Unit5 Nature’s Temper同步练习题2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 人教版八年级下册Unit5同步练以"基础巩固-能力提升-综合应用"分层设计，构建词汇→句型→语篇递进路径，适配新授课语言能力培养与知识巩固需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|核心词汇（如prepare/destroy词形变化）、基础句型（过去进行时/比较级）|单词拼写题考词性转换，句子完成题强化语法规则应用| |能力提升|情景交际（自然灾害场景问答）、语法辨析（情态动词/连词用法）|情景运用题结合图片提示词，单项选择聚焦语境中语法选择| |综合应用|语篇理解（洪水经历叙述）、逻辑分析（灾害应对策略）|完形填空渗透文化意识，语法选择整合思维品质与学习能力|

英语八年级下册unit5 Nature’s Temper同步练习题 （人教版） 一、单词拼写题：根据句意及所给提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式 1.The teenagers go to the park every weekend to prepare _________ the race that is coming soon. 2．Many villagers are ________ trouble after the big flood, and we should give them a hand. 3．—Why did you say that just now? —I ________ (kid) at that time. 4．Clever animals start the ________ (prepare) for winter in early autumn. 5．The ________ (影评) on Douban says it is such a wonderful movie that you shouldn’t miss it. 6．The ________ (destroy) caused by the typhoon was much worse than we expected. 7．The ________ (harm) effects of global warming may lead to more frequent natural disasters. 8．Someone in the classroom must have h________ (隐藏) my schoolbag. 9．The winter vacation is coming, all the students are making _______ (prepare) for the final exam. 10．She said she ________ (work) as a volunteer in the disaster area for a month and would come back next week. 二、句子完成题：按要求完成句子 11.天气预报说一场暴风雪将要袭击我们的城市。 The ________ ________ said that a snowstorm would hit our city. 12.我们社区的一位老师告诫我们不要独自见网友。 A teacher in our neighbourhood ________ us ________ meeting online friends alone. 13.当暴风雨来临时，我正在图书馆看书。 I ________ ________ a book in the library when the rainstorm came. 14.We should deal with nature’s temper calmly. (同义句) We should ________ with nature’s temper in a ________ way. 15.She runs fast. (改为比较级) She runs ________ than me. 16.完成报告后，我才会上交它。 I will not ________ . 17.The storm stopped at midnight.（改为同义句，用die down） The storm ________ ________ at midnight. 18.警察警告卡车司机在经过学校时不要开快车。(warn sb. not to do sth.) The police _______________ when they are passing by a school. 19.She was walking along the street when she saw an accident. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ she ________ when she saw an accident? 20.He survived the flood because he stayed on the roof. (改为强调句，强调原因状语) ________ ________ ________ he stayed on the roof ________ he survived the flood. 三、情景运用题：根据图片中的情景或根据所给的提示词完成句子 21.你想表达当暴风雨来临时你正在睡觉，怎么说？ _________________________________________________________ 22．A: ________________? B: No, I was not prepared for the typhoon because I didn’t think it would be that strong. 23．—_____________________ Treasure Island?     —Yes, I have read it many times. 24．A: ________________while it was snowing? B: My mom was preparing dinner at that time. 25．A: What were you doing at the time of the earthquake?   B: ________________________________________ 26．necessary, before, meal ______________________________ 27．shower, ring ______________________________ 28． eyes, bad ______________________________ 29． big, than ______________________________ 30．used to, enjoy ______________________________ 四、单项选择题：请从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项 31.He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people ______ the beach. A．off B．on C．in D．across 32.— Whose umbrella is this? — It ________ be Lily’s. She was here just now. A．must B．can C．need D．would 33.—How long ago did the forest fire start? —________. The firefighters are still working. A．At three B．Since three hours C．For about three hours D．For three 34.—________ people has the rescue team rescued so far? —More than 50. They are all safe. A．How many B．What C．When D．Where 35.The earthquake happened suddenly, but luckily no one ________ hurt. A．is B．was C．are D．were 36.The rainstorm ________ at 9 p.m. last Sunday. At that time, we ________ a card game. A．started; played B．was starting; were playing C．started; were playing D．was starting; played 37.________ the bad weather, the sports meeting will be put off until next week. A．Because B．Because of C．As D．For 38.When I got up this morning, my mom ________ breakfast in the kitchen. A．makes B．made C．was making D．is making 39.By the time the rescuers arrived at the disaster area, the villagers ________ in the rain for three hours. A．wait B．waited C．have waited D．had been waiting 40.The famous poem “The wildfire can’t burn them all up; they grow again when spring wind blows.” tells us ________. A．why do we protect nature B．life is full of hope C．when the spring wind comes D．how to stop wildfires 五、完形填空题：阅读短文，结合上下文从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案 I am Cheng Yang from China. Last year a terrible 41 hit my city. It started raining in July and kept raining for almost a month. The water on the streets got higher and 42 every day. We had to take boats instead of cars. We lost lots of things. Schools closed and farms were destroyed (破坏) badly. We 43 food and clean water. In some places the water was even higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a 44 world. Because of the flood, lots of hardships broke out. Some people died. The soil and other things made the water become very 45 . It was in summer, so the hot weather and dirty water made the air very bad. People got ill and hospitals didn’t have enough 46 for them. When the flood was over, I 47 my city. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very 48 , I thought. We had to rebuild our city, take care of the 49 people and help them out of hospitals. I just hope that one day, people can 50 natural disasters effectively (有效地) whenever they happen. In fact, people are very clever and disasters bring people closer together. 41．A．flood B．drought C．earthquake 42．A．less B．higher C．cleaner 43．A．lost B．spent C．bought 44．A．fire B．water C．tree 45．A．fresh B．black C．dirty 46．A．windows B．decisions C．rooms 47．A．looked into B．looked up C．looked around 48．A．strong B．worried C．upset 49．A．poor B．sick C．homeless 50．A．study B．beat C．face 六、语法选择题：阅读短文，根据上下文和语法知识，从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案 Natural disasters are unpredictable and can bring great damage to human beings. However, with proper preparation and scientific knowledge, we can minimize the risks and protect ourselves better. First, it’s necessary to learn about different types of natural disasters. We should know their characteristics, warning signs, and 51 measures. For example, before a typhoon comes, we need to close windows, store enough food and water, and 52 from low-lying areas. Knowing these basic facts can help us stay calm when disasters happen. Second, paying attention to weather forecasts and early warnings is crucial. Meteorological departments use advanced equipment to monitor weather changes and 53 warnings in time. We should check the forecasts regularly, especially during seasons when natural disasters are 54 , such as summer and autumn for typhoons. Third, having an emergency plan is essential for families. Every family should discuss and make a plan that includes meeting places, emergency contacts, and necessary supplies. It’s also important to practice the plan 55 so that everyone knows what to do in an emergency. Fourth, helping each other during and after disasters can make a big difference. When a natural disaster strikes, people in the affected areas need support. We can donate money, food, or clothing, or volunteer to help with rescue and reconstruction work. This not only helps those in need but also 56 the spirit of unity. However, even with all these preparations, we may still face unexpected situations. That’s why it’s important to stay 57 and follow the instructions of rescuers. Panic can only make things worse. We should believe that with the efforts of the government, scientists, and the whole society, we can overcome any natural disaster. In fact, facing natural disasters is also a way to test human beings’ courage and wisdom. By learning from each disaster, we can improve our prevention and response capabilities. 58 we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident in dealing with future natural disasters. Remember, nature is powerful, but human beings are 59 . As long as we respect nature, protect the environment, and prepare well, we can live in harmony with nature and reduce the damage caused by 60 temper. 51．A．protect B．protective C．protection D．protected 52．A．stay away B．stay up C．stay on D．stay in 53．A．send out B．take out C．put out D．look out 54．A．common B．commonly C．unusual D．unusually 55．A．regular B．regularly C．irregular D．irregularly 56．A．strengthen B．strengthens C．strengthened D．strengthening 57．A．calm B．calmly C．nervous D．nervously 58．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because 59．A．power B．powerful C．powerless D．powerfully 60．A．nature B．natures C．nature’s D．natural 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语八年级下册unit5 Nature’s Temper同步练习题 （人教版） 一、单词拼写题：根据句意及所给提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式 1.The teenagers go to the park every weekend to prepare _________ the race that is coming soon. 【答案】for 【详解】句意：青少年们每个周末都去公园，为即将到来的比赛做准备。prepare for是固定短语，意为“为……做准备”，此处需要介词for引出准备的对象。 2．Many villagers are ________ trouble after the big flood, and we should give them a hand. 【答案】in 【详解】句意：大洪水之后，许多村民陷入了困境，我们应该帮他们一把。固定搭配in trouble表示“处于困境中”，此处应用介词in。 3．—Why did you say that just now? —I ________ (kid) at that time. 【答案】was kidding 【详解】句意：——你刚才为什么那么说？——我那个时候只是在开玩笑。 根据括号内的单词提示可知，kid“开玩笑”；at that time“在那时”，提示动作在过去某个时刻正在进行，时态需用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。主语是I，因此用was；kid的现在分词形式是kidding。故填was kidding。 4．Clever animals start the ________ (prepare) for winter in early autumn. 【答案】preparation 【详解】句意：聪明的动物在初秋就开始为冬天做准备。句中“the”后面需要接名词，prepare为动词，意为“准备”，其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备”，短语start the preparation for…表示“开始为……做准备”。 5．The ________ (影评) on Douban says it is such a wonderful movie that you shouldn’t miss it. 【答案】review 【详解】句意：豆瓣上的影评说这是一部你不能错过的好电影。根据中文提示可知，考查“影评”，译为review。故填review。 6．The ________ (destroy) caused by the typhoon was much worse than we expected. 【答案】destruction 【详解】句意：台风造成的破坏比我们预想的要严重得多。destroy“破坏”，动词；空格前有定冠词“The”，此处需用名词形式destruction“破坏”，作主语。故填destruction。 7．The ________ (harm) effects of global warming may lead to more frequent natural disasters. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：全球变暖带来的不良影响可能会导致自然灾害更加频繁发生。Harm“伤害，损害，危害”，动词或名词，再结合The…effects可知，此处应用其对应的形容词形式harmful“有害的，造成伤害的”作定语修饰名词effects，指“不良的”影响。故填harmful。 8．Someone in the classroom must have h________ (隐藏) my schoolbag. 【答案】(h)idden 【详解】句意：一定是教室里有人把我的书包藏起来了。结合首字母以及中文提示可知，用hide表示“隐藏”，根据have可知，此空应填过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填(h)idden。 9．The winter vacation is coming, all the students are making _______ (prepare) for the final exam. 【答案】preparations 【详解】句意：寒假即将来临，所有的学生都在为期末考试做准备。根据空前making和提示词prepare可知，此处考查make preparations for“为……做准备”，这里需用动词prepare“准备”的名词形式preparation，此处应用复数形式preparations表示泛指。故填preparations。 10．She said she ________ (work) as a volunteer in the disaster area for a month and would come back next week. 【答案】had been working 【详解】句意：她说她已经在灾区做了一个月的志愿者，并且下周会回来。根据提示可知，主句动词“said”是一般过去时，从句的动作“work”发生在“said”之前，且持续了“a month”，属于“过去的过去”正在进行并持续的动作，因此用过去完成进行时。故填had been working。 二、句子完成题：按要求完成句子 11.天气预报说一场暴风雪将要袭击我们的城市。 The ________ ________ said that a snowstorm would hit our city. 【答案】weather report 【详解】原句中“天气预报”是关键词，表示“天气预报”的名词短语是weather report，在句中作主语。 12.我们社区的一位老师告诫我们不要独自见网友。 A teacher in our neighbourhood ________ us ________ meeting online friends alone. 【答案】warned against 【详解】原句中“告诫某人不要做某事”是关键词，表示“告诫某人不要做某事”的短语是warn sb. against doing sth.。本句为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填warned；against。 13.当暴风雨来临时，我正在图书馆看书。 I ________ ________ a book in the library when the rainstorm came. 【答案】was reading 【详解】原句中“正在看书”是关键词，表示“看书”的动词是read；句子时态为过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”，主语是I，助动词应用was，read的现在分词是reading。 14.We should deal with nature’s temper calmly. (同义句) We should ________ with nature’s temper in a ________ way. 【答案】cope calm 【详解】句意：我们应该冷静地应对大自然的脾气。改为同义句，“deal with”意为“处理，应对”，其同义词组为“cope with”；“calmly”意为“冷静地”，是副词，修饰动词，其形容词形式为“calm”，可用来修饰名词“way”，表示“冷静的方式”。 15.She runs fast. (改为比较级) She runs ________ than me. 【答案】faster 【详解】句意：她跑得快。Fast“快速地”，副词，改为比较级时需将fast变为faster，故填faster。 16.完成报告后，我才会上交它。 I will not ________ . 【答案】hand in the report until I finish it 【详解】hand in“上交”；the report“报告”；finish“完成”；it“它”，指代“the report”。对照中英文，该句考查“not…until”的结构，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语是“I”，动词填原形。故填hand in the report until I finish it。 17.The storm stopped at midnight.（改为同义句，用die down） The storm ________ ________ at midnight. 【答案】died down 【详解】句意：暴风雨在午夜停止了。原句时态为一般过去时，要求用短语die down“逐渐减弱；平息”替换stopped，需保持时态一致。die的过去式为died。 18.警察警告卡车司机在经过学校时不要开快车。(warn sb. not to do sth.) The police _______________ when they are passing by a school. 【答案】warn the truck drivers not to drive fast 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“警告卡车司机不要开快车”。the truck drivers“卡车司机”，表泛指用复数形式；drive fast“开快车”；warn sb. not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，固定搭配，句子描述客观的提醒行为，用一般现在时，主语“The police”为集体名词，谓语动词用原形warn。故填warn the truck drivers not to drive fast。 19.She was walking along the street when she saw an accident. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ she ________ when she saw an accident? 【答案】What was doing 【详解】句意：她看到事故时正沿着街道走。划线部分walking along the street是过去进行时的动作，对动作提问要用疑问词What；原句时态为过去进行时(was/were doing)，主语是she，be动词用was，在疑问句中，需将was提到主语前，并用doing代替原划线的动作，故填What；was；doing。 20.He survived the flood because he stayed on the roof. (改为强调句，强调原因状语) ________ ________ ________ he stayed on the roof ________ he survived the flood. 【答案】It was because that 【详解】句意：他在洪水中幸存下来，因为他待在屋顶上。原句时态为一般过去时，改为强调句，应用句型“It was+被强调部分+that从句”，要强调原因状语，was后接because。故填It；was；because；that。 三、情景运用题：根据图片中的情景或根据所给的提示词完成句子 21.你想表达当暴风雨来临时你正在睡觉，怎么说？ _________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was sleeping when the rainstorm came. 【详解】此处表达的是暴风雨来临的那一刻自己正在睡觉，主句用过去进行时描述当时正在进行的动作，故I was sleeping when the rainstorm came.符合语境。 22．A: ________________? B: No, I was not prepared for the typhoon because I didn’t think it would be that strong. 【答案】Were you prepared for the typhoon / Did you prepare for the typhoon 【详解】答句以“No”开头，同时说明“没有为台风做准备”，因此问句需询问“你为台风做准备了吗”，填“Were you prepared for the typhoon?”或“Did you prepare for the typhoon?”符合语境。 23．—_____________________ Treasure Island?     —Yes, I have read it many times. 【答案】Have you ever read 【详解】根据答语Yes, I have read it many times.可知，问句应该是一般疑问句，询问的是关于是否读过《金银岛》这本书的情况。“Have you ever done sth.”是现在完成时的一般疑问句结构，用于询问对方是否曾经做过某事，应填Have you ever read。 24．A: ________________while it was snowing? B: My mom was preparing dinner at that time. 【答案】What was your mom doing 【详解】A询问下雪的时候对方妈妈正在做什么，答语后半句My mom was preparing dinner at that time是过去进行时的回答，可知问句也要用过去进行时，此处应填What was your mom doing，句首首字母大写。 25．A: What were you doing at the time of the earthquake?   B: ________________________________________ 【答案】I was doing my homework at home. 【详解】问句用过去进行时询问地震发生这个过去特定时间你正在做的动作，答语也应用过去进行时。主语是I，过去进行时结构为“I was+动词现在分词(短语)”，只要内容符合日常逻辑都是正确的。 26．necessary, before, meal ______________________________ 27．shower, ring ______________________________ 28． eyes, bad ______________________________ 29． big, than ______________________________ 30．used to, enjoy ______________________________ 【答案】26．It’s necessary to wash your hands before meals. 27．The boy was taking a shower when the telephone rang. 28．Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 29．Tom’s schoolbag is bigger than Jim’s. 30．He used to enjoy playing the violin 【解析】26．根据提示单词和图片内容可知，需要表达的句子是“饭前洗手很必要。”时态为一般现在时。It’s necessary to do sth“做某事是有必要的”；wash your hands before meals“饭前洗手”。故填It’s necessary to wash your hands before meals.“饭前洗手很必要。” 27．根据提示单词和图片内容可知，需要表达对的意思为“当电话响时，小男孩正在洗澡。”应该使用主从复合句，主句使用过去进行时，从句使用一般过去时，用when引导时间状语从句。take a shower“洗澡”；ring“电话铃响”。故填The boy was taking a shower when the telephone rang.“当电话响时，小男孩正在洗澡。” 28．根据提示单词和图片内容可知，这里要表达的是“在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害处。”这是对客观事实的陈述，句子用一般现在时。动名词短语“reading in the sun”作主语，动名词短语作主语谓语动词用单数；be bad for意为“对……有害”；your eyes“你的眼睛”。故填Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes。“在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害处。” 29．根据提示单词和图片内容可知，这里要表达的是“汤姆的书包比吉姆的大。”big“大的”，是形容词；than比。Tom’s schoolbag“汤姆的书包”；Jim’s“吉姆的”；两者相比较用big的比较级bigger；是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填Tom’s schoolbag is bigger than Jim’s. “汤姆的书包比吉姆的大。” 30．根据提示单词和图片内容可知，此处表达的是“他过去喜欢拉小提琴”，he“他”，作主语；used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”；enjoy doing sth. “喜欢做某事”；play the violin“拉小提琴”。故填He used to enjoy playing the violin“他过去喜欢拉小提琴。” 四、单项选择题：请从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项 31.He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people ______ the beach. A．off B．on C．in D．across 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他立刻行动起来，冲过去让人们离开海滩。 考查介词辨析。off离开；on在……上；in在……里；across穿过。get sb. off...意为“使某人离开某地”。根据rushed to get people...the beach可知，此处表示让人们从海滩上离开，用介词off表示“离开……”。故选A。 32.— Whose umbrella is this? — It ________ be Lily’s. She was here just now. A．must B．can C．need D．would 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这是谁的伞？——它一定是莉莉的。她刚才还在这儿。 must一定；can可能；need需要；would将会。根据She was here just now.可知，她刚才在这儿，推测伞一定是她的，表示肯定推测用must。 33.—How long ago did the forest fire start? —________. The firefighters are still working. A．At three B．Since three hours C．For about three hours D．For three 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这场森林火灾是多久前发生的？——大约三个小时了。消防员还在工作。 At three 在三点；Since three hours 表述错误；For about three hours 大约三个小时；For three 表述不完整。how long用于询问时长，需用“for+时间段”来回答，此处符合要求的是For about three hours，应填For about three hours。 34.—________ people has the rescue team rescued so far? —More than 50. They are all safe. A．How many B．What C．When D．Where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——到目前为止救援队已经救出了多少人？——超过50人。他们都很安全。 How many多少（用于询问可数名词数量）；What什么；When何时；Where哪里。答句回答的是人数，问句需用“How many”提问可数名词的数量。 35.The earthquake happened suddenly, but luckily no one ________ hurt. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：地震突然发生了，但幸运的是没有人受伤。 is用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数；was是is和am的过去式，用于一般过去时，主语为第一人称单数或第三人称单数；are用于一般现在时，主语为第二人称单复数、第三人称复数；were是are的过去式，用于一般过去时，主语为第二人称单复数、第三人称复数。根据happened可知，时态为一般过去时，主语“no one”是不定代词，作主语时，动词要用单数形式。 36.The rainstorm ________ at 9 p.m. last Sunday. At that time, we ________ a card game. A．started; played B．was starting; were playing C．started; were playing D．was starting; played 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周日晚上9点暴风雨开始了。在那时，我们正在玩纸牌游戏。 第一空根据时间状语at 9 p.m. last Sunday可知动作发生在过去具体时刻，用一般过去时started；第二空根据At that time可知表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时were playing。 37.________ the bad weather, the sports meeting will be put off until next week. A．Because B．Because of C．As D．For 【答案】B 【详解】句意：由于糟糕的天气，运动会将被推迟到下周。 Because因为；Because of因为；As因为；For因为。because、as、for都有“因为”的意思，但它们后面都接句子。because of意为“因为，由于”，后面接名词、代词或动名词等。本题中“the bad weather”是名词短语，所以应该用because of。 38.When I got up this morning, my mom ________ breakfast in the kitchen. A．makes B．made C．was making D．is making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天早上我起床时，我妈妈正在厨房做早餐。 根据When I got up this morning可知，该句描述的是过去某个时间点正在发生的事情，即“我起床时，妈妈正在做早餐”，所以应该用过去进行时，应填was making。 39.By the time the rescuers arrived at the disaster area, the villagers ________ in the rain for three hours. A．wait B．waited C．have waited D．had been waiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当救援人员到达灾区时，村民们已经在雨中等了三个小时了。 考查时态辨析。wait等待，一般现在时；waited等待，一般过去时；have waited等待，现在完成时；had been waiting等待，过去完成进行时。根据By the time the rescuers arrived at the disaster area可知，到达灾区是过去时，而村民们等待的动作发生在到达之前，且持续了三个小时，所以用过去完成进行时。故选D。 40.The famous poem “The wildfire can’t burn them all up; they grow again when spring wind blows.” tells us ________. A．why do we protect nature B．life is full of hope C．when the spring wind comes D．how to stop wildfires 【答案】B 【详解】句意：著名的诗歌“野火烧不尽，春风吹又生”告诉我们生活充满了希望。 why do we protect nature我们为什么要保护自然；life is full of hope生活充满希望；when the spring wind comes当春风吹来时；how to stop wildfires如何阻止野火。宾语从句需用陈述语序，A项为疑问语序，排除；根据诗句常识可知，该句象征生命力顽强，寓意生活充满希望，B项符合题意，C、D项不符合诗句主旨。 五、完形填空题：阅读短文，结合上下文从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案 I am Cheng Yang from China. Last year a terrible 41 hit my city. It started raining in July and kept raining for almost a month. The water on the streets got higher and 42 every day. We had to take boats instead of cars. We lost lots of things. Schools closed and farms were destroyed (破坏) badly. We 43 food and clean water. In some places the water was even higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a 44 world. Because of the flood, lots of hardships broke out. Some people died. The soil and other things made the water become very 45 . It was in summer, so the hot weather and dirty water made the air very bad. People got ill and hospitals didn’t have enough 46 for them. When the flood was over, I 47 my city. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very 48 , I thought. We had to rebuild our city, take care of the 49 people and help them out of hospitals. I just hope that one day, people can 50 natural disasters effectively (有效地) whenever they happen. In fact, people are very clever and disasters bring people closer together. 41．A．flood B．drought C．earthquake 42．A．less B．higher C．cleaner 43．A．lost B．spent C．bought 44．A．fire B．water C．tree 45．A．fresh B．black C．dirty 46．A．windows B．decisions C．rooms 47．A．looked into B．looked up C．looked around 48．A．strong B．worried C．upset 49．A．poor B．sick C．homeless 50．A．study B．beat C．face 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者程杨的家乡遭遇一场严重洪水的经历，描述了洪水带来的破坏与困境，以及洪水过后人们坚强重建城市、互相帮助的过程和感悟。 41．句意：去年一场可怕的洪水袭击了我的城市。 flood洪水；drought干旱；earthquake地震。根据We had to take boats instead of cars.以及Because of the flood可知，此处指的是发生洪水。故选A。 42．句意：街上的水一天比一天高。 less更少；higher更高；cleaner更干净。根据The water on the streets got higher and ... every day.可知，街道上的水变得越来越高。“higher and higher”是固定表达，符合雨持续下导致水位上升的语境。故选B。 43．句意：我们失去了食物和干净的水。 lost失去；spent花费；bought买。根据We lost lots of things ... food and clean water.可知，洪水导致失去食物和干净水。前文We lost lots of things.也做了铺垫。故选A。 44．句意：我感觉我们生活在一个水的世界里。 fire火；water水；tree树。根据In some places the water was even higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a ... world.可知，此处指到处是水，“我”感觉像生活在水的世界一样。故选B。 45．句意：泥土和其他东西让水变得非常脏。 fresh新鲜的；black黑色的；dirty脏的。根据The soil and other things made the water become very...可知，泥土等让水变脏，且后文dirty water made the air very bad也呼应了这一点。故选C。 46．句意：人们生病了，医院没有足够的房间/床位容纳他们。 windows窗户；decisions决定；rooms房间/床位。根据People got ill and hospitals didn’t have enough ... for them.可知，医院没有足够房间给病人住，“rooms”在此处指代病房资源。故选C。 47．句意：洪水过后，我环顾我的城市。 looked into调查；looked up查阅/抬头看；looked around环顾四周。根据Everything was destroyed及句意可知，此处指洪水退去后，“我”环顾四周。look around意为“四处看”，符合语境。故选C。 48．句意：一切都被摧毁了，很多人病了，但我们仍然非常坚强。 strong坚强的；worried担心的；upset沮丧的。根据Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very ...可知，人们虽遭遇灾难但很坚强。strong意为“坚强的”，符合语境。后文We had to rebuild our city的行动也体现了这一点。故选A。 49．句意：我们必须重建我们的城市，照顾生病的人，帮助他们出院。 poor贫穷的；sick生病的；homeless无家可归的。根据take care of the ... people and help them out of hospitals.可知，此处指照顾生病的人并帮他们走出医院，前文lots of people were sick也做了铺垫。故选B。 50．句意：我只希望有一天，无论自然灾害何时发生，人们都能有效地应对它们。 study学习；beat打败；face面对/应对。根据I just hope that one day, people can ... natural disasters effectively (有效地) whenever they happen.可知，此处指“我”希望人们能有效面对灾难。“face natural disasters”表示“应对自然灾害”，符合语境。故选C。 六、语法选择题：阅读短文，根据上下文和语法知识，从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案 Natural disasters are unpredictable and can bring great damage to human beings. However, with proper preparation and scientific knowledge, we can minimize the risks and protect ourselves better. First, it’s necessary to learn about different types of natural disasters. We should know their characteristics, warning signs, and 51 measures. For example, before a typhoon comes, we need to close windows, store enough food and water, and 52 from low-lying areas. Knowing these basic facts can help us stay calm when disasters happen. Second, paying attention to weather forecasts and early warnings is crucial. Meteorological departments use advanced equipment to monitor weather changes and 53 warnings in time. We should check the forecasts regularly, especially during seasons when natural disasters are 54 , such as summer and autumn for typhoons. Third, having an emergency plan is essential for families. Every family should discuss and make a plan that includes meeting places, emergency contacts, and necessary supplies. It’s also important to practice the plan 55 so that everyone knows what to do in an emergency. Fourth, helping each other during and after disasters can make a big difference. When a natural disaster strikes, people in the affected areas need support. We can donate money, food, or clothing, or volunteer to help with rescue and reconstruction work. This not only helps those in need but also 56 the spirit of unity. However, even with all these preparations, we may still face unexpected situations. That’s why it’s important to stay 57 and follow the instructions of rescuers. Panic can only make things worse. We should believe that with the efforts of the government, scientists, and the whole society, we can overcome any natural disaster. In fact, facing natural disasters is also a way to test human beings’ courage and wisdom. By learning from each disaster, we can improve our prevention and response capabilities. 58 we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident in dealing with future natural disasters. Remember, nature is powerful, but human beings are 59 . As long as we respect nature, protect the environment, and prepare well, we can live in harmony with nature and reduce the damage caused by 60 temper. 51．A．protect B．protective C．protection D．protected 52．A．stay away B．stay up C．stay on D．stay in 53．A．send out B．take out C．put out D．look out 54．A．common B．commonly C．unusual D．unusually 55．A．regular B．regularly C．irregular D．irregularly 56．A．strengthen B．strengthens C．strengthened D．strengthening 57．A．calm B．calmly C．nervous D．nervously 58．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because 59．A．power B．powerful C．powerless D．powerfully 60．A．nature B．natures C．nature’s D．natural 【答案】 51．B 52．A 53．A 54．A 55．B 56．B 57．A 58．A 59．B 60．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了面对不可预测的自然灾害，人类可以通过学习灾害知识、关注预警、制定应急计划、互助合作以及保持冷静等方式，来降低风险、更好地保护自己，并强调在尊重自然、保护环境的前提下，人类能够与自然和谐共处。 51．句意：我们应该了解它们的特征、预警信号以及保护措施。 protect保护，动词；protective保护的，形容词；protection保护，名词；protected受保护的，形容词/过去分词。根据their characteristics, warning signs, and...measures可知，空处与前面两个名词并列，应选择形容词“protective”作定语，修饰“measures”，构成名词短语protective measures“防护措施”。故选B。 52．句意：例如，在台风来临前，我们需要关好窗户，储存足够的食物和水，并远离低洼地区。 stay away远离；stay up熬夜；stay on继续停留；stay in待在家里。根据from low-lying areas可知，台风天应“远离”低洼地带。故选A。 53．句意：气象部门使用先进设备监测天气变化并及时发出警告。 send out发出；take out取出；put out扑灭；look out小心。根据warnings可知，气象部门会“发出”预警。故选A。 54．句意：我们应该定期查看天气预报，特别是在自然灾害常见的季节，比如夏秋季节的台风。 common常见的，形容词；commonly常见地，副词；unusual不寻常的；unusually不寻常地。根据such as summer and autumn for typhoons可知，这些季节台风是“常见的”。空处修饰名词“seasons”，需用形容词“common”。故选A。 55．句意：定期演练计划也很重要，这样每个人都知道在紧急情况下该做什么。 regular定期的，形容词；regularly定期地，副词；irregular不规则的；irregularly不规则地。根据practice the plan...so that everyone knows what to do可知，空处修饰动词“practice”，需用副词“regularly”。故选B。 56．句意：这不仅帮助了需要帮助的人，也强化了团结精神。 strengthen强化，原形；strengthens强化，三单；strengthened强化，过去式；strengthening强化，现在分词。主语“This”指代前文互助的行为，为单数，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，动词需用三单形式“strengthens”。故选B。 57．句意：这就是为什么保持冷静并遵循救援人员的指示很重要。 calm冷静的，形容词；calmly冷静地，副词；nervous紧张的；nervously紧张地。根据“stay”可知，是“stay + 形容词”结构，表示保持某种状态，应用形容词“calm”。故选A。 58．句意：只要我们不断提高我们的知识和技能，我们在应对未来的自然灾害时会更有信心。 If如果；Unless除非；Though尽管；Because因为。根据we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident...可知，前后句为条件关系，应用“If”引导条件状语从句。故选A。 59．句意：记住，大自然是强大的，但人类也是强大的。 power力量，名词；powerful强大的，形容词；powerless无力的，形容词；powerfully强大地，副词。根据nature is powerful, but human beings are...的并列对比结构可知，人类也是“强大的”，应用形容词“powerful”。故选B。 60．句意：只要我们尊重自然、保护环境、做好准备，我们就能与自然和谐共处，减少大自然的脾气造成的破坏。 nature自然，名词；natures自然（复数）；nature’s自然的，所有格；natural自然的，形容词。根据“caused by...temper”可知，此处表示“大自然的脾气”，应用名词所有格“nature’s”。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $