期末复习必考题型专项训练 阅读还原（考点覆盖八大话题）-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 聚焦期末高频话题，通过8大考向系统训练阅读还原能力，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考向汇总|8个主题|话题覆盖业余活动、健康安全等核心领域|按学生生活逻辑递进，从个人到社会| |考题实战|32篇短文|七选五/六选五题型，选项含多余项|每考向4篇文本，由浅入深考查语篇衔接|

期末必考题 阅读还原专项训练 ◇Part 01 考向汇总 范围 考向 内容 Unit 1 - Unit 8 考向一 考查话题：业余、休闲、放松活动 考向二 考查话题：保持健康、安全，缓解释放情绪 考向三 考查话题：情绪管理与成长 考向四 考查话题：自然奇观 考向五 考查话题：防灾救灾、互相帮助 考向六 考查话题：跨文化交流、互相尊重 考向七 考查话题：读好书、学道理 考向八 考查话题：志愿服务，构建和谐美好社会 ◇Part 02 考题实战 考向一、业余、休闲、放松活动 01 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题纸的相应位置上。 Hobbies are more than just fun things to do. They are important for our health in many ways. 1 Physical hobbies like hiking, skiing or playing basketball are great for our bodies. They make us strong and help us stay healthy. They can also lower stress after busy school days. Some hobbies are creative. Painting, writing or playing music lets us show our feelings. 2 When we finish a painting or write a story, we feel good about ourselves. Not all hobbies are good for us. 3 Playing computer games for too long can hurt our eyes and make us sleep badly. We may also feel lonely because we stay home alone. So, what are good hobbies? First, choose something you enjoy. 4 If you try it and don’t like it, you can always change to something new. Second, try outdoor activities. Being in nature helps us relax. 5 You can make new friends and have fun together. Hobbies make our free time colorful. They help us grow as people. So find a hobby and enjoy it! A．Don’t worry if you are not good at it at first. B．Some hobbies use too much screen time. C．Hobbies can help our bodies and minds. D．It also makes us feel more confident. E．Taking a walk with friends is a perfect example. F．You can try indoor activities when it rains. G．Many students like to watch TV in their free time. 02 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A hobby is an activity that a person enjoys doing in his or her free time. Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. 6 They Help You Learn 7 You have to look through websites and read magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. You also have to learn something new. More reading like this makes you a better reader and a better learner. 8 For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery (陶艺) , you have to use your brain as well as your hands. We learn by doing things and by touching things. These kinds of activities make people become more creative. They Help You Be Relaxed Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy.” When we feel happy, 9 Too much stress is bad for people. It can make people sick. They Help You Build Skills People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems. 10 For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to find a good job when they grow up. A．They Help You Be Strong B．But how do hobbies help people? C．When you have a hobby, you learn new things. D．we have less stress. E．They Help You Be Creative F．you have new friends. G．Learning these skills can help you when you grow up. 03 阅读短文，从短文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。(选项中有一项多余) A hobby is a way to learn skills. Some people don’t realize that doing something enjoyable can bring them pleasure. How can we develop our own hobbies? 11 ★Think of what you liked as a child. Do you regret (后悔) stopping learning the piano when you were ten? 12 Maybe you wish you could learn it again. So try picking it up again. ★ 13 Did you ever notice one of your friends’ hobbies? When you see a friend drawing and you want to do it too, have a try. 14 That’s because doing something together will keep both of you active (活跃的). ★Try to keep your hobbies. 15 But later, you will fall in love with it. So don’t ask your parents to buy much equipment (设备) or one-year classes at once. You should find out if it is right for you. When you really love it, maybe you can develop it as your hobby. A．Join some clubs. B．Take up a new hobby with your friends. C．Now you get a chance to try again. D．The following ways may help. E．Just ask your friends if you can join them. F．Maybe you are not interested in an activity at first. 04 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Why Hobbies Are Important Do you have a hobby? Many people do. Hobbies are activities we do in our free time. 16 Here are some reasons why hobbies are good for us. First, hobbies help us relax. After a long day at school, it’s nice to do something we enjoy. 17 It takes our minds off homework and tests. Second, hobbies help us learn new skills. When you take up a new hobby, you learn to do new things. 18 You learn to be patient and keep trying. Third, hobbies help us make friends. 19 You can meet people who like the same things as you. You can share ideas and help each other. 20 They make our life more interesting and fun. So find a hobby you love and enjoy it! A．Finally, hobbies bring us joy. B．They give us a break from work and study. C．If you like sports, you can play with your friends. D．For example, if you like painting, you can join an art club. E．Reading a book or listening to music can make us feel calm. F．For example, if you learn to play the guitar, you have to practice every day. 考向二、保持健康、安全，缓解释放情绪 05 阅读下面短文，从短文后框内的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Do you think it’s important to learn first aid? 21 First, let’s take a look at an example of low blood sugar (低血糖). Kelly is a nurse and Byrne is a firefighter and paramedic (护理人员). Last year, they flew to Florida. During the trip, they saw a woman fall down and lose consciousness (意识). 22 , so they got some sugar water and fed it to her slowly. After a while, the woman came to life. 23 They may feel so hungry that they can’t move by themselves. Some of them can’t help shaking (发抖) and even pass out. The best way to help these people is to give them some sweet food. If that doesn’t work, call 120 as soon as possible. Next, let’s look at another case—choking (窒息). Laura, a mother of a two-year-old girl named Bryony, once had a scary moment. One day, Bryony was eating chicken when she suddenly choked. 24 Finally, the chicken came out, and Bryony was safe. 25 It is important to learn first aid to keep safe. A．Luckily, Laura is a teacher and she knows what to do. B．The following cases (实例) can give you the answer. C．Here are the steps for first aid when someone is choking. D．They soon found the woman had low blood sugar E．Then, what symptoms (症状) might someone with low blood sugar have? F．In a word, learning these first-aid skills can help us deal with emergencies (突发事件) well. 06 根据材料内容，从下面六个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Dengue Fever (登革热) Dengue fever is a serious disease caused by a virus. It is mainly spread by mosquito (蚊子) bites. 26 As the weather gets warmer, mosquitoes become more active. High temperatures make mosquitoes grow and multiply (繁殖) quickly. That is why dengue becomes more common in hot seasons. 27 Only mosquitoes can carry it to people. People with dengue usually have a fever, headaches, and pain in muscles and joints. 28 It may cause serious bleeding, organ damage, and can even be life-threatening. So we must take it seriously. To protect ourselves, we should do two main things. First, we must clean up standing water (积水) around us, such as in flower pots, old bottles, buckets and boxes. 29 Second, when we go out, we can wear long-sleeved clothes, long trousers and use mosquito repellent (防蚊液) to keep mosquitoes away. If everyone takes simple but useful actions in daily life, we can greatly reduce the risk of dengue. 30 A．This stops mosquitoes from laying eggs. B．However, dengue can become very serious. C．Small changes in daily life can keep us safe. D．Staying away from mosquitoes is the best way. E．It cannot be spread directly from person to person. F．In recent years, it has become a big health problem. 07 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you feel down more often in winter? If so, you might have seasonal affective disorder (SAD, 季节性情绪失调). 31 It is also known as “winter depression (抑郁)” because it usually happens in winter. However, some people with SAD may also feel down during the summer and feel better in the winter. Besides feeling sad, people with SAD may also lose interest in everyday activities. 32 It can also be difficult for them to focus. Scientists still don’t know the reason behind SAD．But it’s often linked (连接) to less sunlight during the shorter autumn and winter days, the UK National Health Service (NHS) said. 33 This can influence (影响) your hormones (荷尔蒙) and body clock. All of these things make you feel blue. 34 Getting more sunlight and exercising are good ways to deal with SAD．“Light therapy (疗法)”, or using special lamps at home to stimulate (激发) natural light can also help. 35 A．Not getting enough sunlight might make a part of the brain not work well. B．SAD is a kind of depression (抑郁) that comes and goes with the seasons. C．Many people feel happier when they spend time with friends. D．There are some good ways to help people with SAD． E．But if you still feel very sad, you should go to a doctor. F．They may sleep a lot and find it hard to get up in the morning. G．People should stay inside when they feel sad. 08 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 Do you have a sore throat, a runny nose and a headache? Do you keep coughing and sneezing? If you do, you probably have a cold or the flu, but which one? 36 Colds, which usually last about a week, make the most difference to the nose. They usually cause a runny nose and sneezes. 37 Sometimes, they result in a headache, coughs and some aching problems. 38 People with flu usually get all the problems above. However, they also get a high fever, a dry cough and much worse aches. The problem also lasts much longer. Sometimes you can’t get better for at least two weeks. Flu can be a terrible thing. The old, who are less healthy than most young people, can die from flu. 39 The injection (注射) is necessary and can truly save them. Try not to touch your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. 40 If you catch a cold or the flu, go to bed for a while. Doing what we tell you will help you get better. Drink lots of water and stay in a warm, well-ventilated (通风条件好的) room. If you have a headache, take some medicine. And it’s a good idea to cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze. A．Wash your hands after cleaning your nose. B．What’s worse, you may have to open your mouth to breathe. C．Today, we will talk about the causes of these two kinds of illnesses. D．Flu is much more serious and results from different groups of viruses. E．So old people should have a flu injection before winter when flu is most common. F．Although both colds and flu result from viruses, they are different in some ways. G．Go to see a doctor at once. 考向三、情绪管理与成长 09 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Growing up is not always easy. Sometimes we face problems and feel stressed. But there are good ways to deal with these feelings. 41 Talk to someone. When you feel worried, don’t keep it inside. 42 They can give you advice and make you feel better. Try new hobbies. Hobbies are great for relaxing. 43 It can help you forget your worries and feel happy. 44 Moving your body is a great way to reduce stress. Even a short walk can help. When you exercise, your body makes you feel happy. Learn to say “no”. You don’t have to do everything for everyone. 45 It’s okay to have time for yourself. Growing up takes time. Be patient with yourself and enjoy the journey! A．Exercise more. B．Talk to your parents or friends. C．It’s bad to keep your feelings inside. D．If you are too busy, it’s fine to say no. E．Try to find something you enjoy doing. F．Here are some simple ways to help you. G．Sleeping well can also help you feel less stressed. 10 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 How to beat sadness We all have days when we are down, tired and unhappy. That’s OK. You need days like this, or how would you know you are happy? You’ll enjoy your good days even more when you have a few bad days. Even if sadness is a part of life, 46 Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad. ★ Stand up straight and this helps your energy flow. 47 , you can flow too. ★ Smile! It’s easy to do and has good results. This way can not only leave you in a good mood (心情) but also bring others a good mood. ★ Listen to music 48 Some kinds of music work better than others, so try and find out what kind of music works the best for you. ★ Take some “me” time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching a sunrise or having a hot bath, or something like that. ★ 49 Even something as simple as taking a walk will get your blood (血) flowing. It is a great way to clear your mind of anything that makes you sad. These ways will cheer you up (使你振作) when you are down, 50 Try and practise them every day to make them a habit. You will be surprised to learn that these simple ways will keep your sadness away. But if you are in a deep depression (沮丧), go to see a doctor. A．It can be your favourite music. B．All kinds of music are the same. C．Reading books always makes you relax. D．but don’t just use them when you are sad. E．let’s try to make it small. F．When your energy is flowing freely G．Do some exercise. 11 阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Maybe your little brother got into your room and played with your toys without letting you know. 51 All these things might make you angry! However, being angry can sometimes be a good thing. When kids feel something unfair, being angry can help them stand up for themselves. 52 However, don’t lose control if you get angry. Taking it out on others never solves anything. Instead, try to make out (弄清) why you are angry. What can you do to keep the situation from happening again? If your homework is too hard, don’t make a hole (洞) in your notebook. 53 They may give you good advice. 54 For example, if you talk about anger, those bad feelings usually start to go away. Never getting angry is impossible. You should remember how you act can make the situation better or worse. 55 Instead, you should learn to control it! A．Don’t let anger control you. B．Many things may make you angry. C．It’s not so difficult to deal with anger. D．Ask your teachers or parents for help. E．Your teachers just gave you some difficult homework. F．Being angry also helps to talk about your anger with your parents or teachers. 12 根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、完整。选项中有一项为多余选项。 From time to time, you may suffer from being overwhelmed (难以承受的). You may feel disappointed, sad, hurt or even helpless. 56 Here is some advice to help you. Know your feelings. It can be hard sometimes to find the right words to express what you’re feeling. The Feelings Wheel can help. 57 Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the center. This can help you get clear what you’re feeling. Accept what you feel. It is okay to feel lonely; it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. 58 There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way. Many of us do too, at different points in our lives. Make a list. Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do. Perhaps there is too much to study, or you may have a long to-do list when organising a birthday party. 59 Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency (紧迫性). You will feel calmer when you finish the list — you would have control over the tasks and yourself! Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice. 60 Learn what works best for you. You only have one YOU! A．Be in touch with yourself. B．Start from the inside and move out. C．Sit down and find out what comes first. D．Write down the things that need to get done. E．Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easy. F．It is quite natural when humans are facing stress.    考向四、自然奇观 13 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 The Yellow River is more than 5,464 kilometres long. It is the second longest river in China. 61 The Yellow River starts from the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai Province. 62 Finally, it runs into the Bohai Sea. Whenever you want to enjoy the Yellow River, it is always beautiful. I was born and grew up in Linfen, Shanxi, a city near the Fen River, a main branch of the Yellow River. Our city has carried out the activity “Love Linfen, Win the Future” to protect rivers and the environment. 63 In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It’s the best time to see the Fen River on the bridge. It looks like a huge dragon, truly amazing. 64 In the evening, people take walks in Fenhe Park by the river. The green trees and clean riversides make our city more beautiful. The Yellow River never stops feeding the land and people with its long and huge body. 65 . A．At noon, the sun shines brightly on the clear water. B．It runs through nine provinces from west to east. C．I am proud of the Yellow River, our great mother river! D．Now, the water becomes clearer and the environment gets better. E．The Yellow River is wider than many other rivers in Asia. F．It is also the mother river of China. 14 阅读短文，从A-F中选出最佳选项填入短文空白，有一项多余。 Waterfalls are one of the most beautiful natural wonders on Earth. Many people love visiting them during holidays. 66 The falling water looks white and powerful, bringing people peace and joy. Iguazu Waterfall lies between two countries. It is famous all over the world. 67 Lots of tourists come to take photos every year. However, beautiful waterfalls need our protection. 68 Some visitors leave rubbish around, which pollutes the water. 69 We should never pick plants or feed wild animals casually. Local workers also set rules to protect nature. 70 Only when we respect nature, can we enjoy its beauty forever. A．It has great water flow and amazing sights. B．They advise visitors to take away their rubbish. C．Watching falling water makes people relaxed. D．Travelling brings environmental problems. E．We should learn how to protect natural wonders. F．Many waterfalls disappear every year. 15 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。一空一句。 The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (青藏高原) which is known as “the roof of the world” is the highest plateau in the world. 71 Though the weather conditions are not the same in different areas of the plateau, they have something in common. 72 The sunshine is strong and the temperature is low. It helps stop the cold wind from North Asia coming into South Asia. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is famous for its beautiful scenery. 73 Mount Qomolangma stands in the southwest of the plateau. Besides, both the Yellow River and the Yangtze River start there and run towards the east. The plateau has rich natural resources. 74 Many of them can be used as Chinese medicine. With new technology, the plateau has been developing fast these years. In 2019, a 5G base station was built on the plateau. 75 . In 2023, the Fuxing high-speed train series has been running on the Qinghai-Xizang Railway’s Xining Golmud section. It can travel at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour, which cuts down the travel time. A．The 5G service has made the local people’s life much easier. B．The air is usually dry and thin. C．There are all kinds of wild plants. D．It shows a large picture of snow mountains, green forests, wide grasslands, running goats and flying birds. E．It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers. F．It’s growing faster and faster. G．It is home to many rare animals like pandas and tigers. 16 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项为多余选项。 76 I am a river. I have two faces. I give life: my water is fresh water, so everybody can drink it and use it for farming and washing. 77 When I flood, I sometimes destroy homes and lives. Nothing can get in my way. I am a desert. 78 I am very hot during the day and very cold at night. Nobody wants to live in such difficult conditions, but a few plants and animals can survive. How amazing! 79 I am huge. I cover more than two-thirds of the earth’s surface, so people call the earth the “Blue Planet”. What a beautiful name! I am home to hundreds of thousands of living things. I am a forest. I am full of trees, and I produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe. 80 , usually green in summer and golden brown in autumn. A．My body is mostly made of sand and I seldom see rain. B．But I am also very powerful. C．I am the ocean. D．I wear different colors in different seasons E．I am the earth. F．Hello from different landscapes. G．I am afraid of fire. 考向五、防灾救灾、互相帮助 17 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When a natural disaster happens, knowing what to do can save your life. Here are some important safety tips for different situations. ◆ During an earthquake: If you are indoors, remember to drop, cover, and hold on. Get under a strong table or desk. 81 If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines. ◆ During a flood: Move to higher ground immediately. 82 If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground. Never try to walk or drive through floodwater—it might be deeper or faster than it looks. ◆ During a typhoon: Stay inside and keep away from windows. 83 If the wind becomes very strong, move to a small room without windows, like a bathroom. Listen to the radio for news and instructions. ◆ During a lightning storm: Avoid open fields and hilltops. 84 If you are in a forest, stay near lower trees. If you are with a group, spread out to reduce the risk of multiple injuries. ◆ After a disaster: Be careful of dangers like fallen power lines or broken glass. 85 Help others if you can, but don’t put yourself in danger. Wait for instructions from officials before returning home. A．Do not stay in a car during a flood. B．Always play outside during a storm. C．Stay away from water, tall or isolated trees, and metal objects. D．Close all windows and doors to protect your home. E．Check yourself and others for injuries. F．Protect your head and neck with your arms. G．Go to the beach to watch the storm. 18 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 After a natural disaster, it’s normal to feel scared, sad, or worried. These feelings are part of how we react to stressful events. Here are some ways to cope with your feelings and help others do the same. Talk about your feelings. 86 Share what you experienced and how you feel. You don’t have to go through it alone. Stay connected with family and friends. 87 Spend time with people you care about. Play games, watch movies, or just sit together. Being with others can help you feel safe and supported. Take care of your body. 88 Eat healthy meals, drink enough water, and try to get enough sleep. When your body feels better, your mind often feels better too. Help others. 89 You can help clean up, share food, or just listen to someone who needs to talk. Helping others can make you feel useful and strong. Take breaks from the news. 90 Give yourself time to do things you enjoy—read a book, draw, or play outside. It’s okay to take a break and have fun. Remember, everyone reacts differently to disasters. Some feelings may last for a while, but they usually get better with time. If your feelings don’t improve, it’s important to talk to a trusted adult or a counselor (辅导员). A．Watching too much news can make you feel more worried. B．Keep all your feelings inside. C．Helping others can also help you feel better. D．Find someone you trust—a parent, teacher, or friend. E．Don’t stay alone for too long. F．Play outside during a storm. G．Your body needs rest and good food to recover from stress. 19 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A flood can happen very quickly, especially after heavy rain or when rivers rise. Knowing what to do before, during, and after a flood can keep you and your family safe. Before a flood: • Learn if your home is in a flood-prone area. • Prepare an emergency kit with water, food, and medicine. • 91 Keep important documents in a waterproof bag. • Plan how your family will escape to higher ground. During a flood: • Move to higher ground immediately. 92 • If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground. Just six inches of moving water can knock you down, and one foot of water can sweep a car away. • 93 Floodwater may contain dirty water, broken glass, or dangerous animals. • Listen to the radio for news and instructions. After a flood: • 94 It may be weakened and could fall down. • Do not drink tap water until officials say it is safe. Floodwater can pollute the water supply. • Take photos of any damage to your home for insurance (保险) purposes. • 95 Floods can be stressful. Talk about your feelings with family or friends. A．Stay away from floodwater. B．Do not return home until officials say it is safe. C．Wait for help inside your home. D．Be careful of emotional stress after the disaster. E．Make sure everyone in your family knows the plan. F．Play in the floodwater with your friends. G．Do not walk or drive through floodwater. 20 阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。(选项中有一项多余) Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes are very strong. Especially, when they happen in cities, they can be very serious. 96 Here are some tips to help you keep safe. Before an earthquake happens, you should always prepare an emergency kit at home. In the kit, you should keep enough food and water, a flashlight, a first-aid box, and other useful things. 97 If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is safer than standing in the middle of a room. Remember to protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. 98 If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks after most earthquakes. 99 And they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake. When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. Some may need help. You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay calm. 100 A．We call them aftershocks. B．Do not try to run out of the building. C．No one expects to experience an earthquake. D．Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. E．That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake. F．Being prepared can help you stay calm when danger comes. 考向六、跨文化交流、互相尊重 21 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的选项补全短文，选项中有一个多余选项。 Every year, when the Dragon Boat Festival comes, Chinese people often hang a kind of plant on the door. It is called wormwood (艾草). 101 On the other hand, its special smell can also keep insects (昆虫) away from rooms. In fact, wormwood tastes bitter (苦的) but smells very nice. 102 So it can be seen in Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》). This book is widely believed to be the classic of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The writer of the book is Li Shizhen. 103 Wormwood is famous for its ability (能力) to treat (治疗) a great number of illnesses. Hundreds of years later, in Qichun, Hubei Province, it is still working for people there. Recently, Qichun has been busy preparing for the World Wormwood Industry (工业) Show. 104 And it will be good for the popularity of TCM and the traditional Chinese culture. Wormwood has become the main industry in this place. 105 At the same time, wormwood is gradually known around the world as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine. A．Wormwood can be eaten in many ways. B．It will be showed during the Dragon Boat Festival. C．He was a very famous TCM expert during the Ming Dynasty. D．Many years ago, people began to use wormwood as a kind of medicine. E．On the one hand, people believe that wormwood can take away bad luck. F．The life of people there is getting better and better by growing wormwood. 22 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some rules. 106 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you hold chopsticks is important to avoid making others uncomfortable. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together. 107 Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it's considered rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 108 . Instead, they prefer to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. Making Requests 109 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem strange, but they are important in various countries. 110 . A．Mexicans consider it impolite to eat with utensils. B．It may seem like a small thing to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. C．It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate. D．Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake when dining out. E．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you put them on the table. F．The more time you spend in a country, the more comfortable you will feel with its culture. 23 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In Western соuntries, уou should be саrеful whеn giving gifts. Nеvеr givе а gift in a jоb interviеw оr at а businеss mеeting. 111 or аs a “thank уоu” fоr sресial invitаtiоns or еvents. Whеn arriving at а special sоciаl gathering (聚会), уou mаy give yоur gift tо the host once the introductions аre mаdе. With gift giving, а few rules shоuld bе given muсh attention to. 112 Do not buу tоо ехpensive gifts. А small but dеlicatе (精致的) gift is а gоod chоiсe. A sрeciаl fоod frоm уour cоuntry, а bottle of winе, cаndies, flowers are thе best if you dо nоt knоw thе hоst vеry well, but be сertаin thаt yоur gift will not draw muсh attеntiоn. 113 You cаn usuallу sаy sоmething like, “I hоpе yоu will likе it.” whеn you оffеr your gift. 114 A bоttlе of winе is usuаllу all right if уоu know уour hоst drinks winе, but hаrd аlсohоl, suсh as whisky (威士忌) shоuld onlу bе given as а gift whеn уou knоw thе hоst well and аre cеrtain that hе would welсomе suсh a gift. А small сulturаl gift frоm yоur cоuntry is usuаllу vеry prоpеr. 115 А niсe card with it will bе bеttеr. A．Вe mоdеst (适中的) with уоur gift. B．It’s impolite to tаkе nо gift. C．Bе сarеful оf giving аlсohol. D．Мakе sure that your gift is рaсkаgеd niсelу. E．Yоu shоuld not аdd аnоthеr mаttеr tо the host. F．Тaking a bunсh of flоwers with уou is nеcessary. G．Gifts аrе usually givеn during speciаl hоlidaуs, 24 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Making friends from different cultures can be an exciting and rewarding experience. Here are some tips to help you build friendships across cultures. ◆ Be open and curious. Show genuine interest in your friend’s culture. 116 Ask about their festivals, food, and daily life. People appreciate it when others want to learn about their background. ◆ Share your own culture. Friendship is a two-way street. 117 Share stories about your traditions and customs. Cook a dish from your country for them. Teaching others about your culture helps them understand you better. ◆ Be patient with communication. Language barriers can be challenging. 118 If you don’t understand something, ask politely. Don’t pretend to understand when you don’t. Your friend will appreciate your honesty. ◆ Respect differences. 119 What is normal in your culture might be strange in theirs. Don’t judge quickly. Instead, try to understand why they do things that way. Remember, different doesn’t mean wrong. ◆ Celebrate together. Invite your friend to celebrate your festivals. 120 Join them for their important celebrations too. Sharing special moments creates lasting memories and deepens your friendship. Building cross-cultural friendships takes time and effort, but the rewards are worth it. You’ll gain a friend for life and learn so much about the world! A．If your friend speaks slowly, be patient. B．Stay in your comfort zone and avoid new people. C．Similarly, show interest in their special days. D．Don’t be afraid to teach others about your background. E．You might have different customs or beliefs. F．Ask them questions in a friendly way. G．Keep your opinions to yourself. 考向七、读好书、学道理 25 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever kept reading at night because you just couldn’t put a book down? The rising action in a story is the events that cause trouble and get people interested. 121 That feeling makes you keep turning the pages until you reach the story climax (高潮). 122 For example, the rising action in The Three Little Pigs begins when the pigs set out and start making their own choices. You may guess that two of the pigs are making a big mistake when they choose weak materials to build their houses. Small worries, along with the wolf hiding nearby, build suspense (悬念). 123 The tension grows each time the wolf blows down a house. The action keeps rising until the final fight between the third pig and the wolf. 124 In books, the rising action includes the decisions, past events, and character mistakes that move a story from the beginning toward the climax. When you read a novel, pay attention to clues (线索) about future events. 125 This will help you understand how rising action develops in the books you read. A．They give you that exciting feeling. B．Think about the parts that make you feel nervous. C．This example shows what rising action really means. D．It is very easy to find the climax in every story you read. E．As you read, you feel that the pigs are heading for big trouble. F．Good reading habits can help you become a better story writer. G．You can find rising action in many kinds of stories, from big novels to simple children’s tales. 26 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 China is a country with a long history. It has great traditional culture. Among the Chinese classics, The Book of Songs (《诗经》) and Historical Records (《史记》) are two of the most important works. 126 The Book of Songs, also known as Shijing, is the earliest collection of poetry in China. 127 This book not only describes people’s daily life, but also teaches people to be honest and strong. Among all the poems in this book, my favorite is called Homecoming after the War (《采薇》). This poem mainly talks about how soldiers had to leave their homes to fight for many years. They missed their homeland very much. 128 By reading the poem, we can feel their sadness and see how hard the wars could be. Historical Records, or Shiji, is the first biographical (传记的) general history of China. Sima Qian, an official of the Western Han Dynasty, wrote it. 129 This book is divided into 130 chapters (篇章). We can read the stories of many people in this book. 130 For example, there’s Da Yu, who tried so hard to stop a big flood. For the safety of the common people, he refused to enter his home many times when he passed by. A．But they couldn’t return because of the war. B．Here are book reviews of these two classics. C．It covers Chinese history from the Yellow Emperor to the middle Han Dynasty. D．It includes 305 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period. E．They fought for their own countries. F．I really like how the writer describes different people. G．The Book of Songs was written by Sima Qian. 27 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 In ancient China, there was a man named Bo Le, who was very good at judging good horses (相马). He wrote a book called On the Physiognomy of Horses (《相马经》). 131 Bo Le’s son wanted to learn his father’s special skill and knowledge. 132 Whenever he went out, he would carry the book with him. As soon as he saw a horse, he would take out the book at once. Then, he compared the horse with the drawings of all kinds of horses in the book one by one. 133 He led it home to his father, but it turned out to be an inferior (低等的) horse with a bad temperament (性格), far from being a good horse which could run 1,000 li a day. 134 Bo Le said to his son, “If you look for a good horse only with the help of drawings, how can you find a really fine one?” This story tells us a truth. 135 Only in this way can we truly master a skill or knowledge. A．One day, he finally found a horse similar to the drawing in the book. B．Bo Le’s son became cleverer and cleverer. C．He read the book over and over again. D．He was very sad and wanted to know why. E．We should not depend only on books, but also need to connect them with real practice. F．It was a classic book on that subject. 28 阅读下面材料，从选项中所给的A到F六个选项中选出正确选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入第 小题。 Many people enjoy reading books about travelling. 136 And some people like adventures. Here are some great books about travelling. The first one is Travels of Xu Xiake and it was created by a Chinese man. The writer of this book is Xu Xiake and he enjoyed travelling very much. In his life, he travelled to many different places. And he wrote many of his experiences in Travels of Xu Xiake. 137 It is a very helpful book for people to study Chinese geography, language, and other things. The second one is On the Road and its writer is Jack Kerouac. Jack wrote this book in April, 1951. Sal is the main character of this book. 138 And finally, they get to Mexico. They talk a lot and do some exciting and dangerous things on the way. The third one is Around the World in Eighty Days. The famous French writer whose name is Jules Gabriel Verne wrote this book in 1872. In the book, Fogg who is an English man bets (用……打赌) with his friends. He thinks he can travel around the world in eighty days. 139 Finally, he gets back to London successfully. 140 Which one is your favourite one? Can you share it with us? 选项： A．There are other travelling books in the world. B．Fogg is the main character of the book On the Road. C．This book records Xu Xiake’s trips from 1613 to 1639. D．Sal travels across many regions with other young people. E．Some people want to know interesting stories during trips. F．Then Fogg starts his adventure trip and visits many places. 考向八、志愿服务，构建和谐美好社会 29 请阅读短文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯，并在答题卷上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 When we talk about helping others, many people think it needs money or great power. 141 In fact, kindness lies in small daily acts that everyone can do. In our school life, we can easily find people around us who need help. 142 For example, we can lend a hand to classmates who struggle with their lessons, or cheer up friends who feel upset and lonely. Volunteering is another meaningful way to support those in need. On weekends, many students join community groups. 143 Spending time with them brings warmth and makes their life less boring. Besides, we know about people living a hard life in faraway areas. We can give away our unused books, clothes and stationery. 144 They will help poor children in mountain areas keep learning and growing happily. Helping others never means losing something. 145 It also makes our hearts full of joy and teaches us to value what we have. A．We should buy expensive presents for people in need. B．These simple gifts are still useful and full of our love. C．It actually brings us happiness and valuable life experience. D．However, this idea is not completely right. E．You may wonder what small things you can do to help others. F．We can stay with lonely old people and listen to their stories. 30 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Every day, Liu Hongyan walks along the Great Wall. She is a 45-year-old guardian (守护者) from Shixia village. Her uncle spent all his life protecting the Great Wall and he often told her stories about the Wall when she was a child. 146 In 2019, she became a guardian after passing some tests. Her dream came true. Now she walks 20 km every weekday with her team. Their job is to keep the Great Wall clean and safe. Her team also works with local (当地的) schools. 147 “The children love learning about the Wall,” she says. 148 Once, she hurt her foot badly. Her husband helped her finish patrols (巡逻) that week. Sometimes they meet people who climb parts of the Wall, but the parts are not open. “Please leave,” she says. “It’s dangerous and it breaks the rules.” But not all people can understand and some will argue with them. Now more people help protect the Wall. “Rubbish is now less common. 149 ” Liu says. “I’m so happy to see that and we together keep the Great Wall clean and safe for everyone.” Liu’s uncle passed the job and duty (责任) to her. “This is not just work,” she says. “It’s part of my family’s story. 150 ”. With the help of Liu and her team, good changes of “her home” are happening every day. A．It feels like taking care of my own home. B．It made her want to be just like her uncle. C．More volunteers join in our clean-up events. D．She always climbed the Wall at a young age. E．They teach students about the Wall’s history. F．However, Liu and her team have faced many problems. 31 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone can do something to make our society better. Being a volunteer is a good way. If you don’t know what volunteer work you can do, here are four activities. Volunteer for the elderly You can go to the old people’s homes to offer them your care. It is a good act to look after people. 151 . You will see that they will add value to your lives more than you add to theirs. Volunteer in a nursing home 152 . You can look after them and make friends with them. In fact, having sick people around you will make you look at situations in a different way and enjoy the beauty of life and good health. 153 If you are good at English, you can help those who would like to learn. They can be children, village students, adults, or anyone who wants to learn a new language. As far as the places, it can be in an English club or the community service centre. Volunteer to help animals If you are an animal lover, you’d better not buy dogs or cats from pet shops. You can adopt (收养) street dogs or cats. If you don’t want to keep a pet, you can pay a visit to an animal shelter to look after the lovely animals. 154 . 155 . Choose one of the above activities and you will find that everyone can do much and make a great difference. A．Volunteer to teach English B．We should listen to them and care for them C．Volunteer to be in an after-school study program D．Donating some money is also a good choice E．A home for patients is a good place to start your volunteer activities F．Old people are much more experienced than your friends and classmates G．There is no act better than lending a hand in helping build a better society 32 Are kids too young to volunteer? An 11-year-old American girl, Josephine Lavoie, shows us that kids can make a difference in the lives of others. Five years ago, Josephine started volunteering by organizing an activity. 156 From then on, Josephine began to look for more ways to help others. She organized beach or waterway cleanup activities. She also made cards for old people in the old people’s homes to cheer them up. 157 Josephine gets her ideas for volunteering from things she learns and people she meets. 158 “I have a few friends from foster homes (寄养家庭),” she said. “Foster kids often don’t have much. So I collected new clothes, school things and books and put them in nice bags. 159 ” Josephine gave the filled bags to at least 400 foster kids. “ 160 Even the smallest things we do can make the world a better place,” Josephine says. 根据材料内容,从下面七个选项中选出五个能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．We are looking for some volunteers to help with kids’ maths homework. B．In this way, the kids will have both new things and nice bags. C．She will keep on helping more sick kids improve their health. D．She even started a little free library in her town. E．Although we are young, we need to give back to the world. F．One recent idea came from her friends. G．She collected toys and sent them to kids in a children’s hospital. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末必考题 阅读还原专项训练 ◇Part 01 考向汇总 范围 考向 内容 Unit 1 - Unit 8 考向一 考查话题：业余、休闲、放松活动 考向二 考查话题：保持健康、安全，缓解释放情绪 考向三 考查话题：情绪管理与成长 考向四 考查话题：自然奇观 考向五 考查话题：防灾救灾、互相帮助 考向六 考查话题：跨文化交流、互相尊重 考向七 考查话题：读好书、学道理 考向八 考查话题：志愿服务，构建和谐美好社会 ◇Part 02 考题实战 考向一、业余、休闲、放松活动 01 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题纸的相应位置上。 Hobbies are more than just fun things to do. They are important for our health in many ways. 1 Physical hobbies like hiking, skiing or playing basketball are great for our bodies. They make us strong and help us stay healthy. They can also lower stress after busy school days. Some hobbies are creative. Painting, writing or playing music lets us show our feelings. 2 When we finish a painting or write a story, we feel good about ourselves. Not all hobbies are good for us. 3 Playing computer games for too long can hurt our eyes and make us sleep badly. We may also feel lonely because we stay home alone. So, what are good hobbies? First, choose something you enjoy. 4 If you try it and don’t like it, you can always change to something new. Second, try outdoor activities. Being in nature helps us relax. 5 You can make new friends and have fun together. Hobbies make our free time colorful. They help us grow as people. So find a hobby and enjoy it! A．Don’t worry if you are not good at it at first. B．Some hobbies use too much screen time. C．Hobbies can help our bodies and minds. D．It also makes us feel more confident. E．Taking a walk with friends is a perfect example. F．You can try indoor activities when it rains. G．Many students like to watch TV in their free time. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍爱好的重要性、不同类型爱好的好处与坏处，以及如何选择适合自己的爱好。 1．前文说爱好对健康重要，后文开始具体讲体育爱好对身体的好处，此处应用“Hobbies can help our bodies and minds.”来引出本段的主旨，起统领作用。 2．前文讲创造性爱好可以表达情感，后文说完成作品后自我感觉良好，此处应用“It also makes us feel more confident.”来衔接上下文，其中“It”指代前文的创造性爱好。 3．本段开头说“并非所有爱好都对我们有好处”，后面举玩电脑游戏的坏例子，此处应用“Some hobbies use too much screen time.”来点出问题类型，与后文内容对应。 4．本段是建议部分，先说要选择你喜欢的，后文说“如果不喜欢可以换”，此处应用“Don’t worry if you are not good at it at first.”来衔接上下文。 5．前文说“尝试户外活动，身处大自然有助于放松”，后文说“你可以交到新朋友，一起玩得开心”，此处应用“Taking a walk with friends is a perfect example.”来引出后文。 02 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A hobby is an activity that a person enjoys doing in his or her free time. Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. 6 They Help You Learn 7 You have to look through websites and read magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. You also have to learn something new. More reading like this makes you a better reader and a better learner. 8 For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery (陶艺) , you have to use your brain as well as your hands. We learn by doing things and by touching things. These kinds of activities make people become more creative. They Help You Be Relaxed Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy.” When we feel happy, 9 Too much stress is bad for people. It can make people sick. They Help You Build Skills People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems. 10 For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to find a good job when they grow up. A．They Help You Be Strong B．But how do hobbies help people? C．When you have a hobby, you learn new things. D．we have less stress. E．They Help You Be Creative F．you have new friends. G．Learning these skills can help you when you grow up. 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．E 9．D 10．G 【导语】本文介绍了爱好的定义，以及爱好能在学习、创造力、放松、技能培养等方面给人们带来的诸多益处。 6．前文提到爱好的好处，后文分点介绍爱好如何帮助人们，所以这里填B“But how do hobbies help people?”承上启下，引出下文的分点说明。 7．本段小标题是They Help You Learn，后文提到要获取爱好相关信息、学习新东西，所以这里填C“When you have a hobby, you learn new things.”作为本段的主题句，概括了本段的核心内容，与标题和下文内容完全呼应。 8．本段提到这些活动让人更有创造力，所以小标题应该是E“They Help You Be Creative”概括本段核心：培养创造力，且与段落内容匹配。 9．前文说“当我们感到快乐时”，后文提到压力的危害，D项“we have less stress.”这个句子承接了“感到快乐”，引出 “减少压力”，与后文的“压力有害”形成逻辑衔接。 10．本段小标题是They Help You Build Skills，前文提到设定目标、解决问题，后文提到爱好是未来找好工作的第一步，所以这里填G“Learning these skills can help you when you grow up.”呼应技能，衔接成长的内容。 03 阅读短文，从短文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。(选项中有一项多余) A hobby is a way to learn skills. Some people don’t realize that doing something enjoyable can bring them pleasure. How can we develop our own hobbies? 11 ★Think of what you liked as a child. Do you regret (后悔) stopping learning the piano when you were ten? 12 Maybe you wish you could learn it again. So try picking it up again. ★ 13 Did you ever notice one of your friends’ hobbies? When you see a friend drawing and you want to do it too, have a try. 14 That’s because doing something together will keep both of you active (活跃的). ★Try to keep your hobbies. 15 But later, you will fall in love with it. So don’t ask your parents to buy much equipment (设备) or one-year classes at once. You should find out if it is right for you. When you really love it, maybe you can develop it as your hobby. A．Join some clubs. B．Take up a new hobby with your friends. C．Now you get a chance to try again. D．The following ways may help. E．Just ask your friends if you can join them. F．Maybe you are not interested in an activity at first. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．B 14．E 15．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了培养爱好的几种方法，包括回想儿时喜好、和朋友培养新爱好以及坚持爱好，并给出了相关具体建议。 11．前文问我们如何培养兴趣爱好，后文是介绍具体的培养方法，因此空白处需要承上启下，D选项“The following ways may help.”符合语境。 12．前文询问是否后悔十岁时停止学钢琴，后文说可以重新拾起，C选项“Now you get a chance to try again.”能承接前文的后悔情绪，衔接后文的重拾兴趣。 13．此处为段落小标题，后文围绕朋友的爱好展开，讲述和朋友一起尝试爱好，B选项“Take up a new hobby with your friends.”概括了主旨。 14．前文说看到朋友画画自己也想尝试，后文说明一起做事能让双方保持活跃，E选项“Just ask your friends if you can join them.”衔接前后内容。 15．后文提到“But later, you will fall in love with it”，说明前后是转折关系，F选项“Maybe you are not interested in an activity at first.”符合语境。 04 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Why Hobbies Are Important Do you have a hobby? Many people do. Hobbies are activities we do in our free time. 16 Here are some reasons why hobbies are good for us. First, hobbies help us relax. After a long day at school, it’s nice to do something we enjoy. 17 It takes our minds off homework and tests. Second, hobbies help us learn new skills. When you take up a new hobby, you learn to do new things. 18 You learn to be patient and keep trying. Third, hobbies help us make friends. 19 You can meet people who like the same things as you. You can share ideas and help each other. 20 They make our life more interesting and fun. So find a hobby you love and enjoy it! A．Finally, hobbies bring us joy. B．They give us a break from work and study. C．If you like sports, you can play with your friends. D．For example, if you like painting, you can join an art club. E．Reading a book or listening to music can make us feel calm. F．For example, if you learn to play the guitar, you have to practice every day. 【答案】16．B 17．E 18．F 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了爱好对我们的重要性以及原因。 16．所在段落引出了爱好的话题，且提到爱好是我们在空闲时间做的活动。选项B“They give us a break from work and study.”很好地承接了上文关于爱好是空闲时间活动的描述，说明了爱好的一个基本作用。 17．所在段落强调爱好能帮助我们放松。选项E“Reading a book or listening to music can make us feel calm.”通过具体的例子说明了爱好如何帮助我们放松，与段落主题相符。 18．所在段落论述爱好能帮助我们学习新技能。选项F“For example, if you learn to play the guitar, you have to practice every day.”以学弹吉他为例，说明了学习新爱好需要不断练习，体现了学习新技能的过程，与段落主题一致。 19．所在段落指出爱好能帮助我们交朋友。选项D“For example, if you like painting, you can join an art club.”通过具体例子说明了通过爱好可以加入相关团体，从而结识有相同爱好的人，符合段落逻辑。 20．所在段落是对前文关于爱好好处的总结，强调爱好能让生活更有趣和快乐。选项A“Finally, hobbies bring us joy.”起到了总结前文并引出下文的作用。 考向二、保持健康、安全，缓解释放情绪 05 阅读下面短文，从短文后框内的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Do you think it’s important to learn first aid? 21 First, let’s take a look at an example of low blood sugar (低血糖). Kelly is a nurse and Byrne is a firefighter and paramedic (护理人员). Last year, they flew to Florida. During the trip, they saw a woman fall down and lose consciousness (意识). 22 , so they got some sugar water and fed it to her slowly. After a while, the woman came to life. 23 They may feel so hungry that they can’t move by themselves. Some of them can’t help shaking (发抖) and even pass out. The best way to help these people is to give them some sweet food. If that doesn’t work, call 120 as soon as possible. Next, let’s look at another case—choking (窒息). Laura, a mother of a two-year-old girl named Bryony, once had a scary moment. One day, Bryony was eating chicken when she suddenly choked. 24 Finally, the chicken came out, and Bryony was safe. 25 It is important to learn first aid to keep safe. A．Luckily, Laura is a teacher and she knows what to do. B．The following cases (实例) can give you the answer. C．Here are the steps for first aid when someone is choking. D．They soon found the woman had low blood sugar E．Then, what symptoms (症状) might someone with low blood sugar have? F．In a word, learning these first-aid skills can help us deal with emergencies (突发事件) well. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．E 24．A 25．F 【导语】本文主要讲了学习急救知识的重要性。 【详解】21．空前提出问题“Do you think it’s important to learn first aid?（你认为学习急救重要吗？）”，空后紧接着说“First, let’s take a look at an example...（首先，让我们看一个……的例子）”。选项B“The following cases can give you the answer.（下面的实例可以给你答案。）”能够完美地承上启下，回答前文问题并引出后文的实例。 22．空前提到一名妇女倒下并失去意识，空后提到“so they got some sugar water and fed it to her slowly（所以他们弄了些糖水慢慢喂给她）”。选项D“They soon found the woman had low blood sugar（他们很快发现那个女人低血糖）”解释了为什么要给她喂糖水，与后半句的“so（所以）”构成合理的因果关系。 23．空后描述了“感到非常饿以至于无法移动、发抖甚至晕倒”等具体表现，这些都是低血糖的症状。选项E“Then, what symptoms might someone with low blood sugar have?（那么，低血糖的人可能会有什么症状呢？）”以问句形式引出下文对症状的详细描述，符合语境。 24．空前提到两岁的小女孩Bryony吃鸡肉时突然窒息（choked），空后提到“Finally, the chicken came out, and Bryony was safe.（最后，鸡肉出来了，Bryony安全了。）”，这说明有人采取了有效的急救措施。选项A“Luckily, Laura is a teacher and she knows what to do.（幸运的是，Laura是一名老师，她知道该怎么做。）”填入此处，解释了危机得以化解的原因，逻辑通顺。 25．本段是文章的结尾段，空后再次强调了学习急救以保持安全的重要性。选项F“In a word, learning these first-aid skills can help us deal with emergencies well.（总之，学习这些急救技能可以帮助我们很好地处理突发事件。）”中的“In a word（总之）”常用于文末总结全文，且内容高度契合文章“学习急救很重要”的主旨。 06 根据材料内容，从下面六个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Dengue Fever (登革热) Dengue fever is a serious disease caused by a virus. It is mainly spread by mosquito (蚊子) bites. 26 As the weather gets warmer, mosquitoes become more active. High temperatures make mosquitoes grow and multiply (繁殖) quickly. That is why dengue becomes more common in hot seasons. 27 Only mosquitoes can carry it to people. People with dengue usually have a fever, headaches, and pain in muscles and joints. 28 It may cause serious bleeding, organ damage, and can even be life-threatening. So we must take it seriously. To protect ourselves, we should do two main things. First, we must clean up standing water (积水) around us, such as in flower pots, old bottles, buckets and boxes. 29 Second, when we go out, we can wear long-sleeved clothes, long trousers and use mosquito repellent (防蚊液) to keep mosquitoes away. If everyone takes simple but useful actions in daily life, we can greatly reduce the risk of dengue. 30 A．This stops mosquitoes from laying eggs. B．However, dengue can become very serious. C．Small changes in daily life can keep us safe. D．Staying away from mosquitoes is the best way. E．It cannot be spread directly from person to person. F．In recent years, it has become a big health problem. 【答案】26．F 27．E 28．B 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了登革热的传播途径、症状、危害以及日常预防措施。 【详解】26．根据“Dengue fever is a serious disease caused by a virus. It is mainly spread by mosquito bites.”可推知此处应进一步说明该疾病的现状或影响，F项“In recent years, it has become a big health problem.”符合语境，引出下文对登革热的详细介绍。 27．根据“Only mosquitoes can carry it to people.”可推知前一句应说明不能通过其他方式传播，E项“It cannot be spread directly from person to person.”与后文构成逻辑互补，说明传播途径的唯一性。 28．根据“People with dengue usually have a fever, headaches, and pain in muscles and joints.”以及后文“It may cause serious bleeding...”可推知此处需要转折引出严重性，B项“However, dengue can become very serious.”承上启下，连接普通症状与严重后果。 29．根据“First, we must clean up standing water...”可推知此处解释清理积水的作用，A项“This stops mosquitoes from laying eggs.”解释了清理积水的原因，“This”指代清理积水这一行为。 30．根据“If everyone takes simple but useful actions in daily life, we can greatly reduce the risk of dengue.”可推知此处总结日常行动的效果，C项“Small changes in daily life can keep us safe.”与上文“simple but useful actions”及“reduce the risk”呼应。 07 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you feel down more often in winter? If so, you might have seasonal affective disorder (SAD, 季节性情绪失调). 31 It is also known as “winter depression (抑郁)” because it usually happens in winter. However, some people with SAD may also feel down during the summer and feel better in the winter. Besides feeling sad, people with SAD may also lose interest in everyday activities. 32 It can also be difficult for them to focus. Scientists still don’t know the reason behind SAD．But it’s often linked (连接) to less sunlight during the shorter autumn and winter days, the UK National Health Service (NHS) said. 33 This can influence (影响) your hormones (荷尔蒙) and body clock. All of these things make you feel blue. 34 Getting more sunlight and exercising are good ways to deal with SAD．“Light therapy (疗法)”, or using special lamps at home to stimulate (激发) natural light can also help. 35 A．Not getting enough sunlight might make a part of the brain not work well. B．SAD is a kind of depression (抑郁) that comes and goes with the seasons. C．Many people feel happier when they spend time with friends. D．There are some good ways to help people with SAD． E．But if you still feel very sad, you should go to a doctor. F．They may sleep a lot and find it hard to get up in the morning. G．People should stay inside when they feel sad. 【答案】31．B 32．F 33．A 34．D 35．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了季节性情绪失调 (SAD) 的定义、症状、成因及应对方法。 31．前文介绍了季节性情绪失调 (SAD) 的概念，后文提到它也被称为“冬季抑郁症”，B选项“SAD is a kind of depression that comes and goes with the seasons.”是对SAD的正式定义，且与后文的“winter depression”形成衔接。 32．前文指出除了悲伤之外，患者还可能对日常活动失去兴趣，后文说明他们难以集中注意力，F选项“They may sleep a lot and find it hard to get up in the morning.”是SAD患者的具体症状之一，与前后文的症状描述相呼应。 33．前文提到SAD与秋冬季节阳光减少有关，后文解释这会影响荷尔蒙和生物钟，A选项“Not getting enough sunlight might make a part of the brain not work well.”具体阐述了阳光不足对大脑的影响，是对前文原因的进一步说明。 34．后文介绍了获得更多阳光、锻炼、光照疗法等应对SAD的方法，D选项“There are some good ways to help people with SAD.”起到总领下文的作用，引出后文的具体解决办法。 35．前文列举了多种应对 SAD的方式，E选项“But if you still feel very sad, you should go to a doctor.”是在给出常规方法之外的进一步建议，符合行文逻辑。 08 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 Do you have a sore throat, a runny nose and a headache? Do you keep coughing and sneezing? If you do, you probably have a cold or the flu, but which one? 36 Colds, which usually last about a week, make the most difference to the nose. They usually cause a runny nose and sneezes. 37 Sometimes, they result in a headache, coughs and some aching problems. 38 People with flu usually get all the problems above. However, they also get a high fever, a dry cough and much worse aches. The problem also lasts much longer. Sometimes you can’t get better for at least two weeks. Flu can be a terrible thing. The old, who are less healthy than most young people, can die from flu. 39 The injection (注射) is necessary and can truly save them. Try not to touch your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. 40 If you catch a cold or the flu, go to bed for a while. Doing what we tell you will help you get better. Drink lots of water and stay in a warm, well-ventilated (通风条件好的) room. If you have a headache, take some medicine. And it’s a good idea to cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze. A．Wash your hands after cleaning your nose. B．What’s worse, you may have to open your mouth to breathe. C．Today, we will talk about the causes of these two kinds of illnesses. D．Flu is much more serious and results from different groups of viruses. E．So old people should have a flu injection before winter when flu is most common. F．Although both colds and flu result from viruses, they are different in some ways. G．Go to see a doctor at once. 【答案】36．F 37．B 38．D 39．E 40．A 【导语】本文讲述了感冒和流感的区别，包括它们的症状、成因以及针对老年人的预防措施，并给出了预防和应对感冒或流感的建议。 36．前文提出了一系列关于感冒和流感症状的问题，并询问读者患的是哪一种，此处需要引出对感冒和流感这两种疾病的讨论，F项“Although both colds and flu result from viruses, they are different in some ways.”指出感冒和流感虽然都由病毒引起，但在某些方面有所不同，承接上文的问题，并自然引出下文对两者的具体描述，逻辑连贯。 37．前文描述了感冒对鼻子的影响，通常会导致流鼻涕和打喷嚏，此处需要补充感冒可能带来的其他影响，B项“What’s worse, you may have to open your mouth to breathe.”是对感冒症状的进一步描述，符合语境。 38．前文描述了感冒的症状，后文描述了流感的症状，此处需要引出对流感的描述，D项“Flu is much more serious and results from different groups of viruses.”指出流感更严重，且由不同的病毒群引起，与后文描述的流感症状相呼应，同时与前文感冒的描述形成对比。 39．前文提到老年人可能因流感而死亡，此处需要提出针对老年人的预防措施，E项“So old people should have a flu injection before winter when flu is most common.”提出老年人在流感最常见的冬季前应接种流感疫苗，符合语境。 40．前文提到如果与感冒的人近距离接触，尽量不要触摸鼻子或眼睛，此处需要补充其他预防措施，A项“Wash your hands after cleaning your nose.”是对预防措施的补充，符合语境。 考向三、情绪管理与成长 09 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Growing up is not always easy. Sometimes we face problems and feel stressed. But there are good ways to deal with these feelings. 41 Talk to someone. When you feel worried, don’t keep it inside. 42 They can give you advice and make you feel better. Try new hobbies. Hobbies are great for relaxing. 43 It can help you forget your worries and feel happy. 44 Moving your body is a great way to reduce stress. Even a short walk can help. When you exercise, your body makes you feel happy. Learn to say “no”. You don’t have to do everything for everyone. 45 It’s okay to have time for yourself. Growing up takes time. Be patient with yourself and enjoy the journey! A．Exercise more. B．Talk to your parents or friends. C．It’s bad to keep your feelings inside. D．If you are too busy, it’s fine to say no. E．Try to find something you enjoy doing. F．Here are some simple ways to help you. G．Sleeping well can also help you feel less stressed. 【答案】41．F 42．B 43．E 44．A 45．D 【导语】本文主要讲述成长中面对压力和问题时的几种应对方法。 【详解】41．前文提到“But there are good ways to deal with these feelings.”，提到有一些好的方法，下文分点介绍了具体方法，空处需要一个总起句，引出下面的句子。F项“这里有一些简单的方法可以帮助你。”自然引出下文。 42．小标题是“和某人谈谈”，前文提到“When you feel worried, don’t keep it inside.”，感到担心时，不要憋在心里。所以空处给的建议应是“找某人诉说”。B项“和你的父母或者朋友谈谈。”承接前文，呼应小标题。 43．前句说“Hobbies are great for relaxing.”，后句说“它可以帮助你”，空处需要一个和爱好相关的具体做法。E项“试着找一些你喜欢做的事情。”承接前文，引出后文。 44．下文提到“Moving your body is a great way to reduce stress. Even a short walk can help.”，适当运动有助于减轻压力，该段主题是“运动减压”，A项“多锻炼”概括了本段内容。 45．小标题是“学会说‘不’”，前文提到“You don’t have to do everything for everyone.”，没必要给每个人做事，所以空处给的建议应是“要会说不”。D项“如果你太忙了，说不也没关系。”承接前文，呼应小标题。 10 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 How to beat sadness We all have days when we are down, tired and unhappy. That’s OK. You need days like this, or how would you know you are happy? You’ll enjoy your good days even more when you have a few bad days. Even if sadness is a part of life, 46 Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad. ★ Stand up straight and this helps your energy flow. 47 , you can flow too. ★ Smile! It’s easy to do and has good results. This way can not only leave you in a good mood (心情) but also bring others a good mood. ★ Listen to music 48 Some kinds of music work better than others, so try and find out what kind of music works the best for you. ★ Take some “me” time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching a sunrise or having a hot bath, or something like that. ★ 49 Even something as simple as taking a walk will get your blood (血) flowing. It is a great way to clear your mind of anything that makes you sad. These ways will cheer you up (使你振作) when you are down, 50 Try and practise them every day to make them a habit. You will be surprised to learn that these simple ways will keep your sadness away. But if you are in a deep depression (沮丧), go to see a doctor. A．It can be your favourite music. B．All kinds of music are the same. C．Reading books always makes you relax. D．but don’t just use them when you are sad. E．let’s try to make it small. F．When your energy is flowing freely G．Do some exercise. 【答案】46．E 47．F 48．A 49．G 50．D 【导语】本文主要围绕“如何战胜悲伤”展开，介绍了多种缓解悲伤的方法，强调这些方法可日常践行，且严重时需就医。 46．前文提到悲伤是生活的一部分，后文给出了战胜悲伤的具体方法，中间需要一句承上启下的话，表明要尽量减轻悲伤。E项“let’s try to make it small”符合逻辑，既认可悲伤的存在，又引出后续解决办法。 47．上文提到“站直有助于能量流动”，后文“you can flow too”应与能量自由流动相关联。F项“When your energy is flowing freely”承接前文“energy flow”，构成“当能量自由流动时，你也能顺畅起来”的完整表达，衔接自然。 48．本段主题是“听音乐”，前文总述听音乐的作用，后文提到“有些音乐比其他音乐更有效”，中间需要一句具体说明听什么音乐。A项“It can be your favourite music”明确了音乐类型，既符合“听音乐”的主题，又为后文“寻找适合自己的音乐”做铺垫。 49．后文提到“即使是散步这样简单的事情也能促进血液循环”，散步属于运动范畴，所以此处需要一句引出“运动”的主题句。G项“Do some exercise”直接点明该方法，与后文的具体运动例子相呼应。 50．前文说“这些方法能在你低落时让你振作”，后文提到“尝试每天练习让它们成为习惯”，说明这些方法不仅在悲伤时可用。D项“but don’t just use them when you are sad”起到转折作用，衔接前文的“悲伤时使用”和后文的“日常践行”，逻辑连贯。 11 阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Maybe your little brother got into your room and played with your toys without letting you know. 51 All these things might make you angry! However, being angry can sometimes be a good thing. When kids feel something unfair, being angry can help them stand up for themselves. 52 However, don’t lose control if you get angry. Taking it out on others never solves anything. Instead, try to make out (弄清) why you are angry. What can you do to keep the situation from happening again? If your homework is too hard, don’t make a hole (洞) in your notebook. 53 They may give you good advice. 54 For example, if you talk about anger, those bad feelings usually start to go away. Never getting angry is impossible. You should remember how you act can make the situation better or worse. 55 Instead, you should learn to control it! A．Don’t let anger control you. B．Many things may make you angry. C．It’s not so difficult to deal with anger. D．Ask your teachers or parents for help. E．Your teachers just gave you some difficult homework. F．Being angry also helps to talk about your anger with your parents or teachers. 【答案】51．E 52．F 53．D 54．C 55．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了要学会控制你的愤怒，并想办法应对它。 51．根据“All these things might make you angry!”，这里是说遇到一些让你生气的具体事情，E项“Your teachers just gave you some difficult homework.”符合语境。 52．根据“However, being angry can sometimes be a good thing.”，这里是要谈论生气的好处。F项“Being angry also helps to talk about your anger with your parents or teachers.”是说生气帮助你和父母或老师交谈，这是生气的一个好处，符合语境。 53．根据“They may give you good advice.”，这里是说向某人寻求帮助，D项“Ask your teachers or parents for help.”说明了寻求帮助的对象。 54．根据“For example, if you talk about anger, those bad feelings usually start to go away.”，这里与应对生气的方法有关，C项“It’s not so difficult to deal with anger.”是说应对生气并不困难，符合语境。 55．根据“Instead, you should learn to control it!”，这里应该是说别让愤怒控制了你，A项“Don’t let anger control you.”对应此表达。 12 根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、完整。选项中有一项为多余选项。 From time to time, you may suffer from being overwhelmed (难以承受的). You may feel disappointed, sad, hurt or even helpless. 56 Here is some advice to help you. Know your feelings. It can be hard sometimes to find the right words to express what you’re feeling. The Feelings Wheel can help. 57 Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the center. This can help you get clear what you’re feeling. Accept what you feel. It is okay to feel lonely; it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. 58 There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way. Many of us do too, at different points in our lives. Make a list. Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do. Perhaps there is too much to study, or you may have a long to-do list when organising a birthday party. 59 Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency (紧迫性). You will feel calmer when you finish the list — you would have control over the tasks and yourself! Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice. 60 Learn what works best for you. You only have one YOU! A．Be in touch with yourself. B．Start from the inside and move out. C．Sit down and find out what comes first. D．Write down the things that need to get done. E．Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easy. F．It is quite natural when humans are facing stress. 【答案】56．E 57．B 58．F 59．D 60．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了当人们感到难以承受、出现失望、悲伤等负面情绪时，可以通过认识情绪、接纳情绪、列任务清单等方法来管理这些情绪，帮助自己缓解压力、恢复平静。 56．前文提到“You may feel disappointed, sad, hurt or even helpless.”，后文说“Here is some advice to help you.”所以选项E“Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easy.”承接前文，自然引出下文的应对方法。 57．前文提到“The Feelings Wheel can help.”，后文描述“Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the center.”，选项B“Start from the inside and move out.” 对应情绪轮盘的使用方法，统领本段，引出具体操作。 58．前文列举“It is okay to feel lonely; it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end.”，后文提到“There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way. Many of us do too, at different points in our lives.”，选项F“It is quite natural when humans are facing stress.” 承接前文的情绪描述，呼应后文“很多人都会有这类感受”，强化“接纳情绪”的观点，衔接自然。 59．前文提到“Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do.”，后文说“Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency.”，选项D“Write down the things that need to get done.” 对应列清单的第一步，引出下文的排序操作，逻辑连贯。 60．前文提到“Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice.”，后文说“Learn what works best for you. You only have one YOU!”，选项A“Be in touch with yourself.” 承接前文，呼应后文“找到适合自己的方法”，给出核心建议，收束全文。    考向四、自然奇观 13 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 The Yellow River is more than 5,464 kilometres long. It is the second longest river in China. 61 The Yellow River starts from the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai Province. 62 Finally, it runs into the Bohai Sea. Whenever you want to enjoy the Yellow River, it is always beautiful. I was born and grew up in Linfen, Shanxi, a city near the Fen River, a main branch of the Yellow River. Our city has carried out the activity “Love Linfen, Win the Future” to protect rivers and the environment. 63 In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It’s the best time to see the Fen River on the bridge. It looks like a huge dragon, truly amazing. 64 In the evening, people take walks in Fenhe Park by the river. The green trees and clean riversides make our city more beautiful. The Yellow River never stops feeding the land and people with its long and huge body. 65 . A．At noon, the sun shines brightly on the clear water. B．It runs through nine provinces from west to east. C．I am proud of the Yellow River, our great mother river! D．Now, the water becomes clearer and the environment gets better. E．The Yellow River is wider than many other rivers in Asia. F．It is also the mother river of China. 【答案】61．F 62．B 63．D 64．A 65．C 【导语】本文是一篇介绍黄河的说明文，先介绍黄河的基本信息与流经路线，再以作者家乡临汾为例，讲述当地对黄河支流汾河的保护与改善，最后抒发对母亲河的赞美之情。 61．前文提到黄河是中国第二长河，后文开始介绍黄河的源头与流向，F项 “It is also the mother river of China.” 承接上文对黄河地位的介绍，补充其文化意义，逻辑通顺。 62．前文提到黄河发源于青海巴颜喀拉山，后文提到“最终注入渤海”，B项“It runs through nine provinces from west to east.” 承接黄河的源头与入海口，介绍其流经路线，衔接自然。 63．前文提到家乡开展了保护河流与环境的活动，后文描述了早晨汾河的景象，D项“Now, the water becomes clearer and the environment gets better.” 承接环保活动，引出后文环境改善后的美景，符合语境。 64．前文提到了早晨的汾河景色，后文提到了晚上人们在河边散步的场景，A项 “At noon, the sun shines brightly on the clear water.” 按时间顺序补充了中午的景象，衔接早晚的场景，逻辑连贯。 65．前文提到黄河滋养着土地和人民，C项 “I am proud of the Yellow River, our great mother river!” 总结全文，抒发对黄河的赞美之情，收束全文。 14 阅读短文，从A-F中选出最佳选项填入短文空白，有一项多余。 Waterfalls are one of the most beautiful natural wonders on Earth. Many people love visiting them during holidays. 66 The falling water looks white and powerful, bringing people peace and joy. Iguazu Waterfall lies between two countries. It is famous all over the world. 67 Lots of tourists come to take photos every year. However, beautiful waterfalls need our protection. 68 Some visitors leave rubbish around, which pollutes the water. 69 We should never pick plants or feed wild animals casually. Local workers also set rules to protect nature. 70 Only when we respect nature, can we enjoy its beauty forever. A．It has great water flow and amazing sights. B．They advise visitors to take away their rubbish. C．Watching falling water makes people relaxed. D．Travelling brings environmental problems. E．We should learn how to protect natural wonders. F．Many waterfalls disappear every year. 【答案】66．C 67．A 68．D 69．E 70．B 【导语】本文主要介绍瀑布的魅力，以伊瓜苏瀑布为例说明瀑布受游客的欢迎程度，同时也指出了旅游带来的环境问题，呼吁大家保护自然景观。 66．前文提到许多人喜欢假期游览瀑布，后文描写飞流的水景带给人平静与愉悦。空格处承接上下文，补充人们喜爱瀑布的原因。C选项“Watching falling water makes people relaxed.”意为观赏飞流能让人身心放松，语境衔接自然。 67．本段介绍伊瓜苏瀑布，前文点明它世界闻名，后文说明每年都有大量游客前来拍照。空格处解释它出名的原因，A选项“It has great water flow and amazing sights.”介绍瀑布水量充沛、景色壮丽，符合文意。 68．前文提出美丽的瀑布需要保护，后文举例游客乱扔垃圾、污染水源。空格处引出问题根源，D选项“Travelling brings environmental problems.”点明旅游带来各类环境问题，承上启下。 69．上一段讲述旅游造成的环境危害，后文列举不乱采摘植物、不随意投喂动物等具体做法。空格处总起下文，引出保护行动，E选项“We should learn how to protect natural wonders.”呼吁大家学会保护自然景观，逻辑连贯。 70．前文提到当地工作人员制定规则守护自然，后文强调敬畏自然才能永续欣赏美景。空格处补充具体管理措施，B选项“They advise visitors to take away their rubbish.”说明工作人员倡导游客带走垃圾，前后呼应。 15 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。一空一句。 The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (青藏高原) which is known as “the roof of the world” is the highest plateau in the world. 71 Though the weather conditions are not the same in different areas of the plateau, they have something in common. 72 The sunshine is strong and the temperature is low. It helps stop the cold wind from North Asia coming into South Asia. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is famous for its beautiful scenery. 73 Mount Qomolangma stands in the southwest of the plateau. Besides, both the Yellow River and the Yangtze River start there and run towards the east. The plateau has rich natural resources. 74 Many of them can be used as Chinese medicine. With new technology, the plateau has been developing fast these years. In 2019, a 5G base station was built on the plateau. 75 . In 2023, the Fuxing high-speed train series has been running on the Qinghai-Xizang Railway’s Xining Golmud section. It can travel at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour, which cuts down the travel time. A．The 5G service has made the local people’s life much easier. B．The air is usually dry and thin. C．There are all kinds of wild plants. D．It shows a large picture of snow mountains, green forests, wide grasslands, running goats and flying birds. E．It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers. F．It’s growing faster and faster. G．It is home to many rare animals like pandas and tigers. 【答案】71．E 72．B 73．D 74．C 75．A 【导语】本文介绍了“世界屋脊”青藏高原的面积、气候、风光、自然资源与科技发展情况。 71．前文提到青藏高原是世界最高的高原，后文开始介绍气候等特征。E选项“It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers.”补充说明了青藏高原的面积，承接前文对高原的总体介绍。 72．前文提到高原不同地区的气候条件有共同点，后文提到阳光强烈、气温低。B选项“The air is usually dry and thin.”描述了高原空气干燥稀薄的特点，与后文的气候特征并列，符合语境。 73．前文提到青藏高原以美丽的风景闻名，后文提到珠穆朗玛峰、黄河、长江等景观。D选项“It shows a large picture of snow mountains, green forests, wide grasslands, running goats and flying birds.”描绘了高原的多样风光，与前文的“beautiful scenery”相呼应。 74．前文提到高原有丰富的自然资源，后文提到很多可以入药。C选项“There are all kinds of wild plants.”说明了高原的野生植物资源，为后文的药用价值做铺垫。 75．前文提到2019年高原建成了5G基站，A选项“The 5G service has made the local people’s life much easier.”说明了5G基站带来的影响，承接前文的科技发展内容。 16 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项为多余选项。 76 I am a river. I have two faces. I give life: my water is fresh water, so everybody can drink it and use it for farming and washing. 77 When I flood, I sometimes destroy homes and lives. Nothing can get in my way. I am a desert. 78 I am very hot during the day and very cold at night. Nobody wants to live in such difficult conditions, but a few plants and animals can survive. How amazing! 79 I am huge. I cover more than two-thirds of the earth’s surface, so people call the earth the “Blue Planet”. What a beautiful name! I am home to hundreds of thousands of living things. I am a forest. I am full of trees, and I produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe. 80 , usually green in summer and golden brown in autumn. A．My body is mostly made of sand and I seldom see rain. B．But I am also very powerful. C．I am the ocean. D．I wear different colors in different seasons E．I am the earth. F．Hello from different landscapes. G．I am afraid of fire. 【答案】76．F 77．B 78．A 79．C 80．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了河流、沙漠、海洋、森林四种不同自然地貌的自身特点、作用与环境特征。 76．文章开篇总起全文，后文依次介绍河流、沙漠、海洋、森林四种地貌。F项“Hello from different landscapes (来自万千地貌的问候)”起到总领下文、引出各类地貌介绍的作用，契合开篇行文逻辑。 77．前文讲述河流能给予生命、供人们饮用和劳作，后文又说到洪水会摧毁家园、威力巨大。B项“But I am also very powerful”形成转折，衔接河流有益和有破坏力两方面特点。 78．本段介绍沙漠，后文提及昼夜温差大、生存环境恶劣。A项“My body is mostly made of sand and I seldom see rain”具体说明沙漠由沙子构成、降雨稀少的典型特征，贴合沙漠语境。 79．后文讲到覆盖地球三分之二表面积、被称作蓝色星球，是海洋的典型特点。C项“I am the ocean”引出海洋主体，开启对海洋的介绍。 80．后文说明夏天通常是绿色、秋天是金棕色，是颜色随季节变化的描述。D项“I wear different colors in different seasons”总述森林随季节变换色彩，与后文内容对应衔接。 考向五、防灾救灾、互相帮助 17 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When a natural disaster happens, knowing what to do can save your life. Here are some important safety tips for different situations. ◆ During an earthquake: If you are indoors, remember to drop, cover, and hold on. Get under a strong table or desk. 81 If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines. ◆ During a flood: Move to higher ground immediately. 82 If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground. Never try to walk or drive through floodwater—it might be deeper or faster than it looks. ◆ During a typhoon: Stay inside and keep away from windows. 83 If the wind becomes very strong, move to a small room without windows, like a bathroom. Listen to the radio for news and instructions. ◆ During a lightning storm: Avoid open fields and hilltops. 84 If you are in a forest, stay near lower trees. If you are with a group, spread out to reduce the risk of multiple injuries. ◆ After a disaster: Be careful of dangers like fallen power lines or broken glass. 85 Help others if you can, but don’t put yourself in danger. Wait for instructions from officials before returning home. A．Do not stay in a car during a flood. B．Always play outside during a storm. C．Stay away from water, tall or isolated trees, and metal objects. D．Close all windows and doors to protect your home. E．Check yourself and others for injuries. F．Protect your head and neck with your arms. G．Go to the beach to watch the storm. 【答案】81．F 82．A 83．D 84．C 85．E 【导语】本文介绍了地震、洪水、台风、雷雨灾害发生时以及灾后对应的安全自救避险小贴士。 81．前文提到“Get under a strong table or desk.”，同时根据地震避险常识，遭遇地震时，我们要趴下、遮挡、抓紧，同时用手臂护住头颈。选项F符合应急知识。 82．根据后文“If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground.”如果你在车里水位上涨，立刻下车去高处。对应逻辑，洪水时不要待在车内。 83．应对台风正确做法是待在室内，远离窗户，并关好门窗。前文已经提到“Stay inside and keep away from windows.”，后文则应说明关闭好门窗。 84．根据雷雨常识，闪电易击中树木、水、金属，所以要远离这些东西。 85．灾后第一步为检查自己和他人有无受伤。同时根据后文“Help others if you can”，我们需要先检查他人是否需要帮助，才能去帮助他人。 18 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 After a natural disaster, it’s normal to feel scared, sad, or worried. These feelings are part of how we react to stressful events. Here are some ways to cope with your feelings and help others do the same. Talk about your feelings. 86 Share what you experienced and how you feel. You don’t have to go through it alone. Stay connected with family and friends. 87 Spend time with people you care about. Play games, watch movies, or just sit together. Being with others can help you feel safe and supported. Take care of your body. 88 Eat healthy meals, drink enough water, and try to get enough sleep. When your body feels better, your mind often feels better too. Help others. 89 You can help clean up, share food, or just listen to someone who needs to talk. Helping others can make you feel useful and strong. Take breaks from the news. 90 Give yourself time to do things you enjoy—read a book, draw, or play outside. It’s okay to take a break and have fun. Remember, everyone reacts differently to disasters. Some feelings may last for a while, but they usually get better with time. If your feelings don’t improve, it’s important to talk to a trusted adult or a counselor (辅导员). A．Watching too much news can make you feel more worried. B．Keep all your feelings inside. C．Helping others can also help you feel better. D．Find someone you trust—a parent, teacher, or friend. E．Don’t stay alone for too long. F．Play outside during a storm. G．Your body needs rest and good food to recover from stress. 【答案】86．D 87．E 88．G 89．C 90．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了自然灾害后应对负面情绪的几种方法，包括倾诉感受、与亲友保持联系、照顾身体、帮助他人以及暂停关注新闻。 86．前文建议谈论自己的感受，后文说明分享经历和感受，不必独自承受，D选项“Find someone you trust—a parent, teacher, or friend.”具体指出了可以倾诉的对象，与前后文关于分享感受的内容形成逻辑关系。 87．前文建议与家人和朋友保持联系，后文说明与在乎的人共度时光，一起玩游戏、看电影或只是坐在一起，E选项“Don’t stay alone for too long.”强调了避免独处的重要性，与前后文关于陪伴的内容形成因果。 88．前文建议照顾好自己的身体，后文说明吃健康餐、喝足水、保证充足睡眠，G选项“Your body needs rest and good food to recover from stress.”解释了照顾身体的原因，与前后文关于身体与心理关系的内容形成逻辑关系。 89．前文建议帮助他人，后文举例说明可以帮忙清理、分享食物或倾听需要诉说的人，C选项“Helping others can also help you feel better.”总结了帮助他人的积极作用，与前后文关于助人益处的内容一致。 90．前文建议暂停关注新闻，后文说明给自己时间做喜欢的事情，A选项“Watching too much news can make you feel more worried.”解释了需要暂停关注新闻的原因，与前后文关于休息和娱乐的内容形成因果。 19 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A flood can happen very quickly, especially after heavy rain or when rivers rise. Knowing what to do before, during, and after a flood can keep you and your family safe. Before a flood: • Learn if your home is in a flood-prone area. • Prepare an emergency kit with water, food, and medicine. • 91 Keep important documents in a waterproof bag. • Plan how your family will escape to higher ground. During a flood: • Move to higher ground immediately. 92 • If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground. Just six inches of moving water can knock you down, and one foot of water can sweep a car away. • 93 Floodwater may contain dirty water, broken glass, or dangerous animals. • Listen to the radio for news and instructions. After a flood: • 94 It may be weakened and could fall down. • Do not drink tap water until officials say it is safe. Floodwater can pollute the water supply. • Take photos of any damage to your home for insurance (保险) purposes. • 95 Floods can be stressful. Talk about your feelings with family or friends. A．Stay away from floodwater. B．Do not return home until officials say it is safe. C．Wait for help inside your home. D．Be careful of emotional stress after the disaster. E．Make sure everyone in your family knows the plan. F．Play in the floodwater with your friends. G．Do not walk or drive through floodwater. 【答案】91．E 92．G 93．A 94．B 95．D 【导语】本文围绕洪水发生前、中、后的安全防护措施展开，给出了不同阶段的具体应对建议，帮助读者在洪水灾害中保护自己和家人的安全。 91．根据小标题“Before a flood:”及上下文逻辑，下文提到“Plan how your family will escape to higher ground.”，后文应围绕“家庭计划”的落实展开。E选项“确保家里的每个人都知道这个计划”承接上文的“计划撤离”，强调计划的普及性，符合洪水来临前的准备逻辑。 92．根据小标题“During a flood:”及前文“Move to higher ground immediately.”，此处应补充洪水期间的安全行动。G选项“不要在洪水中行走或开车”与后文“Just six inches of moving water can knock you down...”形成呼应，强调洪水的危险性，符合洪水期间的避险逻辑。 93．根据后文“Floodwater may contain dirty water, broken glass, or dangerous animals.”，此处应围绕“远离洪水”展开。A选项“远离洪水”直接点明核心建议，与后文解释洪水危险性的内容逻辑一致。 94．根据小标题“After a flood:”及后文“It may be weakened and could fall down.”，此处应围绕“洪水后回家的安全性”展开。B选项“在官方确认安全之前不要回家”承接后文“房屋可能倒塌”的风险，强调回家前需等待官方通知，符合洪水过后的安全逻辑。 95．根据后文“Floods can be stressful. Talk about your feelings with family or friends.”，此处应围绕“洪水后的心理压力”展开。D选项“注意灾难后的情绪压力”直接点明主题，与后文“谈论感受”的建议逻辑一致，强调洪水后的心理防护。 20 阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。(选项中有一项多余) Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes are very strong. Especially, when they happen in cities, they can be very serious. 96 Here are some tips to help you keep safe. Before an earthquake happens, you should always prepare an emergency kit at home. In the kit, you should keep enough food and water, a flashlight, a first-aid box, and other useful things. 97 If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is safer than standing in the middle of a room. Remember to protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. 98 If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks after most earthquakes. 99 And they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake. When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. Some may need help. You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay calm. 100 A．We call them aftershocks. B．Do not try to run out of the building. C．No one expects to experience an earthquake. D．Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. E．That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake. F．Being prepared can help you stay calm when danger comes. 【答案】96．D 97．F 98．B 99．A 100．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震发生前后的安全避险知识，包括震前准备、震中室内外避险方法及震后注意事项，旨在指导人们在地震中保护自身安全。 96．第一段第三句“Especially, when they happen in cities, they can be very serious.”与下文“Here are some tips to help you keep safe.”之间，需承上启下。前文提到地震很严重，该句承接上文说明地震的危害，自然引出下文的安全建议，逻辑连贯。 97．第二段整段，介绍震前准备应急包。“Before an earthquake happens, you should always prepare an emergency kit at home.”，前文讲震前准备应急包，该句总结“提前准备”的作用，承接上文，点明准备工作的意义。 98．第三段，介绍地震发生时室内避险方法。“If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a strong table or desk… Stay away from windows, tall furniture…”，前文讲室内避险的安全位置和注意事项，该句补充说明“不要试图跑出大楼”，符合室内避险的逻辑，是震中室内的重要禁忌。 99．第五段第二句“There will be some shocks after most earthquakes.”与下文“And they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake.”之间。前文提到地震后的余震，该句定义“aftershocks（余震）”，后文的they指代该词，前后指代一致，逻辑连贯。 100．第六段，介绍震后注意事项，前文提到“You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay calm.” ，前文强调震后要保持冷静，该句中的That指代“stay calm”，说明保持冷静是地震中最重要的事，总结本段内容。 考向六、跨文化交流、互相尊重 21 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的选项补全短文，选项中有一个多余选项。 Every year, when the Dragon Boat Festival comes, Chinese people often hang a kind of plant on the door. It is called wormwood (艾草). 101 On the other hand, its special smell can also keep insects (昆虫) away from rooms. In fact, wormwood tastes bitter (苦的) but smells very nice. 102 So it can be seen in Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》). This book is widely believed to be the classic of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The writer of the book is Li Shizhen. 103 Wormwood is famous for its ability (能力) to treat (治疗) a great number of illnesses. Hundreds of years later, in Qichun, Hubei Province, it is still working for people there. Recently, Qichun has been busy preparing for the World Wormwood Industry (工业) Show. 104 And it will be good for the popularity of TCM and the traditional Chinese culture. Wormwood has become the main industry in this place. 105 At the same time, wormwood is gradually known around the world as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine. A．Wormwood can be eaten in many ways. B．It will be showed during the Dragon Boat Festival. C．He was a very famous TCM expert during the Ming Dynasty. D．Many years ago, people began to use wormwood as a kind of medicine. E．On the one hand, people believe that wormwood can take away bad luck. F．The life of people there is getting better and better by growing wormwood. 【答案】101．E 102．D 103．C 104．B 105．F 【导语】本文讲述了端午节时中国人常在门上挂艾草的习俗，介绍了艾草的作用、药用价值、相关活动以及对当地的影响，还提到艾草逐渐在世界范围内作为中药被知晓。 101．前文提到中国人常在门上挂艾草，后文提到另一方面艾草的特殊气味能驱虫，此处需引出挂艾草的一个方面作用，E项“On the one hand, people believe that wormwood can take away bad luck.”从一方面阐述了挂艾草的作用，与后文“On the other hand”相呼应，逻辑连贯。 102．前文提到艾草味苦但气味好闻，后文提到所以它能在《本草纲目》中出现，此处需要说明艾草和《本草纲目》的关联，D项“Many years ago, people began to use wormwood as a kind of medicine.”表明艾草作为药用，所以能出现在医书中，符合语境。 103．前文提到《本草纲目》的作者是李时珍，此处需要补充关于李时珍的信息，C项“He was a very famous TCM expert during the Ming Dynasty.”介绍了李时珍是明朝著名的中医专家，符合语境。 104．前文提到蕲春正忙着准备世界艾草产业展，此处需要说明展会的时间等信息，B项“It will be showed during the Dragon Boat Festival.”说明了展会将在端午节期间举办，符合语境。 105．前文提到艾草已成为当地的主要产业，此处需要说明艾草产业对当地的影响，F项“The life of people there is getting better and better by growing wormwood.”表明当地人通过种植艾草生活越来越好，符合语境。 22 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some rules. 106 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you hold chopsticks is important to avoid making others uncomfortable. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together. 107 Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it's considered rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 108 . Instead, they prefer to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. Making Requests 109 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem strange, but they are important in various countries. 110 . A．Mexicans consider it impolite to eat with utensils. B．It may seem like a small thing to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. C．It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate. D．Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake when dining out. E．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you put them on the table. F．The more time you spend in a country, the more comfortable you will feel with its culture. 【答案】106．D 107．E 108．A 109．B 110．F 【详解】本文主要介绍了外出就餐时需要了解的一些重要文化餐饮礼节。 1.根据上文可知，文化餐饮礼节中的一些规矩可能令人惊讶，选项D“外出就餐时，别让人发现你犯了令人尴尬的错误。”符合语境。故选D。 2.根据上文可知，本段讲的是使用筷子时需要注意的礼节，选项E“用餐时切勿将它们竖直插在食物中，也不要在你把它们放在桌子上时交叉”符合语境。故选E。 3.根据上下文可知，不同国家使用餐具的习惯不同，有些国家倾向于用餐具，有些国家倾向于用手，选项A“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不礼貌的”符合语境。故选A。 4.根据小标题可知，本段和点餐时提出请求有关，选项B“用餐时索要盐和胡椒看似是一件小事”符合语境。故选B。 5.根据上文可知，文化餐饮礼节中的一些规矩可能看似奇怪，但在不同国家它们都很重要，选项F“你在一个国家的时间越长，你就会对它的文化感到越舒适”符合语境。故选F。 23 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In Western соuntries, уou should be саrеful whеn giving gifts. Nеvеr givе а gift in a jоb interviеw оr at а businеss mеeting. 111 or аs a “thank уоu” fоr sресial invitаtiоns or еvents. Whеn arriving at а special sоciаl gathering (聚会), уou mаy give yоur gift tо the host once the introductions аre mаdе. With gift giving, а few rules shоuld bе given muсh attention to. 112 Do not buу tоо ехpensive gifts. А small but dеlicatе (精致的) gift is а gоod chоiсe. A sрeciаl fоod frоm уour cоuntry, а bottle of winе, cаndies, flowers are thе best if you dо nоt knоw thе hоst vеry well, but be сertаin thаt yоur gift will not draw muсh attеntiоn. 113 You cаn usuallу sаy sоmething like, “I hоpе yоu will likе it.” whеn you оffеr your gift. 114 A bоttlе of winе is usuаllу all right if уоu know уour hоst drinks winе, but hаrd аlсohоl, suсh as whisky (威士忌) shоuld onlу bе given as а gift whеn уou knоw thе hоst well and аre cеrtain that hе would welсomе suсh a gift. А small сulturаl gift frоm yоur cоuntry is usuаllу vеry prоpеr. 115 А niсe card with it will bе bеttеr. A．Вe mоdеst (适中的) with уоur gift. B．It’s impolite to tаkе nо gift. C．Bе сarеful оf giving аlсohol. D．Мakе sure that your gift is рaсkаgеd niсelу. E．Yоu shоuld not аdd аnоthеr mаttеr tо the host. F．Тaking a bunсh of flоwers with уou is nеcessary. G．Gifts аrе usually givеn during speciаl hоlidaуs, 【答案】111．G 112．A 113．E 114．C 115．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了在西方国家送礼物时需要注意的礼仪规则。 111．根据前文“Never give a gift in a job interview or at a business meeting.”以及后文“or as a ‘thank you’ for special invitations or events”可知，礼物通常在特殊场合赠送。选项G“Gifts are usually given during special holidays.”礼物通常在特殊节日赠送。符合语境。 112．根据本段中“Do not buy too expensive gifts. A small but delicate gift is a good choice.”可知，本段强调礼物要适度，不要太贵重。选项A“Be modest with your gift.”送礼要适度。概括了本段主旨。 113．前文提到要确保礼物不会太引人注目，后文提到送礼物时可以说“希望你喜欢”。此处需补充一个关于不给主人添麻烦的句子。选项E“You should not add another matter to the host.”你不应该给主人添麻烦。符合语境。 114．本段主要讨论送酒的注意事项：葡萄酒通常可以，但烈酒需谨慎。选项C“Be careful of giving alcohol.”送酒要小心。直接概括本段内容。 115．前文说送小文化礼物很合适，后文提到“A nice card with it will be better.”，此处应提到礼物的包装。选项D“Make sure that your gift is packaged nicely.”确保你的礼物包装精美。符合逻辑，并且与卡片相呼应。 24 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Making friends from different cultures can be an exciting and rewarding experience. Here are some tips to help you build friendships across cultures. ◆ Be open and curious. Show genuine interest in your friend’s culture. 116 Ask about their festivals, food, and daily life. People appreciate it when others want to learn about their background. ◆ Share your own culture. Friendship is a two-way street. 117 Share stories about your traditions and customs. Cook a dish from your country for them. Teaching others about your culture helps them understand you better. ◆ Be patient with communication. Language barriers can be challenging. 118 If you don’t understand something, ask politely. Don’t pretend to understand when you don’t. Your friend will appreciate your honesty. ◆ Respect differences. 119 What is normal in your culture might be strange in theirs. Don’t judge quickly. Instead, try to understand why they do things that way. Remember, different doesn’t mean wrong. ◆ Celebrate together. Invite your friend to celebrate your festivals. 120 Join them for their important celebrations too. Sharing special moments creates lasting memories and deepens your friendship. Building cross-cultural friendships takes time and effort, but the rewards are worth it. You’ll gain a friend for life and learn so much about the world! A．If your friend speaks slowly, be patient. B．Stay in your comfort zone and avoid new people. C．Similarly, show interest in their special days. D．Don’t be afraid to teach others about your background. E．You might have different customs or beliefs. F．Ask them questions in a friendly way. G．Keep your opinions to yourself. 【答案】116．F 117．D 118．A 119．E 120．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了与不同文化背景的人建立友谊的方法，包括保持开放好奇、分享自身文化、耐心沟通、尊重差异以及共同庆祝。 116．前文建议对他人的文化表现出真诚的兴趣，后文说明询问他们的节日、食物和日常生活，F选项“Ask them questions in a friendly way.”具体指出了提问的方式，与前后文关于了解对方文化的内容形成逻辑。 117．前文指出友谊是双向的，后文建议分享自己国家的传统和习俗，D选项“Don’t be afraid to teach others about your background.”鼓励分享自身文化背景，与前后文关于双向交流的内容一致。 118．前文指出语言障碍可能具有挑战性，后文说明如果不理解某事要有礼貌地询问，A选项“If your friend speaks slowly, be patient.”具体指出了沟通中需要耐心的态度，与前后文关于克服语言障碍的内容形成逻辑。 119．前文建议尊重差异，后文说明在你的文化中正常的事在他们的文化中可能很奇怪，E选项“You might have different customs or beliefs.”概括了文化差异的具体表现，与前后文关于尊重和理解差异的内容形成因果。 120．前文建议邀请朋友一起庆祝你的节日，后文说明也加入他们的重要庆祝活动，C选项“Similarly, show interest in their special days.”与前后文关于共同庆祝的内容形成并列，指出也要关注对方的重要日子。 考向七、读好书、学道理 25 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever kept reading at night because you just couldn’t put a book down? The rising action in a story is the events that cause trouble and get people interested. 121 That feeling makes you keep turning the pages until you reach the story climax (高潮). 122 For example, the rising action in The Three Little Pigs begins when the pigs set out and start making their own choices. You may guess that two of the pigs are making a big mistake when they choose weak materials to build their houses. Small worries, along with the wolf hiding nearby, build suspense (悬念). 123 The tension grows each time the wolf blows down a house. The action keeps rising until the final fight between the third pig and the wolf. 124 In books, the rising action includes the decisions, past events, and character mistakes that move a story from the beginning toward the climax. When you read a novel, pay attention to clues (线索) about future events. 125 This will help you understand how rising action develops in the books you read. A．They give you that exciting feeling. B．Think about the parts that make you feel nervous. C．This example shows what rising action really means. D．It is very easy to find the climax in every story you read. E．As you read, you feel that the pigs are heading for big trouble. F．Good reading habits can help you become a better story writer. G．You can find rising action in many kinds of stories, from big novels to simple children’s tales. 【答案】121．A 122．G 123．E 124．C 125．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文学作品中情节上升的含义、作用、常见载体，结合《三只小猪》举例说明，并给出阅读时识别该写作要素的方法。    【详解】121．前文介绍情节上升是制造麻烦、引发兴趣的事件，后文提到这种感受会让人不停翻书直到故事高潮。 A选项“They give you that exciting feeling.”承接前文概念，衔接后文阅读感受，逻辑通顺。 122．后文以《三只小猪》举例说明情节上升，G选项“You can find rising action in many kinds of stories, from big novels to simple children’s tales.”引出下文例子，起到总起作用。 123．前文提到小猪用脆弱材料建房是重大失误，附近有狼制造悬念。E选项“As you read, you feel that the pigs are heading for big trouble.”承接前文，渲染紧张氛围，贴合情节上升的特点。 124．前文完整举完《三只小猪》的例子，C选项“This example shows what rising action really means.”总结上文例子，引出下文对书籍中情节上升的讲解。 125．前文提到阅读小说时留意未来事件的线索，B选项“Think about the parts that make you feel nervous.”承接上文阅读方法，帮助理解情节上升的发展方式。 26 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 China is a country with a long history. It has great traditional culture. Among the Chinese classics, The Book of Songs (《诗经》) and Historical Records (《史记》) are two of the most important works. 126 The Book of Songs, also known as Shijing, is the earliest collection of poetry in China. 127 This book not only describes people’s daily life, but also teaches people to be honest and strong. Among all the poems in this book, my favorite is called Homecoming after the War (《采薇》). This poem mainly talks about how soldiers had to leave their homes to fight for many years. They missed their homeland very much. 128 By reading the poem, we can feel their sadness and see how hard the wars could be. Historical Records, or Shiji, is the first biographical (传记的) general history of China. Sima Qian, an official of the Western Han Dynasty, wrote it. 129 This book is divided into 130 chapters (篇章). We can read the stories of many people in this book. 130 For example, there’s Da Yu, who tried so hard to stop a big flood. For the safety of the common people, he refused to enter his home many times when he passed by. A．But they couldn’t return because of the war. B．Here are book reviews of these two classics. C．It covers Chinese history from the Yellow Emperor to the middle Han Dynasty. D．It includes 305 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period. E．They fought for their own countries. F．I really like how the writer describes different people. G．The Book of Songs was written by Sima Qian. 【答案】126．B 127．D 128．A 129．C 130．F 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了中国两部重要的古典名著《诗经》和《史记》，分别讲述了它们的内容、特点及文化价值。 【详解】126．根据下文分别介绍《诗经》和《史记》的内容可知，此处需要一个总起句引出对这两部经典的评述。选项B“Here are book reviews of these two classics.（以下是对这两部经典的书评）” 符合上下文逻辑。故填B。 127．根据上文“The Book of Songs... is the earliest collection of poetry in China.”可知，此处需要补充《诗经》的具体信息。选项D“It includes 305 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period.（它收录了从西周初年到春秋中期的 305 首诗歌）” 是对《诗经》的详细介绍，符合语境。故填D。 128．根据上文“This poem mainly talks about how soldiers had to leave their homes to fight for many years. They missed their homeland very much.” 可知，此处需要承接士兵思乡却无法归家的内容。选项A“But they couldn’t return because of the war.（但因为战争他们无法回家）” 与前文形成转折，衔接自然。故填A。 129．根据上文“Historical Records... is the first biographical general history of China. Sima Qian... wrote it.” 可知，此处需要补充《史记》的历史跨度。选项C“It covers Chinese history from the Yellow Emperor to the middle Han Dynasty.（它记载了从黄帝到汉武帝中期的中国历史）” 符合《史记》的内容特点。故填C。 130．根据下文“For example, there’s Da Yu... he refused to enter his home many times when he passed by.” 可知，此处需要引出《史记》中人物故事的特点。选项F“I really like how the writer describes different people.（我很喜欢作者描写不同人物的方式）” 与下文举例相呼应。故填F。 27 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 In ancient China, there was a man named Bo Le, who was very good at judging good horses (相马). He wrote a book called On the Physiognomy of Horses (《相马经》). 131 Bo Le’s son wanted to learn his father’s special skill and knowledge. 132 Whenever he went out, he would carry the book with him. As soon as he saw a horse, he would take out the book at once. Then, he compared the horse with the drawings of all kinds of horses in the book one by one. 133 He led it home to his father, but it turned out to be an inferior (低等的) horse with a bad temperament (性格), far from being a good horse which could run 1,000 li a day. 134 Bo Le said to his son, “If you look for a good horse only with the help of drawings, how can you find a really fine one?” This story tells us a truth. 135 Only in this way can we truly master a skill or knowledge. A．One day, he finally found a horse similar to the drawing in the book. B．Bo Le’s son became cleverer and cleverer. C．He read the book over and over again. D．He was very sad and wanted to know why. E．We should not depend only on books, but also need to connect them with real practice. F．It was a classic book on that subject. 【答案】131．F 132．C 133．A 134．D 135．E 【导语】本文主要讲了一个经典的中国成语故事——“按图索骥”。 131．空前介绍伯乐写了《相马经》，F选项“It was a classic book on that subject.”承接上文介绍这本书，逻辑通顺。 132．空前说明儿子想学习父亲的相马技能，空后提到他出门带书对照，C选项“He read the book over and over again.”衔接自然，符合语境。 133．空后提到他把马牵回家给父亲看，A选项“One day, he finally found a horse similar to the drawing in the book”引出下文，符合逻辑。 134．空前提到找到的马不是千里马，空后是伯乐解答疑问，D选项“He was very sad and wanted to know why.”衔接上下文。 135．空后总结点明只有这样才能掌握技能，E选项“We should not depend only on books, but also need to connect them with real practice.”点明故事主旨，符合要求。 28 阅读下面材料，从选项中所给的A到F六个选项中选出正确选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入第 小题。 Many people enjoy reading books about travelling. 136 And some people like adventures. Here are some great books about travelling. The first one is Travels of Xu Xiake and it was created by a Chinese man. The writer of this book is Xu Xiake and he enjoyed travelling very much. In his life, he travelled to many different places. And he wrote many of his experiences in Travels of Xu Xiake. 137 It is a very helpful book for people to study Chinese geography, language, and other things. The second one is On the Road and its writer is Jack Kerouac. Jack wrote this book in April, 1951. Sal is the main character of this book. 138 And finally, they get to Mexico. They talk a lot and do some exciting and dangerous things on the way. The third one is Around the World in Eighty Days. The famous French writer whose name is Jules Gabriel Verne wrote this book in 1872. In the book, Fogg who is an English man bets (用……打赌) with his friends. He thinks he can travel around the world in eighty days. 139 Finally, he gets back to London successfully. 140 Which one is your favourite one? Can you share it with us? 选项： A．There are other travelling books in the world. B．Fogg is the main character of the book On the Road. C．This book records Xu Xiake’s trips from 1613 to 1639. D．Sal travels across many regions with other young people. E．Some people want to know interesting stories during trips. F．Then Fogg starts his adventure trip and visits many places. 【答案】136．E 137．C 138．D 139．F 140．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几本关于旅行的书籍，包括《徐霞客游记》《在路上》和《八十天环游地球》，并简要阐述了这些书的内容及特点。 136．根据上文“Many people enjoy reading books about travelling.”以及下文“And some people like adventures.”可知，此处应阐述人们喜欢旅行类书籍的原因，E选项“Some people want to know interesting stories during trips.”（有些人想在旅行中了解有趣的故事）符合语境，承上启下。 137．上文介绍了《徐霞客游记》的作者徐霞客以及他的旅行经历，下文提到这本书对研究中国地理、语言等很有帮助，C选项“这本书记录了徐霞客从1613年到1639年的旅行”，进一步介绍了这本书的内容，符合语境。 138．上文提到《在路上》的主角是Sal，下文说“Finally, they get to Mexico.”，D选项“Sal和其他年轻人一起游历了许多地区”，承接上文对主角的介绍，引出下文的旅行结果，符合语境。 139．上文提到Fogg和朋友打赌能在八十天内环游世界，下文说“Finally, he gets back to London successfully.”，F选项“然后Fogg开始了他的冒险之旅，参观了许多地方”，承接上文的打赌，引出下文的旅行结果，符合语境。 140．上文介绍了三本旅行类书籍，下文问“Which one is your favourite one?”，A选项“世界上还有其他旅行类书籍”，起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对读者最喜欢哪本书的提问，符合语境。 考向八、志愿服务，构建和谐美好社会 29 请阅读短文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯，并在答题卷上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 When we talk about helping others, many people think it needs money or great power. 141 In fact, kindness lies in small daily acts that everyone can do. In our school life, we can easily find people around us who need help. 142 For example, we can lend a hand to classmates who struggle with their lessons, or cheer up friends who feel upset and lonely. Volunteering is another meaningful way to support those in need. On weekends, many students join community groups. 143 Spending time with them brings warmth and makes their life less boring. Besides, we know about people living a hard life in faraway areas. We can give away our unused books, clothes and stationery. 144 They will help poor children in mountain areas keep learning and growing happily. Helping others never means losing something. 145 It also makes our hearts full of joy and teaches us to value what we have. A．We should buy expensive presents for people in need. B．These simple gifts are still useful and full of our love. C．It actually brings us happiness and valuable life experience. D．However, this idea is not completely right. E．You may wonder what small things you can do to help others. F．We can stay with lonely old people and listen to their stories. 【答案】141．D 142．E 143．F 144．B 145．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要围绕“帮助他人”这一主题，纠正了人们的错误认知，阐述了帮助他人的方式与意义。 【详解】141．前文“When we talk about helping others, many people think it needs money or great power.”提到很多人认为帮助别人需要钱或能力；后文“In fact, kindness lies in small daily acts that everyone can do.”提到善意在小事中，所以此处表示转折，选项D“然而，这个想法并不完全正确。”符合语境。 142．前文“In our school life, we can easily find people around us who need help.”提到在学校生活中，我们很容易找到周围需要帮助的人；后文“For example, we can lend a hand to classmates who struggle with their lessons, or cheer up friends who feel upset and lonely.”举例了在学校里能做的帮助他人的小事，所以此处需要过渡句引出“能做的小事”，选项E“你可能想知道你能做些什么小事情来帮助别人。”承接前文，并引出下文的例子，符合语境。 143．前文“On weekends, many students join community groups.”提到许多学生在周末参加社区志愿团体；后文“Spending time with them brings warmth and makes their life less boring.”提到与他们共度时光会带来温暖，让他们的生活不那么无聊，可知此处应提到和谁共度时光，选项F“我们可以和孤独的老人待在一起，听他们的故事。”符合语境。 144．前文“We can give away our unused books, clothes and stationery.”提到捐赠不用的书籍、衣服和文具；后文“They will help poor children in mountain areas keep learning and growing happily.”提到它们将帮助山区的贫困儿童继续快乐地学习和成长，此处应和前文提到的捐赠物品有关，选项B“这些简单的礼物仍然有用，充满了我们的爱。”符合语境。 145．前文“Helping others never means losing something.”提到帮助别人不是失去什么；后文“It also makes our heart full of joy and teaches us to value what we have.”提到帮助别人会带来快乐，选项C“它实际上给我们带来了幸福和宝贵的生活经验。”阐述了帮助他人的真正意义，符合语境。 30 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Every day, Liu Hongyan walks along the Great Wall. She is a 45-year-old guardian (守护者) from Shixia village. Her uncle spent all his life protecting the Great Wall and he often told her stories about the Wall when she was a child. 146 In 2019, she became a guardian after passing some tests. Her dream came true. Now she walks 20 km every weekday with her team. Their job is to keep the Great Wall clean and safe. Her team also works with local (当地的) schools. 147 “The children love learning about the Wall,” she says. 148 Once, she hurt her foot badly. Her husband helped her finish patrols (巡逻) that week. Sometimes they meet people who climb parts of the Wall, but the parts are not open. “Please leave,” she says. “It’s dangerous and it breaks the rules.” But not all people can understand and some will argue with them. Now more people help protect the Wall. “Rubbish is now less common. 149 ” Liu says. “I’m so happy to see that and we together keep the Great Wall clean and safe for everyone.” Liu’s uncle passed the job and duty (责任) to her. “This is not just work,” she says. “It’s part of my family’s story. 150 ”. With the help of Liu and her team, good changes of “her home” are happening every day. A．It feels like taking care of my own home. B．It made her want to be just like her uncle. C．More volunteers join in our clean-up events. D．She always climbed the Wall at a young age. E．They teach students about the Wall’s history. F．However, Liu and her team have faced many problems. 【答案】146．B 147．E 148．F 149．C 150．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了来自石匣村的长城守护人刘红艳守护长城的故事，包括她成为守护者的原因、日常工作内容、工作中遇到的问题以及如今长城保护的良好变化等。 146．前文提到她的叔叔一生都在保护长城并且给她讲长城的故事，B选项“It made her want to be just like her uncle.”，这里的it指代叔叔给她讲故事这件事，符合上下文逻辑，说明叔叔的行为对她产生了影响，使她也想成为长城守护者。 147．前面说她的团队和当地学校合作，E选项“They teach students about the Wall’s history.”，阐述了团队和学校合作的具体内容，符合语境。 148．后文列举了她受伤以及遇到有人不遵守规定爬未开放的长城等问题，F选项“However, Liu and her team have faced many problems.”，起到了引出下文问题的作用。 149．前文说现在更多人帮助保护长城，垃圾也不那么常见了，C选项“More volunteers join in our clean-up events.”，进一步说明了更多人参与保护长城的具体表现，即更多志愿者参与清理活动，符合文意。 150．前文说这不仅仅是工作，是她家族故事的一部分，A选项“It feels like taking care of my own home.”，进一步表达了她对保护长城的情感，把长城当作自己的家一样对待，符合语境。 31 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone can do something to make our society better. Being a volunteer is a good way. If you don’t know what volunteer work you can do, here are four activities. Volunteer for the elderly You can go to the old people’s homes to offer them your care. It is a good act to look after people. 151 . You will see that they will add value to your lives more than you add to theirs. Volunteer in a nursing home 152 . You can look after them and make friends with them. In fact, having sick people around you will make you look at situations in a different way and enjoy the beauty of life and good health. 153 If you are good at English, you can help those who would like to learn. They can be children, village students, adults, or anyone who wants to learn a new language. As far as the places, it can be in an English club or the community service centre. Volunteer to help animals If you are an animal lover, you’d better not buy dogs or cats from pet shops. You can adopt (收养) street dogs or cats. If you don’t want to keep a pet, you can pay a visit to an animal shelter to look after the lovely animals. 154 . 155 . Choose one of the above activities and you will find that everyone can do much and make a great difference. A．Volunteer to teach English B．We should listen to them and care for them C．Volunteer to be in an after-school study program D．Donating some money is also a good choice E．A home for patients is a good place to start your volunteer activities F．Old people are much more experienced than your friends and classmates G．There is no act better than lending a hand in helping build a better society 【答案】151．F 152．E 153．A 154．D 155．G 【导语】本文介绍四种志愿服务活动：关爱老人、帮助病人、教英语、救助动物，鼓励人们参与志愿活动共建美好社会。 151．本段主题为老年人志愿服务，空后指出老年人能给你的生活增添更多价值，F选项“Old people are much more experienced than your friends and classmates”提到老年人比你的朋友同学更有经验，呼应后文“给你的生活带来更多价值”，衔接自然。 152．本段主题为在养老院做志愿者，下文提到照顾生病的人群，E选项“A home for patients is a good place to start your volunteer activities”引出下文，符合文意。 153．本段介绍的是教英语的志愿活动，A选项“Volunteer to teach English”契合段落主题。 154．本段介绍帮助动物的志愿活动，前文已经提到收养、去动物收容所照顾两种方式，D选项“Donating some money is also a good choice”提供另一种帮助动物的方式，符合语境。 155．此空位于结尾，总结全文，呼应开头“每个人都可以让社会变得更好”的核心，G选项“There is no act better than lending a hand in helping build a better society”总结了伸出援手建设更好社会的意义，衔接下文的呼吁。 32 Are kids too young to volunteer? An 11-year-old American girl, Josephine Lavoie, shows us that kids can make a difference in the lives of others. Five years ago, Josephine started volunteering by organizing an activity. 156 From then on, Josephine began to look for more ways to help others. She organized beach or waterway cleanup activities. She also made cards for old people in the old people’s homes to cheer them up. 157 Josephine gets her ideas for volunteering from things she learns and people she meets. 158 “I have a few friends from foster homes (寄养家庭),” she said. “Foster kids often don’t have much. So I collected new clothes, school things and books and put them in nice bags. 159 ” Josephine gave the filled bags to at least 400 foster kids. “ 160 Even the smallest things we do can make the world a better place,” Josephine says. 根据材料内容,从下面七个选项中选出五个能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．We are looking for some volunteers to help with kids’ maths homework. B．In this way, the kids will have both new things and nice bags. C．She will keep on helping more sick kids improve their health. D．She even started a little free library in her town. E．Although we are young, we need to give back to the world. F．One recent idea came from her friends. G．She collected toys and sent them to kids in a children’s hospital. 【答案】156．G 157．D 158．F 159．B 160．E 【导语】本文讲述了11岁美国女孩Josephine Lavoie从五年前开始做志愿者的经历。她通过组织活动、清理海滩、为老人制作卡片、建立免费图书馆、为寄养家庭儿童收集物品等方式帮助他人，并呼吁年轻人也要回馈社会，从小事做起让世界更美好。 156．空格处在“organizing an activity”之后，“From then on”之前。此处需要描述她五年前组织的第一个志愿活动。选项G“She collected toys and sent them to kids in a children’s hospital.”是一个具体的活动，与后文“从那时起她开始寻找更多方式”形成时间上的承接关系，且没有使用“even”等递进词，适合作为起始活动。 157．空格处位于第二段末尾，在列举了清理海滩、为老人制作卡片之后。此处需要一个递进补充的活动。选项D“She even started a little free library in her town.”中的“even”表示进一步的行为，符合她不断寻找更多帮助方式的语境，且与前面两项活动并列不冲突。 158．空格在“Josephine gets her ideas...from people she meets.”之后，引号之前。选项F“One recent idea came from her friends.”直接解释了想法来源，并自然引出下文她提到收养家庭的朋友，逻辑通顺。 159．空格在“I collected new clothes, school things and books and put them in nice bags.”之后，引号结束前。选项B“In this way, the kids will have both new things and nice bags.”总结了她这样做的结果，使前后句意通顺，且与后文“gave the filled bags”呼应。 160．空格处位于最后一段，此处需要一个表达观点或呼吁的句子。选项E“Although we are young, we need to give back to the world.”强调了年轻人也应回馈社会，与后文“即使最小的事也能让世界更美好”在语义上递进，且语气一致。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $