Unit 5 Looking into nature（单元自测·提升卷）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

**基本信息** 八年级下册英语Unit 5提升卷，以“自然探索与科学精神”为主题，融合黄旭华、袁隆平、屠呦呦等科学家事迹及湿地保护、长江禁渔等时代素材，适配单元复习，全面考查语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10分|词汇辨析与语篇理解|以核潜艇之父事迹渗透家国情怀，培养文化意识| |阅读理解|50分|细节查找、推理判断、主旨归纳|涵盖湿地保护、森林保护等自然主题，强化环保思维与跨文化理解| |书面表达|10分|要点整合与语言输出|以屠呦呦科研故事引导价值判断，提升语言表达与创新应用能力|

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Looking into nature 提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一．完形填空（10分） 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．A 二．阅读理解（50分） A 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C B 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A C 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A D 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．A E 31．G 32．C 33．E 34．D 35．A 三．选词填空（10分） 36．came 37．tried/was trying 38．to do 39．shouting 40．to play 41．will clean/can clean 42．use 43．chose 44．to carry 45．can find 四．语法填空（10分） 46． achievements 47．an 48．on 49．his 50．but 51．beat 52．the best 53．to shock 54．running 55．really 五．阅读表达（10分） 56．He is famous as the father of hybrid rice. 57．He died in Changsha on May 22, 2021. 58．Yes, they did. 59．About 20 percent./20%/Twenty percent. 60．I think he is a great and selfless scientist who devoted his life to feeding the Chinese people and realizing his dream. 六．书面表达（10分） Tu Youyou is a great Chinese scientist. She did many experiments to find a cure for malaria. She failed 190 times, but she never gave up. Instead, she read old Chinese medical books and tried again. Finally, she found artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives around the world. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize. From her story, I learn that success comes from hard work and never giving up. We should keep trying even when we face difficulties. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Looking into nature 提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一．完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Huang Xuhua, the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇). Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, is widely known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”. He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong. In his early years, China was in a mess. Japanese planes often made cruel attacks on Chinese cities, and their warships landed on Chinese beaches, causing huge losses. These hardships deeply influenced Huang Xuhua, deeply planting the seed of serving his country in his heart. He made up his mind to study 1 , believing that it was the key to making China stronger. Building China’s first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and highly secret project. For more than 30 years, Huang Xuhua was 2 away from his family. He couldn’t attend his children’s first steps, their school graduations, or spend precious festivals with his parents. Whenever he thought of his family, a strong feeling of guilt (愧疚) would hit him, but his sense of duty to the country always 3 out. The working environment was not 4 at all. Without modern computers, Huang and his team had to use simple abacuses (算盘) to do difficult calculating. Day after day, they 5 studied the figures, facing a lot of problems. However, their hard work finally 6 fruit. In 1970, China’s first nuclear attack submarine, Long March No. 1, was ready for sea tests and entered service in 1974, making China the fifth country in the world to own this powerful 7 . In 1988, at the age of 62, Huang Xuhua joined the submarine’s first deep-diving test, a task full of risks. Even in his later years, he still went to the research center often, hoping to 8 on his knowledge and experience to the young people. His story is a powerful reminder that we should always 9 after our dreams and give our time and energy to our country, no matter how many difficulties lie 10 . 1．A．medicine B．shipbuilding C．plane making D．education 2．A．went B．kept C．appeared D．left 3．A．gave B．came C．won D．turned 4．A．comfortable B．modern C．simple D．private 5．A．carelessly B．quickly C．carefully D．happily 6．A．avoided B．provided C．produced D．satisfied 7．A．project B．machine C．weapon D．planet 8．A．pass B．give C．take D．turn 9．A．encourage B．refuse C．follow D．run 10．A．ahead B．behind C．beside D．under 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的事迹：他因家国情怀投身造船业，隐姓埋名30余年，克服艰苦条件研制出中国首艘核潜艇，诠释了奉献与坚守的精神。 1．句意：他下定决心学习造船，认为这是让中国变强的关键。 结合“研制核潜艇”的事业，黄旭华选择的是“造船”专业，shipbuilding“造船”符合语境。medicine“医学”、plane making“造飞机”、education“教育”均不符合其研究方向。 2．句意：30多年来，黄旭华一直与家人分离。 “keep away from”是固定搭配，意为“与……分离”，kept符合“隐姓埋名、远离家人”的语境。went“去”、appeared“出现”、left“离开”均不符合搭配。 3．句意：每当想到家人，强烈的愧疚感会涌上心头，但他的家国责任感总能胜出。 “win out”是固定短语，意为“胜出、占上风”，won符合“责任感战胜愧疚”的语义。gave“给”、came“来”、turned“转向”均不符合短语搭配。 4．句意：工作环境一点也不舒服。 结合“用算盘计算、面对诸多问题”，环境是“不舒服的”，comfortable“舒适的”符合语境。modern“现代的”、simple“简单的”、private“私人的”均不符合“艰苦环境”的描述。 5．句意：日复一日，他们认真研究数据，面临许多问题。 研制核潜艇需要“认真地”处理数据，carefully“认真地”符合语境。carelessly“粗心地”、quickly“快速地”、happily“开心地”均不符合“严谨工作”的状态。 6．句意：然而，他们的努力最终结出了果实。 “produce fruit”是固定表达，意为“结出果实（取得成果）”，produced符合“核潜艇研制成功”的结果。avoided“避免”、provided“提供”、satisfied“使满意”均不符合语义。 7．句意：这使中国成为世界上第五个拥有这种强大武器的国家。 核潜艇属于军事“武器”，weapon“武器”符合语境。project“项目”、machine“机器”、planet“行星”均不符合核潜艇的属性。 8．句意：即使在晚年，他仍然经常去研究中心，希望把自己的知识传递给年轻人。 “pass on”是固定短语，意为“传递”，pass符合“传承知识”的语义。give“给”、take“拿”、turn“转向”均不符合短语搭配。 9．句意：他的故事有力地提醒我们：无论前方有多少困难，我们都应该追逐梦想，为国家奉献时间和精力。 “run after our dreams”是固定短语，意为“追逐我们的梦想”，run符合“追逐梦想”的搭配。encourage“鼓励”、refuse“拒绝”、follow“跟随”均不符合此处的短语搭配。 10．句意：他的故事有力地提醒我们：无论前方有多少困难，我们都应该追随梦想，为国家奉献时间和精力。 “lie ahead”是固定短语，意为“在前方（等待）”，ahead符合“困难在未来”的语义。behind“在后面”、beside“在旁边”、under“在下面”均不符合语境。 二．阅读理解（50分） A China Creates 900+ Wetland Parks to Save Wildlife    Over the past 20 years, China has built 903 national wetland parks. These parks protect 2.4 million hectares (公顷) of wetlands, offering safe homes for many endangered animals. The information was shared at a recent meeting in Hangzhou. Wetlands are important for wildlife, and these parks help keep nature balanced for future generations.Yangtze River Fish Numbers Grow After 10-Year Fishing Ban     China’s Yangtze River is seeing more fish thanks to a 10-year fishing ban (禁令) started years ago. From 2021 to 2024, 344 types of local fish were found there—36 more than before the ban. The government shared this news at a recent meeting. Protecting the river helps wildlife get better and keeps the ecosystem healthy for the future. ________     Oysters (牡蛎) are not just tasty food—they also record climate (气候) changes! Their shells have lines, similar to tree rings. Summer heat makes the lines wide and light, while winter cold creates thin, dark lines. By studying these lines, scientists can learn about past weather. Oysters help us understand how the environment changes over time. 11．In which SECTION of a newspaper can we read the news? A．TECHNOLOGY. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．TRAVEL. D．ANIMAL. 12．What is the main purpose of the 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River? A．To increase the number of seafood types. B．To study ancient fishing ways and prepare for the future. C．To attract tourists to the river and improve local tourism. D．To help wildlife improve and protect the ecosystem. 13．How do oyster shells record climate changes? A．By changing colors in different seasons. B．Through lines that show temperature differences. C．Through rings that show seasonal temperature differences. D．By growing thicker in different areas. 14．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．Oysters: Tiny Climate Scientists B．Oysters: A Delicious Seafood Choice C．Oysters: The Guide to Shell Collection D．Oysters: Their Connection to Ocean Pollution 15．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They all focus on Chinese food culture. B．They explain scientific research about wildlife. C．They discuss ways to protect the environment and wildlife. D．They describe famous tourist attractions. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是三则新闻的合集，分别介绍了中国湿地公园建设、长江禁渔成效以及牡蛎壳记录气候变化的功能，共同聚焦环境保护与野生动物保护。 【详解】11．第一则新闻讲述中国建设湿地公园保护野生动物，第二则讲述长江禁渔后鱼类数量增长，第三则讲述牡蛎壳记录气候变化。三则新闻均与环境相关。 12．根据第二则新闻“Protecting the river helps wildlife get better and keeps the ecosystem healthy for the future.” 这说明禁渔的目的是帮助野生动物恢复和保护生态系统。 13．根据第三则新闻“Their shells have lines, similar to tree rings. Summer heat makes the lines wide and light, while winter cold creates thin, dark lines.” 这说明牡蛎壳通过类似年轮的纹路记录季节温度差异。 14．第三则新闻的核心内容是牡蛎壳可以记录气候变化，帮助科学家了解环境变化。A选项“Oysters: Tiny Climate Scientists”生动形象地概括了这一主题。 15．第一则讲湿地公园保护野生动物，第二则讲长江禁渔保护生态系统，第三则讲牡蛎帮助科学家了解环境变化。三则新闻都讨论了保护环境和野生动物。 B Forests are home to millions of species, but human activities like illegal logging (砍伐) and land clearing are destroying these habitats. If we don’t act soon, many plants and animals will disappear forever. However, people around the world are taking steps to protect forests—and every small effort counts. In Yunnan Province, China, local villagers once noticed that the number of black crested gibbons (黑冠长臂猿) was dropping. These rare animals depend on tall trees for food and shelter, but too many trees were being cut down. Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule: no one could cut trees in the gibbons’ living area.They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons and taught tourists about protecting the species.“We used to think cutting trees was the only way to make money,” said villager Mr Li.“Now we know protecting the gibbons means protecting our home too.” Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called “Paper Cycle” in schools and offices. People collect used paper, which is then sent to factories to be recycled into new paper. This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production. Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities. These stories show that anyone can help protect forests. Whether it’s following a village rule or recycling paper, small actions add up. We all have a part to play in keeping the natural world alive. 16．What does the underlined word “illegal” mean? A．Allowed by law. B．Very important. C．Easy to understand. D．Against the law. 17．What is the purpose of the “Paper Cycle” project started by Green Earth? A．To encourage people to use more paper. B．To reduce paper waste and save trees. C．To teach students how to make paper. D．To sell recycled paper to factories. 18．How many trees did the “Paper Cycle” project help save last year? A．More than 3,000. B．More than 4,000. C．More than 5,000. D．More than 6,000. 19．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 20．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．Small Steps to Protect Forests B．The Dangers of Illegal Logging C．Saving Black Crested Gibbons in Yunnan D．How to Recycle Paper for the Environment 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文介绍了人类活动对森林的破坏，并通过两个案例说明，每个人的微小行动都能为保护森林做出贡献。 【详解】16．“illegal”意为“非法的”，文中“illegal logging”指“非法砍伐”，对应选项D“Against the law（违反法律）”。 17．第3段“Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called ‘Paper Cycle’ in schools and offices.”可知，“Paper Cycle”项目的目的是减少纸张浪费，从而节约树木。 18．第3段“Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities.”可知，去年该项目帮助拯救了超过5000棵树。 19．文章结构为：①总述森林面临威胁及保护的重要性→②分述云南村民保护黑冠长臂猿的案例→③分述Green Earth组织“Paper Cycle”项目的案例→④总结微小行动的意义。这是典型的“总——分——总”结构，对应选项B。 20．全文通过两个案例说明，保护森林不需要惊天动地的行动，每个人的小步骤都能带来改变，因此最佳标题是“Small Steps to Protect Forests”。 C Have you ever heard of underwater archaeologists? These scientists explore ancient places and artefacts (文物) hidden under the sea. Throughout history, lots of artefacts have been lost underwater. Because of the limits of the human body and technology, the ocean floor remains largely unexplored. That’s why we need underwater archaeologists. On Pingtan Island in Fujian province, there’s a training centre for future underwater archaeologists. Students from all over China come here to learn how to protect and study artefacts which are discovered underwater. The training is tough. It requires years of hard work and practice. Right now, there are fewer than 200 underwater archaeologists in China. Underwater work, like many outdoor activities, depends greatly on the weather. The best time for underwater work is from May to November, because sea conditions are good during that period. However, this is also the typhoon (台风) season. Underwater archaeologists need to be patient and wait for the right moments. In 1987, a sunken ship named Nanhai One was discovered in the South China Sea. At that time, Chinese archaeologists were not fully prepared for the excavation (发掘). Later, Cui Yong, an underwater archaeologist, played a key role in the project. The ship, carrying over 180,000 artefacts, went down about 800 years ago while travelling from Quanzhou in China to the Indian Ocean. This makes it a key piece of evidence (证据) for studying the Maritime Silk Road (海上丝绸之路) and research on it has continued ever since. Now, underwater archaeology has developed greatly in China. Thanks to archaeologists like Cui, forgotten stories can now be brought to light again. 21．What is the main task of underwater archaeologists? A．To study ancient sea animals. B．To build new ships for sea travel. C．To teach people to stay underwater. D．To explore hidden underwater artefacts. 22．What does the underlined word “tough” most probably mean in English? A．Interesting. B．Challenging. C．Encouraging. D．Impossible. 23．Which of the following greatly influences underwater work? A．The number of archaeologists. B．The experience of the workers. C．The weather and sea conditions. D．The plants and animals in the sea. 24．Why is Nanhai One an important discovery? A．It was the largest ship ever built 800 years ago. B．It carried treasures from many different countries. C．It was the first ship discovered in the South China Sea. D．It offers key information for studying the Maritime Silk Road. 25．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Underwater archaeology in China B．Training of underwater archaeologists C．The life of an underwater archaeologist D．The surprising discovery of Nanhai One 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了水下考古学家的工作性质，中国水下考古人才培养的现状、水下考古工作的影响因素，并以南海一号沉船发掘为例，介绍了中国水下考古的发展成果。 21．原文第1段“These scientists explore ancient places and artefacts (文物) hidden under the sea.”，明确说明水下考古学家的核心工作是探索海底隐藏的古代遗迹与文物。 22．原文第3段“The training is tough. It requires years of hard work and practice. Right now, there are fewer than 200 underwater archaeologists in China.”，后文提到训练需要多年努力练习，且中国目前水下考古学家人数很少，说明训练难度很高，“challenging”符合划线词“tough”的词义。 23．原文第4段“Underwater work...depends greatly on the weather...The best time for underwater work is from May to November, because sea conditions are good during that period.”，明确说明水下工作极大依赖天气，同时指出海况是否良好决定了能否开展工作，因此天气和海况对水下工作影响最大。 24．原文第5段“This makes it a key piece of evidence (证据) for studying the Maritime Silk Road (海上丝绸之路) and research on it has continued ever since.”，直接说明南海一号是研究海上丝绸之路的关键证据，能够为相关研究提供关键信息，对应D选项的描述。 25．文章先后介绍水下考古工作内容、中国的水下考古培训、中国南海一号考古项目、中国水下考古的整体发展。B选项“水下考古学家的培训”、D选项“南海一号的发现”都只是文章部分内容，C选项“一名水下考古学家的生活”文中并未提及，A选项“中国的水下考古学”概括了全文核心主题，适合做标题。 D ①For weeks, large wildfires spread through Los Angeles (洛杉矶). They burned down a large number of homes and many people lost their lives. As pictures of the fires spread across the internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe a fire would leave trees safe. “Is there a secret attack (袭击) on L. A．homes?” they asked. The answer is no. As many pictures show, trees can and do catch fire. ②But it’s true that some didn’t burn. Scientists say there is a simple explanation (解释) for that. ③It’s all about moisture. “It’s quite easy to understand,” said Miranda Hart, a biology teacher. “Trees are filled with plenty of water. Clearly, trees do burn when fires are big and hot enough. But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the way of the fire. In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree.” ④Besides, the tree type also matters. Certain trees catch fire more easily. Deciduous (落叶的) trees (trees losing their leaves every year), for example, are hard to burn. That’s because their leaves include more water. While for conifer trees (针叶树), things are different. ⑤In Los Angeles, palms (棕榈树) are everywhere. They are a symbol of the city. But palm trees, with their thin and hard leaves, are especially easy to spread fire because of their structure and type. So the government advised against planting more palms. Without proper care, these trees can burn and spread rapidly during wildfires and put the people nearby in danger. 26．Some people questioned the wildfires in Los Angeles because ________. A．They lasted much longer than usual. B．Unknown enemies attacked homes and cars. C．Some trees didn’t burn in the fires. D．Pictures of the fires spread across the internet. 27．What does the underlined word “moisture” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Environment. B．Wetness. C．Temperature. D．Height. 28．How would a fire pass through a tree full of water and dry things according to Hart? ◯a tree full of water    □a dry thing fire’s path (路径) A． B． C． D． 29．Which type of tree is easier to catch fire according to the text? A．Trees with thin and hard leaves. B．Trees which drop their leaves every year. C．Trees with plenty of water in their leaves. D．Trees that are taller than the others around. 30．Which of the following shows the best structure of this text? (①=Paragraph 1) A．①②//③④//⑤ B．①//②③④//⑤ C．①//②③//④⑤ D．①②//③//④⑤ 【答案】26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．A 【导语】本文围绕洛杉矶野火展开，解释了火灾中部分树木未被烧毁的原因，包括树木含水量、树种差异，并以当地棕榈树为例说明易起火树种的特点，最后介绍了政府的相关建议。 【详解】26．第一段提到：“As pictures of the fires spread across the internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe a fire would leave trees safe.”，说明人们质疑洛杉矶野火的原因是有些树在火灾中没有被烧毁。 27．第三段提到：“Trees are filled with plenty of water. Clearly, trees do burn when fires are big and hot enough. But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry...”，后文一直在解释“树木含水量高”是不被烧毁的关键，由此可推断“moisture”的意思是湿度/水分，对应选项B（Wetness）。 28．第三段提到：“But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the way of the fire. In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree.”，说明火会先燃烧干燥的物体，然后绕开含水量高的树，对应选项C的路径（火从干燥物体经过，绕开水树）。 29．第五段提到：“But palm trees, with their thin and hard leaves, are especially easy to spread fire because of their structure and type.”，说明叶片薄而硬的树更容易着火，对应选项 A。 30．①②段：提出问题（部分树木未被烧毁）并引出下文解释； ③④段：分别从含水量、树种两个方面解释原因； ⑤段：以棕榈树为例，给出政府建议，属于补充说明。 因此文章结构为：①②//③④//⑤，对应选项A。 E 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Protecting the Environment: Our Duty Protecting the environment is one of the most important things we can do for our planet. 31 It provides us with clean air, fresh water and safe food. Without a good environment, human beings can’t live happily. 32 For example, we can turn off the lights when we leave a room and take shorter showers to save water. These small actions can help us use fewer resources and reduce waste. We should also pay attention to reducing pollution. 33 When we go shopping, we can bring cloth bags instead of using plastic bags. Plastic bags are hard to break down and cause great harm to the environment. 34 Many animals lose their homes because of deforestation and pollution. By protecting the environment, we are also protecting the living places of these animals. It helps keep the balance of nature. How can we encourage more people to protect the environment? 35 We can also give speeches in our school or community to tell others about the importance of environmental protection. Let’s work together to make our planet better. A．Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. B．First, we should save water and electricity in daily life. C．We can start with small actions in our daily life. D．It’s important to protect wild animals and their habitats. E．Reducing plastic use is a simple way to protect the earth. F．Planting more trees can make the air cleaner. G．The environment is closely related to our daily life. 【答案】31．G 32．C 33．E 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文围绕“保护环境是人类的责任”展开，介绍了日常践行环保的具体方法、环保的重要意义，并提出呼吁更多人参与环保的方式，号召大家共同守护地球。 31．根据后文“It provides us with clean air, fresh water and safe food. Without a good environment, human beings can’t live happily.”可知，它为我们提供清洁的空气、新鲜的水和安全的食物，是在阐述环境对人类的重要作用，选项G“环境与我们的日常生活息息相关。”，此句衔接上下文，点明环境对人类生活的重要性，符合语境。故选G。 32．根据后文“For example, we can turn off the lights when we leave a room and take shorter showers to save water.”可知，此处引出了随手关灯、缩短淋浴时间等日常生活中的小事，选项C“我们可以从日常生活中的小事做起。”与该句的 “small actions in our daily life” 相呼应，符合语境。故选C。 33．根据后文“When we go shopping, we can bring cloth bags instead of using plastic bags. Plastic bags are hard to break down and cause great harm to the environment.”可知，此处提及塑料袋的危害和减少塑料袋使用的做法，选项E“减少塑料使用是保护地球的一个简单方法。”与该句的“Reducing plastic use”对应，衔接上下文，点明该段的分论点，符合语境。故选E。 34．根据后文“Many animals lose their homes because of deforestation and pollution. By protecting the environment, we are also protecting the living places of these animals.”可知，此处讲述动物栖息地受损的问题，选项D“保护野生动物及其栖息地很重要。”概括了本段核心内容，符合语境。故选D。 35．根据前文“How can we encourage more people to protect the environment?”和后文“We can also give speeches in our school or community to tell others about the importance of environmental protection.”可知，本段设问如何鼓励更多人保护环境，空格后又提到在学校或社区演讲宣传环保重要性，选项A“保护环境是每个人的责任。”该句回答前文问题，引出呼吁大众参与环保的内容，符合语境。故选A。 三．选词填空（10分） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词)，填入空白处。 try,  use,  do,  clean,  choose,  come,  shout,  find,  show,  play,  carry I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than others. When a reporter asked him why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all 36 from an experience when he was about three years old. “I 37 to get a bottle of milk from the fridge while my mum was cleaning the bedroom. Suddenly, I lost hold of the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was afraid and I didn’t know what 38 ,” he said. His mother heard the noise and came into the kitchen. Instead of 39 at him, she said,” Wow, Robert, what a great and beautiful mess you have made! Would you like 40 in it for a while? We 41 it up later.” “She turned this messy accident into a fun little game for me,” he said. After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, you have to clean it up. We can 42 a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He 43 a sponge and they cleaned up the spilled milk together. His mother then said, “It’s difficult for you 44 a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you 45 a way to carry it without dropping it. The scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes and he’d like to try a lot of things in different ways. 【答案】36．came 37．tried/was trying 38．to do 39．shouting 40．to play 41．will clean/can clean 42．use 43．chose 44．to carry 45．can find 【导语】本文讲述了一位著名科学家小时候打翻牛奶后，母亲用独特的方式引导他，让他不再害怕犯错的故事。 【详解】36．句意：这一切都源于他大约三岁时的一次经历。此处表示“源于”，应用动词短语“come from”。句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。 37．句意：当妈妈正在打扫卧室时，我试图从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶。句子缺少谓语动词，根据上下文语境，此处表示“尝试、努力”，结合备选词，用try；when引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，主句动作发生在过去，可用一般过去时或过去进行时，try的过去式为tried，过去进行时形式为was trying，两种形式均符合语境。 38．句意：我很害怕，不知道该怎么办。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，表示“做什么”，what后接动词不定式，构成what to do结构。 39．句意：她没有对他大喊大叫，而是说：“哇，Robert，你弄得这一团糟可真漂亮！”。介词短语“Instead of”后应跟动名词形式，表示“而不是做某事”；此处表示“大喊大叫”，用shout的动名词形式shouting。 40．句意：你想在里面玩一会儿吗？“would like to do sth.”为固定结构，不定式作宾语；此处表示“玩耍”，填to play。 41．句意：我们稍后会 (可以) 把它清理干净。句子为直接引语，描述将要/可能发生的动作，应用一般将来时或含情态动词的一般现在时，will/can后接动词原形，即will clean/can clean。 42．句意：我们可以用海绵、毛巾或拖把。情态动词“can”后跟动词原形，此处表示“使用”，use保持动词原形。 43．句意：他选择了一块海绵。此处表示“选择”，应用动词“choose”。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，choose的过去式为chose。 44．句意：你用两只小手搬运一个大牛奶瓶是很困难的。此处为“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型，表示“做某事是……的”；此处表示“拿、搬运”，用carry的不定式形式to carry。 45．句意：我们去院子里把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能找到一种不把它掉下来的拿法。情态动词can表“能够”，后接动词原形find，贴合母亲引导孩子尝试、探寻实用方法的语境。 四．语法填空（10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wang Fangding, as one of the most important and excellent Chinese scientists, has got great 46 (achieve) in nuclear (核) physics and radiochemistry (放射化学). He helped solve the problems of nuclear testing, nuclear bombs (核弹) and nuclear waste (核废料). He has played 47 important role in China’s nuclear industry. His research has had a great influence 48 China’s development in science and technology and he has also taught many new successful scientists who learn a lot from him, including 49 (he) spirit. He was born in Shenyang, Liaoning Province in December, 1928. There were no good study conditions in his time like today’s, 50 he worked hard and entered Sichuan University. Since he graduated from the university in 1952, he has worked on nuclear science. Though the working conditions were also very hard, he with his team 51 (beat) many different difficulties and succeeded in developing our country’s science and technology. With their hard work, our country’s development of nuclear science and technology has been ahead of the world level and we own 52 (good) technology in many ways in the world. Like many Chinese scientists, he just works hard on our country’s development that is great enough 53 (shock) the world. Thank those who work hard-silently and protect us bravely instead of 54 (run) for money and fame. They are real idols 55 (real) worth our care and love. 【答案】46． achievements 47．an 48．on 49．his 50．but 51．beat 52．the best 53．to shock 54．running 55．really 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家王方定的事迹。他作为中国重要的杰出科学家之一，在核物理和放射化学领域取得了巨大成就，帮助解决了核试验、核弹及核废料等问题，在中国核工业中发挥了重要作用。 【详解】46．句意：王方定，作为中国重要的杰出科学家之一，在核物理和放射化学方面取得了巨大的成就。括号内单词为“achieve”(实现，取得，动词)。空前有形容词“great”(巨大的)，形容词后需接名词作宾语，“achieve”的名词形式是“achievement”(成就)，为可数名词。“great achievements”表示“巨大成就”，符合语境。 47．句意：他在中国核工业中发挥了重要作用。此处考查固定搭配“play an important role in...”(在……中发挥重要作用)。“important”(重要的)以元音音素//开头，不定冠词需用“an”。 48．句意：他的研究对中国科学技术的发展产生了巨大影响。此处考查固定搭配“have an influence on...”(对……有影响)，表示“对……产生影响”时，需用介词“on”。 49．句意：他还培养了许多新的成功科学家，他们从他身上学到了很多，包括他的精神。括号内单词为“he”(他，人称代词主格)。空后为名词“spirit”(精神)，需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，“he”的形容词性物主代词是“his”(他的)。 50．句意：他那个时代没有像今天这样好的学习条件，他努力学习，进入了四川大学。前半句“没有好的学习条件”与后半句“努力学习并考入大学”之间存在转折关系，需用转折连词“but”(但是)连接。 51．句意：尽管工作条件也很艰苦，但他和他的团队克服了许多不同的困难，并成功发展了我国的科学技术。括号内单词为“beat”(打败，克服，动词)。句中“and”连接并列谓语，后半句“succeeded”(成功)为过去式，因此前半句谓语动词也需用过去式，“beat”的过去式是“beat”。 52．句意：在他们的努力下，我国核科学和技术的发展已经领先世界水平，并且我们在世界上许多方面拥有最好的技术。句中“in many ways in the world(在世界上许多方面)”表示范围，需用形容词最高级，且最高级前需加定冠词“the”。“good(好的)”的最高级为“best(最好的)”。故填“the best”。 53．句意：像许多中国科学家一样，他只是努力为国家的发展工作，这足够伟大去震惊世界。句中“is great enough”后需接动词不定式，构成固定结构“be+adj.+enough to do sth.(足够……去做某事)”，表示“足够伟大去震惊世界”。因此填“to shock”。 54．句意：感谢那些默默努力工作、勇敢保护我们，而不是为金钱和名誉而奔走的人。中“instead of(而不是)”为介词短语，后接动词时需用动名词形式。“run(奔走)”的动名词为“running”。 55．句意：他们是真正值得我们关心和爱戴的偶像。空后为形容词“worth(值得的)”，需用副词修饰形容词。“real(真实的)”为形容词，其副词形式为“really”(真正地)。 五．阅读表达（10分） As we all know, Yuan Longping is famous as the father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻之父). He was born on September 7, 1930 in Chongqing, and died in Changsha on May 22, 2021. In November, 2020, he and his team set a new record. They grew a new kind of hybrid rice called “Sanyou No. 1”. Its yield (产量) can reach 1,500 kg per mu. That means a 1-mu field (田地) can feed (喂养) five people! When he was young, he saw lots of Chinese people starving (挨饿). He has tried hard to make sure everyone has enough to eat. To get closer to this goal (目标), he grew hybrid rice. Hybrid rice is very important for China. About one-fifth of the world’s people live in China. But China only has less than 9 percent of the world’s land. So the rice grown in China has to have a big yield. It has to have more grains (稻粒) in each plant. Its grains have to be bigger. It has to be strong so that we can grow it in deserts (沙漠), mountains, and snowy villages. Hybrid rice can take in water and nutrition (营养) from the ground better than other rice. It can take in sunlight better as well. All of these things help it grow bigger and taller. Its annual yield (年产量) is about 20 percent higher than that of other rice. “I had a dream. In my dream, rice plants grow as tall as sorghum (高粱), each ear of rice (稻穗) is as big as a broom (扫把), and each grain of rice is as huge as a peanut (花生).” Yuan once said. Isn’t that wonderful? Maybe the scientist’s dream will come true someday. Answer the questions according to the passage. 56．What is Yuan Longping famous as? 57．When and where did Yuan Longping die? 58．Did he and his team set a new record in November, 2020? 59．How much is hybrid rice’s annual yield (年产量) higher than that of other rice? 60．What do you think of Yuan Longping? 【答案】56．He is famous as the father of hybrid rice. 57．He died in Changsha on May 22, 2021. 58．Yes, they did. 59．About 20 percent./20%/Twenty percent. 60．I think he is a great and selfless scientist who devoted his life to feeding the Chinese people and realizing his dream. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平、科研成果（如“三优一号”创下高产纪录）以及杂交水稻在解决中国粮食问题中的重要意义，并提及了他的“禾下乘凉梦”。 56．根据第一段第一句“As we all know, Yuan Longping is famous as the father of hybrid rice”可知，袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。故填He is famous as the father of hybrid rice. 57．根据第一段第二句“...died in Changsha on May 22, 2021.”可知，袁隆平于2021年5月22日在长沙逝世。故填He died in Changsha on May 22, 2021. 58．根据第一段第三、四句“In November, 2020, he and his team set a new record.”可知，2020年11月，他和他的团队确实创造了新纪录。题干是一般疑问句，应用Yes/No回答。故填Yes, they did. 59．根据第二段最后一句“Its annual yield is about 20 percent higher than that of other rice.”可知，杂交水稻的年产量比其他水稻高出约20%。故填About 20 percent./20%/Twenty percent. 60．本题为开放性问答，要求评价袁隆平。答案需结合文章内容，观点积极正面。示例：我认为他是一位伟大而无私的科学家，他将一生奉献给了解决中国人吃饭问题和实现自己的梦想。故填I think he is a great and selfless scientist who devoted his life to feeding the Chinese people and realizing his dream. 六．书面表达（10分） 61．在你的学习生涯中，一定有很多科学家给你留下了深刻的印象。屠呦呦教授是中国第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖项的科学家，她和她的团队发现的青蒿素拯救了全球数百万人的生命。请你根据以下要点，写一篇作文，介绍她的付出与收获。 Name Pain Solution Gain Tu Youyou 1. did many experiments 2. failed 190 times 1. didn’t give up 2. read old Chinese medical books 3. tried again 1. found artemisinin 2. In 2015, won the Nobel Prize. 要求：1．分享一下你从屠呦呦的故事中学到了什么。 2．包含以上所有要点，并适当发挥。 3．80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 No pain, no gain — The Story of Tu Youyou There is an old saying, “No pain, no gain”. Tu Youyou’s story perfectly shows us the meaning of this saying. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Tu Youyou is a great Chinese scientist. She did many experiments to find a cure for malaria. She failed 190 times, but she never gave up. Instead, she read old Chinese medical books and tried again. Finally, she found artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives around the world. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize. From her story, I learn that success comes from hard work and never giving up. We should keep trying even when we face difficulties. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般过去时为主（描述屠呦呦的研究历程），结尾感悟用一般现在时 核心要点：屠呦呦的付出（实验与失败）、应对方式（不放弃+查阅古籍）、收获（发现青蒿素+获诺贝尔奖）、个人感悟 人称：第三人称（she/Tu Youyou）介绍事迹，第一人称（I）表达感悟 注意事项：词数控制在80词左右，不得遗漏表格要点，感悟需贴合主题 [第二步：构思布局] 一段式结构 开头：总起句，点明屠呦呦的身份与核心成就，引出她的研究背景 主体：按“付出-应对-收获” 的逻辑，依次描述她的实验过程、失败后的坚持与突破 结尾：总结她的精神价值，升华主题，分享个人感悟 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：屠呦呦的付出（Pain） 关键信息：did many experiments; failed 190 times 写作表达：She did many experiments to find a cure for malaria, but failed 190 times. 作用：体现研究过程的艰辛，为下文“坚持”做铺垫 要点二：屠呦呦的应对方式（Solution） 关键信息：didn’t give up; read old Chinese medical books; tried again 写作表达：She never gave up. Instead, she read old Chinese medical books and tried again and again. 作用：展现她面对挫折的态度，突出 “永不放弃” 的精神 要点三：屠呦呦的收获（Gain） 关键信息：found artemisinin; won the Nobel Prize in 2015 写作表达：Finally, she found artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize. 作用：点明她的研究成果与荣誉，呼应开头的 “伟大科学家” 定位 要点四：个人感悟 关键信息：从她的故事中学到的道理 写作表达：From her story, I learn that success comes from hard work and never giving up. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Looking into nature 提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一．完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Huang Xuhua, the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇). Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, is widely known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”. He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong. In his early years, China was in a mess. Japanese planes often made cruel attacks on Chinese cities, and their warships landed on Chinese beaches, causing huge losses. These hardships deeply influenced Huang Xuhua, deeply planting the seed of serving his country in his heart. He made up his mind to study 1 , believing that it was the key to making China stronger. Building China’s first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and highly secret project. For more than 30 years, Huang Xuhua was 2 away from his family. He couldn’t attend his children’s first steps, their school graduations, or spend precious festivals with his parents. Whenever he thought of his family, a strong feeling of guilt (愧疚) would hit him, but his sense of duty to the country always 3 out. The working environment was not 4 at all. Without modern computers, Huang and his team had to use simple abacuses (算盘) to do difficult calculating. Day after day, they 5 studied the figures, facing a lot of problems. However, their hard work finally 6 fruit. In 1970, China’s first nuclear attack submarine, Long March No. 1, was ready for sea tests and entered service in 1974, making China the fifth country in the world to own this powerful 7 . In 1988, at the age of 62, Huang Xuhua joined the submarine’s first deep-diving test, a task full of risks. Even in his later years, he still went to the research center often, hoping to 8 on his knowledge and experience to the young people. His story is a powerful reminder that we should always 9 after our dreams and give our time and energy to our country, no matter how many difficulties lie 10 . 1．A．medicine B．shipbuilding C．plane making D．education 2．A．went B．kept C．appeared D．left 3．A．gave B．came C．won D．turned 4．A．comfortable B．modern C．simple D．private 5．A．carelessly B．quickly C．carefully D．happily 6．A．avoided B．provided C．produced D．satisfied 7．A．project B．machine C．weapon D．planet 8．A．pass B．give C．take D．turn 9．A．encourage B．refuse C．follow D．run 10．A．ahead B．behind C．beside D．under 二．阅读理解（50分） A China Creates 900+ Wetland Parks to Save Wildlife    Over the past 20 years, China has built 903 national wetland parks. These parks protect 2.4 million hectares (公顷) of wetlands, offering safe homes for many endangered animals. The information was shared at a recent meeting in Hangzhou. Wetlands are important for wildlife, and these parks help keep nature balanced for future generations.Yangtze River Fish Numbers Grow After 10-Year Fishing Ban     China’s Yangtze River is seeing more fish thanks to a 10-year fishing ban (禁令) started years ago. From 2021 to 2024, 344 types of local fish were found there—36 more than before the ban. The government shared this news at a recent meeting. Protecting the river helps wildlife get better and keeps the ecosystem healthy for the future. ________     Oysters (牡蛎) are not just tasty food—they also record climate (气候) changes! Their shells have lines, similar to tree rings. Summer heat makes the lines wide and light, while winter cold creates thin, dark lines. By studying these lines, scientists can learn about past weather. Oysters help us understand how the environment changes over time. 11．In which SECTION of a newspaper can we read the news? A．TECHNOLOGY. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．TRAVEL. D．ANIMAL. 12．What is the main purpose of the 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River? A．To increase the number of seafood types. B．To study ancient fishing ways and prepare for the future. C．To attract tourists to the river and improve local tourism. D．To help wildlife improve and protect the ecosystem. 13．How do oyster shells record climate changes? A．By changing colors in different seasons. B．Through lines that show temperature differences. C．Through rings that show seasonal temperature differences. D．By growing thicker in different areas. 14．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．Oysters: Tiny Climate Scientists B．Oysters: A Delicious Seafood Choice C．Oysters: The Guide to Shell Collection D．Oysters: Their Connection to Ocean Pollution 15．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They all focus on Chinese food culture. B．They explain scientific research about wildlife. C．They discuss ways to protect the environment and wildlife. D．They describe famous tourist attractions. B Forests are home to millions of species, but human activities like illegal logging (砍伐) and land clearing are destroying these habitats. If we don’t act soon, many plants and animals will disappear forever. However, people around the world are taking steps to protect forests—and every small effort counts. In Yunnan Province, China, local villagers once noticed that the number of black crested gibbons (黑冠长臂猿) was dropping. These rare animals depend on tall trees for food and shelter, but too many trees were being cut down. Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule: no one could cut trees in the gibbons’ living area.They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons and taught tourists about protecting the species.“We used to think cutting trees was the only way to make money,” said villager Mr Li.“Now we know protecting the gibbons means protecting our home too.” Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called “Paper Cycle” in schools and offices. People collect used paper, which is then sent to factories to be recycled into new paper. This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production. Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities. These stories show that anyone can help protect forests. Whether it’s following a village rule or recycling paper, small actions add up. We all have a part to play in keeping the natural world alive. 16．What does the underlined word “illegal” mean? A．Allowed by law. B．Very important. C．Easy to understand. D．Against the law. 17．What is the purpose of the “Paper Cycle” project started by Green Earth? A．To encourage people to use more paper. B．To reduce paper waste and save trees. C．To teach students how to make paper. D．To sell recycled paper to factories. 18．How many trees did the “Paper Cycle” project help save last year? A．More than 3,000. B．More than 4,000. C．More than 5,000. D．More than 6,000. 19．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 20．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．Small Steps to Protect Forests B．The Dangers of Illegal Logging C．Saving Black Crested Gibbons in Yunnan D．How to Recycle Paper for the Environment C Have you ever heard of underwater archaeologists? These scientists explore ancient places and artefacts (文物) hidden under the sea. Throughout history, lots of artefacts have been lost underwater. Because of the limits of the human body and technology, the ocean floor remains largely unexplored. That’s why we need underwater archaeologists. On Pingtan Island in Fujian province, there’s a training centre for future underwater archaeologists. Students from all over China come here to learn how to protect and study artefacts which are discovered underwater. The training is tough. It requires years of hard work and practice. Right now, there are fewer than 200 underwater archaeologists in China. Underwater work, like many outdoor activities, depends greatly on the weather. The best time for underwater work is from May to November, because sea conditions are good during that period. However, this is also the typhoon (台风) season. Underwater archaeologists need to be patient and wait for the right moments. In 1987, a sunken ship named Nanhai One was discovered in the South China Sea. At that time, Chinese archaeologists were not fully prepared for the excavation (发掘). Later, Cui Yong, an underwater archaeologist, played a key role in the project. The ship, carrying over 180,000 artefacts, went down about 800 years ago while travelling from Quanzhou in China to the Indian Ocean. This makes it a key piece of evidence (证据) for studying the Maritime Silk Road (海上丝绸之路) and research on it has continued ever since. Now, underwater archaeology has developed greatly in China. Thanks to archaeologists like Cui, forgotten stories can now be brought to light again. 21．What is the main task of underwater archaeologists? A．To study ancient sea animals. B．To build new ships for sea travel. C．To teach people to stay underwater. D．To explore hidden underwater artefacts. 22．What does the underlined word “tough” most probably mean in English? A．Interesting. B．Challenging. C．Encouraging. D．Impossible. 23．Which of the following greatly influences underwater work? A．The number of archaeologists. B．The experience of the workers. C．The weather and sea conditions. D．The plants and animals in the sea. 24．Why is Nanhai One an important discovery? A．It was the largest ship ever built 800 years ago. B．It carried treasures from many different countries. C．It was the first ship discovered in the South China Sea. D．It offers key information for studying the Maritime Silk Road. 25．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Underwater archaeology in China B．Training of underwater archaeologists C．The life of an underwater archaeologist D．The surprising discovery of Nanhai One D ①For weeks, large wildfires spread through Los Angeles (洛杉矶). They burned down a large number of homes and many people lost their lives. As pictures of the fires spread across the internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe a fire would leave trees safe. “Is there a secret attack (袭击) on L. A．homes?” they asked. The answer is no. As many pictures show, trees can and do catch fire. ②But it’s true that some didn’t burn. Scientists say there is a simple explanation (解释) for that. ③It’s all about moisture. “It’s quite easy to understand,” said Miranda Hart, a biology teacher. “Trees are filled with plenty of water. Clearly, trees do burn when fires are big and hot enough. But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the way of the fire. In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree.” ④Besides, the tree type also matters. Certain trees catch fire more easily. Deciduous (落叶的) trees (trees losing their leaves every year), for example, are hard to burn. That’s because their leaves include more water. While for conifer trees (针叶树), things are different. ⑤In Los Angeles, palms (棕榈树) are everywhere. They are a symbol of the city. But palm trees, with their thin and hard leaves, are especially easy to spread fire because of their structure and type. So the government advised against planting more palms. Without proper care, these trees can burn and spread rapidly during wildfires and put the people nearby in danger. 26．Some people questioned the wildfires in Los Angeles because ________. A．They lasted much longer than usual. B．Unknown enemies attacked homes and cars. C．Some trees didn’t burn in the fires. D．Pictures of the fires spread across the internet. 27．What does the underlined word “moisture” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Environment. B．Wetness. C．Temperature. D．Height. 28．How would a fire pass through a tree full of water and dry things according to Hart? ◯a tree full of water    □a dry thing fire’s path (路径) A． B． C． D． 29．Which type of tree is easier to catch fire according to the text? A．Trees with thin and hard leaves. B．Trees which drop their leaves every year. C．Trees with plenty of water in their leaves. D．Trees that are taller than the others around. 30．Which of the following shows the best structure of this text? (①=Paragraph 1) A．①②//③④//⑤ B．①//②③④//⑤ C．①//②③//④⑤ D．①②//③//④⑤ E 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Protecting the Environment: Our Duty Protecting the environment is one of the most important things we can do for our planet. 31 It provides us with clean air, fresh water and safe food. Without a good environment, human beings can’t live happily. 32 For example, we can turn off the lights when we leave a room and take shorter showers to save water. These small actions can help us use fewer resources and reduce waste. We should also pay attention to reducing pollution. 33 When we go shopping, we can bring cloth bags instead of using plastic bags. Plastic bags are hard to break down and cause great harm to the environment. 34 Many animals lose their homes because of deforestation and pollution. By protecting the environment, we are also protecting the living places of these animals. It helps keep the balance of nature. How can we encourage more people to protect the environment? 35 We can also give speeches in our school or community to tell others about the importance of environmental protection. Let’s work together to make our planet better. A．Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. B．First, we should save water and electricity in daily life. C．We can start with small actions in our daily life. D．It’s important to protect wild animals and their habitats. E．Reducing plastic use is a simple way to protect the earth. F．Planting more trees can make the air cleaner. G．The environment is closely related to our daily life. 三．选词填空（10分） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词)，填入空白处。 try,  use,  do,  clean,  choose,  come,  shout,  find,  show,  play,  carry I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than others. When a reporter asked him why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all 36 from an experience when he was about three years old. “I 37 to get a bottle of milk from the fridge while my mum was cleaning the bedroom. Suddenly, I lost hold of the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was afraid and I didn’t know what 38 ,” he said. His mother heard the noise and came into the kitchen. Instead of 39 at him, she said,” Wow, Robert, what a great and beautiful mess you have made! Would you like 40 in it for a while? We 41 it up later.” “She turned this messy accident into a fun little game for me,” he said. After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, you have to clean it up. We can 42 a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He 43 a sponge and they cleaned up the spilled milk together. His mother then said, “It’s difficult for you 44 a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you 45 a way to carry it without dropping it. The scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes and he’d like to try a lot of things in different ways. 四．语法填空（10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wang Fangding, as one of the most important and excellent Chinese scientists, has got great 46 (achieve) in nuclear (核) physics and radiochemistry (放射化学). He helped solve the problems of nuclear testing, nuclear bombs (核弹) and nuclear waste (核废料). He has played 47 important role in China’s nuclear industry. His research has had a great influence 48 China’s development in science and technology and he has also taught many new successful scientists who learn a lot from him, including 49 (he) spirit. He was born in Shenyang, Liaoning Province in December, 1928. There were no good study conditions in his time like today’s, 50 he worked hard and entered Sichuan University. Since he graduated from the university in 1952, he has worked on nuclear science. Though the working conditions were also very hard, he with his team 51 (beat) many different difficulties and succeeded in developing our country’s science and technology. With their hard work, our country’s development of nuclear science and technology has been ahead of the world level and we own 52 (good) technology in many ways in the world. Like many Chinese scientists, he just works hard on our country’s development that is great enough 53 (shock) the world. Thank those who work hard-silently and protect us bravely instead of 54 (run) for money and fame. They are real idols 55 (real) worth our care and love. 五．阅读表达（10分） As we all know, Yuan Longping is famous as the father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻之父). He was born on September 7, 1930 in Chongqing, and died in Changsha on May 22, 2021. In November, 2020, he and his team set a new record. They grew a new kind of hybrid rice called “Sanyou No. 1”. Its yield (产量) can reach 1,500 kg per mu. That means a 1-mu field (田地) can feed (喂养) five people! When he was young, he saw lots of Chinese people starving (挨饿). He has tried hard to make sure everyone has enough to eat. To get closer to this goal (目标), he grew hybrid rice. Hybrid rice is very important for China. About one-fifth of the world’s people live in China. But China only has less than 9 percent of the world’s land. So the rice grown in China has to have a big yield. It has to have more grains (稻粒) in each plant. Its grains have to be bigger. It has to be strong so that we can grow it in deserts (沙漠), mountains, and snowy villages. Hybrid rice can take in water and nutrition (营养) from the ground better than other rice. It can take in sunlight better as well. All of these things help it grow bigger and taller. Its annual yield (年产量) is about 20 percent higher than that of other rice. “I had a dream. In my dream, rice plants grow as tall as sorghum (高粱), each ear of rice (稻穗) is as big as a broom (扫把), and each grain of rice is as huge as a peanut (花生).” Yuan once said. Isn’t that wonderful? Maybe the scientist’s dream will come true someday. Answer the questions according to the passage. 56．What is Yuan Longping famous as? 57．When and where did Yuan Longping die? 58．Did he and his team set a new record in November, 2020? 59．How much is hybrid rice’s annual yield (年产量) higher than that of other rice? 60．What do you think of Yuan Longping? 六．书面表达（10分） 61．在你的学习生涯中，一定有很多科学家给你留下了深刻的印象。屠呦呦教授是中国第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖项的科学家，她和她的团队发现的青蒿素拯救了全球数百万人的生命。请你根据以下要点，写一篇作文，介绍她的付出与收获。 Name Pain Solution Gain Tu Youyou 1. did many experiments 2. failed 190 times 1. didn’t give up 2. read old Chinese medical books 3. tried again 1. found artemisinin 2. In 2015, won the Nobel Prize. 要求：1．分享一下你从屠呦呦的故事中学到了什么。 2．包含以上所有要点，并适当发挥。 3．80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 No pain, no gain — The Story of Tu Youyou There is an old saying, “No pain, no gain”. Tu Youyou’s story perfectly shows us the meaning of this saying. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Looking into nature 提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一．完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Huang Xuhua, the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇). Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, is widely known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”. He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong. In his early years, China was in a mess. Japanese planes often made cruel attacks on Chinese cities, and their warships landed on Chinese beaches, causing huge losses. These hardships deeply influenced Huang Xuhua, deeply planting the seed of serving his country in his heart. He made up his mind to study 1 , believing that it was the key to making China stronger. Building China’s first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and highly secret project. For more than 30 years, Huang Xuhua was 2 away from his family. He couldn’t attend his children’s first steps, their school graduations, or spend precious festivals with his parents. Whenever he thought of his family, a strong feeling of guilt (愧疚) would hit him, but his sense of duty to the country always 3 out. The working environment was not 4 at all. Without modern computers, Huang and his team had to use simple abacuses (算盘) to do difficult calculating. Day after day, they 5 studied the figures, facing a lot of problems. However, their hard work finally 6 fruit. In 1970, China’s first nuclear attack submarine, Long March No. 1, was ready for sea tests and entered service in 1974, making China the fifth country in the world to own this powerful 7 . In 1988, at the age of 62, Huang Xuhua joined the submarine’s first deep-diving test, a task full of risks. Even in his later years, he still went to the research center often, hoping to 8 on his knowledge and experience to the young people. His story is a powerful reminder that we should always 9 after our dreams and give our time and energy to our country, no matter how many difficulties lie 10 . 1．A．medicine B．shipbuilding C．plane making D．education 2．A．went B．kept C．appeared D．left 3．A．gave B．came C．won D．turned 4．A．comfortable B．modern C．simple D．private 5．A．carelessly B．quickly C．carefully D．happily 6．A．avoided B．provided C．produced D．satisfied 7．A．project B．machine C．weapon D．planet 8．A．pass B．give C．take D．turn 9．A．encourage B．refuse C．follow D．run 10．A．ahead B．behind C．beside D．under 二．阅读理解（50分） A China Creates 900+ Wetland Parks to Save Wildlife    Over the past 20 years, China has built 903 national wetland parks. These parks protect 2.4 million hectares (公顷) of wetlands, offering safe homes for many endangered animals. The information was shared at a recent meeting in Hangzhou. Wetlands are important for wildlife, and these parks help keep nature balanced for future generations.Yangtze River Fish Numbers Grow After 10-Year Fishing Ban     China’s Yangtze River is seeing more fish thanks to a 10-year fishing ban (禁令) started years ago. From 2021 to 2024, 344 types of local fish were found there—36 more than before the ban. The government shared this news at a recent meeting. Protecting the river helps wildlife get better and keeps the ecosystem healthy for the future. ________     Oysters (牡蛎) are not just tasty food—they also record climate (气候) changes! Their shells have lines, similar to tree rings. Summer heat makes the lines wide and light, while winter cold creates thin, dark lines. By studying these lines, scientists can learn about past weather. Oysters help us understand how the environment changes over time. 11．In which SECTION of a newspaper can we read the news? A．TECHNOLOGY. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．TRAVEL. D．ANIMAL. 12．What is the main purpose of the 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River? A．To increase the number of seafood types. B．To study ancient fishing ways and prepare for the future. C．To attract tourists to the river and improve local tourism. D．To help wildlife improve and protect the ecosystem. 13．How do oyster shells record climate changes? A．By changing colors in different seasons. B．Through lines that show temperature differences. C．Through rings that show seasonal temperature differences. D．By growing thicker in different areas. 14．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．Oysters: Tiny Climate Scientists B．Oysters: A Delicious Seafood Choice C．Oysters: The Guide to Shell Collection D．Oysters: Their Connection to Ocean Pollution 15．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They all focus on Chinese food culture. B．They explain scientific research about wildlife. C．They discuss ways to protect the environment and wildlife. D．They describe famous tourist attractions. B Forests are home to millions of species, but human activities like illegal logging (砍伐) and land clearing are destroying these habitats. If we don’t act soon, many plants and animals will disappear forever. However, people around the world are taking steps to protect forests—and every small effort counts. In Yunnan Province, China, local villagers once noticed that the number of black crested gibbons (黑冠长臂猿) was dropping. These rare animals depend on tall trees for food and shelter, but too many trees were being cut down. Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule: no one could cut trees in the gibbons’ living area.They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons and taught tourists about protecting the species.“We used to think cutting trees was the only way to make money,” said villager Mr Li.“Now we know protecting the gibbons means protecting our home too.” Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called “Paper Cycle” in schools and offices. People collect used paper, which is then sent to factories to be recycled into new paper. This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production. Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities. These stories show that anyone can help protect forests. Whether it’s following a village rule or recycling paper, small actions add up. We all have a part to play in keeping the natural world alive. 16．What does the underlined word “illegal” mean? A．Allowed by law. B．Very important. C．Easy to understand. D．Against the law. 17．What is the purpose of the “Paper Cycle” project started by Green Earth? A．To encourage people to use more paper. B．To reduce paper waste and save trees. C．To teach students how to make paper. D．To sell recycled paper to factories. 18．How many trees did the “Paper Cycle” project help save last year? A．More than 3,000. B．More than 4,000. C．More than 5,000. D．More than 6,000. 19．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 20．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．Small Steps to Protect Forests B．The Dangers of Illegal Logging C．Saving Black Crested Gibbons in Yunnan D．How to Recycle Paper for the Environment C Have you ever heard of underwater archaeologists? These scientists explore ancient places and artefacts (文物) hidden under the sea. Throughout history, lots of artefacts have been lost underwater. Because of the limits of the human body and technology, the ocean floor remains largely unexplored. That’s why we need underwater archaeologists. On Pingtan Island in Fujian province, there’s a training centre for future underwater archaeologists. Students from all over China come here to learn how to protect and study artefacts which are discovered underwater. The training is tough. It requires years of hard work and practice. Right now, there are fewer than 200 underwater archaeologists in China. Underwater work, like many outdoor activities, depends greatly on the weather. The best time for underwater work is from May to November, because sea conditions are good during that period. However, this is also the typhoon (台风) season. Underwater archaeologists need to be patient and wait for the right moments. In 1987, a sunken ship named Nanhai One was discovered in the South China Sea. At that time, Chinese archaeologists were not fully prepared for the excavation (发掘). Later, Cui Yong, an underwater archaeologist, played a key role in the project. The ship, carrying over 180,000 artefacts, went down about 800 years ago while travelling from Quanzhou in China to the Indian Ocean. This makes it a key piece of evidence (证据) for studying the Maritime Silk Road (海上丝绸之路) and research on it has continued ever since. Now, underwater archaeology has developed greatly in China. Thanks to archaeologists like Cui, forgotten stories can now be brought to light again. 21．What is the main task of underwater archaeologists? A．To study ancient sea animals. B．To build new ships for sea travel. C．To teach people to stay underwater. D．To explore hidden underwater artefacts. 22．What does the underlined word “tough” most probably mean in English? A．Interesting. B．Challenging. C．Encouraging. D．Impossible. 23．Which of the following greatly influences underwater work? A．The number of archaeologists. B．The experience of the workers. C．The weather and sea conditions. D．The plants and animals in the sea. 24．Why is Nanhai One an important discovery? A．It was the largest ship ever built 800 years ago. B．It carried treasures from many different countries. C．It was the first ship discovered in the South China Sea. D．It offers key information for studying the Maritime Silk Road. 25．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Underwater archaeology in China B．Training of underwater archaeologists C．The life of an underwater archaeologist D．The surprising discovery of Nanhai One D ①For weeks, large wildfires spread through Los Angeles (洛杉矶). They burned down a large number of homes and many people lost their lives. As pictures of the fires spread across the internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe a fire would leave trees safe. “Is there a secret attack (袭击) on L. A．homes?” they asked. The answer is no. As many pictures show, trees can and do catch fire. ②But it’s true that some didn’t burn. Scientists say there is a simple explanation (解释) for that. ③It’s all about moisture. “It’s quite easy to understand,” said Miranda Hart, a biology teacher. “Trees are filled with plenty of water. Clearly, trees do burn when fires are big and hot enough. But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the way of the fire. In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree.” ④Besides, the tree type also matters. Certain trees catch fire more easily. Deciduous (落叶的) trees (trees losing their leaves every year), for example, are hard to burn. That’s because their leaves include more water. While for conifer trees (针叶树), things are different. ⑤In Los Angeles, palms (棕榈树) are everywhere. They are a symbol of the city. But palm trees, with their thin and hard leaves, are especially easy to spread fire because of their structure and type. So the government advised against planting more palms. Without proper care, these trees can burn and spread rapidly during wildfires and put the people nearby in danger. 26．Some people questioned the wildfires in Los Angeles because ________. A．They lasted much longer than usual. B．Unknown enemies attacked homes and cars. C．Some trees didn’t burn in the fires. D．Pictures of the fires spread across the internet. 27．What does the underlined word “moisture” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Environment. B．Wetness. C．Temperature. D．Height. 28．How would a fire pass through a tree full of water and dry things according to Hart? ◯a tree full of water    □a dry thing fire’s path (路径) A． B． C． D． 29．Which type of tree is easier to catch fire according to the text? A．Trees with thin and hard leaves. B．Trees which drop their leaves every year. C．Trees with plenty of water in their leaves. D．Trees that are taller than the others around. 30．Which of the following shows the best structure of this text? (①=Paragraph 1) A．①②//③④//⑤ B．①//②③④//⑤ C．①//②③//④⑤ D．①②//③//④⑤ E 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Protecting the Environment: Our Duty Protecting the environment is one of the most important things we can do for our planet. 31 It provides us with clean air, fresh water and safe food. Without a good environment, human beings can’t live happily. 32 For example, we can turn off the lights when we leave a room and take shorter showers to save water. These small actions can help us use fewer resources and reduce waste. We should also pay attention to reducing pollution. 33 When we go shopping, we can bring cloth bags instead of using plastic bags. Plastic bags are hard to break down and cause great harm to the environment. 34 Many animals lose their homes because of deforestation and pollution. By protecting the environment, we are also protecting the living places of these animals. It helps keep the balance of nature. How can we encourage more people to protect the environment? 35 We can also give speeches in our school or community to tell others about the importance of environmental protection. Let’s work together to make our planet better. A．Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. B．First, we should save water and electricity in daily life. C．We can start with small actions in our daily life. D．It’s important to protect wild animals and their habitats. E．Reducing plastic use is a simple way to protect the earth. F．Planting more trees can make the air cleaner. G．The environment is closely related to our daily life. 三．选词填空（10分） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词)，填入空白处。 try,  use,  do,  clean,  choose,  come,  shout,  find,  show,  play,  carry I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than others. When a reporter asked him why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all 36 from an experience when he was about three years old. “I 37 to get a bottle of milk from the fridge while my mum was cleaning the bedroom. Suddenly, I lost hold of the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was afraid and I didn’t know what 38 ,” he said. His mother heard the noise and came into the kitchen. Instead of 39 at him, she said,” Wow, Robert, what a great and beautiful mess you have made! Would you like 40 in it for a while? We 41 it up later.” “She turned this messy accident into a fun little game for me,” he said. After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, you have to clean it up. We can 42 a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He 43 a sponge and they cleaned up the spilled milk together. His mother then said, “It’s difficult for you 44 a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you 45 a way to carry it without dropping it. The scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes and he’d like to try a lot of things in different ways. 四．语法填空（10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wang Fangding, as one of the most important and excellent Chinese scientists, has got great 46 (achieve) in nuclear (核) physics and radiochemistry (放射化学). He helped solve the problems of nuclear testing, nuclear bombs (核弹) and nuclear waste (核废料). He has played 47 important role in China’s nuclear industry. His research has had a great influence 48 China’s development in science and technology and he has also taught many new successful scientists who learn a lot from him, including 49 (he) spirit. He was born in Shenyang, Liaoning Province in December, 1928. There were no good study conditions in his time like today’s, 50 he worked hard and entered Sichuan University. Since he graduated from the university in 1952, he has worked on nuclear science. Though the working conditions were also very hard, he with his team 51 (beat) many different difficulties and succeeded in developing our country’s science and technology. With their hard work, our country’s development of nuclear science and technology has been ahead of the world level and we own 52 (good) technology in many ways in the world. Like many Chinese scientists, he just works hard on our country’s development that is great enough 53 (shock) the world. Thank those who work hard-silently and protect us bravely instead of 54 (run) for money and fame. They are real idols 55 (real) worth our care and love. 五．阅读表达（10分） As we all know, Yuan Longping is famous as the father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻之父). He was born on September 7, 1930 in Chongqing, and died in Changsha on May 22, 2021. In November, 2020, he and his team set a new record. They grew a new kind of hybrid rice called “Sanyou No. 1”. Its yield (产量) can reach 1,500 kg per mu. That means a 1-mu field (田地) can feed (喂养) five people! When he was young, he saw lots of Chinese people starving (挨饿). He has tried hard to make sure everyone has enough to eat. To get closer to this goal (目标), he grew hybrid rice. Hybrid rice is very important for China. About one-fifth of the world’s people live in China. But China only has less than 9 percent of the world’s land. So the rice grown in China has to have a big yield. It has to have more grains (稻粒) in each plant. Its grains have to be bigger. It has to be strong so that we can grow it in deserts (沙漠), mountains, and snowy villages. Hybrid rice can take in water and nutrition (营养) from the ground better than other rice. It can take in sunlight better as well. All of these things help it grow bigger and taller. Its annual yield (年产量) is about 20 percent higher than that of other rice. “I had a dream. In my dream, rice plants grow as tall as sorghum (高粱), each ear of rice (稻穗) is as big as a broom (扫把), and each grain of rice is as huge as a peanut (花生).” Yuan once said. Isn’t that wonderful? Maybe the scientist’s dream will come true someday. Answer the questions according to the passage. 56．What is Yuan Longping famous as? 57．When and where did Yuan Longping die? 58．Did he and his team set a new record in November, 2020? 59．How much is hybrid rice’s annual yield (年产量) higher than that of other rice? 60．What do you think of Yuan Longping? 六．书面表达（10分） 61．在你的学习生涯中，一定有很多科学家给你留下了深刻的印象。屠呦呦教授是中国第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖项的科学家，她和她的团队发现的青蒿素拯救了全球数百万人的生命。请你根据以下要点，写一篇作文，介绍她的付出与收获。 Name Pain Solution Gain Tu Youyou 1. did many experiments 2. failed 190 times 1. didn’t give up 2. read old Chinese medical books 3. tried again 1. found artemisinin 2. In 2015, won the Nobel Prize. 要求：1．分享一下你从屠呦呦的故事中学到了什么。 2．包含以上所有要点，并适当发挥。 3．80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 No pain, no gain — The Story of Tu Youyou There is an old saying, “No pain, no gain”. Tu Youyou’s story perfectly shows us the meaning of this saying. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $