摘要:
**基本信息**
以现在进行时为核心,整合句型、语法、词汇及情景交际,通过规则口诀、易错辨析和分层练习构建系统性复习体系,提升语言应用与思维品质。
**综合设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|核心句型|练一练5题|特殊疑问句/一般疑问句结构及答句模式|从基本句型到变式应用,培养语言表达能力|
|核心语法|练一练8题|现在进行时结构、可数名词复数规则(有生命o加-es)、动词-ing双写规则|延续Unit7语法,新增细节规则,形成语法知识链|
|易错点汇总|专项练习4类|口诀记忆(如o结尾名词)、词汇辨析(cook/cooker)、语法易错点(be动词遗漏等)|针对高频错误,结合情景巩固,提升学习能力与思维严谨性|
内容正文:
译林版四年级下册英语Unit 8 In the kitchen重要语法知识点清单
(语法知识点·重点词汇·重点短语·重点句子·易错点汇总·易错题专项练习)
一、核心句型
1. What is/are + 主语 + doing?(某人正在做什么?)
答句:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式 + 其他.
- 单数主语:What is your mum doing?(你妈妈正在做什么?)
答句:She's cutting the potatoes.(她正在切土豆。)
- 复数主语:What are your parents doing?(你的父母正在做什么?)
答句:They're cooking dinner.(他们正在做晚饭。)
★缩写说明:What is = What's;What are = What're;She's = She is;They're = They are
补充知识点:
• 一般疑问句:Be动词(am/is/are) + 主语 + 动词-ing形式 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + be动词.
否定回答:No, 主语 + be动词 + not.
例句:Is your dad cooking meat? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
例句:Are you washing the tomatoes? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
2. Can I help?/Can I help you?(我能帮忙吗?)
答句:Yes. + 具体指令. / No, thanks.
例句:— Can I help, Mum?(妈妈,我能帮忙吗?)
— Yes. Wash the tomatoes, please.(可以,请把西红柿洗了。)
3. How's the + 食物?(这道菜/食物怎么样?)
答句:It's + 形容词(delicious/nice/great等).
例句:— How's the chicken?(鸡肉怎么样?)
— It's delicious.(很美味。)
4. What are you cooking?(你正在做什么菜?)
答句:I'm cooking + 食物名称.
例句:— What are you cooking, Dad?(爸爸,你正在做什么菜?)
— I'm cooking Kung Pao Chicken.(我正在做宫保鸡丁。)
练一练:
按要求改写句子
1.My mother is cutting the potatoes.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ your mother ______?
2.I'm washing the tomatoes.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ you ______?
3.He is cooking fish soup.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ cooking fish soup?
4.They are making jiaozi in the kitchen.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ they ______ in the kitchen?
5.The soup is nice.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the soup?
二、核心语法
1. 现在进行时(单元核心语法,延续Unit7)
表示厨房中正在发生的动作,结构仍为:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式
Unit8新增动词-ing示例:
cut → cutting;cook → cooking;wash → washing;make → making;take → taking
2. 可数名词复数特殊变化(本单元新增重点)
以"o"结尾的有生命名词,变复数时加"-es"
示例:potato → potatoes(土豆);tomato → tomatoes(西红柿)
拓展:hero → heroes(英雄);mango → mangoes(芒果)
对比:无生命名词加"-s":photo → photos(照片);piano → pianos(钢琴)
3. 动词-ing形式变化规则补充
以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词:双写末尾辅音字母,再加-ing
Unit8重点示例:cut → cutting(切)
同类回顾:run → running;swim → swimming;sit → sitting
练一练:
用所给单词适当形式填空
1.My dad is ______ (cook) Kung Pao Chicken now.
2.Look! My sister ______ (wash) the dishes in the kitchen.
3.I can help you ______ (cut) the carrots.
4.There are two ______ (tomato) on the table.
5.Listen! Mum ______ (make) tomato and egg soup.
6.— What are you doing? — I'm ______ (get) a dish for Dad.
7.How many ______ (potato) do we need?
8.Be careful! You ______ (cut) your finger.
三、其它语法小知识点
1. 厨房帮忙交际句型
适用场景:主动提出帮忙、回应他人请求
① 主动帮忙:Can I help you? / Let me help you.
例句:Let me get a dish for you.(让我给你拿个盘子。)
② 回应请求:OK, Mum. / No problem.
例句:— Wash the vegetables, please.(请把蔬菜洗了。)
— No problem.(没问题。)
2. 食物评价句型
① 正面评价:It's delicious/nice/great.
例句:The fish soup is great.(鱼汤很棒。)
② 表达期待:I can't wait!(我等不及了!)
3. 厨房安全提示
本单元重点强调:Be careful in the kitchen.(在厨房要小心。)
核心安全规则:使用刀具、燃气灶时要小心;做饭时不要离开厨房;防止汤水溢出熄灭火焰。
练一练:
1.I can help you ______ (make) dinner.(用所给词适当形式填空)
2.My grandma ______ (cook) noodles now.(用所给词适当形式填空)
3.— Can I help you? — ______.(写出肯定答句,要求带具体指令)
4.— How's the tomato and egg soup? — ______.(写出正面评价答句)
四、重点词汇
A.核心词汇
1.kitchen 厨房 2.milk 牛奶 3.tomato 番茄,西红柿
4.potato 马铃薯,土豆 5.chicken 鸡肉 6.egg 鸡蛋
7.cut 切,割 8.meat 肉 9.soup 汤
10.birthday 生日 11.really 十分,非常 12.get 去取
13.wait 等待 14.cook 烹饪;厨师 15.dish 盘子;菜肴
B.其它词汇
1.*careful 小心的 2.*fire 火 3.*knife 刀
4.*vegetable 蔬菜 5.*step 步骤 6.*delicious 美味的
7.*noodle 面条 8.*jiaozi 饺子 9.*fish 鱼 10.*safe 安全的
五、重点短语
1.cut the potatoes 切土豆 2.wash the tomatoes 洗西红柿
3.cook Kung Pao Chicken 做宫保鸡丁 4.make fish soup 做鱼汤
5.get a dish 拿盘子 6.cook dinner 做晚饭
7.tomato and egg soup 西红柿鸡蛋汤 8.help in the kitchen 在厨房帮忙
9.cook meat with potatoes 土豆炖肉 10.be careful 小心
11.I can't wait! 我等不及了! 12.have a happy dinner 吃一顿开心的晚餐
13.cook noodles 煮面条 14.make jiaozi 包饺子
15.wash the vegetables 洗菜 16.set the table 摆餐具
六、重点句子
1.Are you cooking dinner, Mum? 妈妈,你正在做晚饭吗?
2.Yes, I am. I'm cutting the potatoes. 是的,我正在切土豆。
3.You're busy. Can I help? 你很忙,我能帮忙吗?
4.Yes. Wash the tomatoes, please. 可以,请把西红柿洗了。
5.Are you cooking meat, Dad? 爸爸,你正在做肉吗?
6.Yes. I'm cooking Kung Pao Chicken. 是的,我正在做宫保鸡丁。
7.Great! I can't wait! 太棒了!我等不及了!
8.Let me get a dish for you. 让我给你拿个盘子。
9.How's the chicken, Taotao? 涛涛,鸡肉怎么样?
10.It's delicious, Dad. You're a great cook! 很美味,爸爸。你是个很棒的厨师!
11.Have some tomato and egg soup, Dad and Mum. 爸爸妈妈,喝点西红柿鸡蛋汤吧。
12.It's Dad's birthday today. I can cook fish soup for him! 今天是爸爸的生日,我可以给他做鱼汤!
13.Be careful in the kitchen. 在厨房要小心。
14.We're busy but happy when we cook together. 我们一起做饭时虽然忙碌但很开心。
七、单元易错点汇总
1. 可数名词复数特殊变化易错
- 错误:potatos, tomatos
- 正确:potatoes, tomatoes
- 口诀:有生命o结尾加-es,无生命o结尾加-s
2. 动词-ing形式双写规则易错
- 错误:cuting
- 正确:cutting
- 规则:重读闭音节(辅+元+辅)结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音再加-ing
3. 易混淆词汇:cook vs cooker
- 错误:My father is a good cooker.
- 正确:My father is a good cook.
- 辨析:cook n.厨师 v.烹饪;cooker n.炊具
4. 现在进行时结构遗漏be动词
- 错误:I cooking rice.
- 正确:I am cooking rice.
- 提醒:现在进行时必须同时有"be动词"和"动词-ing",缺一不可
5. 不可数名词误用复数
- 错误:two milks, three meats
- 正确:two glasses of milk, three pieces of meat
- 本单元不可数名词:milk, meat, soup, chicken(鸡肉), rice
6. 情景交际答句不规范
- 错误:— Can I help? — Yes.
- 正确:— Can I help? — Yes. Wash the apples, please.
- 提醒:肯定回答需给出具体指令,否定回答用"No, thanks."
7. 反身代词用法易错
- 错误:Be careful! You may cut you.
- 正确:Be careful! You may cut yourself.
- 辨析:yourself 你自己(反身代词),用于动作作用于主语本身
易错题专项练习
一、单项选择
1. ( ) — What ______ your grandma doing?
— She ______ making tomato and egg soup.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are
2. ( ) I want to buy three ______ and some ______.
A. tomatos; milk B. tomatoes; milks C. tomatoes; milk
3. ( ) My mother is a good ______. She can ______ delicious food.
A. cooker; cook B. cook; cook C. cook; cooker
4. ( ) — Can I help you clean the table?
— ______
A. Yes, you can. B. No, I can't. C. Yes. Thank you.
5. ( ) Be careful with the knife. Don't cut ______.
A. you B. your C. yourself
6. ( ) Look! The boy ______ the potatoes in the kitchen.
A. cut B. is cuting C. is cutting
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
1. My sister is good at ______ (cut) vegetables.
2. How many ______ (potato) do we need for the soup?
3. My father is a great ______ (cook). He ______ (cook) fish soup every weekend.
4. — What are you doing? — I ______ (wash) the dishes.
5. I want to drink two ______ (glass) of milk.
6. Let me ______ (get) a bowl for you.
7. Listen! They ______ (talk) about the delicious food.
8. There is some ______ (meat) on the plate.
三、句型转换
1. My mother is cooking noodles.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ your mother ______?
2. He is making jiaozi.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
— ______ ______ making jiaozi?
— ______, ______ ______.
3. The fish soup is very delicious.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the fish soup?
4. I can help you wash the tomatoes.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ help me wash the tomatoes?
四、情景交际(根据情景写句子)
1. 你看到爸爸在厨房忙着做饭,想主动帮忙,可以说:
2. 你想知道妈妈正在做什么菜,可以说:
3. 同学问你能不能帮忙摆餐具,你同意并回应,可以说:
4. 你提醒正在切菜的同学小心一点,可以说:
答案
一、核心句型练一练
1.What is; doing 2.What are; doing 3.Is he
4.What are; doing 5.How is
二、核心语法练一练
1.cooking 2.is washing 3.cut/to cut 4.tomatoes
5.is making 6.getting 7.potatoes 8.will cut
三、其它语法小知识点练一练
1.make/to make 2.is cooking 3.Yes. Cut the carrots, please.(答案不唯一)
4.It's delicious.(答案不唯一)
单元易错题专项练习答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. A 解析:本题考查易错点4(现在进行时遗漏be动词)。主语your grandma和she都是第三人称单数,be动词用is。
2. C 解析:本题考查易错点1(可数名词复数特殊变化)和易错点5(不可数名词误用复数)。tomato复数是tomatoes;milk是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
3. B 解析:本题考查易错点3(cook与cooker的辨析)。cook作名词意为"厨师",作动词意为"烹饪";cooker意为"炊具"。
4. C 解析:本题考查易错点6(情景交际答句不规范)。回应他人主动帮忙,肯定回答用"Yes. Thank you.",否定回答用"No, thanks."。
5. C 解析:本题考查易错点7(反身代词用法)。cut yourself 割到你自己,反身代词用于动作作用于主语本身。
6. C 解析:本题考查易错点2(动词-ing形式双写规则)。cut的现在分词是cutting;Look!提示用现在进行时。
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
1. cutting 解析:本题考查易错点2(动词-ing形式双写规则)。be good at后接动词-ing形式,cut的现在分词是cutting。
2. potatoes 解析:本题考查易错点1(可数名词复数特殊变化)。How many后接可数名词复数,potato复数是potatoes。
3. cook; cooks 解析:本题考查易错点3(cook与cooker的辨析)。第一空cook作名词"厨师";第二空cook作动词,主语he是第三人称单数,用cooks。
4. am washing 解析:本题考查易错点4(现在进行时遗漏be动词)。现在进行时结构为"主语+be动词+动词-ing",主语I对应的be动词是am。
5. glasses 解析:本题考查易错点5(不可数名词误用复数)。表示"两杯牛奶"用two glasses of milk,glass复数是glasses。
6. get 解析:Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事,用动词原形。
7. are talking 解析:本题考查易错点4(现在进行时遗漏be动词)。Listen!提示用现在进行时,主语they对应的be动词是are。
8. meat 解析:本题考查易错点5(不可数名词误用复数)。meat是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
三、句型转换
1. What is; doing 解析:本题考查易错点4(现在进行时的提问)。对正在做的事情提问用"What is/are + 主语 + doing?"。
2. Is he; No; he isn't 解析:本题考查易错点4(现在进行时的一般疑问句)。将be动词is提前,否定回答用"No, 主语+be动词+not."。
3. How is 解析:对食物的味道提问用"How is/are + 食物?"。
4. Can you 解析:含有情态动词can的句子变一般疑问句,将can提前,第一人称I变为第二人称you。
四、情景交际
1. You're busy, Dad. Can I help? / Let me help you, Dad.(答案不唯一)
2. What are you cooking, Mum?(答案不唯一)
3. OK. No problem. / Sure.(答案不唯一)
4. Be careful! Don't cut yourself.(答案不唯一)
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