考前押题04 七选五6大常考话题（期末复习专项训练）高一英语下学期人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦七选五6大常考话题，通过真题实战与考题猜想系统训练，覆盖高频主题，强化语言理解与逻辑衔接能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |真题实战|健康生活5篇、认识自我4篇、社会服务4篇、历史文化4篇、科学技术3篇、环境保护3篇|七选五补全短文，考查上下文逻辑衔接|围绕核心话题构建语篇，培养语言能力与文化意识，话题贴近学生生活与社会热点，逻辑链清晰| |考题猜想|6篇|预测性七选五，模拟真实考试情境|延续真题话题逻辑，拓展思维品质，提升应试适应性|

考前押题04 七选五6大常考话题（期末复习专项训练） 目录 话题 篇目 真题实战 6大常考话题 话题一：健康的生活方式与积极的人生态度 5 话题二：认识自我改善自我 4 话题三：社会服务与人际沟通 4 话题四：历史、社会与文化 4 话题五：科学与技术 3 话题六：自然生态与环境保护 3 考题猜想 Passage1-6 6 6大常考话题一: 健康的生活方式与积极的人生态度（5篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下山东济南·期末）Chinese government introduced a national plan called “Weight Management Campaign”. It is to help people manage their weight and live healthier lives. 36 Why is obesity (肥胖) a problem? 37 It can also cause serious health problems. Studies show that by 2030, 70.5% of adults and 31.8% of children could be overweight. If people do not act now, they may face serious health problems at younger age. What is a healthy weight? Doctors use BMI (体重指数) to check if someone’s weight is healthy. For Chinese teenagers, a BMI between 15 and 22 is healthy. However, a BMI of 23 means overweight, and over 26 means obesity. 38 Keeping healthy habits is the most important thing. 39 It is wise to choose brown rice, fresh vegetables and fruit, fish and chicken for meat most of the time. Second, exercise also plays an important role. Experts suggest at least 150 minutes of moderate (中等的) exercise per week, like running, cycling or swimming. How can society help? It is necessary to get social and medical support. Some schools hold sports meetings and set up more sports clubs. Some cities have weight control programs in hospitals. 40 Remember, small changes make a big difference. Let’s work together to build a healthier and happier China! A．These programs give advice on food choice, exercise, and weigh loss. B．It is necessary to drink more water. C．First, people should eat properly. D．What should we do to keep healthy? E．Here are the things we should know about the plan. F．People should have enough sleep firstly. G．Being overweight is not just about good looking. 【答案】36．E 37．G 38．D 39．C 40．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国政府推出的“体重管理运动”的计划，以及肥胖的危害和保持健康的一些措施。 36．上文“Chinese government introduced a national plan called “Weight Management Campaign”. It is to help people manage their weight and live healthier lives.(中国政府推出了一项名为“体重管理运动”的国家计划。它是为了帮助人们控制体重，过上更健康的生活。)”说明介绍了“体重管理运动”这个国家计划，以及下文的小标题可知，选项E“以下是关于这个计划我们应该知道的事情。”为过渡句，承上启下。故选E项。 37．上文“Why is obesity (肥胖) a problem?(为什么肥胖是一个问题？)”以及下文“It can also cause serious health problems.(它也会导致严重的健康问题。)”说明肥胖是一个问题，会导致健康问题，选项G“超重不仅仅是关于外表好看与否的问题”承接上文并引出下文，肥胖不仅仅是外表好不好看的问题，还会导致不健康。故选G项。 38．下文“Keeping healthy habits is the most important thing. 　　4　　 It is wise to choose brown rice, fresh vegetables and fruit, fish and chicken for meat most of the time. Second, exercise also plays an important role. Experts suggest at least 150 minutes of moderate (中等的) exercise per week, like running, cycling or swimming.(保持健康的习惯是最重要的。　　4　　大多数时候选择糙米、新鲜蔬菜和水果、鱼和鸡肉作为肉类是明智的。其次，锻炼也起着重要的作用。专家建议每周至少进行150分钟的适度运动，比如跑步、骑自行车或游泳。)”说明本段主要介绍了保持健康的习惯的一下具体做法，选项D“我们应该做些什么来保持健康？”概括本段主旨内容，故选D项。 39．下文“It is wise to choose brown rice, fresh vegetables and fruit, fish and chicken for meat most of the time.(大多数时候选择糙米、新鲜蔬菜和水果、鱼和鸡肉作为肉类是明智的。)”说明保持健康习惯中关于饮食方面的做法，选项C“首先，人们应该合理饮食。”引出下文，是对下文的总结，故选C项。 40．上文“Some cities have weight control programs in hospitals.(一些城市的医院有体重控制项目。)”说明医院提供一些体重控制的项目，选项A“这些项目提供关于食物选择、锻炼和减肥的建议。”承接上文，具体说明项目内容。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末） Do you sometimes get caught up in overthinking and don’t know what to do about it? If so, you might benefit from trying one of these three methods to help manage overthinking, and allow your mind to rest: ●Schedule a “thinking time” 16 This time could be spent going through any worries, considering any problem-solving, or just thinking about what you need. And if something crops up outside this time, you can try to set it aside until your “thinking time”, so that it doesn’t affect your mood. ● 17 The more you actively tell yourself not to think about something, the more impossible it becomes to consider anything else. Instead, redirect your attention elsewhere. If you’re watching TV and your mind wanders into worries, grab a book, call a friend, or ask someone to play a board game. 18 However, shaking up what you’re interacting with can help the overthinking from sticking. ●Physically let things go. 19 First, write a list of all the things bothering you, divided into what you can control, and what you can’t. Tear the list of uncontrollable things up, or put it in the bin! Seeing what you can’t control clearly can help loosen the hold these worries have on you, and leave you with a list you can actively work on. Second, if you’re not even sure how to write that list, simply write down everything that’s concerning you. 20 Again, you could destroy the page when you’re done as a means of symbolically letting go. A．Change course. B．See the “bigger picture”. C．It doesn’t really matter what you do. D．There are two ways journaling can help with this. E．Write down five things that have gone right over the past week and your role in them. F．When it’s in writing, it’s easier to see what’s worth your worrying, and what isn’t. G．Setting aside time for space with your thoughts can help stop your worries from affecting the rest of your day. 【答案】16．G 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了几种避免过度思考的方法。 16．根据标题“Schedule a “thinking time” (安排思考时间)”和下文的“This time could be spent going through any worries, considering any problem-solving, or just thinking about what you need. And if something crops up outside this time, you can try to set it aside until your “thinking time”, so that it doesn’t affect your mood. (这段时间可以用来经历任何烦恼，考虑任何问题的解决，或者只是思考你需要什么。如果在这个时间之外出现了什么，你可以试着把它放在一边，直到你的“思考时间”，这样它就不会影响你的情绪。)”可知，G项(留出时间思考可以帮助你避免担忧影响你一天的其余时间。)指出标题做法带来的好处，即避免担忧影响你一天的其余时间，下文解释说明如何具体去做到留出时间来思考。故选G项。 17．根据下文的“The more you actively tell yourself not to think about something, the more impossible it becomes to consider anything else. Instead, redirect your attention elsewhere. If you’re watching TV and your mind wanders into worries, grab a book, call a friend, or ask someone to play a board game. (你越积极地告诉自己不要去想某件事，就越不可能考虑其他任何事情。相反，将注意力转移到其他地方。如果你在看电视，脑子里充满了忧虑，那就拿本书，给朋友打电话，或者请别人玩棋盘游戏。)”可知，A项(转移注意力)能够概括本段内容，指出通过转移注意力可以避免过度思考，适合作为标题，故选A项。 18．根据上文的“The more you actively tell yourself not to think about something, the more impossible it becomes to consider anything else. Instead, redirect your attention elsewhere. If you’re watching TV and your mind wanders into worries, grab a book, call a friend, or ask someone to play a board game. (你越积极地告诉自己不要去想某件事，就越不可能考虑其他任何事情。相反，将注意力转移到其他地方。如果你在看电视，脑子里充满了忧虑，那就拿本书，给朋友打电话，或者请别人玩棋盘游戏。)”和下文的“However, shaking up what you’re interacting with can help the overthinking from sticking. (然而，改变你正在与之互动的东西可以帮助你避免过度思考。)”可知，C项(你做什么并不重要。)承接上文，指出了上文提到的具体做法可以帮助你避免过度思考，有自己的自由选择，并与下文构成转折关系。故选C项。 19．根据下文的“First, write a list of all the things bothering you, divided into what you can control, and what you can’t. Tear the list of uncontrollable things up, or put it in the bin! Seeing what you can’t control clearly can help loosen the hold these worries have on you, and leave you with a list you can actively work on. Second, if you’re not even sure how to write that list, simply write down everything that’s concerning you. (首先，列出所有困扰你的事情，分为你能控制的和你不能控制的。把无法控制的事情清单撕下来，或者把它放进垃圾桶里！清楚地看到你无法控制的事情可以帮助你放松这些担忧，给你留下一份可以积极处理的清单。其次，如果你甚至不确定如何写这份清单，只需写下所有与你有关的事情。)”可知，D项(写日记有两种方法可以帮助解决这个问题。)作为段落的主题句，引出了下文的两个具体做法，符合语境。故选D项。 20．根据上文的“Second, if you’re not even sure how to write that list, simply write down everything that’s concerning you. (其次，如果你甚至不确定如何写这份清单，只需写下所有与你有关的事情。)”和下文的“Again, you could destroy the page when you’re done as a means of symbolically letting go. (同样，当你完成时，你可以破坏这张页面，作为象征性放手的一种方式。)”可知，F项(当它写下来时，更容易看出什么值得你担心，什么不值得。)承接上文，说明了写下来的好处，可以帮助你分辨哪些事情值得去思考，做出合理的选择，与下文衔接通顺，完成任务后可以扔掉它以获得放松。故选F项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东肇庆·期末）There are lots of exciting ways to sort out your book shelves and organize your book collection. With organized bookshelves, you’ll be able to spot what you’re most excited to read next. You may wonder how you can refresh your shelves and enjoy your books. 11 12 If you don’t have a room for a personal library, make the most of the space you have available. Whether it’s in a special reading corner or on a bookshelf, it’s a good idea to keep all of your books together in one place. It’s always inspiring to be surrounded by a colourful mix of old favorites and new titles in a cosy bookish corner. Sort out your books. Different books are organized in different ways. Picture books are usually ordered alphabetically. Fiction, poetry and graphic novels are placed by the author’s surname. 13 Gather your books together and start sorting. In this way, you can easily pick out those you are eager to read. Display special books. Showcase stories by putting a favourite book face-out on a shelf (with the cover pointing outwards instead of the spine). 14 This simple act not only makes the book stand out but also invites others to take a closer look at it. It can become a conversation start er among book lovers visiting your space. Sort and swap. Make space for new books by organizing a book swap with friends or donate some to a charity shop. Sometimes, it may be hard to decide which ones are ready to go to a new home. However, swapping is a great way to make way for new favourites and pass on favourites to other readers too. 15 A．Create a dedicated place. B．Set up a personal library. C．Below are some top tips from experts. D．So, start going through your collection today. E．And non-fiction books are grouped in themes. F．It’s a simple way to highlight a book on your shelf. G．But be careful not to damage the book while doing this. 【答案】11．C 12．A 13．E 14．F 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了整理书架和书籍收藏的几种方法，包括创建专门的空间、分类书籍、展示特别的书以及交换书籍等，帮助人们更好地管理自己的藏书。。 11．根据上文“You may wonder how you can refresh your shelves and enjoy your books. (你可能想知道如何整理你的书架并享受你的书籍。)”以及下文小标题可知，上文提出了一个问题，即如何整理书架并享受书籍，下文给出了具体的建议。C选项“Below are some top tips from experts. (以下是一些专家的顶级建议。)”承上启下，既回应了上文的疑问，又引出了下文的具体建议。故选C项。 12．根据设空位置和下文“If you don’t have a room for a personal library, make the most of the space you have available. Whether it’s in a special reading corner or on a bookshelf, it’s a good idea to keep all of your books together in one place. (如果你没有房间建个人图书馆，那就充分利用你现有的空间。无论是在一个特别的阅读角落还是在书架上，把所有的书都放在一起是个好主意。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要创造一个专门的地方来放书，把所有的书都放在一起，A选项“Create a dedicated place. (创造一个专门的地方。)”概括了本段的主要内容，适宜作为小标题。故选A项。 13．根据上文“Picture books are usually ordered alphabetically. Fiction, poetry and graphic novels are placed by the author’s surname. (图画书通常按字母顺序排列。小说、诗歌和图画小说按作者的姓氏排列。)”可知，此处提到不同类型的书有不同的整理方式，E选项“And non-fiction books are grouped in themes. (非小说类书籍则按主题分组。)”承接上文，继续讲述非小说类书籍的排列方式，与上文并列，结构一致。故选E项。 14．根据上文“Showcase stories by putting a favourite book face-out on a shelf (with the cover pointing outwards instead of the spine). (展示故事的方法是把一本最喜欢的书正面朝外放在书架上（封面朝外而不是书脊朝外）。)”可知，此处讲述了一种展示书籍的方法，F选项“It’s a simple way to highlight a book on your shelf. (这是一种简单的方法来突出你书架上的一本书。)”承接上文，解释了这种方法的作用，即突出书架上的一本书。故选F项。 15．根据上文“Make space for new books by organizing a book swap with friends or donate some to a charity shop. Sometimes, it may be hard to decide which ones are ready to go to a new home. However, swapping is a great way to make way for new favourites and pass on favourites to other readers too. (通过与朋友组织书籍交换或捐赠一些给慈善商店来为新书腾出空间。有时候，可能很难决定哪些书准备好去新家了。然而，交换是为新喜欢的书腾出空间并把喜欢的书传递给其他读者的好方法。)”可知，此处建议通过与朋友交换书籍或捐赠给慈善商店来为新书腾出空间，并说明交换书籍的好处，D选项“So, start going through your collection today. (所以，从今天开始整理你的藏书吧。)”承接上文，是对上文建议的总结，鼓励读者行动起来，开始整理藏书。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·湖南雅礼中学·期末）Have you ever complained that there just aren’t enough hours in a day? Do you usually find yourself falling short on time in completing assigned tasks? 16 No matter how hard I tried, tasks just kept piling up towards the end every day and it became extremely difficult to stay productive. In spite of trying all kinds of free and paid to-do apps, nothing helped. That didn’t change until I discovered the time management technique called Time Blocking. Since then, I have been able to transform my daily schedule for the better with the help of Time Blocking. 17 It is a simple time management technique where you schedule your day such that it is divided into time blocks that are dedicated to specific tasks or groups of tasks. 18 Imagine that you have a dozen or so tasks that you want to finish working on tomorrow. You open your to-do app of choice and neatly list down everything that you plan to do, and then plot some important meetings and reminders in your calendar app. 19 The more specific you are about the task, the more focused and productive you will be and thus, more productive. 20 It not only makes your to-do list more manageable, but also it gives you more control over your day and helps you prioritize your tasks. It also improves your focus and helps get rid of procrastination(拖延症), as it allows you to focus on one project at a time. A．So what is it exactly? B．Is everyone interested in it? C．I used to be in the same boat. D．The benefits of Time Blocking are substantial. E．Let’s further explain the concept in another way. F．You’ll encounter countless questions like these in your life. G．You’ll need to be very specific about the time and what you’re planning to do. 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种时间管理技巧——时间保护法（Time Blocking）。 16．前文“Have you ever complained that there just aren’t enough hours in a day? Do you usually find yourself falling short on time in completing assigned tasks?（你是否曾经抱怨过一天的时间不够用？你是否经常发现自己不能按时完成分配给你的任务？）”向读者提出两个关于时间分配方面的问题，后文“No matter how hard I tried, tasks just kept piling up towards the end every day and it became extremely difficult to stay productive.（无论我多么努力，每天的任务总是堆积如山，要保持高效率变得极其困难。）”讲述作者自己在时间分配上的处境，C项“I used to be in the same boat.（我以前也是这样。）”符合语境，承上启下，从前文过渡到后文。故选C。 17．前文“That didn’t change until I discovered the time management technique called Time Blocking. Since then, I have been able to transform my daily schedule for the better with the help of Time Blocking.（直到我发现了一种叫做“时间保护”的时间管理技巧，这种情况才有所改变。从那以后，我已经能够在时间保护的帮助下更好地改变我的日常计划。）”引入时间保护“Time Blocking”这一概念，后文的段落开始具体介绍这一概念，A项“So what is it exactly?（那么它到底是什么呢？）”符合语境，承上启下，自然引出后文内容，其中的“it”指代前文的“Time Blocking”。故选A。 18．前文“It is a simple time management technique where you schedule your day such that it is divided into time blocks that are dedicated to specific tasks or groups of tasks.（这是一种简单的时间管理技巧，你可以把你的一天安排成专门用于特定任务或任务组的时间段。）”解释了Time Blocking这一概念，后文“Imagine that you have a dozen or so tasks that you want to finish working on tomorrow. You open your to-do app of choice and neatly list down everything that you plan to do, and then plot some important meetings and reminders in your calendar app.（想象一下，你有一打左右的任务，你想在明天完成。你打开你选择的待办事项应用程序，整齐地列出你计划做的所有事情，然后在你的日历应用程序中安排一些重要的会议和提醒。）”设想了具体应用该概念的情景，E项“Let’s further explain the concept in another way.（让我们以另一种方式进一步解释这个概念。）”符合语境，承上启下，自然过渡到后文的具体解释。故选E。 19．后文“The more specific you are about the task, the more focused and productive you will be and thus, more productive.（你的任务越具体，你的注意力就越集中，效率也就越高。）”说明了任务的具体程度和注意力、效率的关系，G项“You’ll need to be very specific about the time and what you’re planning to do.（你需要非常具体地说明时间和你计划做什么。）”符合语境，自然引出后文，其中的“specific”与后文内容呼应。故选G。 20．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落内容。后文“It not only makes your to-do list more manageable, but also it gives you more control over your day and helps you prioritize your tasks. It also improves your focus and helps get rid of procrastination(拖延症), as it allows you to focus on one project at a time.（它不仅使你的待办事项清单更易于管理，而且还能让你更好地控制你的一天，帮助你优先考虑你的任务。它还能提高你的注意力，帮助你摆脱拖延症，因为它能让你一次专注于一个项目。）”具体介绍了时间保护这一策略的好处，D项“The benefits of Time Blocking are substantial.（时间保护的好处是巨大的。）”符合语境，可概括段落内容。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·山东烟台·期末）In running, training your body is of great importance. Your lungs, legs and heart do most of the work. 36 Research has shown the incredible influence of mental conditions on performance. Here are some mental techniques to improve your running. Some runs may be a period of hard work, and the more you try to run through it, the worse you feel. 37 This allows you to feel better the next day. When you let your brain rest, it sets your body up to feel safe. The brain says, “I can listen to my body, and I can take care of my body.” This trust relaxes you, making runs more enjoyable. Positive self-talk improves performance of runners in hot conditions. It indeed contributes to better results. Interventions (干预) including self-talk training are more effective, which redirect your mind from discomfort, tiredness or other ideas that might get in your way. For example, you think to yourself “I can do this” — you’re actively not thinking or engaging in negative thoughts. 38 If you need to make a run more fun, challenge yourself to a speed play. For example, run slow for 30 seconds, then medium for 10 seconds, then fast for 20 seconds. 39 Try running slowly to one tree, then going at a reasonable pace to a mailbox. 40 When you train your mind, you can make runs that feel great happen more often. When you get home from a successful run, make a note — literally pen to paper or on your phone — of the reasons why it felt good. It will be a reminder of why you started running in the first place. A．You can also use objects as markers. B．Give yourself the option to try again. C．Training your mind is just as essential, though. D．Preparations before running are really necessary. E．You’re advised to increase your training intensity. F．Performing a mental review is strongly recommended. G．It shuts them off by focusing on something else and quiets anxieties. 【答案】36．C 37．B 38．G 39．A 40．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在跑步中训练大脑的重要性及一些提升跑步表现的心理技巧。 36．上文“In running, training your body is of great importance. Your lungs, legs and heart do most of the work.(在跑步中，训练你的身体非常重要。你的肺、腿和心脏承担了大部分工作)”说明在跑步中训练身体很重要，身体各部位承担大部分工作。下文“Research has shown the incredible influence of mental conditions on performance.(研究表明，精神状况对表现有着令人难以置信的影响)”说明心理状态跑步中的表现有惊人影响。空处承上启下，连接身体训练和心理训练，体现心理训练的重要性。所以C项“不过，训练你的大脑同样重要。”符合语境。C选项中的“just as essential”与上文中的“of great importance”相呼应，“Training your mind”和下文中的“incredible influence of mental conditions”相呼应。故选C。 37．上文“Some runs may be a period of hard work, and the more you try to run through it, the worse you feel.(有些跑步可能是一段艰苦的工作，你越努力跑过去，感觉就越糟糕)”说明有些跑步很艰苦，越努力越难受。下文“This allows you to feel better the next day.(这会让你第二天感觉更好)”说明这样做的好处。空处和上文为顺承关系，并引出下文，说明可以给自己再次尝试的选择。所以B项“给自己再次尝试的选择。”符合语境。下文中的This指代该项中的“给自己再次尝试的选择”。故选B。 38．上文“For example, you think to yourself “I can do this” — you’re actively not thinking or engaging in negative thoughts.(例如，你对自己说“我能做到”——你实际上没有思考或陷入消极的想法)”说明积极自我暗示能避免消极想法。空处和上文为顺承关系，说明积极自我暗示的作用。所以G项“它通过关注其他事情来关闭它们，让焦虑平静下来。”符合语境。G选项中的It指代前文的积极自我暗示，说明其能通过关注其他事情来避免消极想法，让焦虑平静。故选G。 39．上文“If you need to make a run more fun, challenge yourself to a speed play. For example, run slow for 30 seconds, then medium for 10 seconds, then fast for 20 seconds.(如果你需要让跑步更有趣，挑战自己进行速度游戏。例如，慢跑30秒，然后中速跑10秒，然后快速跑20秒)”说明可以通过变速跑让跑步更有趣。空处和上文为顺承关系，进一步说明这种方法如何操作。所以A项“你也可以用物体作为标记。”符合语境。A选项延续了用具体方式进行变速跑的思路，且下文“Try running slowly to one tree, then going at a reasonable pace to a mailbox.(试着慢慢跑到一棵树前，然后以合理的速度跑到邮箱前)”是对A选项的具体举例，故选A。 40．下文“When you train your mind, you can make runs that feel great happen more often. When you get home from a successful run, make a note — literally pen to paper or on your phone — of the reasons why it felt good. It will be a reminder of why you started running in the first place.(当你训练你的大脑时，你可以让感觉很棒的跑步更频繁地发生。当你成功跑完回家后，把感觉良好的原因记下来——用笔写在纸上或手机上。这会提醒你最初为什么开始跑步)”说明要记录跑步感觉良好的原因，这是一种回顾。空处为本段的主旨句。F项“强烈建议进行心理回顾。”符合语境，引出下文记录和回顾的内容。故选F。 6大常考话题二：认识自我改善自我（4篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·重庆第一中学·期末）In today’s fast-paced world, many people push themselves beyond their personal limits. 16 Recognizing and respecting your limits is not a sign of weakness—it’s a form of self-awareness that helps you live a healthier and more productive life. Ignoring your limits can have serious consequences. For instance if you consistently work late hours despite feeling tired, you might eventually burn out. 17 However, you could say to your boss, “I can finish this task by tomorrow morning after I’ve had some rest.” Understanding your limits also means knowing when to ask for help. 18 Trying to do everything alone often leads to frustration and mistakes. It’s okay to admit that you don’t have all the answers. It’s important to listen to your body’s signals. Pay attention to your body and emotions. Are you constantly tired? Do you feel depressed or overwhelmed? 19 Once you recognize these signs, take a step back and adjust your schedule or responsibilities. 20 By setting realistic goals and learning to say no when necessary, you create space for recovery and personal growth. Remember, life is not a race—it’s about finding a sustainable pace that works for you. A．These are signals that you might be pushing yourself too hard. B．You might think that working harder always leads to success. C．Assigning tasks or seeking support is a smart strategy. D．You should never compare yourself with others. E．Pushing beyond your limits can sometimes bring short-term gains. F．Learning to respect your limits is a lifelong skill. G．This behaviour often leads to stress, exhaustion, and even health problems. 【答案】16．G 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是认识并尊重自身极限的重要性。 16．空前“In today’s fast-paced world, many people push themselves beyond their personal limits.(在当今快节奏的世界里，许多人都在推动自己超越个人极限)”说明了现在很多人都在推动自己超越自己的极限，空格处应该对这种行为进行评价，G选项“This behaviour often leads to stress, exhaustion, and even health problems.(这种行为通常会导致压力，疲惫，甚至健康问题)”说明了推动自己超越极限这种行为会带来一些不好的后果，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 17．空前“For instance if you consistently work late hours despite feeling tired, you might eventually burn out.(例如，如果你一直工作到很晚，尽管感觉很累，你可能最终会筋疲力尽)”提到一直工作到很晚的情况，空格处应该说和“工作到很晚”相关的内容，B选项“You might think that working harder always leads to success.(你可能认为努力工作总是会成功)”说明了你对工作到很晚的一种看法，认为这会让你成功，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 18．空后“Trying to do everything alone often leads to frustration and mistakes. It’s okay to admit that you don’t have all the answers.(试图独自完成所有事情往往会导致挫折和错误。承认你不知道所有问题的答案是可以的)”说明承认自己做不到一些事情也是可以的，C选项“Assigning tasks or seeking support is a smart strategy.(分配任务或寻求支持是一个明智的策略)”说明寻求别人的支持是一个明智的策略，和空后承认自己做不到一些事情相一致，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 19．空前“It’s important to listen to your body’s signals. Pay attention to your body and emotions. Are you constantly tired? Do you feel depressed or overwhelmed?(倾听身体发出的信号很重要。要多留意自己的身体和情绪状况。你是否总是感到疲惫不堪？你是否感到沮丧或压力重重？)”说明了要注意自己身体发出的信号，且列举了几种身体的反应，空格处应该对这几种身体反应进行评述，A选项“These are signals that you might be pushing yourself too hard.(这些都是你可能把自己逼得太紧的信号)”说明了空前列举的几种反应说明你把自己逼得太紧了，承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 20．空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“By setting realistic goals and learning to say no when necessary, you create space for recovery and personal growth. Remember, life is not a race—it’s about finding a sustainable pace that works for you.(通过设定现实的目标，学会在必要的时候说不，你就为恢复和个人成长创造了空间。记住，生活不是一场赛跑——它是关于找到一个适合你的可持续的节奏)”可知，本段主要讲的是要现实一点，认识到自己的极限，F选项“Learning to respect your limits is a lifelong skill.(学会尊重自己的极限是一项终身技能)”说明了学会尊重自己的极限是一项终身技能，也就是要认识到自己的极限，概括了本段内容，可作为主旨句，故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·四川绵阳·期末） How to Stop Replaying the Awkward Moment in Your Mind Awkward moments are a common part of life. You might do something embarrassing and suddenly your face turns red and you panic. You feel like you need to fix what’s gone wrong. These short moments often stay in your mind long after they’ve passed, creating unnecessary stress. 16 Keep in mind that notices or cares about your mistakes as much as you do. Research shows people often overemphasize others’ attention. This is a psychological phenomenon called “the spotlight effect.” 17 So don’t be too hard on yourself. Try focusing on other details if your brain can’t stop replaying an awkward moment. 18 For example, what did the room look like? Or what else happened that weekend? 19 What makes us uncomfortable mainly comes from the unspoken rules of social manners. For example, is it really so bad if you answered someone’s polite “How are you?” with “Terrible. You?” 20 Experiencing such embarrassing moments helps you learn so much about the world. Don’t let the fear of embarrassment stop you from doing something important, especially on health and safety. Give yourself a pat on the back for overcoming your awkward moment. And remember: everybody feels awkward sometimes. So, it’s reasonable to admit the awkwardness lightly or use humor. By following these steps, you can gain confidence in handling embarrassing situations. A．Feeling awkward is part of growing up. B．Replaying your awkward moments is helpful. C．It may lessen the emotion tied to that memory. D．Challenge the source of your social discomfort. E．Thankfully, there are things you can do to manage. F．Bear the awkward moments to improve self- control. G．No one remembers you once called your teacher “Mommy”. 【答案】16．E 17．G 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了停止反复回想尴尬时刻的方法，如认识到他人不那么在意、关注其他细节、挑战不适根源等，以缓解压力。 【详解】16．根据上文“Awkward moments are a common part of life. You might do something embarrassing and suddenly your face turns red and you panic. You feel like you need to fix what’s gone wrong. These short moments often stay in your mind long after they’ve passed, creating unnecessary stress.(尴尬的时刻是生活中的常见现象。你可能会做出一些令人尴尬的事，然后突然间脸红起来，感到惊慌失措。你会觉得自己需要去纠正已经发生的事情。这些短暂的时刻往往会在过去之后仍久久萦绕在你的脑海中，从而带来不必要的压力)”可知，前文指出尴尬时刻带来的困扰，本句引出下文解决方法。故E选项“谢天谢地，你可以采取一些措施来应对”符合语境，故选E。 17．根据上文“Keep in mind that notices or cares about your mistakes as much as you do. Research shows people often overemphasize others’ attention. This is a psychological phenomenon called “the spotlight effect.”(请记住，对于你的错误，他人所给予的关注程度与你自身给予的关注程度是相同的。研究表明，人们往往会过度强调他人的关注。这是一种被称为“聚光灯效应”的心理现象)”可知，本句承接“聚光灯效应”，举例说明他人不会像自己想的那样在意尴尬瞬间，印证“不必对自己太苛刻”，故G选项“没有人会记得你曾经叫老师‘妈妈’这件事”符合语境，故选G。 18．根据上文“Try focusing on other details if your brain can’t stop replaying an awkward moment.(如果你的大脑无法停止反复回想某个尴尬的时刻，那就试着把注意力转移到其他细节上)”可知，前文建议关注其他细节，本句解释该做法的作用，故C选项“这可能会减轻与那段记忆相关的感情”符合语境，故选C。 19．根据后文“What makes us uncomfortable mainly comes from the unspoken rules of social manners. For example, is it really so bad if you answered someone’s polite “How are you?” with “Terrible. You?”(令我们感到不适的主要是那些未被明确规定的社交礼仪规则。比如，如果你对别人礼貌的“你好吗？”这样的问候语回应道“糟透了。你呢？”这样做真的有那么不妥吗？)”可知，后文讨论社交礼仪中的潜规则对尴尬感的影响，故D选项“挑战导致你社交不适的根源”符合语境，故选D。 20．根据后文“Experiencing such embarrassing moments helps you learn so much about the world. Don’t let the fear of embarrassment stop you from doing something important, especially on health and safety.(经历这样的尴尬时刻能让你对这个世界有更深入的了解。不要因为害怕尴尬而放弃去做重要的事情，尤其是在健康和安全方面)”可知，后文提到尴尬时刻助人成长，本句与之呼应，强调其积极意义。故A选项“经历尴尬是成长过程中的正常现象”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·山东青岛·期末） We all have strengths and weaknesses — that’s completely normal. In fact, recognizing both helps us understand ourselves better. Understanding our strengths can help boost our self-confidence. 16 . In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal Strengths”. List all the characteristics you are proud of. Are you patient? Hardworking? Honest? It’s important to acknowledge and appreciate your own strengths. On a separate sheet of paper, write down the heading “Good Deeds”. Think about all the kind things you have done for others. It could be helping a classmate with their studies, offering your seat to someone on the bus, or simply smiling at a stranger. 17 . You can also ask a friend or family member to help you with this exercise. 18 . Views from others can sometimes reveal your admirable actions. Furthermore, consider discussing any areas where you feel you could improve, as constructive feedback can be invaluable in personal development. Of course, we all have times when we feel weak and make mistakes. 19 . Try to see them as chances to grow and improve. Accept your mistakes, learn from them, and then keep moving forward. Appreciate each experience, both good and bad, as they shape you into a wiser and more resilient (坚韧的) individual. 20 . It requires time, patience, and a willingness to learn and adapt. In this journey, we can unlock our true potential and grow with a positive mindset and a clearer understanding of who we are. A．To do this, you can try a simple writing exercise. B．This process will stop you from achieving more. C．Sometimes, being kind might become your weaknesses. D．They might help you understand your personality better. E．But keep in mind that they are a natural part of learning. F．Note down even the smallest acts of kindness as they truly matter. G．Remember, understanding ourselves better is an ongoing process. 【答案】16．A 17．F 18．D 19．E 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕如何更好地认识自我展开，指出认识自身的优缺点是正常且有必要的，介绍了罗列个人优点、记录善举、借助他人反馈等了解自身优势的方法。 16．上文“Understanding our strengths can help boost our self-confidence. (了解自身的优点有助于增强自信心。)”点明了了解自身优点的作用，下文“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal Strengths”. List all the characteristics you are proud of. (在日记本或纸上写下标题“个人优点”，列出所有你为之自豪的特质。)”介绍了一种具体的梳理个人优点的书写方法。A项“要做到这一点，你可以尝试一个简单的书写练习”承接上文了解自身优点的话题，引出下文具体的书写练习方法，让上下文形成行为与具体做法的衔接，符合语境。故选A。 17．上文“Think about all the kind things you have done for others. It could be helping a classmate with their studies, offering your seat to someone on the bus, or simply smiling at a stranger. (想想你为他人做过的所有善事，可能是帮同学补习功课、在公交车上让座，也可能只是对陌生人微笑。)”提及要回想自己做过的各类善事，还举例说明善举不分大小。F项“即使是最微小的善举也要记录下来，因为它们确实意义重大”承接上文对善举的回想，进一步强调要记录善举，且突出微小善举的价值，契合本段“记录善举”的核心内容，逻辑连贯。故选F。 18．上文“You can also ask a friend or family member to help you with this exercise. (你也可以请朋友或家人帮你完成这个练习。)”提出可以借助他人的帮助完成梳理优点、记录善举的练习，下文“Views from others can sometimes reveal your admirable actions. (他人的看法有时能发现你身上令人称赞的行为。)”说明他人视角的作用。D项“他们或许能帮你更好地了解自己的性格”承接上文请他人帮忙的做法，说明他人帮忙的具体作用，同时为下文他人视角的价值做铺垫，符合语境。故选D。 19．上文“Of course, we all have times when we feel weak and make mistakes. (当然，我们都会有感到软弱和犯错的时候。)”指出人都会有不足和犯错的情况，下文“Try to see them as chances to grow and improve. (试着把它们看作成长和进步的机会。)”建议将这些情况视为成长机会。E项“但要记住，这些都是学习过程中自然的一部分”通过“但”转折，对上文的不足和错误做出客观评价，让读者正视这类情况，自然引出下文将其视为成长机会的建议，逻辑通顺。故选E。 20．下文“It requires time, patience, and a willingness to learn and adapt. In this journey, we can unlock our true potential and grow with a positive mindset and a clearer understanding of who we are. (这需要时间、耐心，以及学习和适应的意愿。在这个过程中，我们能发掘自己真正的潜力，以积极的心态成长，更清晰地认识自我。)”指出某件事需要的条件以及带来的收获，且用“旅程”“过程”体现其持续性。G项“记住，更好地认识自我是一个持续的过程”作为本段主旨句，精准概括了下文的核心内容，其中“持续的过程”与下文的“时间、耐心”“旅程”相呼应，符合语境。故选G。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·河南郑州·期末） Although smartphones bring great convenience to our lives, how and where we store them can have unexpected results. Considering your health and damage to the phone, you’d better think twice before putting your phone in certain places. Many people are used to keeping their phones in their pockets all day. 16 Studies have shown that when a phone is connected to WiFi and placed close to the body, such as in a pocket, radiation exposure (辐射暴露) increases greatly. This may cause health problems like cancer development. 17 Even though it’s convenient, your pillow is not a safe place for your phone. The LED light from the screen may affect your natural sleep cycle, and the phone may overheat, leading to a fire risk. Sleeping so close to radiation is also something to think about. Some people leave their phones in their cars. The temperatures in the car can be extremely high in summer and cold in winter. 18 For example, it may damage battery life, make the screen work badly, or even cause data loss. Keeping your phone too close to your face is also something to avoid. Using headphones or earphones is a safer way to stay connected. The bacteria (细菌) on your screen can transfer to your skin, leading to skin problems. 19 The beach may be fun for you, but not for your phone. Strong sunlight can easily cause your phone to overheat. 20 They both can seriously damage your phone. A．Many people use their phone s before sleep. B．In addition, small sand may get into the phone. C．Putting your phone near water is not a good idea. D．Long-term contact may also cause early skin aging. E．This might seem harmless, but it may affect your health. F．Extreme temperatures can have a bad effect on your phone. G．Another common habit is sleeping with a phone under the pillow. 【答案】16．E 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了智能手机给生活带来便利的同时，放置不当会对健康和手机造成损害，并列举了一些不宜放置手机的地方及原因。 16．根据上文“Many people are used to keeping their phones in their pockets all day. (许多人习惯整天把手机放在口袋里。)”以及下文“Studies have shown that when a phone is connected to WiFi and placed close to the body, such as in a pocket, radiation exposure (辐射暴露) increases greatly. This may cause health problems like cancer development. (研究表明，当手机连接到WiFi并靠近身体放置时，比如放在口袋里，辐射暴露会大大增加。这可能会导致癌症等健康问题。)”可知，上文描述了一种人们放置手机的习惯，下文则说明了这种习惯可能带来的健康风险。E选项“This might seem harmless, but it may affect your health. (这可能看起来无害，但可能会影响你的健康。)”中的“This”指代上文提到的把手机放在口袋里的习惯，且“harmless”与下文提到的健康风险形成对比，承上启下。故选E项。 17．根据下文“Even though it’s convenient, your pillow is not a safe place for your phone. (尽管很方便，但枕头并不是放置手机的安全地方。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是把手机放在枕头下的情况。G选项“Another common habit is sleeping with a phone under the pillow. (另一个常见的习惯是把手机放在枕头下睡觉。)”引出了本段的主题，即把手机放在枕头下睡觉这一习惯，与下文内容紧密相关，且其中“under the pillow”和下文的“pillow”相呼应。故选G项。 18．根据上文“Some people leave their phones in their cars. The temperatures in the car can be extremely high in summer and cold in winter. (有些人把手机留在车里。夏天车里的温度会非常高，冬天则会非常冷。)”以及下文“For example, it may damage battery life, make the screen work badly, or even cause data loss. (例如，它可能会损坏电池寿命，使屏幕工作不正常，甚至导致数据丢失。)”可知，上文描述了车里温度的极端情况，下文则列举了极端温度对手机可能造成的损害。F选项“Extreme temperatures can have a bad effect on your phone. (极端温度会对你的手机产生不良影响。)”承上启下，总结了上文提到的极端温度情况，并引出了下文对手机可能造成的损害。故选F项。 19．根据上文“Keeping your phone too close to your face is also something to avoid. Using headphones or earphones is a safer way to stay connected. The bacteria (细菌) on your screen can transfer to your skin, leading to skin problems. (把手机放得离脸太近也是要避免的。使用耳机是更安全的连接方式。屏幕上的细菌会转移到皮肤上，导致皮肤问题。)”可知，此处描述了把手机放得离脸太近可能带来的皮肤问题，D选项“Long-term contact may also cause early skin aging. (长期接触也可能导致皮肤早衰。)”进一步说明了长期把手机放得离脸太近可能带来的更严重的皮肤问题，与上文内容紧密相关。故选D项。 20．根据上文“The beach may be fun for you, but not for your phone. Strong sunlight can easily cause your phone to overheat. (海滩对你来说可能很有趣，但对你的手机来说不是。强烈的阳光很容易导致手机过热。)”以及下文“They both can seriously damage your phone. (它们都会严重损坏你的手机。)”可知，上文描述了海滩环境对手机的不利影响，即阳光强烈导致手机过热，且下文中的“both”暗示了除了上文提到的阳光外，还有另一种因素也会损坏手机。B选项“In addition, small sand may get into the phone. (此外，小沙子可能会进入手机。)”提出了另一种可能损坏手机的因素，即沙子进入手机，与上文内容紧密相关，且引出了下文对手机可能造成的损害的总结。故选B项。 6大常考话题三: 社会服务与人际沟通（4篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下广东广州·期末）Humor is a common human quality that brings joy to our daily lives. 11 It helps us connect with others more easily, reduces stress in challenging times, and even improves our overall health. Doctors have found that people who laugh regularly tend to have stronger immune systems. A number of factors influence someone’s sense of humor. 12 Baby, for example, tend to laugh at simple games like peek-a-boo, while teenagers may delight in irony. As people grow older, what they find funny develops. Cultural differences also play a big role. A joke that’s extremely funny in one country might be rude in another. 13 Not everyone has a sense of humor. Those with autism (自闭症), for example, may take jokes literally and not understand why others are laughing. 14 Teachers sometimes notice that students who don’t understand classroom jokes may feel lonely or left out. This can create social difficulties since humor is such an important part of how people communicate and make friends. The good news is that humor skills can improve with practice. Many experts suggest that while some people are naturally funnier, everyone can develop their sense of humor. 15 Parents and teachers can help children by encouraging funny storytelling or joke-telling activities. For adults, joining a comedy club or simply watching more funny movies can help deepen their understanding of humor. A．Age is a big issue. B．The most important thing is to be respectful. C．People with a sense of humor feel less stressed. D．In such situation, they may feel uncomfortable. E．For young children, playing fun games is a good start. F．Research shows humor is connected to problem-solving skills. G．A well-developed sense of humor offers many benefits in life. 【答案】11．G 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了幽默感对人类生活的多重益处，并分析了影响幽默感的因素，同时指出幽默能力可以通过练习提升，介绍了儿童和成人的不同培养方式。 11．前文“Humor is a common human quality that brings joy to our daily lives. (幽默是带来快乐的常见人类特质)”引出幽默特质的话题，后文“It helps us connect with others more easily, reduces stress in challenging times, and even improves our overall health. Doctors have found that people who laugh regularly tend to have stronger immune systems. (它帮助我们更容易地与他人联系，在充满挑战的时候减轻压力，甚至改善我们的整体健康。医生发现，经常笑的人往往免疫系统更强)”列举幽默的各种积极作用，空处应概括幽默的益处，因此G项“A well-developed sense of humor offers many benefits in life. (良好的幽默感对生活有很多好处)”符合语境，承接前文，和后文构成总分关系。故选G。 12．前文“A number of factors influence someone’s sense of humor. (影响一个人幽默感的因素有很多)”指出幽默感受多种因素影响，后文“Baby, for example, tend to laugh at simple games like peek-a-boo, while teenagers may delight in irony. (例如，婴儿往往会对像躲猫猫这样的简单游戏发笑，而青少年可能会喜欢讽刺)”举出婴儿和青少年的例子，说明不同年龄的人喜欢不同类型的幽默，空处应点明年龄的影响，因此A项“Age is a big issue. (年龄是一个重要因素)”符合语境，承接前文，后文是对其例证。故选A。 13．前文“Cultural differences also play a big role. A joke that’s extremely funny in one country might be rude in another. (文化差异也起着很大的作用。在一个国家非常有趣的笑话在另一个国家可能是粗鲁的)”指出文化差异影响幽默，空处应给出与文化差异相关的结论或建议，因此B项“The most important thing is to be respectful. (最重要的是保持尊重)”符合语境，承接前文。故选B。 14．前文“Those with autism (自闭症), for example, may take jokes literally and not understand why others are laughing. (例如，自闭症患者可能会从字面上理解笑话，不明白别人为什么笑)”提到自闭症患者可能不理解笑话，后文“Teachers sometimes notice that students who don’t understand classroom jokes may feel lonely or left out. (老师有时会注意到，听不懂课堂笑话的学生可能会感到孤独或被冷落)”转到听不懂课堂笑话的学生的负面感受，空处应指出自闭症患者的负面感受，因此D项“In such situation, they may feel uncomfortable. (在这种情况下，他们可能感到不适)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的they指代前文的Those with autism。故选D。 15．前文“The good news is that humor skills can improve with practice. Many experts suggest that while some people are naturally funnier, everyone can develop their sense of humor. (好消息是，幽默技巧可以随着练习而提高。许多专家认为，虽然有些人天生更有趣，但每个人都可以培养自己的幽默感)”指出幽默感可以通过练习提升，后文“Parents and teachers can help children by encouraging funny storytelling or joke-telling activities. (父母和老师可以通过鼓励有趣的讲故事或讲笑话的活动来帮助孩子)”给出帮孩子提升幽默感的具体建议，空处应过渡到孩子如何练习提升幽默感，因此E项“For young children, playing fun games is a good start. (对幼儿来说，玩有趣游戏是好的开始)”符合语境，承前启后。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·河南开封·期末）One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 16 There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. 17 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. Don’t use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 18 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. 19 If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 20       Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. A．Be patient. B．Get the audience involved. C．The best messages are often simple. D．Speak directly to what matters to them. E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. 【答案】16．C 17．D 18．G 19．B 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些更有效地进行沟通的技巧。 16．上文“One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是沟通中易犯的错误，C选项“The best messages are often simple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承接上文，明确正确沟通方法，即不要“做得太多”，要避免复杂，追求简单，句中“simple”与上文“too much”形成对比。故选C项。 17．上文“Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入)”强调要迎合受众兴趣，D选项“Speak directly to what matters to them.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”进一步说明了具体做法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选D项。 18．下文“However, they’re hearing it for the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)”与设空句之间是转折关系。G选项“As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.(作为演讲者，你已经知道你要说什么了)”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what you’re going to say”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G项。 19．下文“If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.(如果你曾经当过导师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没有比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向他人解释新概念和政策的角色)”建议让受众参与其中，B选项“Get the audience involved.(让受众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。 20．上文“If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions.(如果你传达的信息不紧急，考虑发电子邮件。书面沟通会给你的受众更多时间来复习、思考，并跟进提问)”说明了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，F选项“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.(它还会给他们提供一个方便查阅的记录)”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·安徽联考·期末） Saying no can be difficult for many people. 16 However, learning how to say no and feel good about it is an important skill. Here are some strategies for actually doing it in a way that leaves us feeling good about our decision. One of the most important aspects of saying no is being honest and direct in your communication. 17 Being honest and direct in your communication helps to avoid misunderstandings and ultimately leads to better relationships. Using “I” statements can help to take the focus off the other person’s request. For example, rather than saying “I can’t help you move this weekend, ”you might say, “I need to take some time for myself this weekend and won’t be able to help you move.” 18 19 For example, if a colleague asks you to take on an extra project, you might say, “I’m not able to take on this project right now, but I can provide support later.” Doing so helps to soften the blow of your no. Besides, it shows you’re still willing to help. Setting clear boundaries for yourself can make saying no much easier. 20 Additionally, it prevents overcommitting and helps maintain a healthy balance in your life. In conclusion, learning how to say no and feel good about it helps us protect our time and energy, prioritizes our own needs and desires, and maintains healthy boundaries. A．It can feel uncomfortable and even guilty. B．We can say no with confidence and peace of mind. C．It helps maintain our physical and emotional well-being. D．If you want to help, you can offer an alternative to the request. E．Rather than skirting around the issue, simply state your reasons. F．In this way, you can shift the focus onto your own needs and desires. G．Knowing your priorities and limits helps you confidently decline irrelevant requests. 【答案】16．A 17．E 18．F 19．D 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍对许多人来说拒绝很难，并给出如何恰当拒绝的策略，如诚实直接沟通等。 16．根据上文“Saying no can be difficult for many people. (对许多人来说，拒绝可能很难。)”可知，拒绝别人对许多人来说很难，结合下文的“ However, learning how to say no and feel good about it is an important skill.(然而，学会如何拒绝并对此感到坦然是一项重要的技能。)”可知，此处需进一步说明“难”的具体感受，且与空后为转折关系。A选项“It can feel uncomfortable and even guilty. (这可能会让人感到不舒服，甚至内疚。)”承接上文且与下文为转折关系uncomfortable and even guilty，符合语境difficult。故选A项。 17．根据上文“One of the most important aspects of saying no is being honest and direct in your communication. (拒绝最重要的一点是在沟通中诚实直接。)”可知，此段强调“诚实直接”的原则。E选项“Rather than skirting around the issue, simply state your reasons. (与其回避问题，不如直接说明你的理由。)”与本段的主题一致，其中的“Rather than skirting around”与“being honest and direct”形成对比，“state your reasons”具体阐释“直接沟通”的方式，符合语境。故选E项。 18．根据上文“Using ‘I’ statements can help to take the focus off the other person’s request. (使用“我”语句有助于将焦点从对方的请求上移开。)”及举例“For example, rather than saying “I can’t help you move this weekend, ”you might say, “I need to take some time for myself this weekend and won’t be able to help you move.” (例如，与其说 “这个周末我没法帮你搬家”，你可以说 “这个周末我需要给自己一些时间，所以没办法帮你搬家了”。)”可知，此段说明“我”语句的作用。F选项“In this way, you can shift the focus onto your own needs and desires. (通过这种方式，你可以将焦点转移到自己的需求和愿望上。)”中的“In this way”指代上文“使用‘我’语句”进一步阐述“我”语句的作用，符合语境shift the focus onto your own needs”解释其核心效果，与“take the focus off the other person’s request。故选F项。 19．此处为本段的主题句，根据下文“For example, if a colleague asks you to take on an extra project, you might say, “I’m not able to take on this project right now, but I can provide support later.” Doing so helps to soften the blow of your no. Besides, it shows you’re still willing to help.”(例如，如果一位同事请你承担一个额外的项目，你可以说：“我现在无法接手这个项目，但稍后可以提供支持。” 这样做有助于减轻拒绝带来的冲击，此外，这也表明你仍然愿意提供帮助。)可知，此段建议在拒绝时提供替代方案。D选项“If you want to help, you can offer an alternative to the request. (如果你想帮忙，可以提供一个替代请求的方案。)”中的“offer an alternative”直接概括例子中的应对方式，与下文的内容吻合，符合语境soften the blow of your no”(减轻拒绝的打击)与下文“shows you’re still willing to help”(表明你仍愿意帮忙)。故选D项。 20．根据上文“Setting clear boundaries for yourself can make saying no much easier. (为自己设定明确的界限可以让拒绝变得容易得多。)”可知，此段强调“界限”对拒绝的作用。G选项“Knowing your priorities and limits helps you confidently decline irrelevant requests. (了解自己的优先事项和界限有助于你自信地拒绝不相关的请求。)”中的“Knowing your priorities and limits”具体说明“设定界限”的内涵，“confidently decline”呼应“make saying no much easier”，进一步阐述界限带来的积极效果。故选G项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·福建厦门·期末） Interruptions are terrible in communication — but not all come from the same place. “It’s possible that someone’s cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking,” says Jefferson Fisher, an author of The Next Conversation: Argue Less, Talk More. In that case? Let them get their words out. 16 Other times, your conversation partner will cut in on purpose. “What they’ re saying is, ‘What I have to say is more important than what you have to say,’” Fisher points out. What should you do about it? 17 . Just keep talking. The first time someone cuts in, continue speaking as though you haven’t been interrupted. “It might sound rude to continue what you’re saying, but it establishes power,” says Jamila Musayeva, an etiquette expert. 18 Don’t raise your voice or start to mumble (小声嘀咕). “You’re not showing them that you’re being caused by it, and you’re not giving them the attention they’re looking for,” she says. That may be all it takes to ensure they allow you to speak. 19 If the person interrupting you continues to do so, it’s time to take action. Address him by name: “Names get people’s attention,” Fisher says. Plus, when using the phrasing he suggests, you actually mean “It’s not me saying anything about you. It’s me saying it about me: ‘I can’t hear you.’” That, he’s found, usually puts an end to the interruptions. “May I finish?” People often make the mistake of apologizing when they’re the ones being interrupted: 20 Avoid that — you didn’t do anything wrong, says Elise Powers, who runs a global communications training firm. Instead, she suggests asking if you can finish what you were saying. “Do it in a confident way, where almost no one is going to say ‘No, you may not finish,’” she says. A．“Sorry, can I continue?” B．They don’t mean any harm. C．The key is maintaining the same tone. D．“John, I’ll turn it over to you when I finish.” E．“Bob, I can’t hear you when you interrupt me.” F．You’ll finish your thought, and then they can share theirs. G．We asked experts exactly what to say when someone interrupts you. 【答案】16．F 17．G 18．C 19．E 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了交流中打断他人情况不同，专家建议：首次被打断可继续说，保持语气；若持续打断，可叫其名字并表明自己讲完再让对方说，或自信询问能否讲完。 16．根据上文“Interruptions are terrible in communication — but not all come from the same place. “It’s possible that someone’s cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking,” says Jefferson Fisher, an author of The Next Conversation: Argue Less, Talk More. In that case? Let them get their words out.(在交流过程中，打断他人的情况十分糟糕——但并非所有的打断都出自同一原因。《下一次的对话：少争论，多交流》一书的作者杰斐逊·费希尔表示：“可能有人打断是因为他们难以在不说话的情况下集中注意力。”在这种情况下呢？就让他们把话说完吧)”可知，前文提到有人打断是因为难以在不说话的情况下集中注意力，此处应说明应对方式，F项“你说完自己的想法，然后他们可以分享他们的”符合逻辑，允许对方说完后自己继续，衔接自然。故选F。 17．根据上文“What should you do about it?(你对此应该怎么办？)”可知，前文提出“该怎么办”的疑问，后文是专家给出的具体建议，本句承上启下，引出下文内容。故G选项“我们向专家询问了当有人打断你时应该怎样回应”符合语境，故选G。 18．根据后文“Don’t raise your voice or start to mumble (小声嘀咕).(不要提高嗓门或开始小声嘀咕)”可知，后文提到“不要提高声音或小声嘀咕”，强调保持语气的重要性，本句是对这一做法的总结，故C选项“关键在于保持同样的语气”符合语境，故选C。 19．根据本段内容“If the person interrupting you continues to do so, it’s time to take action. Address him by name: “Names get people’s attention,” Fisher says. Plus, when using the phrasing he suggests, you actually mean “It’s not me saying anything about you. It’s me saying it about me: ‘I can’t hear you.’” That, he’s found, usually puts an end to the interruptions.(如果打断你的人继续这样做，那就该采取行动了。要直呼其名来指代对方：“名字能引起他人的注意”，费希尔说道。此外，按照他所建议的措辞来表达时，实际上你是在说“不是我在说关于你的那些话，而是我在说关于自己的那些话：‘我听不到你说话了。’”他发现，这样通常就能制止这种打断行为)”可知，此空为小标题，应概括该段内容。段中提到称呼对方名字并使用“我听不见你说话”的表述，故E选项“鲍勃，你打断我时我听不清你说的话。”符合语境，故选E。 20．根据上文“People often make the mistake of apologizing when they’re the ones being interrupted(人们常常会犯这样的错误：当自己正要发言却被打断时，却还去道歉)”以及后文“Avoid that — you didn’t do anything wrong, says Elise Powers, who runs a global communications training firm.(“别那样做——你并没有做错什么，”埃莉斯·鲍尔斯说道。她经营着一家全球性的沟通培训公司)”可知，前文指出被打断时道歉是错误的，本句对此错误做法进行举例，与后文“避免这样做——你没做错什么”呼应，故A选项“不好意思，我可以继续吗？”符合语境，故选A。 6大常考话题四:历史、社会与文化（4篇） Passage 1（24-25高一下·河南郑州·期末） One important purpose of culturally responsive education is to help all students learn to value different cultures and the people they meet. 16 This is because our world contains far more varieties than what students experience in their daily lives. How can teachers help students develop respect for cultures in different ways of thinking? Many classroom activities can help students see the worth and shared humanity of all people. For example, teachers might show common photos of diverse individuals. 17 It’s very important not to always present students with the same examples. Apart from classroom lessons about different cultures, teachers can create learning spaces that welcome all backgrounds. 18 Learners can mark their hometowns on a wall map, and classroom notices can appear in several languages. These small changes can make students from various cultures feel accepted. 19 When students understand and take pride in their own culture, they build stronger self-awareness and connection. This foundation also prepares them to protect and share their cultural heritage. One useful method for helping students value their culture involves exploring family traditions. 20 They then record meaningful lessons learned within their community. A．Begin by seeing one’s own culture in new ways. B．This allows students to meet well-known guests. C．However, this presents big challenges for teachers. D．Another aim is to help students value their own culture. E．Students can ask family members about cultural customs. F．Classroom walls can show pictures representing different cultures. G．This activity teaches about diversity through studying various people. 【答案】16．C 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了文化响应式教育的目的、实施方式及助学生重视自身文化的方法 。 16．由上文“One important purpose of culturally responsive education is to help all students learn to value different cultures and the people they meet. (文化响应式教育的一个重要目的是帮助所有学生学习重视不同的文化以及他们所遇到的人)”及下文“How can teachers help students develop respect for cultures in different ways of thinking? (教师如何帮助学生以不同的思维方式培养对文化的尊重？)”可知，上文提出文化响应式教育的目的，下文提出教师如何帮助学生培养对文化的尊重这一问题，空处应说明这一教育目的对教师来说存在挑战，C选项“然而，这对教师来说是一个巨大的挑战。”符合语境，其中“this”指代上文提到的教育目的。故选C。 17．由上文“For example, teachers might show common photos of diverse individuals. (例如，老师可能会展示不同个体的普通照片)”可知，上文举例老师展示不同个体的照片，空处应说明这一活动的意义，G选项“这个活动通过研究不同的人来教授多样性。”符合语境，其中“This activity”指代上文提到的展示照片的活动。故选G。 18．由上文“Apart from classroom lessons about different cultures, teachers can create learning spaces that welcome all backgrounds. (除了关于不同文化的课堂课程外，教师还可以创造欢迎各种背景的学习空间)”及下文“Learners can mark their hometowns on a wall map, and classroom notices can appear in several languages. (学习者可以在墙上的地图上标出他们的家乡，教室的通知可以用几种语言出现)”可知，上文提出教师可以创造欢迎各种背景的学习空间，下文举例说明学习者可以在墙上的地图上标出自己的家乡，由此推测空处应具体说明如何创造这样的空间，F选项“教室的墙上可以展示代表不同文化的图片。”符合语境，具体说明了创造学习空间的一种方式。故选F。 19．由下文“When students understand and take pride in their own culture, they build stronger self-awareness and connection. This foundation also prepares them to protect and share their cultural heritage. (当学生理解并为自己的文化感到自豪时，他们会建立更强的自我意识和联系。这一基础也为他们保护和分享自己的文化遗产做好了准备)”可知，下文强调学生理解和为自己的文化感到自豪的重要性，空处应提出这一观点，即文化响应式教育的另一个目的是帮助学生重视自己的文化，D选项“另一个目的是帮助学生重视自己的文化。”符合语境。故选D。 20．由上文“One useful method for helping students value their culture involves exploring family traditions. (帮助学生重视自己的文化的一个有用的方法包括探索家庭传统)”及下文“They then record meaningful lessons learned within their community. (然后，他们记录在社区中学到的有意义的课程)”可知，上文提出探索家庭传统这一方法，下文说明他们记录在社区中学到的课程，空处应说明学生如何探索家庭传统，E选项“学生可以向家庭成员询问文化习俗。”符合语境，具体说明了学生如何探索家庭传统。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·河北石家庄·期末） Some of us like to keep some things private — maybe we don’t want people knowing about our relationship status, our age or where we live because these details are personal. 16 . On our social media accounts, we often display things like our opinions, connections and holiday photos. However, how do we stop everybody seeing everything? Maybe we don’t want a random stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. 17 . Now they seem to be popping up on websites. So how can you stay more private? There are some steps you can take. First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms allow everything to be visible by default (默认) and the responsibility is on you to set your boundaries. And limiting the amount you share isn’t only confined (限制) to social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents so a good tip may be not to put anything too private, like passwords, on there. 18 . Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing (浏览) experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions. 19 , but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable. 20 , maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing — and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech to block them. If that’s not enough, just don’t accept them and visit another site — and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead? A．Hopefully, when you take the advice B．Deleting your browsing history may help C．So, if you want to maintain your privacy online D．One mistaken click may send it to the wrong person E．Try to adjust the settings on each device and browser you use F．And cookies — there was a time they were just something nice to eat G．The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint 【答案】16．G 17．F 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在网络社会保护隐私的具体做法。 16．上文“Some of us like to keep some things private — maybe we don’t want people knowing about our relationship status, our age or where we live because these details are personal.”（我们一些人喜欢把一些事情保密——也许我们不想让别人知道我们的感情状况、年龄或住址，因为这些细节是私人的。）说明人们不愿意公开自己的私人信息，G项“The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint”（问题是，无论我们在哪里上网，我们似乎都会留下数字足迹）指出了网络社会存在的问题，虽然我们不愿意公开个人信息，但在网络上总会留下蛛丝马迹，衔接上文恰当。故选G项。 17．上文“Maybe we don’t want a random stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. ”（也许我们不想让一个陌生人知道我们最喜欢的咖啡类型。）说明我们不想让陌生人知道我们的喜好，结合下文“Now they seem to be popping up on websites.”（现在它们似乎出现在了网站上。）可知，F项“And cookies -- there was a time they were just something nice to eat”（还有饼干——曾经它们只是一些好吃的东西）中“cookies”照应后文“they seem to be popping up on websites”说明“cookies”本来是一种食物，现在却成了计算机机术语。故选F项。 18．上文“There are many sites out there that help you to share documents so a good tip may be to not put anything too private, like passwords, on there.”（有很多网站可以帮助你分享文档，所以一个好的建议是不要在上面放任何过于隐私的东西，比如密码。）建议我们不要把过于隐私的东西放在网站上，D项“One mistaken click may send it to the wrong person”（一个错误的点击可能会把它发送给错误的人）指出了这样做会产生的后果，衔接上文恰当，故选D项。 19．上文“Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing(浏览) experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions.”（最后，缓存文件的设计是为了通过跟踪和保存你访问网站的信息来改善您的浏览体验，使你的会话个性化。）说明了缓存文件的目的，结合下文“but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable.”（但如果你觉得不舒服，有些应用程序可以屏蔽它们。）可知，B项“Deleting your browsing history may help”（删除浏览记录可能会有所帮助）衔接上文，说明了若想保护隐私，可以删除浏览记录，引出下文更直接的保护方法，即“有些应用程序可以屏蔽它们”，衔接恰当。故选B项。 20．下文“maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing—and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech to block them.”（也许只和陌生人分享你愿意分享的东西——如果你对缓存文件感到不舒服，你可能会决定使用一些技术手段来阻止它们。）说明了想要保护隐私的一种做法，即“只和陌生人分享你愿意分享的东西”，C项“So, if you want to maintain your privacy online”（所以，如果你想在网上保护你的隐私）引出下文保护隐私的做法，衔接恰当。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·福建福州·期末） Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. 16 . Choose a language This is a personal decision. 17 If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. Maybe you live in an area with many Spanish speakers and believe being bilingual (双语的) will increase your job opportunities. 18 This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. Accept mistakes Mistakes are a common part of the process when learning a language. You may choose the wrong word, change vowel sounds, or use the present tense form of a verb when talking about something that happened last week. When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. 19 . Set aside time to practice 20 . According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. You’ll spend around 900 class hours learning German, Haitian Creole, and Swahili. Sometimes you need to learn languages with fewer features in common with English. Then you’d better put in at least 1,100 class hours. A．Build your vocabulary B．Keep trying before setting a goal C．Focus on the 100 most commonly used words D．Try out these steps for how to learn a new language E．Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice F．Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices G．For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice 【答案】16．D 17．F 18．A 19．G 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍学习新语言的步骤，包括选语言、建词汇、接受错误和定期练习等。 16．根据上文“Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. (学习一门新语言不仅仅是一项技能。它给你一个了解其他文化的机会。)”以及下文小标题“Choose a language(选择一门语言)”等具体学习步骤可知，此空应引出学习新语言的步骤。D选项“Try out these steps for how to learn a new language(尝试以下学习新语言的步骤)”中的“these steps”指代下文的具体学习步骤，符合语境。故选D项。 17．根据上文“This is a personal decision. (这是个人决定。)”以及下文“If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. (如果你喜欢研究日本历史和文化，或许会想把日语列入学习清单。也许你正计划去巴西度假，于是决定在旅行前学习葡萄牙语。)”可知，此空应说明个人兴趣、需求和目标对选择语言的影响。F选项“Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices(你的兴趣、需求和目标能帮助你缩小选择范围)”中的“interests, needs, and goals”对应下文的喜欢研究日本历史文化、计划去巴西度假等内容，符合语境。故选F项。 18．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题。根据空后的“This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. (这一点很重要，因为你需要知道用哪些词汇来表达自己，并理解所听所见的内容。根据国际语言研究中心的说法，掌握一门语言4000到10000个单词通常能让你成为高级使用者。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与词汇量相关。A选项“Build your vocabulary(积累你的词汇量)”直接点明了本段的核心内容，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 19．根据空前的“When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. (当你犯错时，注意你得到的建议。)”可知，此空应举例说明得到的建议的具体内容。G选项“For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice(例如，和你交谈的人可能会纠正你的语法或词汇选择)”中的“For example”引出具体例子，“correct your grammar or vocabulary choice”是对“advice”的具体说明，符合语境。故选G项。 20．根据本段小标题“Set aside time to practice(留出时间练习)”以及下文“According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. (根据美国国务院外交学院的说法，以英语为母语的人通常需要600到750课时来学习荷兰语、法语、意大利语和西班牙语等语言。)”可知，此空应强调学习新语言需要时间和定期练习。E选项“Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice(学习一门新语言需要时间，并且需要定期练习)”中的“takes time and needs regular practice”对应下文不同语言学习所需的课时数，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·广东广州八区·期末） As I stepped off the plane in Yunnan, I was about to begin an unforgettable experience: the Water-Splashing Festival. On the morning of the festival, people were busy getting prepared. Their faces lit with expectation. I, a foreigner, really stood out in the street. A passing vendor (小贩) noticed my out-of-place expression and flashed me a wide smile. 16 Walking through the lively streets of Xishuangbanna with excitement, I saw a group of local children approaching me, their eyes shining with kindness. They handed me a traditional Dai hat and in that simple gesture, I felt a connection to this land and its people. 17 Such a moment highlights how the Water-Splashing Festival is more than just an event; it’s a celebration of warmth and openness. Soon, the most important event, the water splashing, began. People of all ages, armed with water guns and buckets, filled the streets. 18 The thought of getting completely wet in front of so many strangers made me nervous. But then, a group of local boys targeted me with their water guns. Before I knew it, I got wet through, and a burst of laughter escaped my lips. In that moment, all my hesitations faded away. 19 But for me, it was also a way to wash away the distance between myself and the people around me. As the sun began to set, the festival finally ended. But the memories created, the friendship formed, the cultural understanding gained would last a lifetime. 20 It caught me that by being brave enough to explore new cultures, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities. We enrich our lives in ways we could never have imagined, filling them laughter, warmth, and the magic of cultural connection. A．At first, I was a bit hesitant. B．That warmth and friendliness immediately put me at ease. C．The water-splashing had a long history for the Dai people. D．It made me understand that a kind act can break down cultural barriers. E．This led to my new understanding of communicating with different people. F．My time at Yunnan’s Water-Splashing Festival was a journey of discovery. G．In Dai culture, splashing water means getting rid of bad luck and welcoming the new. 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．A 19．G 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在云南参加泼水节的难忘经历，通过这次经历作者感受到了傣族文化的温暖与开放，也对跨文化交流有了新的认识。 16．根据上文“A passing vendor (小贩) noticed my out-of-place expression and flashed me a wide smile. (一个路过的小贩注意到我异样的表情，对我露出了灿烂的笑容)”可知，小贩的笑容让作者感到放松。B选项“That warmth and friendliness immediately put me at ease. (那种热情友好立刻让我放松了下来)”，承接上文，说明小贩的笑容和友好让作者感到放松。故选B项。 17．根据上文“They handed me a traditional Dai hat and in that simple gesture, I felt a connection to this land and its people. (他们递给我一顶传统的傣族帽子，通过这个简单的举动，我感受到了与这片土地及其人民的联系)”以及下文“Such a moment highlights how the Water-Splashing Festival is more than just an event; it’s a celebration of warmth and openness. (这样的时刻凸显了泼水节不仅仅是一个活动；它是对热情与开放的颂扬)”可知，作者在描述与当地孩子的互动时，感受到了温暖和开放，且这种互动打破了文化障碍。D选项“It made me understand that a kind act can break down cultural barriers. (这让我明白，一个善意的举动可以打破文化障碍)”，承接上文，说明孩子们的善意举动让作者感受到了与当地文化的连接，同时引出下文对泼水节意义的阐述。故选D项。 18．根据下文“The thought of getting completely wet in front of so many strangers made me nervous. (一想到要在这么多陌生人面前被淋成落汤鸡，我就紧张)”可知，作者一开始对泼水感到犹豫和紧张。A选项“At first, I was a bit hesitant. (一开始，我有点犹豫)”，引出下文的紧张情绪，逻辑一致。故选A项。 19．根据下文“But for me, it was also a way to wash away the distance between myself and the people around me. (但对我来说，这也是一种消除我和周围人之间距离的方式)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，说明泼水对傣族人来说有特殊的意义，同时对作者来说也有消除距离的作用。G选项“In Dai culture, splashing water means getting rid of bad luck and welcoming the new. (在傣族文化中，泼水意味着摆脱厄运，迎接新事物)”，解释了泼水在傣族文化中的意义，与下文形成转折，符合这种逻辑。故选G项。 20．根据下文“It caught me that by being brave enough to explore new cultures, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities. We enrich our lives in ways we could never have imagined, filling them laughter, warmth, and the magic of cultural connection. (我突然意识到，只要勇敢地去探索新文化，我们就能开启一个充满无限可能的世界。我们以一种难以想象的方式丰富了自己的生活，让生活充满欢笑、温暖，以及文化交融带来的奇妙体验)”可知，作者在总结自己的泼水节经历，说明探索新文化带来的丰富体验和人生感悟。F选项“My time at Yunnan’s Water-Splashing Festival was a journey of discovery. (我在云南泼水节的时光是一次探索之旅)”，概括了文章主旨，引出下文的感悟，说明了作者在泼水节的经历是一次文化探索之旅。故选F项。 6大常考话题五: 科学与技术（3篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·河北保定·期末）Accepting AI for small business growth is becoming necessary for success in today’s dynamic market. Here’s a beginner’s guide to AI in business, especially in small businesses. 11 The first step in choosing AI for your small business is to identify your specific needs and goals. Determine which issues you want to solve. AI works best when tailored to your business’s unique requirements. By pointing out your business’s pain points, you’ll gain a better understanding of how AI can assist and where to begin. Select the proper AI tools 12 the next step is choosing the right tools. With various AI platforms and software available, it’s important to select those tailored to your industry and needs. Choosing AI solutions that fit your business’s budget, size, and goals is important. Begin small and grow gradually Start by applying AI to a single area of your operations. 13 It can also allow you to refine (改进) your strategy based on observed results. As you become more comfortable with the tools and recognize their benefits, you can gradually apply AI to other areas of the business. Educate your team Providing training for your employees is important for making full use of AI technologies. Numerous online resources and courses focus on AI development, machine learning, and data analysis. 14 Emphasize data privacy and security If you are seeking AI powered business growth, paying attention to data security and privacy is significant. 15 By emphasizing data security, you’ll build trust with your customers and reduce risk of potential legal issues. A．Recognize the value of AI application. B．Identify your business needs and goals. C．After deciding to use AI to drive business growth, D．After identifying where AI can benefit your business, E．Small businesses must be able to handle customer data responsibly. F．This method lets you measure the results without letting your team feel unprepared. G．Equipping your team with this knowledge will enhance AI’s impact on your business. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．F 14．G 15．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小型企业应用人工智能促进业务增长的入门指南。 11．由下文“The first step in choosing AI for your small business is to identify your specific needs and goals. (为小型企业选择人工智能的第一步是确定你的具体需求和目标)”可知，本段主要讲述的是确定你的具体需求和目标，B选项“Identify your business needs and goals. (确定你的业务需求和目标)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为段落小标题。故选B。 12．由上段“By pointing out your business’s pain points, you’ll gain a better understanding of how AI can assist and where to begin. (通过指出您企业的痛点，您将更好地了解AI如何提供帮助以及从哪里开始)”、“Select the proper AI tools (选择合适的人工智能工具)”以及下文“the next step is choosing the right tools. With various AI platforms and software available, it’s important to select those tailored to your industry and needs. (下一步就是选择合适的工具。由于目前有各种各样的人工智能平台和软件可供选择，因此挑选那些适合你所在行业和需求的工具至关重要)”可知，本空应承接上文了解人工智能的好处，引出下一步是选择合适的人工智能，D选项“After identifying where AI can benefit your business, (在确定人工智能可以为您的业务带来哪些好处之后)”符合语境，承上启下，故选D。 13．由下文“It can also allow you to refine (改进) your strategy based on observed results. (它还可以让你根据观察到的结果来改进你的策略)”中also可知，本空也介绍应用人工智能的一个好处。F选项“This method lets you measure the results without letting your team feel unprepared. (这种方法可以让你在不让团队感到措手不及的情况下衡量结果)”符合语境，故选F。 14．由上文“Providing training for your employees is important for making full use of AI technologies. Numerous online resources and courses focus on AI development, machine learning, and data analysis. (为员工提供培训对于充分利用人工智能技术非常重要。许多在线资源和课程都专注于人工智能开发、机器学习和数据分析)”可知，上文介绍为员工提供培训，让他们了解人工智能开发、机器学习和数据分析，本空应介绍这些措施的影响，G选项“Equipping your team with this knowledge will enhance AI’s impact on your business. (让你的团队掌握这些知识将增强人工智能对你业务的影响)”符合语境，承接上文，故选G。 15．由上文“If you are seeking AI powered business growth, paying attention to data security and privacy is significant. (如果你正在寻求人工智能驱动的业务增长，关注数据安全和隐私是非常重要的)”以及下文“By emphasizing data security, you’ll build trust with your customers and reduce risk of potential legal issues. (通过强调数据安全，你将与客户建立信任，并降低潜在法律问题的风险)”可知，本空应说明小型企业在使用人工智能时对数据安全和隐私的具体要求，E选项“Small businesses must be able to handle customer data responsibly.(小型企业必须能够负责任地处理客户数据)”符合语境，承上启下，故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·云南昆明·期末）Using AI Wisely: A Guide for Students AI tools like Deepseek are becoming popular study helpers. They can analyze data quickly and provide immediate answers. 6 . And, using them correctly is key to real learning. Here’s how to make the most of it.  Understand its functions It makes homework easier but requires wise use. For example, it can check grammar mistakes in English essays, explain math problems step by step, and even translate sentences between Chinese and English. Additionally, it helps organize study schedules based on your needs. But remember AI is a tool. 7 . Ask clear questions The way you ask matters. 8 . For instance, instead of typing “Help me with history”, try “What were the three main causes of World War I according to Chapter 5 in our textbook?”. More specific questions help Deepseek give correct and detailed answers. This saves time and makes your study more efficient.  Protect personal information   Never share private details like your phone number or home address. 9 . Good AI tools like Deepseek don’t ask for such information, and their systems are designed to protect users’ privacy. If a website requests personal data, close it immediately.   10 Use AI to explore ideas and get suggestions, but always check answers with textbooks or teachers. True learning happens when you combine technology with your own critical thinking. This balance makes you both tech-smart and knowledge-strong. A．See AI as assistance to help you learn. B．Use specific questions to get better results. C．Your safety should always come first online. D．Learning what Deepseek can do is important. E．It is not a replacement for your own thinking. F．AI can solve all your study problems perfectly. G．Start by reading its 100-page instruction manual. 【答案】6．D 7．E 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何明智地使用人工智能工具（如Deepseek）作为学习助手。 6．根据上文“AI tools like Deepseek are becoming popular study helpers. They can analyze data quickly and provide immediate answers. (像Deepseek这样的人工智能工具正成为受欢迎的学习助手。它们可以快速分析数据并提供即时答案。)”可知，上文提到人工智能工具可以快速分析数据并提供即时答案，说明需要了解Deepseek这样的AI工具能做什么，选项D“了解Deepseek能做什么很重要。”符合语境。故选D。 7．根据上文“But remember AI is a tool. (但请记住，人工智能是一种工具。)”可知，上文提到人工智能是一种工具，说明人工智能不能代替人的思考，选项E“它不能代替你自己的思考。”符合语境。故选E。 8．根据上文“The way you ask matters. (你提问的方式很重要。)”和下文“For instance, instead of typing “Help me with history”, try “What were the three main causes of World War I according to Chapter 5 in our textbook?”. (例如，不要输入“帮我学习历史”，而是尝试“根据我们课本的第五章，第一次世界大战的三个主要原因是什么？”)”可知，上文提到提问的方式很重要，下文举例说明应该提出具体的问题，选项B“使用具体的问题来获得更好的结果。”符合语境。故选B。 9．根据上文“Never share private details like your phone number or home address. (永远不要分享你的电话号码或家庭住址等私人信息。)”可知，上文提到不要分享私人信息，说明要保护自己的安全，选项C“你的安全在网上永远是第一位的。”符合语境。故选C。 10．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Use AI to explore ideas and get suggestions, but always check answers with textbooks or teachers. True learning happens when you combine technology with your own critical thinking. (使用人工智能来探索想法并获得建议，但一定要用课本或老师来核对答案。当你将技术与自己的批判性思维相结合时，真正的学习就会发生。)”可知，下文提到要将技术与自己的批判性思维相结合，说明要将人工智能作为一种辅助工具来帮助自己学习，选项A“将人工智能视为帮助你学习的辅助工具。”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·浙江·期末）Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. 1 This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. There are two options available: public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment. 2 Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family. When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. 3 You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient. Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. 4 External hard drives can still break, or fail. Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. 5 A．You will find cloud storage very cheap. B．Cloud storage is very simple to use. C．It enables you to store your data on hosted servers. D．This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. E．Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security. F．The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files. G．You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．G 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了云存储的优势、使用方法、存储空间选择以及与传统存储方式的对比。 1．根据上文“Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. (云存储是一种灵活且方便的数据存储方式，可以让你完全放心。)”以及下文“This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. (这意味着你可以远程存储所有数字内容，而不会占用电脑空间。)”可知，此处应是在解释云存储的工作原理，即如何存储数据。C选项“It enables you to store your data on hosted servers. (它允许你将数据存储在托管服务器上。)”中的“it”指代上文的“Cloud storage”，且与下文的“store all your digital things remotely”相呼应。故选C项。 2．根据下文“Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. (一旦你注册并设置了账户，你只需使用用户名和密码通过互联网保存文件。这确保了你的数据保持安全，其他人无法访问。)”可知，本段主要介绍了云存储的使用方法，强调其简单易用。B选项“Cloud storage is very simple to use. (云存储使用起来非常简单。)”概括了本段的主题，即云存储的易用性。故选B项。 3．根据上文“When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. (当你注册云存储时，你可以选择你需要的空间大小。)”以及下文“You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. (你可以存储任何数字内容：所有文件、视频和图片。)”可知，此处应是在讨论云存储的空间选择及其灵活性。G选项“You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on. (你可以从少量开始，以后增加存储空间。)”，既承接了上文的“choose the amount of space you need”，又为下文的存储各种数字内容提供了空间上的灵活性。故选G项。 4．根据上文“Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. (它比你的电脑或外部驱动器更好吗？答案是肯定的。电脑总是会崩溃。)”可知，此处是在比较云存储与传统存储方式（如电脑和外部驱动器）的优劣，并指出电脑容易崩溃的问题。D选项“This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. (这是工作和记忆丢失的最常见原因。)”进一步阐述了电脑崩溃的后果，即导致工作和记忆丢失，与上文紧密相连。故选D项。 5．根据上文“There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. (云计算有很多优点，比如无论何时何地都能访问你的数据，不需要昂贵的外部存储设备。)”可知，本段主要讨论了云存储的诸多优势。F选项“The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files. (然而，唯一的缺点是你需要互联网才能访问文件。)”指出了云存储的一个潜在缺点，即需要互联网连接才能访问文件，与上文的优势形成对比，使文章更加全面和客观。故选F项。 6大常考话题六: 环境保护（3篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·四川成都·期末）As you read this passage, countless species are on the edge of extinction. We live in an era where global biodiversity (生物多样性) faces threats caused mainly by human actions. 36 . Here, we explore some practical approaches that you can apply to protect endangered wildlife. Buy products from sustainable sources 37 . Avoid buying products made from animal skins, bones, ivory, or other endangered animal products. Though it can seem like a personal choice that only affects you, you directly help with wildlife protection by actively buying from sustainable sources. Avoid plastic use and recycle properly Dealing with waste and recyclables properly plays a huge part in protecting the environment and animals. Recycling breaks the cycle of plastic pollution, ensuring that plastics don’t end up endangering wildlife. Besides, try to use alternatives (替代品) to plastic products, especially single use plastics. 38 . Support protection organizations Supporting protection organizations is a great way to protect endangered species. Donations provide funding for research, habitat protection, wildlife rescue, and species recovery programs. If you’re not in a position to provide money, there are other ways you can help. 39 . You can also look for volunteering opportunities at protection organizations. 40 The next time you take a trip, avoid booking a package holiday and instead think a bit more deeply about ways you can travel sustainably to help reduce the negative impact of tourism on ecosystems. Make sure you choose tour agencies that prioritize protection and animal well-being. A．Travel in a wildlife-friendly way B．Reduce negative impact on animals C．But there are many things we can do to help D．You can share posts from animal protection organizations E．For example, use reusable water bottles instead of plastic ones F．You can use your voice to bring attention to wildlife protection G．Choosing cruelty-free products contributes to wildlife protection 【答案】36．C 37．G 38．E 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生物多样性受威胁的现状，并给出了个人可采取的保护濒危野生动物的实用方法。 36．上文“We live in an era where global biodiversity (生物多样性) faces threats caused mainly by human actions.(我们生活在一个全球生物多样性面临主要由人类活动造成的威胁的时代)”说明生物多样性面临危机。空处后一句“Here, we explore some practical approaches that you can apply to protect endangered wildlife.(在这里，我们探讨一些你可以应用于保护濒危野生动物的实用方法)”表明接下来会介绍保护方法，空处应起到承上启下的作用，说明人们可以采取行动。C 项“But there are many things we can do to help(但我们可以做很多事情来提供帮助)”符合语境，既承接前文的危机现状，又引出后文的保护方法。故选C。 37．上文“Buy products from sustainable sources(从可持续来源购买产品)”提出了购买可持续产品的建议。空处应进一步说明这一建议与保护野生动物的关系。G项“Choosing cruelty-free products contributes to wildlife protection(选择无残忍的产品有助于野生动物保护)”中“cruelty-free products”与“sustainable sources”呼应，解释了购买可持续产品对保护野生动物的作用，与前文为顺接关系。故选G。 38．上文“Besides, try to use alternatives (替代品) to plastic products, especially single use plastics.(此外，尝试使用塑料产品的替代品，特别是一次性塑料)”建议使用塑料替代品。空处应举例说明具体的替代品。E项“For example, use reusable water bottles instead of plastic ones(例如，使用可重复使用的水瓶而不是塑料瓶)”是对“use alternatives to plastic products”的具体举例，与前文为顺接关系，符合语境。故选E。 39．上文“If you’re not in a position to provide money, there are other ways you can help.(如果你没有能力提供资金，还有其他方法可以帮助)”说明除了捐款，还有其他帮助方式。空处应具体说明其他方式。D项“You can share posts from animal protection organizations(你可以分享动物保护组织的帖子)”是对“other ways”的具体举例，与前文为顺接关系，符合语境。故选D。 40．下文“The next time you take a trip, avoid booking a package holiday and instead think a bit more deeply about ways you can travel sustainably to help reduce the negative impact of tourism on ecosystems.(下次你旅行时，避免预订包办旅行，而是更深入地思考如何可持续地旅行，以帮助减少旅游业对生态系统的负面影响)”主要围绕可持续旅行、减少旅游对生态的负面影响展开，强调旅行方式与保护野生动物的关系。A项“Travel in a wildlife-friendly way(以对野生动物友好的方式旅行)”作为本段主题句，概括了段落核心内容，符合语境。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·湖南师大附中·期末） Grocery shopping is something everyone has to do. Whether you go to the supermarket or buy online, there are ways to shop smarter and greener. 16 Plan your shopping 17 This will allow you to plan healthy meals for the week. But don’t forget to check your fridge to make sure you don’t buy food that you already have. Having a list also cuts down on impulse (冲动的) buys that you don’t really need. Buy bulk foods (散装食品) Many foods are wrapped in plastic or have too much packaging. In fact, 23 per cent of all waste in rubbish tips in the US comes from food packaging according to a report. You can help reduce all this packaging waste by buying bulk foods whenever possible. 18 Buy seasonal and local produce Buying locally grown fruits and vegetables when the produce is in season cuts down on the environmental cost of transportation. In addition, the local produce you buy is fresher and not artificially ripened (人工催熟的) so it is more nutritional. 19 Save your produce bags While many people use reusable cloth grocery bags, another tip is to save the plastic bags that you put produce in. 20 From packing a lunch to picking up dog waste, reusing plastic bags is the way to go. A．These bags can be reused in lots of ways. B．And you are supporting your local farmers. C．It’s easy to make better choices at the supermarket. D．Part of shopping smarter is to buy what you can use. E．Bring your own plastic bags or containers if allowed. F．Here are some tips on how to be a better grocery shopper. G．Make a list and meal plan before you go to the supermarket. 【答案】16．F 17．G 18．E 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章给出了几条成为更聪明和更环保的购物者的建议。 16．根据上句中“Whether you go to the supermarket or buy online, there are ways to shop smarter and greener.(无论你是去超市购物还是选择网上购买，都有办法让你的购物行为更明智、更环保)”和下文四个小标题可知，空处引出下文关于购物的几条建议。F项“这里有一些如何成为一个更好的购物者的建议”中的some tips指下文四条建议，且better呼应上文中的smarter and greener。故选F。 17．根据小标题可知，本部分建议与购物前提前做计划有关；结合下句“This will allow you to plan healthy meals for the week.(这将使您能够为一周制定健康的饮食计划)”可知，设空处应指出This指代什么且与计划饮食有关。G项“去超市之前列一份清单和膳食计划”中的list与下文中的list是原词复现关系，且meal plan 呼应小标题和下文中的 plan healthy meals。故选G。 18．根据小标题“Buy bulk foods (散装食品)(购买散装食品)”和本段内容“Many foods are wrapped in plastic or have too much packaging. In fact, 23 per cent of all waste in rubbish tips in the US comes from food packaging according to a report. You can help reduce all this packaging waste by buying bulk foods whenever possible.(许多食品都用塑料包裹着，或者包装过度。据一份报告称，在美国的垃圾倾倒场中，23%的垃圾是由食品包装造成的。为了减少这种包装垃圾，您可以尽可能购买散装食品)”可知，本部分建议与购买散装食品有关。故E项“如果允许的话，自己携带塑料袋或容器”承接上文，给出购买散装食品时的建议。本部分中的rubbish tips意为“垃圾场”。故选E。 19．根据小标题“Buy seasonal and local produce(购买应季和本地的农产品)”和本段“Buying locally grown fruits and vegetables when the produce is in season cuts down on the environmental cost of transportation. In addition, the local produce you buy is fresher and not artificially ripened (人工催熟的) so it is more nutritional.(在当季购买本地种植的水果和蔬菜，可以减少运输过程中的环境负担。此外，你所购买的本地农产品更为新鲜，而且没有经过人工催熟处理，因此营养价值更高)”可知，本部分建议与购买时令和当地农产品有关。B项“而且你也是在支持当地的农民”承接上文，指出购买当地农产品的另一个好处，其中的local farmers呼应小标题和上文中的local produce。故选B。 20．根据小标题“Save your produce bags(保存好你的包装袋)”以及上文“While many people use reusable cloth grocery bags, another tip is to save the plastic bags that you put produce in.(虽然很多人会使用可重复使用的布质购物袋，但还有一个小建议是：把装水果蔬菜用过的塑料袋留存起来)”可知，本部分建议与保存产品的袋子有关。A项“这些袋子可以以多种方式重复使用”承接上文，These bags 指代上文中的“the plastic bags that you put produce in”，且“be reused in lots of ways”呼应下文中的“From packing a lunch to picking up dog waste”。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末） Film has seen great progress over the years. While actors and directors often receive most of the praise, the heroes behind the screen are the musicians who make a film unforgettable. 36 This is the kind of music we call a film score (配乐). It has developed through several stages. In the silent film era, music was used to fill the silence. 37 They had to respond in real time to the changing scenes, adjusting their music to match the mood. This was the early form of film scoring. The shift from live performance to written scores began in the early 1900s. French composer (作家) Camille Saint-Saens was the first to write original music specially for film. This marked a new stage of film scoring. 38 They worked closely with directors. As sound technology advanced, film scoring became an important part of the film-making process. 39 By the mid-20th century, they grew to include rock, pop, hip-hop, and electronic music. Films like Saturday Night Fever used popular music to define both character and culture. In science fiction films, electronic sounds were used to create a sense of the unknown. Today, film musicians continue to shape the way we experience films. Masters like Hans Zimmer have moved us deeply with the beautiful score in Interstellar. Combining traditional instruments with digital production in innovative ways, he has brought us new sounds. 40 A．The film industry gained big success. B．From then on, more composers joined in. C．Musicians would play live music in theaters. D．As a new kind of music, it faced many challenges. E．His music takes us on a whole new journey of the senses. F．Through the years, film scores took on various musical styles. G．Their music deepens emotion and connects the audience to the story. 【答案】36．G 37．C 38．B 39．F 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了电影配乐的发展历程。电影配乐从无声电影时代现场演奏以填补寂静，到作曲家创作原创配乐，再到涵盖多种音乐风格，直至如今不断创新，始终在电影中发挥着重要作用。 【详解】36．上文“While actors and directors often receive most of the praise, the heroes behind the screen are the musicians who make a film unforgettable.(虽然演员和导演通常获得最多赞誉，但银幕背后的英雄是那些让电影令人难忘的音乐家)”强调了音乐家对电影的重要作用，下文“This is the kind of music we call a film score (配乐).(这就是我们所说的电影配乐)”说明这种音乐即配乐，空处应衔接音乐家的音乐与配乐的作用，G选项“他们的音乐加深情感，并将观众与故事联系起来”进一步说明了音乐家所创作的音乐在电影中的具体作用，与上文紧密相连，符合语境，故选G。 37．上文“In the silent film era, music was used to fill the silence.(在无声电影时代，音乐被用来填补寂静)”介绍无声电影时代音乐的作用，下文“They had to respond in real time to the changing scenes, adjusting their music to match the mood.(他们必须实时响应不断变化的场景，调整音乐以匹配情绪)”中的“They”指代空处的主体，C选项“音乐家会在剧院现场演奏音乐”中的“Musicians”与下文“They”呼应，且“play live music”符合无声电影时代音乐的呈现方式，衔接恰当。故选C。 38．上文“French composer (作家) Camille Saint-Saens was the first to write original music specially for film. This marked a new stage of film scoring.(法国作曲家卡米尔·圣 - 桑是第一个专门为电影创作原创音乐的人。这标志着电影配乐进入了一个新阶段)”说明首个为电影创作配乐的作曲家出现，开启新阶段，空处承接上文，B选项“从那以后，更多的作曲家加入进来”体现后续发展，符合语境。故选B。 39．下文“By the mid-20th century, they grew to include rock, pop, hip-hop, and electronic music.(到 20 世纪中期，它们逐渐包括摇滚、流行、嘻哈和电子音乐)”介绍了电影配乐包含的多种音乐风格，空处需概括配乐风格的多样化趋势，F选项“多年来，电影配乐呈现出各种音乐风格”总领下文，“various musical styles”与下文列举的具体风格呼应，符合逻辑。故选F。 40．上文“Masters like Hans Zimmer have moved us deeply with the beautiful score in Interstellar. Combining traditional instruments with digital production in innovative ways, he has brought us new sounds.(像汉斯·季默这样的大师用《星际穿越》中优美的配乐深深打动了我们。他以创新的方式将传统乐器与数字制作相结合，为我们带来了新的声音)”介绍汉斯·季默的配乐成就，空处需总结其影响，E选项“他的音乐带我们踏上一段全新的感官之旅”承接上文，“His music”指代汉斯·季默的音乐，进一步说明其音乐的影响，与上文话题紧密相关，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 1 Bad News for the Highly Intelligent There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful in the classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less likely to experience negative life events. 1 In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a high IQ society. The study covered mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report whether they had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders. To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE. 2 This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent. 3 The results of this study must be interpreted (诠释) cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder. 4 All the same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the link between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. 5 In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors.  From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to insights about how to improve people’s psychological and physical well-being. A．Now there’s some bad news for those smart people. B．There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case. C．It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse. D．Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages. E．That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious. F．It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ. G．They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and anxiety disorders. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．B 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了高智商也会经历负面事件，甚至更容易有精神障碍。 1．根据上文“There are advantages to being smart.(聪明是有好处的)”与下文“The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders.(研究人员对比了那些报告失调的人与全国平均水平的比例，发现门萨的高智商成员更有可能患有一系列严重的失调)”形成正反对比，上文讲述积极意义对高智商者有利，而下文的消极影响对于高智商者则是坏消息。所以A 选项Now there’s some bad news for those smart people.(现在有些坏消息要告诉那些聪明人)符合上下语境。故选A。 2．根据下文“This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person.(这可能包括任何事情，从惊人的声音到与他人发生冲突)”可知，本句应与an astonishing sound和conflict with another person有关。据此，C选项It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.(这是对环境威胁或虐待的异常强烈的反应)分别与an astonishing sound、conflict with another person相一致。故选C。 3．根据上文“A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent.(一个高智商的人可能会过度分析老板不赞成的评论，想象出一些不那么聪明的人不会想到的负面结果)”和“This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person.(这可能包括任何事情，从惊人的声音到与他人发生冲突)”可知，太多的负面结果会使人焦虑，且高智商人可能会与老板发生矛盾，因此更容易焦虑。E选项That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious.(这可能会引起身体的应激反应，从而使人更加焦虑)与文意相符。故选E。 4．根据上文“Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder.(研究表明，智商高的人比普通人更容易患精神障碍，这并不能证明高智商是导致精神障碍的原因)”可知，高智商人更容易患精神障碍的原因可能不是高智商，而是其他原因。F选项It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ.(也有可能加入门萨的人除了智商之外还有其他不同之处)符合文意。故选F。 5．根据上文“One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy , which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics.(一种可能性是，智力和健康结果之间的关联反映了多效性，当一个基因影响看似不相关的基因时就会发生这种多效性特征)”和下文“In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors.(在罗莎琳德·阿登和她的同事们在2015年的一项研究中得出结论，智商与长寿之间的关联是不确定的主要是遗传因素造成的)”可知，上文讲的是一种结论，而后文则是一项实际研究的结果。B选项There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.(已经有一些证据表明这是事实)符合上下语境。故选B。 Passage 2 How to Have Better, Deeper Conversations In today’s fast-paced world, distractions are everywhere, especially from our phones. When catching up with friends, it can be frustrating when their attention shifts away. 6 It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways to enhance your listening ability. Avoid distractions. To be an effective listener, start by putting away your phone and other distractions. Research shows that multitasking distracts our attention and hampers the quality of our conversations. As musician Hishikesh Hirway says, “Trying to listen to one song while singing another in your head is impossible.” 7 Reflect on what you hear. Active listening is more than just being silent. 8 Phrases like “What I hear you saying is” can confirm your understanding. Also, resist the urge to share your own stories immediately; keep the conversation centered on them. 9 Nonverbal communication plays a vital role in conversations. Maintaining eye contact, having an open posture, and nodding can show that you’re engaged. These small gestures help the other person feel valued and encourage them to continue sharing. Improving your listening skills takes practice. 10 As Hirway advises, “Let the other person know you’re listening and stay focused.” A．Use nonverbal cues. B．Look up to show interest. C．So to build stronger relationships, active listening is essential. D．But with a bit more effort, you can foster deeper conversations. E．Engage by asking questions or summarizing what the other person says F．Therefore, during conversations, focus fully on the person in front of you. G．Taking notes while listening can help you remember the conversation better. 【答案】6．C 7．F 8．E 9．A 10．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要讲述了如何通过提升自己的聆听能力，促进更深层次交流。 6．根据上文“In today’s fast-paced world, distractions are everywhere, especially from our phones. When catching up with fiends, it can be frustrating when their attention shifts away.(在当今快节奏的世界里，干扰无处不在，尤其是来自手机的干扰。当你和朋友聊天时，他们的注意力会转移，这会让你感到沮丧)”以及下文“It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways to enhance your listening ability.(这是一种可以培养的技能。这里有三个提高听力能力的关键方法)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出倾听对于建立关系的重要性。故C选项“因此，为了建立更牢固的关系，积极倾听是必不可少的”符合语境。故选C。 7．根据上文“As musician Hishikesh Hirway says, “Trying to listen to one song while singing another in your head is impossible.”(正如音乐家Hishikesh Hirway所说：“试图在你的脑海里一边听一首歌一边唱另一首歌是不可能的。”)”可知，上文提到音乐家所言，想要听着一首歌再唱出另一首歌这是不可能的。说明了在谈话中我们要全心全意关注和你讲话的这个人，不受其他干扰，故F选项“因此，在谈话中，把注意力完全集中在你面前的人身上”符合语境。故选F。 8．根据上文“Active listening is more than just being silent(积极倾听不仅仅是保持沉默)”可知，上文提到了积极倾听不仅仅是保持沉默，本句继续补充积极倾听的要求。故E选项“通过提问或总结对方所说的内容来参与”符合语境。故选E。 9．根据本段内容“Nonverbal communication plays a vital role in conversations. Maintaining eye contact, having an open posture, and nodding can show that you’re engaged. These small gestures help the other person feel valued and encourage them to continue sharing.(非语言交际在谈话中起着至关重要的作用。保持眼神交流，保持开放的姿势，点头都能表明你在认真倾听。这些小小的举动可以帮助对方感到被重视，并鼓励他们继续分享)”可知，本段主要说明了肢体语言在谈话中的作用，A选项nonverbal cues对应后文Nonverbal communication。故A选项“使用非语言暗示”符合语境。故选A。 10．根据上文“Improving your listening skills takes practice.(提高倾听技能需要练习)”以及下文“As Hirway advises, “Let the other person know you’re listening and stay focused.”(正如Hirway建议的那样，“让对方知道你在倾听，并保持专注。”)”可知，上文提到了提高倾听技能，结合文章主旨是深层次倾听，推测本句主要说明了如何促进更深层次的交流。故D选项“但只要再努力一点，你就能促进更深层次的对话”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 I used to wake up and check my phone. Before my feet hit the floor, I was already deep in the day’s chaos: headlines, comments, breaking news alerts. Doomscrolling (刷屏成瘾) had become my morning routine. 11 I started each day tense and anxious. So I gave myself a quiet dare: no phone in the morning, for five straight weekdays. Naturally, breaking the habit wasn’t easy. The first morning, I reached for my phone automatically. I stopped myself and picked up a book instead. It felt odd, like trying to enjoy coffee without caffeine. But after a few pages, I found myself actually relaxed — not the emptiness of a scroll, but something steadier. 12 That had never happened before. Encouraged by the quiet start, I explored other ways. The next day I tried a cold shower. I wanted something that would force me fully awake. The shock factor was incredibly effective. 13 On Wednesday, I went for a run. I hated every step at first. But I came back awake, warm and proud. That feeling powered me through the day. 14 On Thursday, I journaled. No audience, just thoughts on paper. It felt honest, if not particularly exciting. On Friday, I reread an old letter and let the memories surface. It was quiet, uneventful and grounding. By the end of the week, the urge to check my phone had weakened. 15 Those phone-free mornings proved a quieter start was possible: no noise or half-truths. It’s not about perfection, but freedom from the scroll and the misinformation it feeds into our minds. A．But lately, I noticed the disadvantage it carried. B．This left my mind surprisingly clear afterward. C．Some mornings were more reflective than active. D．It made me realize my dependence on my phone. E．I even finished a chapter before checking the time. F．That meant I stopped grabbing my phone on waking. G．It revealed the link between my phone use and daily anxiety. 【答案】11．A 12．E 13．B 14．C 15．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过一周不使用手机晨起的实验，发现摆脱手机依赖后生活更平静、清醒，并意识到手机对生活的影响。 【详解】11．由上文“Doomscrolling (刷屏成瘾) had become my morning routine.(刷屏成瘾已经成为我早上的日常习惯)”及下文“I started each day tense and anxious.(我每天开始时都紧张焦虑)”可知，上文说明了刷屏成瘾已成为日常，下文引出这种习惯带来的负面影响，本空应说明作者注意到了这种习惯的缺点。A选项“But lately, I noticed the disadvantage it carried.(但最近，我注意到了它带来的缺点)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 12．由上文“I stopped myself and picked up a book instead. It felt odd, like trying to enjoy coffee without caffeine. But after a few pages, I found myself actually relaxed — not the emptiness of a scroll, but something steadier.(我克制住自己，转而拿起一本书。这种感觉很奇怪，就像喝不含咖啡因的咖啡却想享受醇香一样别扭。但翻了几页后，我发觉自己真的放松了 —— 不再是漫无目的刷屏带来的空虚，而是一种安稳沉静的心境)”及下文“That had never happened before.(这以前从未发生过)”可知，上文描述看书带来的放松感受，下文强调这种情况的特殊性，本空应具体说明看书时的积极体验。E选项“I even finished a chapter before checking the time.(我甚至在看时间之前读完了一章)”体现了看书时的投入状态，能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 13．由上文“The next day I tried a cold shower. I wanted something that would force me fully awake. The shock factor was incredibly effective.(第二天，我冲了个冷水澡。我想借助某种方式让自己彻底清醒。这种强烈的刺激感效果出奇地好)”可知，上文描述冷水澡的效果，本空应说明冷水澡带来的具体结果。B选项“This left my mind surprisingly clear afterward.(这之后让我的头脑出奇地清醒)”中“this”指代“cold shower”能承接上文，符合语境。故选B。 14．由下文“On$ 考前押题04 七选五6大常考话题（期末复习专项训练） 目录 话题 篇目 真题实战 6大常考话题 话题一：健康的生活方式与积极的人生态度 5 话题二：认识自我改善自我 4 话题三：社会服务与人际沟通 4 话题四：历史、社会与文化 4 话题五：科学与技术 3 话题六：自然生态与环境保护 3 考题猜想 Passage1-6 6 6大常考话题一: 健康的生活方式与积极的人生态度（5篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下山东济南·期末）Chinese government introduced a national plan called “Weight Management Campaign”. It is to help people manage their weight and live healthier lives. 36 Why is obesity (肥胖) a problem? 37 It can also cause serious health problems. Studies show that by 2030, 70.5% of adults and 31.8% of children could be overweight. If people do not act now, they may face serious health problems at younger age. What is a healthy weight? Doctors use BMI (体重指数) to check if someone’s weight is healthy. For Chinese teenagers, a BMI between 15 and 22 is healthy. However, a BMI of 23 means overweight, and over 26 means obesity. 38 Keeping healthy habits is the most important thing. 39 It is wise to choose brown rice, fresh vegetables and fruit, fish and chicken for meat most of the time. Second, exercise also plays an important role. Experts suggest at least 150 minutes of moderate (中等的) exercise per week, like running, cycling or swimming. How can society help? It is necessary to get social and medical support. Some schools hold sports meetings and set up more sports clubs. Some cities have weight control programs in hospitals. 40 Remember, small changes make a big difference. Let’s work together to build a healthier and happier China! A．These programs give advice on food choice, exercise, and weigh loss. B．It is necessary to drink more water. C．First, people should eat properly. D．What should we do to keep healthy? E．Here are the things we should know about the plan. F．People should have enough sleep firstly. G．Being overweight is not just about good looking. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末）Do you sometimes get caught up in overthinking and don’t know what to do about it? If so, you might benefit from trying one of these three methods to help manage overthinking, and allow your mind to rest: ●Schedule a “thinking time” 16 This time could be spent going through any worries, considering any problem-solving, or just thinking about what you need. And if something crops up outside this time, you can try to set it aside until your “thinking time”, so that it doesn’t affect your mood. ● 17 The more you actively tell yourself not to think about something, the more impossible it becomes to consider anything else. Instead, redirect your attention elsewhere. If you’re watching TV and your mind wanders into worries, grab a book, call a friend, or ask someone to play a board game. 18 However, shaking up what you’re interacting with can help the overthinking from sticking. ●Physically let things go. 19 First, write a list of all the things bothering you, divided into what you can control, and what you can’t. Tear the list of uncontrollable things up, or put it in the bin! Seeing what you can’t control clearly can help loosen the hold these worries have on you, and leave you with a list you can actively work on. Second, if you’re not even sure how to write that list, simply write down everything that’s concerning you. 20 Again, you could destroy the page when you’re done as a means of symbolically letting go. A．Change course. B．See the “bigger picture”. C．It doesn’t really matter what you do. D．There are two ways journaling can help with this. E．Write down five things that have gone right over the past week and your role in them. F．When it’s in writing, it’s easier to see what’s worth your worrying, and what isn’t. G．Setting aside time for space with your thoughts can help stop your worries from affecting the rest of your day. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东肇庆·期末）There are lots of exciting ways to sort out your book shelves and organize your book collection. With organized bookshelves, you’ll be able to spot what you’re most excited to read next. You may wonder how you can refresh your shelves and enjoy your books. 11 12 If you don’t have a room for a personal library, make the most of the space you have available. Whether it’s in a special reading corner or on a bookshelf, it’s a good idea to keep all of your books together in one place. It’s always inspiring to be surrounded by a colourful mix of old favorites and new titles in a cosy bookish corner. Sort out your books. Different books are organized in different ways. Picture books are usually ordered alphabetically. Fiction, poetry and graphic novels are placed by the author’s surname. 13 Gather your books together and start sorting. In this way, you can easily pick out those you are eager to read. Display special books. Showcase stories by putting a favourite book face-out on a shelf (with the cover pointing outwards instead of the spine). 14 This simple act not only makes the book stand out but also invites others to take a closer look at it. It can become a conversation start er among book lovers visiting your space. Sort and swap. Make space for new books by organizing a book swap with friends or donate some to a charity shop. Sometimes, it may be hard to decide which ones are ready to go to a new home. However, swapping is a great way to make way for new favourites and pass on favourites to other readers too. 15 A．Create a dedicated place. B．Set up a personal library. C．Below are some top tips from experts. D．So, start going through your collection today. E．And non-fiction books are grouped in themes. F．It’s a simple way to highlight a book on your shelf. G．But be careful not to damage the book while doing this. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·湖南雅礼中学·期末）Have you ever complained that there just aren’t enough hours in a day? Do you usually find yourself falling short on time in completing assigned tasks? 16 No matter how hard I tried, tasks just kept piling up towards the end every day and it became extremely difficult to stay productive. In spite of trying all kinds of free and paid to-do apps, nothing helped. That didn’t change until I discovered the time management technique called Time Blocking. Since then, I have been able to transform my daily schedule for the better with the help of Time Blocking. 17 It is a simple time management technique where you schedule your day such that it is divided into time blocks that are dedicated to specific tasks or groups of tasks. 18 Imagine that you have a dozen or so tasks that you want to finish working on tomorrow. You open your to-do app of choice and neatly list down everything that you plan to do, and then plot some important meetings and reminders in your calendar app. 19 The more specific you are about the task, the more focused and productive you will be and thus, more productive. 20 It not only makes your to-do list more manageable, but also it gives you more control over your day and helps you prioritize your tasks. It also improves your focus and helps get rid of procrastination(拖延症), as it allows you to focus on one project at a time. A．So what is it exactly? B．Is everyone interested in it? C．I used to be in the same boat. D．The benefits of Time Blocking are substantial. E．Let’s further explain the concept in another way. F．You’ll encounter countless questions like these in your life. G．You’ll need to be very specific about the time and what you’re planning to do. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·山东烟台·期末）In running, training your body is of great importance. Your lungs, legs and heart do most of the work. 36 Research has shown the incredible influence of mental conditions on performance. Here are some mental techniques to improve your running. Some runs may be a period of hard work, and the more you try to run through it, the worse you feel. 37 This allows you to feel better the next day. When you let your brain rest, it sets your body up to feel safe. The brain says, “I can listen to my body, and I can take care of my body.” This trust relaxes you, making runs more enjoyable. Positive self-talk improves performance of runners in hot conditions. It indeed contributes to better results. Interventions (干预) including self-talk training are more effective, which redirect your mind from discomfort, tiredness or other ideas that might get in your way. For example, you think to yourself “I can do this” — you’re actively not thinking or engaging in negative thoughts. 38 If you need to make a run more fun, challenge yourself to a speed play. For example, run slow for 30 seconds, then medium for 10 seconds, then fast for 20 seconds. 39 Try running slowly to one tree, then going at a reasonable pace to a mailbox. 40 When you train your mind, you can make runs that feel great happen more often. When you get home from a successful run, make a note — literally pen to paper or on your phone — of the reasons why it felt good. It will be a reminder of why you started running in the first place. A．You can also use objects as markers. B．Give yourself the option to try again. C．Training your mind is just as essential, though. D．Preparations before running are really necessary. E．You’re advised to increase your training intensity. F．Performing a mental review is strongly recommended. G．It shuts them off by focusing on something else and quiets anxieties. 6大常考话题二：认识自我改善自我（4篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·重庆第一中学·期末）In today’s fast-paced world, many people push themselves beyond their personal limits. 16 Recognizing and respecting your limits is not a sign of weakness—it’s a form of self-awareness that helps you live a healthier and more productive life. Ignoring your limits can have serious consequences. For instance if you consistently work late hours despite feeling tired, you might eventually burn out. 17 However, you could say to your boss, “I can finish this task by tomorrow morning after I’ve had some rest.” Understanding your limits also means knowing when to ask for help. 18 Trying to do everything alone often leads to frustration and mistakes. It’s okay to admit that you don’t have all the answers. It’s important to listen to your body’s signals. Pay attention to your body and emotions. Are you constantly tired? Do you feel depressed or overwhelmed? 19 Once you recognize these signs, take a step back and adjust your schedule or responsibilities. 20 By setting realistic goals and learning to say no when necessary, you create space for recovery and personal growth. Remember, life is not a race—it’s about finding a sustainable pace that works for you. A．These are signals that you might be pushing yourself too hard. B．You might think that working harder always leads to success. C．Assigning tasks or seeking support is a smart strategy. D．You should never compare yourself with others. E．Pushing beyond your limits can sometimes bring short-term gains. F．Learning to respect your limits is a lifelong skill. G．This behaviour often leads to stress, exhaustion, and even health problems. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·四川绵阳·期末） How to Stop Replaying the Awkward Moment in Your Mind Awkward moments are a common part of life. You might do something embarrassing and suddenly your face turns red and you panic. You feel like you need to fix what’s gone wrong. These short moments often stay in your mind long after they’ve passed, creating unnecessary stress. 16 Keep in mind that notices or cares about your mistakes as much as you do. Research shows people often overemphasize others’ attention. This is a psychological phenomenon called “the spotlight effect.” 17 So don’t be too hard on yourself. Try focusing on other details if your brain can’t stop replaying an awkward moment. 18 For example, what did the room look like? Or what else happened that weekend? 19 What makes us uncomfortable mainly comes from the unspoken rules of social manners. For example, is it really so bad if you answered someone’s polite “How are you?” with “Terrible. You?” 20 Experiencing such embarrassing moments helps you learn so much about the world. Don’t let the fear of embarrassment stop you from doing something important, especially on health and safety. Give yourself a pat on the back for overcoming your awkward moment. And remember: everybody feels awkward sometimes. So, it’s reasonable to admit the awkwardness lightly or use humor. By following these steps, you can gain confidence in handling embarrassing situations. A．Feeling awkward is part of growing up. B．Replaying your awkward moments is helpful. C．It may lessen the emotion tied to that memory. D．Challenge the source of your social discomfort. E．Thankfully, there are things you can do to manage. F．Bear the awkward moments to improve self- control. G．No one remembers you once called your teacher “Mommy”. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·山东青岛·期末）We all have strengths and weaknesses — that’s completely normal. In fact, recognizing both helps us understand ourselves better. Understanding our strengths can help boost our self-confidence. 16 . In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal Strengths”. List all the characteristics you are proud of. Are you patient? Hardworking? Honest? It’s important to acknowledge and appreciate your own strengths. On a separate sheet of paper, write down the heading “Good Deeds”. Think about all the kind things you have done for others. It could be helping a classmate with their studies, offering your seat to someone on the bus, or simply smiling at a stranger. 17 . You can also ask a friend or family member to help you with this exercise. 18 . Views from others can sometimes reveal your admirable actions. Furthermore, consider discussing any areas where you feel you could improve, as constructive feedback can be invaluable in personal development. Of course, we all have times when we feel weak and make mistakes. 19 . Try to see them as chances to grow and improve. Accept your mistakes, learn from them, and then keep moving forward. Appreciate each experience, both good and bad, as they shape you into a wiser and more resilient (坚韧的) individual. 20 . It requires time, patience, and a willingness to learn and adapt. In this journey, we can unlock our true potential and grow with a positive mindset and a clearer understanding of who we are. A．To do this, you can try a simple writing exercise. B．This process will stop you from achieving more. C．Sometimes, being kind might become your weaknesses. D．They might help you understand your personality better. E．But keep in mind that they are a natural part of learning. F．Note down even the smallest acts of kindness as they truly matter. G．Remember, understanding ourselves better is an ongoing process. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·河南郑州·期末）Although smartphones bring great convenience to our lives, how and where we store them can have unexpected results. Considering your health and damage to the phone, you’d better think twice before putting your phone in certain places. Many people are used to keeping their phones in their pockets all day. 16 Studies have shown that when a phone is connected to WiFi and placed close to the body, such as in a pocket, radiation exposure (辐射暴露) increases greatly. This may cause health problems like cancer development. 17 Even though it’s convenient, your pillow is not a safe place for your phone. The LED light from the screen may affect your natural sleep cycle, and the phone may overheat, leading to a fire risk. Sleeping so close to radiation is also something to think about. Some people leave their phones in their cars. The temperatures in the car can be extremely high in summer and cold in winter. 18 For example, it may damage battery life, make the screen work badly, or even cause data loss. Keeping your phone too close to your face is also something to avoid. Using headphones or earphones is a safer way to stay connected. The bacteria (细菌) on your screen can transfer to your skin, leading to skin problems. 19 The beach may be fun for you, but not for your phone. Strong sunlight can easily cause your phone to overheat. 20 They both can seriously damage your phone. A．Many people use their phone s before sleep. B．In addition, small sand may get into the phone. C．Putting your phone near water is not a good idea. D．Long-term contact may also cause early skin aging. E．This might seem harmless, but it may affect your health. F．Extreme temperatures can have a bad effect on your phone. G．Another common habit is sleeping with a phone under the pillow. 6大常考话题三: 社会服务与人际沟通（4篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下广东广州·期末）Humor is a common human quality that brings joy to our daily lives. 11 It helps us connect with others more easily, reduces stress in challenging times, and even improves our overall health. Doctors have found that people who laugh regularly tend to have stronger immune systems. A number of factors influence someone’s sense of humor. 12 Baby, for example, tend to laugh at simple games like peek-a-boo, while teenagers may delight in irony. As people grow older, what they find funny develops. Cultural differences also play a big role. A joke that’s extremely funny in one country might be rude in another. 13 Not everyone has a sense of humor. Those with autism (自闭症), for example, may take jokes literally and not understand why others are laughing. 14 Teachers sometimes notice that students who don’t understand classroom jokes may feel lonely or left out. This can create social difficulties since humor is such an important part of how people communicate and make friends. The good news is that humor skills can improve with practice. Many experts suggest that while some people are naturally funnier, everyone can develop their sense of humor. 15 Parents and teachers can help children by encouraging funny storytelling or joke-telling activities. For adults, joining a comedy club or simply watching more funny movies can help deepen their understanding of humor. A．Age is a big issue. B．The most important thing is to be respectful. C．People with a sense of humor feel less stressed. D．In such situation, they may feel uncomfortable. E．For young children, playing fun games is a good start. F．Research shows humor is connected to problem-solving skills. G．A well-developed sense of humor offers many benefits in life. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·河南开封·期末）One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 16 There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. 17 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. Don’t use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 18 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. 19 If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 20       Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. A．Be patient. B．Get the audience involved. C．The best messages are often simple. D．Speak directly to what matters to them. E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·安徽联考·期末）Saying no can be difficult for many people. 16 However, learning how to say no and feel good about it is an important skill. Here are some strategies for actually doing it in a way that leaves us feeling good about our decision. One of the most important aspects of saying no is being honest and direct in your communication. 17 Being honest and direct in your communication helps to avoid misunderstandings and ultimately leads to better relationships. Using “I” statements can help to take the focus off the other person’s request. For example, rather than saying “I can’t help you move this weekend, ”you might say, “I need to take some time for myself this weekend and won’t be able to help you move.” 18 19 For example, if a colleague asks you to take on an extra project, you might say, “I’m not able to take on this project right now, but I can provide support later.” Doing so helps to soften the blow of your no. Besides, it shows you’re still willing to help. Setting clear boundaries for yourself can make saying no much easier. 20 Additionally, it prevents overcommitting and helps maintain a healthy balance in your life. In conclusion, learning how to say no and feel good about it helps us protect our time and energy, prioritizes our own needs and desires, and maintains healthy boundaries. A．It can feel uncomfortable and even guilty. B．We can say no with confidence and peace of mind. C．It helps maintain our physical and emotional well-being. D．If you want to help, you can offer an alternative to the request. E．Rather than skirting around the issue, simply state your reasons. F．In this way, you can shift the focus onto your own needs and desires. G．Knowing your priorities and limits helps you confidently decline irrelevant requests. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·福建厦门·期末）Interruptions are terrible in communication — but not all come from the same place. “It’s possible that someone’s cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking,” says Jefferson Fisher, an author of The Next Conversation: Argue Less, Talk More. In that case? Let them get their words out. 16 Other times, your conversation partner will cut in on purpose. “What they’ re saying is, ‘What I have to say is more important than what you have to say,’” Fisher points out. What should you do about it? 17 . Just keep talking. The first time someone cuts in, continue speaking as though you haven’t been interrupted. “It might sound rude to continue what you’re saying, but it establishes power,” says Jamila Musayeva, an etiquette expert. 18 Don’t raise your voice or start to mumble (小声嘀咕). “You’re not showing them that you’re being caused by it, and you’re not giving them the attention they’re looking for,” she says. That may be all it takes to ensure they allow you to speak. 19 If the person interrupting you continues to do so, it’s time to take action. Address him by name: “Names get people’s attention,” Fisher says. Plus, when using the phrasing he suggests, you actually mean “It’s not me saying anything about you. It’s me saying it about me: ‘I can’t hear you.’” That, he’s found, usually puts an end to the interruptions. “May I finish?” People often make the mistake of apologizing when they’re the ones being interrupted: 20 Avoid that — you didn’t do anything wrong, says Elise Powers, who runs a global communications training firm. Instead, she suggests asking if you can finish what you were saying. “Do it in a confident way, where almost no one is going to say ‘No, you may not finish,’” she says. A．“Sorry, can I continue?” B．They don’t mean any harm. C．The key is maintaining the same tone. D．“John, I’ll turn it over to you when I finish.” E．“Bob, I can’t hear you when you interrupt me.” F．You’ll finish your thought, and then they can share theirs. G．We asked experts exactly what to say when someone interrupts you. 6大常考话题四:历史、社会与文化（4篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·河南郑州·期末）One important purpose of culturally responsive education is to help all students learn to value different cultures and the people they meet. 16 This is because our world contains far more varieties than what students experience in their daily lives. How can teachers help students develop respect for cultures in different ways of thinking? Many classroom activities can help students see the worth and shared humanity of all people. For example, teachers might show common photos of diverse individuals. 17 It’s very important not to always present students with the same examples. Apart from classroom lessons about different cultures, teachers can create learning spaces that welcome all backgrounds. 18 Learners can mark their hometowns on a wall map, and classroom notices can appear in several languages. These small changes can make students from various cultures feel accepted. 19 When students understand and take pride in their own culture, they build stronger self-awareness and connection. This foundation also prepares them to protect and share their cultural heritage. One useful method for helping students value their culture involves exploring family traditions. 20 They then record meaningful lessons learned within their community. A．Begin by seeing one’s own culture in new ways. B．This allows students to meet well-known guests. C．However, this presents big challenges for teachers. D．Another aim is to help students value their own culture. E．Students can ask family members about cultural customs. F．Classroom walls can show pictures representing different cultures. G．This activity teaches about diversity through studying various people. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·河北石家庄·期末）Some of us like to keep some things private — maybe we don’t want people knowing about our relationship status, our age or where we live because these details are personal. 16 . On our social media accounts, we often display things like our opinions, connections and holiday photos. However, how do we stop everybody seeing everything? Maybe we don’t want a random stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. 17 . Now they seem to be popping up on websites. So how can you stay more private? There are some steps you can take. First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms allow everything to be visible by default (默认) and the responsibility is on you to set your boundaries. And limiting the amount you share isn’t only confined (限制) to social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents so a good tip may be not to put anything too private, like passwords, on there. 18 . Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing (浏览) experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions. 19 , but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable. 20 , maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing — and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech to block them. If that’s not enough, just don’t accept them and visit another site — and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead? A．Hopefully, when you take the advice B．Deleting your browsing history may help C．So, if you want to maintain your privacy online D．One mistaken click may send it to the wrong person E．Try to adjust the settings on each device and browser you use F．And cookies — there was a time they were just something nice to eat G．The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint Passage 3 （24-25高一下·福建福州·期末）Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. 16 . Choose a language This is a personal decision. 17 If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. Maybe you live in an area with many Spanish speakers and believe being bilingual (双语的) will increase your job opportunities. 18 This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. Accept mistakes Mistakes are a common part of the process when learning a language. You may choose the wrong word, change vowel sounds, or use the present tense form of a verb when talking about something that happened last week. When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. 19 . Set aside time to practice 20 . According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. You’ll spend around 900 class hours learning German, Haitian Creole, and Swahili. Sometimes you need to learn languages with fewer features in common with English. Then you’d better put in at least 1,100 class hours. A．Build your vocabulary B．Keep trying before setting a goal C．Focus on the 100 most commonly used words D．Try out these steps for how to learn a new language E．Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice F．Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices G．For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice Passage 4 （24-25高一下·广东广州八区·期末）As I stepped off the plane in Yunnan, I was about to begin an unforgettable experience: the Water-Splashing Festival. On the morning of the festival, people were busy getting prepared. Their faces lit with expectation. I, a foreigner, really stood out in the street. A passing vendor (小贩) noticed my out-of-place expression and flashed me a wide smile. 16 Walking through the lively streets of Xishuangbanna with excitement, I saw a group of local children approaching me, their eyes shining with kindness. They handed me a traditional Dai hat and in that simple gesture, I felt a connection to this land and its people. 17 Such a moment highlights how the Water-Splashing Festival is more than just an event; it’s a celebration of warmth and openness. Soon, the most important event, the water splashing, began. People of all ages, armed with water guns and buckets, filled the streets. 18 The thought of getting completely wet in front of so many strangers made me nervous. But then, a group of local boys targeted me with their water guns. Before I knew it, I got wet through, and a burst of laughter escaped my lips. In that moment, all my hesitations faded away. 19 But for me, it was also a way to wash away the distance between myself and the people around me. As the sun began to set, the festival finally ended. But the memories created, the friendship formed, the cultural understanding gained would last a lifetime. 20 It caught me that by being brave enough to explore new cultures, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities. We enrich our lives in ways we could never have imagined, filling them laughter, warmth, and the magic of cultural connection. A．At first, I was a bit hesitant. B．That warmth and friendliness immediately put me at ease. C．The water-splashing had a long history for the Dai people. D．It made me understand that a kind act can break down cultural barriers. E．This led to my new understanding of communicating with different people. F．My time at Yunnan’s Water-Splashing Festival was a journey of discovery. G．In Dai culture, splashing water means getting rid of bad luck and welcoming the new. 6大常考话题五: 科学与技术（3篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·河北保定·期末）Accepting AI for small business growth is becoming necessary for success in today’s dynamic market. Here’s a beginner’s guide to AI in business, especially in small businesses. 11 The first step in choosing AI for your small business is to identify your specific needs and goals. Determine which issues you want to solve. AI works best when tailored to your business’s unique requirements. By pointing out your business’s pain points, you’ll gain a better understanding of how AI can assist and where to begin. Select the proper AI tools 12 the next step is choosing the right tools. With various AI platforms and software available, it’s important to select those tailored to your industry and needs. Choosing AI solutions that fit your business’s budget, size, and goals is important. Begin small and grow gradually Start by applying AI to a single area of your operations. 13 It can also allow you to refine (改进) your strategy based on observed results. As you become more comfortable with the tools and recognize their benefits, you can gradually apply AI to other areas of the business. Educate your team Providing training for your employees is important for making full use of AI technologies. Numerous online resources and courses focus on AI development, machine learning, and data analysis. 14 Emphasize data privacy and security If you are seeking AI powered business growth, paying attention to data security and privacy is significant. 15 By emphasizing data security, you’ll build trust with your customers and reduce risk of potential legal issues. A．Recognize the value of AI application. B．Identify your business needs and goals. C．After deciding to use AI to drive business growth, D．After identifying where AI can benefit your business, E．Small businesses must be able to handle customer data responsibly. F．This method lets you measure the results without letting your team feel unprepared. G．Equipping your team with this knowledge will enhance AI’s impact on your business. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·云南昆明·期末）Using AI Wisely: A Guide for Students AI tools like Deepseek are becoming popular study helpers. They can analyze data quickly and provide immediate answers. 6 . And, using them correctly is key to real learning. Here’s how to make the most of it.  Understand its functions It makes homework easier but requires wise use. For example, it can check grammar mistakes in English essays, explain math problems step by step, and even translate sentences between Chinese and English. Additionally, it helps organize study schedules based on your needs. But remember AI is a tool. 7 . Ask clear questions The way you ask matters. 8 . For instance, instead of typing “Help me with history”, try “What were the three main causes of World War I according to Chapter 5 in our textbook?”. More specific questions help Deepseek give correct and detailed answers. This saves time and makes your study more efficient.  Protect personal information   Never share private details like your phone number or home address. 9 . Good AI tools like Deepseek don’t ask for such information, and their systems are designed to protect users’ privacy. If a website requests personal data, close it immediately.   10 Use AI to explore ideas and get suggestions, but always check answers with textbooks or teachers. True learning happens when you combine technology with your own critical thinking. This balance makes you both tech-smart and knowledge-strong. A．See AI as assistance to help you learn. B．Use specific questions to get better results. C．Your safety should always come first online. D．Learning what Deepseek can do is important. E．It is not a replacement for your own thinking. F．AI can solve all your study problems perfectly. G．Start by reading its 100-page instruction manual. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·浙江·期末）Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. 1 This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. There are two options available: public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment. 2 Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family. When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. 3 You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient. Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. 4 External hard drives can still break, or fail. Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. 5 A．You will find cloud storage very cheap. B．Cloud storage is very simple to use. C．It enables you to store your data on hosted servers. D．This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. E．Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security. F．The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files. G．You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on. 6大常考话题六: 环境保护（3篇） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·四川成都·期末）As you read this passage, countless species are on the edge of extinction. We live in an era where global biodiversity (生物多样性) faces threats caused mainly by human actions. 36 . Here, we explore some practical approaches that you can apply to protect endangered wildlife. Buy products from sustainable sources 37 . Avoid buying products made from animal skins, bones, ivory, or other endangered animal products. Though it can seem like a personal choice that only affects you, you directly help with wildlife protection by actively buying from sustainable sources. Avoid plastic use and recycle properly Dealing with waste and recyclables properly plays a huge part in protecting the environment and animals. Recycling breaks the cycle of plastic pollution, ensuring that plastics don’t end up endangering wildlife. Besides, try to use alternatives (替代品) to plastic products, especially single use plastics. 38 . Support protection organizations Supporting protection organizations is a great way to protect endangered species. Donations provide funding for research, habitat protection, wildlife rescue, and species recovery programs. If you’re not in a position to provide money, there are other ways you can help. 39 . You can also look for volunteering opportunities at protection organizations. 40 The next time you take a trip, avoid booking a package holiday and instead think a bit more deeply about ways you can travel sustainably to help reduce the negative impact of tourism on ecosystems. Make sure you choose tour agencies that prioritize protection and animal well-being. A．Travel in a wildlife-friendly way B．Reduce negative impact on animals C．But there are many things we can do to help D．You can share posts from animal protection organizations E．For example, use reusable water bottles instead of plastic ones F．You can use your voice to bring attention to wildlife protection G．Choosing cruelty-free products contributes to wildlife protection Passage 2 （24-25高一下·湖南师大附中·期末）Grocery shopping is something everyone has to do. Whether you go to the supermarket or buy online, there are ways to shop smarter and greener. 16 Plan your shopping 17 This will allow you to plan healthy meals for the week. But don’t forget to check your fridge to make sure you don’t buy food that you already have. Having a list also cuts down on impulse (冲动的) buys that you don’t really need. Buy bulk foods (散装食品) Many foods are wrapped in plastic or have too much packaging. In fact, 23 per cent of all waste in rubbish tips in the US comes from food packaging according to a report. You can help reduce all this packaging waste by buying bulk foods whenever possible. 18 Buy seasonal and local produce Buying locally grown fruits and vegetables when the produce is in season cuts down on the environmental cost of transportation. In addition, the local produce you buy is fresher and not artificially ripened (人工催熟的) so it is more nutritional. 19 Save your produce bags While many people use reusable cloth grocery bags, another tip is to save the plastic bags that you put produce in. 20 From packing a lunch to picking up dog waste, reusing plastic bags is the way to go. A．These bags can be reused in lots of ways. B．And you are supporting your local farmers. C．It’s easy to make better choices at the supermarket. D．Part of shopping smarter is to buy what you can use. E．Bring your own plastic bags or containers if allowed. F．Here are some tips on how to be a better grocery shopper. G．Make a list and meal plan before you go to the supermarket. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末）Film has seen great progress over the years. While actors and directors often receive most of the praise, the heroes behind the screen are the musicians who make a film unforgettable. 36 This is the kind of music we call a film score (配乐). It has developed through several stages. In the silent film era, music was used to fill the silence. 37 They had to respond in real time to the changing scenes, adjusting their music to match the mood. This was the early form of film scoring. The shift from live performance to written scores began in the early 1900s. French composer (作家) Camille Saint-Saens was the first to write original music specially for film. This marked a new stage of film scoring. 38 They worked closely with directors. As sound technology advanced, film scoring became an important part of the film-making process. 39 By the mid-20th century, they grew to include rock, pop, hip-hop, and electronic music. Films like Saturday Night Fever used popular music to define both character and culture. In science fiction films, electronic sounds were used to create a sense of the unknown. Today, film musicians continue to shape the way we experience films. Masters like Hans Zimmer have moved us deeply with the beautiful score in Interstellar. Combining traditional instruments with digital production in innovative ways, he has brought us new sounds. 40 A．The film industry gained big success. B．From then on, more composers joined in. C．Musicians would play live music in theaters. D．As a new kind of music, it faced many challenges. E．His music takes us on a whole new journey of the senses. F．Through the years, film scores took on various musical styles. G．Their music deepens emotion and connects the audience to the story. Passage 1 Bad News for the Highly Intelligent There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful in the classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less likely to experience negative life events. 1 In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a high IQ society. The study covered mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report whether they had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders. To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE. 2 This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent. 3 The results of this study must be interpreted (诠释) cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder. 4 All the same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the link between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. 5 In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors.  From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to insights about how to improve people’s psychological and physical well-being. A．Now there’s some bad news for those smart people. B．There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case. C．It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse. D．Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages. E．That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious. F．It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ. G．They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and anxiety disorders. Passage 2 How to Have Better, Deeper Conversations In today’s fast-paced world, distractions are everywhere, especially from our phones. When catching up with friends, it can be frustrating when their attention shifts away. 6 It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways to enhance your listening ability. Avoid distractions. To be an effective listener, start by putting away your phone and other distractions. Research shows that multitasking distracts our attention and hampers the quality of our conversations. As musician Hishikesh Hirway says, “Trying to listen to one song while singing another in your head is impossible.” 7 Reflect on what you hear. Active listening is more than just being silent. 8 Phrases like “What I hear you saying is” can confirm your understanding. Also, resist the urge to share your own stories immediately; keep the conversation centered on them. 9 Nonverbal communication plays a vital role in conversations. Maintaining eye contact, having an open posture, and nodding can show that you’re engaged. These small gestures help the other person feel valued and encourage them to continue sharing. Improving your listening skills takes practice. 10 As Hirway advises, “Let the other person know you’re listening and stay focused.” A．Use nonverbal cues. B．Look up to show interest. C．So to build stronger relationships, active listening is essential. D．But with a bit more effort, you can foster deeper conversations. E．Engage by asking questions or summarizing what the other person says F．Therefore, during conversations, focus fully on the person in front of you. G．Taking notes while listening can help you remember the conversation better. Passage 3 I used to wake up and check my phone. Before my feet hit the floor, I was already deep in the day’s chaos: headlines, comments, breaking news alerts. Doomscrolling (刷屏成瘾) had become my morning routine. 11 I started each day tense and anxious. So I gave myself a quiet dare: no phone in the morning, for five straight weekdays. Naturally, breaking the habit wasn’t easy. The first morning, I reached for my phone automatically. I stopped myself and picked up a book instead. It felt odd, like trying to enjoy coffee without caffeine. But after a few pages, I found myself actually relaxed — not the emptiness of a scroll, but something steadier. 12 That had never happened before. Encouraged by the quiet start, I explored other ways. The next day I tried a cold shower. I wanted something that would force me fully awake. The shock factor was incredibly effective. 13 On Wednesday, I went for a run. I hated every step at first. But I came back awake, warm and proud. That feeling powered me through the day. 14 On Thursday, I journaled. No audience, just thoughts on paper. It felt honest, if not particularly exciting. On Friday, I reread an old letter and let the memories surface. It was quiet, uneventful and grounding. By the end of the week, the urge to check my phone had weakened. 15 Those phone-free mornings proved a quieter start was possible: no noise or half-truths. It’s not about perfection, but freedom from the scroll and the misinformation it feeds into our minds. A．But lately, I noticed the disadvantage it carried. B．This left my mind surprisingly clear afterward. C．Some mornings were more reflective than active. D．It made me realize my dependence on my phone. E．I even finished a chapter before checking the time. F．That meant I stopped grabbing my phone on waking. G．It revealed the link between my phone use and daily anxiety. Passage 4 Sometimes in our lives, we face this problem: both loved ones and strangers can annoy us. At home, we’ve had to put up with children screaming during online meetings and family members being on the computer all the time. 16 Kindness seems like a distant memory. The ability to live peacefully with annoying housemates or neighbors seems more difficult than ever. 17 If we treat kindness as a skill and make it a daily practice, it will come more easily over time. 18 Loving-Kindness Meditation (LKM), which traces its roots back to early Buddhism, helps us find compassion for one another even during trying times. This meditation asks us to send thoughts of loving-kindness to our loved ones, then to acquaintances (people you don’t know very well), and finally to difficult people. Over time, our unkind thoughts are replaced with more open, accepting ones. Anger is replaced with love, or at least kindness. Donald Altman, a psychotherapist from Portland, Oregon, says LKM helps us recognize that we are all vulnerable and have been hurt. 19 So how do we practice it? To begin with, Altman suggests finding a quiet place to sit. He says to then imagine a favorite family member or friend sending you the words: “May you be well, happy, and at peace.” After a few minutes, direct the words at yourself: “May I be well, happy, and at peace.” 20 Replace the “I” with the name of a teacher or coach, then a family member or friend, then an acquaintance, and finally an unfriendly person in your life. End the meditation by spreading the blessings to all living beings. Indeed, we should find our own way to practice LKM-but only if we are prepared to embrace its benefits and extend them to anyone who may need them. A．The good news is that it isn’t lost B．Luckily, we can look to ancient disciplines for guidance C．Then, extend the blessing to other people, in order of decreasing fondness. D．At work, we have had to take the pressure these demanding crate. E．For that reason, we could all benefit from love’s warm and comforting blessing F．You can combine the words with breathing, repeating a phrase of love for yourself G．Outside, we have encountered drivers speeding on busy roads and passengers talking loudly on the subway Passage 5 Are you looking for a way to go through life just a little happier? The path to happiness lies in finding your core values and reflecting those core values in everything you do. Live authentically and presently in the moment and you’ll find the happiness you seek. 16 Identify your core values Boost your overall happiness by acting in accordance with your values. 17 Not material possessions, but the people, circumstances, and feelings that make you feel like your life has meaning. These are the things you want to order your life around. As long as the things you do and the decisions you make follow along with those core values, you’ ll feel at peace. Develop a growth mindset Shift your mindset to become more resilient (有适应力的). Life’s challenges might get you down, but with a growth mindset they won’t take you out. 18 You don’t see failure as a threat, but as an opportunity to grow, and you embrace mistakes as learning opportunities. Celebrate your achievements 19 When you achieve something you set out to do, it feels really good. Why not celebrate that? It can be easy to get embarrassed or self-conscious, especially if it was a relatively small accomplishment. But the truth is, it doesn’t matter — big or small, you did it! Start a gratefulness list Acknowledging your gratitude increases your happiness. If you’ve never simply sat for a minute to reflect on the things in your life that you’re grateful for, take a moment to do it now and pay attention to how it makes you feel. Start a list with 5 things you feel grateful for, then add another 5 things to your list each day. 20 A．Enjoy the glory of your accomplishment. B．Think about what’s most important to you. C．Let’s learn more about how you can live a joyful and happy life. D．Often it’s the little things that have the most huge impact on your life. E．That’s because you know you can adapt and change as circumstances require. F．For example, you might determine your loyalty to your friends is your core values. G．Over time, you’ ll find yourself overflowing with gratitude for the world around you. Passage 6 Kindness is a universal language that can bring people together regardless of age, race and religion. It is one of the greatest gifts we can give to others and ourselves. 16 Kindness makes us feel good. It helps produce feel-good hormones (激素). Hormones like serotonin, which are responsible for your satisfaction and happiness, increase when you perform kind acts. Have you ever had an experience of this? 17 So whenever you want to feel better, do not hesitate to volunteer and help someone in need. Kindness reduces negative feelings. It has been proven that when you act kindly towards someone, the feelings of anger, regret, envy and many other such feelings tend to disappear with your kind acts. The act of treating others with kindness also eases stress-related problems, like pain and anxiety. 18 Kindness creates a more positive environment. 19 For example, when people receive kindness, they are more likely to help someone else. By paying kindness forward, we’ll build a community where we feel safer and more connected. 20 Studies have found that individuals who volunteer or regularly engage in kind acts have lower risks of developing heart disease. Have you heard about “having a warm heart”? Well, if you show an act of kindness to someone, we are sure you are a warm-hearted person. A．Kindness is good for your heart. B．So, what benefits does it bring about? C．Here are the ways to practice kindness. D．Kind acts can inspire others to do the same. E．If you give more love to others, you will get more attention. F．Next time you feel anxious, look out for ways to help others. G．When you kindly give someone a hand, you’ll feel better within yourself. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题04 七选五6大常考话题（期末复习专项训练） 目录 话题 篇目 真题实战 6大常考话题 话题一：健康的生活方式与积极的人生态度 5 话题二：认识自我改善自我 4 话题三：社会服务与人际沟通 4 话题四：历史、社会与文化 4 话题五：科学与技术 3 话题六：自然生态与环境保护 3 考题猜想 Passage1-6 6 6大常考话题一: 健康的生活方式与积极的人生态度（5篇） Passage 1：36．E 37．G 38．D 39．C 40．A Passage 2：16．G 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．F Passage 3：11．C 12．A 13．E 14．F 15．D Passage 4：16．C 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．D Passage 5：36．C 37．B 38．G 39．A 40．F 6大常考话题二：认识自我改善自我（4篇） Passage 1：16．G 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．F Passage 2：16．E 17．G 18．C 19．D 20．A Passage 3：16．A 17．F 18．D 19．E 20．G Passage 4：16．E 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．B 6大常考话题三: 社会服务与人际沟通（4篇） Passage 1：11．G 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．E Passage 2：16．C 17．D 18．G 19．B 20．F Passage 3：16．A 17．E 18．F 19．D 20．G Passage 4：16．F 17．G 18．C 19．E 20．A 6大常考话题四:历史、社会与文化（4篇） Passage 1：16．C 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．E Passage 2：16．G 17．F 18．D 19．B 20．C Passage 3：16．D 17．F 18．A 19．G 20．E Passage 4：16．B 17．D 18．A 19．G 20．F 6大常考话题五: 科学与技术（3篇） Passage 1：11．B 12．D 13．F 14．G 15．E Passage 2：6．D 7．E 8．B 9．C 10．A Passage 3：1．C 2．B 3．G 4．D 5．F 6大常考话题六: 环境保护（3篇） Passage 1：36．C 37．G 38．E 39．D 40．A Passage 2：16．F 17．G 18．E 19．B 20．A Passage 3：36．G 37．C 38．B 39．F 40．E Passage 1：1．A 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．B Passage 2：6．C 7．F 8．E 9．A 10．D Passage 3：11．A 12．E 13．B 14．C 15．F Passage 4：16．G 17．A 18．B 19．E 20．C Passage 5：16．C 17．B 18．E 19．A 20．G Passage 6：16．B 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．A 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $