命题大赛 山西2025-2026学年高二英语第一学期单元测试（外研版选择性必修一 Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger）

**基本信息** 本卷为山西高二英语外研版选择性必修一Unit 3单元测试，围绕“Faster, higher, stronger”主题，原创校园体育节、运动员故事等真实情境，融合阅读、语言运用题型，强化语言能力与思维品质，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读第一节|15题/37.5分|细节理解、推理判断|原创志愿者招募等实用文本，梯度设题| |阅读第二节|5题/12.5分|语篇衔接|运动技能训练主题，考查逻辑思维| |完形填空|15题/30分|词汇运用、语境理解|马拉松互助故事，渗透体育精神| |语法填空|10题/20分|语法规则、词性转换|残疾运动员事迹，厚植文化意识|

Sheet1 题号 题型 试题来源 语篇话题 考查知识点（结合外研版选必一Unit3） 难点 易错点 学科核心素养 预设难度 （体育精神/运动健康/励志） 语言能力 文化意识 思维品质 学习能力 1 阅读A篇（原创） 校园应用文 体育节志愿者招募 Unit3主题词汇、应用文信息定位、主旨概括 快速抓取活动目的 主观臆断、忽略主旨句 获取招募信息、掌握应用文阅读 理解校园体育精神与服务意识 区分事实与观点、判断写作目的 定位关键词、比对信息、抓主旨 易 2 细节理解、时间比对、数字换算 核对服务时长与岗位 看错时间、混淆岗位信息 获取并比对细节、理解时间表达 树立责任与服务精神 细致辨析信息、排除干扰 精准定位、细心比对信息 易 3 细节筛选、energetic/team spirit 提取招募要求 混淆培训与必备条件 提取并理解招募条件、识别关键词 认同团队精神与体育理念 辨析必要与非必要条件 定位要求、排除无关信息 易 4 阅读B篇（原创） Economist 网球名将维权 细节理解、perseverance/career 区分设想与真实人生 曲解文意、混淆事实 提取人物经历、理解长句 了解女性体育与平等价值观 推断信息、辨析事实与想象 依据原文推理、不主观猜测 中 5 Economist 因果推断、equal/right 理解时代背景与不公原因 主观臆断原因 获取并分析事件原因 树立平等意识 推断因果、逻辑分析 定位因果句、依据文本作答 中 6 Economist 细节理解、determine/fight 理解维权措施 夸大文意、曲解警告 提取措施、理解观点 学习坚持与维权精神 判断行为目的、合理推断 定位细节、准确理解句意 中 7 人物性格概括、brave/determined 依据事迹概括品质 无依据选形容词 概括信息、理解评价语言 感悟坚毅勇敢品质 归纳品质、逻辑匹配 总结事迹、提炼特征 难 8 阅读C篇（原创） Scientific American 运动与肠道健康 细节理解、regular/activity/beneficial 区分新旧研究 混淆饮食与运动 获取研究结论、理解科普文 树立科学运动意识 辨析信息、区分新旧发现 抓核心句、识别研究重点 易 9 Scientific American 细节理解、aerobic/fitness 辨别运动作用 混淆运动类型 获取运动信息、理解分类 认识科学运动重要性 区分功能、精准匹配 定位关键词、识别最优方案 易 10 Scientific American 推理判断、combine/training 合理推断运动员做法 过度推断、添加信息 理解信息、合理推断 认同科学训练与饮食 推断隐含信息、逻辑严谨 定位对应句、忠实原文推断 中 11 主旨大意、link/health 把握全文中心 以细节代主旨 概括篇章大意、理解意图 树立健康生活理念 归纳中心、区分主旨与细节 抓首尾段、提炼核心话题 中 12 阅读D篇（原创） Big think 运动与大脑健康 段落功能、improve/regular 分析段落逻辑与论据 误解段落功能 理解段落作用、识别论据 认识身心关联科学性 分析段落功能、理清逻辑 梳理结构、判断论据作用 中 13 Big think 细节辨析、limit/aging 区分正常/异常衰老 混淆病理与生理 获取衰老信息、准确辨析 关注大脑健康、科学认知 区分现象、判断正常异常 定位例证、准确比对信息 中 14 Big think 词义猜测、plasticity/adjust 利用语境猜词义 脱离语境乱猜 推断词义、理解释义句 理解大脑可塑性 利用语境猜词、逻辑推断 找定义句、依据上下文判断 中 15 写作目的、benefit/health 概括写作意图 以局部代全文 理解主旨、判断意图 认同运动护脑、健康第一 归纳目的、把握整体意图 抓首尾段、判断作者意图 难 16 七选五（原创） wikihow 篮球技能提升 上下文衔接、practice/improve 判断总起句与逻辑 话题不连贯、衔接不当 理解衔接、识别过渡句 了解篮球训练文化 判断逻辑、承上启下 分析结构、抓关键词 易 17 wikihow 主旨句、train/skill 匹配训练方法 选过于笼统句子 理解主旨、识别主题句 掌握科学训练方法 概括中心、精准匹配 找准话题、选择主旨句 中 18 wikihow 指代衔接、shot/skill 理解罚球与衔接 话题跳跃、前后不呼应 理解指代、话题一致 认同扎实基本功 判断衔接、保证连贯 找准指代、话题统一 易 19 语境逻辑、pressure/score 匹配实战场景 基础与实战混淆 理解实战语境、识别功能句 学会应对赛场压力 判断语境功能、合理延伸 匹配场景、顺承逻辑 中 20 举例衔接、practice/fun 匹配趣味训练 选无关干扰项 理解举例逻辑、识别方案 培养运动兴趣 判断合理性、匹配语境 找准关键词、选对应例子 易 21 完形（原创） NPR 波士顿马拉松 pursue/personal best、动词辨析 语境动词含义 词义偏差、脱离语境 辨析动词、理解句意 理解追求卓越精神 根据语境选词、贴合文意 积累词汇、利用语境判断 易 22 NPR spur、动词固定搭配 固定搭配辨析 搭配错误、词汇混淆 掌握搭配、辨析动词 理解自我突破激励 辨析搭配、合理选择 积累spur sb. to do 易 23 NPR 动词短语、give way 短语与身体状态 短语混淆、理解偏差 理解短语、描述状态 体会极限状态 根据后文推断词义 积累身体状态短语 易 24 instinct、名词辨析 语境情感与本能 无关名词干扰 辨析名词、理解情感 认同善良助人品质 根据情感判断名词 积累品质类名词 易 25 动词短语、step in 短语与行为判断 短语混淆、判断失误 理解短语、判断动作 学习乐于助人 根据语境推断含义 积累助人类短语 中 26 副词辨析、jointly 副词与动作方式 副词含义偏差 辨析副词、理解共同行动 体会团结互助 根据两人行动判断副词 积累方式副词 易 27 exhaustion、名词辨析 上下文复现 词汇混淆、无复现意识 识别复现、理解疲惫 感同身受疲惫状态 抓住复现词准确选择 定位exhausted复现 易 28 inspire、动词辨析 情感影响与动词辨析 含义区分不准 辨析动词、理解情感影响 学习传递善意 根据情感逻辑选词 积累情感类动词 中 29 prove、动词辨析 论证功能与用法 用法混淆、功能不清 理解论证、辨析动词 体会故事启示 判断动词功能、贴合论点 积累证明类表达 中 30 nerve/honour、名词辨析 抽象概念与勇气 抽象名词混淆 辨析抽象名词、理解品质 理解克服困难的勇气 根据毅力推断名词 积累品质类抽象名词 难 31 defeat/beat、动词辨析 击败类动词辨析 近义词混用 辨析动词、掌握搭配 理解胜利在于助人 辨析近义词、符合搭配 积累击败类动词 易 32 形容词辨析、remarkable 情感色彩判断 形容词偏差 辨析形容词、把握色彩 铭记感人瞬间 根据情感选词 积累评价类形容词 易 33 setback、名词辨析 事件性质判断 挫折/失败混淆 辨析名词、理解性质 把挫折变成长 判断性质、合理选择 积累挫折类名词 中 34 beyond limits、介词搭配 固定搭配与极限 介词区分不清 掌握搭配、理解极限 理解超越自我 根据固定搭配判断 积累beyond one’s limits 易 35 kindness、名词辨析 主旨把握与主题词 偏离主旨、判断错 把握主旨、理解主题 践行友善温暖 紧扣主旨选择主题词 紧扣kindness主旨 中 36 语法填空（原创） China Daily 蒋裕燕故事 非谓语动词（Unit3语法） 动名词作主语 形式错误、句法错 运用非谓语、分析句子 学习残奥拼搏精神 分析成分、判断形式 掌握动名词作主语 中 37 China Daily 蒋裕燕 不定式、the first to do 固定结构 不定式用法错 掌握固定结构、运用不定式 感受为国争光荣誉 判断结构、正确使用 积累the first to do 易 38 China Daily 蒋裕燕 现在完成时（Unit3） 时间标志与时态 标志误判 运用时态、理解标志 体会坚持与成就 判断时态、正确变形 掌握over the past… 中 39 冠词、a far cry from 固定搭配 冠词错用 掌握搭配、正确用冠词 理解差距与成就 识别短语、正确用冠词 积累a far cry from 易 40 定语从句（Unit3语法） 关系代词who 先行词判断错 运用从句、分析句子 学习不屈精神 判断先行词、选关系词 掌握anyone后用who 易 41 反身代词、yourself 代词形式 用法混淆 正确使用代词、理解句意 自信不自我设限 判断指代、正确变形 掌握反身代词 易 42 连词、转折逻辑 but/and区分 逻辑判断错 运用连词、判断逻辑 理解不幸与奋斗转折 判断转折、选用连词 掌握转折连词 难 43 词性转换、flexible→flexibly 形容词→副词 词性混用、修饰错 词性转换、正确修饰 理解坚持训练 判断修饰、正确转换 掌握副词修饰动词 难 44 主谓一致、三单形式 时态主谓判断 主谓不一致 运用主谓一致、正确变形 理解付出有回报 判断主谓、正确变形 掌握三单形式 易 45 名词复数、hardship 单复数变化 单复数错误 名词复数变化 勇于面对困苦 判断单复数、正确变形 掌握all kinds of后复数 易 Sheet2 Sheet3 $ 山西高二英语第一学期单元测试（外研版（2019）选择性必修一 Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger） 第一部分 阅读（共两节） 第一节 （每小题2.5分，共37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Sports Festival Volunteers Wanted To promote the sports spirit of “faster, higher, stronger” and encourage students to build up their bodies, our school will hold the Annual Sports Festival on May 20– 21.（原创）We are now looking for volunteers to help with the event. Volunteer Roles & Time • Registration Desk (May 20, 7:30–9:00): Check in participants and hand out race numbers. • Track & Field Assistants (May 20–21, 9:00–16:00): Help judges record results and keep the field orderly. • First Aid Support (May 20–21, 9:00–16:00): Assist the school nurse with basic first aid. Requirements • Aged 15–18, healthy and energetic. • Good communication skills and team spirit. • No experience needed—training will be provided on May 18. How to Apply Send your name, class and preferred role to sportvol@school.edu before May 15. 1.（原创）What is the main purpose of the sports festival? A. To select top athletes B. To advocate sports spirit and fitness C. To train professional volunteers D. To celebrate the school anniversary 2.（原创）What can we learn about the volunteer work from the text? A. Track assistants only work on the first day B. Registration work lasts less than two hours C. First aid volunteers need professional medical knowledge D. All volunteer jobs start at seven thirty in the morning 3.（原创）What is required for volunteers? A. Rich sports experience B. Good grades in PE C. Team spirit and good health D. Availability on May 18 B At 15, tennis talent Billie Jean King wrote her future expectation in an essay. She imagined reaching Wimbledon but failing in quarter-finals, then living a quiet family life as a housewife instead of being a lifelong tennis warrior. Her real life was a far cry from her teenage thought. She won plenty of tennis championships and built a remarkable career. Later, she became a steely fighter fighting for women’s equal rights. Born in an age when women seldom held independent careers and women’s professional sports were little recognized, King soon noticed huge gender pay gaps after winning games at home and abroad. In 1970, the Italian Open gave male champions $3,500 while female winners got only $6 00. Worse, the media focused on female players’ looks rather than their achievements. She was also criticized and laughed at for speaking up for women players. Determined to change the unfair situation, King chose to carry on the fight. In 1972, she talked to the US Open manager and warned that top female players would refuse to take part in the event without equal prize money. Her efforts paid off: equal pay rules were introduced. A year later, she founded the Women’s Tennis association and served as its first president. Her most remarkable moment came in the 1973 “Battle of the Sexes”. She beat the arrogant male opponent Bobby Riggs, inspiring women worldwide. In her autobiography All In, she shared her tough experiences. With strong self-belief, King always went all out for her goals, encouraging countless females to pursue their dreams bravely. 4.（原创）What can we learn about Billie Jean King’s teenage prediction? A. She expected to give up tennis early. B. She dreamed of being a full-time tennis star. C. She hoped to live a peaceful family life. D. She planned to win Wimbledon championships. 5.（原创）Why was King treated unfairly in her early sports days? A. Female sports were not widely respected then. B. She lacked enough excellent game skills. C. She often argued with famous male players. D. Media disliked her plain appearance. 6.（原创）What measure did King take to fight for equal pay? A. She refused to take part in all tennis matches. B. She warned to stop top female players from competing. C. She set up a new tennis competition for women only. D. She asked famous stars to donate prize money. 7.（原创）Which word can best describe Billie Jean King? A. Polite and modest B. Strict and selfless C. Easy-going and caring D. Brave and determined C People have long known that daily eating habits can shape the balance of gut(肠道) microbes inside human bodies. Yet latest scientific research has uncovered a deeper truth: regular physical activity also serves as a key factor in regulating gut flora, which greatly affects people’s physical state and even mental well-being. Studies show that steady exercise can effectively increase the diversity of beneficial gut bacteria. It helps the human body produce helpful chemicals, relieve internal inflammation and strengthen bodily functions. Experts point out that different sports styles bring totally different effects. Aerobic(有氧的) exercise is ideal for keeping gut microbes in good order, while strength training is more helpful in building up physical endurance and sharpening people’s overall fitness. Nowadays, more sports lovers and professional athletes have come to realize this hidden connection. Equipped with strong self-belief, they carry on scientific training and match it with balanced diets to adjust their physical conditions gradually. All these efforts will surely pay off, allowing them to stay energetic and perform steadily when facing tough opponents in formal tournaments. Researchers also remind ordinary people not to take intense exercise blindly. Proper and long-term light sports are enough to maintain gut health, which is practical and beneficial for people of all ages to keep a healthy lifestyle. 8.（原创）What is found to affect gut microbes greatly? A. Living environment B. Daily exercise C. Working pressure D. Eating habits 9.（原创）Which type of exercise is most suitable for keeping gut microbes healthy? A. Strength training B. Intense exercise C. Light sports D. Aerobic exercise 10.（原创）What can be inferred about professional athletes from paragraph 3? A. They depend on physical exercise alone to improve performance. B. They believe mental strength matters more than physical training. C. They combine scientific training properly with a balanced diet. D. They try to avoid facing strong opponents in formal tournaments. 11.（原创）What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain the link between exercise and gut health. B. To compare different types of exercise. C. To advise people to stick to strict diet rules. D. To show advantages of professional sports training D The relationship between the brain and the body is a two-way street: what you do with your body affects your brain, and what you think affects your body. One powerful way to positively reshape brain function is regular physical activity. Even ten minutes of walking can immediately relieve negative emotions by releasing beneficial brain chemicals. Beyond these instant emotional improvements, exercise stimulates the production of a key molecule that helps brain cells grow and improves the flexibility of their branches, which are responsible for nerve signal transmission. A three-month comparative study showed that participants taking indoor cycling training maintained more stable moods and had higher levels of brain growth factors than those who only engaged in simple intellectual games. Memory decline is an unavoidable part of aging for most people. Research reveals that human memory reaches its peak at the age of 30, followed by a slow but continuous decline. It is vital to distinguish normal aging memory loss from serious cognitive diseases. For example, misplacing daily items such as keys is a typical sign of harmless brain aging, while forgetting basic personal physical features indicates potential dementia problems. Scientific analysis attributes age-related memory decline to three major factors: weakened ability to build new nerve connections, decreased blood flow in the brain, and the gradual death of brain cells. Fortunately, the brain has an extraordinary capacity called plasticity, which brings long-term solutions to cognitive decline. This ability allows the brain to restructure its internal connections and adapt to environmental changes. People with a lifelong sedentary habit can still gain visible brain improvements by starting short daily walks. In addition to physical exercise, moderate mental training including crossword puzzles, language learning, and musical instrument practice also slows down brain aging. Experts emphasize that sustainable mild training matters more than over-intense mental pressure. Physical exercise stands out as one of the most effective approaches to maintain long-term brain health, proving the inseparable interaction between human body and brain. 12. （原创）What is the function of paragraph 2 ? A. It introduces a new problem for further discussion. B. It provides scientific evidence to support paragraph 1. C. It presents a counter argument against physical activity. D. It summarizes the main findings of the article. 13.（原创）Which phenomenon indicates abnormal cognitive aging? A. Failing to remember where one’s keys are B. Frequently feeling depressed and anxious C. Forgetting one’s own physical characteristics D. Slow decline of memory after 30 14.（原创）What does the word “plasticity” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. The ability to break down easily. B. The ability to change and adjust. C. The ability to store memories. D. The ability to produce chemicals. 15.（原创）What is the author’s main purpose of the text? A. To explain the working principles of brain plasticity B. To distinguish normal aging from serious dementia C. To analyze the causes of universal memory decline D. To prove physical activity benefits long-term brain health 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you eager to become a better basketball player? 16 Whether you are a beginner or a player who wants more chances to show yourself, you can steadily improve your basketball skills. Top athletes who stick to their goals keep training hard all the time. 17 You can practice shooting from different parts of the court. For this exercise, it helps to have a teammate grab your rebounds and pass the ball back quickly. This drill involves at least 7 positions, but you can tailor it to your needs.You have to make each shot before you move to the next position on the court. Besides regular shooting training, you must attach importance to free throw practice. 18 They are simple shots that can fully show your basic skills on the court. Gradually forming your own shooting habits and building confidence are also necessary during the process. When you master basic skills well, it is time to learn some practical difficult shots in real matches. You will always meet opponents who try to block your shots and disturb your rhythm. In this case, more professional shooting moves will help you score easily. 19 To make training less boring, you can choose some interesting ways to practise in your spare time. 20 It is popular that helps you improve shooting skills in a relaxing way.This way, you hardly notice you're practicing hard. （原创）A. Shooting is basic for all players （原创）B. Try the "around the world" practice （原创）C. Such shots are done without outside interference （原创）D. They can also deal with on-court pressure. （原创）E. The game Horse is a good choice （原创）F. Team spirit matters in sports （原创）G. Daily practice brings great changes 第二部分 语言运用（共两节） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Boston Marathon is one of the most tough races in the world. Every year, competitors take on the 26.2-mile course for ____21____ their personal best. They train hard to____22____themselves to finish faster than ever before. During this year’s race, a young runner named Ajay was close to the finish line when his legs suddenly ____23____. He fell again and again, too exhausted to go on. Dozens of runners passed him. Then a runner stopped his own sprint to help. “Natural ____24____ made me go over to him,” he said. Another runner had seen Ajay collapse but felt too tired to help alone. He told himself, “If someone ____25____, I’ll stop too.” When the first runner did so, the second also pulled up. The two ____26___ lifted Ajay and staggered to the finish line together. Ajay later said, “To stop and help when they were feeling the same ____27____ says so much about them.” One runner’s selflessness ____28____ the other to help. They finished with slower times, yet they ran their personal bests in spirit. This story ____29____ us that sportsmanship is about perseverance and the ____30____ to overcome difficulties. Sometimes the greatest victory is not ____31____ your opponents, but helping others. The marathon has seen many ____32____ moments. For Ajay, a ____33____ turned into a lesson about kindness. The two strangers proved that even when you are ____34____ your own limits, you can still reach out. A personal best can be measured not only by the clock but by the ____35____ we show to one another. As the Olympic motto goes, “Faster, higher, stronger — together.” Indeed, the spirit of the marathon lies in the truth that no one achieves greatness alone. 21.（原创） A. abandoning B. quitting C. pursuing D. suspecting 22.（原创）A.spare B. seize C.spend D.spur 23.（原创）A. gave way B. paid off C. carried on D. stood firm 24.（原创）A. teamwork B. instinct C. expectation D. surgery 25.（原创）A. bursts out B.heads out C. turns out D. steps in 26.（原创）A. vividly B. jointly C. sharply D. fiercely 27.（原创）A. excitement B. exhaustion C. passion D. mood 28.（原创）A. shocked B. reminded C. inspired D. ordered 29.（原创）A. convinces B.informs C. reflects D. proves 30.（原创）A.expectation B. cooperation C. honour D. wisdom 31.（原创）A. defeating B. hitting C. opposing D.challenging 32.（原创）A. muddy B. steely C. remarkable D. casual 33.（原创）A. setback B. mistake C. crisis D. victory 34.（原创）A. beyond B. past C. over D. above 35.（原创）A. sympathy B. kindness C. respect D. trust 第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese swimmer Jiang Yuyan, a 20-year-old from Zhejiang Province, won the Laureus World Sports Awards' Disability Athlete of the Year in April 2025. ____36____ (attain) this glorious honour made her the first Chinese athlete ____37____ (accomplish) such a remarkable feat. Over the past few years, Jiang ____38____ (seize) countless chances and claimed seven gold medals. Her achievements are ____39____ far cry from those of ordinary athletes. “To anyone ____40____ feels held back by misfortune, I want to say: Don't let anyone, even ____41____ (you) , set boundaries while chasing dreams day in and day out,” Jiang said in her acceptance speech. When she was three, a serious accident made her lose her right arm and right leg.____42____ it was persistent training that truly shaped her character. In the pool, she could move ____43____ (flexible) and adjust her own pace freely. Jiang’s story proves that steady struggle always ____44____ (pay) off. We should never give up regardless of all kinds of ____45____ (hard) we come across. 36-45均为原创 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 山西高二英语第一学期单元测试（外研版（2019）选择性必修一 Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger） 超详解析完整版 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 阅读理解 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D8.B 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D A 篇 应用文 体育节志愿者招募 语篇类型：应用文　 主题语境：人与社会 —— 志愿服务、体育精神文章大意：学校举办体育节，发布志愿者招募启事，明确岗位时间、招募要求及报名方式，弘扬“更快、更高、更强”体育精神，鼓励学生强身健体、参与志愿活动。 1. 答案：B 命题意图：考查细节理解 + 主旨目的题 原文定位：A 篇第一段To promote the sports spirit of “faster, higher, stronger” and encourage students to build up their bodies... 解析：举办体育节旨在弘扬体育精神、倡导健身。 错因剖析：未抓取开篇主旨句，主观臆断活动目的。 干扰项辨析： A 选拔顶尖运动员（原文无中生有）； C 培训专业志愿者（仅招募志愿者，非培训专业人员）； D 庆祝校庆（文中未提及校庆）。 2. 答案：B 命题意图：考查细节理解 + 数字换算 原文定位：A 篇Volunteer Roles & Time 第一点Registration Desk (May 20, 7:30–9:00) 解析：登记岗位 7:30–9:00，时长 90 分钟，少于两小时。 错因剖析：未细看时间区间，不会简单时长换算，粗心看错岗位工作日期。 干扰项辨析： A 田径助理仅第一天工作（原文 5.20–21 两天）； C 急救志愿者需专业医学知识（Requirements 第三条：无需经验，统一培训）；D 所有志愿岗位均早 7:30 开始（田径、急救 9:00 开始）。 3. 答案：C 命题意图：考查细节理解筛选 原文定位：A 篇Requirements 第一、二条Aged 15–18, healthy and energetic. / Good communication skills and team spirit. 解析：志愿者要求身体健康、有团队精神。 错因剖析：遗漏招募细节，混淆培训时间与报名硬性条件。 干扰项辨析： A 丰富运动经验（原文明确 No experience needed）； B 体育成绩优异（全文无提及）； D 5 月 18 日必须有空（18 号为培训时间，非强制报名门槛）。 B 篇 记叙文 网球传奇 Billie Jean King 语篇类型：记叙文　 主题语境：人与社会 —— 人物励志、性别平等、体育维权 文章大意：讲述网球名将 Billie Jean King 年少人生预想与真实人生反差，她突破时代性别歧视，为女性运动员薪酬平等维权，挑战性别偏见，激励无数女性勇敢追梦。 4. 答案：C 命题意图：考查细节理解 原文定位：B 篇第一段...living a quiet family life as a housewife instead of being a lifelong tennis warrior. 解析：她年少曾设想止步温网后，过平静的家庭主妇生活。 错因剖析：混淆年少预想与成年真实人生，曲解原文句意。 干扰项辨析： A 打算早早放弃网球（无此意，只是赛后归隐生活）； B 梦想成为全职网球巨星（与原文设想相反）； D 计划赢得温网冠军（设想止步八强）。 5. 答案：A 命题意图：考查细节原因推断 原文定位：B 篇第三段第一句...women’s professional sports were little recognized... 解析：当时女子职业体育不被社会广泛认可，因此遭受不公待遇。 错因剖析：脱离原文时代背景，凭常识主观猜测。 干扰项辨析： B 球技不足（她斩获多项冠军，实力强劲）； C 常与男选手争执（无中生有）； D 媒体嫌弃外貌（媒体只关注外貌、忽视成绩）。 6. 答案：B 命题意图：考查细节理解 原文定位：B 篇第四段第二句...warned that top female players would refuse to take part in the event without equal prize money. 解析：她向美网主办方警告，若薪酬不平等将带头退出赛事。 错因剖析：曲解 “警告不参赛” 的含义，夸大原文表述。 干扰项辨析： A 拒绝参加所有赛事（仅针对美网，非全部比赛）； C 创办专属女子赛事（后续成立女子网球协会，并非创办赛事）； D 呼吁明星捐赠奖金（文中无提及）。 7. 答案：D 命题意图：考查人物性格概括 原文定位：B 篇第四、五段坚持维权、直面质疑、勇战性别偏见、敢于挑战男选手 解析：她敢于为女性权益发声，意志坚定、不畏强权。 错因剖析：不会依据人物事迹概括品质，随意选性格形容词。 干扰项辨析：A 礼貌谦逊、B 严格无私、C 随和体贴 均无原文事例支撑。 C 篇 说明文 运动与肠道菌群健康 语篇类型：说明文　 主题语境：人与自然 —— 健康生活、科学运动 文章大意：日常饮食习惯早已被熟知影响肠道菌群，最新研究发现规律运动是调节肠道菌群的关键因素；不同运动对肠道和体能作用不同，专业运动员结合科学训练与均衡饮食，普通人适合长期适度轻运动养护肠道。 8. 答案：B 命题意图：考查细节理解 原文定位：C 篇第一段第二句regular physical activity also serves as a key factor in regulating gut flora... 解析：最新研究发现日常运动是影响肠道菌群的重要因素。 错因剖析：混淆 “已知饮食习惯” 和 “新发现运动因素”，审题不清。 干扰项辨析：A 生活环境、C 工作压力 文中无提及；D 饮食习惯是早已公认因素，非最新发现核心关键。 9. 答案：D 命题意图：考查细节理解 原文定位：C 篇第二段第三句Aerobic exercise is ideal for keeping gut microbes in good order... 解析：有氧运动最适合维持肠道菌群健康平衡。 错因剖析：混淆有氧运动、力量训练、轻度运动的不同功效。 干扰项辨析： A 力量训练侧重提升耐力体能； B 剧烈运动不建议盲目进行； C 轻度运动适合普通人养生，非调理肠道最优选择。 10. 答案：C 命题意图：考查推理判断 原文定位：C 篇第三段第二句...carry on scientific training and match it with balanced diets to adjust their physical conditions gradually. 解析：专业运动员将科学训练与均衡饮食合理结合。 错因剖析：过度推断，添加原文没有的信息。 干扰项辨析： A 只依靠运动提升状态（还搭配饮食）； B 认为心理比训练更重要（无二者对比）； D 刻意避开强敌（原文直面强劲对手）。 11. 答案：A 命题意图：考查主旨大意 原文定位：C 篇全篇 首段点明运动影响肠道菌群，后文展开阐释原理、运动分类、人群建议 解析：文章主旨是阐释运动与肠道健康的关联。 错因剖析：把段落局部细节误当作全文主旨。 干扰项辨析： B 对比各类运动只是段落细节； C 建议严格节食（无中生有）； D 专业训练优势偏离文章核心话题。 D 篇 说明文 运动与大脑健康 语篇类型：说明文　 主题语境：人与自我 —— 身心健康、大脑认知 文章大意：身心双向影响，规律运动能改善情绪、促进脑细胞生长；人 30 岁后记忆自然衰退，区分正常衰老与认知疾病；大脑具有可塑性，坚持运动和适度脑力训练可延缓大脑衰老、维护脑部健康。 12. 答案：B 命题意图：考查段落功能作用 原文定位：D 篇第二段解析：第二段用实验研究、科学论据，支撑第一段 “规律运动可积极重塑大脑功能、缓解负面情绪” 的观点。 错因剖析：不会分析段落间逻辑关系，不懂论据支撑论点。 干扰项辨析：A 提出新问题、C 反面反驳运动、D 总结全文主旨 均不符合段落作用。 13. 答案：C 命题意图：考查细节理解辨析 原文定位：D 篇第三段后半部分...forgetting basic personal physical features indicates potential dementia problems .解析：忘记自身基本外貌特征属于异常认知老化。 错因剖析：分不清正常衰老记忆减退与病理性认知障碍。 干扰项辨析： A 忘钥匙是正常大脑衰老； B 情绪低落焦虑与认知老化无关； D 30 岁后记忆缓慢衰退是正常生理现象。 14. 答案：B 命题意图：考查生词词义猜测 原文定位：D 篇第四段第二句This ability allows the brain to restructure its internal connections and adapt to environmental changes. 解析：plasticity 指大脑重构连接、适应改变的能力，即 “改变与自我调节能力”。错因剖析：不会利用后文释义推断生词，凭字面乱猜。 干扰项辨析：A 易破碎、C 储存记忆、D 分泌化学物质 均不符语境释义。 15. 答案：D 命题意图：考查写作目的 原文定位：D 篇末段结尾句Physical exercise stands out as one of the most effective approaches to maintain long-term brain health... 解析：文章旨在证明体育活动有益于长期大脑健康。 错因剖析：把局部分话题当成全文写作意图。 干扰项辨析：A 解释大脑可塑性原理、B 区分正常衰老与痴呆、C 分析记忆衰退原因 均为段落局部内容，非全文主旨。 第二节 七选五 篮球技能提升 语篇类型：说明文　 主题语境：人与社会 —— 体育爱好、技能提升 文章大意：介绍如何成为更优秀的篮球运动员，从基础投篮、定点训练、罚球、实战高难度动作到趣味训练方法，循序渐进提升球技。 标准答案：16.G 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.E 16. 答案：G 命题意图：考查上下文衔接 解析：前文设问想成为更好篮球运动员，后文讲坚持训练可提升球技；G项“日常练习带来巨大改变”承上启下。 干扰项： 第16题的位置需要一个总起句，而不是技术性陈述。A选项属于技术性陈述。 17. 答案：B 命题意图：考查段落主旨句 解析：B项“环球投篮训练”直接对应后文“在不同位置、不同角度反复练习投篮”的内容，精准总领本段训练方法。 干扰项排除： • A项“投篮是所有球员的基础”过于笼统，未点出本段多角度、多位置的训练重点； • C/D/E/F与本段训练场景不匹配。 18. 答案：C 命题意图：考查上下文指代衔接 解析：C项是对罚球的补充说明，罚球属于无对抗、无干扰的定点投篮，与前文话题一致，衔接自然紧密。 干扰项排除：其余选项未提及“罚球/定点投篮”，话题跳跃。 19. 答案：D 命题意图：考查语境逻辑衔接 解析：D项“专业高难度投篮动作既能高效得分，也能应对赛场防守压力”，承接实战场景，符合比赛中应对防守的需求。 20. 答案：E 命题意图：考查举例衔接 解析：前文推荐趣味训练方式，E项“Horse投篮游戏是绝佳选择”对应后文放松式提升球技。 多余干扰项：B、F B环球投篮训练（后文已有对应举例，此处不匹配）；F团队精神重要（本段全程讲个人投篮训练，无关团队）。 第二部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 波士顿马拉松互助精神 语篇类型：记叙文　 主题语境：人与社会 —— 体育精神、友善互助 文章大意：波士顿马拉松赛场，一名选手体力透支倒地，两名陌生选手放弃冲刺、合力搀扶他冲向终点，诠释体育精神不止竞技取胜，更在于坚持、互助与善意。 标准答案：21.C 22.D23.A 24.B 25.D 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.D30.C 31.C 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.B 21. 答案：C pursuing 命题意图：考查动词词义辨析 句意：选手们参加26.2英里的赛程，为了追求个人最佳成绩。 解析：pursue 追求，符合马拉松选手挑战自我的语境。 干扰排除：A. abandoning 放弃 B. quitting 退出 D. suspecting 怀疑 22. 答案：D spur 命题意图：考查动词固定搭配与词义辨析 句意：他们刻苦训练，激励自己比以往跑得更快。 解析：spur sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事，固定搭配。 干扰排除：A. spare 抽出 B. seize 抓住 C. spend 花费 23. 答案：A gave way 命题意图：考查动词短语辨析 句意：Ajay接近终点时，双腿突然支撑不住。 解析：give way（身体部位）支撑不住、发软，对应后文摔倒。 干扰排除：B. paid off 取得成功 C. carried on 继续 D. stood firm 站稳 24. 答案：B instinct 命题意图：考查名词词义辨析与语境理解 句意：“本能驱使我走向他。” 解析：instinct 本能，看到他人遇险下意识帮忙。 干扰排除：A. teamwork 团队合作 C. expectation 期待 D. surgery 外科手术 25. 答案：D steps in 命题意图：考查动词短语辨析 句意：他心想：“如果有人介入/伸出援手，我也会停下来。” 解析：step in 介入、插手帮忙，贴合语境。 干扰排除：A. bursts out 爆发 B. heads out 出发C. turns out 结果是 26. 答案：B jointly 命题意图：考查副词词义辨析 句意：两人合力扶起Ajay，一起蹒跚走向终点。 解析：jointly 共同地、联合地，两人一起帮忙。 干扰排除：A. vividly 生动地 C. sharply 急剧地 D. fiercely 猛烈地 27. 答案：B exhaustion 命题意图：考查名词词义辨析与上下文呼应 句意：他们同样感到疲惫，却停下帮忙，这意义重大。 解析：exhaustion 疲惫、筋疲力尽，与前文too exhausted呼应。 干扰排除：A. excitement 兴奋 C. passion 激情 D. mood 情绪 28. 答案：C inspired 命题意图：考查动词词义辨析 句意：一名选手的无私鼓舞了另一人也去帮忙。 解析：inspire 鼓舞、激励，一人带头，另一人受到触动。 干扰排除：A. shocked 震惊 B. reminded 提醒 D. ordered 命令 29. 答案：D proves 命题意图：考查动词词义辨析 句意：这个故事向我们证明，体育精神在于毅力。 解析：prove 证明，用事例印证观点。 干扰排除：A. convinces 说服 B. informs 通知 C. reflects 反映 30. 答案：C nerve 命题意图：考查名词词义辨析 句意：体育精神是毅力与克服困难的勇气。 解析：nerve 勇气、胆量，指面对困难不退缩。 干扰排除：A. expectation 期待 B. cooperation 合作 D. wisdom 智慧 31. 答案：C beating 命题意图：考查动词词义辨析 句意：最伟大的胜利不是打败对手，而是帮助他人。 解析：beat 打败（对手），常用搭配。 干扰排除：A. defeating 击败 B. hitting 击打 D. challenging 挑战 32. 答案：C remarkable 命题意图：考查形容词词义辨析 句意：马拉松见证过许多非凡/值得铭记的瞬间。 解析：remarkable 非凡的、引人注目的，形容互助感人时刻。 干扰排除：A. muddy 泥泞的 B. steely 钢铁般的 D. casual 随意的 33. 答案：A setback 命题意图：考查名词词义辨析 句意：对Ajay而言，一次挫折变成了关于善意的一课。 解析：setback 挫折、困境，指体力不支摔倒。 干扰排除：B. failure 失败 C. trouble 麻烦 D. victory 胜利 34. 答案：A beyond 命题意图：考查介词固定搭配 句意：即使你超越自身极限，仍可以伸出援手。 解析：beyond one’s limits 超越极限，固定搭配。 干扰排除：B. past 经过 C. over 在……上方 D. above 在……之上 35. 答案：B kindness 命题意图：考查名词词义辨析与主旨理解 句意：个人最佳不仅用时间衡量，更用我们展现的善意衡量。 解析：kindness 善意、友善，紧扣全文互助主题。 干扰排除：A. warmth 温暖 C. respect 尊重 D. trust 信任 第二节 语法填空 残奥运动员蒋裕燕 语篇类型：人物记叙文　主题语境：人与自我 —— 励志成长、拼搏追梦 文章大意：20岁浙江游泳选手蒋裕燕斩获劳伦斯年度残奥运动员大奖，年少意外致残却坚持训练、斩获金牌，激励人们冲破命运束缚、坚持梦想永不言弃。 标准答案：36.Attaining 37.to accomplish 38.has seized 39.a 40.who 41.yourself 42.But 43.flexibly 44.pays 45.hardships 36. 答案：Attaining 考点解析：动名词作主语，获得这份荣誉使她创下纪录。 37. 答案：to accomplish 考点解析：固定结构 the first sb. to do sth. 第一个做某事的人。 38. 答案：has seized 考点解析：Over the past few years 为现在完成时标志。 39. 答案：a 考点解析：固定搭配 a far cry from 与……截然不同。 40. 答案：who 考点解析：定语从句，先行词anyone，从句缺主语。 41. 答案：yourself 考点解析：甚至连你自己都不要给自己设限。 42. 答案：But 考点解析：意外致残，但持久训练塑造品格。 43. 答案：flexibly 考点解析：副词修饰动词move，灵活游动。 44. 答案：pays 考点解析：宾语从句主谓一致，steady struggle为单数，一般现在时。 45. 答案：hardships 考点解析：all kinds of 后接名词复数，各种艰难困苦。 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