第21卷 现在完成时态的用法-2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦现在完成时核心用法，通过分层题型系统覆盖时间状语、主谓一致等考点，强化语境应用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇与语法|30题（含neither...nor...主谓一致、延续性动词转换等）|语境辨析单选题|从基本结构到特殊用法（被动/倒装）的递进链条| |英汉互译|5题（含“上映”“收到来信”时态填空）|英汉互译实践题|从语法规则到实际语言运用的转化逻辑|

编写说明：【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、《湖南省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是41份知识点训练卷。第二部分是真题题型44份专项训练卷。第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第21卷，是现在完成时的用法考点训练卷。 【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第21卷 考点训练卷·现在完成时的用法 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 词汇与语法 (共30小题；每小题3分，满分90分) 1．—The cartoon Stand by Me Doraemon 2 is on these days. I think it’s the best one. —Really? I________ it. I can’t wait to see it. A．didn’t see B．won’t see C．don’t see D．haven’t seen 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：一卡通片《哆啦A梦：伴我同行2》这几天上映了。我觉得这是最好的。一真的吗？我还没看过。我等不及要看了。根据“The cartoon Stand by Me Doraemon 2 is on these days. I think it’s the best one.”以及“I can’t wait to see it.”可知，我还没看过，过去发生的动作持续到现在，时态应为现在完成时。故选D。 2．—How well you play the piano! —Glad you like it. Thanks to my mom, I ________ the hobby since I was young. A．develop B．developed C．will develop D．have developed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：—你钢琴弹得真好！—很高兴你喜欢。多亏了我妈妈，我从小就培养了这个爱好。根据时间状语“since I was young.”可知，主句应用现在完成时，现在完成时态的构成是“have/has+过去分词”。故选D。 3．Chenzhou ________ thousands of tourists in the past ten years. A．had attracted B．has attracted C．is attracted D．attracts 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，郴州吸引了成千上万的游客。时间状语in the past ten years是现在完成时的标志词，表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，现在完成时的结构是：have/has+动词过去分词。故选B。 4．Unfortunately, many young people ________ physical exercise for too long. A．has ignored B．ignores C．have ignored D．ignored 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不幸的是，许多年轻人忽视体育锻炼太久了。 时间状语for too long表示动作持续至现在，要求使用现在完成时，结构为：have /has +过去分词，主语“many young people”为复数名词，用have ignored。 5．Neither the rain nor the strong wind ________ stopped them from going hiking.​ A．has B．have C．is D．are​ 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：既不是下雨也不是刮大风阻止他们去徒步旅行。主语（Neither the rain nor the strong wind）是谓语动作“阻止”的实施者，需用主动语态；空处需填入助动词（have/has）与过去分词“stopped”构成现在完成时；“neither ... nor ...”连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语动词的那个主语保持一致。在本句中，“the strong wind (单数意义)”是靠近谓语动词的主语，助动词用单数形式has。故选A。 6．In the past 40 years, Zhang Guimei ________ many girls from poor areas in Yunnan A．helped B．is helping C．has helped D．will help 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的40年里，张桂梅帮助了许多来自云南贫困地区的女孩。根据“In the past 40 years (在过去的40年里)”可知，句子要用现在完成时，结构为has/have done，主语为第三人称单数Zhang Guimei，谓语为has helped。故选C。 7．We ________ each other since we were nine or ten. A．have known B．are knowing C．will know D．knew 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：我们从九岁或十岁就认识了。根据时间状语“since we were nine or ten”可知，此处应用现在完成时，现在完成时的结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，“we”是复数，助动词用“have”，所以是have known。故选A。 8．He ________ in the army since I met him three years ago. A．is B．was C．has joined D．has been 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在完成时及延续性动词的用法。句意：自从我三年前认识他以来，他一直在军队里。根据时间状语“since I met him three years ago (自从我三年前认识他以来)”可知，参军已持续了三年，并且还有可能延续下去，故时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”；since引导的时间状语或状从是短时间含义，需和延续性动词或短语连用，“be in (在…之中)”为延续性动词，而be的过去分词为been。故选D。 9．The United Nations _________ an important role in international relations since its founding.​ A．play B．plays C．has played D．have played​ 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：联合国自成立以来，在国际关系中发挥着重要作用。“since its founding”是现在完成时的标志，且“The United Nations”是一个单数专有名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，因此要用has played。故选C。 10．His sister left home in 1998, and ________ since. A．had not been heard of B．has not been heard of C．had not heard of D．has not heard of 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他姐姐1998年离家出走，从此杳无音信。根据“His sister left home in 1998”可知，他姐姐1998年之前是有音信的，由此可判断，空处表达的是从1998年到现在一直没有音信，因此应使用现在完成时；动词短语“hear of”表示“听说”，和句子的主语“His sister”之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，现在完成时的被动语态结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”。故选B。 11．David is very productive and ________ five books in the past ten years. A．writes B．wrote C．has written D．is writing 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：大卫工作效率很高，在刚过去的十年间，他已经写了五本书了。根据时间状语“in the past ten years (在刚过去的十年间)”可知，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在或强调对现在的影响，因此需要使用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。故选C。 12．So far, we ________ about one thousand English words. A．learned B．have learned C．learn D．are learning 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，我们已经学习了一千个左右的英语单词。so far是现在完成时的标志之一，本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作，需用现在完成时have/has+done。故选B。 13．It is the first time I ________ visitors since I moved to London. A．had had B．have had C．have D．had 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是我搬到伦敦以来第一次有人来拜访我。分析句子可知，since引导的是时间状语从句，“since+一般过去时”为现在完成时的时间状语，说明主句时态应用现在完成时。故选B。 14．William Shakespeare ________ for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A．died B．was dying C．has died D．has been dead 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：威廉·莎士比亚已经去世400年了，但他的作品至今仍有很大的影响。根据时间状语for 400 years可知，句子时态是现在完成时，动词die是非延续性的，不能与一段时间连用，需要转换为be dead形式，故用has been dead。故选D。 15．—Our computer is working again! —Yes. Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him about an hour. A．has fixed B．will fix C．was fixing D．fixed 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：一我们的电脑又好了！一是的。我们的计算机老师已经修好了。花了他一个小时。根据“Our computer is working again!”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，表示“电脑可以工作了”，应用现在完成时，结构为has/have done。故选A。 16．—Our country ________ a lot so far. —Yes. I hope it will be even ________. A． has changed;well B．changed;good C．has changed;better D．changed;better 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时和形容词比较级。句意：—到目前，我们国家已经有了很大变化。—是的，我希望它会变得更好。根据时间状语“so far”可知，第一空表示过去已发生动作持续到现在的状态，应用现在完成时has changed；副词“even”修饰形容词比较级，“good”的比较级是“better”。故选C。 17．The Chinese ________ the Spring Festival for thousands of years. A．celebrated B．celebrates C．have celebrated D．will celebrate 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：中国人庆祝春节已有数千年的历史。分析句子可知，此处是谓语动词；根据时间状语“for thousands of years”可知，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选C。 18．—Lisa, have you ever visited Yuntai Mountain? —Yes, I ________ in Yuntai Mountain for three days last month and enjoyed myself there. A．stay B．stayed C．have stayed D．will stay 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：—Lisa，你去过云台山吗？—是的，我在云台山待了三天，在那儿玩得很开心。根据上文“have you ever visited Yuntai Mountain?”结合时间状语for three days指的是一段时间，可知句子时态用现在完成时，即have/has+ 动词的过去分词，主语是I，用have，stay的过去分词是stayed。故选C项。 19．More than one country ________ signed the international agreement so far.​ A．has B．have C．had D．is having​ 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致和现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，不止一个国家签署了这项国际协议。“more than one + 单数名词”作主语时谓语动词用单数；根据时间标志词“so far”判断句子用现在完成时，has signed符合主谓一致和时态要求。故选A。 20．I ________ this book three times, so I don’t want to read it again.​ A．read B．have read C．will read D．am reading​ 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这本书我已经读了三遍，所以我不想再读了。根据“three times”以及“I don’t want to read it again”可知，读三遍这个动作发生在过去，且对现在造成了不想再读的影响，要用现在完成时“have read”。故选B。 21．China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 2012. A．makes B．made C．has made D．had made 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：2012年以来，中国科技事业取得了巨大成就。“since 2012”是现在完成时的标志词，故本句用现在完成时，现在完成时的构成是“have/has + 过去分词”；“China”是第三人称单数，所以用“has”，“make”的过去分词是“made”，因此选择“has made”。故选C。 22．In the last few months, this country ________ great achievements in containing the spread of the virus. A．has made B．had made C．was making D．is making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在过去的几个月里，这个国家在控制病毒传播方面取得了巨大的成就。 时间状语In the last few months表示从过去延续到现在的时段，需用现在完成时（have /has +过去分词）。 23．The classmates ________ many interesting games for our class celebration this Friday. We can’t wait!​ A．prepare B．prepared C．have prepared D．will prepare​ 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：同学们已经为本周五的班级庆祝活动准备了很多有趣的游戏。我们都等不及了！根据后半句We can’t wait!可知，说明准备游戏这个动作已经完成，对现在造成了“我们十分期待”的影响，该句应用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）。故选C。 24．Over the years, mobile payment ________ our lives more convenient. A．has made B．have made C．made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多年来，移动支付使我们的生活更加方便。 根据时间状语“Over the years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“have /has+done”；主语mobile payment为第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。 25．— I haven’t seen Jack for days. Where ________ he ________? — He ________ to Beijing on business. A．has; gone; has gone B．has; been; has been C．is; going; is going D．did; go; went 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：——我好几天没见到杰克了。他去哪里了？——他去北京出差了。have/has gone to表示“去了某地未回”，have/has been to表示“去过某地已回”，此处杰克还未回来，需用has gone。故选A。 26．— Tony, why are you in the classroom? Class is over for twenty minutes. — Because I ________ my homework and I still need a few more minutes. A．didn’t finish B．haven’t finished C．don’t finish D．won’t finish 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——Tony，你怎么还在教室？已经下课20分钟了。——因为我还没完成作业，还需要几分钟。本句中，“没完成作业”这个过去开始的状态持续到现在，直接导致了“留在教室”的结果，所以要用现在完成时，结构为：has /have done。故选B。 27．My mom ________ a teacher at a middle school for 20 years. A．has been B．will be C．had been D．was 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：我妈妈在一所中学当了20年的老师。时间状语for 20 years是现在完成时的标志，表示动作从过去开始延续至今，应使用现在完成时，结构为“has/have+过去分词”。故选A。 28．Over the years, the skill of making porcelain ________ a lot. A．improves B．improved C．has improved D．will improve 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：多年来，制瓷技术有了很大的进步。根据“Over the years”可知，此处表示一个发生在过去的动作延续到现在，并且有可能继续延续下去，用现在完成时：has/have done。故选C。 29．In the past three years, I ________ a great time in Red Star International School. A．have B．had C．have had D．had had 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的三年里，我在红星国际学校度过了一段美好的时光。根据时间状语In the past three years可知，表示动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，强调与现在的联系，句子时态应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。故选C。 30．She is a strong-willed woman and not once ___________ in to any difficulty in her life. A．she has given B．did she give C．she gave D．has she given 【答案】D 【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：她是个意志坚强的女人，在她的生活中一次也没有向任何困难屈服过。根据“not once (从未)”位于句首需部分倒装（即助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语 ）；时间状语“in her life”强调从过去持续到现在的经历，因此应使用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词），“has she given”符合要求。故选D。 二、英汉互译 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 31．Our hotel has just updated the locking system. ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】我们酒店刚刚更新了锁闭系统。 【详解】考查简单句及现在完成时。分析句子结构可知，这是一个简单陈述句，使用了现在完成时。“Our hotel”作主语，意为“我们酒店”；“has just updated”作谓语，意为“刚刚更新了”；“the locking system”作宾语，意为“锁闭系统”。故本句译为：我们酒店刚刚更新了锁闭系统。 32．I have received proper training on how to operate the machine safely. ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】我已接受过关于如何安全操作这台机器的适当培训。 【详解】考查特殊疑问词+不定式结构作宾语和现在完成时。I：我，人称代词作主语；have received：已接收，作谓语，现在完成时；proper training on：关于……的适当的培训，形容词“proper”作定语，“training”作宾语；how to operate the machine safely：如何安全操作这台机器，“特殊疑问词+不定式”的结构作宾语，副词“safely”作状语修饰动词“operate”。故本句译为：我已接受过关于如何安全操作这台机器的适当培训。 33．I have attached my resumé to this email. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】随此邮件已附上我的简历。 【详解】考查陈述句和现在完成时。根据“.”可知，句子是陈述句。I：我，作主语；have attached：已经附上，现在完成时结构，作谓语；my resumé：我的简历，作宾语；to this email：到这封邮件，作状语。根据用于习惯，调整部分语序。故本句译为：随此邮件已附上我的简历。 34．The film ________ (上映) for half an hour. 【答案】has been on 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：电影已经上映半个小时了。根据时间状语“for half an hour”可知，句子应使用现在完成时have/has done，空处要用延续性动作，根据汉语提示，空处应用be on，表示“已经开始了”，其中“on”是副词，表示状态，且主语“The film”是单数形式。故填has been on。 35．I haven’t ________ (收到来信) him for long. 【答案】heard from 【详解】考查动词短语和现在完成时。句意：我很久没有收到他的来信了。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用动词短语“hear from”；根据“for long”和空前的助动词“haven’t”可知，句子为现在完成时，故空处用动词过去分词。故填heard from。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、《湖南省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是41份知识点训练卷。第二部分是真题题型44份专项训练卷。第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第21卷，是现在完成时的用法考点训练卷。 【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第21卷 考点训练卷·现在完成时的用法 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 词汇与语法 (共30小题；每小题3分，满分90分) 1．—The cartoon Stand by Me Doraemon 2 is on these days. I think it’s the best one. —Really? I________ it. I can’t wait to see it. A．didn’t see B．won’t see C．don’t see D．haven’t seen 2．—How well you play the piano! —Glad you like it. Thanks to my mom, I ________ the hobby since I was young. A．develop B．developed C．will develop D．have developed 3．Chenzhou ________ thousands of tourists in the past ten years. A．had attracted B．has attracted C．is attracted D．attracts 4．Unfortunately, many young people ________ physical exercise for too long. A．has ignored B．ignores C．have ignored D．ignored 5．Neither the rain nor the strong wind ________ stopped them from going hiking.​ A．has B．have C．is D．are​ 6．In the past 40 years, Zhang Guimei ________ many girls from poor areas in Yunnan A．helped B．is helping C．has helped D．will help 7．We ________ each other since we were nine or ten. A．have known B．are knowing C．will know D．knew 8．He ________ in the army since I met him three years ago. A．is B．was C．has joined D．has been 9．The United Nations _________ an important role in international relations since its founding.​ A．play B．plays C．has played D．have played​ 10．His sister left home in 1998, and ________ since. A．had not been heard of B．has not been heard of C．had not heard of D．has not heard of 11．David is very productive and ________ five books in the past ten years. A．writes B．wrote C．has written D．is writing 12．So far, we ________ about one thousand English words. A．learned B．have learned C．learn D．are learning 13．It is the first time I ________ visitors since I moved to London. A．had had B．have had C．have D．had 14．William Shakespeare ________ for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A．died B．was dying C．has died D．has been dead 15．—Our computer is working again! —Yes. Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him about an hour. A．has fixed B．will fix C．was fixing D．fixed 16．—Our country ________ a lot so far. —Yes. I hope it will be even ________. A． has changed;well B．changed;good C．has changed;better D．changed;better 17．The Chinese ________ the Spring Festival for thousands of years. A．celebrated B．celebrates C．have celebrated D．will celebrate 18．—Lisa, have you ever visited Yuntai Mountain? —Yes, I ________ in Yuntai Mountain for three days last month and enjoyed myself there. A．stay B．stayed C．have stayed D．will stay 19．More than one country ________ signed the international agreement so far.​ A．has B．have C．had D．is having​ 20．I ________ this book three times, so I don’t want to read it again.​ A．read B．have read C．will read D．am reading​ 21．China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 2012. A．makes B．made C．has made D．had made 22．In the last few months, this country ________ great achievements in containing the spread of the virus. A．has made B．had made C．was making D．is making 23．The classmates ________ many interesting games for our class celebration this Friday. We can’t wait!​ A．prepare B．prepared C．have prepared D．will prepare​ 24．Over the years, mobile payment ________ our lives more convenient. A．has made B．have made C．made 25．— I haven’t seen Jack for days. Where ________ he ________? — He ________ to Beijing on business. A．has; gone; has gone B．has; been; has been C．is; going; is going D．did; go; went 26．— Tony, why are you in the classroom? Class is over for twenty minutes. — Because I ________ my homework and I still need a few more minutes. A．didn’t finish B．haven’t finished C．don’t finish D．won’t finish 27．My mom ________ a teacher at a middle school for 20 years. A．has been B．will be C．had been D．was 28．Over the years, the skill of making porcelain ________ a lot. A．improves B．improved C．has improved D．will improve 29．In the past three years, I ________ a great time in Red Star International School. A．have B．had C．have had D．had had 30．She is a strong-willed woman and not once ___________ in to any difficulty in her life. A．she has given B．did she give C．she gave D．has she given 二、英汉互译 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 31．Our hotel has just updated the locking system. ______________________________________________________________________________ 32．I have received proper training on how to operate the machine safely. ____________________________________________________________________________ 33．I have attached my resumé to this email. ____________________________________________________________ 34．The film ________ (上映) for half an hour. 35．I haven’t ________ (收到来信) him for long. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $