内容正文:
新七年级英语暑假衔接讲义
(人教2024版)
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第3讲 Starter Unit 2 Keep Tidy! — 学习用品与What's this
适用年级:新七年级(小升初)
教材版本:人教2024版
内容说明:学习学习用品词汇、What's this/that句型、冠词a/an用法和字母Ii-Rr
Part 1 知识讲解
一、学习用品词汇
学习用品的英语表达是英语学习的基础。以下是最常见的10个学习用品单词:
英语
中文
pen
钢笔
pencil
铅笔
ruler
尺子
eraser
橡皮
book
书
英语
中文
bag
包
pencil case
铅笔盒
schoolbag
书包
notebook
笔记本
crayon
蜡笔
注意:pencil case(铅笔盒)是由pencil(铅笔)和case(盒子)组成的复合词。
二、What's this? / What's that? 问答
当我们想知道某件东西是什么时,可以用What's this?(这是什么?)或What's that?(那是什么?)来提问:
问句
答句
What's this?(这是什么?)
——近处的东西
It's a pen.(这是一支钢笔。)
What's that?(那是什么?)
——远处的东西
It's a book.(那是一本书。)
【this和that的区别】
this(这个)指离说话人较近的人或事物;that(那个)指离说话人较远的人或事物。
【a和an的选择】
在回答“It's a/an...”时,需要根据后面名词的发音选择a或an:
• It's a pen.(pen以辅音音素开头,用a)
• It's an eraser.(eraser以元音音素开头,用an)
三、冠词a / an的基本用法
a和an都是不定冠词,表示“一个”、“一支”、“一本”等含义。
冠词
用法
例词
a
用在以辅音音素开头的单词前
a pen, a ruler, a book, a pencil
an
用在以元音音素开头的单词前
an eraser, an apple, an orange
注意:判断用a还是an,是看单词的发音(音素),而不是看首字母。比如:
• an eraser(eraser以元音音素/ɪ/开头)
• an apple(apple以元音音素/æ/开头)
• a useful book(useful以辅音音素/j/开头,虽然首字母是u但发音是辅音)
四、字母Ii – Rr
本讲在Aa-Hh之后,继续学习字母Ii到Rr。下面是大写、小写形式及读音:
大写
小写
读音
I
i
/aɪ/
J
j
/dʒeɪ/
K
k
/keɪ/
L
l
/el/
M
m
/em/
N
n
/en/
O
o
/əʊ/
P
p
/piː/
Q
q
/kjuː/
R
r
/ɑː/
元音字母(发音时气流不受阻碍):Ii, Oo(共2个)
辅音字母(发音时气流受到阻碍):Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Pp, Qq, Rr(共8个)
Part 2 典型例题
1. — What's this? — ______ a pen.
A. Its
B. It
C. It's
D. Is
【答案】C 【解析】问句“What's this?”(这是什么?),答句用“It's a + 名词”结构。It's是It is的缩写形式。
2. — What's that? — It's ______ eraser.
A. a
B. an
C. /
D. the
【答案】B 【解析】eraser以元音音素/ɪ/开头,所以用不定冠词an。a用于辅音音素开头的词前。
3. 下列单词中,以元音音素开头的是:______
A. pen
B. ruler
C. eraser
D. book
【答案】C 【解析】eraser /ɪˈreɪzə/ 以元音音素/ɪ/开头。pen /pen/、ruler /ˈruːlə/、book /bʊk/ 均以辅音音素开头。
4. 下列字母中,全是元音字母的一组是:______
A. Ii, Oo
B. Jj, Kk
C. Ll, Mm
D. Pp, Qq
【答案】A 【解析】元音字母是Ii和Oo。B、C、D选项中的字母都是辅音字母。
5. — What's this? — It's a pencil. 这段对话最可能发生在什么场景?
A. 指着远处的一支铅笔问
B. 拿着近处的一支铅笔问
C. 问别人的名字
D. 说再见
【答案】B 【解析】this指近处的人或事物。对话中用了this,所以是拿着近处的铅笔在问。
Part 3 基础练习
一、写出下列字母对应的大写或小写形式。
1. i → ______
2. J → ______
3. k → ______
4. L → ______
5. M → ______
6. n → ______
7. o → ______
8. P → ______
二、选出不同类的一项。
1. A. pen B. pencil C. ruler D. hello
2. A. eraser B. book C. bag D. goodbye
3. A. what B. this C. that D. eraser
4. A. pencil case B. notebook C. schoolbag D. morning
5. A. crayon B. ruler C. pen D. hi
三、单项选择。
1. — What's this? — It's ______ eraser.
A. a
B. an
C. /
D. the
2. — What's that? — ______ a ruler.
A. Its
B. It
C. It's
D. Is
3. This is ______ pen. That is ______ orange.
A. a; a
B. an; an
C. a; an
D. an; a
4. — What's this? — It's a pencil. — And what's that? — ______ a book.
A. Its
B. It's
C. That
D. It
5. 下列字母中,是元音字母的是:______
A. Jj
B. Kk
C. Oo
D. Pp
四、从右栏中选出左栏句子的正确答语。
( )1. What's this? A. It's an eraser.
( )2. What's that? B. A pen and a pencil.
( )3. What's in your pencil case? C. It's a ruler.
( )4. What's in your schoolbag? D. No, it's a crayon.
( )5. Is it a ruler? E. A book and a notebook.
Part 4 提高练习
一、将下列句子重新排列成一段通顺的对话。
A. What's in your pencil case?
B. Hi, Tom! What's this in your schoolbag?
C. A pen, a ruler and an eraser.
D. Oh, they are nice!
E. It's a new pencil case.
正确顺序:______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______
二、补全对话。从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话。
A: Hi, Mike! (1) ________ is this?
B: It's a schoolbag.
A: And what's (2) ________?
B: It's a pencil case.
A: What's in the pencil (3) ________?
B: A pen, a pencil and (4) ________ eraser.
A: Wow! You have many school (5) ________!
A. What B. that C. case D. an E. supplies
三、阅读短文,判断正(T)误(F)。
Hello! I'm Tom. I have a new schoolbag. It's blue. What's in my schoolbag? A book, a pencil case and a ruler are in it. In my pencil case, I have a pen, a pencil and an eraser. I like my schoolbag very much. I keep it tidy every day!
( )1. Tom has a new schoolbag.
( )2. Tom's schoolbag is red.
( )3. There is a book in Tom's schoolbag.
( )4. Tom has a crayon in his pencil case.
( )5. Tom keeps his schoolbag tidy.
四、写作。用英语介绍你的学习用品。
要求:写3–5句话,介绍你的书包里有哪些学习用品。
参考句型:I have a... / This is... / What's in my...? / It's a/an...
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Part 5 本讲总结
记忆口诀
【学习用品口诀】
Pen钢笔Pencil铅笔,Ruler尺子Eraser橡皮;
Book课本Bag书包,Pencil case铅笔盒来装;
Notebook笔记本,Crayon蜡笔,School supplies要牢记!
【What's this/that 口诀】
What's this? What's that? 问这是什么和那是什么;
This近处That远,It's a/an...来回答;
辅音前面要用a,元音前面要用an;
a pen, a ruler, a book, an eraser记心间!
【字母Ii-Rr口诀】
Ii Jj Kk Ll, Mm Nn Oo Pp;
Qq Rr十个字母要牢记;
元音字母Ii Oo两个,辅音字母Jj到Rr八个;
字母书写要规范,大小写形式要分清!
重点回顾
• 学习用品词汇:pen钢笔, pencil铅笔, ruler尺子, eraser橡皮, book书, bag包, pencil case铅笔盒, schoolbag书包, notebook笔记本, crayon蜡笔
• What's this? 用来问近处的东西(this指近处),What's that? 用来问远处的东西(that指远处)
• 回答用“It's a/an + 名词”:It's a pen. / It's an eraser.
• 冠词a用于辅音音素开头的词前(a pen, a ruler),an用于元音音素开头的词前(an eraser, an apple)
• 字母Ii-Rr的读音和书写,元音字母:Ii, Oo;辅音字母:Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Pp, Qq, Rr
参考答案
Part 3 基础练习
一. 1. I 2. j 3. K 4. l 5. m 6. N 7. O 8. p
二. 1. D(hello是问候语,其他是学习用品) 2. D(goodbye是告别语,其他是学习用品) 3. D(eraser是学习用品,其他是指示词或疑问词) 4. D(morning是时间名词,其他是学习用品) 5. D(hi是问候语,其他是学习用品)
三. 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C
四. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. E 5. D
Part 4 提高练习
一. B → E → A → C → D
二. 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E
三. 1. T 2. F(Tom的书包是蓝色的,不是红色的) 3. T 4. F(Tom的铅笔盒里有钢笔、铅笔和橡皮,没有蜡笔) 5. T
四. 略。参考范文:Hi! I'm Tom. I have a new schoolbag. What's in my schoolbag? A book, a pencil case and a ruler. In my pencil case, I have a pen, a pencil and an eraser. I like my school supplies!
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