期末语法专项练习 2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级下册

**基本信息** 以“概念-规则-应用”逻辑链系统整合冠词、连词等8大语法模块，通过口诀、易错点提示及中考真题实现语言能力与思维品质的协同培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |冠词|31填空+17翻译+16中考题|定冠词13类用法表、a/an辨析口诀|从特指/泛指到固定搭配，覆盖节日、乐器等文化场景| |连词|5填空+10选择+2汉译英|“祈使句+and/or”转换技巧、就近原则|并列/转折/选择连词分类，结合语境应用| |时态/代词/情态动词等|每模块含20+练习+5-15中考题|现在分词变化规则、反身代词搭配、情态动词推测用法|从语法形式到语义功能，构建“规则-辨析-迁移”路径|

2026新沪教牛津七下英语期末专项 语法精讲精练 1. 定冠词(the)的主要用法 1.在same, only, very等词前 the same person ; the on ly ch i ld ; the very person 2.在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前面;在独一无二的名词前 the Rocky Mountains ; the Yangtze River ; the At lant ic Ocean ; the sun ; the earth ; the moon 3.指前面提到过的人或事物 Here is a car factory. My father works in the factory. 4.用在世纪或逢十的复数年代前 in the 21st century ; in the 1990s 5.西洋乐器前 p lay the gu itar ; p lay the viol in ; p lay the p iano 6.用在某些专用名词前 the Peop le's Repub l ic of Ch ina ; the United Nat ions 7.中国传统节日前 the Spr ing Fest ival, the Dragon Boat Fest ival, the Doub le Ninth Fest ival, the Mid-Autumn Fest ival 8.用在姓氏的复数名词前表一家人 the Greens 9.序数词、形容词最高级和方位词前 He won the first pr ize ; in the east ; on the right ; in the midd le 10.某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人 the r ich, the s ick, the old, the young, the d isabled 11.指彼此都知道的人或事物 Open the door, p lease. 12.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物 The man over there is our Eng l ish teacher. 13.固定搭配 in the morn ing, in the afternoon, by the way, at the age of , in the end ; in the future ; the day before yesterday, the other ( 2. 不用冠词(零冠词)的主要用法 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 2.在非中国传统节日、星期、月份、季节前 Spr ing is the best season in the year ; Ch i ldren's Day 3.名词前面有this, that, my, your, some, any, no等限定词时不加冠词 Th is is my book. 4.称呼语或表示头衔的名词前不加冠词 What's th is, Mother? 5.三餐名词前一般不加冠词 have breakfast/lunch/d inner 6.与by连用的交通工具名词前不加冠词 by bus/bike/car/train/p lane 1.球类,棋类,语言,三餐不加冠词 We have lunch at school. I l ike to p lay basketball. He can speak Eng l ish very well. I p layed chess with h im just now. 3. 不定冠词(a, an)的主要用法 ( an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前 That's an interest ing fi lm. a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前 Ch ina has a history of more than 5000 years . ) 易错点: u:发元音/ /时,前面用an;发辅音/ju:/时,前面用a h:不发音时,后面若是元音,则用an 字母独立出现时,需要根据字母的发音来判断。如f, h, m, n, s, x前用an , an MP3 示例: an umbrella, an unhappy boy, an honest boy, an hour, an honorable man, It's an honor to talk with you. a university, a useful book, a usual day, a unique story, a uniform, a used car, a European country There is a "k" and an "f" in the word "knife." ( 4. unit 1冠词同步练习 用适当的冠词a, an , the 填空, 不填的请划"/": 1. There is a big cup on desk. ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 2. January is first month of a year. 3. He joined the army in spring of 1995. 4. Take medicine three times a day. 5. It's too hot. Open door, please. 6. old man is teacher. He likes playing basketball after supper. 7. He often goes home by bike. 8. On way to school, she saw little dog. 9. There is picture of elephant on wall. 10. We saw a tree on top of the mountain. 11. Thomas Edison was one of greatest inventors in world. 12. Man is only animal that can talk. 13. Is this house older of the two? 14. earth moves around sun. 15. I live in northeast of China. 16. There are sixty minutes in hour. 17. honest boy is Jim. 18. They came here by plane. 19. They have son and daughter son is a doctor and daughter is a teacher. 20. orange is orange. 21. It's just a short distance from here to restaurant. 22. Doing exercise an hour day helps keep us fit. 23. Do you know a spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometers second? 24. I like color of your coat. I'll buy blouse like this color. 25. It is a good habit to go to bed early and get up early. 26. This is a useful dictionary, I think. And it's unusual one. 27. There is American boy in our class and boy can speak good Chinese. 28. Mary was born in 1998 and she began to play guitar at the age of seven. 29. He has bought MP5 MP5 cost him 200 yuan. 30. -What's matter with you? -He has toothache. 31. The third Sunday of June is Father's Day. It's special day for children to show their love to their fathers. 翻译下列常含有定冠词the的习惯用语: 1. 在早上 2. 在下午 3. 在傍晚 4. 前天 5 的数目 6. 一直 7. 全世界 8. 此刻 9. 在…的开始 10. 在…的后面 11. 在…岁时 12. 最后 13. 在过去 14. 在未来 15. 到…为止 16. 顺便问一下 17. 另一方面 18. 在电话中 19. 在去…的路上 20. 在…的帮助下 21. 与…相同 22. 在…中央 中考链接: 1. In autumn, we often go for an outing at weekends. A.the B./ C.an D.a 2. (2023 湖南岳阳)Hangzhou will hold 19th Asian Games. A.a B.an C./ D.the 3. (2023 湖南岳阳)Hangzhou is capital of Zhejiang. A.a B.an C.the D./ 4. (2023 江苏扬州)Yangzhou is city full of history, culture and mouthwatering food. A.the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;/ 5. (2023 天津)My mother is making apple pie and I want to try piece. A.a;an B.a;不填 C.an;a D.an;不填 6. (2023 湖南怀化)The C919 is large plane made by China. A.a B.an C.the D./ 7. (2023 江苏连云港)China is country with a history of more than 5,000 years. A.the B.a C.an D./ 8. The 31st Summer Universiade is big event for Chengdu. A.a B.an C.the D./ 9. (2023 广东广州二模)—Have you ever worked as volunteer during the COVID- 19 pandemic? —Yes. It was unforgettable experience for me. A.an;an B.an;a C.a;an D.the,an 10. (2023 四川凉山)Chinese tea culture started about 4,000 years ago. Nowadays drinking tea has become daily habit in China. A.a B.an C.the D./ 11. (2022 甘肃甘南)We know that there is "U" in the word "usually". A.a B.an C.the 12. (2022 内蒙古)I think playing football is good way to learn the spirit of teamwork. A.a;the B./;a C.the;a D./;the 13. (2022 广东广州一模)My headteacher always teaches me to be honest student. A.the B./ C.an D.a 14. (2022 山东青岛)—Who is woman in the photo? —She is a famous writer. A.a B.an C.the D./ 15. (2022 天津)After school, I often play basketball with my friends. A.a B.an C./ D.the 16. (2022 广西百色)I usually play piano on weekends. A.a B.an C.the D./ 1. 专有名词 英语中的专有名词表示特定的人名、地名、机构或组织名、书名、节日名或者日期名等的专用名称。 专有名词前一般不加冠词,并且每个单词的首字母都需要大写,但其中的虚词,如冠词、介词等的首字母一般不大写,也可以将所有的字母都大写。注意,普通名词构成的专有名词前面需要加定冠词。 ( Name of peop le Sally Webb , Mrs Jacob , Xiao Ling ) Name of p laces France, the Louvre Museum, the Beij ing Rai lway Stat ion Organ izat ions the Red Cross, the United Nat ions, the Wor ld Trade Organ izat ion Days of the week Tuesday, Friday Months January, March, September Hol idays The Spr ing Fest ival, the Mid-autumn Fest ival, Chr istmas 专有名词的特征: 1. 一般情况下,专有名词的第一个字母要大写,前面不用不定冠词"a"或"an",通常没有复数形式。 2. 组织结构和中国传统的节日前,要加冠词The。 3. 国家名是由多个名词组成,要加冠词the;专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。 4. 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示某一家人(复数含义)。如the Greens(格林一家) K即学即练】 1. ( ) Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on Day. A. woman B. Women C. Woman's D. Women's 2. 并列连词 转 折 wh i le 然而,用于对比关系 I l ike tea, wh i le she l ikes coffee. 转 折 but 但是 He goes to school not by bus, but on foot. 并 列 and 和,并且 My father and mother went for a walk. 并 列 neither…nor 既不 也不 Neither my father nor my mother is a doctor. 并 列 as well as 既…,又… She can speak German as well as Eng l ish. 选 择 either or 或者 或者 Either you or I can get the computer. 并 列 both and …和… ; (两者)都 Both my father and my mother are teachers. 转 折 however 然而,需用逗号隔开 It's cold. However, we shou ld go there. 结 果 so 因此;所以 I am late, so I wi ll take a taxi to work. 并 列 not on ly but also 不但…,而且… She is not on ly a s inger but also a dancer. 选 择 or 或者;还是 Wou ld you l ike fish or pork? and的用法拓展: "祈使句+and+陈述句"表示条件与结果,可与"If条件句+主句"互换使用。 Work hard and your future is not a dream. = If you work hard, your future is not a dream. so的用法: so意为"因此、所以",表示因果关系。注意so不能和because用在同一个句子里。 He got up late, so he didn't catch the school bus. Because he is fat, so he can't run fast. (语法错误) or的用法: or意为"或者、否则",也可以用来连接两个句子,表示选择关系。 当or表示"和"时,用于否定句或疑问句中;而and用于肯定句中。 "祈使句+or+陈述句"表示"否则" Hurry up, or you will be late. = If you don't hurry up, you will be late. neither. . . nor. . , either. . .or. . . , not only. . but also. . .的就近原则: 谓语动词与靠近的主语一致。 Neither my father nor my mother is a doctor. Not only the teachers but also the students come. Either you or I am wrong. 3. unit 2 专有名词和并列连词同步练习 一、单句语法填空 (用适当的连词填空) : 1. Study hard you will pass the exam. 2. It was snowing, I could not go out. 3. I like the computer very much, it is too expensive. I can't afford it. 4. My favourite subjects are art Chinese. 5. It is very cold, those students are still having P.E. class in the playground. 6. My mother is ill, I have to stay at home and look after her. 二、单项选择: 1. Think it over, you'll work out the Maths problem. A. or B. so C. for D. and 2. Ben was busy taking a training class, we had to wait for him for half an hour. A. so B. if C. or D. but 3. Confucius once said, "Everything has beauty, not everyone sees it." A. but B. or C. and D. so 4. -Which do you prefer, tea coffee? -Tea, please. A. but B. or C. and D. so 5. -Lina, spend more time talking with your parents, they may not well understand you. -Don't worry, Granny. A. but B. and C. or D. so 三、语法填空: Athens is one of the biggest cities in Europe. And it is also 1. capital of Greece. Most 2. (tour) come here for famous scenery. 四、单项选择 (第二组) : 1. -John, work hard you will make such progress. -Dad, I will try my _. A. but;better B. and;best C. so;best 2. Money is important it's not the most important thing. A. and B. but C. so 3. Maria didn't catch the last bus, she had to walk home. A. and B. so C. but 4. -Anna, you wear a new dress today! -It fits me well, the colour is not my favourite. A. but B.so C. and 5. -Would you like to come to my party on Saturday, Sam? -I'd love to, I can't. I have to take a piano lesson. A. and B. but C. or 五、汉译英填空: 1. 上周我们去参观了故宫博物馆,我学到了很多明朝和清朝的历史知识。 Last week, we visited and learnt a lot of history knowledge about and dynasties. 2. 格林一家打算下个暑假去肯尼亚。 are going to go to Kenya next summer holiday. 1. 现在进行时知识一览 ( 意义: 现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。动作发生的时间是"现在", 动作目前的 状态是"正在进行中"。 句子结构: 主语 + is / am / are + doing (现在分词) ) 基本用法: 1. 现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。例句:They are playing basketball now. 2. 目前正在进行,而此刻不一定进行的动作。例句:We're making model planes these days. 时间状语: 1. now, right now 2. at this/the moment 3. Look! Listen! Be quiet! 4. these days 如今 2. 动词现在分词规则变化 一般情况 加-ing work—working ; listen—listening ; study—studying 重读闭音节结尾的动词 双写词尾辅音 字母加-ing run—running ; put—putting ; begin—beginning ; swim— swimming ; cut—cutt ing ; travel—travell ing 以不发音字母e结尾 去e,再加-ing write—writing ; make—making ; hope—hoping 以ie结尾 变ie为y再加- ing lie—lying ; tie—tying ; die—dying 3. 相关句型 否定式 She isn't watch ing TV. I am not watch ing TV. You are not watch ing TV. 主语 第三人称单数 第一人称单数 第二人称及第一三人称复数 疑问式 Is she watch ing TV? Are you watch ing TV? Are you watch ing TV? 简略回答 Yes, she is./No, she isn't. Yes, I am./No, I'm not. Yes, we are./No, we aren't. 肯定式 She is watch ing TV. I am watch ing TV. You are watch ing TV. 句型公式: 肯定句: 主语 + is/am/are + doing + 其它. 否定句: 主语 + is/am/are + not + doing + 其它. 一般疑问句: Is/Are/Am + 主语 + doing + 其它? 答语: Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. / No, 主语 + am not/isn't/aren't. 4. unit 3 现在进行时同步练习 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式和现在分词形式: ski, read, sing, dance, play, run, swim, write, begin, shop, die, interview, put, act, buy, stop, live, produce, come, take, travel, forget 二、用所给动词的正确时态填空: 1. Don't shout. Grandpa (sleep) now. 2. Listen! The birds (sing) in the tree. 3. He (come) here yesterday. 4. It's ten o'clock. The students (have) classes. 5. She often (help) others. 6. He (not go) to work because he was ill. 7. Look! The policeman (run) after a thief in the street. 8. We (plant) trees every year. We (plant) trees now. 9. -Mum, where (be) Dad? -He (water) the flowers in the garden. 10. - the car (belong) to Bob? -I (not think) so. 11. The stone (feel) cold. But they (sit) on it and talking now. 12. The Smiths (fly) to Beijing tonight. 13. The train (leave) in a few minutes. Please be quick. 14. The river (smell) terrible. Who (throw) the rubbish into it? 15. Listen, they (talk) in the next room. 16. My parents (visit) Hong Kong this week. 17. Look! A man (sit) in front of your house. 18. Hurry up! The bus (come). 三、按要求完成句子: 1. They are swimming in the pool. (改为否定句) They in the pool. 2. Lisa is walking across the street. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) across the street? -Yes, 3. Mike cleans his room every day. (改为一般疑问句) Mike his room every day? 4. Lisa is singing over there. (对画线部分提问) over there? 5. The boy is having breakfast in the living room. (对画线部分提问) the boy in the living room? 6. I'm doing my homework. (改为一般疑问句) you your homework? 7. She lives in Beijing. (对画线部分提问) she live? 8. He wants to join the Art Club. (对画线部分提问) he want to join? 9. He often goes to school by bike. (改为同义句) He often a bike school. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子, 每空一词: 10. 他每天弹钢琴两个小时。He for two hours every day. 11. 听!谁正在隔壁拉小提琴?Listen! Who the violin in the next room? 12. 他和几个朋友正在看电影。He with some friends a film now. 五、中考链接: 1. It's six o'clock in the morning. Many people in the park. A.are dancing B.dance C. is dancing D.dances 2. Look! The reporter an interview the famous writer. A.does;with B. is doing;with C. is doing;in D.does;to 3. Listen! Somebody is at the door. A.standing B.knocking C.sitting D.greeting 4. Don't take the dictionary away. I it. A.use B.used C.am using D.have used 5. I have to be off now. My friends outside. A.are waiting B.wait C.will wait D.waited 1. 人称代词 ( 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he / she / it him / her / it they them 第一人称 I me we us ) 主格做主语,放在动词前;宾格做宾语,放在动词后或介词后。 【即学即练】 1. We like (he, his, him)very much. 2. (He, Him, His)and I often play table tennis together. 3. The music will be good for (I, me, my, mine) 4. My brother and (he, his, him)are going to USA this summer. 5. Please give (they, them, their)to (she, her) 6. Yesterday a policeman stopped (we, our, us) 7. He speaks English to (they, them, theirs) 2. 物主代词 ( 形物代 my your his / her / its our your their 名物代 mine yours his / hers ours yours theirs ) 用法说明: 形容词性物主代词后加名词 ,名词性物主代词后不加名词。 形物代+名词=名物代,如:This is his car. = This car is his. 注意"of+名词性物主代词"或"of+名词所有格" a friend of hers 她朋友中的一个 a friend of Lily's Lily朋友中的一个 3. 反身代词 ( 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself , herself , itself themselves ) 记忆口诀: 一, 二形容三宾格。 反身代词的用法: ①做宾语,起反射作用: I can look after myself. 我可以照顾自己。(和主语一致) ②做主语或宾语的同位语,强调作用:You yourself can have a try. 你自己可以试一下。 常用反身代词的搭配: talk/say to oneself 自言自语 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 come to oneself 苏醒 devote oneself to 致力于 teach oneself = learn...by oneself 自学 dress oneself 穿衣 by oneself 亲自 help yourself/yourselves to sth 自便 4. 方位介词 在 中间 in the midd le of The Peop le's Square stands in the midd le of the city. 在 上 on The boat is on the r iver. 在 下 under Your shoes are under the chair. 在 上 over There is a bridge over the r iver. 在…附近 next to My house is next to school. 在 前 in front of The dog is in front of car. 在 中间 between A and B I s it between Andy and Mary. 在 下 below We are below the moon. 在…附近 near I l ive near the school. 在…对面 opposite/across from There's a school just across from our house. 在 前 in the front of The man stands in the front of the room. 沿着… along/up/down walk along/up/down the street. 横过… across Let's go across the road. 在 后 beh ind beh ind the tree 靠近 by Our house is by the r iver. 在 上 above The p lane is above the clouds. 在 里 in There is a sma ll cat in the box. 穿过 through They saw the boys through the hole of the door. 在…左/右 on one's left/right My mother stands on my left. 5. 时间介词 关于on+日期: on my ninth birthday 在我九岁生日那天 on Teachers' Day 在教师节 on Sunday 在周日,on Sunday morning 在周日早晨 on June 2nd 在六月二日 on the morning of June 2nd 在六月二日的早晨 on a rainy morning 在一个多雨的早晨 on a certain day 在某天 关于in+年月季: in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代 in spring 在春天 in three years 在三年后(将来时) in time 及时;on time 准时 in the future 在将来;in future 从今以后 in 2010 在2010年 in a day or two 在一两天内 in his eighties 在他八十多岁时 in June, 2010 在2010年六月 in June 在六月 in the day(time) 在白天 关于at+点钟: at 6:00 在六点 at Christmas 在圣诞节时 at the end/beginning of 上学期结束/开始 at times 偶尔 at this time/moment 在这个时间 at the same time 同时 at breakfast/lunch/dinner 在早餐/午餐/晚餐时 6. unit 4 代词和介词同步练习 一、完成表格: 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 反身代词 二、翻译下列含反身代词的短语: 1. 玩得开心 2. 自学 3. 随便吃点 4. 苏醒过来 5. 独自 6. 自己穿衣 7. 自言自语 8. 自我介绍 三、根据句意, 用反身代词完成下列句子: 1. Jane made a meal for last night. 2. The machine can work 3. The kids are old enough to look after very well. 4. After work, she walked home 5. Help to some candies, girls and boys. 6. All of us enjoyed at Mary's birthday party last month. 7. Bil l is a clever boy. He taught French in his free time. 8. The poor man said to again and again, "Give me my house." 四、根据中文, 用适当的方位介词填空: 1. There is a big garden (在……的前面) his house. 2. Who was (在……的后面) you when you were waiting in a line? 3. What is (在……的下面) the bed? 4. They are playing hide-and-seek. Lili is hiding herself (在……里) the box. 5. The beautiful girl in the cinema sat (在……的旁边) me. 6. Beijing is the north of China. 7. The twins usually stand their parents, and their parents are in the middle. 8. There is a map of China the wall of our classroom. 9. Before 2000, there was no airline the two cities. 10. The boy was sitting Tina, so she couldn't see the film clearly. 11. She will leave her homework the teacher's desk after school today. 12. You must ride your bike the right side of the road. 13. Mr. Smith lives that building. His house is the fifth floor. 14. There was an exciting moment in our class when a large bird flew the room. 15. The boy is taller than his friend, so he sits his friend in the classroom. 16. A ship was passing a bridge. 17. Two planes flew the city just now. 18. Do you see a kite the building? 19. We can see a river running to the west the foot of the hill. 20. The man stands the window, looking at the boy playing in the garden. 五、中考链接: 1. The most important to is that I must work in an area I like. A.I B.me C.my D.mine 2. When Jiang was a little kid, her parents began teaching to read lips. A.she B.her C.hers D.herself 3. Believe in and you can overcome your shyness. A.you B.your C.yourself D.yours 4. We apologized and went for own ways. A.we B.us C.our D.ours 5. (2023 四川成都)As a great woman, Zhang Guimei taught many things that touched our hearts. A.them B.us C.you D.herself 6. (2023 成都)We are proud that Shenzhou 15 rose into the sky the night of Nov 29, 2022. A. in B.on C.at 1. 不定代词分类 不定代词包括:some, any, no, both, al l, either, neither等和由some, any, n0与one, body, thing等构成的复合不定代词,如:someone, anybody, nothing等。 2. 复合不定代词 ( some 一些(可数或不可 数) something 某物/某事 ; someone / somebody 某人 一般用于肯定句 any 一些,任何(可数 或不可数) anything 任何事物 ; anyone / anybody 任何人 多用于否定句、疑问句或 条件状语从句中 no 没有,无 nothing 无物 ; nobody / no one 无一 人 修饰可数或不可数名词 ) ( every 每个,所有的 everything 一切 ; everyone / everybody 每人 强调共性,词义和 all 相近 ) 拓展 1. 复合不定代词后加形容词或else 2. 复合不定代词当单数使用,后谓语用三单形式 3. some, any和no some(一些)通常用在肯定句中。但在疑问句中,若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求,用some。如:Would you like some water? no用在肯定句中表示否定。如: I have no money. = I don't have any money. o 拓展: no = not. . . any; nothing = not. . . anything; nobody = not. . . anybody ( 4. few/a few/I it tle/a I it tle的用法 ) too many 太多 +可数名词复数 too many peop le too much 太多 +不可数名词 too much homework a little 一些 +不可数名词 表示肯定 few 很少,几乎没有 +可数名词复数 表示否定,"几乎没有" little 很少,几乎没有 +不可数名词 表示否定,"几乎没有" a few 几个,一些 +可数名词复数 表示肯定 much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 much too d ifficu lt 5. both, al I, none的用法 ( none 用于三者或以上 都不 接可数名词时谓语可用单数或 复数 None of them is / are right . all 用于三者或以上都 接可数名词复数时,谓语用复 数 Students in our class all l ike read ing. both 两者都 both and 后谓语用复数 Lucy has two ch i ldren. Both are g ir ls. ) ( 6. either , neither 的用法 ) ( either 两者中任一 个 either or 或者 或者 ,谓语就近 原则 Either you or I am wrong . neither 两者都不 neither nor 既不 也不 ,谓语就 近原则 Neither he nor I am a student . ) 7. another, other, the other, others, the others的区别 ( another 另一个 表示三者或以上的"另一个",搭配为 one another others 其他 三者或以上的另一些,搭配为 some , others the others 另一些 两者中的另一些,搭配为 some the others other 其他的 other +名词= others the other 另一个 两者中的另一个,搭配为 one the other ) 拓展 one another = each other 互相 ( 8. it , one , that 的区别 ) it 同类同物 Your phone is so cool, where d id you buy it? (your phone) one 同类异物=a/an+单数名词(泛指) I want to buy one. (= a phone) that 同类异物=the+名词(特指) The weather in Beij ing is cooler than that in Shenzhen. (the weather) 9. each, every的区别 ( each 强调个体,可作代词和形容词,可跟 of 短语 every 强调整体,只能作形容词,不能跟 of 短语 ) 10. unit 5 不定代词同步练习 一、选择题 1. -Which of these two sweaters will you take? -I'll take They look nearly the same, and I just need one. A.both B.either C.none D.all 2. -Which do you like better, skating or skiing? - of them. I like running. A.All B.Both C.Either D.Neither 3. -I hear a new film is on these days. Shall we go to the cinema together, Lucy and Lily? - Lily I will go with you because one of us must be at home. A.Either,nor B.Either,or C.Neither,nor D.Both,and 4. -There is a flower show in the park. When would you like to go, Saturday or Sunday? - is OK. I'm free these two days. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.None 5. -Are your parents doctors, too? -No, they are teachers of them love teaching very much. A.All B.Both C.None D.Neither 6. Which do you like better, a CD player or an MP3? I prefer a new computer. A.Both B.Neither C.None D.Either 7. -I can't decide which shirt to choose. - the blue one the white one is OK. They look nice on you. A.Both,and B.Either,or C.Neither,nor 8. The cake is delicious! Can I have piece, please? A.other B.another C.others D.the other 9. There are twenty-eight students in the class. Ten of them are girls and are boys. A.others B.the other C.the others D.other 10. Tom, you should know how to get on well with A.another B.others C.the other D.other 二、单项选择 (综合) : 1. -Do you have water? -Yes, I have A.many;some B.some;any C.any;any D.any;some 2. -Which do you prefer, red, white or blue? - I think I like black. A.None B.Neither C.Both D.Either 3. My sister has two skirts. One is yellow, is black. A.other B.another C.others D.the other 4. The children don't like this story, please tell them A.another B.the other C.others D.the others 5. My father is ill in bed. I have to look after at home. A.he B.his C.him D.himself 6. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forget to bring food. -It doesn't matter. You can have _. A.me B.us C.our D.ours 7. This is our new house is over there. Let's go and have a look. A.Theirs B.They C.Them D.Their 8. -Is this football, boys? -No, it is not A.your,mine B.yours,my C.yours,our D.your,ours 9. There are many people in the park. Many of are young. A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 10. Peter is my best friend. He often helps with maths. A.me B.you C.him D.her 11. -Sam, who teaches Chinese? -Mrs. White. She has lived in China for years. _ Chinese is very good. A.you;Her B.your;Her C.you;Hers D.your;She 12. I have six coloured pencils; one is blue, another is red, and are green. A.others B.another C.the others 13. There is water here; but there are quite empty glasses. A. little;a few B.few;little C.few;a few D. little;a little 14. The skirt is She made it A.hers;herself B.her;herself C.herself;hers D.herself;her 15. Haven't you forgotten ? A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything 16. Be quiet! I have to tell you. A. important anything B.anything important C. important something D.something important 17. My father is very busy with his work. He has time to do the housework. A. little B.few C.a little D.a few 18. There are some trees on side of the street. A.both B.all C.either D.every 19. The boy promised mother never to lie to again. A.his;him B.her;her C.her;him D.his;her 20. -Would you like some milk in your tea? -Yes, just A.much B.a little C.a few D. little 21. school is much larger than A.Their;our B.Their;ours C.Theirs;ours D.Theirs;our 22. Put it down, Richard. You mustn't read letter. A.anyone's else's B.anyone's else C.anyone else's D.anyone else 23. He found very interesting to r ide a horse. A.this B.that C. it D.which 24. Han Meimei, what about to eat? A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything 25. office is much smaller than A.Ours;yours B.Our;yours C.Theirs;our D.Your;their 26. "Help to some meat, Mary," my aunt said to me. A.themselves B.ourselves C.yourself D.himself 27. There are twenty teachers in this grade. Eight of them are women teachers and are men teachers. A.the other B.the others C.others D.other 28. -Your scarf looks very beautiful. Where did you buy ? -In Suzhou. Do you want to have like this? A. it;one B. it;it C.one;one D.one;it 29. The weather in Beijing is colder than in Guangzhou. A.one B. it C.this D.that 1. 情态动词的用法 1. 情态动词具有一定的词义,但不能独立存在,须与动词原形一起构成谓语,表示说话人对某一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 2. 情态动词有时态的变化,但没有人称和数的变化(have to除外)。 2. can的用法 3.can't表不可以,不能够 He can't speak French. 4.can't be表示不可能,对事情的否定推测 It can't be true. 1.表示一种能力 I can speak Eng l ish. 2.表示"可以",相当于may You can ask me for help. 5.could:比can更加委婉,也可用于can的过去式 Cou ld I go out tonight? -Yes, you can./-No, you can't. 3. may的用法 ( 1.表示"可以" May I come in? 3. might :比 may 更加委婉,也可用于 may 的过去式 Tom might know the answer . 2.表推测:可能 That boy may be Jack . But I ' m not sure . ) 注意may, maybe, may be的用法区别: may为情态动词,后还需要加动词原形构成谓语。如:You may come tomorrow. maybe为副词,同possibly, probably,不能做句子谓语,常放在句首或者主谓之间。如: Maybe she will come tomorrow. may be构成谓语结构"可能是"。如:She may be a teacher. 4. must的用法 1.must表示"必须"主观意愿,have to表"不得不"客观因素 I must go home now. / It's rain ing hard outs ide, so we have to stay at home. 4.mustn't表示"禁止" You mustn't smoke here. 3.must的否定回答用needn't或don't have to -Must I go now? -No, you needn't./No, you don't have to. 2.表推测:"一定",表肯定推测 That book must be Mary's. Her name is on it. 5. need的用法 2.用于否定句和疑问句中为情态动词,后接动词原形做句子谓语,无时态变化 You needn't fin ish the work today. / Need I br ing something? 1.表"需要",用于肯定句中为实义动词,后+to do形式做宾语,有时态变化 We need to find a p lace to rest. 6. 其他情态动词的用法 2.ought to属于半情态动词,也表示"应该" We ought to fin ish the work today. 4.had better表示"最好… ",后接动词原形。否定式:had better not do We had better go there by underground. / We had better not argue with our parents. 3.would表"将来,宁愿",可作为will的过去式 I wou ld study hard. 1.should表示"应该",否定shouldn't,无时态变化 Students shou ldn't be allowed to br ing mobi le phones to school. should和ought to的用法区别: should表示建议、劝告,强调主观看法 ought to表示按道理、按法律、规定应该,强调责任和义务 7. unit 6情态动词同步练习 一、从can, could, may, must, can't, may not, mustn't, need n't中选择适当的情态动词填空: 1. We can't play with you now. We finish our homework first. 2. your son swim when he was five years old? 3. Don't worry. You return the bike to me tomorrow. 4. You must obey the library rules. You eat here. 5. Nobody live without air. 6. Excuse me, sir I ask you a question? 7. Martin give up smoking at once. It's bad for his health. 8. - I finish the work now? -No, you You do it this afternoon. 9. -May I use your dictionary? -Sorry, I'm afraid you My deskmate is using it now. 10. - your foreign friend speak Chinese? -No, he 二、根据句子需要用情态动词结构, 补全句子, 每空一词: 1. 我还需要再说一遍我的电话号码吗? my telephone number again? 2. 迈克,你千万不要玩火。Mike, you fire. 3. 你最好吃更多的水果与蔬菜。You fruits and vegetables. 4. 我可以问你一个问题吗? I you a question? 5. 最后一班车已经开走了,所以我只好步行回家。The last bus had gone, so I back home. 6. 你上课不要接电话。You the telephone in class. 7. 她必须为她的自行车找个适当的地方。She a right place her bike. 8. 你不许在这里吸烟。You here. 9. 我不得不去新学校上学,但是我不想去。 I go to a new school but I don't want to. 10. 你最好别吃太多糖。You too much candy. 11. 现在,所有的乘客在乘火车前都必须经过安全检查。Nowadays, all passengers safety check before take a train. 三、单项选择: 1. All passengers go through safety check before they take a plane. A.can B.may C.must D.could 2. -You look very pretty if I say so. -Thanks a lot for saying that. A.must B.may C.will D.have to 3. You walk too close to the edge of the hill because you might fall and hurt yourselves. A.mustn't B.must C.can D.needn't 4. -I still haven't found my pet dog. -I'm sorry to hear that. You be very sad. A.can B.should C.must D.will 5. -Do you think that Kobe will be elected as the MVP this year? -It be him. He has retired since April 13. A.can't be B.mustn't be C.must be D.can be 6. -We've got everything ready for the picnic. -Do you mean I bring anything with me? A.can't B.mustn't C.couldn't D.needn't 7. Rock music sound popular with the young, but it's not the favor of the aged people. A.must B.need C.should D.may 8. -Mum, I play football this afternoon? -Sure, but you finish your homework first. A.may;could B.can;must C.can;mustn't D.may;can't 9. Please don't make so much noise. I hear the speaker very well. A.needn't B.mustn't C.can't D.shouldn't 10. -Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. King? -No, it be her. She is wearing a white dress today. A.can B.may C.must D.can't 11. -What's wrong with Judy? She has been absent for two days. -Oh, she be ill. Let's go to ask Mr. Green. A.may B.need C.would D.shall 12. -I hear you've got a new watch I have a look? -Yes, you may. A.Do B.May C.Should D.Shall 13. You stop when the traffic light is red. A.can B.could C.may D.must 14. -Must I practice the violin right now? -No, you You do it later on. A.mustn't;may B.shouldn't;might C.needn't;may D.can't;must 1. 祈使句的用法 祈使句的含义: 用来表示请求、命令、劝说、叮嘱等的句子就是祈使句。祈使句一般以动词原形开头。 祈使句四种形态: 1. Let's或Let us型: Let's go home! Let me clean the room! 2. NO+动名词,多用在标语禁令中:No smoking! No parking! No spitting! 3. Be型(be+adj) : Be careful! Be quiet! 4. DO型(DO代表动词原形) : Open the door! Close the window! (No+动名词可以与Don't+动词原形替换。No smoking! = Don't smoke!) 祈使句的否定形式: 1. Be型前直接加Don't: Don't be late again! 2. DO型前直接加Don't: Don't open the door! 3. Let's或Let us型,在Let's或Let us后直接加not:Let's not waste our time arguing about it. 祈使句的反意疑问句: 2. DO型(DO代表动词原形), w i I I You?Open the door, will you? Don't speak loudly, will you? 3. Let's型, shal I We?Let's go home, shall we? 4. Let us型, wi l I You?Let us help Mary, will you? 拓展 DO型的祈使句和动名词做主语的句子的区别: 祈使句表示建议、命令对方做某事,主语为"You"已省略。如:Read books! (意思是You read books!) 动名词做主语,强调的是这件事,谓语动词为单数。如:Reading books is a good habit. "祈使句+and+陈述句"表示条件与结果,可与"If条件句+主句"互换使用。 Work hard and your future is not a dream. = If you work hard, your future is not a dream. "祈使句+or+陈述句"表示"否则"。 Hurry up, or you will be late. = If you don't hurry up, you will be late. 2. 感叹句的用法 用what开头的感叹句: 1. what + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语! 如:What an old building that is! 2. what + 形容词 +不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语! 3. what + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 主语 +谓语! 用how开头的感叹句 1. HOW + 副词 + 主语 * 谓语! 如:How well she sings! 2. HOW + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + 主语 +谓语! 如:How kind a man he is! 3. HOW + 主语 士 谓语! 如:How time flies! 时光飞逝! 4. HOW +形容词 + 主语 + 谓语! 如:How beautiful the flowers are! 注意: what和how引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。如:How cold (it is)! What a good girl (she is)! What delicious fish! 感双句解题技巧口诀: 去主谓, 看剩余, 名词what, 形副HOW, 形名一起用what,形名分开就用HOW, 什么也没也用HOW 3. unit 7 祈使句、感叹句同步练习 一、将下列句子翻译成英文: 1. 请安静。 2. 别忘了给花浇水。 3. 请坐。 4. 禁止钓鱼! 1. Be型(be+adj), wi 1 I You?Be quiet, will you? 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空: 1. It's an important meeting (not be) late. 2. (look) out! A car is coming! 3. (not make) any noise! The baby is sleeping. 4. (read) aloud, please. 5. (not talk) with your classmate in the class. 三、句型转换: 1. Will you please read it again more slowl