精品解析：2026届北京市丰台区高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷

2026北京丰台高三二模 英 语 本试卷共 12 页，100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30 分） 第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At 10, I borrowed a library book with “love story” in the title. My mother found it inappropriate and we went back to the library. I was extremely ____1____ as my mother explained to the librarian on duty that I needed reading material that was different from the book. The librarian said nothing and only slightly smiled. She gracefully led me to the teenager fiction section, ____2____ I Capture the Castle by Dodie Smith, the author of 101 Dalmatians (斑点狗). I felt far too old for dog stories. “It’s very different from 101 Dalmatians, though,” she said, registering my ____3____. I tried to take her words of it, but I was ____4____. I mean, the title alone was weird. I Capture the Castle? It sounded like a bunch of stupid kids playing King of the Hill. However, the typical British humor in the book and the vivid first-person narration created an awkward yet lovely teenage girl image, which ____5____ me. I also learned that writing did not require a perfect setting; true feelings mattered more. That book ____6____ my writing dreams. Sixteen years later, I, now a writer, ran into the very librarian in a tea shop. She still looked gentle. I rushed to thank her, “You once showed me I Capture the Castle! I’m a writer now! That’s still my ____7____ book!” But her daughter told me that dementia (痴呆症) had kept her from ____8____ me. I watched her leave, wondering how many lives we quietly alter without recognizing the ____9____ of our deeds. For all that woman had really done was lend me a book. But it had ____10____ my world. 1. A. frightened B. shocked C. embarrassed D. bored 2. A. criticising B. returning C. overlooking D. recommending 3. A. nervousness B. relief C. disappointment D. curiosity 4. A. doubtful B. optimistic C. anxious D. interested 5. A. fell on B. appealed to C. stood by D. went against 6. A. changed B. boosted C. reflected D. challenged 7. A. proper B. secret C. latest D. favorite 8. A. believing B. understanding C. accepting D. admiring 9. A. significance B. existence C. intention D. necessity 10. A. defined B. captured C. ruled D. fixed 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】讲述了幼时作者因读物不合宜被换书，管理员推荐的书籍打动自己，催生写作梦想。多年后重逢恩人，对方已失忆，这件小事却深刻改写了作者的人生轨迹。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我感到非常尴尬，因为我母亲向值班的图书管理员说明，我需要的阅读材料与那本书的内容不同。A. frightened害怕的；B. shocked震惊的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. bored无聊的。根据后文“as my mother explained to the librarian on duty that I needed reading material that was different from the book”以及结合场景被当众换书，可推断作者内心窘迫。 【2题详解】 考查动词。句意：她优雅地把我领到了青少年小说区，并推荐我读多迪·史密斯所著的《捕捉城堡》一书，该书的作者就是《101只斑点狗》的作者。A. criticising批评；B. returning归还；C. overlooking忽略；D. recommending推荐。根据上文“She gracefully led me to the teenager fiction section”可知，管理员为孩子挑选书籍，应是推荐读物。 【3题详解】 考查名词。句意：“不过，这和《101只斑点狗》这部小说可大不相同啊。”她说道，察觉到了我的失望之情。A. nervousness紧张；B. relief宽慰；C. disappointment失望；D. curiosity好奇。根据上文“I felt far too old for dog stories.”可知，作者嫌弃狗狗题材故事，内心倍感失落。 【4题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我试图相信她所说的意思，但心里还是有些怀疑。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据上文“I felt far too old for dog stories.”可知，书名怪异让作者难以信服，心存疑惑。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：然而，书中典型的英式幽默以及生动的第一人称叙述塑造出了一位既略显笨拙又十分可爱的少女形象，这深深吸引了我。A. fell on落到；B. appealed to吸引；C. stood by支持；D. went against违背。根据上文“the typical British humor in the book and the vivid first-person narration created an awkward yet lovely teenage girl image”可知，书籍内容打动作者，符合吸引的含义。 【6题详解】 考查动词。句意：这本书助推我萌生并坚定了写作梦想。A. changed改变；B. boosted推动；C. reflected反映；D. challenged挑战。根据后文“Sixteen years later, I, now a writer”可知，好书激励作者走上写作道路，助力梦想成长。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“那仍然是我最喜欢的一本书！”A. proper合适的；B. secret秘密的；C. latest最新的；D. favorite最喜欢的。根据上文“Sixteen years later, I, now a writer, ran into the very librarian in a tea shop. She still looked gentle. I rushed to thank her, “You once showed me I Capture the Castle! I’m a writer now!”可知，书籍影响深远，成为作者最喜欢的。 【8题详解】 考查动词。句意：但她的女儿告诉我，痴呆症让她无法理解我。A. believing相信；B. understanding理解；C. accepting接受；D. admiring钦佩。根据上文“her daughter told me that dementia had kept her”可知，痴呆病导致老人无法理解作者说的话。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：我看着她离去，心中不禁思索：我们不经意间改变了多少人的生活，而自己却从未意识到自己所做之事的重要性。A. significance意义；B. existence存在；C. intention意图；D. necessity必要。根据上文“how many lives we quietly alter without recognizing the”可知，作者感慨微小举动蕴含重大意义。 【10题详解】 考查动词。句意：仅仅一本书，却彻底俘获并改变了我的人生世界。A. defined界定；B. captured俘获；C. ruled统治；D. fixed修复。根据上文“For all that woman had really done was lend me a book.”可知，书籍深刻影响人生，俘获作者的内心。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Researchers have found that a person’s walking style can reveal their emotions. In a study, actors walked while recalling emotional events. Their movements ____11____ (record) and turned into videos. Volunteers watched the videos and ____12____ (correct) identified emotions such as anger, sadness and fear based on arm and leg swings. Larger swings signalled aggression, while smaller ones indicated fear or sadness. The findings could be used in AI systems or cameras ____13____ (recognise) mental states. 【答案】11. were recorded 12. correctly 13. to recognise 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍研究发现人的走路姿态能够反映自身情绪，该研究成果还可应用于人工智能与摄像识别领域。 【11题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：他们的动作被记录下来并制作成视频。此处为谓语动词，叙述实验过往过程，用一般过去时，主语Their movements与record之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为were recorded。故填were recorded。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：志愿者观看视频，并依据手臂与腿部摆动，准确识别出愤怒、悲伤、恐惧这类情绪。此处修饰动词identified，需用副词作状语，correct的副词形式为correctly意为“准确地”。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一研究成果能够应用于人工智能系统或摄像设备，以此识别心理情绪状态。此处为非谓语动词作状语，体现技术运用的目的，所以此处为动词不定式形式to recognise作目的状语。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 OpenClaw is an open-source AI agent ____14____ (nickname) “the lobster (龙虾)” for its red lobster-shaped logo. Unlike traditional chatbots that only give suggestions, it autonomously ____15____ (finish) tasks by taking over a user’s computer. Through a “perceive-decide-execute” loop, it manages files, sends emails, and writes code. What sets it apart is its “local-first” design, ____16____ keeps data private on the user’s device. OpenClaw bridges the gap between conversational AI and real-world automation. 【答案】14. nicknamed 15. finishes 16. which 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍人工智能代理OpenClaw的得名由来、功能特点及设计优势。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：OpenClaw是一款开源人工智能代理，因其红色龙虾形状的标志被昵称为“龙虾”。本句已有谓语动词is，此处需用非谓语动词。主语an open-source AI agent与nickname之间为被动关系，需用过去分词作后置定语。 【15题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不同于只提供建议的传统聊天机器人，它能够接管用户的电脑自主完成任务。此处作句子谓语，句子介绍产品客观特性，使用一般现在时；主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式finishes。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它的独特之处在于其“本地优先”的设计，该设计将数据保存在用户设备上以保护隐私。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为design，指物，从句缺少主语，需用关系代词which引导从句。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I once suffered from insomnia (失眠), but gradually learned to embrace the night. Instead of staying indoors, ___17___ (feel) anxious, I began to take my “night journeys”. I discovered what I ___18___ (miss) — the peace that darkness offers. I shared these adventures with my children, hoping to help them overcome ___19___ (they) fear of the dark. What began ___20___ sleeplessness turned into a deep appreciation for the beauty and freedom of the night. Now I regard darkness not as something terrifying, but as a precious gift. 【答案】17. feeling 18. had missed 19. their 20. as 【解析】 【导语】作者曾饱受失眠困扰，慢慢学会接纳黑夜。夜间漫步让其领略夜色静谧，还陪伴孩子克服惧黑心理，最终由衷欣赏黑夜之美。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：不再待在室内忧心忡忡，我开始进行“夜间旅行”了。句子谓语动词是began，空格处填入非谓语动词，此处feel“感觉”与其逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 【18题详解】 考查时态。句意：我终于领悟到了我所错过的——黑暗所带来的宁静。空格处动作发生再discovered之前，发生在过去的过去用过去完成时，miss“错过”的过去分词为missed。 【19题详解】 考查代词。句意：我将这些经历与我的孩子们分享，希望能帮助他们克服对黑暗的恐惧。修饰名词fear用形容词性物主代词their。 【20题详解】 考查介词。句意：起初的失眠状态逐渐转变为对夜晚的美丽与自由的深深喜爱。短语begin as表示“以……开始，起初始于”。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Environment & Conservation Volunteering Abroad Programs Are you passionate about eco-volunteering or climate change? Want to support environmental volunteer abroad projects or get involved with conservation volunteer opportunities around the world? Join affordable environmental volunteer programs offered by International Volunteer Headquarters (IVHQ)! As an environmental volunteer with IVHQ, you’ll have the opportunity to support jungle and rainforest conservation, climate action, environmental education, sustainable cities, organic farming and tree planting volunteer projects within communities abroad. Choose from 27 Environment and Conservation programs across 20 destinations worldwide Work alongside local conservationists — no previous experience required Suited to active volunteers who love nature and being outdoors Help tackle climate change, pollution and protect endangered ecosystems Why do environmental volunteering with IVHQ? Low cost, high impact programs Aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals Accommodation, meals, orientation & in-country support included Pre-departure guidance and 24/7 in-country support What to expect from environmental volunteer work abroad IVHQ’s affordable Environment and Conservation volunteer projects are available year-round and are perfectly suited to volunteers who are up for a challenge and don’t mind getting their hands dirty. Conservation volunteer work is varied and dependent on the type of environmental project you choose. From reforestation volunteer programs to climate action projects, you could be collecting data on endangered species, planting trees, learning about sustainable farming techniques, growing organic food, developing green urban spaces, protecting threatened rainforests and much more. Learn more about our environmental volunteering abroad projects available on the website www.ivhqprogram.com. 21. IVHQ’s programs are suitable for volunteers who _______. A. enjoy nature and outdoor life B. are up for academic challenges C. are experienced conservationists D. can offer 24/7 in-country support 22. What can volunteers do in IVHQ’s environmental projects? A. Spread farming techniques. B. Feed endangered species. C. Create green city areas. D. Explore rainforests. 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To call on volunteers to protect ecosystems. B. To show the significance of conservation work. C. To introduce IVHQ’s local volunteer programs. D. To attract volunteers for environmental programs. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍国际志愿者总部推出的海外环保志愿项目，说明招募要求、服务内容与项目优势。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Suited to active volunteers who love nature and being outdoors (该项目适合热爱大自然、喜爱户外生活的积极志愿者。)”可知，该志愿项目适配喜爱自然与户外生活的人群。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“From reforestation volunteer programs to climate action projects, you could be collecting data on endangered species, planting trees, learning about sustainable farming techniques, growing organic food, developing green urban spaces, protecting threatened rainforests and much more. (从植树造林志愿项目到气候行动项目，你可以收集濒危物种相关数据、植树造林、学习可持续农业技术、种植有机作物、打造城市绿地、保护濒危雨林，以及参与诸多其他相关事务。)”可知，志愿者能够参与打造城市绿地的相关工作。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Want to support environmental volunteer abroad projects or get involved with conservation volunteer opportunities around the world?(想要助力海外环保志愿项目，参与全球保护志愿活动吗？)”以及结尾处“Learn more about our environmental volunteering abroad projects available on the website www.ivhqprogram.com.(可登录网站了解更多海外环保志愿项目详情。)”可知，文章介绍项目各项信息，目的是吸引人们报名参与环保志愿项目。 B When the call came for volunteers to visit local schools for Brain Awareness Week, I jumped at the opportunity. I had spent the past 3 years with my head down, focused on my neuroscience Ph. D., and I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. I found it deeply satisfying to help the students understand even just a little bit about why their grandparents might not remember things or why the brains of their autistic (患自闭症的) brothers or sisters might work differently. The next day, I went back to my normal lab routine. But the experience planted a seed, eventually leading me to a new career. I entered grad school with the hope to become a professor. I wasn’t required to teach, but I volunteered as a teaching assistant. But mostly I focused on research, which should be the priority for an academic job. I was happy with that for many years, as I loved making discoveries and publishing papers. But after becoming a postdoc I felt lost in research details and longed to see the big-picture impact. Amid my struggle, a career symposium (专题研讨会) at my institute drew my attention. Hearing scientists’ transitions to positions at museums or research institutes, I realized that science education could be a career. Afterward, I asked the speakers for advice on following in their footsteps, although I admitted, “I don’t know if I’m brave enough.” The speakers convinced me of pursuing a career out of my interest. But I realized my new path wasn’t as straightforward as the academic route. I wondered how to find relevant jobs and feared my former colleagues would view me as a failed postdoc. But I chose to be courageous and do what was best for me. I followed a winding path. Initially, I wrote about scientific discoveries for the public and worked at a science center. Eventually I found a job teaching biology. The first year was difficult because I had to learn classroom management and teaching practices. But I soon navigated my new profession and became confident in my choice. I sometimes miss my research career. But when seeing my impact on young people, I know my new path suits my skills and passions. Scientists can serve society in different ways. It took me a long time to realize that, but I am at peace with it now. 24. When accepting the volunteer opportunity, the author wanted to _______. A. help cure children with autism B. communicate science to students C. finish her Ph.D. program on time D. seek a teaching job in local schools 25. What drove the author to consider science education as a career? A. The desire to gain respect from colleagues. B. The expectation to achieve academic success. C. The longing to escape from research pressure. D. The inspiration from other scientists’ career shifts. 26. How does the author think of her current career? A. Respectable. B. Fulfilling. C. Flexible. D. Creative. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Stay true to yourself and chart your own course. B. Opportunities come to those who patiently wait. C. It is actions, not intentions, that define a person. D. Smooth seas could never make skillful sailors. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】作者原本攻读神经科学博士，一次校园科普志愿经历埋下职业转变种子。受他人启发转行科教领域，历经摸索适应，最终找到契合自身热爱与价值的人生方向。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I had spent the past 3 years with my head down, focused on my neuroscience Ph. D., and I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. I found it deeply satisfying to help the students understand even just a little bit about why their grandparents might not remember things or why the brains of their autistic (患自闭症的) brothers or sisters might work differently.(过去三年里，我一直埋头于神经科学博士学位的研究中，专注于此。而且我非常渴望能够走出实验室，与人分享我所学到的知识。帮助学生们哪怕只是稍微理解一下为什么他们的祖父母可能记不住事情，或者为什么他们患有自闭症的兄弟姐妹的大脑运作方式会有所不同，这让我感到非常满足)”可知，在接受这份志愿者工作时，作者希望向学生传播科学知识。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Hearing scientists’ transitions to positions at museums or research institutes, I realized that science education could be a career.(看到科学家们纷纷转到博物馆或科研机构工作，我意识到从事科学教育工作也可以成为一种职业)”可知，从其他科学家职业转变中获得的启示促使这位作者将从事科学教育工作视为自己的职业选择。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But when seeing my impact on young people, I know my new path suits my skills and passions. Scientists can serve society in different ways. It took me a long time to realize that, but I am at peace with it now.(但当我看到自己对年轻人产生的影响后，我意识到自己的新职业路径与我的技能和热情十分契合。科学家可以以不同的方式为社会服务。我花了很长时间才明白这一点，但现在我已经对此感到心安了)”可知，作者对目前的职业感到满意。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But when seeing my impact on young people, I know my new path suits my skills and passions. Scientists can serve society in different ways. It took me a long time to realize that, but I am at peace with it now.(但当我看到自己对年轻人产生的影响后，我意识到自己的新职业路径与我的技能和热情十分契合。科学家可以以不同的方式为社会服务。我花了很长时间才明白这一点，但现在我已经对此感到心安了)”结合全文作者遵从内心放弃科研，选择适配自身热爱的道路，对应坚守本心走自己的路。可知，文章告诉我们保持自我，走自己的路。 C Whales are some of the most highly intelligent species on Earth. Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has surfaced: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声学的) interactions with whales? And what could these interactions reveal about non-human intelligence? Researchers from the University of California and the Alaska Whale Foundation have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales, and they’ve come up with some fascinating conclusions. When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a whup, and played it underwater around their research vessel, they were surprised when a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a single sound, or whup call, that Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them, a “conversation” described in their PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call for when animals come together or just to signal that individuals are in a certain location,” says Dawson Hubbard, study author and animal behaviourist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the temperament of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more extroverted than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. Twain circled around the scientists’ boat and was in proximity to its speakers. Permit limitations only allow for researchers to produce the sound for 20 minutes, but once they stopped, Twain continued to produce more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about Twain is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t a caged environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” says Hubbard. Often, a willingness to communicate with humans would be food-mediated, but in this case, it wasn’t. There have also been other examples. Gray whales in the San Ignacio lagoon in Mexico, for example, are famously friendly. In fact, some gray whales regularly approach boats and allow visitors to have gentle contact with them. According to the Oceanic Society, this behaviour isn’t shared amongst all gray whales, and in fact, this species of whale was almost hunted to extinction just a generation ago. But the behaviour may have been passed down through generations, and some gray whales in this population voluntarily approach humans. In the end, these and other encounters show that, in some cases, individual whales appear willing to engage with humans. And the more we learn about their mode of communication and what they are saying to us, the more we can learn about them. 28. To study whales, the scientists _______. A. caught whales for controlled experiments B. trained whales to converse with humans C. responded to whales with recorded calls D. played whale calls to interact with them 29. What can we infer from the passage? A. The maximum duration of whales’ response is 20 minutes. B. Gray whales’ friendly behaviour may be a learned feature. C. Whales’ personality decides their willingness to interact. D. Humpback whales respond to humans for food rewards. 30. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Decoding the Talk Between Humans and Whales B. Are Whales Willing to Talk with Humans? C. Could Humans Ever Talk with Whales? D. Unlocking the Secret of Whale Whups 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕人类能否与鲸鱼开展声学交流展开，介绍相关实验发现与鲸鱼互动的相关特点。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a whup, and played it underwater around their research vessel, they were surprised when a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange.(当科学家录制了一种座头鲸的联络叫声，名为呜呜声，并在研究船的水下播放该声音时，他们惊讶地发现一头名为吐温的鲸鱼十分乐意参与这场一问一答的交流)”可知，科学家通过播放鲸鱼叫声与鲸鱼互动开展研究。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“But the behaviour may have been passed down through generations, and some gray whales in this population voluntarily approach humans.(但这种行为可能代代相传，该种群中的一些灰鲸会主动靠近人类)”可知，灰鲸友好的行为可能是后天习得、代代传承的特征。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Could humans one day engage in acoustic interactions with whales? And what could these interactions reveal about non-human intelligence?(人类有朝一日能否与鲸鱼开展声学交流？这些交流又能揭示出哪些非人类智慧的信息？)”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕人类能否与鲸鱼交流这一核心问题，结合实验、案例展开探讨。C选项“人类终将与鲸鱼对话吗？”精准概括全文主旨，是最佳标题。 D What time is it? It’s such a basic question and provokes me to take a look at time in the context of both humans and artificial intelligence. Simply put, AI operates inside the now, the perpetual present. Yet humans construct meaning across time. This “temporal divide” creates a key distinction, if not a conflict, that’s worthy of a deeper look. Typically, we evaluate artificial intelligence by capability, which includes things like speed, accuracy, fluency, and even scale. But my take is that this perspective misses something that is both critical and deeply human. Humans build meaning through continuity, and this includes memory, revision, anticipation, and the lived accumulation of experience. AI does not. For us, meaning is shaped across duration. We don’t form understanding from isolated frames. We learn from many moments that inform and reshape each other. The reliability of our beliefs depends on that slow integration. It’s how understanding matures into something stable, or perhaps better said, human. AI collapses time into immediacy. Each output stands alone without reference to what came before and without responsibility toward what may follow. This is why AI can be so persuasive, as it produces coherence (连贯性) without the weight of history behind it. A recent study that examined reasoning tasks illustrates this rather clearly. AI assistance led participants to perform slightly better, but to feel dramatically more improved than they actually were. This illusion emerges because instant coherence (tech) feels like internal mastery (human). Anyone who has used AI to summarise a concept has felt this. It happens when you read a smooth, confident explanation and suddenly believe you now “understand” it without any of the internal struggle that produces true understanding. The mind confuses the appearance of cognition with the acquisition of cognition. And the key distinction is that AI shortens the distance between exposure and confidence, not between exposure and wisdom. I think this matters because humans may begin adapting to the temporal logic of machines. If present-tense coherence becomes more rewarding than the slower accumulation of meaning, we could begin to trade our temporal cognition for the immediacy AI offers. The risk is not replacement, but more of a dissociation from the very structure of meaning-making that defines the human mind. The real question, as I have relentlessly asked, is not whether AI will think like we do. The question is whether we will continue to think like ourselves. To defend the narrative arc is far from a poetic gesture. It’s an essential cognitive practice. For me, it means tolerating slower understanding when speed is seductive. It means returning to the longer thread of experience when instant fluency tempts us. It means remembering that wisdom requires the friction of time. And that’s something we all should consider. Meaning is temporal. Story is temporal. Identity is temporal. AI does not live there. We do. 31. What does the “temporal divide” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. A distinction in evaluating AI’s competences. B. A gap between present living and past reflection. C. A difference in how humans and AI make meaning. D. A divide in time management between humans and AI. 32. As for the result of the study examining reasoning skills, the author feels _______. A. worried B. surprised C. doubtful D. sympathetic 33. How does the author mainly develop the passage? A. By raising questions and solving them one by one. B. By citing studies and evaluating their limitations. C. By presenting a study and drawing a conclusion. D. By introducing a concept and making contrasts. 34. What can we learn from the passage? A. Exposure+Confidence=Mastery B. Coherence+Immediacy=Logic C. Duration+Friction=Wisdom D. Speed+Fluency=Insight 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 【解析】 【导语】文章对比人类与人工智能的时间认知差异，指出AI即时性特点的弊端，警示人类坚守自身时间性认知与智慧。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Simply put, AI operates inside the now, the perpetual present. Yet humans construct meaning across time. This “temporal divide” creates a key distinction, if not a conflict, that’s worthy of a deeper look.(简单来说，人工智能运作于当下、永恒的此刻。而人类跨越时间构建意义。这种“temporal divide”形成了一种值得深入探究的关键区别，甚至可以说是冲突)”以及第二段“Humans build meaning through continuity... AI does not.(人类通过延续性构建意义……而人工智能不能)”可知，“temporal divide”指人类和人工智能构建意义的方式不同。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“I think this matters because humans may begin adapting to the temporal logic of machines... we could begin to trade our temporal cognition for the immediacy AI offers. The risk is not replacement, but more of a dissociation from the very structure of meaning-making that defines the human mind.(我认为这很重要，因为人类可能会开始适应机器的时间逻辑……我们可能会用自身的时间认知换取人工智能提供的即时性。风险不在于被取代，而在于逐渐脱离定义人类思维的意义构建体系)”可知，作者对这项研究反映出的现象感到担忧。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Simply put, AI operates inside the now, the perpetual present. Yet humans construct meaning across time. This “temporal divide” creates a key distinction, if not a conflict, that’s worthy of a deeper look.(简单来说，人工智能运作于当下、永恒的此刻。而人类跨越时间构建意义。这种“时间差异”形成了一种值得深入探究的关键区别，甚至可以说是冲突)”以及后文多处对比人类依靠时间延续构建意义、人工智能将时间压缩为即时反应的不同模式可知，文章先引出时间差异这一概念，再通过对比人与人工智能的思维特点展开论述。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It means tolerating slower understanding when speed is seductive. It means returning to the longer thread of experience when instant fluency tempts us. It means remembering that wisdom requires the friction of time.(这意味着在速度极具诱惑时，包容缓慢的理解；在即时流畅性诱惑我们时，回归更长的经验脉络；我们要记住，智慧需要时间的磨砺)”可知，时长积累与时间磨砺方能造就智慧，即Duration+Friction=Wisdom。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You’re in the middle of the afternoon, eyelids heavy, focus slipping. You close your eyes for half an hour and wake up feeling recharged. But later that night, you’re tossing and turning in bed, wondering why you can’t drift off. ____35____ Napping has long been praised as a tool for boosting alertness, enhancing mood, strengthening memory, and improving productivity. Yet for some, they can sabotage nighttime sleep. Napping is a double-edged sword. Done right, it is a powerful way to recharge. Done wrong, it can leave you struggling to fall asleep later. ____36____ Most people experience a natural dip in alertness in the early afternoon, typically between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. Our internal body clock creates cycles of wakefulness and tiredness throughout the day. The early afternoon lull is part of this cycle, which is why so many people feel drowsy at that time. Studies suggest that a short nap allows the brain to rest without slipping into deep sleep. But there’s a catch. ____37____ This is due to “sleep inertia” — the grogginess (昏沉) and disorientation that comes from waking up during deeper sleep stages. Once a nap extends beyond 30 minutes, the brain transitions into slow-wave sleep, making it much harder to wake up. For certain groups, napping is essential. ____38____ A well-timed nap before a night duty can boost their alertness and reduce the risk of errors and accidents. Similarly, people who regularly struggle to get enough sleep at night — whether due to work, parenting, or other demands — may benefit from naps to bank extra hours of sleep that compensate for their sleep loss. ____39____ Age, lifestyle, and underlying sleep patterns all influence whether naps help or hinder. A good nap is all about strategy — knowing when, how, and if one should nap at all. A. Despite the benefits, napping isn’t for everyone. B. Waking from deep sleep leaves you feeling tired for up to an hour. C. Napping too long may result in waking up feeling worse than before. D. Relying on naps instead of improving nighttime sleep is a short-term fix. E. That midday nap which felt so refreshing at the time might be the reason. F. Shift workers often struggle with broken sleep due to irregular schedules. G. The key lies in understanding how the body regulates sleep and wakefulness. 【答案】35. E 36. G 37. C 38. F 39. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了午睡的好处、坏处以及如何有效地进行午睡。 【35题详解】 上文“But later that night, you’re tossing and turning in bed, wondering why you can’t drift off.(但就在当晚，你躺在床上辗转反侧，心里琢磨着自己为何无法安然入睡)”描述了晚上睡不着的情景，E项“那次午间小睡当时感觉十分令人神清气爽，这或许就是原因所在”和前文为顺接关系，并引出下文对午睡相关内容的阐述，符合语境，其中“midday nap”和前文描述的情景相呼应，指出中午的小睡可能是晚上睡不着的原因。 【36题详解】 上文“Napping has long been praised as a tool for boosting alertness, enhancing mood, strengthening memory, and improving productivity. Yet for some, they can sabotage nighttime sleep. Napping is a double-edged sword. Done right, it is a powerful way to recharge. Done wrong, it can leave you struggling to fall asleep later.(午睡长期以来一直被赞誉为一种能提高警觉性、改善情绪、增强记忆力以及提升工作效率的良方。然而对某些人而言，午睡可能会干扰夜间睡眠。午睡是一把双刃剑。如果做得恰当，它能成为一种强大的恢复精力的方式。但如果做得不当，可能会导致你之后难以入睡)”指出午睡有利有弊，G项“关键在于了解身体是如何调节睡眠和清醒的”承接上文，指出如何发挥午睡的好处，避免其坏处，其中“key”和前文相呼应，指出了解身体如何调节睡眠和清醒是关键。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Most people experience a natural dip in alertness in the early afternoon, typically between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. Our internal body clock creates cycles of wakefulness and tiredness throughout the day. The early afternoon lull is part of this cycle, which is why so many people feel drowsy at that time. Studies suggest that a short nap allows the brain to rest without slipping into deep sleep. But there’s a catch.(大多数人在下午早些时候会自然地感到精神不振，通常是在下午1点到4点之间。我们的体内生物钟会控制着一天中的清醒与疲倦的周期变化。下午早些时候的困倦状态就是这个周期的一部分，这就是为什么很多人在这个时候会感到昏昏欲睡的原因。研究表明，短暂的小睡能让大脑得到休息，同时又不会进入深度睡眠状态。但也有一个需要注意的地方)”以及后文“This is due to “sleep inertia”—the grogginess (昏沉) and disorientation that comes from waking up during deeper sleep stages. Once a nap extends beyond 30 minutes, the brain transitions into slow-wave sleep, making it much harder to wake up.(这是由于“睡眠惯性”所致——即在深度睡眠阶段醒来时所出现的昏昏沉沉和方向迷失的感觉。一旦小睡时间超过30分钟，大脑就会进入慢波睡眠状态，从而使得醒来变得更加困难)”可知，第三段提到短睡有益但存在缺陷，C选项“睡眠时间过长可能会导致醒来时感觉比之前更糟糕”说明小睡过久的负面影响，引出下文对该现象的原因（睡眠惯性）的解释，符合语境。 【38题详解】 根据上文“For certain groups, napping is essential.(对于某些人群而言，小睡是必不可少的)”以及后文“A well-timed nap before a night duty can boost their alertness and reduce the risk of errors and accidents. Similarly, people who regularly struggle to get enough sleep at night — whether due to work, parenting, or other demands — may benefit from naps to bank extra hours of sleep that compensate for their sleep loss.(在夜间值班前适时小睡一会儿，能够提高警觉性，降低出错和发生事故的风险。同样，那些经常因工作、育儿或其他原因而难以获得充足睡眠的人，通过小睡可以获得额外的睡眠时间，从而弥补睡眠不足的情况)”可知，第四段点明部分特定人群需要小睡，后文举例夜班工作者小睡的好处，F选项“轮班工作者常常因不规律的工作时间而遭遇睡眠中断的问题”介绍倒班工作者的睡眠问题，正好对应下文的例子，逻辑通顺。 【39题详解】 根据后文“Age, lifestyle, and underlying sleep patterns all influence whether naps help or hinder. A good nap is all about strategy — knowing when, how, and if one should nap at all.(年龄、生活方式以及个人的睡眠习惯都会影响午睡的效果是好是坏。一个有效的午睡其实讲究的是策略——要知道何时、如何以及是否应该午睡)”可知，后文提到年龄、生活方式等因素会影响小睡的作用，A选项“尽管午睡有诸多好处，但并非所有人都适合午睡”指出小睡虽有好处但并不适合所有人，引出下文，符合逻辑。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32 分） 第一节（共 4 小题；第 40 、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 While the world celebrates Beijing’s imperial grandeur, Hou Lei, a 43-year-old researcher, is busy documenting the city’s easily forgotten details: a neglected jockey club, the specific taste of fermented tofu, and stories of elderly residents who once assisted great historians. “If local writers don’t record these smallest and most hidden details, they will disappear,” Hou said. A strikingly overlooked part of Beijing’s history is horse racing, which few people know once thrived in the city center. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, it became an international sport by the 1920s and was a popular entertainment. Hou is renowned for uncovering overlooked details, focusing on ordinary Beijingers’ daily lives. In his Spring Festival-related books and lectures, he highlights little-seen traditions, including four essential dishes: mustard root, stir-fried pickled cucumber, tofu with fermented black beans, and roupidong. “These modest dishes mattered,” Hou said. “Even the poorest families ensured they were on the table.” With his family living in Beijing for over 150 years, he still resides in a hutong to conduct research, often walking alleyways to photograph celebrities’ former residences and collect stories. On one such walk, Hou met an elderly man who told him he had once assisted historian Gu Jiegang (1893 — 1980) and was still dedicated to preserving his research. “That encounter reinforced my belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure,” Hou said. As the author of Beijing Smoke-like Trees and The Record of Beijing’s Prosperity, Hou has also recently edited Anecdotes of the Yan Capital, a collection of research on Beijing. “Prose demands discipline and inner strength,” he said. “The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself.” Still, he believes Beijing’s cultural richness leaves plenty to explore. “People have been writing about Beijing since the Yuan Dynasty,” Hou said. “Different writers capture its people, its flavors and its stories. I will keep writing in the Beijing dialect, continuing to uncover the memories buried in the city.” 40. Why does Hou Lei record the details of Beijing life? ____________________________________________________ 41. What reinforced Hou Lei’s belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Writing becomes more challenging over time, because there is no much lef t to explore. ____________________________________________________ 43. Besides Hou Lei’s methods, what other ways would you use to preserve Beijing’s traditional culture? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Because he believes that if local writers don’t record them, they will disappear. 41. His encounter with an elderly man who was dedicated to preserving Gu Jiegang’s research. 42. Writing becomes more challenging over time, because there is not much left to explore. The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself. 43. I would create short videos about disappearing traditions and share them on social media to attract young people. Also, I would organize community workshops where elderly residents teach traditional crafts to children, keeping the skills alive through hands-on experience. 【解析】 【导语】研究者侯磊专注记录北京小众市井细节与尘封往事，走访胡同搜集民间故事，撰文留存城市记忆，坚持挖掘书写老城独有的民俗与历史底蕴。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“If local writers don’t record these smallest and most hidden details, they will disappear(如果当地的作家们不把这些最细微、最隐秘的细节记录下来，它们就会消失不见)”可知，侯磊记录北京的生活细节是因为他认为，如果当地的作家不记录下来，这些内容就会消失。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“On one such walk, Hou met an elderly man who told him he had once assisted historian Gu Jiegang (1893 — 1980) and was still dedicated to preserving his research. “That encounter reinforced my belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure,” Hou said.(一次走访途中，侯磊偶遇一位老人。老人称自己曾协助历史学家顾颉刚，至今仍致力于整理留存其研究资料。这次相遇让他愈发坚信，北京胡同处处皆是珍宝)”可知，遇到了一位致力于保护顾颉刚研究成果的老人让侯磊更加坚信北京的胡同是珍贵的财富。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段“The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself.(你写得越多，就越会发现难度在不断增加，因为你必须不断超越自我)”可知，错误部分为“because there is not much left to explore”。你写得越多，就越难，因为你必须不断超越自我。 【43题详解】 考查开放题。问题是“除了侯磊所采用的方法之外，您还会采用哪些方式来保护北京的传统文化呢？”可回答：我会制作一些关于逐渐消失的传统习俗的短视频，并将其发布在社交媒体上，以吸引年轻人的关注。此外，我还会组织社区工作坊，让年长的居民向孩子们传授传统技艺，通过亲身体验来传承这些技能。 第二节（20 分） 44. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim得知你校上周举办了“网络安全”（Cyber Security）主题教育活动，来信就此询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Knowing that you are interested in the “Cyber Security” themed activity our school held last week, I’m writing to share the details. The event consisted of several engaging parts. First, we attended a lecture given by a cybersecurity expert, who explained common online risks such as fake news and identity theft, with real-life cases. We also learned to set secure passwords and tell unsafe links apart. Additionally, there was a poster-making competition, through which we creatively spread safety tips among peers. This activity benefited me a lot. I have learnt that protecting personal information is as important as protecting ourselves. Most importantly, it has made me more aware of how to protect my personal data and stay safe in the digital world. I hope you find my experience interesting. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以红星中学高三学生李华的名义给外国好友Jim回一封信，介绍学校上周举办的“网络安全”主题教育活动，并谈谈自己的感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in → be keen on 常见的：common → widespread 安全的：safe → secure 保护：protect → safeguard 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I have learnt that protecting personal information is as important as protecting ourselves. Most importantly, it has made me more aware of how to protect my personal data and stay safe in the digital world. 拓展句：I have learnt that protecting personal information is as important as protecting ourselves, which has made me more aware of how to protect my personal data and stay safe in the digital world. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are interested in the “Cyber Security” themed activity our school held last week, I’m writing to share the details. (运用了现在分词作状语以及that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Additionally, there was a poster-making competition, through which we creatively spread safety tips among peers. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026北京丰台高三二模 英 语 本试卷共 12 页，100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30 分） 第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At 10, I borrowed a library book with “love story” in the title. My mother found it inappropriate and we went back to the library. I was extremely ____1____ as my mother explained to the librarian on duty that I needed reading material that was different from the book. The librarian said nothing and only slightly smiled. She gracefully led me to the teenager fiction section, ____2____ I Capture the Castle by Dodie Smith, the author of 101 Dalmatians (斑点狗). I felt far too old for dog stories. “It’s very different from 101 Dalmatians, though,” she said, registering my ____3____. I tried to take her words of it, but I was ____4____. I mean, the title alone was weird. I Capture the Castle? It sounded like a bunch of stupid kids playing King of the Hill. However, the typical British humor in the book and the vivid first-person narration created an awkward yet lovely teenage girl image, which ____5____ me. I also learned that writing did not require a perfect setting; true feelings mattered more. That book ____6____ my writing dreams. Sixteen years later, I, now a writer, ran into the very librarian in a tea shop. She still looked gentle. I rushed to thank her, “You once showed me I Capture the Castle! I’m a writer now! That’s still my ____7____ book!” But her daughter told me that dementia (痴呆症) had kept her from ____8____ me. I watched her leave, wondering how many lives we quietly alter without recognizing the ____9____ of our deeds. For all that woman had really done was lend me a book. But it had ____10____ my world. 1. A. frightened B. shocked C. embarrassed D. bored 2. A. criticising B. returning C. overlooking D. recommending 3. A. nervousness B. relief C. disappointment D. curiosity 4. A. doubtful B. optimistic C. anxious D. interested 5. A. fell on B. appealed to C. stood by D. went against 6. A. changed B. boosted C. reflected D. challenged 7. A. proper B. secret C. latest D. favorite 8. A. believing B. understanding C. accepting D. admiring 9. A. significance B. existence C. intention D. necessity 10. A. defined B. captured C. ruled D. fixed 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Researchers have found that a person’s walking style can reveal their emotions. In a study, actors walked while recalling emotional events. Their movements ____11____ (record) and turned into videos. Volunteers watched the videos and ____12____ (correct) identified emotions such as anger, sadness and fear based on arm and leg swings. Larger swings signalled aggression, while smaller ones indicated fear or sadness. The findings could be used in AI systems or cameras ____13____ (recognise) mental states. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 OpenClaw is an open-source AI agent ____14____ (nickname) “the lobster (龙虾)” for its red lobster-shaped logo. Unlike traditional chatbots that only give suggestions, it autonomously ____15____ (finish) tasks by taking over a user’s computer. Through a “perceive-decide-execute” loop, it manages files, sends emails, and writes code. What sets it apart is its “local-first” design, ____16____ keeps data private on the user’s device. OpenClaw bridges the gap between conversational AI and real-world automation. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I once suffered from insomnia (失眠), but gradually learned to embrace the night. Instead of staying indoors, ___17___ (feel) anxious, I began to take my “night journeys”. I discovered what I ___18___ (miss) — the peace that darkness offers. I shared these adventures with my children, hoping to help them overcome ___19___ (they) fear of the dark. What began ___20___ sleeplessness turned into a deep appreciation for the beauty and freedom of the night. Now I regard darkness not as something terrifying, but as a precious gift. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Environment & Conservation Volunteering Abroad Programs Are you passionate about eco-volunteering or climate change? Want to support environmental volunteer abroad projects or get involved with conservation volunteer opportunities around the world? Join affordable environmental volunteer programs offered by International Volunteer Headquarters (IVHQ)! As an environmental volunteer with IVHQ, you’ll have the opportunity to support jungle and rainforest conservation, climate action, environmental education, sustainable cities, organic farming and tree planting volunteer projects within communities abroad. Choose from 27 Environment and Conservation programs across 20 destinations worldwide Work alongside local conservationists — no previous experience required Suited to active volunteers who love nature and being outdoors Help tackle climate change, pollution and protect endangered ecosystems Why do environmental volunteering with IVHQ? Low cost, high impact programs Aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals Accommodation, meals, orientation & in-country support included Pre-departure guidance and 24/7 in-country support What to expect from environmental volunteer work abroad IVHQ’s affordable Environment and Conservation volunteer projects are available year-round and are perfectly suited to volunteers who are up for a challenge and don’t mind getting their hands dirty. Conservation volunteer work is varied and dependent on the type of environmental project you choose. From reforestation volunteer programs to climate action projects, you could be collecting data on endangered species, planting trees, learning about sustainable farming techniques, growing organic food, developing green urban spaces, protecting threatened rainforests and much more. Learn more about our environmental volunteering abroad projects available on the website www.ivhqprogram.com. 21. IVHQ’s programs are suitable for volunteers who _______. A. enjoy nature and outdoor life B. are up for academic challenges C. are experienced conservationists D. can offer 24/7 in-country support 22. What can volunteers do in IVHQ’s environmental projects? A. Spread farming techniques. B. Feed endangered species. C. Create green city areas. D. Explore rainforests. 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To call on volunteers to protect ecosystems. B. To show the significance of conservation work. C. To introduce IVHQ’s local volunteer programs. D. To attract volunteers for environmental programs. B When the call came for volunteers to visit local schools for Brain Awareness Week, I jumped at the opportunity. I had spent the past 3 years with my head down, focused on my neuroscience Ph. D., and I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. I found it deeply satisfying to help the students understand even just a little bit about why their grandparents might not remember things or why the brains of their autistic (患自闭症的) brothers or sisters might work differently. The next day, I went back to my normal lab routine. But the experience planted a seed, eventually leading me to a new career. I entered grad school with the hope to become a professor. I wasn’t required to teach, but I volunteered as a teaching assistant. But mostly I focused on research, which should be the priority for an academic job. I was happy with that for many years, as I loved making discoveries and publishing papers. But after becoming a postdoc I felt lost in research details and longed to see the big-picture impact. Amid my struggle, a career symposium (专题研讨会) at my institute drew my attention. Hearing scientists’ transitions to positions at museums or research institutes, I realized that science education could be a career. Afterward, I asked the speakers for advice on following in their footsteps, although I admitted, “I don’t know if I’m brave enough.” The speakers convinced me of pursuing a career out of my interest. But I realized my new path wasn’t as straightforward as the academic route. I wondered how to find relevant jobs and feared my former colleagues would view me as a failed postdoc. But I chose to be courageous and do what was best for me. I followed a winding path. Initially, I wrote about scientific discoveries for the public and worked at a science center. Eventually I found a job teaching biology. The first year was difficult because I had to learn classroom management and teaching practices. But I soon navigated my new profession and became confident in my choice. I sometimes miss my research career. But when seeing my impact on young people, I know my new path suits my skills and passions. Scientists can serve society in different ways. It took me a long time to realize that, but I am at peace with it now. 24. When accepting the volunteer opportunity, the author wanted to _______. A. help cure children with autism B. communicate science to students C. finish her Ph.D. program on time D. seek a teaching job in local schools 25. What drove the author to consider science education as a career? A. The desire to gain respect from colleagues. B. The expectation to achieve academic success. C. The longing to escape from research pressure. D. The inspiration from other scientists’ career shifts. 26. How does the author think of her current career? A. Respectable. B. Fulfilling. C. Flexible. D. Creative. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Stay true to yourself and chart your own course. B. Opportunities come to those who patiently wait. C. It is actions, not intentions, that define a person. D. Smooth seas could never make skillful sailors. C Whales are some of the most highly intelligent species on Earth. Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has surfaced: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声学的) interactions with whales? And what could these interactions reveal about non-human intelligence? Researchers from the University of California and the Alaska Whale Foundation have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales, and they’ve come up with some fascinating conclusions. When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a whup, and played it underwater around their research vessel, they were surprised when a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a single sound, or whup call, that Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them, a “conversation” described in their PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call for when animals come together or just to signal that individuals are in a certain location,” says Dawson Hubbard, study author and animal behaviourist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the temperament of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more extroverted than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. Twain circled around the scientists’ boat and was in proximity to its speakers. Permit limitations only allow for researchers to produce the sound for 20 minutes, but once they stopped, Twain continued to produce more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about Twain is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t a caged environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” says Hubbard. Often, a willingness to communicate with humans would be food-mediated, but in this case, it wasn’t. There have also been other examples. Gray whales in the San Ignacio lagoon in Mexico, for example, are famously friendly. In fact, some gray whales regularly approach boats and allow visitors to have gentle contact with them. According to the Oceanic Society, this behaviour isn’t shared amongst all gray whales, and in fact, this species of whale was almost hunted to extinction just a generation ago. But the behaviour may have been passed down through generations, and some gray whales in this population voluntarily approach humans. In the end, these and other encounters show that, in some cases, individual whales appear willing to engage with humans. And the more we learn about their mode of communication and what they are saying to us, the more we can learn about them. 28. To study whales, the scientists _______. A. caught whales for controlled experiments B. trained whales to converse with humans C. responded to whales with recorded calls D. played whale calls to interact with them 29. What can we infer from the passage? A. The maximum duration of whales’ response is 20 minutes. B. Gray whales’ friendly behaviour may be a learned feature. C. Whales’ personality decides their willingness to interact. D. Humpback whales respond to humans for food rewards. 30. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Decoding the Talk Between Humans and Whales B. Are Whales Willing to Talk with Humans? C. Could Humans Ever Talk with Whales? D. Unlocking the Secret of Whale Whups D What time is it? It’s such a basic question and provokes me to take a look at time in the context of both humans and artificial intelligence. Simply put, AI operates inside the now, the perpetual present. Yet humans construct meaning across time. This “temporal divide” creates a key distinction, if not a conflict, that’s worthy of a deeper look. Typically, we evaluate artificial intelligence by capability, which includes things like speed, accuracy, fluency, and even scale. But my take is that this perspective misses something that is both critical and deeply human. Humans build meaning through continuity, and this includes memory, revision, anticipation, and the lived accumulation of experience. AI does not. For us, meaning is shaped across duration. We don’t form understanding from isolated frames. We learn from many moments that inform and reshape each other. The reliability of our beliefs depends on that slow integration. It’s how understanding matures into something stable, or perhaps better said, human. AI collapses time into immediacy. Each output stands alone without reference to what came before and without responsibility toward what may follow. This is why AI can be so persuasive, as it produces coherence (连贯性) without the weight of history behind it. A recent study that examined reasoning tasks illustrates this rather clearly. AI assistance led participants to perform slightly better, but to feel dramatically more improved than they actually were. This illusion emerges because instant coherence (tech) feels like internal mastery (human). Anyone who has used AI to summarise a concept has felt this. It happens when you read a smooth, confident explanation and suddenly believe you now “understand” it without any of the internal struggle that produces true understanding. The mind confuses the appearance of cognition with the acquisition of cognition. And the key distinction is that AI shortens the distance between exposure and confidence, not between exposure and wisdom. I think this matters because humans may begin adapting to the temporal logic of machines. If present-tense coherence becomes more rewarding than the slower accumulation of meaning, we could begin to trade our temporal cognition for the immediacy AI offers. The risk is not replacement, but more of a dissociation from the very structure of meaning-making that defines the human mind. The real question, as I have relentlessly asked, is not whether AI will think like we do. The question is whether we will continue to think like ourselves. To defend the narrative arc is far from a poetic gesture. It’s an essential cognitive practice. For me, it means tolerating slower understanding when speed is seductive. It means returning to the longer thread of experience when instant fluency tempts us. It means remembering that wisdom requires the friction of time. And that’s something we all should consider. Meaning is temporal. Story is temporal. Identity is temporal. AI does not live there. We do. 31. What does the “temporal divide” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. A distinction in evaluating AI’s competences. B. A gap between present living and past reflection. C. A difference in how humans and AI make meaning. D. A divide in time management between humans and AI. 32. As for the result of the study examining reasoning skills, the author feels _______. A. worried B. surprised C. doubtful D. sympathetic 33. How does the author mainly develop the passage? A. By raising questions and solving them one by one. B. By citing studies and evaluating their limitations. C. By presenting a study and drawing a conclusion. D. By introducing a concept and making contrasts. 34. What can we learn from the passage? A. Exposure+Confidence=Mastery B. Coherence+Immediacy=Logic C. Duration+Friction=Wisdom D. Speed+Fluency=Insight 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You’re in the middle of the afternoon, eyelids heavy, focus slipping. You close your eyes for half an hour and wake up feeling recharged. But later that night, you’re tossing and turning in bed, wondering why you can’t drift off. ____35____ Napping has long been praised as a tool for boosting alertness, enhancing mood, strengthening memory, and improving productivity. Yet for some, they can sabotage nighttime sleep. Napping is a double-edged sword. Done right, it is a powerful way to recharge. Done wrong, it can leave you struggling to fall asleep later. ____36____ Most people experience a natural dip in alertness in the early afternoon, typically between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. Our internal body clock creates cycles of wakefulness and tiredness throughout the day. The early afternoon lull is part of this cycle, which is why so many people feel drowsy at that time. Studies suggest that a short nap allows the brain to rest without slipping into deep sleep. But there’s a catch. ____37____ This is due to “sleep inertia” — the grogginess (昏沉) and disorientation that comes from waking up during deeper sleep stages. Once a nap extends beyond 30 minutes, the brain transitions into slow-wave sleep, making it much harder to wake up. For certain groups, napping is essential. ____38____ A well-timed nap before a night duty can boost their alertness and reduce the risk of errors and accidents. Similarly, people who regularly struggle to get enough sleep at night — whether due to work, parenting, or other demands — may benefit from naps to bank extra hours of sleep that compensate for their sleep loss. ____39____ Age, lifestyle, and underlying sleep patterns all influence whether naps help or hinder. A good nap is all about strategy — knowing when, how, and if one should nap at all. A. Despite the benefits, napping isn’t for everyone. B. Waking from deep sleep leaves you feeling tired for up to an hour. C. Napping too long may result in waking up feeling worse than before. D. Relying on naps instead of improving nighttime sleep is a short-term fix. E. That midday nap which felt so refreshing at the time might be the reason. F. Shift workers often struggle with broken sleep due to irregular schedules. G. The key lies in understanding how the body regulates sleep and wakefulness. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32 分） 第一节（共 4 小题；第 40 、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 While the world celebrates Beijing’s imperial grandeur, Hou Lei, a 43-year-old researcher, is busy documenting the city’s easily forgotten details: a neglected jockey club, the specific taste of fermented tofu, and stories of elderly residents who once assisted great historians. “If local writers don’t record these smallest and most hidden details, they will disappear,” Hou said. A strikingly overlooked part of Beijing’s history is horse racing, which few people know once thrived in the city center. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, it became an international sport by the 1920s and was a popular entertainment. Hou is renowned for uncovering overlooked details, focusing on ordinary Beijingers’ daily lives. In his Spring Festival-related books and lectures, he highlights little-seen traditions, including four essential dishes: mustard root, stir-fried pickled cucumber, tofu with fermented black beans, and roupidong. “These modest dishes mattered,” Hou said. “Even the poorest families ensured they were on the table.” With his family living in Beijing for over 150 years, he still resides in a hutong to conduct research, often walking alleyways to photograph celebrities’ former residences and collect stories. On one such walk, Hou met an elderly man who told him he had once assisted historian Gu Jiegang (1893 — 1980) and was still dedicated to preserving his research. “That encounter reinforced my belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure,” Hou said. As the author of Beijing Smoke-like Trees and The Record of Beijing’s Prosperity, Hou has also recently edited Anecdotes of the Yan Capital, a collection of research on Beijing. “Prose demands discipline and inner strength,” he said. “The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself.” Still, he believes Beijing’s cultural richness leaves plenty to explore. “People have been writing about Beijing since the Yuan Dynasty,” Hou said. “Different writers capture its people, its flavors and its stories. I will keep writing in the Beijing dialect, continuing to uncover the memories buried in the city.” 40. Why does Hou Lei record the details of Beijing life? ____________________________________________________ 41. What reinforced Hou Lei’s belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Writing becomes more challenging over time, because there is no much lef t to explore. ____________________________________________________ 43. Besides Hou Lei’s methods, what other ways would you use to preserve Beijing’s traditional culture? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________ 第二节（20 分） 44. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim得知你校上周举办了“网络安全”（Cyber Security）主题教育活动，来信就此询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $