Unit 5 作文讲义 关爱动物 2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语讲义围绕“关爱动物”主题，通过“话题解读—框架提纲—短语句型—写前训练”的递进结构构建知识体系，以提纲式框架（Step 1-3）梳理写作步骤，模块划分（开头/正文/结尾）呈现濒危现状、保护措施等重难点，清晰展现知识内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“分层式练习设计”，如词句操练（根据汉语完成句子）、句子翻译（“保护动物就是保护我们自己”）及段落排序，结合句型解析（如“Only when”倒装句）提升语言能力，通过分析原因、提出措施培养思维品质。基础题夯实基础，综合题拓展能力，支持学生自主复习，助力教师实施精准分层教学。

关爱动物 一、话题解读——审主题 动物是我们人类的朋友，它们和我们共同生活在同一个星球上，我们应该照顾和保护它们。但人类的活动影响了它们基本的生存条件。许多动物，特别是一些珍稀动物，缺少食物，栖息地也变得越来越少。我们人类应该尽己所能，以保护动物、保护生态平衡，例如：不要过度捕杀动物、为珍稀动物建造自然保护区。其实，保护动物就是保护我们人类自身。 1. 开头：说明动物濒危的现状与主要原因 ① 描述濒危现状 (1) `With the development of the world, many wild animals are in great danger.` 译文：随着世界的发展，许多野生动物处于极大的危险之中。 解析：重点句型：`With... + 主系表结构`；重点短语：`in great danger`。 (2) `It is a pity that the number of some animals is getting smaller and smaller.` 译文：令人遗憾的是，一些动物的数量正变得越来越少。 解析：重点句型：`It is a pity that...从句`；重点短语：`the number of`。 ② 分析主要原因 (1) `People cut down too many trees, which causes animals to lose their habitats.` 译文：人们砍伐了太多的树木，这导致动物们失去了栖息地。 解析：重点句型：`which`引导的非限制性定语从句；重点短语：`cut down`。 (2) `Some people hunt animals for their meat and fur.` 译文：一些人为了获取肉和皮毛而猎杀动物。 解析：重点句型：`for`表示目的的介词短语；重点短语：`hunt animals`。 2. 正文：列举具体保护措施与环保意义 ① 提出保护措施 (1) `We should stop polluting the environment and give animals a clean home.` 译文：我们应该停止污染环境，给动物一个干净的家。 解析：重点句型：`should do sth.`表建议；重点短语：`stop doing sth.` (2) `It is necessary to build more nature reserves to protect endangered animals.` 译文：建立更多的自然保护区对保护濒危动物很有必要。 解析：重点句型：`It is + adj. + to do sth.`；重点短语：`nature reserves`。 ② 强调环保意义 (1) `There is no doubt that humans can’t survive without animals.` 译文：毫无疑问，没有动物人类将无法生存。 解析：重点句型：`There is no doubt that...`句型；重点短语：`survive without`。 (2) `Keeping the balance of nature is very important for us.` 译文：保持自然界的平衡对我们来说至关重要。 解析：重点句型：动名词作主语；重点短语：`the balance of nature`。 3. 结尾：表达个人决心与呼吁 ① 表达个人决心 (1) `I firmly refuse to buy anything made of endangered animals.` 译文：我坚决拒绝购买任何由濒危动物制成的物品。 解析：重点句型：过去分词短语作后置定语；重点短语：`refuse to do sth.` (2) `I am willing to join the wildlife protection club to do my part.` 译文：我愿意加入野生动物保护俱乐部来尽我的一份力量。 解析：重点句型：`be willing to do sth.`；重点短语：`do one's part` ② 发出倡议呼吁 (1) `Only when everyone tries their best can animals be safe.` 译文：只有当每个人都尽力时，动物们才能安全。 解析：重点句型：`Only when`引导的部分倒装句；重点短语：`try one's best` (2) `It is high time that we took action to protect our animal friends.` 译文：是时候让我们行动起来保护动物朋友了。 解析：重点句型：`It is high time that + 虚拟语气`；重点短语：`take action` 4. 经典名句：升华主题的高级句型与谚语 ① 强调相互依存关系 (1) `To protect wildlife is to protect the future of human beings ourselves.` 译文：保护野生动物就是保护人类自己的未来。 解析：重点句型：不定式短语作主语和表语；重点短语：`human beings` (2) `All things are connected, and hurting animals will eventually hurt us.` 译文：万物皆有联系，伤害动物最终会伤害我们自己。 解析：重点句型：**并列复合句**；重点短语：`be connected`。 ② 呼吁采取紧急行动 (1) `Do not fail to do good even if it's small.` 译文：勿以善小而不为。 解析：重点句型：**祈使句及even if引导的让步状语从句**；重点短语：`fail to do`。 (2) `Actions speak louder than words, so let's start saving animals right now.` 译文：行动胜于空谈，让我们现在就开始拯救动物。 解析：重点句型：so连接的因果并列句；重点短语：`speak louder than`。 范文欣赏 Tigers are lovely animals in my eyes. Actually, I think that tigers are one of the most well-known animals in the world. But now the amount of tigers is reducing, and they are considered as one of the most threatened animal species in the world. Like many other beautiful wild animals, tigers are endangered. There are several causes of this problem. For one thing, many wild animals have been killed by hunters to make money. For another, people have destroyed and greatly reduced their habitats, so animals have no place to live in. What’s worse, they don’t have enough food to eat. We must think of ways to protect wild animals. We should build more wild animal nature reserves and stop people from hunting. I hope everyone can do something for animals, so that we can keep our world colourful and full of lovely animals. 二、话题框架——列提纲 Step 1：介绍并描述自己所喜爱却濒临灭绝的一种动物。 Step 2：分析一些动物濒临灭绝的原因，并提出保护动物的具体措施。 Step 3：呼吁人们一起保护动物。 三、话题短语和亮点句型——加内容 A. 话题短语 1. keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 2. human beings 人类 3. make laws 制定法律 4. stop people from killing the rare wild animals 阻止人们捕杀稀有的野生动物 5. realize the importance of protecting wild animals 认识到保护野生动物的重要性 6. live on bamboo leaves 以竹叶为食 7. have less and less land to live on 可供居住的土地越来越少 8. make money 赚钱 9. the number of wild animals 野生动物的数量 10. die out 灭绝 11. cut down trees 砍伐树木 12. find new places to live in 寻找新的地方居住 13. in this process 在这个过程当中 14. endanger the life of rare wild animals 危及珍稀野生动物的生命 15. a threat to wild animals 对野生动物的威胁 16. take action to change the condition 采取行动改变这种状况 17. by protecting the environment 通过保护环境 18. establish more nature reserves 建立更多的自然保护区 19. as long as we work together 只要我们共同努力 20. the abuse of pesticide 滥用农药 21. have a good living environment 有一个良好的生存环境 22. hunt illegally 非法捕猎 23. be saved from extinction 避免/远离灭绝 24. arouse people’s consciousness 唤醒人们的意识 25. destroy the living conditions 破坏生存条件 26. hundreds of species 上百种物种 27. be endangered 濒临灭绝 # 濒危原因 - cutting down forests 砍伐森林 - agricultural expansion 农业扩张 - loss of home 栖息地丧失 - environmental pollution 环境污染 - illegal hunting/poaching 非法捕猎/盗猎 - human activities 人类活动 - be hunted/killed for tusks/fur 因象牙/皮毛而被猎杀 B. 亮点句型 1. The disappearance of any species is the loss of natural beauty. 任何物种的消失都是自然美景的损失。 2. They live on the same planet as us human beings. 它们和我们人类一起住在同一个星球上。 3. The number of wild animals is becoming smaller and smaller. 野生动物的数量越来越少。 4. Because human activities destroy the environment in which animals live. 因为人类的一些活动破坏了动物们赖以生存的环境。 5. Many wild animals have already died out, and hundreds of species become endangered every day. 许多野生动物已经灭绝，每天上百种物种濒临灭绝。 6. If animals can’t find enough plants to eat, they will starve or have to leave the place. 如果动物找不到足够的植物来吃，它们就会饿死或被迫离开这个地方。 7. There is still a long way to go to save wild animals. 拯救野生动物还有很长的路要走。 8. Very few animals will attack people if they are left alone. 如果人不干扰动物，很少有动物会攻击人。 9. Something must be done to protect the wild animals. 我们必须采取措施保护野生动物。 10. Protecting animals is protecting ourselves. 保护动物就是保护我们自己。 四、写前训练——备词句 I. 词句操练 A. 根据括号中的汉语意思完成句子。 (1) ______（野生动物的数量）is becoming smaller and smaller in our country. Some of them are even (2) ______（灭绝）. The dangerous actions we human beings have done are as follows: We have been (3) ______（砍伐树木）to build houses, which destroyed the home of animals, so they have to (4) ______（寻找新的地方居住）. (5) ______（在这个过程当中）some of them died in the new environment. The abuse of pesticide has also been(6) ______________________（危及野生动物的生命）. In addition, in order to earn money, people have been (7) ______（杀害稀有的野生动物）. Now that we have realized that our behaviour is (8) ______（对野生动物的威胁）, we should (9) ______（采取行动改变这种状况）: We should protect the wild animals (10) ______（通过保护它们居住的环境）. At the same time, we should (11) ______（建立更多的自然保护区）for the wild animals. I believe (12) ______（只要我们共同努力）to protect the wild animals, our world will be more and more colourful. B. 将下列句子翻译成英语。 1. 许多野生动物正面临灭绝的危险，因为它们生活的环境发生了巨大变化。 ____________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们应该意识到任何物种的消失都是自然美景的损失，所以保护我们赖以生存的环境是多么重要。 ____________________________________________________________________ 3. 我认为，我们并非独自生活在世界上，保护动物就是保护我们自己。 ____________________________________________________________________ 4. 我们可以开展各种活动来唤起人们保护野生动物的意识。 ____________________________________________________________________ 5. 我认为我们的政府应该采取措施严惩那些杀害野生动物的人。保护濒危动物是我们的责任。 ____________________________________________________________________ 6. 我相信，如果采取正确的行动来保护动物，许多动物都可以远离灭绝。 ____________________________________________________________________ 7. 熊猫是濒危动物之一，它们生活在森林中，以竹叶为食。 ____________________________________________________________________ 8. 人们已经意识到了这个问题，即缺乏对濒危动植物的保护。 ____________________________________________________________________ 9. 每个人都知道保护野生动物的重要性。 ____________________________________________________________________ 10. 我认为政府已经采取了一些措施来保护动物，比如制定法律和建立自然保护区。 ____________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ. 段落操练 将下列句子排成一篇文理通顺的短文。 1. But because of our lack of understanding of the importance of protecting animals, some animals are in danger. 2. There are many kinds of animals in the world. They live on the same planet as us. 3. How to protect them? 4. In fact, animals are our friends, so we should protect them. 5. I think we must stop killing animals, especially the rare animals. 6. Secondly, we should protect the environment they live in. 7. More importantly, we should let more and more people know the importance of protecting animals and how to protect them. 8. We should make the sky blue and the grass green to give animals a comfortable place to live in. 9. I hope everyone can love and protect our friends—animals. 排序后的正确顺序是：________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $