Unit 7 Charities 单元基础知识（单词、短语、句型、语法）综合练习 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 以“Charities”主题为核心，系统整合单元词汇、短语、句型及被动语态语法，通过多样化题型实现从基础梳理到综合应用的逻辑构建，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心知识梳理|单词24个、短语12个、句型8句、语法2类|分类呈现基础要素，语法含被动语态结构解析|从主题词汇到语法规则，构建“概念-结构-应用”链条| |综合练习|单选15题、单词拼写17题、完成句子10题、完形10题、选词/短文填空各10空|覆盖词汇辨析、语法应用、语篇理解，聚焦被动语态及主题词汇|以语法为纲，串联词汇短语，通过语篇综合考查语言运用能力|

Unit 7 Charities单元基础知识综合练习 （单词、短语、句型、语法） Part 1 核心知识梳理表 核心单词 1. found vt.创建；建立 2. medical adj.医疗的 3. interviewer n.采访者 4. aim n.目的，目标 5. patient n.病人 6. afford vt.能做，买得起 7. train vt.&vi.培训，训练 8. benefit vi.得益于，得利于vt.使受益 9. operate vi.动手术 10. treat vt.医治；以…方式对待 11. interview n.采访，访谈；面试 12. darkness n.黑暗 13. blind vt.使失明 14. addition n.增加；增加物 15. directly adv.直接 16. aim vt.&vi.力争做到；瞄准 17. benefit n.优势，益处，成效 18. champion n.捍卫者，声援者，拥护者；冠军 19. right n.权利 20. healthcare n.医疗(服务) 21. progress n.进步，进展 22. spread n.传播，散布，扩展，蔓延 23. virus n.病毒 24. war n.战争；斗争 核心短语 1. go to hospital去医院看病 2. benefit from从…… 中受益 3. on board在飞机上(或船上、火车上) 4. operate on(给…)做手术 5. carry on with继续做 6. with the aim of doing目的是做某事 7. in addition(to) 除…以外(还) 8. hand out分发 9. miss out(on) 错失(机会) 10. eye care 眼睛保健 11. millions of 数百万的 12. do operations 做手术 高频句子 1. It was founded in 1982.它建立于1982 年。 2. There are about 6,000 medicalvolunteers in this organization.这个组织大约有6,000名医疗志愿者。 3. However,many people don't havemoney for medicaltreatment.然而，许多人没有钱接受医学治疗。 4. I couldn't afford to go to hospital, and I was losing hope.我没钱去医院，并且快要失去希望了。 5. But we need more money to carryon with our work.但我们需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。 6. I'm sure this interview will helpmore people understand and supportyour important work.我相信这次访谈将帮助更多的人理解和支持你的重要工作。 7. People can help by donating moneyor working as volunteers.人们可以通过捐款或做志愿者来提供帮助。 8. She used to work on the farm all day and could not read or write.她过去整天在农场干活，不会读写。 核心语法 · 被动语态概念：当句子主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者时，句子用被动语态。表达“主语被... ...”的意义。 · 一般现在时被动语态： 1) 肯定句：主语(动作的承受者)+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）。 2) 否定句：主语(动作的承受者)+am/is/are + not+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）。 3) 一般疑问句：Am/ls/Are+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）? 4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）? · 一般过去时被动语态： 1) 肯定句：主语(动作的承受者)+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）。 2) 否定句：主语(动作的承受者)+was/were + not+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）。 3) 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）? 4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他（+ by sb./sth.）? Part 2 核心知识综合练习 一、单项选择 1．Some useful books and pens ________ for the poor students in the mountain village last month. A．provided B．was provided C．were provided D．are provided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月一些有用的书和笔被提供给山村的贫困学生。 主语“Some useful books and pens”为复数，且与动词provide之间是被动关系；时间状语“last month”表明时态为一般过去时，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态。应选were provided。 2．Because of the heavy rainstorm, visitors in Qingdao ________ to stay away from the beach yesterday. A．warned B．are warned C．were warned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于暴雨，青岛的游客昨天被警告远离海滩。 根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；主语visitors与动词warn之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时态的被动语态，应填were warned。 3．________ this kind of car ________ in China? A．Is; made B．Will; be make C．Does; make D．Is; make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种汽车是中国制造的吗？ 主语this kind of car与动词make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为“be + 动词的过去分词”。主语是单数，时态为一般现在时，be 动词用 is，make的过去分词是made。 4．Chinese ________ by Miss Wang three years ago. A．was taught B．is taught C．will be taught 【答案】A 【详解】句意：三年前，语文是由王老师教的。 根据时间状语“three years ago”（三年前）可知，动作发生在过去，且主语Chinese与动词teach之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态was taught。 5．Students are not ________ to bring their mobile phones to school. A．allowed B．allowing C．allows D．allow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们不被允许带手机到学校。 allowed被允许（过去分词）；allowing允许（现在分词）；allows允许（第三人称单数）；allow允许（动词原形）。主语Students与动词allow之间是被动关系，固定搭配be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”，are后接过去分词构成被动语态。 6．The old woman was lost. She ________ to her home by a policeman. A．takes B．took C．was taken D．is taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位老妇人迷路了。她被一名警察送回了家。 takes带走（第三人称单数）；took带走（过去式）；was taken被带走（一般过去时被动语态）；is taken被带走（一般现在时被动语态）。根据前句“The old woman was lost”可知时态为一般过去时；根据“by a policeman”可知主语She与动词take之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态结构“was/were+过去分词”。 7．The ________ asked the doctor many questions about the medical team. A．patient B．interviewer C．champion D．organization 【答案】B 【详解】句意： 这位采访者向医生询问了许多关于医疗团队的问题。 patient患者；interviewer采访者；champion冠军；organization组织。 根据“asked the doctor many questions about the medical team”可知，向医生询问医疗团队具体情况的通常是进行采访或报道的人（如记者），而非患者（患者更可能询问自身病情）。因此，interviewer符合语境。 8．— What a nice watch! Where did you buy it? — I bought it in a shop near my home. It ________ in Switzerland. A．makes B．is made C．made D．was made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——多漂亮的手表啊！你在哪里买的？——我在家附近的一家商店买的。它是瑞士制造的。 makes制造（主动，三单）；is made被制造（一般现在时被动）；made制造（过去式/分词）；was made被制造（一般过去时被动）。主语It指代手表，与制造之间是被动关系；根据前句“I bought it”可知买发生在过去，制造发生在买之前，因此为一般过去时的被动语态。 9．—Oh, dear! It’s difficult for me to finish so much work in such a short time. —Try to be ________, Linda. I believe you can do it. A．crazy B．friendly C．patient D．correct 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——哦，亲爱的！对我来说在这么短的时间内完成这么多工作太难了。——试着耐心点，琳达。我相信你可以的。 crazy疯狂的；friendly友好的；patient耐心的。根据“It’s difficult for me to finish so much work in such a short time.”以及“I believe you can do it.”可知，上文对方觉得任务困难，下文需要鼓励对方沉下心来坚持完成，patient符合语境。 10．This kind of ________ is very useful for patients with eye problems. A．treatment B．champion C．addition D．right 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种治疗对于患有眼病的病人非常有用。 treatment治疗；champion冠军；addition增加；right权利。根据“patients with eye problems”可知语境是针对病人和疾病的，推测出这种“治疗”是有用的，应填treatment。 11．Please help me ________ these leaflets to the students. A．hand out B．carry on C．go to D．operate 【答案】A 【详解】句意：请帮我把这些传单分发给学生。 hand out分发；carry on继续；go to去；operate操作。根据“these leaflets to the students”可知，是要把传单发给学生，hand out符合语境。 12．You can call me ________ if you need help. A．directly B．really C．recently D．clearly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你需要帮助，你可以直接打电话给我。 directly直接地；really真正地；recently最近；clearly清楚地。根据“if you need help”可知，是提供帮助，推测出可以直接打电话联系。应填directly。 13．________, we need more volunteers to help us. A．In addition B．On board C．Go to hospital D．Hand out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：此外，我们需要更多的志愿者来帮助我们。 In addition此外；On board加入；Go to hospital去医院；Hand out分发。根据句意，空缺处位于句首且后有逗号，应填入表示递进或补充关系的连接语。A选项符合语境逻辑。B、C、D 选项代入后语意不通或语法不符。 14．We must ________ working hard to realize our dream. A．carry on B．hand out C．go to D．miss out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们必须继续努力工作。 carry on继续；hand out分发；go to去；miss out错过。根据句意可知，实现梦想需要“继续”努力工作，且carry on后接动名词working，符合语境。 15．The doctor will ________ on the patient tomorrow morning. A．operate B．cure C．train D．interview 【答案】A 【详解】句意：医生明天上午将为病人做手术。 operate做手术；cure治愈；train训练；interview面试。根据“The doctor”和“on the patient”可知，此处指医生给病人做手术，应填operate。 二、单词拼写 16．Education is provided by our country as of a ________ (权利). 【答案】right 【详解】句意：教育是国家作为一项权利向我们提供的。“权利”right，名词， 作介词of的宾语，常用单数泛指抽象权利。 17．When the basketball player appeared in front of the Great Hall of the People, a lot of ________ (采访者) gathered around him and asked him a lot of questions. 【答案】interviewers 【详解】句意：当那位篮球运动员出现在人民大会堂前时，许多采访者聚集在他周围，问了他很多问题。根据汉语提示“采访者”可知，此处需要表示“人”的名词。interviewer“采访者”，是可数名词。空前有“a lot of”修饰，意为“许多”，后接可数名词复数形式，表示不止一个采访者。故填interviewers。 18．The new regulations will be of ________ (好处) to everyone concerned. 【答案】benefit 【详解】句意：新规定将对所有相关人员有好处。“be of+名词”结构相当于该名词对应的形容词。根据汉语提示“好处”以及空格前的“be of”，此处应使用名词benefit，构成“be of benefit to”短语，意为“对……有益处”，相当于“be beneficial to”。故填benefit。 19．Clean water is __________ (提供) for the villagers by the government. 【答案】provided 【详解】句意：政府为村民们提供干净的饮用水。provide“提供”，动词。句子主语Clean water和动词provide之间是被动关系，水是被政府提供的。句子的be动词为is，因此用一般现在时的被动语态：be+过去分词，provide的过去分词为provided。 20．John saved money each month so that he could ________ (支付得起) to go on a trip to Hainan. 【答案】afford 【详解】句意：约翰每个月都省钱，以便能负担得起去海南的旅行。根据中文提示可知，“支付得起”对应的英文是afford，是动词，此处位于情态动词could之后，应用动词原形。 21．Many ________ (病人) with eye problems can not afford operations, so charities like Operation Smile come to help them. 【答案】patients 【详解】句意：许多有眼部疾病的病人负担不起手术费用，所以像微笑行动这样的慈善机构前来帮助他们。句中many意为“许多”，后接可数名词复数形式；结合中文提示“病人”，本单元对应单词为patient，它的复数形式为patients，故填patients。 22．She spent 1 year ________ (训练) to become a professional nurse before she started working. 【答案】training 【详解】句意：在她开始工作之前，她花了一年时间培训成为一名专业护士。train“训练”，动词；spend+时间+(in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”，动词短语，此处应填training。 23．现代医学能治愈大多数眼病。 ________ ________ can cure most eye problems. 【答案】 Modern medicine 【详解】原句中“现代医学”是关键词，用词组modern medicine表示，句首的首字母大写，故第一空填Modern，第二空填medicine。 24．Most v________ can be found and killed by our immune system (免疫系统) as soon as they enter our bodies. 【答案】viruses 【详解】句意：大多数病毒一进入我们体内，就能被我们的免疫系统发现并消灭。根据首字母提示v和语境：进入人体且能被免疫系统消灭的事物应是病毒。virus意为“病毒”，是可数名词，most后接可数名词复数形式viruses。 25．The project will c________ on till more people get help. 【答案】carry 【详解】句意：这个项目将持续进行，直到更多的人得到帮助。根据首字母及“on till more people get help”提示，这里表示“继续”，动词短语carry on“继续”。根据will提示，后接动词原形，应填carry。 26．Many people donate money to s________ international charities. 【答案】support 【详解】句意：很多人捐款来支持国际慈善机构。句中"donate money to"表示捐款的目的，to在此处为不定式符号，后接动词原形，应填support。 27．We should try to i________ the living conditions of poor kids. 【答案】improve 【详解】句意：我们应该努力改善贫困儿童的生活条件。根据“the living conditions of poor kids.”以及首字母为i可知，此处是指努力改善贫困儿童的生活条件。improve“改善”，用原形，和前面的to一起构成动词不定式结构。 28．The doctor advised him to receive regular m______ check-ups to stay healthy. 【答案】medical 【详解】句意：医生建议他定期接受体检以保持健康。根据句子语境，医生建议他接受定期的检查以保持健康，结合首字母“m”，medical表示“医学的、医疗的”，medical check-ups意为“医疗检查”，符合此处语义，所以应填medical。 29．The main a________ of this project is to improve healthcare in rural areas. 【答案】aim 【详解】句意：这个项目的主要目的是改善农村地区的医疗条件。根据首字母提示和“of this project is to improve healthcare in rural areas”可知，此处需用名词aim“目标，目的”，空前有The main，应用单数形式。故填aim。 30．The nurse is very g________ to the sick people. 【答案】gentle 【详解】句意：这位护士对病人非常温柔。根据首字母提示和“to the sick people”可知，此处需用形容词gentle“温柔的”，作表语。故填gentle。 31．We are ________ (grate) to all the kind people. 【答案】grateful 【详解】句意：我们对所有善良的人表示感激。be动词后接形容词grateful，意为“感激的”。 32．The international conference ________ (hold) in our city every year to improve cross-cultural communication. 【答案】is held 【详解】句意：为了促进跨文化交流，这场国际会议每年都在我市举办。主语The international conference是 “被举办”的对象，因此需要使用被动语态，时间状语every year表示经常性、习惯性的动作，因此使用一般现在时，一般现在时被动语态的结构是：主语+am/is/are+过去分词，主语The international conference是单数名词，因此be动词用is，hold的过去分词形式是held。 33．—I hear the ticket price to the show last weekend ________ (rise) by 15%. —Yes. So more money ________ (raise) that day. 【答案】rose was raised 【详解】句意：——我听说上周末演出的票价上涨了15%。 ——是的，所以那天筹集到了更多的钱。第一空根据时间状语“last weekend”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；rise的过去式是rose。第二空根据“that day”可知，时态为一般过去时；主语“more money”与动词raise之间是被动关系，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were +过去分词；“money”是不可数名词，be动词用was，raise的过去分词是raised。 34．Nowadays most young people get used to ________ (pay) with apps like Alipay and WeChat Pay. 【答案】paying 【详解】句意：如今，大多数年轻人习惯了使用像支付宝和微信支付这样的应用程序进行支付。句中“get used to”是一个固定短语，意为“习惯于……”，其中“to”是介词，后面应当接名词、代词或动名词形式。因此，括号内的动词“pay”需要变为动名词形式“paying”。故填paying。 35．We can help the children by ________ (organize) a donation. 【答案】organizing 【详解】句意：我们可以通过组织一场募捐来帮助这些孩子。“organize”意为组织，介词“by”表示“通过某种方式”，后面接动词时需要使用动名词形式。 36．We should treat the old ________ (direct) and kindly. 【答案】directly 【详解】句意：我们应当坦率且友善地对待老人。句中treat“对待”是动词，需要副词修饰；空格和后面的副词kindly“友善地”是并列关系，也需要填副词。direct“直接的，坦率的”，形容词；其副词形式是在词尾加-ly，故填directly。 37．The ________ (interview) is asking the doctor some questions. 【答案】interviewer 【详解】句意：采访者正在问医生一些问题。所给词interview为动词，此处需要名词作主语，表示“采访者”，interview的名词形式为interviewer，意为“采访者”。根据句意和be动词is可知，主语为单数，故填interviewer。 38．He has made great ________ (progress) in his study. 【答案】progress 【详解】 句意：他在学习方面取得了很大的进步。progress是不可数名词，无复数形式，make progress意为“取得进步”，应填progress。 39．The ________ (organize) helps poor people around the world. 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：这个组织帮助世界各地的穷人。句中“The”为定冠词，后面需要接名词作主语，动词“organize”的名词形式是“organization”，表示“组织”，且谓语动词“helps”为第三人称单数形式，主语应为单数。 40．They need more ________ (train) to be good volunteers. 【答案】training 【详解】句意：他们需要更多的训练来成为优秀的志愿者。more是形容词，后面需接名词；train作动词意为“训练”，对应的名词形式是training，不可数名词。 三、完成句子 41．通过不懈努力，联合国儿童基金会在为儿童创造更美好世界的道路上取得了巨大进展。 Through its great efforts, UNICEF ________ ________ great progress to create a better world for children. 【答案】has made 【详解】原句中“取得了巨大进展”是关键词，表示“取得进展”的短语为“make progress”，本句强调过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语“UNICEF”为第三人称单数，故填has；made。 42．这个组织旨在为贫困地区的人们提供医疗帮助。 The ________ ________ to provide medical help for people in poor areas. 【答案】organization aims 【详解】原句中“组织”和“旨在”是关键词。organization意为“组织”，此处表特指，填单数名词作主语；aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”，主语为单数，句子陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填organization；aims。 43．我们的许多病人负担不起去医院的费用，所以我们必须去他们那里。 Many of our patients ________ ________ ________ go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 【答案】can’t afford to 【详解】该句为一般现在时，“负担不起做某事”为can’t afford to do sth.。 44．世界上有超过10亿人患有不同种类的眼病。 Over one billion people around the world ________ ________ ________ different kinds of eye problems. 【答案】are suffering from 【详解】原句中“患……病”是关键词，对应的短语是suffer from；根据句意可知，该句表示现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时“be+现在分词”，主语为“people”，be动词用are，suffer的现在分词为suffering。 45．这场战争让数十亿人失去了家园和权利。 The ________ made ________ of people lose their homes and ________. 【答案】war billions rights 【详解】原句中“战争”、“十亿”和“权利”是关键词，war意为“战争”；billions of 意为“数十亿的”；rights意为“权利”。 46．黑暗中，这个病人错失了接受手术的机会。 In the ________, the patient ________ ________ ________ the chance of operation. 【答案】 darkness missed out on 【详解】原句中“黑暗中”对应固定搭配in the darkness；“错失”对应固定短语miss out on；句子描述的是过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，因此动词miss要变为过去式missed。 47．除此之外，我还需要一些传单来分发。 ________ ________, I need some leaflets to hand out. 【答案】 In addition 【详解】原句中“除此之外”是关键信息，对应的短语是In addition。本句中，该短语作状语，无特殊时态变化，故填In；addition。 48．我们应该继续开展眼睛保健活动来帮助盲人。 We should ________ ________ eye care activities to help blind people. 【答案】carry on 【详解】原句中“继续开展”是关键词，表示“继续开展”的短语是carry on，动词短语，位于情态动词should之后，使用动词原形。 49．很多人因为战争而错失受教育的机会。 Many people ________ ________ on the chance of education because of the war. 【答案】miss out 【详解】原句中“错失”是关键词，表示“错过”的动词短语是miss out，miss out on意为“错过”。本句描述事实，使用一般现在时，主语Many people是复数，谓语动词用原形miss。 50．他感激那些为他做手术的医生们。 He is ________ ________ the doctors who operated on him. 【答案】 grateful to 【详解】原句中“感激”是关键词，表示“感激/对……心存感激”的短语是grateful to。本句为一般现在时，is后接形容词短语。故填grateful；to。 四、完形填空 Charities play a very important role in our world today. They are set up to help people in need. Last year, I learned about a wonderful medical organization called Orbis. It uses a special flying eye hospital to visit poor areas and treat patients with eye problems. Many people in these poor areas are suffering from blindness. They simply cannot 51 to go to a modern hospital for necessary 52 treatment. When the Orbis plane arrives, local doctors and nurses are 53 on board. Volunteer doctors 54 them carefully and teach them new skills. During each visit, hundreds of patients are 55 on. One of the patients, a young girl named Alina, lived in complete 56 for years. Because of her serious eye 57 , she had to stay at home and could not read or write. Luckily, an Orbis doctor treated her eyes successfully. When they took off the bandages, Alina could see the beautiful world clearly for the first time. She was so 58 to the volunteers. Now, Alina goes to school happily every day. She studies hard and hopes to become a doctor in the future to help others. The work of charities is truly 59 . It brings light and hope to people. We should all 60 them. 51．A．afford B．choose C．agree D．refuse 52．A．physical B．medical C．natural D．magical 53．A．invited B．pushed C．forced D．punished 54．A．hurt B．train C．catch D．leave 55．A．carried B．passed C．operated D．depended 56．A．peace B．silence C．danger D．darkness 57．A．disease B．test C．lesson D．habit 58．A．polite B．grateful C．sorry D．strange 59．A．meaningless B．terrible C．meaningful D．boring 60．A．support B．forget C．doubt D．stop 【答案】51．A 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．C 56．D 57．A 58．B 59．C 60．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了慈善医疗组织奥比斯，利用飞行眼科医院为贫困地区眼疾患者提供治疗、培训当地医生，并以患者Alina为例，展现了慈善工作的意义，呼吁人们支持慈善事业。 51．句意：他们根本负担不起去现代医院接受必要的治疗。 根据“Many people in these poor areas are suffering from blindness.”可知，这些地区的人很贫穷，没有钱支付治疗费用。 52．句意：他们根本负担不起去现代医院接受必要的医疗治疗。 根据前文提到的“eye problems”和“modern hospital”可知，这里指的是医院提供的医疗治疗。 53．句意：当奥比斯的飞机到达时，当地的医生和护士被邀请上飞机。 根据后文“Volunteer doctors ... teach them new skills”可知，奥比斯会邀请当地医护人员参与并接受培训。 54．句意：志愿者医生认真培训他们，并教他们新技能。 根据“teach them new skills”可知，志愿者医生是在培训当地医护人员。 55．句意：每次访问期间，数百名患者接受手术。 根据上下文提到的“eye problems”和“treated her eyes successfully”可知，这里指的是为患者进行眼部手术。 56．句意：其中一位患者，一个名叫Alina的女孩，多年来一直生活在完全的黑暗中。 根据后文“could not read or write”和“could see the beautiful world clearly for the first time”可知，她之前是失明的，生活在黑暗中。 57．句意：因为她严重的眼部疾病，她不得不待在家里，无法读写。 根据前文提到的“eye problems”和“treated her eyes successfully”可知，她患有严重的眼部疾病。 58．句意：她对志愿者们非常感激。 根据“Alina could see the beautiful world clearly for the first time”可知，她因为恢复视力而对志愿者心怀感激。 59．句意：慈善机构的工作真的很有意义。 根据后文“It brings light and hope to people.”可知，慈善工作给人们带来光明和希望，是有意义的。 60．句意：我们都应该支持它们。 根据前文对慈善机构积极作用的描述，这里呼吁大家支持慈善工作。 五、选词填空 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词正确形式填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。(提示：方框中有两个单词是多余的。) find、afford、 born、 because、 by、 attention、 goal、 with、found、 meaningful、 successfully、 provide Operation Smile was 61 in 1982. It is an international charity that 62 free surgeries for children who were born with cleft lips and palates (腭裂). Every year, thousands of such children are helped because they can’t 63 the expensive medical care. A true story comes from South Africa. Zivezile, a 36-year-old man, was 64 with a cleft condition. For a long time, he was bullied (霸凌) 65 of his appearance (外貌). But then, after his free surgery was performed 66 Operation Smile, his whole life was changed. “People can no longer recognize me. I’m able to go anywhere without fear,” he said joyfully with a big smile on his face. More and more children are being saved each year through this 67 program. So far, Operation Smile has 68 treated over 350,000 children worldwide. More and more people all over the world are paying 69 to this organization and taking part in its activities to help children in need. In the future, the organization hopes to offer its services to even more remote areas where help is needed most. That is the most important 70 they are working towards today. 【答案】61．founded 62．provides 63．afford 64．born 65．because 66．by 67．meaningful 68．successfully 69．attention 70．goal 【导语】本文讲述了国际慈善机构“微笑行动”的相关信息。 61．句意：微笑行动成立于1982年。根据“was...in 1982”可知，此处表示成立于1982年，使用动词found的过去分词，构成一般过去时的被动语态，表示“被建立”。 62．句意：它是一个国际慈善机构，为先天性唇腭裂的儿童提供免费手术。根据“It is an international charity that...free surgeries”可知，此处使用动词provide，表示“提供”，主语是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，所以动词用三单形式。 63．句意：每年都有成千上万这样的孩子得到帮助，因为他们负担不起昂贵的医疗费用。根据“the expensive medical care”可知，此处使用afford，表示“负担得起”，情态动词can’t后跟动词原形。 64．句意：Zivezile，一个36岁的男人，出生时就有唇腭裂。根据“was...with a cleft condition”可知，此处使用born，be born with“天生具有”。 65．句意：很长一段时间，他因为外貌而被欺负。根据“he was bullied...of his appearance”可知因为外貌而被欺负，此处使用because of，表示“因为”。 66．句意：但是后来，在微笑行动成功地为他做了免费手术后，他的整个人生都改变了。根据“his free surgery was performed...Operation Smile”可知，此处使用by，表示“被”，强调动作的执行者。 67．句意：每年都有越来越多的孩子通过这个有意义的项目得救。根据“program”可知，此处表示有意义的项目，使用形容词meaningful，表示“有意义的”，修饰名词。 68．句意：到目前为止，微笑行动已经成功地为全球35万多名儿童提供了治疗。根据“has...treated”可知已经成功地为全球35万多名儿童提供了治疗，此处使用副词successfully，表示“成功地”，修饰动词。 69．句意：全世界越来越多的人开始关注这个组织，并参与其活动，帮助有需要的儿童。根据“paying...to”可知，此处使用attention，pay attention to“关注”，固定搭配。 70．句意：这是他们今天努力实现的最重要的目标。根据“the most important”可知是指最重要的目标，此处使用名词goal，表示“目标”，此处用单数形式。 六、短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。 UNICEF is part of the United Nations. After World War Ⅱ, many children’s lives were c 71 greatly because of the terrible war and UNICEF wanted to help them. Now UNICEF works in over 190 countries and areas. It has helped build a better world for everyone, e 72 children all over the world. For example, in some poor areas, children don’t have c 73 water or food. Some of them even lose their lives from diseases. And many families can’t a 74 to send children to school. So UNICEF helps g 75 , communities and families to protect these children. It helps offer these children enough water and food. It wants all children to be h 76 and tries to prevent them from getting ill. It provides basic education and r 77 money for poor children in many countries. It helps them go to school. It also works for the equal r 78 of girls and women. “More money is needed to carry on with our work. UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities,” A local o 79 says. “Luckily, more and more people are supporting UNICEF by donating money or working as volunteers. Let’s work together to make a big d 80 to the world! We hope everyone can give a helping hand to us.” 【答案】71．changed/hanged 72．especially/specially 73．clean/lean 74．afford/fford 75．governments/overnments 76．healthy/ealthy 77．raises/aises 78．rights/ights 79．officer/fficer 80．difference/ifference 【导语】本文介绍了联合国儿童基金会UNICEF的成立背景、全球工作内容、援助方式及资金筹集途径。 71．句意：二战后，许多儿童的生活因可怕的战争而发生了巨大改变，联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。“because of the terrible war”表明许多儿童的生活发生了巨大改变，主语lives与“改变”是被动关系，且句中有“were”，需用过去分词构成被动语态；首字母c及“战争影响生活”的语境提示填changed。 72．句意：它为所有人，尤其是世界各地的儿童，建设了一个更美好的世界。前半句“for everyone”范围较广，后半句聚焦“children”，是递进强调关系；首字母e对应especially“尤其，特别”，起补充强调作用。 73．句意：例如，在一些贫困地区，儿童没有干净的水或食物。修饰名词water，需用形容词；结合“贫困地区缺水”的语境及首字母c提示填clean。 74．句意：而且许多家庭负担不起送孩子上学的费用。情态动词can’t后接动词原形；固定搭配afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，首字母提示a及“贫困家庭无法承担学费”的语境提示填afford。 75．句意：因此，联合国儿童基金会帮助政府、社区和家庭保护这些儿童。后文“communities and families”为并列的机构/群体，政府、社区、家庭是联合国儿童基金会合作的三方主体，符合机构工作逻辑，首字母g对应governments。 76．句意：它希望所有儿童都健康，并努力防止他们生病。be动词后接形容词作表语，keep healthy“保持健康”，且结合后文“prevent them from getting ill”及首字母h，填healthy。 77．句意：它为许多国家的贫困儿童提供基础教育并筹集资金。固定搭配raise money“筹集资金”，主语it指代UNICEF，为第三人称单数，需与前文provides时态保持一致，首字母r对应raises。 78．句意：它也为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作。形容词equal后接名词；结合首字母r及“平等权利”的语境，应填rights。 79．句意：一位当地官员说：“我们需要更多资金来继续开展工作。联合国儿童基金会通过售卖圣诞贺卡和组织其他活动来筹集资金。”形容词local后接名词；结合后文“says”的动作发出者及首字母o，对应officer。 80．句意：让我们一起努力，为世界带来巨大的改变！固定短语make a big difference“带来巨大影响/改变”，首字母d对应difference。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 7 Charities单元基础知识综合练习 (单词、短语、句型、语法) Part 1 核心知识梳理表 核心单词 1. found vt.创建;建立 2. medical adj.医疗的 3. interviewer n.采访者 4. aim n.目的,目标 5. patient n.病人 6. afford vt.能做,买得起 7. train vt.&vi.培训,训练 8. benefit vi.得益于,得利于vt.使受益 9. operate vi.动手术 10. treat vt.医治;以…方式对待 11. interview n.采访,访谈;面试 12. darkness n.黑暗 13. blind vt.使失明 14. addition n.增加;增加物 15. directly adv.直接 16. aim vt.&vi.力争做到;瞄准 17. benefit n.优势,益处,成效 18. champion n.捍卫者,声援者,拥护者;冠军 19. right n.权利 20. healthcare n.医疗(服务) 21. progress n.进步,进展 22. spread n.传播,散布,扩展,蔓延 23. virus n.病毒 24. war n.战争;斗争 核心短语 1. go to hospital去医院看病 2. benefit from从…… 中受益 3. on board在飞机上(或船上、火车上) 4. operate on(给…)做手术 5. carry on with继续做 6. with the aim of doing目的是做某事 7. in addition(to) 除…以外(还) 8. hand out分发 9. miss out(on) 错失(机会) 10. eye care 眼睛保健 11. millions of 数百万的 12. do operations 做手术 高频句子 1. It was founded in 1982.它建立于1982 年。 2. There are about 6,000 medicalvolunteers in this organization.这个组织大约有6,000名医疗志愿者。 3. However,many people don't havemoney for medicaltreatment.然而,许多人没有钱接受医学治疗。 4. I couldn't afford to go to hospital, and I was losing hope.我没钱去医院,并且快要失去希望了。 5. But we need more money to carryon with our work.但我们需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。 6. I'm sure this interview will helpmore people understand and supportyour important work.我相信这次访谈将帮助更多的人理解和支持你的重要工作。 7. People can help by donating moneyor working as volunteers.人们可以通过捐款或做志愿者来提供帮助。 8. She used to work on the farm all day and could not read or write.她过去整天在农场干活,不会读写。 核心语法 被动语态概念:当句子主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者时,句子用被动语态。表达“主语被... ...”的意义。 一般现在时被动语态: 1) 肯定句:主语(动作的承受者)+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)。 2) 否定句:主语(动作的承受者)+am/is/are + not+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)。 3) 一般疑问句:Am/ls/Are+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)? 4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)? 一般过去时被动语态: 1) 肯定句:主语(动作的承受者)+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)。 2) 否定句:主语(动作的承受者)+was/were + not+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)。 3) 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)? 4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语(动作的承受者)+及物动词的过去分词+其他(+ by sb./sth.)? Part 2 核心知识综合练习 一、单项选择 1.Some useful books and pens _ for the poor students in the mountain village last month. A.provided B.was provided C.were provided D.are provided 2.Because of the heavy rainstorm, visitors in Qingdao _ to stay away from the beach yesterday. A.warned B.are warned C.were warned 3._ this kind of car _ in China? A.Is; made B.Will; be make C.Does; make D.Is; make 4.Chinese _ by Miss Wang three years ago. A.was taught B.is taught C.will be taught 5.Students are not _ to bring their mobile phones to school. A.allowed B.allowing C.allows D.allow 6.The old woman was lost. She _ to her home by a policeman. A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is taken 7.The _ asked the doctor many questions about the medical team. A.patient B.interviewer C.champion D.organization 8.— What a nice watch! Where did you buy it? — I bought it in a shop near my home. It _ in Switzerland. A.makes B.is made C.made D.was made 9.—Oh, dear! It’s difficult for me to finish so much work in such a short time. —Try to be _, Linda. I believe you can do it. A.crazy B.friendly C.patient D.correct 10.This kind of _ is very useful for patients with eye problems. A.treatment B.champion C.addition D.right 11.Please help me _ these leaflets to the students. A.hand out B.carry on C.go to D.operate 12.You can call me _ if you need help. A.directly B.really C.recently D.clearly 13._, we need more volunteers to help us. A.In addition B.On board C.Go to hospital D.Hand out 14.We must _ working hard to realize our dream. A.carry on B.hand out C.go to D.miss out 15.The doctor will _ on the patient tomorrow morning. A.operate B.cure C.train D.interview 二、单词拼写 16.Education is provided by our country as of a _ (权利). 17.When the basketball player appeared in front of the Great Hall of the People, a lot of _ (采访者) gathered around him and asked him a lot of questions. 18.The new regulations will be of _ (好处) to everyone concerned. 19.Clean water is _ (提供) for the villagers by the government. 20.John saved money each month so that he could _ (支付得起) to go on a trip to Hainan. 21.Many _ (病人) with eye problems can not afford operations, so charities like Operation Smile come to help them. 22.She spent 1 year _ (训练) to become a professional nurse before she started working. 23.现代医学能治愈大多数眼病。 _ _ can cure most eye problems. 24.Most v_ can be found and killed by our immune system (免疫系统) as soon as they enter our bodies. 25.The project will c_ on till more people get help. 26.Many people donate money to s_ international charities. 27.We should try to i_ the living conditions of poor kids. 28.The doctor advised him to receive regular m_ check-ups to stay healthy. 29.The main a_ of this project is to improve healthcare in rural areas. 30.The nurse is very g_ to the sick people. 31.We are _ (grate) to all the kind people. 32.The international conference _ (hold) in our city every year to improve cross-cultural communication. 33.—I hear the ticket price to the show last weekend _ (rise) by 15%. —Yes. So more money _ (raise) that day. 34.Nowadays most young people get used to _ (pay) with apps like Alipay and WeChat Pay. 35.We can help the children by _ (organize) a donation. 36.We should treat the old _ (direct) and kindly. 37.The _ (interview) is asking the doctor some questions. 38.He has made great _ (progress) in his study. 39.The _ (organize) helps poor people around the world. 40.They need more _ (train) to be good volunteers. 三、完成句子 41.通过不懈努力,联合国儿童基金会在为儿童创造更美好世界的道路上取得了巨大进展。 Through its great efforts, UNICEF _ _ great progress to create a better world for children. 42.这个组织旨在为贫困地区的人们提供医疗帮助。 The _ _ to provide medical help for people in poor areas. 43.我们的许多病人负担不起去医院的费用,所以我们必须去他们那里。 Many of our patients _ _ _ go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 44.世界上有超过10亿人患有不同种类的眼病。 Over one billion people around the world _ _ _ different kinds of eye problems. 45.这场战争让数十亿人失去了家园和权利。 The _ made _ of people lose their homes and _. 46.黑暗中,这个病人错失了接受手术的机会。 In the _, the patient _ _ _ the chance of operation. 47.除此之外,我还需要一些传单来分发。 _ _, I need some leaflets to hand out. 48.我们应该继续开展眼睛保健活动来帮助盲人。 We should _ _ eye care activities to help blind people. 49.很多人因为战争而错失受教育的机会。 Many people _ _ on the chance of education because of the war. 50.他感激那些为他做手术的医生们。 He is _ _ the doctors who operated on him. 四、完形填空 Charities play a very important role in our world today. They are set up to help people in need. Last year, I learned about a wonderful medical organization called Orbis. It uses a special flying eye hospital to visit poor areas and treat patients with eye problems. Many people in these poor areas are suffering from blindness. They simply cannot 51 to go to a modern hospital for necessary 52 treatment. When the Orbis plane arrives, local doctors and nurses are 53 on board. Volunteer doctors 54 them carefully and teach them new skills. During each visit, hundreds of patients are 55 on. One of the patients, a young girl named Alina, lived in complete 56 for years. Because of her serious eye 57 , she had to stay at home and could not read or write. Luckily, an Orbis doctor treated her eyes successfully. When they took off the bandages, Alina could see the beautiful world clearly for the first time. She was so 58 to the volunteers. Now, Alina goes to school happily every day. She studies hard and hopes to become a doctor in the future to help others. The work of charities is truly 59 . It brings light and hope to people. We should all 60 them. 51.A.afford B.choose C.agree D.refuse 52.A.physical B.medical C.natural D.magical 53.A.invited B.pushed C.forced D.punished 54.A.hurt B.train C.catch D.leave 55.A.carried B.passed C.operated D.depended 56.A.peace B.silence C.danger D.darkness 57.A.disease B.test C.lesson D.habit 58.A.polite B.grateful C.sorry D.strange 59.A.meaningless B.terrible C.meaningful D.boring 60.A.support B.forget C.doubt D.stop 五、选词填空 阅读下面短文,用方框中所给单词正确形式填空,使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有两个单词是多余的。) find、afford、 born、 because、 by、 attention、 goal、 with、found、 meaningful、 successfully、 provide Operation Smile was 61 in 1982. It is an international charity that 62 free surgeries for children who were born with cleft lips and palates (腭裂). Every year, thousands of such children are helped because they can’t 63 the expensive medical care. A true story comes from South Africa. Zivezile, a 36-year-old man, was 64 with a cleft condition. For a long time, he was bullied (霸凌) 65 of his appearance (外貌). But then, after his free surgery was performed 66 Operation Smile, his whole life was changed. “People can no longer recognize me. I’m able to go anywhere without fear,” he said joyfully with a big smile on his face. More and more children are being saved each year through this 67 program. So far, Operation Smile has 68 treated over 350,000 children worldwide. More and more people all over the world are paying 69 to this organization and taking part in its activities to help children in need. In the future, the organization hopes to offer its services to even more remote areas where help is needed most. That is the most important 70 they are working towards today. 六、短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示,在空白处填入适当的单词。 UNICEF is part of the United Nations. After World War , many children’s lives were c 71 greatly because of the terrible war and UNICEF wanted to help them. Now UNICEF works in over 190 countries and areas. It has helped build a better world for everyone, e 72 children all over the world. For example, in some poor areas, children don’t have c 73 water or food. Some of them even lose their lives from diseases. And many families can’t a 74 to send children to school. So UNICEF helps g 75 , communities and families to protect these children. It helps offer these children enough water and food. It wants all children to be h 76 and tries to prevent them from getting ill. It provides basic education and r 77 money for poor children in many countries. It helps them go to school. It also works for the equal r 78 of girls and women. “More money is needed to carry on with our work. UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities,” A local o 79 says. “Luckily, more and more people are supporting UNICEF by donating money or working as volunteers. Let’s work together to make a big d 80 to the world! We hope everyone can give a helping hand to us.” 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $