Unit 1 阅读训练 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 聚焦阅读技能层级突破，融合细节定位、推理判断等方法，以历史文化与教育主题为载体，系统培养语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读选择|4题（孔子）|细节题定位原文、推理题文本推断、标题题主旨概括|从基础信息提取到深层意义理解，构建“事实→推断→主旨”认知链| |任务型阅读|5空+思维导图（西南联大）|阅读还原上下文逻辑匹配、思维导图信息分层整合|以时间线与特征维度梳理语篇结构，强化信息关联能力| |阅读表达|4题（AI教育与夜校）|信息归纳精准提炼、开放问题辩证表达|结合跨时代教育话题，提升批判性思维与文化对比意识|

8B Unit 1阅读训练 一、阅读选择 Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would say: Confucius. He was born over 2,000 years ago, but people still remember him nowadays. Confucius lived in the kingdom of Lu, part of today's Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. His childhood was sad. His father died when he was only 3 and he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didn't give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and developed a private school. At that time only children from rich families could go to school set up by the government, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius' lessons. He told us that everyone has something worthy to learn and to teach. "When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them. I take their bad qualities and change them in myself." He also taught us,"All study but no thinking makes people puzzled(困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy." Confucius is not only a great teacher,but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners(礼仪). "A kind person should care for others. Be strict with yourself,but be kind to others,"he said. 1. Confucius developed the private school so that A. he could find himself a job as a teacher B. children could learn at school rather than at home C. he could be the first teacher in Chinese history D. children from poor families could go to school as well 2. Confucius not only gave lessons but also A. encouraged people to be strict B. offered students puzzles C. advised people to behave well D. taught students how to make friends 3. According to the passage, what can we learn about or from Confucius? A. Confucius is the greatest poet in Chinese history. B. Confucius was born in a rich family. C. We should always care for ourselves. D. Thinking is very important in study. 4.Which is the best title for this story? A. Confucius' teaching methods B. A great man with a hard childhood C. A person who changed Chinese history D. Confucius-A great teacher and thinker 二、任务型阅读 National Southwestern Associated University(Xinan Lianda) was a great university. It was open from 1938 to 1946 as a wartime university. How was the university built? Why was it a great university? What was it like to study there? Read on to find out. Heading to the south In 1937, the Japanese army took over Peking University and Tsinghua University in Beijing and bombed(轰炸)Nankai University in Tianjin. Teachers and students from the three universities first moved to Changsha to work together. 1.__________ And they set up National Southwestern Associated University there. Some teachers and students walked thousands of kilometres from Changsha to Kunming. Modern teaching Xinan Lianda used modern ways to teach its students. Its principals Jiang Menglin, Mei Yiqi and Zhang Boling received both Chinese and Western education. They provided general education(通识教育).2.__________ Instead,they first took general courses,such as Chinese and English. Xinan Lianda was home to many famous teachers. 3.__________Writers like Wen Yiduo, Shen Congwen and Zhu Ziqing all taught there. Hard times The school's teachers and students didn't have enough food, books or clothing. Forty students had to live in a big thatched(茅草屋顶的) room. There were bugs(虫子)everywhere. Some students caught them and kept them in bottles. 4._____________ Bombings were common. In 1940, Professor Fei Xiaotong's house was attacked(攻击).He lost his draft(手稿) of a book he was writing. But these hard times didn't stop the students or teachers. Coming to an end 5. ______________But Xinan Lianda's normal college remained and was renamed Yunnan Normal University in1984. A)阅读还原 A.It had 179 professors(教授). B. Changsha was a safe city at that time. C. The students' lives were even in danger. D. Later in 1938,they moved to Kunming, Yunnan. E. Many teachers have built new houses for students. F. Students in their first year didn't have to pick majors(专业). G. After the war,the three universities returned to their homes in 1946. B）任务型阅读 为了更好地了解西南联大,Millie绘制如下思维导图,请帮她补充完整吧!(每空词 数不限) 三、阅读表达 Article 1: "Turn left! Turn right!" In the information technology(IT) class, Zhang Ruixuan was controlling a robot to move around. It is a part of their artificial intelligence( Al) courses. In fact, having AI education in schools has become a growing trend(趋势) in many places, with Zhejiang Province being a typical example. In the future, there will be more jobs where AI knowledge is required. Even in daily life, people may need to understand things like ChatGPT and the Internet of Things. Article 2: A growing number of Chinese people go to night schools. They can get colourful courses from dancing and sports to wine tasting. These courses usually cost hardly anything. They have become popular among young people who want to look for new skills, hobbies and friends. In the 1980s, many people studied at night schools for middle school courses. However, night schools disappeared because of the popularization of higher education. The latest fashion came to Shanghai in 2023, when more than 650,000 people competed for 10,000 places at the city's night schools. Night schools have also quickly appeared in other cities. Miss Wang in Wuhan thinks night schools are good places to make friends. "I used to spend much of my time alone. Since I attended the night school, I have felt closer to the modern society. Besides, chatting with people with similar hobbies is a lot of fun,"she said. 1. What can you learn from Article 1? 2. What do you think of the night schools in Article2?Why do you think so? 3. What are the differences between the past and present schools according to what you have learnt? 4.What do you think the school in the future will be like? 答案： 一.1-4 DCDD 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了孔子的生平、生活、教育成就以及思想方面的伟大成就。 1.D 解析：细节理解题。根据 "Later,he became a teacher and developed a private school...but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn." 可知，他创立学校是为了让穷人的孩子也能上学。故选 D。 2.C 解析：细节理解题。根据 "His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners." 可知，孔子不仅讲学，而且对人们的行为提出了建议。故选 C。 3.D 解析：推理判断题。根据 "He also taught us,'All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.'" 可知，思考在学习中很重要。故选 D。 4.D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了孔子的生平、生活、教育成就以及思想方面的伟大成就。故文章的标题可以是 D 项 "Confucius-A great teacher and thinker (孔子一位伟大的教师和思想家)"。故选 D。 二.1-5 DFACG 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西南联大的发展历程。 1.D 解析：根据 "And they set up National Southwestern Associated University there. Some teachers and students walked thousands of kilometres from Changsha to Kunming." 可知，学校搬到了昆明，选项 D"后来在 1938 年，他们搬到了云南昆明。" 符合语境。故选 D。 2.F 解析：根据 "Instead,they first took general courses, such as Chinese and English." 可知，学生不选专业，选项 F"大一的学生不需要选择专业。" 符合语境。故选 F。 3.A 解析：根据 "Xinan Lianda was home to many famous teachers." 可知，此处在介绍老师，选项 A"共有 179 名教授。" 符合语境。故选 A。 4.C 解析：根据 "Bombings were common." 可知，很危险，选项 C"学生们的生命甚至处于危险之中。" 符合语境。故选 C。 5.G 解析：根据 "Coming to an end" 和 "But Xinan Lianda's normal college remained and was renamed Yunnan Normal University in1984." 可知，师范学院在战后留了下来，选项 G"战争结束后，这三所大学于 1946 年重返原址。" 符合语境。故选 G。 【思维导图】 1.Peking University,Tsinghua University and Nankai University 解析：根据原文 "In1937,the Japanese army took over Peking University and Tsinghua University in Beijing and bombed Nankai University in Tianjin. Teachers and students from the three universities first moved to Changsha to work together." 可知 1937 年来自这三所大学的师生，故填 Peking University,Tsinghua University and Nankai University。 2.Changsha 解析：根据原文 "Teachers and students from the three universities first moved to Changsha to work together." 可知首先搬到长沙，故填 Changsha。 3. Kunming (Yunnan) 解析：根据原文 "Later in1938,they moved to Kunming,Yunnan. And they set up National Southwestern Associated University there.", 可知西南联大建立在云南昆明，故填 Kunming (Yunnan)。 4.1946 解析：根据原文 "After the war,the three universities returned to their homes in 1946.", 可知 1946 年三所大学返回原址，故填 1946。 5.Yunnan Normal University 解析：根据原文 "But Xinan Lianda's normal college remained and was renamed Yunnan Normal University in1984.", 可知更名为云南师范大学，故填 Yunnan Normal University。 6. general education 解析：根据原文 "They provided general education.", 可知西南联大提供通识教育，故填 general education。 7.second year 解析：根据原文 "Students in the first year didn't have to pick majors. Instead,they first took general courses", 可推断学生在 "大二" 选择专业，故填 second year。 8.not enough 解析：根据原文 "The school's teachers and students didn't have enough food,books or clothing.", 可知生活条件 "不足", 故填 not enough。 9.dangerous 解析：根据原文 "The students'lives were even in danger.Bombings were common.", 可知环境 "危险", 故填 dangerous。 三、阅读表达 1. Having AI education in schools has become a growing trend in many places, and in the future,more jobs will require AI knowledge, and people may need to understand things like ChatGPT and the Internet of Things. 2.(示例) They are great.Because they provide colourful and cheap courses,help people learn new skills,develop hobbies and make friends, and make people feel closer to modern society. 3. (示例) In the past,night schools mainly offered middle school courses for people to get basic education; now, night schools provide colourful courses like dancing and wine tasting for people to learn new skills and develop hobbies. In the past, AI courses were not common in schools; now, having AI education in schools has become a trend. 4.(示例) The school in the future may have more AI-related courses,and students can learn through more advanced technologies like virtual reality. Night schools may be more popular and offer more diverse courses to meet people's different needs. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $