient?    7．How can you bring yourself back to the present when thinking about the future?    8．What should we do with the things we can control?    9．What can we do when we are in a traffic jam according to the passage?    10．What will you do to become more patient in your daily life?    Passage 24 When we are at school, we all want to get better at studying. Before quizzes, exams, or projects, preparing well is always important. But what’s the best way to study? Should we sit alone in a quiet place, or study with friends? Studying alone can mean different things—like sitting quietly in a library or a table with headphones. This way of studying has both good and bad points. The biggest advantages are fewer distractions (分心), setting your own pace and better focus. When you’re alone, you don’t have to talk to others, so you can focus only on your work. You can take breaks when you feel tired, or read at a speed that’s comfortable for you. This is helpful because no one knows your learning needs better than you. Also, studying alone lets you spend more time on topics you find hard and less time on things you already understand well. However, studying alone has a problem: without friends around, it’s easy to get off task. Even good students might waste hours on their phones or watching videos without noticing. Friends can push you to stay focused, but you don’t get that when you’re alone. Studying in groups (usually 2-5 people) also has pros and cons. Group study helps you remember things better. When you explain ideas to others, you remember them more easily. You can also learn more from your friends—everyone brings different knowledge to the group. The best part is that friends can keep you motivated. When others are studying, you’re less likely to get distracted, and you can work harder together. But groups have drawbacks too. The group can only be as productive as the least focused person. If one person is noisy, checks his phone a lot, or talks about other things, it can ruin the study time for everyone. Everyone learns differently, so the best study method is the one that works for you. You might need to try both alone and group study to find out what helps you most. For me, group study is better. I feel less stressed, and my friends keep me on track. When I study alone, I sometimes end up watching videos online for an hour without realizing it! Both methods have good and bad sides, so it’s up to you to choose what helps you succeed. 11．What is always important before quizzes, exams, or projects? 12．What are the biggest advantages when you study alone? 13．Why can people learn more from their friends in group study? 14．Do you want to study alone or study in groups? Why? (Give two reasons.) Passage 25 A group of middle school students in yellow vests gathered excitedly outside the Guiyang International Convention and Exhibition Center. They were chosen by the Guanshanhu District Media Center and would work as bilingual (双语) reporters at the 2025 China International Big Data (大数据) Industry Expo for the first time. Li Yihan and Wang Zini were among them and their English abilities were quite different. Li was good at reading and writing, but she was too shy to speak in public. Wang, however, was active and enjoyed talking with others, but she had a very small vocabulary. To get fully ready for the big event, they took professional pre-job training and tried their best to improve their English. Li practiced speaking English every day. She read interview scripts (稿子) loudly in front of the mirror, recorded her voice and compared it with native speakers’. She also remembered some useful big data words. Wang took an active part in role-play activities and wrote down new words in a notebook to review them very often. During the expo, they talked with international exhibitors (参展商) and reported on amazing new technologies like drone (无人机) soccer. Speaking English was not easy for the two 14-year-old students, especially when facing difficult technical terms (专业术语). But they quickly found a good way out. They changed the topic to daily life and cultural communication, such as introducing Guiyang’s local food. They were nervous at first, but the exhibitors’ warmth helped them relax soon. 15．Were Li Yihan’s and Wang Zini’s English abilities the same? 16．How did they deal with difficult technical terms when talking with international exhibitors? 17．What do the two students have in common during this whole experience? 18．Do you think it is necessary for middle school students to take part in such social practice activities? Why or why not? (about 30 words) 2 / 23 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04阅读与表达 话题1 生活方式（常考点） 话题4 语言与交流（常考点） 话题2 助人精神（常考点） 话题5 环保（常考点） 话题3 选择（常考点） 话题6学习方式（常考点） 话题1 生活方式 Passage 1 Then Charles and Hal went out and bought six more dogs, so they now had fourteen. But the new dogs were not real sledge-dogs and they knew nothing about the work. Charles and Hal put them into harness, but Buck could not teach them how to pull a sledge. So now there were six dogs who couldn’t pull at all, and eight dogs who were tired after pulling for four thousand kilometers. But Charles and Hal were happy. They had more dogs than any sledge that they had seen at Skagway. The next morning Buck led the team up the street. They moved slowly, because they were tired before they started. Buck had pulled to Dawson and back twice, and he didn’t want to do it again. It took them a long time to get ready to leave. And when they did start, they often had to stop because something had fallen off the sledge. On some days they traveled 20 kilometers and on some days only 10. They didn’t have enough dog food when they started and they used what they had much too quickly. Hal and Mercedes both gave the dogs extra food with different purposes. But it was not food that they wanted, but rest. Soon Hal saw that they had traveled only a quarter of the way, but had eaten half their food. He had to give the dogs less food. Unfortunately, the six new dogs, now weak and ill from hunger and hard work, died. Hal, Charles and Mercedes had started the journey happily, but now they were tired, cross and miserable. Charles and Hal argued about everything, because each thought that he was working harder than the other. Mercedes was unhappy because she thought that she shouldn’t have to work. 1．How many dogs did Charles and Hal have after buying new dogs? 2．Why did the sledge often have to stop after they started their journey? 3．Though they gave the dogs extra food, what did the dogs really need? 4．What happened to the six new dogs in the end? 5．List the main difficulties that Hal, Charles and Mercedes faced during their journey. (请至少写出两点) 【答案】1．Fourteen dogs. /14 dogs. 2．They often had to stop because something had fallen off the sledge. 3．Rest. 4．They died at last. 5．(1)They didn’t have enough dog food and used it too quickly. (2)They traveled slowly and couldn't cover much distance each day. 【知识点】记叙文、常见动物、细节理解 【导语】本文主要介绍了查尔斯、哈尔等人因盲目添加不专业的雪橇犬、缺乏规划和管理能力带来的一系列的问题。 1．根据“Then Charles and Hal went out and bought six more dogs, so they now had fourteen.”可知，新买了六只狗，目前一共是十四只。故填14 dogs./fourteen dogs. 2．根据“And when they did start, they often had to stop because something had fallen off the sledge. ”可知，因为一些东西总是从雪橇上掉下来，导致他们不得不停下。故填They often had to stop because something had fallen off the sledge. 3．根据“But it was not food that they wanted, but rest.”可知，狗需要的不是食物是休息。故填Rest. 4．根据“Unfortunately, the six new dogs, now weak and ill from hunger and hard work, died.”可知，新来的狗最后都因为饥饿死掉了。故填They died at last. 5．根据“They didn’t have enough dog food when they started and they used what they had much too quickly. ”和“ On some days they traveled 20 kilometers and on some days only 10.”可知，食物短缺和行进速度慢是他们面对的主要困难。故填(1)They didn’t have enough dog food and used it too quickly. (2)They traveled slowly and couldn't cover much distance each day. Passage 2 ROOTS & SHOOTS Most people suffer from what is called “Just-me-ism”. This is the idea that one person’s small wrong actions make no difference. You know wasting water, leaving lights on or littering is wrong, but you think: “I’m just me. What harm can it do?” If only a few people thought this way, it would be fine. But when millions of people do the same, it causes serious waste and harm to the world. To encourage young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was started. This institute (协会) was set up in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees. In addition to her research, she tries her best to protect the environment. The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, from preschoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature. The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation (基础), and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world. Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in. Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile, when you make a dog wag its tail, and when you water a thirsty plant? One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and that’s what Roots & Shoots is all about: the value and importance of each individual (个人) — human, animal or plant. Dr. Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is this: “Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.” You get to choose: Do you want to use your life to make the world a better place for people, animals and the environment? Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart? Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future? You cannot be absent. It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands — millions — of people, and this is what is going to change the world. 6．What is “Just-me-ism”? 7．Why is the organization called Roots & Shoots? 8．What activity can you organize for your classmates to practice the idea of Roots & Shoots? Why? (List at least 2 reasons) 【答案】6．It is the idea that one person’s small wrong actions make no difference. 7．Because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light. 8．I can organize a park clean-up activity. First, it helps protect the environment and reduce litter. Second, it shows every small action of individuals can make a difference, which fits the spirit of Roots & Shoots. 【知识点】说明文、社团/俱乐部、哲理感悟 【导语】本文为说明文，介绍“就我一个”的危害，讲述简・古道尔创立的根与芽组织的创立初衷、命名含义与核心理念，强调每个个体的行动都能改变世界。 6．第一段第二句“This is the idea that one person’s small wrong actions make no difference.”直接指出“就我一个”是什么，答案几乎直接提取原句。 7．第三段第一句“The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation (基础), and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.”直接给出这个组织叫做根与芽的原因，答案直接提取原句。 8．本题为开放性试题，组织的活动要贴合环保、关爱生命、互助的核心思想，并给出理由，答案不唯一。 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 Passage 3 Gardening as part of the school curriculum (课程) began in the United States in the early 1900s and school gardening has become very popular over the years. Parents and teachers say these hands-on lessons can be used to teach many subjects. Susan Hobart is a school teacher at Lake View Elementary School in Madison. She and her students look after the school’s large garden with 12 raised beds. “Gardens are a great way to get kids outside with a purpose. With the school gardens, kids can get to see a beginning, a middle and an end to their project. If they just sat at their desks, they wouldn’t have this experience.” Hobart said. She added that the gardens helped calm the kids and gave them a different viewpoint about soil and food. “If we had to buy the seedlings (幼苗) , they’d cost $3 each and we could never afford that,” Hobart says. “But there are plenty of creative ways to find help. We got seeds (种子) and seedlings from local botanical gardens (植物园) and our communities.” Each spring, the school’s children plant seeds and seedlings in the garden. Over the summer, teachers and young children take care of the garden together. Hobart says that gardens do not have to take up a large area outdoors. For schools without space for even a small garden, turning to local botanical gardens and parks can sometimes be the answer. In the school garden, teachers can teach students how to grow food and flowers. They can also teach science, social studies and even art there. “Giving kids the opportunity to go outside, get their hands dirty, and find worms, especially if their teachers are excited about it—that’s important,” Hobart said. Finley, their headmaster, supports teaching city kids about seeds and growing. He aims to “change the culture around food”. He remembered how amazing it was for his students to see “a seed becomes food”. “Having a garden in a school is just as important as any other form of education,” Finley says. “The act of gardening teaches you where our food sources come from and teaches you to have a feeling of great respect for soil. If kids have a reverence (尊敬) for soil, they have a reverence for themselves and respect for the planet. Gardening is not a hobby, it’s a life skill. I see this as one of the most valuable lessons of humanity.” 9．When did gardening begin as part of school curriculum in the United States? 10．Where did the students at Lake View Elementary School find seeds and seedlings? 11．What can teachers teach in the school garden? 12．Do you think doing gardening is important in your school? Why? (At least two reasons) 【答案】9． In the early 1900s. 10． From local botanical gardens and their communities. 11． How to grow food and flowers, science, social studies and even art. 12． Yes, I do. Because it teaches us where our food sources come from and helps us have a feeling of great respect for soil. 【知识点】文体活动、教育、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了美国的学校园艺课程以及老师和校长对它的看法。 【详解】9．第1段“Gardening as part of the school curriculum (课程) began in the United States in the early 1900s”可推知，在20世纪初，美国就开始了园艺课程。 10．第4段“We got seeds (种子) and seedlings from local botanical gardens (植物园) and our communities.”可推知，他们的种子和幼苗来自当地的植物园和社区。 11．第6段“In the school garden, teachers can teach students how to grow food and flowers. They can also teach science, social studies and even art there.”可推知，老师可以教学生如何种植食物和花卉，以及科学、社会研究甚至艺术。 12．本题为开放性问题，结合文章内容和自身实际作答，言之有理即可，注意需要提供至少两个理由。 阅读回答问题，每题答案不超过10个单词。 Passage 4 A “Walking Ideological and Political Class” (行走的思政课) is a special way of learning. Instead of just sitting in a classroom, students go to museums, memorial halls, or old battle (战役) sites to learn about history, culture and social responsibility (责任). They learn by seeing, walking, and experiencing history with their own eyes and feet. A good example is No.2 Middle School in Guyuan, Ningxia. Every year before Tomb-Sweeping Day, the school organizes a long walk for its students. They walk 54 kilometers—to visit a memorial hall for revolutionary heroes. The walk takes more than ten hours, and many students feel very tired, but they keep going because they want to honor the heroes who gave their lives for the country. This kind of class helps students learn in three important ways. First, it helps them remember history much better. When students from Guyuan No.2 Middle School finally arrive at the memorial hall after such a long walk, they never forget what they see and feel there. History stops being just words on a page and becomes a real memory. Second, it helps students understand how hard life was in the past. Walking 54 kilometers is very difficult, but students learn that real soldiers walked much farther with almost no food or rest and in terrible weather. This makes students feel grateful for the peaceful and comfortable life they have today. Third, this class helps students think about their own duty. After such a meaningful experience, many students ask themselves, “What can I do for my country?” Some decide to study harder, and others decide to help their community. In this way, history lessons turn into personal goals. In short, a “Walking Ideological and Political Class” is not just a school trip. It is a powerful way to learn values (价值), responsibility, and gratitude (感激)—not from a textbook, but from real life. 13．Where do students usually have this Walking Ideological and Political Class? 14．When does No.2 Middle School in Guyuan, Ningxia organize this walk? 15．Why do students keep walking when they feel tired during the walk? 16．What do students decide to do after this experience? 17．What do you think of the Walking Ideological and Political Class? 【答案】13．In museums, memorial halls, or old battle sites. 14．Every year before Tomb-Sweeping Day. 15．Because they want to honor the heroes. 16．To study harder or help their community. 17．It is meaningful and helpful.(言之合理即可) 【知识点】游览活动、方法/策略、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“行走的思政课”这一特殊学习方式，通过宁夏固原二中的实例，阐述了其对学生记忆历史、理解过去生活及思考责任的三大益处。 【详解】13．文章第1段提到“students go to museums, memorial halls, or old battle sites（学生去博物馆、纪念馆或旧战场）”，上课地点为博物馆、纪念馆或旧战场。故填In museums, memorial halls, or old battle sites. 14．文章第2段提到“Every year before Tomb-Sweeping Day（每年清明节前）”，时间为每年清明节前。故填Every year before Tomb-Sweeping Day. 15．文章第2段指出“because they want to honor the heroes（因为他们想纪念英雄）”，坚持行走的原因是他们想纪念英雄。故填Because they want to honor the heroes. 16．文章第5段提到“Some decide to study harder, and others decide to help their community（有些人决定更努力学习，其他人决定帮助社区）”，学生决定更努力学习或帮助社区。故填To study harder or help their community. 17．文章第6段提到“It is a powerful way（这是一种强有力的方式）”及全文内容，对该课程的评价可以是“有意义的和有帮助的”等，答案不唯一。故填It is meaningful and helpful. Passage 5 If you ever find yourself at a birthday celebration for an elderly person in China, don’t be surprised when someone passes you a warm, fluffy bun (包子) that looks exactly like a rosy pink peach. That’s shòutáo bāo, or the longevity peach bun. It is made from wheat flour and filled with smooth red bean paste (红豆沙) or lotus paste (莲蓉). In China, shòutáo bāo is far more than just dessert — it’s a delicious piece of cultural heritage. The story behind the peach buns begins with ancient mythology. Longevity peach buns stand for the Peaches of Immortality (蟠桃) in ancient Chinese legend. They are grown in the garden of the Queen Mother of the West. They ripen only once every three thousand years. It’s said that people can live forever after eating them. In another story, the peach symbolizes long life because of the folk story of Shou Xing Gong. This Chinese God of Longevity is said to have lived a very long life. The peach he carried has also become a symbol of longevity. Over the centuries, the peach developed gradually from a mythical fruit into the symbol of a long, healthy life. While fresh peaches aren’t always in season for winter birthdays, clever bakers long ago in Guangdong province solved this problem by making buns that are in the shape of peaches. Today, people across the country often order them for their parents or grandparents as a wish for a long life. A longevity peach bun carries a heavy, wonderful weight of blessing. Offering a longevity peach bun to an elder isn’t just saying “Happy Birthday”. It’s a silent, heartfelt wish that says: May you live as long as the Southern Mountain, and may your years be as eternal (永恒不朽的) as the flowing river! The act of sharing the bun also ties the family together in a shared hope for the health of their elder family members. Apart from peach buns, Chinese people also eat longevity noodles to celebrate their birthdays. And it is commonly believed that people should eat the noodles without breaking them into pieces. This is because ________. 18．Is the longevity peach bun always filled with bean paste? 19．Why did bakers in Guangdong start making peach-shaped buns long ago? 20．According to paragraph 4, what kinds of blessing does a longevity peach bun carry? 21．Please finish the missing part in the last paragraph. (about 30 words) 【答案】18．No. / No, it isn’t. 19．Because fresh peaches aren’t always in season for winter birthdays. / Because fresh peaches aren’t always available for birthdays in winter. 20．It carries the best wishes for a happy birthday, a silent and heartfelt wish for a long life and a shared hope for the health of the elders. 21．people believe long noodles stand for good luck, so eating them whole sends warm wishes for elders to live long and keep healthy all the time 【知识点】食物、说明文、中华文化 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国寿桃包的起源、象征意义、制作原因以及长寿面的习俗，展示了其中蕴含的长寿祝福文化。 【详解】18．根据文章第1段“filled with smooth red bean paste or lotus paste（填充光滑的红豆沙或莲蓉）”可推知结论馅料不一定是豆沙，也可以是莲蓉。故填No, it isn’t. 19．根据文章第3段“While fresh peaches aren't always in season for winter birthdays（虽然新鲜桃子并不总是在冬季生日时当季）”可推知结论制作桃形包是为了解决新鲜桃子季节性问题。 20．原文第4段明确指出寿桃包承载两重祝福：一是直接的长寿健康祝愿，以“寿比南山、福如东海”的意象表达对长辈长寿安康的期盼；二是深层的家庭情感联结，分享寿桃包的行为凝聚了全家对长辈健康的共同期盼，传递了亲情与团圆的美好寓意。 21．根据文章第5段“people should eat the noodles without breaking them into pieces（人们应该吃面条而不把它们弄断）”及常识可推知结论长寿面象征长寿，弄断寓意不佳，吃整根面条寓意健康长寿。 Passage 6 Having breakfast can give energy to your body and brain (大脑). It helps you stay strong and gives you lots of energy to start the day. When you eat breakfast, your body gets what it needs to work well. This can make it hard for you to get sick and help you grow well. According to (根据) some studies, students who eat morning meals score 15% higher in tests than those without breakfast. In schools with breakfast plans, fewer students come to school late and more students take part in classroom activities better. At the same time, students who don’t have breakfast are easy to be angry or sleepy. They often feel weak and find it hard to listen to teachers carefully in class. They cannot think clearly. Then, you may want to know what to eat for breakfast. Healthy choices like eggs, milk or fruit give nutrition (营养) to keep energy until lunch. Milk is good for your bones and teeth. It gives you energy as well. Apples can give you a lot of vitamins. You can have one as part of your breakfast. Try not to choose food with too much sugar, because it may make the energy drop (下滑) quickly. Instead, add fruit and nuts for nutrition. Remember that even a 10-minute breakfast matters (要紧). You can prepare simple meals the night before to save time. Your body and brain will thank you. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 22．What does your body get when you have breakfast? 23．What are the healthy choices for breakfast? 24．Why does the writer tell us not to choose food with too much sugar? 25．If people want to save time to make breakfast, what can they do? 26．Is having breakfast important or not? 【答案】22．When I have breakfast, my body gets what it needs to work well. 23．Eggs, milk or fruit. 24．Because it may make the energy drop quickly. 25．They can prepare simple meals the night before. 26．It’s important. 【知识点】说明文、健康饮食 【导语】本文介绍了吃早餐对身体和学习的好处，推荐了健康的早餐选择，并给出省时的准备建议，强调早餐的重要性。 【详解】22．第一段“When you eat breakfast, your body gets what it needs to work well.”指出当你吃早餐时，你的身体会获得正常运转所需的一切，答案可直接引用原文信息。 23．第三段“Healthy choices like eggs, milk or fruit give nutrition to keep energy until lunch.”直接表明健康早餐的选择，答案可直接引用原文列举食物作答。 24．第三段“Try not to choose food with too much sugar, because it may make the energy drop quickly.”直接指出含糖量太多的食物会让你的精力迅速下降，答案可直接引用原文所指出的原因作答。 25．第四段“You can prepare simple meals the night before to save time.”表明人们可以在前一晚准备好简单的餐食，答案可直接引用原文作答。 26．根据全文内容可知，全文明确说明早餐非常重要，故填It’s important. Passage 7 How do our food choices affect the environment? Producing the foods we eat has massive environmental impacts: it requires vast tracts of land and huge quantities of water. In addition to using land and water, food production results in greenhouse gas emissions—from the fossil fuels burned to run tractors and harvesters, for example, and from the gases released when cow manure decomposes (粪便分解) and from when cows burp and fart (打嗝和放屁). These emissions add up: scientists estimate that food production around the world contributes up to 30% of all the greenhouse gases people release to the atmosphere each year. Raising cows and sheep for meat has an especially large environmental footprint with regards to land use, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions. Because of this, we wanted to find out: Would changing people’s diets have a significant environmental effect? And if so, which diets are likely to be healthiest for ourselves and for the planet? We identified 14 diets that scientists have proposed as being more environmentally sustainable: these included vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian (鱼素者，吃鱼不吃肉的半素食主义者), and replacing red meat with pork and chicken, to name a few. Overall, our review found that reducing meat intake generally resulted in less greenhouse gas emissions, less land use, and less water use. The environmental impact from switching to alternative diets varied greatly across the studies—some found changes of 70% less greenhouse gas emissions and land use, while others found only slight reductions or even increases. The more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption. Being conscious about both the environmental impacts and the healthiness of the foods we eat is an important start. For most of us, following healthy guidelines for a balanced diet would go a long way to improving health and environmental sustainability. 27．What impacts does food production have on the environment? 28．In terms of our daily diet, what can we do to reduce environmental impacts? 29．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Diets like vegan, vegetarian, and pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat. 30．Apart from what has been mentioned in the passage, what can we do to make our life more eco-friendly? (In about 40 words) 【答案】27．Using land and water and resulting in greenhouse gas emissions./ Food production uses land and water and results in greenhouse emission. 28．Reducing meat intake./We can reduce meat intake. / Reducing meat intake is what we can do. 29．Diets like vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat. The more sustainable diets are due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption. 30．We should have energy-saving awareness and do something that we can, for instance using the bus rather than the car when you go out, reusing the things that can be recycled, reducing the use of plastic bags and so on. 【知识点】说明文、健康饮食 【导语】本文介绍了食品生产对环境的影响，并分析了减少肉类摄入、增加蔬果摄入对环境可持续发展和身体健康的积极作用。 【详解】27．根据第一段中“it requires vast tracts of land and huge quantities of water…food production results in greenhouse gas emissions…”可知，粮食生产会消耗大量的土地和水资源，并产生温室气体排放。 28．根据第四段中“Overall, our review found that reducing meat intake generally resulted in less greenhouse gas emissions…”可知，在日常饮食中，我们可以通过减少肉类摄入来降低对环境的影响。 29．划线部分：due to the absence of red meat。根据第五段中“The more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.”可知，更可持续的饮食被认为更健康，是因为增加了蔬菜和水果的摄入，并且减少了红肉和加工肉类的消费，而不是因为完全没有红肉。 30．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。我们可以通过增强节能意识并付诸行动来保护环境，例如：We should have energy-saving awareness and do something that we can, for instance using the bus rather than the car when you go out, reusing the things that can be recycled, reducing the use of plastic bags and so on. 话题2 助人精神 Passage 8 Saying “sorry” is a powerful part of communication. Sometimes we hurt others by accident—maybe we ignore their words or act thoughtlessly. Admitting our mistakes and apologising can fix misunderstandings, but finding the right words isn’t always easy. It takes courage to say we’re wrong! There are many heartfelt ways to apologise. You can write a sincere note, give a small meaningful gift, or simply speak from your heart. Phrases like “I’m sorry if I upset you” or “Thank you for listening—I didn’t mean to be rude” show you care. A genuine apology isn’t just words. It shows you understand how the other person feels. Why is apologising so important for good communication? It helps heal hurt feelings and strengthens relationships. When we say sorry, honestly, we tell others we value them more than being “right”. Even if it’s hard to speak up, apologising makes both people feel better in the end. It’s a key skill for getting along with friends and family. Last week, Mia argued with her best friend Lila because Mia wasn’t listening during their chat. Lila felt sad and stopped talking to her. After thinking for a day, Mia decided to apologise. She wrote a card saying how sorry she was and asked Lila to forgive her. When Lila read the card, she smiled. Mia realised that good communication isn’t just talking—it’s also knowing when to say sorry. Next time she has a misunderstanding with someone, she will bravely say sorry because she knows it can fix conflicts and keep her friendship strong. 31．Why isn’t it always easy to apologise? 32．What are two ways to apologise mentioned in the passage? 33．A genuine apology only includes words, doesn’t it? 34．Why did Lila stop talking to Mia? 35．What is the passage mainly about? 【答案】31．Because finding the right words isn’t always easy and it takes courage to admit we’re wrong. 32．Write a sincere note and give a small meaningful gift. 33．No, it doesn’t. 34．Because Mia didn’t listen to her during their chat and made Lila feel sad. 35．It’s mainly about the importance and ways of apologising in good communication. 【知识点】说明文、哲理感悟、友谊 【导语】本文主要讲述道歉在人际交往与沟通中的重要意义、真诚道歉的方式，并通过米娅和朋友的事例说明学会道歉能化解矛盾、维系良好关系。 【详解】31．第一段“...but finding the right words isn’t always easy. It takes courage to say we’re wrong!”，道歉并不总是容易的原因是“找到恰当的言辞并不总是容易且需要勇气去说我们错了”。需要整合两部分内容进行回答。 32．第一段“You can write a sincere note, give a small meaningful gift, or simply speak from your heart.”，文章中提到了写一封真诚的信件，送一份有意义的小礼物，或者就直接敞开心扉倾诉”三种道歉方式，直接提取两种道歉方式即可。 33．第一段“A genuine apology isn’t just words.”，真正的道歉并不只包含言语。应进行否定回答。 34．最后一段“Last week, Mia argued with her best friend Lila because Mia wasn’t listening during their chat. Lila felt sad and stopped talking to her.”，Lila不跟Mia说话的原因是“Mia在与她交谈时没有倾听她的意见，这让Lila感到很伤心”。几乎直接提取信息。 35．全文围绕道歉展开，介绍道歉作用、方式、生活事例，可结合文章首段第一句回答。 阅读文本，然后根据内容回答问题。 Passage 9 In Shanghai, a new type of intelligent nursing home has opened its doors. It is trying to solve some problems caused by an aging society. One of the most special things here is the use of emotional companion robots (情感陪伴机器人). These robots are of great help to the elderly. With advanced AI technology (先进的人工智能技术), they can recognize various human emotions. When an old person is feeling lonely, the robot can notice the change and start a friendly conversation. It can also repeat the old stories the old man loves to recall (回忆), or play his favorite music. This not only helps the elderly feel less lonely but also improves their mental health. The robots can also help solve the shortage of nursing staff (护理人员). In the past, nursing homes often faced difficulties because there were not enough workers to take care of all the elderly. But now, these robots can complete some simple tasks. They can remind the elderly to take their medicine on time, for example. The use of these robots in the nursing home is a great success. It shows that technology can play an important role in improving the quality of life for the elderly. And it also gives us hope for better solutions to the problems of an aging society in the future. 36．What kind of problems is the new type of intelligent nursing home trying to solve? 37．What can the robot do when an old person is feeling lonely? （List two things） 38．Why did traditional nursing homes often face the difficulties? 39．Do you think the advanced robots in the nursing home should be used widely? Why or why not? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】36．Some problems caused by an aging society. 37．They can start a friendly conversation and play his favorite music. 38．Because there were not enough workers to take care of all the elderly. 39．Yes. Because it saves a large amount of time and reduces the workers’ pressure. It gives the workers more time to stay with the elderly and gives them a comfortable life. It can also work more carefully. （答案合理即可） 【知识点】公共服务、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海新型智能养老院利用情感陪伴机器人来解决老龄化社会带来的一些问题，如缓解老人孤独感和护理人员短缺等，并展望了科技在未来养老中的作用。 【详解】36．根据第一段中“It is trying to solve some problems caused by an aging society.”可知，这种新型智能养老院试图解决的是老龄化社会引起的问题。答案为原文具体信息，直接提取。 37．根据第二段中“start a friendly conversation”、“repeat the old stories the old man loves to recall, or play his favorite music.”可知，当老人感到孤独时，机器人可以做这三件事。作答时需列举其中两件。 38．根据第三段中“In the past, nursing homes often faced difficulties because there were not enough workers to take care of all the elderly.”可知，传统养老院面临困难的原因是护理人员不足。答案为原文具体信息，直接提取。 39．本题是一道开放性试题，询问是否认为高级机器人应在养老院广泛使用及原因。观点需明确，理由需结合文章内容或常识，且字数不少于30词，合理作答即可。 Passage 10 Li Cuili, the owner of a small store in Lishi Village, Neihuang County, Henan Province, has brought nationwide attention to Weiguang Library—her 18-year-old project that started with just 500 books. Li’s idea for the library began in 2008, when she took her son to a village show and left early because of its unhealthy contents. In order to protect children from bad influences, she set up a free library called Weiguang in her store. At first, few villagers understood her idea. To attract children, she gave candies and small gifts to those who read or borrowed books. Soon, more children came, and their parents noticed positive changes. Slowly, the whole village supported her, with many adults volunteering. Over the years, she faced challenges like missing books and short of money. She even collected old books on a tricycle (三轮车), and paid for daily costs with her own money. Today, the library has more than 5,000 books, smart reading equipment and a larger space including a reading room and a yard for activities. It holds about 40 events for the villagers every year. One of them is “cross-age sharing” activity, where elders tell village stories and children teach them to use smartphones. It also holds “4:30 classes” for kids and “women’s classes” for local women. As a National People’s Congress member (全国人大代表), she has put forward ideas to improve rural reading services nationwide. Up to now, the Library has served over 400,000 readers, and its model has spread to 400 places across China. Li always says, “Even a small light can shine brightly in the dark.” And she will keep moving forward on this road. 40．Why did Li Cuili set up Weiguang Library? 41．How did Li Cuili attract children to read or borrow books at first? 42．What activities does Weiguang Library hold for villagers now? List two of them. 43．Have you ever been a helpful person like Li Cuili? Share one of your experiences helping others. Write 30 words or more. 【答案】40．Because she wanted to protect children from bad influences./To protect children from bad influences. 41．She gave candies and small gifts./By giving candies and small gifts. 42．It holds “cross-age sharing” activity, “4:30 classes” and “women’s classes”. (答出其中两点) 43．Yes, I have. Last summer, I volunteered at the community library, reading stories to kids and helping them find their favorite books. I truly believe small acts of kindness can bring light and joy to the people around us. (本题开放题，答案不唯一，合理即可，可以根据作答情况酌情赋分。) 【知识点】志愿服务、阅读、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了河南省内黄县李石村的李翠利为了保护孩子们免受不良影响，创办“微光书苑”并不断发展壮大，最终服务了众多读者并推广到全国各地的感人故事。 【详解】40．根据文章第二段“In order to protect children from bad influences, she set up a free library called Weiguang in her store.”可推知结论李翠利建立微光书苑是为了保护孩子们免受不良影响。答案是原文信息的直接提取。 41．根据文章第三段“To attract children, she gave candies and small gifts to those who read or borrowed books.”可推知结论她起初通过给阅读或借书的孩子发糖果和小礼物来吸引他们。答案是原文信息的直接提取。 42．根据文章第四段“One of them is “cross-age sharing” activity... It also holds “4:30 classes” for kids and “women’s classes” for local women.”可推知结论微光书苑现在为村民举办的活动包括“跨年龄分享”活动、“4点半课堂”和“妇女课堂”，列举其中两个即可。 43．本题为开放性试题，要求回答是否曾像李翠利一样乐于助人，并分享一次帮助他人的经历，字数在30词以上。言之有理，语法正确即可。 话题3选择 Passage 11 A resolution is a strong decision to do something. Many people make resolutions at the beginning of the New Year. A middle school in Taiyuan did a survey among 100 students about their New Year’s resolutions. Getting better grades, exercising more often, eating more healthily and reading more books are the top four. The survey also showed that though students make one or more resolutions every year, less than 8% of them actually succeed. Here are several ways to make it easier for you to keep your resolutions. Set small resolutions   Setting small goals is much better than trying to make big ones. 35% of New Year’s resolutions fail because of this. If you plan to improve your physical health, for example, you will have a better chance with a little exercise each day. Make a plan. A plan can make it easier for you to make your resolutions come true. For example, if you want to take up a sport as a hobby, first, you need to decide what kind of sport you will play and how often you will do it. Then, try to make a detailed (详细的) plan. Once you have made your plan, try your best to keep it! Track (跟踪) your progress. The reason why some people fail to keep their New Year’s resolutions is that they don’t track their progress. You should first write down your resolutions in a notebook or diary. If your plan is to read books, write down how many pages you plan to read every week. Make marks of the page number every time you read. This way, you can track your progress closely. This will help you to keep trying hard. Besides, tracking your progress can make you more confident. Every time you achieve something, even if it is a small one, you will probably get a feeling of achievement and that will encourage you to move on. 1．What is a resolution? 2．How many students make resolutions about exercising more often according to the survey? 3．Why cannot 35% of the New Year’s resolutions come true? 4．What are the benefits (好处) of tracking your progress according to the passage? 5．What’s your New Year’s resolution? How are you going to keep it? 【答案】1．It is a strong decision to do something. 2．20 students. 3．Because they set big goals instead of small ones. 4．It helps us keep trying hard, makes us more confident and gives us a feeling of achievement. 5．My New Year’s resolution is to read more books. I will read two books every month and write down my feelings after reading each one. 【知识点】方法/策略、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了新年决心的定义，展示了太原一所中学100名学生的新年决心调查结果，并给出了保持决心的实用方法。 【详解】1．第一段“A resolution is a strong decision to do something.”答案是原文信息，直接提取。 2．柱状图“exercising more often”占比20%，调查总人数为100人，计算得出100×20%=20人。 3．Set small resolutions部分提到“Setting small goals is much better than trying to make big ones. 35% of New Year’s resolutions fail because of this.”答案是原文信息，直接提取。 4．Track (跟踪) your progress.部分提到“This will help you to keep trying hard. Besides, tracking your progress can make you more confident…you will probably get a feeling of achievement and that will encourage you to move on.”答案是原文信息，直接提取。 5．开放型题目，答案不唯一。示例：我的新年决心是多读书，我会制定阅读计划并记录每周的阅读进度，以此来保持决心。 Passage 12 Innovation (创新) plays an important role in improving life and developing society. It is not just about big inventions but also about small changes in daily life. Everyone can be innovative if they are willing to practice and explore. First, innovation needs practice. You cannot create something new just by thinking. You must do it with your hands. For example, if you want to make a better school bag, you need to cut cloth and design it many times. Each time you fail, you learn something useful. Thomas Edison tried thousands of times before he made the light bulb work. Practice turns simple ideas into real things. Second, innovation requires courage. Many people are afraid of making mistakes. That’s why they only follow old ways. But innovators are different. They are brave to ask “why” and “what if”. When they meet problems, they do not give up. They try strange ideas that others may laugh at. This courage helps them find new methods that no one has tried before. Third, innovation calls for an open mind. You should look at things in different ways. A bottle is not just for holding water. It can become a flower pot or a pencil holder. When you connect old things in new ways, you create surprises. Reading books and talking with different people can give you fresh thoughts. To develop your innovative spirit, start with small steps. Remember, innovation is not a gift for special people. It is a habit that anyone can build through practice, courage and an open mind. Only in this habit will your innovative spirit grow day by day. 6．What is innovation about? 7．Why do many people only follow old ways? 8．What does innovation need according to the text? 9．Why should people develop innovative spirit? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】6．It is not just about big inventions but also about small changes in daily life. 7．Because they are afraid of making mistakes. 8．Practice, courage and an open mind. 9．Because innovation plays an important role in improving life and developing society. Developing innovative spirit helps us come up with new ideas, solve problems better and make our lives and our world better. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【知识点】方法/策略、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了创新在改善生活、推动社会发展中的重要作用，阐释了创新需要具备的三个核心要素（实践、勇气、开放的思维），并鼓励大家通过日常小事培养创新精神。 【详解】6．首段直接点明“It is not just about big inventions but also about small changes in daily life”，明确说明了创新不仅关乎重大发明，也关乎日常生活中的微小改变。这是原文直接给出的核心定义信息，直接提取即可。 7．第三段首句直接给出原因“Many people are afraid of making mistakes. That’s why they only follow old ways”，说明很多人只遵循旧方法，是因为他们害怕犯错。这是原文直接引述的因果逻辑信息，可直接作答。 8．文章第二、三、四段分别用“First, innovation needs practice”“Second, innovation requires courage”“Third, innovation calls for an open mind”三个并列段落，明确给出了创新需要的三个核心条件：实践、勇气和开放的思维。答案是对这三段核心信息的概括整合。 9．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合文章首段“Innovation plays an important role in improving life and developing society”的核心观点，以及文末“innovation...is a habit that anyone can build through practice, courage and an open mind”的论述，可从“创新能让我们的生活更美好、推动社会进步，还能让我们在实践中不断成长，用新的视角解决问题”等角度展开，满足30词以上的字数要求，观点合理、逻辑通顺即可。 话题4语言与交流 Passage 13 The Role of Body Language in Campus Life Body language is an invisible yet powerful tool in our daily communication, especially in campus life where we interact with classmates and teachers every day. It can convey emotions and attitudes that words sometimes fail to express fully. In group study sessions, positive body language can greatly boost cooperation. When a classmate shares ideas, giving a soft nod, maintaining eye contact, and leaning forward a little show that you are listening attentively. This encourages the speaker to express themselves more freely and makes the discussion more lively. On the contrary, folding arms, looking away, or slouching in the chair may make others feel that you are not interested, which damages the team spirit. When communicating with teachers, respectful body language helps build a good relationship. Standing up when the teacher enters the classroom, sitting straight during class, and looking at the teacher when asking or answering questions show your respect. Teachers often say that students with positive body language are more likely to gain trust and receive better guidance. Even in daily interactions like greeting classmates, a simple smile, a friendly wave, or a slight nod can brighten others’ days. These small body language gestures help create a warm and harmonious campus atmosphere. It’s important for students to realize the value of body language and use it properly to make campus life more pleasant and meaningful. 1．What kind of tool is body language in daily communication according to the passage? 2．What positive body language can we use in group study sessions to show we are listening attentively? 3．How does negative body language affect group discussions? 4．What respectful body language should we use when communicating with teachers? 5．Why is it important for students to use body language properly? 【答案】1．It is an invisible yet powerful tool. 2．Giving a soft nod, maintaining eye contact, and leaning forward a little. 3．It may make others feel that you are not interested, which damages the team spirit. 4．Standing up when the teacher enters the classroom, sitting straight during class, and looking at the teacher when asking or answering questions. 5．Because it helps create a warm and harmonious campus atmosphere and makes campus life more pleasant and meaningful. 【知识点】体态语、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了肢体语言在校园生活中的重要作用。文章详细阐述了在小组学习、与老师沟通以及日常社交中，积极与消极的肢体语言如何影响人际关系与合作氛围，并呼吁学生意识到其价值并正确运用。 1．根据“Body language is an invisible yet powerful tool in our daily communication…”可知，作者将肢体语言定义为一种看不见却极具力量的沟通工具。故填It is an invisible yet powerful tool. 2．根据“…giving a soft nod, maintaining eye contact, and leaning forward a little show that you are listening attentively.”可知，通过点头、保持眼神接触以及身体微前倾等具体的积极动作，可以向他人传达出自己正在认真倾听。故填Giving a soft nod, maintaining eye contact, and leaning forward a little. 3．根据“…folding arms, looking away, or slouching in the chair may make others feel that you are not interested, which damages the team spirit.”可知，交叉双臂或视线移开等消极举动会传达出不感兴趣的信号，进而对团队合作氛围产生负面影响。故填It may make others feel that you are not interested, which damages the team spirit. 4．根据“Standing up when the teacher enters the classroom, sitting straight during class, and looking at the teacher when asking or answering questions show your respect.”可知，文中列举了起立迎接、坐姿端正以及交流时的眼神注视作为学生向老师表达敬意的标准举止。故填Standing up when the teacher enters the classroom, sitting straight during class, and looking at the teacher when asking or answering questions. 5．根据“...body language gestures help create a warm and harmonious campus atmosphere…to make campus life more pleasant and meaningful.”可知，恰当地运用肢体语言能够改善人际关系，营造温馨和谐的校园环境，使学习生活更有意义。故填Because it helps create a warm and harmonious campus atmosphere and makes campus life more pleasant and meaningful. Passage 14 How Body Language Influences Our Social Success Many people don’t realize that body language has a great impact on our social success. Whether it’s making friends, participating in activities, or even future career development, proper body language can give us an advantage. Confident body language is the key to making a good first impression. When meeting new people, standing tall, keeping a natural smile, and making eye contact for 3-5 seconds can show your confidence and friendliness. People are more likely to be drawn to those who display confident body language and are willing to establish connections with them. In social gatherings, active body language helps you integrate into the group quickly. For example, when others are talking, nodding to show agreement, using small gestures to express your opinions, and facing the group instead of turning away can make you look more approachable. On the other hand, people who fold their arms, stand alone in the corner, or avoid interacting with others through body language may be left out. Moreover, body language can also reflect our inner state. People with positive body language are often more optimistic and energetic, which can inspire those around them. In team activities, such body language can boost team morale and improve cooperation efficiency. Therefore, learning to use proper body language is essential for everyone who wants to achieve social success. 6．What is the key to making a good first impression according to the passage? 7．What confident body language can we use when meeting new people? 8．How can active body language help us in social gatherings? 9．What kind of body language may make people feel left out in social gatherings? 10．Why is proper body language essential for social success? 【答案】6．Confident body language. 7．Standing tall, keeping a natural smile, and making eye contact for 3-5 seconds. 8．It helps us integrate into the group quickly and makes us look more approachable. 9．Folding arms, standing alone in the corner, or avoiding interacting with others through body language. 10．It can give us an advantage in making friends, participating in activities, and even future career development. 【知识点】体态语、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了肢体语言对社交成功的重要影响，详细阐述了如何通过自信、积极的肢体语言来建立良好的第一印象、快速融入集体以及提升团队效率。 6．根据“Confident body language is the key to making a good first impression.”可知，自信的肢体语言是建立良好第一印象的关键因素。故填Confident body language. 7．根据“When meeting new people, standing tall, keeping a natural smile, and making eye contact for 3-5 seconds can show your confidence and friendliness.”可知，在初次见面时，挺拔的站姿、自然的微笑以及3-5秒的眼神交流都是能够展示自信的肢体动作。故填Standing tall, keeping a natural smile, and making eye contact for 3-5 seconds. 8．根据“In social gatherings, active body language helps you integrate into the group quickly.”以及“…can make you look more approachable.”可知，积极的肢体语言能帮助人们迅速融入集体，并让人显得更具亲和力。故填It helps us integrate into the group quickly and makes us look more approachable. 9．根据“On the other hand, people who fold their arms, stand alone in the corner, or avoid interacting with others through body language may be left out.”可知，双臂交叉、独站角落或逃避互动的肢体信号会让人在社交聚会中感到被冷落。故填Folding arms, standing alone in the corner, or avoiding interacting with others through body language. 10．根据第“Whether it’s making friends, participating in activities, or even future career development, proper body language can give us an advantage.”可知，恰当的肢体语言在交友、参与社会活动乃至职业发展的各个方面都能为我们带来优势，因此对社交成功至关重要。故填It can give us an advantage in making friends, participating in activities, and even future career development. Passage 15 Did you know that sign language also has “dialects” (方言)? Sign language is the main way deaf people communicate. Since they can’t hear, talking to hearing people can be hard. Luckily, sign language interpreters (翻译) are there to help. Hao Shuxin, 24, sees sign language as her first language, as her parents are deaf. “I began to learn sign language before I could even talk,” she recalled. In 2018, she became a sign language interpreter at a law office in Chongqing. Her work takes her to places like courts, where shed interprets for deaf people. As sign language has fewer words, Hao often meets difficult legal terms that have no direct match. In such situations, she carefully explains the meaning for deaf people. There are also grammatical differences between Chinese and sign language. “For example, the words ‘put out a fire’ are signed as a fire put out in sign language because deaf people describe what they see first,” Hao explained. Hao feels stressed at work because accuracy (准确性) is important in legal interpretations. Her stress also comes from the fact that sign language has “dialects”. The same word can be expressed with different hand signs depending on where a deaf person is from. “For example, people in Inner Mongolia and Chongqing use different signs for the word ‘true’,” Hao explained. Having traveled to over 30 cities in China, she has learned about the ways deaf people across the country use sign language. In her spare time, Hao reads many law books and talks with lawyers and her deaf coworkers to improve her professional ability. “My parents are deaf, so I understand the difficulties faced by the deaf community. I want to do everything I can to help them,” Hao said. 11．Who can help deaf people talk to hearing people according to the passage? 12．When did Hao Shuxin start to learn sign language? 13．Why does Hao feel stressed at work? 14．How does Hao improve her professional ability in her free time? 15．What do you think of Hao? And why? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】11．Sign language interpreters. 12．Before she could even talk. 13．Because accuracy is important in legal interpretations and sign language has “dialects”. 14．In her spare time, Hao reads many law books and talks with lawyers and her deaf coworkers to improve her professional ability. 15．She is hard-working and caring. Because she tries to improve her professional skills in order to help the deaf community. 【知识点】其他人、志愿服务、体态语、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了手语译员郝舒欣在帮助聋人群体进行法律翻译工作中的挑战和努力。 【详解】11．根据“Sign language is the main way deaf people communicate. Since they can't hear, talking to hearing people can be hard. Luckily, sign language interpreters are there to help.”可知，手语翻译帮助聋哑人和人正常交流。故填Sign language interpreters. 12．根据“I began to learn sign language before I could even talk”可知，她在会说话之前就开始学习手语了。故填Before she could even talk. 13．根据“Hao feels stressed at work because accuracy is important in legal interpretations. Her stress also comes from the fact that sign language has ‘dialects’.”可知，郝在工作中感到压力很大，因为在法律解释中，准确性很重要和手语有“方言”这一事实。故填Because accuracy is important in legal interpretations and sign language has “dialects”. 14．根据“In her spare time, Hao reads many law books and talks with lawyers and her deaf coworkers to improve her professional ability.”可知，在业余时间，她阅读了许多法律书籍，并与律师和聋人同事交谈，以提高自己的专业能力。故填In her spare time, Hao reads many law books and talks with lawyers and her deaf coworkers to improve her professional ability. 15．开放性问答，言之有理即可。根据“My parents are deaf, so I understand the difficulties faced by the deaf community. I want to do everything I can to help them.”可知，她工作勤奋，有爱心。因为她试图提高自己的专业技能，以帮助聋人社区。故填She is hard-working and caring. Because she tries to improve her professional skills in order to help the deaf community. Passage 16 For centuries, China has been known as a “Liyi Zhibang”. There were many kinds of greeting manners in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) is a classic one. Today, though Chinese usually shake hands when meeting others, people still make fist and palm salutes when they visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals (葬礼). Fist and palm salute has a history of over 3000 years. Since West Zhou Dynasty people had used this way. In ancient time, if people met a stranger, one would prepare for a fight if they had to, and hands were always ready for holding weapons (武器). Holding hands together pointed to themselves was a meaning of expressing the kindness. Later it became one of traditional Chinese manners when meeting each other or show thanks. How to do Fist and Palm Salute properly? First, stand at attention (立正). Then, if you are a man, right-hand half-fist, and then left-hand hold the right-hand in front of your chest (胸). Next, watch each other in the eyes, raise both hands to brow (额头), bent down (弯腰) and shake hands towards each other for three times. Also, you could say some lucky greeting words to each other for three times. Also, you could say some lucky words to each other. stand at attention→right-hand half-fist for man→______ Common Mistake: Fist & Plam Salute is NOT the same to Hold Fist Salute Hold fist salute is called Baoquan li (抱拳礼). It means holding a fist in the other hand. The gesture (手势) of hold fist salute is that the right hand is made a fist, the left hand is to hold or cover the right fist. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and does not point to yourself. Hold fist salute shows the humility (谦卑) The hold fist salute is often widely used among the kung fu masters and students. 16．On what occasions (场合) should Chinese make fist and palm salute? 17．Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 18．According to the first picture, what’s the difference between men and women when they make fist and palm salute? 19．Please complete the chart (图表). What else can people do when making the fist and palm salute? 20．Can you tell the differences between the fist and palm salute and hold fist salute? (One example is OK.) 21．What other Chinese manners do you know? How can we pass on it? 【答案】16．When they visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals. 17．后来，在见面或表示感谢时，它成为中国的传统礼仪之一。 18．For men the left hand is on top while for women the right hand is on top. 19．Left-hand hold the right-hand in front of your chest. 20．When people visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals, they make fist and palm salutes while the hold fist salute is often widely used among the kung fu masters and students./...... 21．Gift-Giving. If people receive a gift, invitation or hospitality treatment from someone, they will offer back to the one when it is suitable. We can learn the knowledge about Chinese manners and make ourselves behave well.（答案合理即可） 【知识点】体态语、说明文、礼仪与习俗 【导语】本文介绍了中国人的两种问候方式：拱手礼和抱拳礼。 【详解】16．根据“Today, though Chinese usually shake hands when meeting others, people still make fist and palm salutes when they visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals (葬礼).”可知，中国人在春节期间拜访某人或参加某人的婚礼、生日聚会或葬礼时，会做拱手礼。故填When they visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals. 17．later“后来”，it“它”，became“成为”，one of traditional Chinese manners“中国传统礼仪之一”，when“当……时候”，meeting each other“互相见面”，or“或者”，show thanks“表示感谢”，故填：后来，在见面或表示感谢时，它成为中国的传统礼仪之一。 18．根据“Fist and Palm Salute...For men left-hand on top...For women right-hand on top”可知，做拱手礼时，对男人来说，左边在上面；对于女人来说，右手上方。故填For men the left hand is on top while for women the right hand is on top. 19．根据“First, stand at attention (立正). Then, if you are a man, right-hand half-fist, and then left-hand hold the right-hand in front of your chest (胸). ”可知，首先，立正。然后，如果你是男性，右手握半拳，然后左手将右手放在胸前。故填Left-hand hold the right-hand in front of your chest. 20．根据“Today, though Chinese usually shake hands when meeting others, people still make fist and palm salutes when they visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals (葬礼).”可知，中国人做拱手礼是在春节期间拜访某人或参加某人的婚礼、生日聚会或葬礼时，会做拱手礼。可知，人们在春节期间拜访某人或参加某人的婚礼、生日聚会或葬礼时，根据“Hold fist salute shows the humility (谦卑) The hold fist salute is often widely used among the kung fu masters and students.”可知，握拳礼通常在功夫大师和学生中广泛使用。故填When people visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony, birthday party or funerals, they make fist and palm salutes while the hold fist salute is often widely used among the kung fu masters and students. 21．根据常识，中国有赠送礼物的礼仪。如果人们收到别人的礼物、邀请或款待，他们会在合适的时候回赠给那个人。我们可以学习有关中国礼仪的知识，使自己表现良好。故填Gift-Giving. If people receive a gift, invitation or hospitality treatment from someone, they will offer back to the one when it is suitable. We can learn the knowledge about Chinese manners and make ourselves behave well.（答案合理即可） 话题5环保 Passage 17 Above the Sky: The First Hotel in Space Are you dreaming of future travels to space? Your dream will come true soon. It’s reported that people will have an “out-of-the-world” experience by staying at a hotel high above the earth in 2027. The hotel is called Voyager Space Station (VSS). It is like a sky wheel. There will be rooms, restaurants, bars, gyms, reading rooms and scientific research laboratories. It’s eco-friendly by getting power from the sun. It will have rooms for up to 400 people, including scientists, astronauts, and even some people to live there for a long time. You’ll pay 5 million dollars for each 3-day stay. The hotel will serve traditional “space food”—like freeze-dried ice cream. You’re also going to have top cooks making really good food. You can go on spacewalks to enjoy the beauty of the earth and space. And the most amazing part? You can enjoy 32 sunrises and sunsets each day because the hotel travels around the earth very quickly. “The building of the VSS will start in 2026 and welcome its first visitors in 2027. It will be the world’s first space hotel. We’re trying to make people realize that this golden age of space travel is just around the corner. It’s coming fast,” scientists say. In fact, living in space is not just a dream anymore. “Guests can take a shower in special water-saving ways, sleep in floating beds, and even join scientific experiments (实验)”, says Mark John, a space expert. For students like us, maybe one day we can also visit the VSS on a school trip! Although the ticket is very expensive now, scientists believe the price will go down in the future. Space travel will become just like taking an airplane trip today. So keep dreaming and studying hard—the stars are waiting for you! 1．Is the VSS designed to look like a traditional hotel on the Earth? 2．How many people can the VSS hold at most? 3．How long can you stay at VSS if you pay 15 million dollars? 4．What is the most amazing part for guests on the space hotel? 5．What do you think of VSS? 【答案】1．No, it isn’t. 2．It can hold up to 400 people. 3．9 days/Nine days. 4．They can enjoy 32 sunrises and sunsets each day. 5．It’s amazing, creative and hopeful. It shows the rapid development of space technology.（合理即可） 【知识点】旅行、说明文、航天与航空 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上第一家太空酒店Voyager Space Station(VSS)的相关信息，包括其外观设计、容纳人数、费用、特色体验以及建造计划等。 【详解】1．根据文章第3段“It is like a sky wheel.”它像一个天空之轮，可推知结论它的设计不同于地球上的传统酒店，传统酒店通常是地面建筑。 2．根据文章第3段“It will have rooms for up to 400 people”它将有多达400人的房间，可推知结论该太空酒店最多可容纳400人。 3．根据文章第3段“You’ll pay 5 million dollars for each 3-day stay.”你每停留3天需支付500万美元，可推知结论1500万美元是500万美元的3倍，因此停留时间也是3天的3倍，即9天。 4．根据文章第4段“And the most amazing part? You can enjoy 32 sunrises and sunsets each day”，可知结论对客人来说最神奇的部分是每天能看到32次日出和日落。 5．本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据文章最后一段“Space travel will become just like taking an airplane trip today”太空旅行将变得像今天乘坐飞机旅行一样，及全文描述可推知结论太空酒店代表了未来的旅行方式且令人惊叹。 Passage 18 Shanghai has just opened its first “forest library” to the public. It has caught much attention from book lovers and people who like nature. Unlike traditional indoor libraries, the “forest library” is special because it is built to keep the forest as it is—every tree, bush and green area stays natural. The library is called Read & Joy Forest. It is located (位于) in a green space next to Shanghai Library East. It covers 20,546 square meters and is fully open-air. There are rows of strong wooden benches for readers to sit comfortably. A small information desk with volunteers is there to help visitors. Green areas are connected by winding (蜿蜒的) wooden walkways that fit well with nature. The forest has many kinds of trees, like tall pine trees and leafy maple trees. This way, visitors can walk slowly through the quiet, green forest and also get a rare (难得的) chance to relax with a book while hearing birds sing and leaves move. People love reading here. Wang Xiaohua, said, “I love the fresh air and the way sunlight comes through the trees. Being around nature calms me down. So I’ll come back every weekend for sure.” Another reader added, “I worked indoors all morning, looking at a screen. So I came here to breathe fresh air. The smell of pine and soil is so relaxing. It’s the perfect place to slow down and enjoy a good book.”     Young adults visit the “forest library” most because they want a quiet place away from city life. When they are not reading, many walk slowly along the wooden paths. They sometimes stop to enjoy the trees or listen to the forest sound. So the “forest library” is not just for reading—it’s also a peaceful place to relax both mind and body. 6．Why is the “forest library” special? 7．Where is Read & Joy Forest located? 8．According to the passage, who visits the “forest library” most? 9．What do you think of the “forest library”? Why do you think so? (Please give two reasons.) 【答案】6．Because it is built to keep the forest as it is—every tree, bush and green area stays natural. 7．It is located in a green space next to Shanghai Library East. 8．Young adults. 9．I think it’s great. First, it allows visitors to read while enjoying nature, which helps them relax. Second, it’s a peaceful place to calm both mind and body away from city life. 【知识点】阅读、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了上海首家“森林图书馆”，讲述了它的特殊之处、位置、设施、访客的喜爱以及它为人们提供的阅读与放松的双重体验。 【详解】6．首段直接说明“the ‘forest library’ is special because it is built to keep the forest as it is—every tree, bush and green area stays natural”，这是原文中明确给出的特殊原因，因此答案是直接信息题。 7．第二段开头直接提到“It is located in a green space next to Shanghai Library East”，这是原文中的具体位置信息，可直接提取作答。 8．第四段开头明确指出“Young adults visit the ‘forest library’ most because they want a quiet place away from city life”，这是原文中的直接表述，属于直接信息题。 9．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实，结合文章内容和自己对“森林图书馆”的看法、理由，合理作答即可。 Passage 18 In many countries of the world, people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish because it really makes us worried. We don’t want our world to become a big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland, to reduce plastic bags, the government decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002, Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the country. One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It helps the environment by recycling useful things. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important solutions to the problem of rubbish. For example, people can bring their own water bottles instead of buying plastic ones. They can also reuse old clothes as cleaning rags or shopping bags. These small actions help reduce rubbish. 10．What did the Irish government do to reduce plastic bags? 11．Why did the people of Zanzibar stop making plastic bags? 12．How does Freecycle help protect the environment? 13．What is one example of using less or reusing things in the passage? 14．What can we do to reduce waste in our daily life? (答案须与文中例子不同) 【答案】10． The government decided to make people pay for them. 11． Because they were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. 12． By recycling useful things. 13． People can bring their own water bottles. 14． We can sort rubbish. 【知识点】环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了世界各国为减少垃圾和处理垃圾问题所采取的不同措施，包括爱尔兰政府收费、桑给巴尔禁止生产塑料袋以及Freecycle组织的循环利用理念，并提出了个人减少浪费的建议。 【详解】10．原文第二段提到“In Ireland, to reduce plastic bags, the government decided to make people pay for them.”，直接说明了爱尔兰政府减少塑料袋使用的措施，答案是原文直接信息。 11．原文第三段提到“They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals.”，明确了桑给巴尔人民停止生产塑料袋的原因，答案是原文直接信息。 12．原文第四段提到“It helps the environment by recycling useful things.”，直接说明了Freecycle保护环境的方式，答案是原文直接信息。 13．原文第五段提到“For example, people can bring their own water bottles instead of buying plastic ones. They can also reuse old clothes as cleaning rags or shopping bags.”，给出了减少使用或重复利用物品的例子，任选其一即可，答案是原文直接信息。 14．原文第五段介绍了减少浪费的核心方法，可结合日常环保常识作答，表述合理且与文中例子不同即可。 阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。（请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号后的横线上。） Passage 19 Rivers are like the blood vessels (血管) of our planet. They carry water across the land, providing life for plants, animals and humans. Among all the rivers in the world, the Nile River in Africa is the longest, stretching about 6,650 kilometers. But which river has the largest volume of water? That’s the Amazon River in South America. Rivers are important in many ways. They give us fresh water to drink and to water our crops. They provide homes for fish and other wildlife. They also allow ships to travel between cities, making trade and travel much easier. For thousands of years, people have built their cities along rivers because rivers provide water and transportation. However, rivers around the world are facing serious problems. Pollution from factories and farms is making river water unsafe. Climate change is causing some rivers to dry up, while others are flooding more often. We are also taking too much water from some rivers, leaving too little for the wildlife that depends on them. The good news is that people are starting to take action to protect rivers. Many countries have passed laws to stop factories from polluting rivers. Communities around the world are planting trees along riverbanks to prevent soil from washing away. And more and more people are learning about the importance of keeping our rivers clean. Rivers give us so much. Now it’s our turn to give something back. By working together, we can ensure that these life-giving waters continue to flow for generations to come. 15．How long is the Nile River? 16．Why have people built their cities along rivers for thousands of years? 17．List three problems that rivers are facing today. 18．What are some actions people are taking to protect rivers? 19．What does the writer mean by “it’s our turn to give something back”? 【答案】15．It is about 6,650 kilometers long. / It stretches about 6,650 kilometers. 16．Because rivers provide water and transportation. 17．①Pollution from factories and farms is making river water unsafe. ②Climate change is causing some rivers to dry up, while others are flooding more often. ③People are also taking too much water from some rivers, leaving too little for the wildlife that depends on them. 18．①Many countries have passed laws to stop factories from polluting rivers. ②Communities around the world are planting trees along riverbanks to prevent soil from washing away. ③More and more people are learning about the importance of keeping rivers clean. 19．It means that rivers have brought us so many benefits, and it is time for us to protect them. 【知识点】自然景观、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了河流的重要性、当前河流面临的严重问题以及人们为保护河流所采取的行动。 【详解】15．第1段明确提到“Among all the rivers in the world, the Nile River in Africa is the longest, stretching about 6,650 kilometers”，说明尼罗河的长度约为6650公里。答案为原文直接信息。 16．第2段提到“For thousands of years, people have built their cities along rivers because rivers provide water and transportation”，说明人们沿河建城是因为河流提供水和交通。答案为原文直接信息。 17．第3段提到“Pollution from factories and farms is making river water unsafe. Climate change is causing some rivers to dry up…that depends on them”，说明河流面临的三个问题是污染、气候变化和取水过多。答案为原文直接信息。 18．第4段提到“Many countries have passed laws to stop factories from polluting rivers…learning about the importance of keeping our rivers clean”，说明人们采取的保护措施包括通过法律、植树和了解重要性。答案为原文直接信息。 19．第5段提到“Rivers give us so much. Now it’s our turn to give something back. By working together, we can ensure that these life-giving waters continue to flow for generations to come”，再结合全文主旨，河流给人类提供了诸多益处，如今河流遭遇严重危机，因此这句话的含义是呼吁人类行动起来保护河流。 Passage 20 Different lakes have different colours. According to a 2022 study, around one-third of the world’s lakes are blue. However, global warming may turn them green or even brown. Xiao Yang from Southern Methodist University in the USA and his team looked at the colour of over 85, 000 lakes based on their satellite photos from 2013 to 2020. They found that lakes in places with cooler average summer air temperatures—below 19℃—were more likely to be blue than lakes in places with warmer summers. The study said that water molecules (分子) absorb (吸收) the long wavelengths (波长) from the sunlight, such as red, orange and yellow. They leave behind the shorter ones, making a lake look green and blue. So the cleaner the water is, the bluer it looks. In warmer lakes, algae (藻) and phytoplankton (浮游植物) grow easily. Their colours are green and even brown. They give the lake a different colour. If the temperature goes on rising because of climate change, the study said that one in ten blue lakes might change the colour. Humans get their drinking water from lakes, streams and ground water. As lakes become greener, people may lose lots of clean water. Because of this, treating the water of such lakes becomes more expensive. At the same time, blue lakes are also a source (来源) of a place to play. Some people, according to Catherine O’Reilly, a co-author of the study, consider blue lakes as a refuge (避难所) or spiritual (精神的) place. As these blue lakes disappear, they may feel sad. For lake animals, the development of algae and phytoplankton in greener lakes can provide more food. However, more algae and phytoplankton mean less oxygen (氧气) for the lake animals, and this may kill them. 20．Why do some lakes change their colours? 21．What do water molecules absorb according to the study? 22．How many lakes might change the colour according to the study? 23．What do some people consider blue lakes as? 24．What do you learn from the passage? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】20．Because of global warming. 21．The long wavelengths from the sunlight. 22．One in ten blue lakes. 23．A refuge or spiritual place. 24．We should protect our environment./Different lakes have different colours. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【知识点】环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖导致湖泊颜色发生变化及其对人类、动物和精神层面的影响。 【详解】20．根据文章第1段“global warming may turn them green or even brown（全球变暖可能会把它们变成绿色甚至棕色）”及第4段“In warmer lakes, algae and phytoplankton grow easily（在较温暖的湖泊中，藻类和浮游植物容易生长）”可推知结论湖泊变色主要是因为全球变暖导致水温升高，藻类生长。故填 Because of global warming. 21．根据文章第3段“The study said that water molecules absorb the long wavelengths from the sunlight（研究称水分子吸收来自阳光的长波长）”可推知结论水分子吸收的是阳光中的长波。故填 The long wavelengths from the sunlight. 22．根据文章第4段“the study said that one in ten blue lakes might change the colour（研究称十分之一的蓝色湖泊可能会改变颜色）”可推知结论可能变色的湖泊数量比例。故填One in ten blue lakes. 23．根据文章第6段“Some people... consider blue lakes as a refuge or spiritual place（有些人……认为蓝色湖泊是避难所或精神寄托之地）”可推知结论人们对蓝色湖泊的看法。故填A refuge or spiritual place. 24．通读全文，根据文章讲述全球变暖对湖泊、水资源及生物的危害，可推知结论我们应该保护环境，减缓全球变暖。开放性问题，答案不唯一。参考答案为：We should protect the environment./Different lakes have different colours. Passage 21 The year 2026 is a meaningful year for China. It is the 10th anniversary (周年) of Yangtze River ecological water control(生态治水), the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March(长征) , and also the opening year of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan. In this special year, many young people take action to show their love for the country and sense of responsibility, becoming common heroes around us. Wang Zhe, 24, a food delivery (外卖) rider in Wuhan In March 2026, Wang was on his way to deliver food when he saw a child fall into the cold lake in a local park. He stopped his electric bike at once, took off his coat and jumped into the lake without thinking. He swam fast to the child and pulled him to the bank safely. When the child’s parents arrived and wanted to thank him, he had already left to finish his delivery work. His brave action was reported by People’s Daily Online, and he was awarded the title of “Excellent Young Man in Wuhan”. Liu Jia, 28, an ecological protector in Chongqing As a young worker of Yangtze River ecological protection, Liu has been busy with the Yangtze River water quality monitoring(监测)and river beach cleaning for 4 years. Liu leads a team of young volunteers to walk along the Yangtze River every weekend. They collect garbage, check water quality and spread environmental protection knowledge to passers-by. “After 10 years of protection, the Yangtze River is clearer, and finless porpoises (江豚) appear more often. We will keep guarding our mother river,” Liu said. Zhang Yu, 22, a college student in Lanzhou In April 2026, to celebrate the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March, Zhang took part in the “Walking the Long March Route” activity in Huining, Gansu Province. He walked over 30 kilometers with other young students, listened to the stories of the Red Army heroes and visited the Long March Memorial Hall. “The Long March spirit teaches us to be brave and never give up. As the youth of the 15th Five-Year Plan, we should study hard and pass on this spirit to build our country better,” Zhang shared his feelings. These young people come from different jobs, but they all use small actions to make contributions. They set a great example for middle school students. 25．Why is 2026 a meaningful year for China? (Give one reason) 26．Use one word in the text to describe Wang Zhe’s action. 27．What does Liu Jia and her team do to protect the Yangtze River? 28．①Where did Zhang Yu go for the activity?②What can we learn from these young people? 【答案】25．Because it is the 10th anniversary of Yangtze River ecological water control./Because it is the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March./Because it is the opening year of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan. 26．Brave. 27．They collect garbage, check water quality and spread environmental protection knowledge. 28．①He went to Huining, Gansu Province. ②We can learn to use small actions to make contributions./We can learn to love our country, take responsibility and make contributions with small actions./... 【知识点】志愿服务、国家与民族、环境保护、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以 2026 年这一特殊年份为背景，讲述了外卖骑手王哲、生态保护者刘佳、大学生张宇三位普通青年，用各自的行动展现爱国情怀与责任担当的故事。 【详解】25．根据文章第一段中“It is the 10th anniversary (周年) of Yangtze River ecological water control(生态治水), the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March(长征) , and also the opening year of China's 15th Five-Year Plan.（它是长江生态治水 10 周年，长征胜利 90 周年，也是中国第十五个五年计划的开局之年。）”可推知，2026年对中国有意义的原因有三个，题目要求写出一个即可。故填“Because it is the 10th anniversary of Yangtze River ecological water control./Because it is the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March./Because it is the opening year of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan.”。 26．根据文章第第二段中His brave action was reported by People’s Daily Online...（他的勇敢行为被人民网报道……）”可推知，文中用来形容王哲行为的单词是brave。故填Brave. 27．根据文章第三段中”They collect garbage, check water quality and spread environmental protection knowledge to passers-by.（他们收集垃圾，检查水质，并向路人传播环保知识。）”可推知，刘佳和她的团队保护长江的具体行动。故填“They collect garbage, check water quality and spread environmental protection knowledge.”。 28．①根据文章第四段中“Zhang took part in the‘Walking the Long March Route’activity in Huining, Gansu Province.（张宇参加了在甘肃省会宁县举行的“重走长征路”活动。）”可知地点；②根据文章第五段中“they all use small actions to make contributions.（他们都用小行动做出贡献。）”可推知，我们可以学习的精神，此问答案不唯一，言之有理即可。故填“He went to Huining, Gansu Province. ②We can learn to use small actions to make contributions./We can learn to love our country, take responsibility and make contributions with small actions./...”。 话题6学习方式 Passage 22 A resolution is a strong decision to do something. Many people make resolutions at the beginning of the New Year. A middle school in Taiyuan did a survey among 100 students about their New Year’s resolutions. Getting better grades, exercising more often, eating more healthily and reading more books are the top four. The survey also showed that though students make one or more resolutions every year, less than 8% of them actually succeed. Here are several ways to make it easier for you to keep your resolutions. Set small resolutions   Setting small goals is much better than trying to make big ones. 35% of New Year’s resolutions fail because of this. If you plan to improve your physical health, for example, you will have a better chance with a little exercise each day. Make a plan. A plan can make it easier for you to make your resolutions come true. For example, if you want to take up a sport as a hobby, first, you need to decide what kind of sport you will play and how often you will do it. Then, try to make a detailed (详细的) plan. Once you have made your plan, try your best to keep it! Track (跟踪) your progress. The reason why some people fail to keep their New Year’s resolutions is that they don’t track their progress. You should first write down your resolutions in a notebook or diary. If your plan is to read books, write down how many pages you plan to read every week. Make marks of the page number every time you read. This way, you can track your progress closely. This will help you to keep trying hard. Besides, tracking your progress can make you more confident. Every time you achieve something, even if it is a small one, you will probably get a feeling of achievement and that will encourage you to move on. 1．What is a resolution? 2．How many students make resolutions about exercising more often according to the survey? 3．Why cannot 35% of the New Year’s resolutions come true? 4．What are the benefits (好处) of tracking your progress according to the passage? 5．What’s your New Year’s resolution? How are you going to keep it? 【答案】1．It is a strong decision to do something. 2．20 students. 3．Because they set big goals instead of small ones. 4．It helps us keep trying hard, makes us more confident and gives us a feeling of achievement. 5．My New Year’s resolution is to read more books. I will read two books every month and write down my feelings after reading each one. 【知识点】方法/策略、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了新年决心的定义，展示了太原一所中学100名学生的新年决心调查结果，并给出了保持决心的实用方法。 【详解】1．第一段“A resolution is a strong decision to do something.”答案是原文信息，直接提取。 2．柱状图“exercising more often”占比20%，调查总人数为100人，计算得出100×20%=20人。 3．Set small resolutions部分提到“Setting small goals is much better than trying to make big ones. 35% of New Year’s resolutions fail because of this.”答案是原文信息，直接提取。 4．Track (跟踪) your progress.部分提到“This will help you to keep trying hard. Besides, tracking your progress can make you more confident…you will probably get a feeling of achievement and that will encourage you to move on.”答案是原文信息，直接提取。 5．开放型题目，答案不唯一。示例：我的新年决心是多读书，我会制定阅读计划并记录每周的阅读进度，以此来保持决心。 Passage 23 Teach Yourself How to Be More Patient In today’s digital world, people are no longer used to having to wait. But being patient is really important for us. There are actually health benefits to being patient. One of the main ones is that it helps to relieve stress. Here are some ways that you can train yourself to be more patient. Be more mindful. Practicing mindfulness in your everyday life can help you become more patient. That’s because mindfulness helps you live in the present moment. This allows you not to get stressed out about some future happening. If you find your mind wandering about future things, there are ways you can bring yourself back into the present. Take deep breaths to connect to your senses, slow down, and do some relaxation exercises. Accept the things you can’t control. There are some things that you can control, like an untidy house and things you cannot control, like being stuck in traffic. Set goals to change the things in your life that you can control, whether it is exercising more or spending more time with your partner. As for the traffic problem, find a less stressful way to spend the time. You can learn to be more mindful by taking up tai chi, or yoga. Become more patient with people around you. It is easy to get impatient when the people around you are not doing what you expect them to do, like waiting for a friend or being late for school. But rather than just being angry, you can tell yourself that this happened. Listen and share your feelings with others. Being patient with others can help you become a more patient person. 6．What is the advantage of being patient?    7．How can you bring yourself back to the present when thinking about the future?    8．What should we do with the things we can control?    9．What can we do when we are in a traffic jam according to the passage?    10．What will you do to become more patient in your daily life?    【答案】6．It helps to relieve stress. 7．Take deep breaths, slow down and do some relaxation exercises. 8．We should set goals to change them. 9．We can find a less stressful way to spend the time. 10．I will practice mindfulness and learn to accept things I can’t control. 【知识点】方法/策略、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了培养耐心的重要性及具体方法，包括保持正念、接受无法控制的事、对他人更有耐心等。 【详解】6．文中第一段提到“There are actually health benefits to being patient. One of the main ones is that it helps to relieve stress.”，直接说明了有耐心的好处。 7．文中第二段提到“If you find your mind wandering about future things, there are ways you can bring yourself back into the present. Take deep breaths to connect to your senses, slow down, and do some relaxation exercises.”，直接说明了走神时回到当下的方法。 8．文中第三段提到“Set goals to change the things in your life that you can control.”，直接说明了对待能控制的事情的做法。 9．文中第三段提到“As for the traffic problem, find a less stressful way to spend the time.”，直接说明了堵车时的应对方式。 10．开放性问题，可结合文中方法或自身实际作答，答案不唯一。 Passage 24 When we are at school, we all want to get better at studying. Before quizzes, exams, or projects, preparing well is always important. But what’s the best way to study? Should we sit alone in a quiet place, or study with friends? Studying alone can mean different things—like sitting quietly in a library or a table with headphones. This way of studying has both good and bad points. The biggest advantages are fewer distractions (分心), setting your own pace and better focus. When you’re alone, you don’t have to talk to others, so you can focus only on your work. You can take breaks when you feel tired, or read at a speed that’s comfortable for you. This is helpful because no one knows your learning needs better than you. Also, studying alone lets you spend more time on topics you find hard and less time on things you already understand well. However, studying alone has a problem: without friends around, it’s easy to get off task. Even good students might waste hours on their phones or watching videos without noticing. Friends can push you to stay focused, but you don’t get that when you’re alone. Studying in groups (usually 2-5 people) also has pros and cons. Group study helps you remember things better. When you explain ideas to others, you remember them more easily. You can also learn more from your friends—everyone brings different knowledge to the group. The best part is that friends can keep you motivated. When others are studying, you’re less likely to get distracted, and you can work harder together. But groups have drawbacks too. The group can only be as productive as the least focused person. If one person is noisy, checks his phone a lot, or talks about other things, it can ruin the study time for everyone. Everyone learns differently, so the best study method is the one that works for you. You might need to try both alone and group study to find out what helps you most. For me, group study is better. I feel less stressed, and my friends keep me on track. When I study alone, I sometimes end up watching videos online for an hour without realizing it! Both methods have good and bad sides, so it’s up to you to choose what helps you succeed. 11．What is always important before quizzes, exams, or projects? 12．What are the biggest advantages when you study alone? 13．Why can people learn more from their friends in group study? 14．Do you want to study alone or study in groups? Why? (Give two reasons.) 【答案】11．Preparing well is always important. 12．The biggest advantages are fewer distractions, setting your own pace and better focus. 13．Because everyone brings different knowledge to the group. 14．I want to study in groups. Because group study helps me remember things better and my friends can keep me motivated. 【知识点】方法/策略、学习策略、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了独自学习和小组学习两种学习方式，分别分析了它们的优点和缺点，指出每个人的学习方式不同，最好的学习方法是适合自己的那一种。 【详解】11．文章第一段明确指出：“Before quizzes, exams, or projects, preparing well is always important.”，这是对该问题的直述，可直接提取。 12．文章第二段明确写道：“The biggest advantages are fewer distractions, setting your own pace and better focus.” 因此可直接提取这三个优点作为答案。 13．文章第三段中明确提到：“You can also learn more from your friends—everyone brings different knowledge to the group.”，这是小组学习中能从朋友身上学到更多的原因，可直接提取。 14．本题要求学生结合自身实际回答，答案不唯一，合理即可。 Passage 25 A group of middle school students in yellow vests gathered excitedly outside the Guiyang International Convention and Exhibition Center. They were chosen by the Guanshanhu District Media Center and would work as bilingual (双语) reporters at the 2025 China International Big Data (大数据) Industry Expo for the first time. Li Yihan and Wang Zini were among them and their English abilities were quite different. Li was good at reading and writing, but she was too shy to speak in public. Wang, however, was active and enjoyed talking with others, but she had a very small vocabulary. To get fully ready for the big event, they took professional pre-job training and tried their best to improve their English. Li practiced speaking English every day. She read interview scripts (稿子) loudly in front of the mirror, recorded her voice and compared it with native speakers’. She also remembered some useful big data words. Wang took an active part in role-play activities and wrote down new words in a notebook to review them very often. During the expo, they talked with international exhibitors (参展商) and reported on amazing new technologies like drone (无人机) soccer. Speaking English was not easy for the two 14-year-old students, especially when facing difficult technical terms (专业术语). But they quickly found a good way out. They changed the topic to daily life and cultural communication, such as introducing Guiyang’s local food. They were nervous at first, but the exhibitors’ warmth helped them relax soon. 15．Were Li Yihan’s and Wang Zini’s English abilities the same? 16．How did they deal with difficult technical terms when talking with international exhibitors? 17．What do the two students have in common during this whole experience? 18．Do you think it is necessary for middle school students to take part in such social practice activities? Why or why not? (about 30 words) 【答案】15．No, they weren’t. 16．They changed the topic to daily life and cultural communication. 17．They both took professional pre-job training and tried their best to improve their English. 18．Yes, I think so. Taking part in such social practice helps students improve English, develop communication and teamwork skills, broaden horizons, and gain valuable real-world experience for their future. 【知识点】志愿服务、学习策略、文体活动、记叙文 【导语】本文主要讲述了一群中学生作为双语记者参与2025中国国际大数据产业博览会的相关情况，包括学生英语能力差异、为活动做的准备、面对专业术语的处理方式以及参与活动的收获等。 【详解】15．文中提到“Li Yihan and Wang Zini were among them and their English abilities were quite different”，明确表明李一涵和王梓妮的英语能力不同，所以答案是No, they weren’t. ，这是对原文直接信息的判断。 16．根据“Speaking English was not easy for the two 14-year-old students, especially when facing difficult technical terms (专业术语). But they quickly found a good way out. They changed the topic to daily life and cultural communication”可知，她们在和国际参展商交流遇到专业术语时，把话题转到了日常生活和文化交流上，答案是对原文关键信息的直接提取。 17．从“To get fully ready for the big event, they took professional pre-job training and tried their best to improve their English”可知，她们的共同之处是都参加了专业的职前培训并尽力提高英语水平，答案是对原文相关内容的总结概括。 18．开放题，答案不唯一。结合文中她们作为双语记者参与活动，要提高英语能力、应对各种情况等内容，从参加社会实践活动对学生英语提升、技能培养、视野拓宽以及获得实际经验等方面说明理由即可。 2 / 23 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $