Unit5 语法讲解及习题：宾语从句2025-2026学年教科版(五四学制) 七年级英语下册

该初中英语导学案聚焦宾语从句，涵盖that、whether/if及疑问词引导的三种类型，通过“定义-结构-三要素”框架导入，以引导词分类、陈述句语序、时态呼应为学习支架，帮助学生构建从基础到进阶的语法知识脉络。 资料特色在于知识点精讲与分层习题结合，通过填空、合并句子等题型强化引导词运用、语序规范及时态呼应，参考答案解析详尽。这能提升学生语言能力，培养思维品质，增强学习能力，符合新课标核心素养要求，助力高效语法学习。

教科版（五四学制）英语七下Unit5语法讲解及习题: 宾语从句 本单元核心语法： 宾语从句（Object clauses） · 由that引导的宾语从句 · 由whether/if引导的宾语从句 · 由疑问词(what, who, where, when, why, how)引导的宾语从句 一、语法知识点精讲 （一）什么是宾语从句 在复合句中，作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词宾语的从句，称为宾语从句。 简单来说，就是用一个完整的句子，去充当另一个句子的宾语。 结构：主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句 （二）宾语从句的三要素 1. 引导词（连词） 引导词 用法 示例 that 引导陈述句，表示陈述一件事实。 在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。 I think (that) cooking is fun. 我认为烹饪很有趣。 whether / if 引导一般疑问句，表示“是否”。 whether和if在大多数情况下可以互换。 I don’t know if/whether he likes cooking. 我不知道他是否喜欢烹饪。 疑问词(what, who, where, when, why, how) 引导特殊疑问句，要保留原来的疑问词。 注意：从句必须使用陈述句语序。 He asked how to make dumplings. 他问如何包饺子。 Do you know what we need for the recipe? 你知道我们这个食谱需要什么吗？ 2. 语序 宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序，即“主语 + 谓语”的顺序。 错误语序（疑问句语序） 正确语序（陈述句语序） I don’t know how old is he. I don’t know how old he is. Can you tell me where does she live? Can you tell me where she lives? 3. 时态（重中之重） 宾语从句的时态要受主句时态的制约，这是中考的核心考点。 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时 (I think, I know, he says...) 从句时态不受限，根据实际情况使用任何时态。 I think (that) he is a good cook. (一般现在) I know that he went to a cooking school. (一般过去) She says that she will make a cake for us. (一般将来) 一般过去时 (I thought, I knew, he said...) 从句时态必须用过去的某种时态。 一般过去时 → 一般过去时 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 He said that he was a good cook. (一般过去) I knew that he was going to a cooking school. (过去进行) She said that she would make a cake for us. (过去将来) 任何时态 如果从句表达的是客观真理、科学事实、自然规律，那么从句时态一律用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响。 The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. (客观真理，用一般现在时goes，不用went) 二、专项练习题 （一）用that, whether/if, 或疑问词填空 1. I think ______ cooking is a useful skill. 2. Do you know ______ we need to buy some eggs? 3. He asked me ______ I could teach him how to make noodles. 4. Please tell me ______ you put the salt. 5. I don’t know ______ he will come to the cooking class tomorrow. 6. She said ______ she liked eating dumplings best. 7. Can you tell me ______ this recipe calls for sugar? 8. They are talking about ______ they will have a picnic this weekend. 9. I wonder ______ the restaurant opens. 10. He told me ______ he had learned to cook from his grandma. （二）将下列句子合并为含有宾语从句的复合句 1. Where does she live? Do you know? _____________________________________________________________________ 2. Will he come to the party? I don’t know. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. How can I get to the supermarket? Can you tell me? _____________________________________________________________________ 4. The earth is round. The teacher told us. _____________________________________________________________________ 5. What is he doing? I want to know. _____________________________________________________________________ 6. Does he like playing basketball? She asked. _____________________________________________________________________ 7. When will the train arrive? Please tell me. _____________________________________________________________________ 8. Why did he leave early? Nobody knows. _____________________________________________________________________ （三）选择填空 1. I think ______ she is a good student. A. that B. if C. whether 2. Do you know ______ the meeting will start? A. that B. when C. where 3. He asked me ______ I could help him. A. that B. if C. what 4. I don’t know ______ he will come or not. A. that B. if C. whether 5. She told me ______ she had a good time. A. that B. if C. when 6. Can you tell me ______ you are from? A. that B. where C. when 7. I wonder ______ the movie is interesting. A. that B. if C. what 8. He said ______ he would go to the park. A. that B. if C. when 9. Do you know ______ the book is on the desk? A. that B. if C. where 10. The teacher told us ______ the sun rises in the east. A. that B. if C. when （四）句子改错 1. I don’t know where is he from. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. He asked me that I could play the piano. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. She said that she will go to the library. _____________________________________________________________________ 4. Do you know if he comes tomorrow? _____________________________________________________________________ 5. I think that he is a good student, doesn’t he? _____________________________________________________________________ 6. The teacher told us that the earth went around the sun. _____________________________________________________________________ 7. Can you tell me how can I get to the bus stop? _____________________________________________________________________ 三、参考答案+解析 （一）用that, whether/if, 或疑问词填空 1. 答案：that 解析：主句I think后接陈述事实的宾语从句，that用于引导陈述句宾语从句，无实义，可省略。 2. 答案：if/whether 解析：本句表达“是否需要买鸡蛋”，由一般疑问句转化而来，用if/whether引导，表“是否”。 3. 答案：if/whether 解析：主句asked（询问），从句为不确定的疑问“是否可以教我做面条”，用if/whether引导宾语从句。 4. 答案：where 解析：从句询问“放盐的位置”，对应特殊疑问词where，用于引导特殊疑问句转化的宾语从句。 5. 答案：if/whether 解析：主句I don’t know表不确定，从句意为“是否参加烹饪课”，用if/whether表“是否”。 6. 答案：that 解析：主句said后接陈述事实的完整从句，用that引导陈述句宾语从句，无词义、不充当成分。 7. 答案：if/whether 解析：本句询问“食谱是否需要糖”，是不确定的疑问，用if/whether引导宾语从句。 8. 答案：if/whether 解析：介词about后接宾语从句，表达“是否周末野餐”的疑问，if/whether可用于介词后表“是否”。 9. 答案：when 解析：从句询问“餐厅开门的时间”，对应特殊疑问词when，引导表时间的宾语从句。 10. 答案：that 解析：主句told me后接陈述客观事实的从句，用that引导陈述句宾语从句，符合语法规则。 （二）将下列句子合并为含有宾语从句的复合句 1. 答案：Do you know where she lives? 解析：原句为特殊疑问句，转化为宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），去掉疑问助动词does，动词live变为第三人称单数lives，疑问词where作引导词。 2. 答案：I don’t know if/whether he will come to the party. 解析：原句为一般疑问句，用if/whether引导宾语从句，从句改为陈述语序，保留原句将来时时态。 3. 答案：Can you tell me how I can get to the supermarket? 解析：特殊疑问句变宾语从句，保留疑问词how，从句改为陈述语序（I can get），还原正常句式结构。 4. 答案：The teacher told us that the earth is round. 解析：从句“地球是圆的”是客观真理，不受主句过去时told影响，从句始终用一般现在时，that引导陈述句从句。 5. 答案：I want to know what he is doing. 解析：特殊疑问句作宾语从句，保留疑问词what，从句改为陈述语序he is doing，主句为一般现在时，从句时态不变。 6. 答案：She asked if/whether he liked playing basketball. 解析：一般疑问句变宾语从句，用if/whether引导；主句asked为一般过去时，从句时态倒退，一般现在时like变为一般过去时liked。 7. 答案：Please tell me when the train will arrive. 解析：保留疑问词when，从句改为陈述语序the train will arrive，主句为祈使句，从句时态不变。 8. 答案：Nobody knows why he left early. 解析：保留疑问词why，从句改为陈述语序he left early，还原主谓结构，删除疑问语序的倒装结构。 （三）选择填空 1. 答案：A 解析：从句为陈述事实的完整句子，用that引导宾语从句，if/whether表疑问，不符合本句肯定陈述语境。 2. 答案：B 解析：句意为“你知道会议何时开始吗？”，询问时间用疑问词when；that无疑问含义，where询问地点，均不符合句意。 3. 答案：B 解析：主句asked表询问，从句为不确定疑问，意为“是否能帮忙”，用if引导；that表陈述，what需在从句中充当成分，均不适用。 4. 答案：C 解析：固定用法：whether...or not 为固定搭配，表“是否”，if不能与or not连用，故选whether。 5. 答案：A 解析：从句为陈述事实的完整语句，that引导陈述句宾语从句，无实义；if/when表疑问，不符合语境。 6. 答案：B 解析：句意为“你能告诉我你来自哪里吗？”，询问地点用where；that无疑问含义，when表时间，均不符合句意。 7. 答案：B 解析：I wonder表“想知道、疑惑”，后接表不确定的疑问从句，用if表“是否”，句意：我想知道这部电影是否有趣。 8. 答案：A 解析：主句said后接陈述事实的从句，用that引导陈述句宾语从句，无需疑问词。 9. 答案：B 解析：句意为“你知道书是否在桌子上吗？”，表不确定疑问，用if；that表陈述，where表地点，不符合句意。 10. 答案：A 解析：从句“太阳从东方升起”是客观真理，用that引导陈述句从句，真理恒用一般现在时，与主句时态无关。 （四）句子改错 1. 正确句子：I don’t know where he is from. 解析：宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语+谓语），原句误用疑问句倒装语序where is he，需调整为正常主谓顺序where he is。 2. 正确句子：He asked me if/whether I could play the piano. 解析：主句asked是询问、表不确定疑问，需用if/whether引导从句；that仅引导陈述句，不能用于疑问句转化的宾语从句。 3. 正确句子：She said that she would go to the library. 解析：主句时态为一般过去时said，从句时态需倒退，原句一般将来时will go，要改为过去将来时would go。 4. 正确句子：Do you know if he will come tomorrow? 解析：从句中有时间状语tomorrow，表将来动作，需用一般将来时will come；comes为一般现在时，无法体现将来含义。 5. 正确句子：I think that he is a good student, isn’t he? 解析：主句为I think引导的宾语从句，反义疑问句跟随从句主语和谓语，从句谓语是is， 对应改为 is，前肯后否，用isn’t he。 6. 正确句子：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 解析：从句表述客观真理、自然规律，不受主句过去时态制约，一律用一般现在时，故went改为goes。 7. 正确句子：Can you tell me how I can get to the bus stop? 解析：宾语从句严禁使用疑问倒装语序，需改为陈述语序，将倒装的how can I 调整为正常主谓结构how I can。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $