专题1 (1)第2讲 推理判断题—据文推理细筛选-【红对勾讲与练】2026年高考英语二轮复习讲义

第二讲 推理判断题—据文推理细筛选 名师支招》高效备考 考点揭秘 设问方式 选项特征 要求在理解文章字面意思的基础上，通过对逻辑关The writer suggests 正确选项特征：立足原文，只推 系和细节暗示的分析，做出推理和判断，从而得出that 步；一般不出现绝对意义的词，如 文章的深层含义或隐含意义。题干中通常会出现：The story implies thatonly,never,a,absolutely等，而用 imply(暗示)，infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，indicate 留有余地的词，如often, (表明；暗示)，conclude(推断出)和assume(假设， What can you conclude sometimes,some, may,might 假定)等动词。近几年高考考查较多的是推断隐 from this passage? can,could,possibly,probably等。 含意义、写作意图、观点态度；偶有推断下段内容、 What can be inferred干扰项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有 文章出处、读者对象等。 from the text? 鱼目混珠、扩缩范围等。 考点1隐含推断题—揣摩推敲法 该推理判断题要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一 般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。只有正确把握文章的内在联系，理解文 章的真正含义，才可能做出准确的推断。注意题干中常用的五个动词：infer、indicate、imply、suggest (暗示)、conclude。 [典题呈现](2025·全国一卷阅读C节选) Life on city streets started to change decades ago.Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.Some communities fought back.Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park,Washington Square.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (to champion "New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through."Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. 关键句一 ②原文关键词=题干关键词 Although these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the majority of the western cities were 关键句二 completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been increasing 关键句三 rapidly.In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people among 关键句四 the highest rate of car ownership in the world. ③揣摩推敲出答案 找：根据题干关键词campaigns in Australia in the late1960 s and 1970s可定位原文第三、四段。 二理（解关键句的字面意义）：第三段最后一句指出，20世纪60和0年代澳大利亚也发生了抗议“城市 规划优先道路而牺牲社区“的活动。第四段描述了尽管这些抗议活动的范围广泛，但西方国家城市规划仍关注 汽车出行的需求，尤其是澳大利亚汽车人均自有量高。 三推（断或判断）：城市规划仍以道路为中心。 四比（较各选项）： 项“结果是它们基本上无效。”符合要求 专题一 阅读理解 015 30.What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960 s and 1970s?①题干关键词 设问方向：推断出二十世纪六七十年代澳大利亚的这些运动的特点 A.They boosted the sales of cars. B.They turned out largely ineffective. C.They won government support. D.They advocated building new parks. …。方法归纳，…。 一找 将题干中about之后的内容作为定位词，找到答案依据 摩推 二理 理解关键句的字面意思 三推 依据字面意思，结合已有常识，进行符合情理的推断 四比 比较各选项，确定答案 考点2评价人物/事物题一依据描述评价法 高考英语阅读理解题中，常出现对文本中的相关人物及事物进行评价，我们称之为评价题。解答 此类题时，需要结合文本对人物及事物的描述，从而对人物及事物的特征作出合理的评价。 [典题呈现](2024·新课标I卷阅读B节选) “I am not crazy,”says Dr..William Farber,.shortly after performing acupuncture(针灸）ona rabbit."I am ahead of my time."If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his 关键句 coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh.He's ②原文关键词=题干关键词 one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians()now practicing"holistic"medicine- combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic (and herbal medicine. ③依据捕述合理评价 一找：根据题干关键词coworkers可定位原文第一段。 二理（解关键句字面意义）：那可能是因为连他的一些同事偶尔都会嘲笑他那些不寻常的方法。 三评（价人物）：他有些与众不同。 四比（较各选项）：Farber的一些同事认为他很怪异(odd),故选 24.What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him? ①题干关键词 设问方向：评价人物 A.He's odd. B.He's strict. C.He's brave. D.He's rude. 方法归纳 找 以题干中的关键词为定位词，在原文中找到出处 理 理解关键句的字面意义 依据描述合理评价法 三评 依据字面意思，做出合理评价 四比 比较各选项，确定答案 考点3推断后续内容题一前后逻辑一致法 这类试题要求考生根据已给出的语篇内容，推断文章后续内容或作者可能会进一步探讨的内容。 做此类题日时，考生需要仔细分析文章中的语境，并利用前后文的逻辑关系，特别要注意文章最后一段 及最后几句话的内容，从而做出合理的预测。 016红幼勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 [典题呈现](2023·全国乙卷阅读C节选) According to a new study from market analysts,1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food.Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients()than they used to,and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills,and young people are also getting more interested in cooking.The UK's obsession (with food is reflected through television scheduling.Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before.With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer "uncool"for boys to like cooking. ②关键句 ③保持前后逻辑一致 判：由题干判断题目类型一推断后续内容。 二理（解关键句的字面意义）：随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上，男孩喜欢烹任不再是“不酷”的事了。 三推（断后续内容）：接下来作者可能会介绍一些电视节目中的男厨师。 四比（较各选项）： 项“电视节目上的男厨师”符合要求。 31.What might the author continue talking about? ①设问方向：推断后续内容 A.The art of cooking in other countries. B.Male chefs on TV programmes. C.Table manners in the UK. D.Studies of big eaters. …。方法归纳， 判 由题干判断题目类型 理 理解关键句的字面意义 前后逻辑一致法 三推 推断后续内容， 做到前后逻辑合理 四比 比较各选项，确定答案 考点4推断文章出处题一体裁、内容分析法 文章出处题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和内容来推断文章的出处或类别， 文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper 推销或介绍新产品→advertisement 文章中有click here等网络用语website 依体裁、 旅游胜地方面的介绍→travel guide 内容判出处 时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→nagazine/journal/entertainment section 科普知识→science report 文化教育类文章education section [典题呈现](2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读C节选) Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday objectthe book,represented here ②关键句一 in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears 专题一 阅读理解 017 throughout history,in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists' representations of books and reading,we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. In this "book of books,artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these ②关键句二 connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed ()alone in many settings and poses-absorbed in a volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago,but they record moments we can all relate to. ③依体裁、内容进行分析 一判：由题干判断题目类型一推断文章出处 二推（理判断）：根据关键句一可知，文章的主题是书：由关键句一以及关键句二等内容可知，本文介绍了 收录近三百件来自世界各地博物馆的收藏品的一本书一《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》。 三比（较各选项）：本文最有可能摘自书的序言。故选 28.Where is the text most probably taken from? ①设问方向：文本的出处 A.An introduction to a book B.An essay on the art of writing. C.A guidebook to a museum. D.A review of modern paintings. 。方法归纳 判 由题干判断题目类型 体裁、内容分析法 推 根据体裁、关键句推理判断 三比 比较各选项，确定答案 考点5推断作者身份/读者对象—依据“措辞”判断 判断作者身份或读者对象其实就是解决“谁写的”和“写给谁”的问题。考生可以通过文中出现的 人称、作品以及外在评价判断作者身份，从文章主题和文章措辞来判断读者对象。 [典题呈现](2021·全国乙卷阅读D节选) During an interview for one of my books,my interviewer said something I still think about often. 关键句 ②原文关键词=题干关键词 Annoyed by the level of distraction()in his open office,he said,"That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street-so I can focus.His comment struck me as strange.After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout ()But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works. ③以人称、作品进行分析 通过上文画线的关键句中提供的信息可以推测出作者的身份，即：是一位出版作家。故选 35.What can we infer about the author from the text? ①题干关键词 设问方向：推断作者信息 A.He's a news reporter. B.He's an office manager. C.He's a professional designer. D.He's a published writer. 018红幼勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 …方法归纳 作者身份 通过文中出现的人称、作品以及外在评价判断作者身份 依“措辞”判断作者身份或读者对象 首先确定文章主题 读者对象 再次判断文章内容和语言适合什么群体 最后根据文章特点对号入座 考点6识别语篇类型题一关键措词分析法 这类试题在全国卷中出现的次数不多。可根据首段或首句、文体特征和某些关键词、句来识别语 篇所属类型。 [典题呈现](2022·全国乙卷阅读B) In 1916,two girls of wealthy families,best friends from Auburn,N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood-traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.The girls had gone to Smith College.They wore expensive clothes.So for them to move to Elkhead,Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden,who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter. ②关键句一 Why did they go then?Well,they wanted to do something useful.Soon,however,they realized what they had undertaken. They moved in with a local family,the Harrisons,and,like them,had little privacy,rare baths,and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.Some mornings,Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.In spring,the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickenden's book,she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism,which of course influenced the girls'decision to go to Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads,which entailed (drilling through the Rockies,often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn. ②关键句二 Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism (of the people ②关键句三 move her to some beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff,on her horse,looking down from a hill top:"When the sun slipped behind the mountains,it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked only by small animals:foxes,coyotes,mice,and varying hares, which turned white in the winter." ③依关键措词进行分析 一判：由题干判断题目类型—识别语篇类型。 二推（理判断）：由关键句一、二和三可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍作品，并对其进行了评价 三比（较各选项）：本文是一篇书评。故选 27.What is the text? ①设问方向：识别语篇类型 A.A news report. B.A book review. C.A children's story. D.A diary entry. 专题一 阅读理解 019 方法归纳 一判 由题干判断题目类型 关键措词分析法 二推 根据首段或首句、文体特征和某些关键词、句推理判断 三比 比较各选项，确定答案 考点7写作手法类型题一行文标志词法 先根据题干判断是具体某段还是全文的写作手法，然后寻找“行文标志词”，进而找到答案。不同 的文体有不同的写作手法，具体如下： 不同文体 记叙文多采取以时间、空间、故事情节发展为序等叙事方式进行写作 常见的写 说明文往往采取下定义、举例子、列数字、对比等方式使说明更清晰或更具说服力 作手法 议论文大多通过举例子、列数字、引名言、作对比等方式使观点更可信、更有权威性 [典题呈现](2025·全国一卷阅读D节选) Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth-they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen ②关键句 in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans. ③行文标志词法判断写作手法 第一步：找出行文标志词，即“一”： 第二步：该段通过列举微塑料出现在深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟胃、南极雪中，甚至人体中的例子，说 明其污染的普遍性和严重性。 第三步：推出正确选项为 32.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? ①题干关键词 设问方向：作者在第一段呈现问题的方式 A.By quoting an expert. B.By defining a concept. C.By giving examples. D.By providing statistics. …方法归纳 写作手法 行文标志词 by giving examples(举例) for example、for instance、such as、破折号 by analyzing causes(分析原因) as a result consequence by giving definitions(下定义) that is (to say) by describing a process(描述过程) first、second、third、finally by listing data/statistics(列数据) 具体数字 by following time order(时间顺序) in1920、in the1940s、nowadays by making comparisons/contrast(对比、比较) but、while、in comparison、compared with、in contrast by making classifications(分类) first、next、then by analyzing cause and effect(分析因果) That is because... by following space order(空间顺序) 由近及远，由外到内 020 红树勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 考点8推断文中人物或组织的观点态度—措词、情感判定法 此方法适用于推断作者及文中人物的观点、态度、情感等。解答此类题目时应多注意行文中的措 词，特别是具有感情色彩的形容词或副词。 [典题呈现](2022·新高考I卷阅读D节选)》 Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of "f"and "v"increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago."The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained ②原文关键词=题干关键词 stable since the appearance of human beings but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today 关键句 is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,"said Steven Moran,a member of the research team. ③依文章措词、情感进行判定 分析关键信息： 关键信息l:否定副词词组not necessarily修饰remained,形容词stable作remained的表语，说明我们使用 的语音并不一定保持稳定，换言之，语音系统是动态的。 关键信息2：形容词complex修饰interplay,说明语音系统是复杂的相互作用下的产物。 归纳人物态度：综上可知，Steven Moran认为人类语音是一个复杂的动态系统，故选 35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? ①题干关键词 设问方向：询间Steven Moran对人类语音的看法 A.It is key to effective communication B.It contributes much to cultural diversity. C.It is a complex and dynamic system. D.It drives the evolution of human beings. 方法归纳 描述性词汇：形容词、副词、现在分词、动名词、行为动词 找关键信息 直接陈述人物观点 评价性句子：原文中暗示观点的句子 措词、情感 直接引语某人的原话) 判定法 分析关键信息 分析关键信息的表层及深层意思，对标所代表的人物观点态度/性格 归纳观点态度或人物性格将人物观点态度性格进行归类并提炼 考点9推断写作意图—体裁、主旨判定法 做推断写作意图题时，考生应对整篇文章有完整、准确的理解，从总体上把握文章的主题，善于抓 住文中的关键词或关键句。对文章的引申含义进行分析，整合与题目相关的信息，综合起来去把握写 作意图，确定最佳答案。 [典题呈现](2023·新课标I卷阅读B节选) He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it!Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was pure water. 专题一 阅读理解 021 Over the years John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated 关键句 sewage (from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou,a city in southeast China. ②原文关键词=题干关键词 ③依体裁、主旨进行判定 一判：由题干判断题目类型一推断写作意图。 二推（理判断）：由关键句可知，多年来，Jon做了很多重大的工作。由此可推知，下文提到净化福州的运 河水是为了举例说明Jon的发明及其理念在实践中的应用 三比（较各选项）： 项“为了展示John想法的一个应用”符合要求 26.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? ①题干关键词 设问方向：作者提到Fuzhou的意图 A.To review John's research plans. B.To show an application of John's idea. C.To compare John's different jobs D.To erase doubts about John's invention. 。方法归纳 判 由题干判断题目类型 体裁、主旨判定法 二推 从总体上把握文章的主题，抓住关键词或关键句进行推理判断 E比 比较各选项，确定答案 学以致用》能力生成 (限时：15分钟) evidence that shows that when we directly interact (2025·河南开封三模) with nature,biochemical pathways are activated in If current global trends are correct,in 2026, our bodies that result in significant beneficial health about 41 million people around the world will die impacts from noncommunicable(非传染的)diseases The good news is that we can obtain similar NCDs)-which include cancer,heart disease, health benefits in urban green spaces and with severe mental illness and so on-representing indoor plants.Clinical experiments show that around 74 percent of all deaths globally. something as simple as having a vase of unscented Fortunately,a number of recent studies in (无香味的)roses on your desk,for instance,can cities across the globe suggest that people who live significantly lower your blood pressure and bring in greener areas not only present a lower rate of NCDs but also have significantly better physical and about physiological and psychological calming.So mental health. too can having leafy plants in your home and What is it about green spaces that provide office. resistance to NCDs?Greater opportunities to According to the clinical experiments,when exercise,cleaner air,and less heat stress are all we breathe in a scent,we don't just breathe it out reasons. Importantly,there is also scientific again:Instead,some of the molecules (that 022 红树勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 create the smell,called volatile organic compounds 2.How can one avoid NCDs from the passage? (挥发性有机化合物)，pass across the lung and A.By working out indoors. into our blood.People who walk in scented forests B.By purifying surrounding air. for two hours,for example,have been shown to C.By handling stress smartly. have significantly high levels of the scent compound D.By taking walks in parks. in their blood.Once in our blood,these 3.What happens when we breathe in a scent? compounds interact with our biochemical pathways A.Its molecules make little difference to our in similar ways to drugs,bringing about positive body health outcomes. B.Its molecules work with biochemical pathways. This new body of clinical evidence means C.Its molecules only travel from one organ to that,in 2026,doctors will increasingly prescribe another. (开处方）nature instead of prescribing drugs. D.Its molecules can turn into some kind of Urban planners,on the other hand,will no longer medicine. consider green spaces as replaceable.Instead, 4.Which of the following may the author agree nature will be seen as part of the critical system of a with? 高考新思维—一观点态度题 healthy city. A.Doctors should prioritize green plants as 1.Why does the author list figures in paragraph 1? treatment. A.To present NCDs are far from urgent. B.Doctors should value the application of clinical B.To show NCDs are growing into a killer. experiments. C.To illustrate NCDs have claimed many lives. C.City planners should construct more urban D.To demonstrate NCDs include a wide range of parks and gardens. diseases. D.City planners should co-work with doctors. 知识胶囊 ■■■语料积累 单词积累·resistance n.抵抗clinical adj.临床的scent n.气味replaceable adj.可替代的critical ad山.关键的 熟词生义·lower[熟义]形容词比较级，意为“更低的”[生义]（文义）v.降低 词块积累·interact with与…互动bring about产生；带来 难句分析·[原句]第四段第二句。 [分析]这是一个主从复合句。主句结构为主谓宾：连接词that引导宾语从句：第二个as引导比较对象。 [翻译]临床实验表明，例如在桌上放一瓶无香味的玫瑰这样简单的事情，可以显著降低血压并带来生理和心理上的 平静。 B 2024,many expected a slight cooling,especially as (外刊时文原创题)》 Earth entered the cooler La Nina phase.But the January 2025 was officially the hottest January expected cooling hasn't shown up.Instead,January ever recorded globally,according to the National broke yet more records:NOAA reported the month Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration was the hottest January in its 176-year-long record. (NOAA).Both 2023 and 2024 had already broken Copernicus,the European climate monitoring temperature records,staying near or above 1.5 service,reported that January was 1.75C above warmer than the late 1800s levels. historic levels. This heat surge was partly linked to the El Climate scientist Zeke Hausfather, from Nino phenomenon,a natural climate cycle that Berkeley Earth,noted that the dramatic jump in warms the planet.With El Nifo fading by late temperature that started in mid-2023 has surprised 专题一 阅读理解 023 many climate scientists and caused them to wonder 5.What was expected with the arrival of La Nina? if climate change may have begun to push Earth's A.More extreme weather oceans and atmosphere into new,potentially B.New climate behaviors. unforeseen behaviors. C.A warming climate cycle. The main driver of these record-breaking D.A slight drop in temperature. temperatures is the accumulation of greenhouse 6.What was the main cause of the record-breaking gases,mainly from fossil fuel burning and temperatures? deforestation,which have caused the planet's A.Reduced air pollution. atmosphere and oceans to heat up.Other factors are B.Increased solar energy. also contributing to the heat,such as a stronger- C.The El Nino phenomenon D.The build-up of greenhouse gases. than-expected solar cycle and reduced air pollution. 7.What effect does reduced air pollution have on With lower pollution levels,fewer clouds are the Earth's temperature? forming over the ocean,allowing more solar energy A.It increases solar energy absorption. to be absorbed by the Earth. B.It decreases the greenhouse gas effect. "I think we may have underestimated just how C.It cools down the atmosphere significantly. hot the surface of the ocean can get at these current D.It leads to more cloud formation across the levels of greenhouse gases,"Hausfather says. ocean. Underestimating the potential warming could mean 8.Why does the author mention the Paris underestimating the risks associated with it,such as Agreement? 高考新思维一推断写作目的 more extreme heat waves or hurricanes. A.To suggest more solar energy use. Most countries agreed in the 2015 Paris B.To compare different climate policies. Agreement to try to limit global warming to under C.To highlight the challenges in limiting global 2℃，and ideally keep warming below 1.5℃.That warming. goal slips further from possibility with every passing D.To praise international efforts in monitoring year of continuing fossil fuel emissions. global warming. 知识胶囊 ■语料积累 单词积累·surge n.爆发，激增dramatic adj.显著的emission n.排放 熟词生义·driver[熟义]n.司机[生义]（文义）n.驱动因素 构词积累·①派生词：unforeseen adj.无法预料的；意外的accumulation n.积累underestimatev.低估 ②转化类：monitor.班长→w.监控；监测 难句分析·[原句]第三段。 [分析]这是一个复合句。Climate scientist Zeke Hausfather,from Berkeley Earth,noted后面跟的是that引导的宾语从 句。在这个宾语从句中，that started in mid-2023是定语从句，修饰先行词the dramatic jump in temperature,if引导的是 宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。 [翻译]来自伯克利地球组织的气候科学家Zeke Hausfather指出，自2023年中期开始的气温骤升令许多气候科学家 感到惊讶，并使他们开始思考气候变化是否已开始将地球的海洋和大气推向新的、可能是前所未见的行为模式。 学至此》请完成专题强化训练2 024 红树勾讲与练·高三二轮英语专题一阅读理解 第一部分 宏观层面厚植素养 第一讲树立4种意识， 提升解题思维 [自主解答] 35.B28.C 26.A29.D 25.A 第二讲精用“同义替换”， 快攻正确选项 [典题呈现]29.livable a decent place to live A [典题呈现2]31.not totally out of date outdated/ancient A [典题呈现3]27.ridership rider D 第三讲巧妙“化繁为简”， 速拆长难句式 第一招 让步状语 表语 第二招 时间状语 第三招 表语 定语 后置定语 第四招 宾语 定语 第二部分 微观层面蓄势赋能 (一)讲透题型有准度 第一讲细节理解题 定位信息巧比对 考点1 [典题呈现]33.A 考点2 [典题呈现]23.B 考点3 [典题呈现]21.C 考点4 [典题呈现]21.D 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文 章主要讲述了作者的妈妈学习使用iPad 的经历。 l.D细节理解题。根据第一段“Though she'd never used a computer...unable to open a can of soup.”可知，作者的妈妈 对Pad表现出浓厚的兴趣是因为她不 想被时代落下。故选D。 2.A细节理解题。根据第二段“Isug gested the version might be too old.”可 知，作者的妈妈不能登录Netflix的原 因是应用程序需要更新。故选A。 讲义手册 3.B细节理解题。根据第三段“Howev er,she is still unable...thus ending up on strange pages..”可知，作者的妈妈在上 网时遇到的问题是她可能会被引导到 奇怪的页面。故选B。 4.B推理判断题。根据第一段“For her 85th birthday,I gave my mother an Pad.”以及文章主要讲述了作者的妈 妈学习使用Pad的经历可知，作者写 这篇文章的目的是分享她妈妈学习技 术的经历。故选B。 B 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。 阿肯色州推行“无手机校园”计划，旨在 改善学生心理健康，减少屏幕依赖，初步 成效显著。 5.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段中 "This policy is part of Arkansas Gover- nor Huckabee Sanders'pilot program, aiming to create phone-free'schools to improve students'mental health and re- duce screen addiction.”以及第二段中 "Governor Huckabee Sanders believes schools must act to help students focus on academics rather than being distracted by texts and social media.”可知，阿肯 色州州长Huckabee Sanders的试点项 目的主要目的是创建“无手机”学校， 以改善学生的心理健康状况，减少屏 幕成瘾问题，并帮助学生专注于学业。 故选B。 6.D推理判断题。由文章第二段中 “‘Idon't think it''s ever been harder to be a kid than it is right now,she said. citing the pressures and influences chil- dren face..”以及结合上文提到手机和 社交媒体会分散学生注意力可知， Huckabee Sanders州长认为现在做孩 子难是因为社交媒体给他们带来了压 力和影响。故选D。 7.A细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二 段“Early results are promising:some schools reported a 50%drop in major disciplinary incidents,often linked to so- cial media or texting.”可知，一些学校 报告称与社交媒体或发短信相关的重 大纪律事件下降了50%，这是支持“无 手机”政策有效性的证据。选项A“严 重纪律事件显著减少”与原文“drop in major disciplinary incidents"完全对应， 其他选项无原文依据。故选A。 8.D推理判断题。从文章第四段 "Huckabee Sanders has distributed Haidt's book to lawmakers and gover- nors nationwide and is traveling across Arkansas to promote phone-free schools." 以及最后一段的内容可以看出，Huck abee Sanders州长相信该政策对学校、 孩子和学习过程都有好处，并且她向 全国的立法者和州长分发了Haidt的 书，还在阿肯色州各地推广“无手机” 学校。选项D“满意并致力于更广泛 的应用”符合她的态度。故选D。 第二讲推理判断题 据文推理细筛选 考点1 [典题呈现]30.B 考点2 [典题呈现]24.A 考点3 [典题呈现]31.B 考点4 [典题呈现]28.A 考点5 [典题呈现]35.D 考点6 [典题呈现]27.B 考点7 [典题呈现]32.C 考点8 [典题呈现]35.C 考点9 [典题呈现]26.B 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 章主要讲述了绿色空间对预防非传染性 疾病的益处及未来趋势。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifcr rent global trends are correct...represen- ting around 74 percent of all deaths glob- ally.”可知，作者在第一段列数字是为 了表明非传染性疾病正在成为一个杀 手。故选B。 2.D推理判断题。根据第二段“Fortu nately,a number of recent studies...and mental health.”以及第三段中“What is it about green spaces...all reasons..”可 知，通过在公园散步可以避免非传染 性疾病。故选D。 3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 “Once in our blood.…positive health out- comes..”可知，当我们吸入一种气味 时，它的分子会与生化途径相互作用。 故选B。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中 "Urban planners...the critical system of a healthy city..”可知，作者会同意城市 规划者应该建造更多的城市公园和花 园。故选C。 参考答案 305 B 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。 2025年1月创下全球历史最高温，科学 家担忧气候变化加剧，《巴黎协定》的目 标逐渐远离现实。 5.D 推理判新题。根据文章第二段中 "With El Nino fading by late 2024, many expected a slight cooling,espe- cially as Earth entered the cooler La Nina phase.”可知，文章明确指出随着 2024年底厄尔尼诺现象的消退，特别 是当地球进入较冷的拉尼娜阶段时， 许多人预期会有轻微降温。故选D。 6.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段中 "The main driver of these record-break- ing temperatures is the accumulation of greenhouse gases,mainly from fossil fuel buming and deforestation”可知，破 纪录温度的主要驱动因素是温室气体 的积累，主要来自化石燃料燃烧和森 林砍伐。选项A“减少的空气污染”、 选项B“增加的太阳能”和选项C“厄 尔尼诺现象”都不是主要原因。故 选D, 7.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段中 "With lower pollution levels,fewer clouds are forming over the ocean,allo- wing more solar energy to be absorbed by the Earth.”可知，文章直接关联“污 染减少”与“云层减少”，污染水平降低 时，海洋上空形成的云层减少，使得地 球能够吸收更多的太阳能。故选A。 8.C推理判断题。文章未段提到《巴黎 协定》中大多数国家同意将全球变暖 限制在2℃以内，理想情况是控制在 1.5℃以内，但随着化石燃料排放的持 续，这个目标越来越难以实现，所以作 者提及《巴黎协定》是为了强调在限制 全球变暖方面面临的挑战。故选C。 第三讲词句猜测题 上下文中寻答案 考点1 [典题呈现]26.B 考点2 [典题呈现]28.D 考点3 [典题呈现]24.C 考点4 [典题呈现]26.C 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 章介绍了科学家通过研究发现大锡特金 火山持续喷发的原因，这有助于科学家 预测火山喷发可能对附近地区和航空旅 行造成的风险。 l.A细节理解题。根据第一段“Scien tists have recently c discovered...risks 3062对勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 more accurately.”可知，最近的发现的 意义在于有助于评估火山喷发的风 险。故选A。 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段“They combined earthquake data...ocean waves and storms.”可知，科学家们是通过将 地震数据与周围的声音结合起来创建 火山模型的。故选D。 3.B细节理解题。根据第四段“Scien- tists are not..and other technologies." 知，监测大锡特金火山喷发的方法之 一是从地震传感器收集数据。故选B。 4.C词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The study..impact flights over the island." 可推知，画线部分所在句意为：随着科 学家们继续探索火山喷发的原因，他 们的发现不仅有助于我们了解火山喷 发的原因，还能提高我们应对自然灾 害的能力。由此可知，画线部分what makes this volcano tick意为“火山喷发 的原因”。故选C。 B 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 章介绍了科学家在系外行星K2-18b大 气中发现可能由生命产生的气体DMS/ DMDS,为地外生命存在提供新证据，但 需进一步研究验证 5.D主旨大意题。文章围绕K2-18b这 颗系外行星展开，重点讨论科学家在 其大气中检测到二甲基硫醚(DMS)和 二甲基二硫醚(DMDS),这些气体在 地球上主要由生物（如浮游植物）产 生，说明这些气体可能是生命存在的 潜在证据（生物标志物），并讨论其科 学意义及争议。因此，文章的核心是 “可能的外星生命证据”。故选D。 6.A推理判断题。文章第二段明确指 出，DMS在地球上主要由生物（如海洋 微生物)产生，因此它被视为潜在的生 物标志物，即可能暗示生命存在。并 且第四段提到，K2-18b大气中DMS/ DMDS浓度远超地球，符合“Hycean行 星”(“水洋”行星)的理论预测，进一步 支持其可能适合生命。故选A。 7.C词句猜测题。原文提到，2023年的 DMS信号“未被corroborated”,接着说 明当时DMS信号弱且仅由两种仪器 检测到，但新研究使用第三种仪器 (MRI)独立验证了DMS/DMDS信 号，说明“corroborated”指“用证据确 认”。故选C。 8.C推理判断题。文章最后两段提到， 科学家们并没有立即断言发现了外星 生命，而是表示这些发现还需要进一 步的研究和验证。虽然使用了第三种 工具MRI,提供了更强的信号，但这些 发现还没有足够的证据支持最终结 论。因此，接下来的步骤很可能是继 续收集数据、进一步研究，并围绕这些 数据展开讨论和辩论。故选C。 第四讲主旨大意题 提取主千细归纳 考点1 [典题呈现]34.C 考点2 [典题呈现]31.B 考点3 [典题呈现]31.A 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 章主要讲述了农业中的人工智能应用。 1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中“One industry heavily involved...while reduc- ing environment-harming chemicals." 可知，人工智能帮助农民节省时间和 金钱，有助于低成本农业。故选C。 2.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“It created a robot...identify all plants on a fam.”以及第四段中“The system. and chemically kill only weeds.”可知， 两家公司的产品都使用了识别技术。 故选A。 3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “Ben Chostner..‘The first time..and now it's an expert in pigweed.,”可知， Ben Chostner的话表明这个机器人有 学习能力。故选B。 4.C主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根 据第一段中“One industry heavily in- volved in researching and developing ar- tificial intelligence,or AI,is agricul- tue.”可知，本文主要讲述了农业中的 人工智能应用。故选C。 B 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章介绍了坦桑尼亚通过世界粮食计划 署支持的学校餐饮计划和“钥匙孔”种植 法，提高了农民的收入，改善了营养不良 问题，提高了学生的学业成绩。 5.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段中 "It's an efficient way to grow crops be- cause it uses little water and better resists pests.”可知，“钥匙孔”种植法因耗水 量少且抗虫害性强而高效。未提及干 扰项中种子或土壤需求减少，选项B、 C不符：选项D“向日葵增产”与文中 蔬菜种植的语境不符。故选A。 6.C细节理解题。根据文章第四段中 “malnutrition(营养不良)remains a major issue in Tanzania,with 35%of children under five experiencing stun- ing..Chronic(慢性的)malnutrition af fects40%of children”可知，营养不良 是主要问题，35%的五岁以下儿童发育 迟缓，40%儿童长期营养不良，印证了 儿童营养不良的普遍性。故选C。