2026年人教版英语暑假衔接第3讲 复习八年级下册 Units 6-8——文化与公益（讲义）

新九年级英语暑假衔接讲义 (人教2024版) 第3讲 复习八下 Units 6-8——文化与公益 适用年级:新九年级(八升九) 教材版本:人教2024版 内容说明:复习八下Unit 6-8词汇、状语从句、现在完成时及被动语态的用法 一、重点词汇梳理 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 英文 中文 culture 文化 custom 习俗 tradition 传统 manners 礼仪 greeting 问候 introduce 介绍 polite 有礼貌的 rude 粗鲁的 英文 中文 respect 尊重 value 价值;重视 belief 信仰 celebrate 庆祝 guest 客人 foreign 外国的 exchange 交流;交换 difference 差异 【易错点拨】polite(有礼貌的)vs impolite(不礼貌的)vs rude(粗鲁的,语气最强)。 【易错点拨】custom(风俗,指社会的习惯)vs habit(习惯,指个人的习惯):It is a custom to bow in Japan. 【易错点拨】be different from(与……不同),注意different是形容词,difference是名词。 Unit 7 A Good Read 英文 中文 adventure 冒险 fantasy 奇幻 mystery 神秘 fiction 小说 novel 长篇小说 writer 作家 author 作者 character 人物 英文 中文 plot 情节 chapter 章节 recommend 推荐 inspire 鼓舞 summary 总结 review 评论 hidden 隐藏的 gentle 温柔的 【易错点拨】recommend doing sth / recommend sb to do sth / recommend sth to sb。 【易错点拨】fiction(虚构类小说)vs non-fiction(非虚构类作品);novel指长篇小说。 【易错点拨】in one's opinion(在某人看来)= in one's view,常用于表达个人观点。 Unit 8 Making a Difference 英文 中文 volunteer 志愿者 charity 慈善 donation 捐赠 donate 捐赠 provide 提供 shelter 庇护所 elderly 年长的 community 社区 英文 中文 support 支持 success 成功 willing 愿意的 practical 实际的 talent 才能 advertisement 广告 teamwork 团队合作 pocket money 零花钱 【易错点拨】volunteer作名词"志愿者",作动词"自愿做"(volunteer to do sth)。 【易错点拨】provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth "为某人提供某物"。 【易错点拨】make a difference"有影响;起作用",是固定搭配,difference前可用形容词修饰(make a big difference)。 二、重点短语归纳 短语 含义 说明 be different from 与……不同 反义 the same as on time 准时 in time及时 for example 例如 = such as hear of 听说 = hear about get lost 迷路 = lose one's way base on 以……为基础 be based on force sb to do 强迫某人做某事 force sb into doing in one's opinion 据某人看来 = in one's view pass away 去世 die的委婉说法 day by day 一天天 = gradually in memory of 为了纪念 缅怀某人/某事 make a difference 有影响;起作用 make a big difference care for 照顾;关心 = take care of help out 帮助……解决困难 help out with sth sign up 报名 = register ever since 自从 常与现在完成时连用 hand out 分发 = give out be willing to 愿意做 be willing to help others 三、语法精讲 1. so that/unless/as soon as引导的状语从句(Unit 6) 连词 含义 用法 例句 so that 以便;为了 引导目的状语从句 I got up early so that I could catch the bus. unless 除非;如果不 引导条件状语从句,= if...not You will fail unless you work hard. as soon as 一……就…… 引导时间状语从句 Call me as soon as you arrive. 注意事项 主将从现 主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时 I will tell him as soon as he comes back. 【注意】主将从现:当主句为一般将来时,so that/unless/as soon as引导的从句用一般现在时表示将来。 • I will help you as soon as I finish my work.(正) • I will help you as soon as I will finish my work.(误——从句不能用将来时) 2. 现在完成时——延续性动词与非延续性动词(Unit 7) 现在完成时中,非延续性动词(短暂性动词)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 当需要与时间段连用时,非延续性动词必须转化为相应的延续性动词或状态表达。 非延续性动词 延续性表达 例句 buy have I have had this book for two years. borrow keep He has kept the book for a week. join be in / be a member of She has been in the club since 2023. leave be away from They have been away for three days. die be dead The old man has been dead for ten years. 常见时间状语:for + 时间段,since + 时间点/从句。 • for two hours, since 2020, since I was born 【注意】现在完成时中,非延续性动词可用于否定句并接时间段:I haven't bought anything for a month. 3. 被动语态(Unit 8) 时态 被动结构 例句 说明 一般现在时 am/is/are + done English is spoken in many countries. 主语是动作承受者 一般过去时 was/were + done The bridge was built in 2020. 过去发生的被动动作 现在完成时 have/has been + done The work has been finished. 已经完成的被动动作 含情态动词 情态动词 + be + done The book can be read online. 含有情态动词的被动 被动语态的用法: 1. 不知道动作的执行者时:My bike was stolen last night. 2. 强调动作的承受者时:The sick are taken good care of. 3. 动作的执行者是"人们/大家"等泛指概念时:It is believed that... 【注意】被动语态中by+执行者放在句末:The book was written by Mo Yan. 四、典型例题 1. You will not pass the exam _ you study hard. A. if B. unless C. because D. so 【答案】B 【解析】unless意为"除非;如果不",引导条件状语从句。B正确。 2. He _ in this city since 2010. A. live B. lived C. has lived D. have lived 【答案】C 【解析】since 2010是现在完成时的标志,主语he是第三人称单数。C正确。 3. This book _ by Mo Yan. It is very popular. A. writes B. wrote C. is written D. was written 【答案】D 【解析】书是被写的,用被动语态;Mo Yan已经完成写作,用一般过去时被动。D正确。 4. She _ to the UK twice. She knows London well. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes 【答案】B 【解析】has been to表示"去过某地(已回来)",has gone to表示"去了某地(未回来)"。B正确。 5. I will call you _ I arrive at the airport. A. although B. so that C. as soon as D. unless 【答案】C 【解析】as soon as意为"一……就……",引导时间状语从句。C正确。 五、基础练习 (一)根据中文提示写出单词。 1. In some countries, it is p_ (有礼貌的) to bow when you meet someone. 2. I want to r_ (推荐) this book to all my friends. 3. She works as a v_ (志愿者) at the local hospital. 4. It is important to r_ (尊重) different cultures and customs. 5. The organization p_ (提供) food and shelter for the homeless. (二)用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. I _ (have) this bike for three years. 2. The book _ (write) in 2015. It is still popular now. 3. Call me as soon as you _ (get) home. 4. The classroom _ (clean) every day by the students. 5. He _ (be) a volunteer since he joined the club. (三)单项选择。 1. You will miss the early bus _ you get up right now. A. if B. unless C. because D. so 2. — _ you ever _ to the new library? — Not yet. A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go 3. The bridge _ last year. It connects the two villages. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built 4. You should speak slowly _ everyone can understand you. A. so that B. as soon as C. although D. unless 5. Many old people _ by the volunteers every weekend. A. care for B. are cared for C. were cared for D. are caring for (四)句型转换。 1. He has lived in this city for ten years.(对划线部分提问) _ _ has he lived in this city? 2. People in Japan bow when they meet.(对划线部分提问 划线bow) _ _ people in Japan _ when they meet? 3. The bridge was built in 2020.(改为主动语态) _ _ the bridge in 2020. 4. She has already finished her homework.(改为否定句) She _ finished her homework _. 5. He will tell you as soon as he comes back.(对划线部分提问 划线as soon as he comes back) _ _ he tell you? 六、提高练习 (一)补全对话。 根据对话内容,从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话,其中有一项是多余的。 A: Hi, Zhang Wei! What are you reading these days? B: I'm reading a novel called The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway. A: (1) _ B: It's about an old fisherman who fights with a big fish at sea. It's very inspiring. A: Sounds great! (2) _ B: I usually read for an hour before going to bed. It helps me relax. A: That's a good habit. By the way, are you going to join the volunteer program this weekend? B: (3) _ I signed up last week. We're going to clean up the park. A: That's wonderful! (4) _ B: Yes, I really think volunteer work can make a difference in our community. A: I agree. (5) _ B: Sure! You can sign up online. Let's do it together! A. Yes, I am. B. What's it about? C. How do you like the book? D. How often do you read? E. I think volunteer work is very meaningful. F. Can I join too? (二)阅读理解。 阅读下文,根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 Last summer, I volunteered to teach English at a primary school in a small village. It was one of the most meaningful experiences in my life. At first, I was nervous. The school was very different from my city school. The classrooms were old, and there were not many books. But the children were so eager to learn. Every morning, they greeted me with big smiles and said "Good morning, teacher!" in English. I taught them English songs and games. They learned quickly and had a lot of fun. I also learned about their culture and customs. They showed me how to make local food and taught me some traditional dances. We shared stories and laughed together. This experience changed me. I realized that even small actions can make a big difference. I plan to volunteer again next year. I believe that by helping others, we can make the world a better place. ( )1. Where did the writer volunteer to teach? A. In a city school. B. In a small village. C. In a big library. D. In a local hospital. ( )2. How did the writer feel at first? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Bored. D. Angry. ( )3. What did the writer teach the children? A. English songs and games. B. Math and science. C. Traditional dances. D. Local food cooking. ( )4. The phrase "make a difference" in the last paragraph probably means _. A. 有影响 B. 赚钱 C. 交朋友 D. 旅行 ( )5. What is the best title for this passage? A. How to Learn English B. My Volunteer Experience C. Life in the City D. Traditional Food (三)写作。 Making a Difference Through Volunteering 要求:以Making a Difference Through Volunteering为题写一篇短文,谈谈你对参与公益活动的看法或经历。至少6句话,用上本节课所学词汇和句型。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 参考答案 五、基础练习 (一). 1. polite 2. recommend 3. volunteer 4. respect 5. provides (二). 1. have had(延续性动词表示拥有) 2. was written(被动语态) 3. get(主将从现) 4. is cleaned(一般现在时被动) 5. has been(since + 现在完成时) (三). 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B (四). 1. How long 2. What do; do 3. People built 4. hasn't; yet 5. When will 六、提高练习 (一). 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. F(C为多余项) (二). 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B (三). 略。参考范文: I believe volunteering can make a big difference in our community. Last year, I volunteered at an elderly home. I talked with the old people and read books to them. They were very happy and shared many stories with me. I also helped clean up the park with my classmates. We collected the rubbish and planted some flowers. Although it was tiring, I felt proud of what we did. I have learned that even small actions can make a difference. I am willing to volunteer more in the future because helping others brings joy to both them and myself. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $