专题1 专题强化训练7 说明文-【红对勾讲与练】2026年高考英语二轮复习练习手册

班级： 姓名： 专题强化训练7说明文 答案限时 见P32315分钟 (每小题2.5分，满分20分) 题组（一）优质模拟题 (2025·湖南湘潭模拟) However,cargo bikes have less capacity than If you've visited London recently,you might vans,and there's a time disadvantage for traveling to know that it has launched its first fleet of cargo bikes. and from traditional parcel depots,which sit on the These vehicles-looking like regular pedal bikes,but city's outskirts.To be competitive,cargo bikes require with a large box,platform,or basket for transporting shipments to be brought to a centrally located micro- goods built into the frame-are on a roll. hub,from which they can load up,deliver,and return Urban freight(货运)transport is often the most multiple times throughout the day.But these micro- expensive and the most polluting section of the logistics hubs are expensive in terms of overheads and staffing (chain,having traditionally been carried out by cost.Despite these unresolved issues,cargo bikes trucks running on fossil fuels,even when the goods present the potential to ease traffic jams,boost logistics carried are light and small.The problem is worsening capacity,and safeguard the benefit of both city as home deliveries soar.But cargo bikes may solve residents and mother nature. that problem. 1.What is a problem with urban freight transport in "Cargo bikes have a cascade of positive effects, London? () including the reduction of air and noise pollution and A.Air pollution. B.Lack of fossil fuels. the improvement of public space,"says Ersilia C.Traffic jams. D.High cost of labour. Verlinghieri,researcher at the University of 2.What do we know about cargo bikes? () Westminster in London."They're more efficient and a A.They are cost-free. lot cleaner than using vans."It's estimated that cargo B.They are faster and cleaner. bikes could replace around 51 percent of all motorized C.They have electric assistance. freight trips in European cities.And this number could D.They will take the place of motorized freight trips be higher if cargo bikes with electric assistance are 3.What does the author think of cargo bikes? used. 高考新思维一推断观点态度( And beyond that,the services provided by cargo A.They are beneficial in many ways. bike company were 1.61 times faster than those of an B.They deserve a high reputation. equivalent van service,because the bikes were able to C.They should speed up their progress. move at higher average speeds through dense D.They are becoming more international. )urban environments.Whereas they can bypass 4.What is the text mainly about? traffic jams,take shortcuts through streets closed to A.A healthy way to daily traveling. cars,use bus lanes and bicycle paths,and ride to B.A green lifestyle for the earth. customers'doors,vans are hindered by traffic jams and C.A new policy adopted by London. the search for parking. D.A novel delivery method in cities. 知识胶囊习■■■语料积累 单词积累·fleet n..车队vehicle n.车辆equivalent adj.相等的 safeguard v.保护 熟词生义·ride[熟义]y.骑马，乘坐[生义]（文义）v.行驶 词块积累·on a roll顺利发展take shortcuts抄近路load up装载货物 难句分析·[原句]第五段第二句。 [分析]这是一个主从复合句。主句为主谓宾宾补结构；不定式短语To be competitive是目的状语；from which引导非限 制性定语从句，修饰micro-hub。 [翻译]为了具有竞争力，货运自行车需要将货物运送至中心位置的微型枢纽，从那里它们可以全天多次装货、配送和 返回。 (横线下方不可作答) 205 专题一 阅读理解 题组（二）外刊时文原创题 When Stella Davidsen Olsen was 12,her father the tradition of dogsledding.She collects oral histories gave her and her twin sister a choice:take care of their and researches the practice."Our lifestyle is changing. sled(雪橇)dogs or put them down.They chose to Climate change is happening,"she says."Passing on care for the dogs,hunting and fishing to feed them and this wisdom to younger generations is crucial." training them to pull sleds across Greenland's snow and 1.Why does the author mention Morten Meldgaard in ice.Fourteen years later,Olsen is raising her own sled paragraph 2? dogs,which she considers family."The dog is a part 高考新思维一推断写作目的( of you,”she says. A.To compare his view with Olsen's. For generations,Greenlanders have relied on sled B.To give an example of a dog owner. dogs for transportation and hunting.It's a proud C.To show his support for modern transportation. tradition.But it's now under threat.Over the past 20 D.To explain the reason for the decline of sled years,the number of sled dogs has halved from 25,000 dogs. to 13,000.Morten Meldgaard,a professor at the 2.How is Olsen trying to keep the tradition alive? University of Greenland,explains that the traditional fishing and hunting culture is changing,and that A.By buying more sled dogs. people are now using snowmobiles and other modern B.By using fewer dogs to pull sleds. transportation.Additionally,a warming climate means C.By training her dogs in new ways. less sea ice and snow,limiting the use of sled dogs. D.By collecting histories and doing research. Olsen has had to adapt to keep this tradition 3.Which of the following would be the best title for alive.She needs at least 10 dogs to pull a sled in areas the text? with little snow,but fewer dogs are needed when there A.The Love Between Greenlanders and Sled Dogs is more snow.She is also considering buying a sled B.Preserving the Sled Dog Tradition in Greenland with wheels to train her dogs due to the decreasing C.Sled Dogs:Key to Greenland's Hunting Culture snow."It's really sad,but we just have to live with it. D.Sled Dogs:A Disappearing Tradition in Greenland I'm not going to quit my dogs because of the weather... 4.Where does this text probably come from? but as I can see,it's really difficult,"she says. 高考新思维一推断文章出处( Despite the challenges,Olsen remains committed to A.An animal novel. preserving this part of Greenland's tradition. B.A travel guidebook. Manumina Lund Jensen,a PhD student at the C.A culture magazine. University of Greenland,is also working to preserve D.A geography textbook. 知识胶囊习■■■语料积累 单词积累·halve v.(使)减半committed adj.尽心尽力的：坚定的 crucial a山.至关重要的：关键性的 熟词生义·practice[熟义]n.练习[生义]（文义）n.做法 构词积累·①派生类：additionally adv.此外②合成类：snowmobile n.雪地摩托 词块积累·put.down让…安乐死rely on依赖under threat受到威胁live with忍受，接受 难句分析·[原句]第二段第五句。 [分析]这是一个主从复合句。主句是主谓宾结构。a professor at the University of Greenland是Morten Meldgaard的同位 语。两个that引导两个并列的宾语从句，作explains的宾语。 [翻译]格陵兰大学教授Morten Meldgaard解释说，传统的捕鱼和狩猎文化正在发生变化，人们现在使用雪地摩托和其他 现代交通工具。 红对勾讲与练 206 高三英语二轮2.D词句猜测题。根据第三段中画线 减少，因此作者提到他是为了解释雪 词上文“I didn't realize that the word 橇犬数量减少的原因。故选D。 but'can sometimes make people feel 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段中“She like their feelings are being dismissed." is also considering buying a sled with 以及下文举的Carla的例子可知，“lin- wheels to train her dogs due to the de- guistic minefields'”指的是在交流中的 creasing snow.”可知，Olsen试图用有 措辞问题。故选D。 轮子的雪橇这种新方式来训练她的 3.D推理判断题。根据文章第五段中 狗，进而保留这个传统。故选C。 的“Dan entered and said,.·You did3.B主旨大意题。文章讲述了尽管格 well earlier.Dan took a pause instead 陵兰雪橇犬传统由于气候变化和现代 of a conjunction(连词)and then went 交通工具的使用等原因而面临威胁和 straight to a new sentence...We're not 挑战，但当地人仍在努力采取各种办 anticipating failure here.Can you see 法保护这一传统，B选项突出了这 the difference?”可知，Dan指出“fail- 主题。故选B。 ure”这个词带有负面含义，会对Carla4.C文章出处题。文章围绕格陵兰雪 产生不良影响，并且强调他们并不期 橇犬传统展开，属于文化范畴，最有可 待失败，而是希望用更积极的方式表 能出自文化杂志。故选C。 达。这表明Dan不同意作者的讲话方 专题强化训练8议论文 式。故选D。 4.D主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，文章 题组（一）优质模拟题 主要讲述了在医疗环境中，如何通过 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文 谨慎选择语言来传递积极的信息，以章主要论述了数字化时代下的略读和精 促进患者的康复。故选D。 读两种阅读策略的特点及其关系，并探 专题强化训练7说明文 讨了如何平衡两者的使用。 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的 题组（一）优质模拟题 "Some of them are...more deeply with 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 long texts..”可知，一些专家认为我们的 章介绍了伦敦推出的首批货运自行车， 阅读习惯改变是因为我们无法再专注 阐述了其对城市货运的积极作用，也指 于长篇文本。故选A项。 出了存在的问题。 2.C细节理解题。根据第五段的内容 1.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ur- 可知，Daniel Willingham认为，不应将 ban freight(货运)transport..light and 略读和精读对立起来，而是要认识到 small..”可知，城市货运传统上由使用 两者都很重要，由此可知，他并不认为 化石燃料的卡车运输，污染严重，所以 精读一定是更好的策略。故选C项。 伦敦城市货运会导致空气污染。故选3C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 A项。 的“Skimming-where.a common read- 2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Car- ing strategy.”以及尾段中的“Ifwe go bikes have a cascade...than using have read a lot of mystery novels...still vans.”和第四段中“the services..an get what's going on.”可知，作者认为 equivalent van service'”可知，货运自行 略读是一种常见的阅读策略，有时略 车更快且更清洁。故选B项。 读某些部分仍能理解故事的发展，由 3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中 此可推断，作者对略读持支持态度。 "Despite these unresolved issues...both 故选C项。 city residents and mother nature.”可知，4.B主旨大意题。全文围绕略读与精 作者认为货运自行车在很多方面是有 读展开讨论，强调不应将两者对立，而 益的。故选A项。 是应认识到它们各自的重要性，略读 4.D主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了一 与精读本身没有好坏之分，所以题目 种城市中新兴的配送方式—一货运自 “我们是否应该将略读与精读对立起 行车。故选D项。 来？”概括了文章的主题，适合作为最 题组（二）外刊时文原创题 佳标题。故选B项。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 题组（二）外刊时文原创题 章介绍了由于气候变化和现代交通工具 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文 的应用等原因，格陵兰岛的雪橇犬传统 章探讨了愤怒清洁现象，分析其背后的 正面临威胁，但当地人仍在努力保留这 心理原因，指出这种行为可能掩盖了更 一传统。 深层次的情感问题，如家庭关系不和谐、 l.D推理判断题。第二段中Morten性别角色期望以及完美主义带来的压 Meldgaard教授解释了传统渔猎文化力，并提出通过沟通、合理分工和接受杂 的改变、雪地摩托车等现代交通工具乱等方式来缓解这种情绪化的清洁 的应用以及气候变暖导致雪橇犬数量行为。 1.B推理判断题。文章第一段主要举 了一个关于愤怒清洁的例子，即当面 对成堆的脏衣服和脏盘子时，人们感 到快要爆发，绕着房子暴走，边收拾东 西边自言自语，这种行为就是愤怒清 洁。因此，该段落的目的是展示愤怒 清洁的例子。故选B。 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中 "Bumout coach Alex Stark defines rage cleaning as‘cleaning with anger,’a means to control one's chaotic mind and surroundings.”可知，Alex Stark将愤怒 清洁定义为“带着愤怒的清洁”，这是 一种控制混乱的头脑和空间的方式。 故选D。 3.B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中 的“Laura suggests switching from passive aggression to openness.Alex Stark pro- poses intentional conversations'for behavior change.”可知，文章建议通过 “有意的对话”来改变行为，从而避免 因愤怒而进行的清洁行为。故选B。 4.D主旨大意题。文章不仅解释了愤 怒清洁的原因，还提出了应对方法，因 此“Understanding and Managing Rage Cleaning”是最合适的标题。故选D。 专题强化训练9个人故事类 题组（一）优质模拟题 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文 章主要讲述了艺术家克里斯蒂·戈登的 艺术风格形成历程。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的 "Like many artists...those very rules had become a box.”可知，戈登之前的绘画 遵循学术期望和古典绘画的规则，由 此可推断她之前的绘画是传统的。故 选B项。 2.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Gor don made a brave decision...for the pub- lic display.”可知，她通过远离公众展 览，给自已保留了一个自由创作的空 间，从而开始找到自已的艺术风格。 故选D项。 3.A推理判断题。根据第三段中“That year of painting...my artistic break- throughs.”可知，戈登认为“错误”是在 不受限制的创作中所做的尝试，而这 些尝试带来了艺术突破和创新。故选 A项。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知， 戈登认为艺术是对内心自我的一种探 索，要倾听自已内心的声音。故选C项。 题组（二）外刊时文原创题 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文 章主要讲述了高空走钢丝艺术家菲利 普·帕特纪念世贸中心行走50周年，重 现经典表演，展现艺术与勇气的结合。 参考答案 323