Unit 8 Natural disasters（短文填空专练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 以“自然灾害”为主题的短文填空专项训练，通过基础与培优分层设计，系统整合词汇运用与语法知识，提升语言综合运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇|5篇（台风、地震等）|阅读短文填单词或括号内单词正确形式，考查介词、时态、名词复数等基础语法|围绕自然灾害主题，从基础词汇（如“center”“safe”）到语法（被动语态、非谓语动词），构建话题内词汇-语法网络| |培优篇|5篇（含山东、广东期中真题）|真题情境短文填空，增加上下文逻辑推断，考查比较级、连词、代词等综合运用|在基础上拓展复杂句式（如“the+比较级”“it is+adj+to do”），结合灾害应对场景，培养上下文逻辑推断的思维品质|

Unit 8 Natural disasters 短文填空专练 话题：自然灾害 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 基础篇 01 On Monday, a very strong typhoon named Bebinca hit Shanghai, stopping much of the city during a national holiday. The storm arrived early in the morning, with strong winds blowing 1 130 kilometers per hour. In some places, the winds were even stronger, reaching 151 kilometers per hour near 2 center of the typhoon. Because 3 this storm, all flights, trains, and highways in Shanghai 4 (stop) running. Popular places, like Shanghai Disney Resort, were closed to keep people 5 (safe). More 6 414, 000 people were moved from their homes to safer locations, such as schools and large buildings 7 they could stay protected from the typhoon. Other areas nearby, like the Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, also made similar 8 (plan) to protect people from the storm. So far, the typhoon 9 (lead) to some power and water problems in different parts of the city. Over the weekend, many people went out to buy food and supplies 10 the storm hit, preparing for possible problems. The strong winds and heavy rain made it difficult 11 (travel), and most people stayed indoors for safety. The storm is going to become weaker as it moves inland. This is the 12 (two) major storm to hit China this month. Earlier in September, another typhoon named Yagi caused damage and deaths in 13 (south) parts of China. Experts say that storms like these are becoming stronger because of climate change and warmer oceans. The 14 (change) make storms like Bebinca and Yagi 15 (powerful) and more dangerous, and they may happen more often in the future. 【答案】 1．at 2．the 3．of 4．stopped 5．safe 6．than 7．where 8．plans 9．has led 10．before 11．to travel 12．second 13．southern 14．changes 15．more powerful 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍台风“贝碧嘉”袭击上海，导致交通停运、人员疏散，并分析气候变化使台风更强更频繁。 【详解】1．句意：风暴清晨抵达，强风以每小时130公里的速度吹刮。风暴应该是以每小时130公里的速度吹刮，“at+速度”表示“以……的速度”，固定搭配。 1．句意：在台风中心附近，风力更强，达到每小时151公里。“center of the typhoon”中的“center”特指该台风中心，故用定冠词the。 2．句意：由于这场风暴，上海所有航班、火车和高速公路都停止运行。“Because of”为固定短语，后接名词或代词，意为“因为”。 3．句意：所有航班、火车和高速公路都停止运行。描述过去发生的事实，谓语动词用一般过去时stopped。 4．句意：热门场所如上海迪士尼度假区关闭以保障人们的安全。“keep sb.+形容词”意为“保持某人……”，为固定搭配，形容词作宾语补足语，safe用原级。 5．句意：超过41.4万人被转移至更安全的地点。应为超过41.4万人，“more than”为固定搭配，意为“超过”。 6．句意：人们被转移到学校等大型建筑内，在那里可以免受台风侵袭。定语从句修饰“large buildings”，从句缺地点状语，用关系副词where。 7．句意：浙江、江苏等邻近地区也制定了类似计划来保护民众。多地制定了类似计划，不止一个计划，用可数名词复数plans，表示多个计划。 8．句意：截至目前，台风已导致该市不同地区出现水电问题。“So far”提示用现在完成时，主语“the typhoon”为单数，故填has led。 9．句意：周末，许多人在台风来临前外出购买食物和物资。应该是在台风来临前外出购买食物和物资，主句动作发生在台风“到来之前”，用before。 10．句意：强风暴雨使出行变得困难。“make it+形容词+to do sth.”为固定句型，it为形式宾语，真正宾语为to travel。 11．句意：这是本月袭击中国的第二场强台风。应该是第二场强台风，定冠词“the”后接序数词second，表示“第二场”。 12．句意：九月初，另一场台风“摩羯”在中国南部地区造成破坏和死亡。“southern parts”意为“南部地区”，用形容词southern修饰名词part。 13．句意：这些变化使贝碧嘉和摩羯这样的台风更强、更危险。前文提到气候变化和海洋变暖，为多个变化，故用复数changes。 14．句意：这些变化使台风更加强大、更加危险。“and”连接平行结构，“more dangerous”提示前面也用比较级more powerful。 02 Did you feel the earthquake? 1 March 28, a 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit northern Myanmar (缅甸), 2 brought terrible experiences to the people there. 3 earthquake started near the Myanmar-China border (边界). It made a big 4 (different) to people’s lives there. Many houses and buildings 5 (sudden) fell down, and thousands of people were 6 danger. About 1700 people died. It’s reported that it was the 7 (strong) earthquake at the beginning of 2025. After the earthquake, people from all directions offered a 8 (help) hand. Volunteers from nearby cities tried hard to help. They 9 (give) out food, water and medicine to people in need. Local people also took risks 10 (tell) each other the moment they realized there was an earthquake. What they did in times of difficulty brought people 11 (warm) and courage. Scientists said there might be more small quakes later. Then what can we do to save 12 (we)? Different people said differently. “In my opinion, we should build more strong houses to protect us 13 most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough.” said Dr. Aung. “We need to practice safety 14 (drill) every year,” said a teacher. “All students should know 15 to care for themselves during earthquakes.” 【答案】 1．On 2．which 3．The 4．difference 5．suddenly 6．in 7．strongest 8．helping/helpful 9．gave 10．to tell 11．warmth 12．ourselves 13．because/as/since 14．drills 15．how 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了缅甸发生的7.9级地震的情况、震后救援以及地震防护的相关建议。 【详解】16．句意：在3月28日，缅甸北部发生了7.9级地震，这给那里的人们带来了可怕的经历。“March 28”是具体日期，具体日期前要用介词on，句首单词的首字母要大写。 1．句意：在3月28日，缅甸北部发生了7.9级地震，这给那里的人们带来了可怕的经历。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是earthquake表示事物，因此，用which引导定语从句。 2．句意：这场地震始于缅中边境附近。第二次提到前文出现的earthquake，表示特指，要用定冠词the，句首单词的首字母要大写。 3．句意：它给那里的人们的生活带来了巨大的影响。different意为“不同的”，是形容词，此处考查固定搭配make a big difference to…，意为“对……产生巨大影响”，此处需要把形容词different变为名词difference。 4．句意：许多房屋和建筑突然倒塌了，并且数千人处于危险之中。sudden意为“突然的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词短语fell down“倒塌”，需要用副词，sudden的副词形式是suddenly，意为“突然地”。 5．句意：许多房屋和建筑突然倒塌了，并且数千人处于危险之中。此处考查固定搭配in danger，意为“处于危险中”。 6．句意：据报道，它是2025年初最强的地震。strong意为“强烈的”，是形容词，定冠词the后接形容词最高级，strong的最高级是strongest。 7．句意：地震后，来自各地的人们伸出了援手。help意为“帮助”，是动词，hand是名词，此处用动名词或形容词修饰名词均可，作定语，help的动名词形式是helping；其形容词形式是helpful，offer a helping/helpful hand是固定搭配，意为“伸出援手”。 8．句意：他们向有需要的人分发了食物、水和药品。give out是固定短语，意为“分发”。此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，give的过去式是gave。 9．句意：当地人在意识到地震的那一刻，也冒险互相告知。tell意为“告诉”，是动词，take risks to do sth.是固定短语，意为“冒险做某事”，此处用不定式to tell。 10．句意：他们在困难时期的所作所为给人们带来了温暖和勇气。warm意为“温暖的”，是形容词，bring sb. sth.是固定短语，意为“给某人带来某物”，bring是动词，其后用名词作宾语，warm的名词形式是warmth。 11．句意：那么我们能做什么来拯救我们自己呢？we意为“我们”，是人称代词主格，根据句意，此处考查固定短语save oneself，意为“拯救某人自己”，we的反身代词是ourselves，意为“我们自己”。 12．句意：在我看来，我们应该建造更坚固的房屋来保护我们，因为缅甸的大多数建筑不够坚固。后半句是前半句的原因，所以用连词引导原因状语从句，引导原因状语从句的连词有“because/as/since”，三者均可。   13．句意：“我们需要每年进行安全演练，”一名老师说。safety drill意为“安全演练”，此处用复数形式drills表示多次演练。 14．句意：所有学生都应该知道在地震期间如何照顾自己。此处考查 how to do sth.，意为“如何做某事”，用来表达方式、方法。 03 On April 20, 2013, an earthquake hit Ya’an, Sichuan Province. When the building began 1 (shake), a teacher at Fengcun School shouted 2 his students, “Earthquake! Run!” He opened the door 3 the same time. All the students bent down, covered 4 (they) heads with hands and left the building in order 5 (quick). Amazingly, they all made 6 safely within just seven seconds. No one 7 (get) hurt in the accident. From this lesson, people learn how 8 (protect) themselves in times 9 danger. First, we should keep calm. Don’t be afraid 10 we face natural disasters. Second, teamwork 11 (be) important. It can bring 12 (good) chances to live. Third, we need more escape drills. Practising often stops us from 13 (think) too much in real emergencies. Disasters 14 (come) at any time. Learn more skills, 15 we will live safely. 【答案】 1．to shake 2．to 3．at 4．their 5．quickly 6．it 7．got 8．to protect 9．of 10．when 11．is 12．better 13．thinking 14．come 15．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了2013年雅安地震中，一所学校的老师组织学生迅速有序撤离，7秒内全部安全脱险，并从中总结出地震逃生的经验。 1．句意：当大楼开始摇晃时，丰村学校的一位老师对他的学生喊道：“地震！快跑！”。begin to do sth.意为“开始做某事”。 2．句意：当大楼开始摇晃时，丰村学校的一位老师对他的学生喊道：“地震！快跑！”。shout to sb.意为“对某人大喊”，强调喊话方向。 3．句意：他同时打开了门。at the same time固定短语，意为“同时”。 4．句意：所有的学生弯下腰，用手捂住头，并迅速有序地离开了大楼。形容词性物主代词their修饰heads，指代“学生们的”。 5．句意：迅速有序地离开了大楼。副词quickly修饰动词left，表示“迅速地”。 6．句意：令人惊讶的是，他们都在短短七秒钟内安全脱险。make it固定短语，意为“成功做到，脱险”。 7．句意：事故中没有人受伤。一般过去时，get hurt意为“受伤”。 8．句意：从这个教训中，人们学会了如何在危险时刻保护自己。“疑问词 + 不定式”结构作宾语。 9．句意：人们学会了如何在危险时刻保护自己。 in times of danger意为“在危险时期”，of表示所属。 10．句意：当我们面对自然灾害时不要害怕。when引导时间状语从句。 11．句意：第二，团队合作很重要。主语teamwork为不可数名词，谓语用单数is。 12．句意：它可以带来更好的生存机会。good的比较级better，修饰chances。 13．句意：经常练习可以防止我们在真正的紧急情况下想得太多。stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。 14．句意：灾难随时可能发生。情态动词can表示可能性。 15．句意：学习更多技能，我们就能安全地生活。祈使句 + and + 陈述句，表示条件与结果。 04 Earthquakes can occur anytime without warning, 1 it is important to be prepared and know how to protect yourself. When the earth begins to shake, stay calm. If you are inside, get under a table or bed 2 (protect) yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls 3 windows. Stay out of the kitchen and never get into a lift. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 4 buildings and trees. If you are in a vehicle, drive to a safe place far from trees or tall buildings. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water 5 possible. After the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors 6 an open area. Keep an eye out for things that can fall on you. Only make necessary phone calls, because too many calls will bring down the phone 7 (system). Staying calm 8 (improve) your chances of survival. It is not easy, 9 it can save your life. Remember these tips and you will know how 10 (stay) safe in an earthquake. 【答案】 1．so 2．to protect 3．or 4．from 5．as 6．to 7．system 8．improves 9．but 10．to stay 【导语】本文介绍了地震发生时的安全防护知识，包括室内、室外、行车中及震后的避险措施，强调保持冷静对生存的重要性。 【详解】46．句意：地震可能毫无预兆地随时发生，所以做好准备并知道如何保护自己很重要。前后两句为因果关系，前半句说明原因，后半句引出结果，故填连词so。 1．句意：如果你在室内，躲到桌子或床下以保护自己免受坠落物体的伤害。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示躲到桌子或床下的目的，用to protect。 2．句意：不要站在墙壁或窗户附近。此处表示选择关系，意为“墙壁或窗户”，故填并列连词or。 3．句意：远离建筑物和树木。固定搭配“stay away from”表示 “远离……”，用介词from。 4．句意：如果你在海边，尽量离水越远越好。固定搭配“as...as possible”表示“尽可能……”。 5．句意：如果你看到火灾，迅速到户外的开阔区域去。此处表示方向，意为 “去往开阔区域”，填介词to。 6．句意：只打必要的电话，因为太多电话会使电话系统瘫痪。“phone system” 为固定搭配，意为 “电话系统”，此处用单数形式即可，用system。 7．句意：保持冷静能提高你的生存几率。主语“Staying calm”为动名词短语，作主语时谓语动词用单数；句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时improves。 8．句意：这并不容易，但它能救你的命。前后两句为转折关系，用连词but。 9．句意：记住这些提示，你就会知道如何在地震中保持安全。“how to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“如何做某事”，用to stay。 05 Typhoons are strong storms with powerful winds. They usually occur in the Western North Pacific. Typhoons form when warm water from the ocean meets special wind patterns. Typhoons can bring heavy rain and help cool down hot summers. 1 , they can be very dangerous and cause a lot of damage. During a typhoon, wind speeds can reach up to 225 kilometres per hour 2 even higher. This can lead to trees 3 (fall), buildings getting damaged, and some areas flooding. Wildfires are big, out-of-control fires. They happen in natural places like forests and grasslands. They can badly hurt animals, plants and the environment, 4 they are also dangerous to people living nearby. In 2023, Canada experienced many big forest fires, 5 (affect) an area of over 60,000 square kilometres. Floods are huge amounts of water 6 (cover) an area. They happen when there’s too much rain or when rivers overflow. Floods can hurt a lot of people and destroy farms, buildings and roads. In China, one of the biggest floods 7 (be) the 1998 Changjiang River flood. The PLA troops fought against this terrible flood 8 protected millions of people from drowning. They successfully kept major cities like Wuhan 9 (safe). Natural disasters are dangerous, but if we are prepared, we can reduce the damage 10 they cause. 【答案】 1．However 2．or 3．falling 4．and 5．affecting 6．covering 7．was 8．and 9．safe 10．that/which 【导语】本文介绍了三种自然灾害：台风、野火和洪水。描述了它们的形成原因、危害程度以及具体案例。 1．句意：台风可以带来强降雨并帮助炎热的夏季降温。然而，它们也可能非常危险并造成大量破坏。根据文意，此处需要表示转折关系，前文讲台风的好处，后文讲台风的坏处，需填入转折连词“However”。 2．句意：台风期间，风速可以达到甚至超过每小时225公里。根据文意，此处表示“甚至更高”，需填入“or”，构成“or even”结构，表示递进关系。 3．句意：这可能导致树木倒下、建筑物受损以及一些地区被洪水淹没。括号内提示词“fall”意为“倒下”，根据文意“lead to”中的“to”是介词，其后需接名词或动名词，且“trees”与“fall”之间为主动关系，故用动名词“falling”。 4．句意：它们也会对附近的居民造成危险。根据文意，前文提到野火伤害动植物和环境，此处补充说明对人也危险，需填入表示“也/而且”的连词“and”。 5．句意：2023年，加拿大经历了许多大型森林火灾，影响了超过6万平方公里的区域。括号内提示词“affect”意为“影响”，根据文意此处作伴随状语或结果状语，主语“Canada”与“affect”之间为主动关系，需用现在分词“affecting”。 6．句意：洪水是覆盖某个区域的大量水体。括号内提示词“cover”意为“覆盖”，根据文意此处作后置定语修饰“water”，表示“覆盖某区域的水”，且“water”与“cover”之间为主动关系，需用现在分词“covering”。 7．句意：在中国，最大的洪水之一是1998年的长江洪水。括号内提示词“be”意为“是”，根据文意“one of + 复数名词 + 谓语动词单数”结构，且描述过去事件，需用一般过去时的单数形式“was”。 8．句意：解放军部队与这场可怕的洪水作斗争，并保护了数百万人免于溺水。根据文意，此处连接两个并列谓语“fought against”和“protected”，表示顺承关系，需填入连词“and”。 9．句意：他们成功地保护了像武汉这样的大城市的安全。括号内提示词“safe”意为“安全的”，根据文意“keep + 名词 + 形容词”结构，表示“使某物保持某种状态”，需用形容词“safe”作宾语补足语。 10．句意：但如果我们做好准备，我们可以减少它们造成的损害。括号内没有提示词，但根据文意，此处需要引导定语从句修饰“damage”，且从句中“cause”缺少宾语，需填入关系代词“that”或“which”，指代“damage”。 培优篇 06 （25-26八年级下·山东济南·期中） Last Saturday afternoon, the sky turned dark suddenly and strong winds blew 1 (heavy). Black clouds covered 2 whole village, and the rain began to fall hard. Everyone felt scared, but 14-year-old Tom kept calm. He told his family and 3 (neighbor) not to panic. Tom remembered what his teacher had taught him about natural disasters. He knew a flash flood may come soon. 4 he was young, he decided to help everyone escape (逃脱). He ran from door to door, knocking loudly and telling people to move to higher places. An old grandma couldn’t walk fast, so Tom helped her get out of the house. He carried her bag and held her hand tightly. The flood came quickly, but Tom didn’t stop. He kept running until all villagers 5 (be) safe. It was the 6 (brave) thing he did in his life. After the flood, the villagers gathered together and talked about Tom’s story. They 7 (bring) fruits to thank him. Tom said he didn’t do anything special, but the villagers praised him for his courage. He often encourages 8 (he) and his friends to face difficulties bravely, because he believes that 9 (help) others is the most meaningful thing. Tom’s story spread in the village. Many students go to his home to learn from him. He prepares some books 10 (teach) his friends about disaster safety. Every time someone talks about him, they say he is a hero who saves the villagers in danger. 【答案】 1．heavily 2．the 3．neighbors 4．Although/Though 5．were 6．bravest 7．brought 8．himself 9．helping 10．to teach 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了14岁男孩Tom在山洪暴发时冷静应对、帮助全村人安全转移的故事。文章通过描述Tom的行动和村民们的反应，赞扬了Tom的勇气和助人为乐的精神。 1．句意：上周六下午，天空突然变暗，强风猛烈地吹着。空格处修饰动词“blew”，需用副词形式。heavy的副词为heavily，意为“猛烈地”。故填heavily。 2．句意：黑云覆盖了整个村庄。空格后“whole village”为特指，需用定冠词“the”。“the whole village”意为“整个村庄”。故填the。 3．句意：他告诉他的家人和邻居不要恐慌。空前“his family and”提示空格处需填名词复数形式，与“family”并列。neighbor的复数形式为neighbors。故填neighbors。 4．句意：虽然他年纪小，但他决定帮助大家逃生。前句“he was young”与后句“he decided to help”构成让步关系，需用让步状语从句连词。Although/Though意为“虽然”，符合逻辑。故填Although/Though。 5．句意：他一直跑直到所有村民都安全了。主语“all villagers”为复数，且文章为一般过去时，be动词需用过去式were。故填were。 6．句意：这是他一生中做过的最勇敢的事。空前有定冠词“the”，空后为名词“thing”，提示此处需用形容词最高级。brave的最高级为bravest。故填bravest。 7．句意：他们带来水果感谢他。文章为一般过去时，需用动词过去式。bring的过去式为brought。故填brought。 8．句意：他经常鼓励他自己和他的朋友勇敢面对困难。空格处作动词“encourages”的宾语，且与主语“He”为同一人，需用反身代词。he的反身代词为himself。故填himself。 9．句意：因为他相信帮助别人是最有意义的事情。空格处作主语从句的主语，需用动名词形式。help的动名词为helping。故填helping。 10．句意：他准备了一些书来教他的朋友们关于灾害安全的知识。空格处表目的，需用不定式作目的状语。to teach意为“为了教”。故填to teach。 07 （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中） Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters. Unlike typhoons or floods, they strike without warning. 1 (receive) a three-second warning can save lives—enough time to hide under a strong table. When an earthquake happens, two types of seismic waves (地震波) travel at different 2 (speed). The faster wave causes little damage, 3 the slower wave brings strong shaking that can destroy buildings. This technology 4 (use) in many countries today, including Japan and Mexico. Last year, a big earthquake 5 (hit) Nepal. Thousands of buildings fell down, and over 8,000 people lost their lives. 6 warning system is not perfect, however. People near the epicenter (震中) may get no warning at all because the destructive wave arrives almost immediately. Some people have become less 7 (concern) about alerts after several false alarms, which is dangerous. Scientists believe that AI 8 (analyze) seismic data more quickly in the near future, possibly extending warning times to 30 seconds. If you live in an earthquake-prone (地震多发) area, prepare an emergency kit (应急包) with water, food, and a flashlight. Stay away 9 windows and heavy furniture during shaking. Many people 10 (prepare) their kits already, but others have not. Remember: those few seconds of preparation could save your life. 【答案】 1．Receiving 2．speeds 3．but/while 4．is used 5．hit 6．The 7．concerned 8．will analyze 9．from 10．have prepared 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震的特点和预警技术的现状，并给出了地震多发地区的防灾准备建议。 1．句意：获得三秒钟的预警时间就能够挽救生命——这段时间足以躲到坚固的桌子底下。动名词作主语，receive的动名词形式receiving，句首首字母大写。 2．句意：当地震发生时，两种地震波会以不同的速度传播。“different”后接复数名词，different speeds表示“不同的速度”。 3．句意：速度更快的地震波造成的破坏很小，而速度较慢的地震波会带来剧烈震动，足以摧毁建筑物。前后句是对比关系，but和while均符合逻辑。 4．句意：如今，这项技术在包括日本和墨西哥在内的许多国家被使用。 主语“technology”和“use”是被动关系，“today”表示一般现在时，故填is used。 5．句意：去年，一场大地震袭击了尼泊尔。“last year”为过去的时间，hit的过去式还是hit。 6．句意：这套预警系统却并非完美无缺。这里用定冠词the特指上文提到的地震预警系统，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：多次误报后，一些人对警报变得不那么在意，这是很危险的。become concerned about表示“对什么关心”，为固定搭配。 8．句意：科学家认为，在不久的将来，人工智能将能更快分析地震数据，或许能将预警时间延长至30秒。“in the near future”为将来时，用一般将来时will analyze。 9．句意：地震晃动时，要远离窗户和沉重的家具。固定搭配stay away from表示“远离”。 10．句意：许多人已经准备好了应急包，但还有一些人没有。“already”常与现在完成时连用，主语是“people”，故填have prepared。 08 （25-26八年级下·山东枣庄·期中） Last Friday, a heavy rainstorm hit our town suddenly. While the rain 1 (beat) against the windows, most people 2 (feel) afraid. At that time, I 3 (do) my homework in the room. I looked outside and saw the water in the river rising. It was one of the scariest 4 (moment) in my life. 5 we cannot stop natural disasters, we can learn how to protect ourselves. First, we should 6 (stay) in a safe place. For example, if there is an earthquake, we should hide under a large and strong desk until the ground 7 (stop) shaking. Second, preparing a safety bag is 8 (important) than anything else. You should put some useful things in it, such as a bottle of water, some biscuits, and a key. In my opinion, being 9 (care) and ready is the best way to face danger. We should also listen to the news on the radio to get more information. If we follow the 10 (rule), we will be safer in the future. 【答案】 1．was beating 2．felt 3．was doing 4．moments 5．Although/Though 6．stay 7．stops 8．more important 9．careful 10．rules 【导语】本文讲述了作者经历的一场突发暴雨，由此引出自然灾害无法避免，但我们可以学习自我保护方法，比如保持警惕、准备应急包、遵守规则等，强调了应对灾害的安全意识与准备的重要性。 1．句意：当雨点敲打着窗户时，大多数人感到害怕。while引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，主语the rain是单数，用was beating。 2．句意：当雨点敲打着窗户时，大多数人感到害怕。事情发生在上周五，句子用一般过去时，feel的过去式是felt。 3．句意：那时，我正在房间里做作业。事情发生在过去，强调当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语I，用was doing。 4．句意：这是我一生中最可怕的时刻之一。one of后接可数名词复数，moment的复数形式是moments。 5．句意：虽然我们无法阻止自然灾害，但我们可以学习如何保护自己。前后为转折让步关系，用连词Although/Though(句首首字母大写)。 6．句意：首先，我们应该待在安全的地方。情态动词should后接动词原形，用stay。 7．句意：例如，如果发生地震，我们应该躲在一张又大又结实的桌子下面，直到地面停止晃动。until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语the ground是单数，用stops。 8．句意：其次，准备一个安全包比其他任何东西都重要。than是比较级标志，important的比较级是more important。 9．句意：在我看来，保持小心和做好准备是面对危险的最好方式。being后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。 10．句意：如果我们遵守规则，将来我们会更安全。the后接名词，根据语境用复数，rule的复数形式是rules。 09 Natural disasters are terrible events that can happen suddenly. They may cause a lot of damage and even lead to people’s 1 (die). Among all the natural disasters, earthquakes are one of the most 2 (danger) ones. An earthquake hit a small town last month. It was early in the morning 3 most people were still asleep. When the earthquake started, the ground shook violently. People screamed and ran out of their houses in a hurry. Some buildings fell down, and many roads 4 (break). The local government sent rescue teams right away. The rescuers tried their best 5 (save) people who were trapped under the ruins. They also provided food and water 6 the homeless. A few days later, the town began to recover. Volunteers from different cities came to help. They helped clean up the mess 7 repair the broken houses. Although people lost many things in the earthquake, they didn’t lose hope. They said they 8 (build) a better town with the help of the whole country. We should learn some safety skills to protect ourselves 9 natural disasters. For example, we should stay calm when an earthquake happens. If we are indoors, we can hide under a strong table. And we mustn’t jump out of the window 10 any reason. 【答案】 1．death 2．dangerous 3．when 4．were broken 5．to save 6．for 7．and 8．would build 9．from 10．for 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过描述地震灾害的影响、救援与重建过程，强调了学习安全技能的重要性，传递了在灾难面前保持希望与团结的积极态度。 1．句意：它们可能造成大量破坏，甚至导致人们死亡。根据名词所有格“people’s”可知，此处需要名词形式，动词die的名词形式为death，意为 “死亡”。故填death。 2．句意：在所有自然灾害中，地震是最危险的之一。根据“one of the most+形容词+名词复数”的结构可知，此处需要形容词，名词danger的形容词形式为dangerous，意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。 3．句意：那是清晨，大多数人还在睡觉。根据前半句“It was early in the morning”和后半句“most people were still asleep”的时间逻辑关系可知，此处用关系副词when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 4．句意：一些建筑物倒塌了，许多道路被毁坏了。根据主语“many roads”与动词“break”是被动关系，且句子为一般过去时，可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态were broken。故填were broken。 5．句意：救援人员尽最大努力去拯救被困在废墟下的人。根据固定搭配“try one’s best to do sth.”可知，此处用不定式to save。故填to save。 6．句意：他们还为无家可归的人提供食物和水。根据固定搭配“provide sth. for sb.”可知，此处用介词for。故填for。 7．句意：他们帮助清理杂乱并修理破损的房屋。根据“clean up the mess”和“repair the broken houses”是并列的动作，可知此处用并列连词and。故填and。 8．句意：他们说在全国的帮助下，他们将建设一个更好的城镇。根据主句“they said”是一般过去时，且“建设更好的城镇”是过去将来要发生的动作，可知此处用过去将来时would build。故填would build。 9．句意：我们应该学习一些安全技能来保护自己免受自然灾害的伤害。根据固定搭配“protect sb. from sth.”可知，此处用介词from。故填from。 10．句意：而且我们绝不能因为任何理由从窗户跳出去。根据固定搭配“for any reason”可知，此处用介词for。故填for。 10 Secondary disasters are more dangerous than we think. They often happen after the first big disaster 1 (take) place. It’s important 2 (learn) how to protect ourselves from them. After an earthquake, landslides and fires are common secondary disasters. If you smell gas in the room, open the windows at once and get out 3 a hurry. Don’t use any electrical equipment, or it may cause 4 (danger) fire. When 5 (stay) in a shelter after a flood, pay attention to water pollution. Dirty water can spread diseases easily, so we must drink clean or boiled water 6 (avoid) being ill. For people who live in mountain areas, rockfalls may occur after heavy rains. Keep away from the mountains and don’t go near them 7 the rain stops completely. Remember that secondary disasters usually come without 8 (warn). We should listen to the weather report and official news every day. Being careful is the key to 9 (keep) safe. The more we know about secondary disasters, the 10 (safe) we will be in emergencies. 【答案】 1．takes 2．to learn 3．in 4．dangerous 5．staying 6．to avoid 7．until 8．warning 9．keeping 10．safer 【导语】本文主要介绍了次生灾害的危险性、常见类型以及在不同场景下的应对方法，强调了了解次生灾害知识对提升应急安全的重要性。 1．句意：次生灾害往往在第一次大灾害发生之后出现。根据“after the first big disaster”可知，此处为时间状语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时；主语“the first big disaster”是单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，take的三单形式是 takes。故填takes。 2．句意：学会如何保护自己免受次生灾害伤害是很重要的。根据“It’s important”可知，此处考查“It is important to do sth.” 固定句型，表示“做某事是重要的”，此处用不定式作真正主语。故填to learn。 3．句意：如果你在房间里闻到煤气味，立刻打开窗户并匆忙撤离。in a hurry是固定短语，表示“匆忙地”。故填in。 4．句意：不要使用任何电器，否则可能引发危险的火灾。此处需要形容词修饰名词fire，danger的形容词形式是 dangerous。故填dangerous。 5．句意：洪水后待在避难所时，要注意水污染。此处是“when+现在分词”结构作时间状语，stay的现在分词是staying。故填staying。 6．句意：脏水很容易传播疾病，所以我们必须喝干净或烧开的水来避免生病。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了避免”。故填to avoid。 7．句意：远离山区，直到雨完全停了再靠近。根据“don’t go”可知，此处考查“not...until...”固定结构，表示“直到…… 才……”。故填until。 8．句意：记住，次生灾害通常是毫无预警地来临的。根据“without”可知，介词without后接名词或动名词，warn的名词形式是warning。故填warning。 9．句意：小心是保持安全的关键。根据“Being careful is the key to”可知，the key to doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事的关键”，to是介词，后接动名词。故填keeping。 10．句意：我们对次生灾害了解得越多，在紧急情况下就会越安全。根据“The more we know about secondary disasters, the”可知，此处考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”固定结构，表示“越……，越……”，safe的比较级是safer。故填safer。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Natural disasters 短文填空专练 话题：自然灾害 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 基础篇 01 On Monday, a very strong typhoon named Bebinca hit Shanghai, stopping much of the city during a national holiday. The storm arrived early in the morning, with strong winds blowing 1 130 kilometers per hour. In some places, the winds were even stronger, reaching 151 kilometers per hour near 2 center of the typhoon. Because 3 this storm, all flights, trains, and highways in Shanghai 4 (stop) running. Popular places, like Shanghai Disney Resort, were closed to keep people 5 (safe). More 6 414, 000 people were moved from their homes to safer locations, such as schools and large buildings 7 they could stay protected from the typhoon. Other areas nearby, like the Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, also made similar 8 (plan) to protect people from the storm. So far, the typhoon 9 (lead) to some power and water problems in different parts of the city. Over the weekend, many people went out to buy food and supplies 10 the storm hit, preparing for possible problems. The strong winds and heavy rain made it difficult 11 (travel), and most people stayed indoors for safety. The storm is going to become weaker as it moves inland. This is the 12 (two) major storm to hit China this month. Earlier in September, another typhoon named Yagi caused damage and deaths in 13 (south) parts of China. Experts say that storms like these are becoming stronger because of climate change and warmer oceans. The 14 (change) make storms like Bebinca and Yagi 15 (powerful) and more dangerous, and they may happen more often in the future. 02 Did you feel the earthquake? 1 March 28, a 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit northern Myanmar (缅甸), 2 brought terrible experiences to the people there. 3 earthquake started near the Myanmar-China border (边界). It made a big 4 (different) to people’s lives there. Many houses and buildings 5 (sudden) fell down, and thousands of people were 6 danger. About 1700 people died. It’s reported that it was the 7 (strong) earthquake at the beginning of 2025. After the earthquake, people from all directions offered a 8 (help) hand. Volunteers from nearby cities tried hard to help. They 9 (give) out food, water and medicine to people in need. Local people also took risks 10 (tell) each other the moment they realized there was an earthquake. What they did in times of difficulty brought people 11 (warm) and courage. Scientists said there might be more small quakes later. Then what can we do to save 12 (we)? Different people said differently. “In my opinion, we should build more strong houses to protect us 13 most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough.” said Dr. Aung. “We need to practice safety 14 (drill) every year,” said a teacher. “All students should know 15 to care for themselves during earthquakes.” 03 On April 20, 2013, an earthquake hit Ya’an, Sichuan Province. When the building began 1 (shake), a teacher at Fengcun School shouted 2 his students, “Earthquake! Run!” He opened the door 3 the same time. All the students bent down, covered 4 (they) heads with hands and left the building in order 5 (quick). Amazingly, they all made 6 safely within just seven seconds. No one 7 (get) hurt in the accident. From this lesson, people learn how 8 (protect) themselves in times 9 danger. First, we should keep calm. Don’t be afraid 10 we face natural disasters. Second, teamwork 11 (be) important. It can bring 12 (good) chances to live. Third, we need more escape drills. Practising often stops us from 13 (think) too much in real emergencies. Disasters 14 (come) at any time. Learn more skills, 15 we will live safely. 04 Earthquakes can occur anytime without warning, 1 it is important to be prepared and know how to protect yourself. When the earth begins to shake, stay calm. If you are inside, get under a table or bed 2 (protect) yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls 3 windows. Stay out of the kitchen and never get into a lift. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 4 buildings and trees. If you are in a vehicle, drive to a safe place far from trees or tall buildings. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water 5 possible. After the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors 6 an open area. Keep an eye out for things that can fall on you. Only make necessary phone calls, because too many calls will bring down the phone 7 (system). Staying calm 8 (improve) your chances of survival. It is not easy, 9 it can save your life. Remember these tips and you will know how 10 (stay) safe in an earthquake. 05 Typhoons are strong storms with powerful winds. They usually occur in the Western North Pacific. Typhoons form when warm water from the ocean meets special wind patterns. Typhoons can bring heavy rain and help cool down hot summers. 1 , they can be very dangerous and cause a lot of damage. During a typhoon, wind speeds can reach up to 225 kilometres per hour 2 even higher. This can lead to trees 3 (fall), buildings getting damaged, and some areas flooding. Wildfires are big, out-of-control fires. They happen in natural places like forests and grasslands. They can badly hurt animals, plants and the environment, 4 they are also dangerous to people living nearby. In 2023, Canada experienced many big forest fires, 5 (affect) an area of over 60,000 square kilometres. Floods are huge amounts of water 6 (cover) an area. They happen when there’s too much rain or when rivers overflow. Floods can hurt a lot of people and destroy farms, buildings and roads. In China, one of the biggest floods 7 (be) the 1998 Changjiang River flood. The PLA troops fought against this terrible flood 8 protected millions of people from drowning. They successfully kept major cities like Wuhan 9 (safe). Natural disasters are dangerous, but if we are prepared, we can reduce the damage 10 they cause. 培优篇 06 （25-26八年级下·山东济南·期中） Last Saturday afternoon, the sky turned dark suddenly and strong winds blew 1 (heavy). Black clouds covered 2 whole village, and the rain began to fall hard. Everyone felt scared, but 14-year-old Tom kept calm. He told his family and 3 (neighbor) not to panic. Tom remembered what his teacher had taught him about natural disasters. He knew a flash flood may come soon. 4 he was young, he decided to help everyone escape (逃脱). He ran from door to door, knocking loudly and telling people to move to higher places. An old grandma couldn’t walk fast, so Tom helped her get out of the house. He carried her bag and held her hand tightly. The flood came quickly, but Tom didn’t stop. He kept running until all villagers 5 (be) safe. It was the 6 (brave) thing he did in his life. After the flood, the villagers gathered together and talked about Tom’s story. They 7 (bring) fruits to thank him. Tom said he didn’t do anything special, but the villagers praised him for his courage. He often encourages 8 (he) and his friends to face difficulties bravely, because he believes that 9 (help) others is the most meaningful thing. Tom’s story spread in the village. Many students go to his home to learn from him. He prepares some books 10 (teach) his friends about disaster safety. Every time someone talks about him, they say he is a hero who saves the villagers in danger. 07 （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中） Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters. Unlike typhoons or floods, they strike without warning. 1 (receive) a three-second warning can save lives—enough time to hide under a strong table. When an earthquake happens, two types of seismic waves (地震波) travel at different 2 (speed). The faster wave causes little damage, 3 the slower wave brings strong shaking that can destroy buildings. This technology 4 (use) in many countries today, including Japan and Mexico. Last year, a big earthquake 5 (hit) Nepal. Thousands of buildings fell down, and over 8,000 people lost their lives. 6 warning system is not perfect, however. People near the epicenter (震中) may get no warning at all because the destructive wave arrives almost immediately. Some people have become less 7 (concern) about alerts after several false alarms, which is dangerous. Scientists believe that AI 8 (analyze) seismic data more quickly in the near future, possibly extending warning times to 30 seconds. If you live in an earthquake-prone (地震多发) area, prepare an emergency kit (应急包) with water, food, and a flashlight. Stay away 9 windows and heavy furniture during shaking. Many people 10 (prepare) their kits already, but others have not. Remember: those few seconds of preparation could save your life. 08 （25-26八年级下·山东枣庄·期中） Last Friday, a heavy rainstorm hit our town suddenly. While the rain 1 (beat) against the windows, most people 2 (feel) afraid. At that time, I 3 (do) my homework in the room. I looked outside and saw the water in the river rising. It was one of the scariest 4 (moment) in my life. 5 we cannot stop natural disasters, we can learn how to protect ourselves. First, we should 6 (stay) in a safe place. For example, if there is an earthquake, we should hide under a large and strong desk until the ground 7 (stop) shaking. Second, preparing a safety bag is 8 (important) than anything else. You should put some useful things in it, such as a bottle of water, some biscuits, and a key. In my opinion, being 9 (care) and ready is the best way to face danger. We should also listen to the news on the radio to get more information. If we follow the 10 (rule), we will be safer in the future. 09 Natural disasters are terrible events that can happen suddenly. They may cause a lot of damage and even lead to people’s 1 (die). Among all the natural disasters, earthquakes are one of the most 2 (danger) ones. An earthquake hit a small town last month. It was early in the morning 3 most people were still asleep. When the earthquake started, the ground shook violently. People screamed and ran out of their houses in a hurry. Some buildings fell down, and many roads 4 (break). The local government sent rescue teams right away. The rescuers tried their best 5 (save) people who were trapped under the ruins. They also provided food and water 6 the homeless. A few days later, the town began to recover. Volunteers from different cities came to help. They helped clean up the mess 7 repair the broken houses. Although people lost many things in the earthquake, they didn’t lose hope. They said they 8 (build) a better town with the help of the whole country. We should learn some safety skills to protect ourselves 9 natural disasters. For example, we should stay calm when an earthquake happens. If we are indoors, we can hide under a strong table. And we mustn’t jump out of the window 10 any reason. 10 Secondary disasters are more dangerous than we think. They often happen after the first big disaster 1 (take) place. It’s important 2 (learn) how to protect ourselves from them. After an earthquake, landslides and fires are common secondary disasters. If you smell gas in the room, open the windows at once and get out 3 a hurry. Don’t use any electrical equipment, or it may cause 4 (danger) fire. When 5 (stay) in a shelter after a flood, pay attention to water pollution. Dirty water can spread diseases easily, so we must drink clean or boiled water 6 (avoid) being ill. For people who live in mountain areas, rockfalls may occur after heavy rains. Keep away from the mountains and don’t go near them 7 the rain stops completely. Remember that secondary disasters usually come without 8 (warn). We should listen to the weather report and official news every day. Being careful is the key to 9 (keep) safe. The more we know about secondary disasters, the 10 (safe) we will be in emergencies. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $