Unit 8主题阅读训练 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 围绕绿色生活主题，通过Daniel践行环保的情境串联气候变化、植树价值、沙漠治理及日本零浪费案例，适配初中英语8B Unit 8单元复习，融合语言能力与环保意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |选择题|3题|细节理解（如Chacaltaya关闭原因）、写作手法（列数字）|情境时代性，聚焦全球变暖热点| |填空题|5题|篇章逻辑（树木环保作用）|问题层次性，从基础信息到推理| |简答题|9题|信息整合（宁夏治沙措施）、开放表达（个人环保行动）|结合中国治沙案例（文化意识），呼应真题对综合应用的考查|

8B Unit 8主题阅读训练 主题介绍：Daniel是一个认真践行绿色生活的学生。他每天学习并实践着保护环境的生活方式，为应对气候变化、保护人类家园而努力。最近，他打算参与一项植树的志愿活动。为什么呢？我们一起听听他的想法吧！ I. 气候变化 Daniel认为全球变暖等气候问题是人类发展过程中不容忽视的、亟需解决的问题。而解决这个问题，每个人都需要付出努力。 The world's highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted in 2009. Many scientists agree that the glaciers around the world could disappear in this century, much faster than we thought. As we all know, the reason for this is global warming. When a certain gas such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) is largely emitted into the atmosphere, it causes the greenhouse effect which makes the earth warmer. As the earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt more quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result, the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster. The effects of global warming will be far-reaching and often devastating. While the melting of glaciers may flood some areas of the earth, in other places, it is making water disappear. An increasing number of heat waves and droughts worldwide will also change the face of the world in the future. Global warming is a real problem, and one largely caused by human activities. Solving the problem is not easy, and there is no single magic way. However, we can begin by lowering the amount of CO₂ in our daily lives. Peter Miller, along with his wife, took part in a scientific test to see how much CO₂ they could cut down in a month. The average USA household produces about 80 kilos of CO₂, which was more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average. Their final goal was to produce less CO₂ than most American families. First, they found out how much CO₂ they were producing. Then they asked an expert for advice on how to reduce CO₂ emissions. According to the expert's advice, they made some changes to their house, replaced their lights, and changed some of their living habits. At the same time, they either biked, walked, or used public transportation. A month later, they saved 70% on electricity, 40% on gas, and drove half as much as others. Their daily CO₂ emissions were fewer than the USA average, at 32 kilos. Protecting our planet starts small, change a light, open a window, walk or bike. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us can make a difference. 1. Why was the ski place, Chacaltaya, closed in 2009? A. Because the ski place was too old. B. Because few tourists came to this place. C. Because the ski place was too high to reach. D. Because the 18,000-year-old glacier melted. 2. How does the writer show that Peter succeeded in the scientific test? A. By listing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By giving explanations. D. By giving suggestions. 3. Which of the following can match the information in the passage? 4. What's the structure of this passage?（画出文章的篇章结构） II.重要的植物 在了解了树木的重要性后，Daniel打算在假期参与一项植树的志愿活动。（有一项多余） A lot of health care is connected with being around trees. 1._________ According to one 2015 study, a walk in the woods can make you feel seven years younger. They also do a great deal of good for the environment by reducing air pollution and taking in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. 2._________ A new study by researchers at University College London found that the trees in the London Borough of Camden store as much carbon per hectare as rainforests. A tree's ability to take in carbon dioxide is especially useful when the tree is in cities or towns, where there are too many industrial activities. For the study, the researchers used laser scanning methods to take their own carbon readings of trees from the ground as well as the air. 3.__________ They were able to know there are about 85,000 trees in Camden, where the university is based. They decided that Camden had a median carbon density of around 55 tons of carbon per hectare (t/ha). Greener areas of the borough, like Highgate Cemetery, had a carbon density of 380 t/ha—levels that are typically seen in rainforests. 4.____________ So what exactly does this mean? Trees could help cool the atmosphere by removing carbon dioxide from the air. However, some climate scientists argue that it's more complicated than that. 5.__________ Still, with all of the other benefits trees offer, planting a seed or two couldn't hurt. A. We need to protect the ones we already have. B. These benefits aren't just felt in the countryside either. C. For comparison, major cities in the USA have a carbon density of 7. 7. D. They have been known to reduce people's stress and improve overall mental health. E. Then they compared their findings with the data from the UK Environment Agency. F. They think the impact of tree-planting activities today may not be seen for many years. III. 沙漠治理 Daniel认为虽然自己的力量很渺小，但是如果每个人都愿意坚持保护环境，我们一定能看见一片绿色的未来。 Standing on the top of a sand dune, Mohammed Abdulkarem from Yemen looked down at a man-made forest. He was on a trip with about 30 international students from Ningxia Medical University to visit Baijitan in Ningxia, China. Abdulkarem and his schoolmates were told that the 60-kilometre-long and 30-kilometre-wide forest can help stop the sand from the Mu Us Desert. However, in the 1950s, the green space was once a desert. So how did all this happen? Over the past 70 years, local people and volunteers have planted a large number of trees to stop the Mu Us Desert from becoming larger. "It's hard to believe," Abdulkarem said. "My country also needs to protect people from the dangers of deserts, and I see a great example here. " Then the students learned how to make a straw checkerboard, a local method of stopping sand from moving. "It's really difficult and challenging, and I'd never known that straws could be used to fix sand, which is cheap and works really well," Abdulkarem said. "Controlling desertification takes a lot of time and energy. I'm deeply touched by the spirit of sand controlling year after year. " The students also visited the Museum of Baijitan, which records the history of how local people fight against desertification. "I have learned a lot from this trip. I see the great work China has done to protect our planet, and other countries should learn from China," said Davis Munashe from Zimbabwe. 1. How big is the man-made forest in Baijitan? 2. Why did local people and volunteers make straw checkerboards? 3. What can you learn from the local people and volunteers? 4. What will you do to build a greener future? IV. 本文主要讲述了日本上胜町村民通过精细分类回收、奖励制度和物品共享等方式实现零浪费生活的故事，并倡导大城市学习这种环保理念。 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Sometimes, separating waste can take a lot of time. To properly recycle a plastic bottle, for example, we should pour out anything in the bottle and flatten (压平) the bottle before putting the cap back on and throwing it in the recycling bin. But that’s nothing compared to (与……相比) the recycling efforts of people in Kamikatsu, a village in southwestern Japan. The 1,500 villagers there are on a path to a zero-waste life. The Zero Waste Centre is Kamikatsu’s recycling facility (场所). There, the villagers separate their waste into 45 groups—there are nine groups for paper products alone. They clean and dry dirty items to make them ready for recycling. The village runs a reward system (奖励制度). People can collect recycling points in exchange for environmentally friendly products. There are signs that show what new items will be made from the recyclables. The village often reports how much money it has saved by working with recycling companies rather than burning all the waste. Next to the Zero Waste Centre is a special shop. There villagers can drop off items they don’t want any more, and others can take them home. This past January alone, about 450 kilograms of items were re-homed. The number is shown in the shop. In 2020, Hotel Why opened its door to the public. It is built in the shape of a question mark as if it was asking, “Why do we create so much waste?” At check-in, guests cut bars of soap to get just the amount of what they need for their stay. Each of them is given six bins to separate their waste. We can learn from the villagers of Kamikatsu. Many of their practices can be introduced into large cities to make our world a green place. 1．Why do the villagers in Kamikatsu recycle waste? 2．How many groups do they separate paper products into? 3．How do they encourage the villagers to recycle waste? 4．Where do the villagers put their items they don’t want? 5．Do you think it necessary to recycle waste? Why or why not? (本题字数不限) I. 1-3 DAB 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了冰川融化、全球变暖的原因及影响,呼吁人们环保生活。 1. D 解析:细节理解题。根据"The world's highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted in 2009. "可知选D。 2. A 解析:写作手法题。根据"A month later. . . at 32 kilos. "可知作者通过列数字证明彼得在科学测试中成功了。故选A。 3. B 解析:图示理解题。根据"As the earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt more quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result,the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster. "可知选B。 篇章结构题:分析文章内容可知,第一段介绍查卡塔雅滑雪场关闭这一事实;第二和第三段介绍原因;第四段介绍全球变暖的影响;第五段建议我们可以从减少日常生活中的二氧化碳排放量开始;第六和第七段介绍彼得·米勒和他的妻子的科学测试,来佐证减少二氧化碳排放量是有帮助的;第八段建议人们保护地球从小事做起。 II. 1-5 DBECF 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了树木的保健和空气净化的作用,呼吁人们种树。 III. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了一群国际学生参观中国宁夏的白芨滩,以及他们对当地阻止沙漠化工作的观察和感受。 1. It's 60 kilometres long and 30 kilometres wide. 2. To stop sand from moving. 3. Their strong will. /They never give up. (言之有理即可) 4. I will study hard to find better ways to reduce CO₂ emissions. (言之有理即可) IV. 1．Because they are on a path to a zero-waste life and want to make our world a green place. 2．Nine groups. 3．By running a reward system where people can exchange recycling points for eco-friendly products. 4．In a special shop next to the Zero Waste Centre. 5．Yes, I think it’s necessary because recycling helps reduce pollution and save resources. It also protects the environment for future generations. 【导语】本文主要讲述了日本上胜町村民通过精细分类回收、奖励制度和物品共享等方式实现零浪费生活的故事，并倡导大城市学习这种环保理念。 【详解】1．根据“The 1,500 villagers there are on a path to a zero-waste life.”和“Many of their practices can be introduced into large cities to make our world a green place.”可知，上胜町的村民回收垃圾是因为他们正走在零废弃生活的道路上，且希望通过这种方式助力打造绿色世界。故填Because they are on a path to a zero-waste life and want to make our world a green place. 2．根据“there are nine groups for paper products alone”可知他们将纸制品分为9类。故填Nine groups. 3．根据“The village runs a reward system (奖励制度)…in exchange for environmentally friendly products”可知他们通过奖励制度鼓励村民回收垃圾。故填By running a reward system where people can exchange recycling points for eco-friendly products. 4．根据“Next to the Zero Waste Centre is a special shop…drop off items they don’t want”可知村民会把不需要的物品放在零废物中心旁边的特殊商店里。故填In a special shop next to the Zero Waste Centre. 5．开放性试题，合理即可。参考答案：Yes, I think it’s necessary because recycling helps reduce pollution and save resources. It also protects the environment for future generations. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $