内容正文:
专题03 时态(现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时)
2027年安徽省(分类招生和对口招生)
《英语一轮讲练测》复习课件
1
目 录
01
考情解码·命题预警
02
体系构建·思维可视
03
核心突破·靶向攻坚
04
真题溯源·考向感知
考情解码·命题预警
01
【复习目标】
时态是英语学习中一个重要的语法范畴,是中职对口高考中必考的一个语法难题。近五年职教高考中,每年都会出现动词时态辨析。本专题主要讲解的基本时态有现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。
考情分析
年份 题号 考点 考法
2020 74 现在完成时 动词时态辨析
2021 62 一般现在时 动词时态辨析
2022 71 一般将来时 动词时态辨析
2023 63 一般过去时 动词时态辨析
2024 70 现在进行时 动词时态辨析
2025 64 一般将来时 动词时态辨析
体系构建·思维可视
02
专题2 时态
专题2 时态
专题2 时态
核心突破·靶向攻坚
03
单击此处添加章节副标题
现在进行时
PART1
现在进行时定义
现在进行时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前正在做着的动作。
考点透视
知识定位
时态
形式
动名词
肯定
否定
疑问
使用条件
标志词
变化规则
能力要求
现在进行时的结构
否定形式
问句形式
主语 + be not doing sth.
be + 主语 + doing
主语 + be doing sth.
Lily is doing her homework now.
Lily is not doing her homework now.
Is Lily doing her homework now?
肯定形式
现在进行时三大用法
1) 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
— What’s your brother doing now?
你弟弟在做什么?
— He is flying a kite.
他在放风筝。
2)习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
The number is getting bigger and bigger.
数字在逐渐变大。
现在进行时三大用法
现在进行时三大用法
3)表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
He is always thinking of others.
他总是想着别人。
(表赞扬)
动名词变化规则
口诀 规则 例子
直 1. 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing。 play –playing
去 2. 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing。 take – taking
双 3.重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing。 cut – cutting
变 4. 以-ie结尾的动词,把ie变成y再加-ing。 lie – lying
die – dying
tie - tying
一般现在时标志词
此时此刻:now, at the moment 或It’s+几点钟
提示语: Listen! Look! Keep quiet! Don’t make noise!
持续进行: these days, all the time
It’s six o’clock. The children are playing basketball.
Keep quiet! The teachers are talking in the office.
Uncle Wang is building a small room for his dog these days.
19
如何判断现在进行时
(1)一般句中用到表示“在现在”的时间状语,如:now, right now, at the moment 或It’s+几点钟”句型,常判断用现在进行时。Eg:
It’s six o’clock. The children are playing basketball.
现在六点钟了,孩子们正在打篮球。
20
如何判断现在进行时
(2)句中用到“Listen!” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Don’t make noise!”等提示语时,表明说话间另一个动作正在进行,这时,句子也要用现在进行时。Eg:
Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the office.
安静!老师正在办公室里谈话。
21
如何判断现在进行时
(3)现在进行时常用来表示在当前一直做着的动词,这时句中常用these days ,all the time等时间状语。Eg:
These days, uncle Wang is building a small room for his dog.
这些天,李叔叔正在为他的狗建一个小房子。
22
如何判断现在进行时
(4) 通过上下文句义,表明某一动作是现在或说话瞬间发生的动作,这个句子也要用现在进行时态。Eg:
— Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪儿?
— He is running on the playground .
他正在操上想跑步。
23
如何判断现在进行时
(5)某些动词的现在进行时,表示预定的计划或即将发生的动作。
Eg:
I am coming to see you next week.
下周我来看你。
24
如何判断现在进行时
(6)现在进行时还可以表示一个现阶段频繁发生的动作,常与always, forever等词连用。
Eg:
He is always asking me the same question.
他总是问我同一个问题。
25
过去进行时
PART2
现在
将来
过去
B:I was leaving for school when Wenchuan Earthquake happened.
(一)过去进行时的构成:
was/were+doing
27
1).昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。
I was doing my homework at that time yesterday.
2).昨晚我一直在看电视。
I watched TV last night.
1.过去进行时常表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段内正在进行的动作。
过去某一时刻
过去某一阶段内
(二):过去进行时的用法:
I was watching TV last night.
强调过程
强调过去的事实
28
2.过去进行时可表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行。
当我到家时,她正在做饭。
When (当...... 时侯) I came home, she was cooking dinner.
一般过去式
过去进行时
29
While (When) you were speaking to the teacher, I saw you.
1).你在和老师谈话时我看见了你。
3.过去进行时可表示一个动作正在进行
另一个动作突然发生 。
(用一般过去式)
(用过去进行时)
(while“当...... 时侯”和进行时连用并且连用 的动词要用延续性动词)
30
4.过去进行时可表示两个动作同时进行.
While I was watching TV, my mother was cooking.
当我在看电视时,我母亲在做饭。
2).我正在做饭,就在那时她敲门了。
I was cooking when(就在那时)she knocked at the door.
when=and then就在那时
when当...... 时侯
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(三)与过去进行时连用的时间状语有:
1.at this (that)time +过去时间
2.at ten o’clock+过去时间
3.from 6 to 9+过去时间
4.those days
5.由when和while引导的一般过去时的句子
32
(四)过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
过去进行时着重描述当时正在持续进行的动作,它的特点是:暂时,持续和未完成,强调过程;一般过去时表示发生过的动作或存在的状态,即表示动作发生过,或者已经结束了,强调事实或结果。
1.She wrote a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚给她的朋友写了封信(信写完了)
2.She was writing a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。 (信不一定写完)
33
过去进行时的肯定式与否定式
1. 过去进行时的肯定式由“主语+was/were + 动词ing”构成
例:We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。
2. 过去进行时的否定式由“主语+was/were not +现在分词”构成
例:This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车。
34
现在完成时
PART3
1.现在完成时的构成
2.一般疑问句及否定句结构
3.现在完成时的用法
4.时间状语
The Present Perfect Tense
1.什么是现在完成时?
Let's learn together!
现在完成时表示动作从过去的某一个时间开始,到现在还没有结束,或动作对现在还有影响。
e.g. I have had(过去分词)my breakfast.
我已经吃了早饭。
也就是说,吃早饭的动作是今天早晨的某一刻发生的,对现在仍有影响。一旦吃了中午饭,就不能用现在完成时来表达吃早饭的概念了。
2.现在完成时的结构是什么?
Let's learn together!
让我们来看几个例句,归纳总结一下!
I have learned English for three years.
He has played the football for an hour.
The meeting has begun for half an hour.
She has swum for quiet some time.
主语(第一、二人称)+have+动词的过去分词+宾语(或其他)
主语(第三人称)+has+动词的过去分词+宾语(或其他)
3.过去分词的构成有几种形式?
Let's learn together!
过去分词的构成有两种形式:
a. 规则动词:直接在动词后面加-ed。
过去式和过去分词相同。
e.g. work 工作—worked(过去分词)
play—played(过去分词)
listen—listened(过去分词)
过去分词规则变化
Let's learn together!
⭐ verb+ed,如worked, played, visited(注意发音变化:动词以清辅音结尾的词,加ed后读[t],如looked;以元音或浊辅音结尾的动词,加ed后读[d],如happened;以t、d结尾的动词,加ed后读[id],如waited)。
过去分词规则变化
Let's learn together!
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,加ed,如carried,studied。
以重读闭音节结尾的单词,若结尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写该字母,再加ed,如stopped,shopped。
以e结尾的动词,直接加d,如lived。
3.过去分词的构成有几种形式?
Let's learn together!
过去分词的构成有两种形式:
b.不规则动词:与原来的动词有变化,需要查词典才知道,总共有两百多个。
e.g.
begin(动词原形)—began(过去式)—begun(过去分词)
swim(动词原形)—swam(过去式)—swum(过去分词)
在记动词的变化形式时,最好是将动词的三种形式放在一起来记。
TIPS
e.g.
go(动词原形)—went(过去式)—gone(过去分词)
come(动词原形)—came(过去式)—come(过去分词)
do(动词原形)—did(过去式)—done(过去分词)
have(动词原形)—had(过去式)—had(过去分词)
不规则动词的不规则变化有规律可寻。
TIPS
Read after me!
肯定式:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语(或其他)
否定式:主语+have/has not (haven‘t/hasn’t) +动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语(或其他)
一般疑问式:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语(或其他)+?
肯定回答:Yes,I/we/you/they等(第一人称,第二人称,第三人称复数) have.
或Yes,she/he/it/人名等(第三人称单数) has.
否定回答:No,I/they/we/you haven't.或No,she/he/人名 hasn't.
特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)+?
现在完成时的四种句式变化
have been to 与 have gone to
have been to表示曾经去过某地,现在人已经回来。
Lily has been to Shanghai twice.(Lily现在在家)
have gone to表示去了某地,人还在某地没有回来。
Lily has gone to Shanghai.(Lily现在人在上海。)
have/has +
past participle
Brian_________ his first tooth.
have
spend
tell
break
ride
has lost
leave
feel
see
work
sell
forget
speak
get
drink
meet
fall
eat
be
win
lose
lost
lost
lose
Choose the correct verb.
have
spend
tell
break
ride
lose
I think I ________________ my trousers.
have forgotten
leave
feel
see
work
sell
speak
get
drink
meet
fall
eat
be
win
forget
forgot
forgotten
forget
Choose the correct verb.
have
spend
tell
break
ride
lose
Bob and Sue _____ just ____ married.
have got
leave
feel
see
work
sell
forget
speak
drink
meet
fall
eat
be
win
get
got
got / gotten
get
Choose the correct verb.
finished
finish
has finished
He … his homework.
have finished
PRESENT PERFECT – no time reference (the result is more important)
has seen
have seen
saw
I … Linda at the cinema yesterday.
seen
PAST SIMPLE – signal word “yesterday” (it tells us when it happened)
has … eat
has … eats
has … eaten
She … already … breakfast.
has … ate
PRESENT PERFECT – signal word “already” (for a recently finished action)
has leave
has left
left
Bob … five minutes ago.
leave
PAST SIMPLE – signal word “…ago” (it is a finished past action)
随堂小练
07
Click on the right option
1.He _________ a lot of prizes since he entered this school.
has got
THANK YOU!
NEXT
has got
got
2.This is the first time that I ________ such beautiful music.
have heard
THANK YOU!
NEXT
heard
have heard
Click on the right option
Click on the right option
The number of campus bookstores in this city ________ from a few to over 100 in the past three years.
has jumped
THANK YOU!
NEXT
has jumped
jump
Have been
— ________ you ever ________ to the Great Wall?
— Yes, I went there last year.
Have
THANK YOU!
Has been
been
真题溯源·考向感知
04
单击此处添加章节副标题
1.(2025年安徽省职教高考)The sports meeting ________ successfully last month.
A. are held B. held C. was held D. were held
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态及语态。句意:上个月成功举行了运动会。分析句子可知,空处是句子谓语;根据时间状语last month可知,句子时态是一般过去时,且主语The sports meeting与谓语动词“举办”之间构成被动关系,即“运动会被举办”,应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were+过去分词,主语The sports meeting是单数,对应be动词用was,hold的过去分词是held。故选C。
【即时训练】
2.(2023年安徽省职教高考)Last year Jack_____two medals in the sports meet, and he hopes to get more this year.
A. earns B. Earned C. has earned D. will earn
【答案】B
【详解】本题考查一般过去时。根据句意,“去年杰克_____在运动会中获得两枚奖牌,他希望今年能得到更多。”可知前半句时间状语last year为过去时间,动词时态用一般过去时。故选B。
【即时训练】
3.(2023年安徽省职教高考)Nowadays,environmental protection_______ as one of the most important tasks for us.
A. takes B. took C. is taken D. was taken
【答案】C
【详解】该题考查现在时的被动语态。根据题干中Nowadays可知是表示现在的事情,要用一般现在时:再根据environmental protection与take的关系可知是被动语态,因此C项正确。
【即时训练】
4.(2022年安徽省职教高考) -- It's Tony's birthday next Friday.
--Is it? I didn't know.I ____ him a card tomorrow.
A.send B. sent C. will send D. have sent
【答案】C
【详解】本题考查一般将来时。根据句意,“--下周五是托尼的生日。--是吗?我不知道。我明天____他一张卡片。”可知后半句时间状语tomorrow为将来时间,动词时态用一般将来时。故选C。
【即时训练】
5.(2022年安徽省职教高考) I'm proud that my town______ as City of Culture last month.
A. chooses B. chose C. is chosen D. was chosen
【答案】D
【详解】该题考查过去时的被动语态。根据题干中last month可知是表示过去的事情,要用一般过去时:再根据my town与choose的关系可知是被动语态,因此D项正确。
【即时训练】
6.(2021年安徽省职教高考)Lily loves sports. She_____running in the park every morning.
A. goes B. went C. is going D. has gone
【答案】A
【详解】一般现在时的考查。“莉莉喜欢运动,她每天早上都去公因跑步"every morning每天早上,谓语动词用一般现在时。主语是第三人称谓语动词用goes,故选A。
【即时训练】
7.(2021年安徽省职教高考)Paper_____by the Chinese about 2,000 years ago.
A. invents B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented
【答案】C
【详解】该题考查过去时的被动语态。根据题干中about 2,000 years ago.可知是表示过去的事情,要用一般过去时:再根据paper与invent的关系可知是被动语态,因此C项正确。
【即时训练】
Thank you for listening!
Thank you
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