期末复习之语法填空15篇（期末热点话题）-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第四册

期末复习之语法填空15篇 （期末热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练：主要分为以下三个热点话题 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 3. 人与自然 每个话题对应五篇专项练习 人与自我 Passage 1 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Yangzhou, a city in Jiangsu Province, young people are rushing to a local traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) hospital, not for medical care, but for bread. Since early April, the hospital 1 (gain) local fame for its special series of breads containing Chinese medicinal herbs (药草) The herbal bread series, 2 (develop) by the Preventive Treatment Center of the hospital, combines culinary (烹饪的) innovation with wellness culture 3 has attracted health-conscious youth as well as food enthusiasts. “The idea came from observing the growing demand among young people for healthier lifestyles and foods 4 can address health problems,” said Chen Wei, deputy director of the center. “TCM dietary therapy is 5 vital part of preventive healthcare. By making ancient wisdom 6 (access) and delicious, we hope to encourage younger generations to embrace holistic wellness. These breads follow the rising trend of wellness-focused diets, 7 (particular) for those experiencing issues like tiredness or weak immunity. They are in line 8 TCM’s philosophy of ‘preventive treatment’ — solving health problems before they appear,” Chen explained. 9 (perfect) the recipes, the team experimented with different methods, such as boiling herbs into liquid blends for dough. After months of trials, six varieties of bread were launched, priced at about 10yuan a piece. At first, sales 10 (limit) to a short period each afternoon. However, the subtle herbal aroma and unique flavors quickly won praise from customers. The bread often sold out within minutes. 【答案】 1．has gained 2．developed 3．and 4．that/which 5．a 6．accessible 7．particularly 8．with 9．To perfect 10．were limited 【导语】本文主要介绍了江苏扬州一家中医院推出的含有中药草的特色面包系列，该系列面包将烹饪创新与养生文化相结合，受到年轻人和美食爱好者的欢迎。 1．考查时态。句意：自4月初以来，这家医院因其含有中药草的特色面包系列而在当地声名鹊起。根据时间状语“Since early April”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the hospital是单数，助动词用has。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：由医院预防治疗中心开发的中药面包系列将烹饪创新与养生文化相结合，吸引了注重健康的年轻人和美食爱好者。develop在句中作定语，与逻辑主语The herbal bread series构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 3．考查连词。句意：由医院预防治疗中心开发的中药面包系列将烹饪创新与养生文化相结合，吸引了注重健康的年轻人和美食爱好者。combines culinary (烹饪的) innovation with wellness culture与has attracted health-conscious youth as well as food enthusiasts为并列关系，应用连词and连接。 4．考查定语从句。句意：“这个想法来自于观察到年轻人对更健康的生活方式和能够解决健康问题的食物的需求日益增长，”该中心副主任陈伟说。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词foods，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。 5．考查冠词。句意：中医食疗是预防保健的重要组成部分。此处修饰单数名词part，表泛指“一个重要的组成部分”，且vital以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 6．考查形容词。句意：通过让古老的智慧变得易于获得且美味，我们希望鼓励年轻一代接受全面的健康理念。此处作宾补，表示“易于获得的”应用形容词accessible。 7．考查副词。句意：这些面包顺应了以健康为重点的饮食趋势，尤其是对于那些经历疲劳或免疫力低下等问题的人来说。此处修饰后文介词短语，应用副词particularly，作状语。 8．考查介词。句意：它们符合中医“治未病”的理念——在健康问题出现之前就解决它们。结合语境可知，此处表示“符合”，应用固定短语be in line with。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了完善食谱，团队尝试了不同的方法，比如将草药煮成液体混合物用于面团。perfect在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。 10．考查时态语态。句意：起初，销售仅限于每天下午的短时间。空处为句子谓语部分，主语sales与limit构成被动关系，且根据上文At first可知，为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为sales，谓语用复数。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Where Stories Meet History,” organized by China National Publications, 1 (stage) at the London Book Fair on Tuesday, marking the official English-language launch of Three Thousand Years In a Glance, 2 award-winning long-form fairy tale by Chinese writer Li Shanshan. Published in 2023 and inspired by the mysterious Bronze Age Sanxingdui civilization, the book with themes of cultural heritage and personal growth, 3 (track) the 3,000-year journey of Duidui, from a piece of ancient clay 4 (bury) for centuries to its rediscovery as a witness 5 the rebirth of relics. Mixing historical facts with personified storytelling, Author Li Shanshan emphasized that fairy tales about cultural heritage must be grounded in real archaeology (考古学). That’s 6 she spent years gaining hands-on experience at an excavation (挖掘) site to display the emotional connection between relics and restorers. The exploding popularity of this book comes down to British readers’ long-standing 7 (prefer) for historical fiction, 8 has fueled rounds of praise for Li’s ability to let the relics speak for themselves, transforming dry historical terms into vivid characters. Ferelith Hordon, 9 (represent) the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) UK, highlighted that fairy tales prevent artifacts from 10 (simple) being seen as “cold objects” in glass cases, strengthening the “spiritual ties” between civilizations and helping children form their worldview and find warmth and human connection in history. 【答案】 1．was staged 2．an 3．tracks 4．buried 5．to 6．why 7．preference 8．which 9．representing 10．simply 【导语】文章主要介绍活动在伦敦书展举办，中国获奖童话新书首发，讲述书籍内容、创作背景及海外受欢迎的原因与意义。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：由中国国家出版机构主办的“故事遇见历史”活动周二在伦敦书展举行，标志着中国作家李姗姗获奖长篇童话《一眼三千年》英文正式发布。主语 “Where Stories Meet History,”与stage之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态was staged。 2．考查冠词。句意同一小题。此处泛指一部获奖童话，award-winning以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 3．考查一般现在时主谓一致。句意：该书于2023年出版，灵感源自神秘的青铜时代三星堆文明，以文化遗产与自我成长为主题，讲述了黏土人偶嘟嘟跨越三千年的经历：它从一块沉睡千年的古泥土，到重见天日，见证文物重焕新生的全过程。主语the book为单数，全文介绍书籍内容用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式tracks。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意同3小题。clay与bury是被动关系，用过去分词buried作后置定语。 5．考查介词固定搭配。句意同3小题。固定搭配a witness to...表示“……的见证者”。 6．考查表语从句。句意：这就是她多年来在考古现场积累实操经验，以此展现文物与修复者之间情感联结的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，强调结果，应用连接副词why引导。 7．考查名词。句意：这本书的爆火，归根结底是因为英国读者一直偏爱历史小说，这也让人们纷纷称赞作者李姗姗能够让文物自述故事，把枯燥的历史术语化作鲜活的人物形象。形容词long-standing后接名词，prefer的名词形式是preference，不可数。 8．考查非限制性定语从句。句意同7小题。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整件事，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：费雷利斯・霍登代表国际儿童读物联盟英国分会强调，童话故事能够避免文物仅仅被视作玻璃展柜里的“冰冷物件”，从而加固文明之间的精神纽带，帮助孩子们树立世界观，在历史中感受温情与人文联结。空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，Ferelith Hordon和represent是主动关系，应用现在分词representing。 10．考查副词。句意同9小题。修饰动词being seen，用副词simply。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Zhang Binyang, 35, a Shanghai native who works in ShenZhen, spending weekends at hotels has become a way of life. During his junior year as 1 exchange student in America, he was first introduced to the “weekend hotel lifestyle” by his Turkish roommate. It was like a key that unlocked a new door to his future work and life. After graduating 2 university, he chose not to settle in his hometown despite owning a home there. Instead, he began moving between cities, 3 (part) because of his job, but more importantly, out of his passion for 4 (explore) new places. So he has stayed at many hotels in China and abroad. Even when he returns to his home in Shanghai, he still prefers to spend 5 (weekend) at a hotel. By choosing this lifestyle, not only does he relax himself but also he 6 (enjoy) exploring and discovering local history and culture. For instance, during some hotel stays, he has enjoyed delicious afternoon tea 7 toured exhibitions, while during others, he has found hidden waterfalls and even museums, 8 always excites him and keeps him curious about his next adventure. Besides, the cleaning and laundry services 9 (provide) by hotels save him from doing the household chores he dislikes doing. Unlike those who use hotels to avoid social interaction on weekends, Zhang said that he has developed several new and 10 (meaning) friendships through hotel activities. 【答案】 1．an 2．from 3．partly 4．exploring 5．weekends 6．enjoys 7．and 8．which 9．provided 10．meaningful 【导语】主要讲述上海籍上班族张宾阳（音译）常年选择周末入住酒店的生活方式，介绍该生活习惯的由来、个人收获以及独特生活价值。 1．考查冠词。句意：在美国做交换生的大三期间，他从土耳其室友那里第一次了解到“周末酒店生活方式”。exchange student为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，exchange以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。 2．考查介词。句意：大学毕业后，尽管在家乡有住房，他还是选择不在家乡定居。此处为固定搭配graduate from university，意为“从大学毕业”，所以填from。 3．考查副词。句意：相反，他开始在不同城市之间辗转，一部分原因是工作需要，但更重要的是，出于探索新地方的热爱。此处修饰because of his job，需用副词形式，part的副词为partly意为“部分地”。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：反，他开始在不同城市之间辗转，一部分原因是工作需要，但更重要的是，出于探索新地方的热爱。介词for后接动名词作宾语，所以此处为explore的动名词形式exploring。 5．考查名词复数。句意：即使回到上海的家中，他依旧更喜欢在酒店度过周末。此处表泛指多个周末，weekend为可数名词，用复数weekends。 6．考查动词时态。句意：选择这种生活方式，他不仅放松自我，还享受探索和发掘当地历史文化。句子描述习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词用enjoys。 7．考查连词。句意：例如，入住部分酒店时，他会享用精致下午茶并参观展览，然而，在另一些时候，他寻得隐秘的瀑布，甚至博物馆，这总能让他兴奋不已，保持对下次旅行的好奇。前后两个并列的谓语动作，为顺承关系，用并列连词and。 8．考查定语从句。句意：例如，入住部分酒店时，他会享用精致下午茶并参观展览，然而，在另一些时候，他寻得隐秘的瀑布，甚至博物馆，这总能让他兴奋不已，保持对下次旅行的好奇。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整件事，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，酒店提供的保洁与洗衣服务，让他不必做自己反感的家务。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，services与provide为被动关系，用过去分词provided。 10．考查形容词。句意：与借酒店逃避社交的人不同，张说他通过酒店活动收获了几段全新且有意义的友谊。此处修饰名词friendships，需用形容词，meaning的形容词形式为meaningful意为“有意义的”。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During my years in China, I was fortunate to explore its rich history, diverse cultures and incredible cuisine. As a student of Chinese language and culture, I   1 (introduce) to many extraordinary aspects of the country’s culinary heritage. One dish that particularly stood out for me was Crossing Bridge Rice Noodles (过桥米线), 2 specialty from Yunnan province. Though I had learned about its history and significance in the classroom, I never had the opportunity 3 (taste) it during my student years. It wasn’t until 2025, when I made a trip to Yunnan, 4 I finally had the chance to try the dish. It was served in a 5 (tradition) manner — each component presented 6 (separate) , allowing me to fill my bowl to my taste. As I savored each bite, I reflected on the 7 (similarity) between Yunnan cuisine and Nepali flavors. Both cultures pay special attention to fresh ingredients and the balance of textures in their dishes. The use of ginger, garlic and fragrant herbs reminded me of the flavors I grew up 8 in Nepal. It was fascinating to see how food can bridge cultural gaps 9 create a sense of familiarity even in a foreign land. 10 (enjoy) this dish in Yunnan was more than just having a meal. The experience connected me to China’s rich culinary heritage and reaffirmed the deep bond between food and culture. 【答案】 1．was introduced 2．a 3．to taste 4．that 5．traditional 6．separately 7．similarities 8．with 9．and 10．Enjoying 【导语】作者在中国了解多样饮食文化，前往云南品尝过桥米线，发现其风味与尼泊尔美食有共通之处，感悟美食能够跨越文化隔阂，联结不同地域的文化。 1．考查时态语态。句意：作为一名学习中国语言与文化的学生，我了解到中国饮食文化中许多非凡的方面。主语I与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时，谓语用单数。 2．考查冠词。句意：有一道菜给我留下了特别深刻的印象，那就是来自云南省的特色菜品“过桥米线”。此处specialty为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然我在课堂上已经了解了它的历史和意义，但在我的学生时代却从未有机会品尝过它。名词opportunity后跟不定式作后置定语。 4．考查强调句。句意：直到2025年，当我去了云南旅行之后，我才终于有机会品尝到这道菜。此处为强调句型：It was not until…that…表示“直到……才”。 5．考查形容词。句意：它是以传统的方式呈上的——每一道菜品都单独摆放，这样我就能够根据自己的口味随意盛取食物。修饰名词manner用形容词traditional，作定语。 6．考查副词。句意：它是以传统的方式呈上的——每一道菜品都单独摆放，这样我就能够根据自己的口味随意盛取食物。修饰动词presented用副词separately。 7．考查名词的数。句意：当我细细品味每一口食物时，我开始思考云南菜与尼泊尔美食之间的相似之处。根据后文between Yunnan cuisine and Nepali flavors可知数量大于一，用复数形式。 8．考查介词。句意：使用姜、蒜以及芳香类香草的做法让我想起了我在尼泊尔成长过程中所熟悉的味道。短语grow up with表示“伴随……长大”。 9．考查连词。句意：看到食物如何能够跨越文化差异，即便身处异国他乡也能营造出一种亲切感，这真是令人惊叹不已。并列连词，连接两个谓语动词bridge与create。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：在云南品尝这道菜，远不止是一顿简单的用餐体验。作句子的主语，用动名词形式，首字母大写。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, themed “Qiji Chicheng, Shibukedang”(Gallop like Steeds, Unstoppable Momentum), has become a grand cultural feast that connects tradition, innovation and global charm. Watched by billions at home and abroad, it is the most 1 (expect) annual celebration for Chinese families on Lunar New Year’s Eve. Rooted in Chinese civilization, the gala presents 2 visual feast that perfectly integrates cutting-edge technology with warm humanistic feelings. On the stage, humans and machines cooperate 3 (dynamic), perfectly embodying the spirit of innovation and tradition. With amazing stage designs and lifelike images, it treats audience 4 an unforgettable audiovisual experience. This year, four sub-venues are set up across China, 5 (enable) the world to savor a diverse and vivid Chinese New Year. 6 makes the gala so appealing is that it keeps pace with the times while passing down valuable traditions. Ever since its broadcast, the gala 7 (bridge) the gap between all walks of life, fostering a sense of national 8 (unite). As a bridge between China and the world, the gala promotes cultural exchange and makes the charm of Chinese culture seen globally. It carries the best wishes for the nation 9 passes on the warmth of family reunion to every corner of the world. More importantly, it inspires the younger generation 10 (carry) forward the Chinese culture with confidence and pride. 【答案】 1．expected 2．a 3．dynamically 4．to 5．enabling 6．What 7．has bridged 8．unity 9．and 10．to carry 【导语】本文介绍了2026年央视春晚的文化价值与时代意义。 1．考查形容词。句意：在世界各地有数十亿人观看的这场盛事，春晚是中国家庭在除夕夜最期待的年度庆祝活动。空格处修饰名词celebration，需要用形容词形式；expect是动词，其形容词形式expected表示“预料中的；期待的”，符合语境。 2．考查冠词。句意：根植于中国文明，春晚呈现了一场视觉盛宴，将尖端技术与温暖的人文情怀完美融合。根据空格后的单数名词feast可知，此处指“一场视觉盛宴”，空格处应该用不定冠词表示“一”，visual是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 3．考查副词。句意：在舞台上，人与机器动态协作，完美体现了创新与传统的精神。空格处修饰动词cooperate，需要用副词形式；dynamic是形容词，其副词形式dynamically表示“动态地；充满活力地”。 4．考查介词。句意：春晚以惊人的舞台设计和逼真的画面，为观众带来难忘的视听体验。treat sb. to sth.是固定搭配，意为“用某物招待某人；给某人带来某物”，所以填to。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年，中国各地设立了四个分会场，让世界能够品味多元生动的中国新年。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，句子的主语four sub-venues与动词enable之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词enabling。 6．考查主语从句。句意：春晚如此吸引人的原因在于它在传承宝贵传统的同时与时俱进。空格处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，所以用连接代词What，注意句首单词首字母大写。 7．考查动词时态。句意：自播出以来，春晚弥合了各行各业之间的差距，培养了民族凝聚力。空格处是谓语动词，时间状语Ever since its broadcast是现在完成时的标志，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语the gala是单数，所以填has bridged。 8．考查名词。句意：自播出以来，春晚弥合了各行各业之间的差距，培养了民族凝聚力。空格处作介词of的宾语，需要用名词形式；unite是动词，其名词形式unity表示“团结；统一”。 9．考查连词。句意：它承载着对国家的美好祝愿，并将家庭团聚的温暖传递到世界的每一个角落。空格前后是并列关系，所以用连词and连接两个动作carries和passes on。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，它激励年轻一代自信自豪地弘扬中国文化。inspire sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”，所以填to carry作宾语补足语。 人与社会 Passage 6 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 12-member Australian cultural group, 1 (consist) of artists and musicians, visited the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region between July 24 and Aug 1. 2 (organize) by the China Cultural Centre in Sydney with the support of the Guangxi Culture and Tourism Department, the visit took 3 (participant) to various Guangxi cities including Guilin, Nanning and Chongzuo. The group explored the region’s popular scenic areas, such as Lijiang River, Longji terraced fields, Guihai Stele Forest, and Detian Waterfall, and 4 (treat) to Guangxi’s renowned outdoor live performances such as Impression Liu Sanjie, in which the Lijiang River serves 5 the stage. In addition, Australian musicians and artists also 6 (hold) meetings with representatives from local cultural institutions such as Guangxi Arts University and Guangxi Museum of Nationalities for in-depth exchanges. All those special visitors expressed deep 7 (admire) for Guangxi’s natural beauty and rich ethnic culture and promised 8 (promote) cultural exchange between China and Australia through cooperation projects. The visit was hosted with the aim to 9 (strength) cultural links between Australia and Guangxi, showcase Guangxi's unique charm, promote Australian understanding of Chinese culture, 10 explore new chances for cultural and artistic exchanges, according to the organizers. 【答案】 1．consisting 2．Organized 3．participants 4．were treated 5．as 6．held 7．admiration 8．to promote 9．strengthen 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一个澳大利亚文化团体访问广西壮族自治区, 通过参观自然景观、观看实景演出、与当地文化机构交流等活动, 旨在加强中澳文化联系、促进相互理解。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个由12人组成的澳大利亚文化团体，由艺术家和音乐家组成，于7月24日至8月1日访问了广西壮族自治区。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词visited，所以此处应用非谓语动词，A 12-member Australian cultural group与consist之间是主动关系，consist of意为“由……组成”，无被动形式，所以用现在分词consisting作后置定语，修饰A 12-member Australian cultural group。故填consisting。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：此次访问由悉尼中国文化中心组织，在广西文化和旅游部门的支持下，带领参与者前往广西的多个城市，包括桂林、南宁和崇左。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词took，所以此处应用非谓语动词，the visit与organize之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词Organized作状语，表被动和完成。首字母大写。故填Organized。 3．考查名词复数。句意：此次访问由悉尼中国文化中心组织，在广西文化和旅游部门的支持下，带领参与者前往广西的多个城市，包括桂林、南宁和崇左。根据语境可知，此处指“参与者”，应用名词participant，且参与者不止一人，所以用复数形式participants，作took的宾语。故填participants。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：该团体游览了该地区著名的风景区，如漓江、龙脊梯田、桂海碑林和德天瀑布，并观看了广西著名的户外实景演出，如《印象·刘三姐》，其中以漓江为舞台。根据and前的explored可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，The group与treat之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The group是复数，所以用were treated，be treated to sth.意为“被款待……，被招待……”。故填were treated。 5．考查介词。句意：该团体游览了该地区著名的风景区，如漓江、龙脊梯田、桂海碑林和德天瀑布，并观看了广西著名的户外实景演出，如《印象·刘三姐》，其中以漓江为舞台。serve as为固定短语，意为“作为，充当”。故填as。 6．考查动词时态。句意：此外，澳大利亚的音乐家和艺术家还与广西艺术学院、广西民族博物馆等当地文化机构的代表举行了会议，进行深入交流。根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，hold的过去式为held。故填held。 7．考查名词。句意：所有这些特别的访客都对广西的自然美景和丰富的民族文化表示深深的赞赏，并承诺通过合作项目促进中澳文化交流。根据deep可知，此处应用名词admiration，意为“赞赏，钦佩”，作expressed的宾语，admiration是不可数名词。故填admiration。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些特别的访客都对广西的自然美景和丰富的民族文化表示深深的赞赏，并承诺通过合作项目促进中澳文化交流。promise to do sth.为固定短语，意为“承诺做某事”，所以用to promote。故填to promote。 9．考查动词。句意：据主办方介绍，此次访问旨在加强澳大利亚与广西之间的文化联系，展示广西独特的魅力，增进澳大利亚对中国文化的了解，并探索文化艺术交流的新机会。根据空前的to可知，此处应用动词原形strengthen，与showcase、promote、explore并列，构成动词不定式作宾语。故填strengthen。 10．考查连词。句意：据主办方介绍，此次访问旨在加强澳大利亚与广西之间的文化联系，展示广西独特的魅力，增进澳大利亚对中国文化的了解，并探索文化艺术交流的新机会。strengthen、showcase、promote和explore这几个动作是并列关系，所以用连词and连接。故填and。 Passage 7 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a harmonious fusion of the East and the West, Chinese guzheng master Chang Jing impressed audiences worldwide 1 her unique style. Last December, Chang 2 (invite) by a famous streaming service to adapt three of Claude Debussy’s fascinating compositions. The adaptations allowed Chang to have a spiritual dialogue with the French composer. 3 (know) for its delicate tone and rich history, guzheng, a traditional Chinese instrument, might seem a(n) 4 (likely) one to interpret the works of renowned French composers. However, Chang’s mastery transcends cultural boundaries, demonstrating the universal language of music. “I couldn’t make the orchestral sound with guzheng, but 5 I could do was to leave some space for the listeners to imagine,” says Chang. “It’s just like traditional Chinese ink painting, where there 6 (be) a technique called liubai. The intention of the technique is 7 (use) less to achieve more.” “Her interpretations not only paid homage to the original compositions but also imbued them with a distinctive Eastern sensibility, 8 (create) a transcendent auditory experience,” says Zhang Di, a musician specializing in playing the traditional Chinese musical instruments, the flute and xiao, 9 worked with Chang on her new album. “We want to encourage 10 better understanding for both Chinese and Western musical traditions, enriching the global musical landscape.” 【答案】 1．with 2．was invited 3．Known 4．unlikely 5．what 6．is 7．to use 8．creating 9．who 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国古筝大师常静以其独特风格融合东西方音乐，改编德彪西作品并获赞誉。 1．考查介词。句意：在东西方和谐融合中，中国古筝大师常静以其独特的风格给世界各地的观众留下了深刻的印象。impress sb. with sth.是固定短语，意为“用某物给某人留下深刻印象”，with为介词。故填with。 2．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：去年12月，常静受一家知名流媒体服务公司的邀请，改编了克劳德·德彪西的三首精彩作品。由Last December可知，句子时态用一般过去时，且主语Chang与invite为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Chang是单数，be动词用was。故填was invited。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：古筝是一种中国传统乐器，以其细腻的音色和悠久的历史而闻名，用它来诠释法国著名作曲家的作品似乎不太可能。本句已有谓语might seem，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，主语guzheng与know为被动关系，用过去分词known，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Known。 4．考查形容词。句意：古筝是一种中国传统乐器，以其细腻的音色和悠久的历史而闻名，用它来诠释法国著名作曲家的作品似乎不太可能。本空表示“不太可能”，用形容词unlikely，作表语。故填unlikely。 5．考查主语从句。句意：常静说：“我不能用古筝发出管弦乐的声音，但我所能做的就是给听众留下一些想象的空间。”“_____ I could do”是主语从句，从句缺少宾语，用what引导。故填what。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这就像中国传统的水墨画，有一种叫做留白的技巧。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，there be句型中的be动词遵循“就近原则”，由a technique可知，be动词用is。故填is。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种技巧的目的是少用多成。由“The intention of the technique is”可知，空格处用不定式to use，作表语，表目的。故填to use。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：与常静合作新专辑的中国传统乐器（笛子与箫）演奏家张迪表示：“她的演绎不仅致敬了原作，还赋予了作品独特的东方韵味，营造出超凡的听觉体验。”句中谓语是says，空格处用非谓语动词，Her interpretations和create之间是主谓关系，空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填creating。 9．考查定语从句。句意：与常静合作新专辑的中国传统乐器（笛子与箫）演奏家张迪表示：“她的演绎不仅致敬了原作，还赋予了作品独特的东方韵味，营造出超凡的听觉体验。”“_____ worked with Chang on her new album”是非限制性定语从句，先行词Zhang Di是人，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 10．考查冠词。句意：我们希望鼓励更好地理解中西方音乐传统，丰富全球音乐格局。此处表示泛指“一个更好的理解”，better是辅音音素开头的单词，用冠词a。故填a。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An open-source AI agent 1 (name) OpenClaw has taken the world by storm. It features a lobster icon, earning it 2 nickname “Lobster”. Unlike traditional chatbots, OpenClaw is designed to perform real tasks on a computer — booking flights, writing emails, or even writing code. Since 3 (it) first release, thousands of developers have downloaded the software to test in personal projects, 4 shared their modifications online with detailed usage tips. The passion 5 “Lobsters” continues to grow, with major tech companies launching related products. Local governments have also introduced support 6 (policy). Shenzhen’s Longgang District issued the “Ten Lobster Initiatives”, the first systematic policy in China for the OpenClaw ecosystem. However, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology warns that due to OpenClaw’s unclear trust boundary, improper configuration (配置) may lead to information leaks. Such risks can seriously threaten users’ 7 (finance) and social apps on digital devices. To stay safe, users are advised 8 (run) OpenClaw in a virtual environment before using it on their main system. Despite these concerns, the potential of OpenClaw cannot be ignored. OpenClaw is not just a tool but a glimpse into a future 9 anyone can turn ideas into actions by typing a single sentence. As one excited user put it, “I 10 (wait) for something like this for years.” 【答案】 1．named 2．the 3．its 4．and 5．for 6．policies 7．financial 8．to run 9．where 10．have been waiting 【导语】本文介绍爆款AI工具OpenClaw的功能、应用热度与各界扶持举措，同时指出其信息泄露隐患，并给出安全使用建议，肯定其未来发展潜力。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一款名为“OpenClaw”的开源人工智能程序风靡全球。此处name与agent构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 2．考查冠词。句意：它上面有一个龙虾的图案，因此得了个“龙虾”这个绰号。此处特指外号“Lobster”，用定冠词。 3．考查代词。句意：自首次发布以来，已有数千名开发者下载了该软件，并将其用于个人项目中的测试，同时还在网上分享了他们的修改内容，并附上了详细的使用说明。修饰名词release用形容词性物主代词its。 4．考查连词。句意：自首次发布以来，已有数千名开发者下载了该软件，并将其用于个人项目中的测试，同时还在网上分享了他们的修改内容，并附上了详细的使用说明。此处连接并列谓语have downloaded与(have) shared用连词and。 5．考查介词。句意：人们对“龙虾”产品的热情持续高涨，众多大型科技公司也纷纷推出了相关产品。短语passion for表示“对……的热爱”。 6．考查名词的数。句意：地方政府也出台了相应的支持政策。此处policy数量大于一用复数形式。 7．考查形容词。句意：此类风险可能会严重威胁到用户在数字设备上使用的金融及社交应用程序。修饰名词apps用形容词financial，作定语。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保安全，建议用户在将 OpenClaw 应用到其主系统之前，先在虚拟环境中进行测试运行。短语advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”。 9．考查定语从句。句意：OpenClaw不仅仅是一种工具，它还预示着一个未来景象：任何人在敲下一句话后就能将想法转化为实际行动。定语从句修饰先行词future，关系词在从句作地点状语，故用关系副词where。 10．考查时态。句意：正如一位兴奋的用户所说：“我等这一天已经等了多年了。”根据后文for years可知表示过去的动作持续到现在，用现在完成进行时，主语为I，助动词用have。 Passage 9 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mini-series (微短剧) 1 (become) popular on short video platforms recently. These mini-series, often 2 (adapt) from novels, feature episodes lasting one to three minutes, with around 80 to 100 episodes in total. Typically, the first 20 episodes (一集) are free, but viewers must pay to access the  remaining  episodes. The cost of watching an entire series is almost the price of 3 movie ticket. Mini-series cater to the fast-paced urban lifestyle with their short duration and engaging plots, becoming 4 (increasing) popular as people watch them during brief downtime like waiting for a bus or taking an elevator. They offer significant emotional engagement within a 5 (limit) time, which is 6 modern people need. However, the genre faces criticism for occasional lowbrow (低俗的) content and unsuitable themes, 7 (cause) government and platform regulators to remove inappropriate material, as is the case in China. Some think the rise of mini-series is a good sign. It provides the audience 8 more choices and fun, allowing them 9 (take) advantage of their fragmentary (碎片的) time. Platforms should promote and recommend healthy content, while viewers should mindfully support good mini-series, whether through leaving positive reviews 10 paying to watch mini-series instead of watching pirated ones. 【答案】 1．have become 2．adapted 3．a 4．increasingly 5．limited 6．what 7．causing 8．with 9．to take 10．or 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍微短剧在短视频平台的流行现状、特点、优势及面临的监管问题。 1．考查动词时态。句意：微短剧最近在短视频平台上变得流行起来。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语recently可知，强调从过去到现在的情况，应用现在完成时，主语Mini-series是复数，所以用have become。故填have become。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些微短剧通常改编自小说，单集时长一到三分钟，总集数约80至100集。此处为非谓语动词作定语，These mini-series与adapt为被动关系，所以用过去分词adapted。故填adapted。 3．考查冠词。句意：观看一整部剧的花费差不多相当于一张电影票的价格。movie ticket为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一张电影票”为泛指，且movie是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 4．考查副词。句意：微短剧时长短、情节吸引人，适配快节奏的都市生活，在人们等公交、乘电梯等碎片时间里越来越受欢迎。此处修饰形容词popular，用increasing的副词形式increasingly。故填increasingly。 5．考查形容词。句意：它们能在有限的时间内带来强烈的情感共鸣，这正是现代人所需要的。此处修饰名词time，用limit的形容词形式limited。故填limited。 6．考查表语从句。句意：它们能在有限的时间内带来强烈的情感共鸣，这正是现代人所需要的。此处引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事物”，所以用连接代词what。故填what。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而这类剧集因偶有低俗内容和不当主题而受到批评，导致政府和平台监管机构下架违规内容，中国便是如此。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面整件事与cause为主动关系，所以用现在分词causing。故填causing。 8．考查介词。句意：它为观众提供了更多选择和乐趣，让人们可以利用碎片时间。此处为固定搭配provide sb. with sth.，意为“为某人提供某物”，所以用介词with。故填with。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：它为观众提供了更多选择和乐趣，让人们可以利用碎片时间。此处为固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以用动词不定式to take作宾补。故填to take。 10．考查连词。句意：平台应推广推荐优质内容，观众则应理性支持优秀微短剧，无论是留下好评，还是付费观看而非选择盗版。此处为固定搭配whether...or...，意为“无论是……还是……”，所以用连词or。故填or。 Passage 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chengdu, Sichuan, Wang Yue unlocks a blue two-wheeler by scanning a QR code, gliding down the road on 1 locals call a “hydrogen pony”. “It rides just like a regular e-bike but runs on hydrogen — so cool!” she said. The hydrogen-powered shared bike, 2 (develop) by local startup Qinglv Technology, was launched in August 2024 and 3 (win) great popularity in Xindu District so far. It costs 2.5 yuan for the first 10 minutes, and an extra one yuan 4 (charge) for every five minutes after that. The bikes 5 operate in Xindu now have reached 11,000, serving 550,000 registered users in total. Co-founder Yang Hao said the bike uses electricity from a hydrogen fuel cell, with a tank 6 (hold) 100g hydrogen for a 100km range — twice that of ordinary e-bikes. Its range advantage is more 7 (evidence) in northern winters: lithium batteries drain fast in low temperatures, while fuel cells are barely affected. It uses solid-state storage tech, combining hydrogen 8 a special metal powder for safer low pressure. With 9 local government’s support, the firm will add more bikes in Chengdu and launch hydrogen-powered bike 10 (service) in Hangzhou, Jinan and other cities. A new production facility will be built soon to cut costs greatly. 【答案】 1．what 2．developed 3．has won 4．is charged 5．that/which 6．holding 7．evident 8．with/and 9．the 10．services 【导语】本文介绍了四川成都出现的氢动力共享自行车。这种自行车由当地初创公司清绿科技研发，于2024年8月推出，在新都区广受欢迎。文章还介绍了其收费标准、续航优势、储存技术等，并提及在当地政府支持下，该公司将在成都增加投放量，并在杭州、济南等城市推出相关服务。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：在四川成都，王悦通过扫描二维码解锁了一辆蓝色两轮车，骑着当地人称为“氢马”的车在路上滑行。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，表示“当地人所称的东西”，所以用连接代词what引导。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这款氢动力共享自行车由当地初创公司清绿科技研发，于2024年8月推出，截至目前在新都区大受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词was launched，所以此处应用非谓语动词。The hydrogen-powered shared bike与develop之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词developed作后置定语，修饰The hydrogen-powered shared bike，表被动和完成。 3．考查动词时态。句意：这款氢动力共享自行车由当地初创公司清绿科技研发，于2024年8月推出，截至目前在新都区大受欢迎。根据时间状语so far可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语The hydrogen-powered shared bike是单数，所以用has won。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：前10分钟收费2.5元，之后每5分钟额外收取1元。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语an extra one yuan与charge之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用is charged。 5．考查定语从句。句意：现在在新都运营的自行车数量已达1.1万辆，累计服务注册用户55万人。此处为定语从句，先行词是The bikes，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：联合创始人杨浩表示，这款自行车使用氢燃料电池发电，其罐体可容纳100克氢气，续航里程达100公里，是普通电动自行车的两倍。此处为“with +宾语+宾补”结构，a tank与hold之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词holding作宾补。 7．考查形容词。句意：它的续航优势在北方的冬天更为明显：锂电池在低温下电量消耗很快，而燃料电池几乎不受影响。此处位于is后作表语，应用形容词evident，意为“明显的”，more evident是evident的比较级形式。 8．考查介词或连词。句意：它采用固态存储技术，将氢气与一种特殊金属粉末结合，以实现更安全的低压环境。combine...with/and...表示“将……与……结合”，是固定搭配。 9．考查冠词。句意：在当地政府的支持下，该公司将在成都增加更多自行车投放，并在杭州、济南和其他城市推出氢动力自行车服务。此处特指当地政府的支持，应用定冠词the。 10．考查名词复数。句意：在当地政府的支持下，该公司将在成都增加更多自行车投放，并在杭州、济南和其他城市推出氢动力自行车服务。根据语境，此处表示多种服务，应用名词复数services作宾语。 人与自然 Passage 11 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has scaled up policy to protect and restore the environment around the Yangtze River, putting measures 1 place to treat industrial and agricultural pollutants and protect grasslands and wetlands. A policy document 2 (release) by 17 central government departments promises to prioritize effort and adopt a 3 (comprehension) way of conserving the Yangtze River Basin area. The policy document follows a 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze enacted by the government in 2020 in response to 4 (decline) biodiversity. Despite improvements to the Yangtze’s water quality, the rise of non-point source pollution 5 (emerge) as a major problem in recent years. The document stresses the need for a systemic approach, 6 will require the establishment of long-term mechanisms to prevent the return of polluted water bodies. The treatment of pollution is another priority, as the government looks to install tighter controls over pollutants discharged by chemical factories and promote 7 (high) efficiency in the use of fertilizers and pesticides. 8 (restore) the diversity of aquatic (水生生物) life in the Yangtze, the document says that the country will establish a monitoring system for endangered animals and make 9 action plan to save them and that more work 10 (do) to enhance the connectivity of rivers. 【答案】 1．in 2．released 3．comprehensive 4．declining 5．has emerged 6．which 7．higher 8．To restore 9．an 10．will be done 【导语】文章主要讲述中国加大了对长江周边环境的保护与修复政策力度，17个中央政府部门发布政策文件，采取综合方式保护长江流域，包括应对生物多样性下降实施十年禁渔，解决非点源污染问题，加强对化工厂污染物排放管控，提高化肥和农药使用效率，建立濒危动物监测系统以及制定拯救行动计划、增强河流连通性等措施。 1．考查固定短语。句意：中国加大了对长江周边环境的保护与修复政策力度，采取措施处理工业和农业污染物，保护草原和湿地。put... in place是固定短语，意为“落实；实施”。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：17个中央政府部门发布的一份政策文件承诺，将优先采取行动，并采用综合的方式来保护长江流域地区。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词promises，所以此处应用非谓语动词，document与release之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词released作后置定语，表被动和完成。 3．考查形容词。句意：17个中央政府部门发布的一份政策文件承诺，将优先采取行动，并采用综合的方式来保护长江流域地区。此处修饰名词way，应用形容词comprehensive，意为“综合的；全面的”。 4．考查形容词。句意：这份政策文件是继2020年政府为应对生物多样性下降而在长江实施的为期10年的禁渔令之后出台的。此处修饰名词biodiversity，应用形容词declining，意为“下降的；衰退的”。 5．考查时态。句意：尽管长江的水质有所改善，但近年来非点源污染的上升已成为一个主要问题。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。主语the rise是单数，所以谓语动词用has emerged。 6．考查定语从句。句意：该文件强调需要一种系统性的方法，这将需要建立长期机制，以防止水体再次受到污染。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：污染治理是另一个优先事项，因为政府希望对化工厂排放的污染物实施更严格的控制，并提高化肥和农药的使用效率。根据语境及前面的tighter可知，此处应用形容词比较级higher，表示“更高的”效率。作定语。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了恢复长江水生生物的多样性，该文件称，中国将建立濒危动物监测系统，并制定拯救它们的行动计划，还将开展更多工作来增强河流的连通性。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词表目的，所以用动词不定式To restore，句首单词首字母大写。 9．考查冠词。句意：为了恢复长江水生生物的多样性，该文件称，中国将建立濒危动物监测系统，并制定拯救它们的行动计划，还将开展更多工作来增强河流的连通性。此处表示“一个”行动计划，表泛指，action发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。 10．考查时态和语态。句意：为了恢复长江水生生物的多样性，该文件称，中国将建立濒危动物监测系统，并制定拯救它们的行动计划，还将开展更多工作来增强河流的连通性。根据语境可知，work与do之间是被动关系，且表示将来的动作，所以用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done。 Passage 12 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Europe’s new artificial intelligence-powered weather forecasting model became operational on Tuesday, 1 (promise) to significantly improve meteorological and extreme weather predictions globally. The Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System (AIFS) is the first fully operational weather prediction open model 2 (use) machine learning technology, and will run side by side 3 its traditional physics-based counterpart (对应版本) — the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) said in a press release on Tuesday. AIFS’ forecast builds upon the same 4 (combine) of data that the IFS feeds on, with the data 5 (collect) from satellites, planes, boats, and other Earth-based measurement stations. What distinguishes the two models, however, 6 (be) that the new machine learning model assesses how these initial conditions will influence future weather based on its knowledge of how the weather 7 (evolve) in the past. IFS calculations, in contrast, rely on the laws of physics, which it integrates in its computer code. “We see the AIFS and IFS as complementary (互补的), 8 part of providing a range of products to our user community, who decide 9 best suits their needs,” said ECMWF’s Director of Forecasts and Services, Florian Pappenberger. Europe’s weather forecasts are 10 (current) reliable up to six to seven days ahead for precipitation (降水) and wind, and up to 14 or 15 days ahead for temperature, Pappenberger told the Financial Times. 【答案】 1．promising 2．to use 3．with 4．combination 5．collected 6．is 7．has evolved 8．and 9．what 10．currently 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了欧洲新的人工智能驱动的天气预报模型于周二投入使用，有望显著改善全球气象和极端天气预测。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：欧洲新的人工智能驱动的天气预报模型于周二投入使用，有望显著改善全球气象和极端天气预测。句中已有谓语became，promise在句中作非谓语动词，动词promise与主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填promising。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能预报系统（AIFS）是第一个使用机器学习技术的完全可操作的天气预报开放模型，它将与传统的基于物理的对应系统——综合预报系统（IFS）并行运行，欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）在周二的新闻稿中表示。句中已有is，动词use需要用非谓语形式，model前边由the first修饰，后边要使用动词不定式作定语，表示“第一个做某事的……”。故填to use。 3．考查介词。句意：人工智能预报系统（AIFS）是第一个使用机器学习技术的完全可操作的天气预报开放模型，它将与传统的基于物理的对应系统——综合预报系统（IFS）并行运行，欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）在周二的新闻稿中表示。结合语意可知，此处表示“与……并行”，短语为side by side with。故填with。 4．考查名词。句意：AIFS的预测建立在IFS所使用的相同数据组合的基础上，这些数据来自卫星、飞机、船只和其他地球上的测量站。空处作宾语，表示“组合”应用名词combination，此处特指相同数据组合应用单数。故填combination。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：AIFS的预测建立在IFS所使用的相同数据组合的基础上，这些数据来自卫星、飞机、船只和其他地球上的测量站。collect在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语data构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填collected。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，这两个模型的区别在于，新的机器学习模型根据其对过去天气如何演变的知识，评估这些初始条件将如何影响未来的天气。根据distinguishes可知，句子使用一般现在时，主语为What引导的主语从句，be动词使用is。故填is。 7．考查时态。句意：然而，这两个模型的区别在于，新的机器学习模型根据其对过去天气如何演变的知识，评估这些初始条件将如何影响未来的天气。根据后文in the past以及语意可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在知识的影响，应使用现在完成时，主语是the weather，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has evolved。 8．考查连词。句意：“我们认为AIFS和IFS是互补的，并且是向用户社区提供一系列产品的一部分，他们决定什么最适合他们的需求，”ECMWF预测和服务主任Florian Pappenberger说。结合语意可知，complementary与空格后的part of之间是并列关系，应使用并列连词and连接，即as complementary and (as) part of ...。故填and。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：“我们认为AIFS和IFS是互补的，是为我们用户社区提供一系列产品的一部分，他们决定什么最适合他们的需求，”ECMWF预测和服务主任Florian Pappenberger说。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故用what引导。故填what。 10．考查副词。句意：Pappenberger告诉《金融时报》，目前欧洲的天气预报在降水和大风方面提前6到7天是可靠的，在温度方面提前14到15天是可靠的。空处修饰形容词reliable，应用副词currently，作状语。故填currently。 Passage 13 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution has become a life-threatening challenge for India, with its cities consistently ranking among the most polluted globally. Beyond breathing problems and health risks, this crisis has a surprising side effect: the nation 1 (experience) a gradual loss of sunlight, a phenomenon linked to environmental degradation discussed in recent classroom debates on sustainable development. A recent study, 2 (carry) out by a team of Indian researchers from top universities, has given new explanations to the issue. It confirms that over the last 30 years, sunshine duration 3 (drop) steadily in nine out of India’s major geographic regions. The decline, though varying in speed across different areas, is closely related to the rise of air pollutants like aerosols (气溶胶). What’s driving this dimming of the Sun? Rapid urban 4 (expand), industrial development, and unsustainable land use have led to increased burning of fossil fuels and biomass (生物质能燃料). These activities release tiny harmful particles into the air, 5 come from vehicle, industrial emissions and burning crop waste. In winter, smog and temperature inversions (逆温现象) trap these particles over the Indo-Gangetic Plains, reducing sunlight reaching the ground even 6 (far). According to Dr. Sachchida Nand Tripathi, 7 leading atmospheric scientist at IIT Kanpur, aerosols have reduced surface sunlight in India by 13% since 1993. This has serious implications: less sunlight slows crop growth, threatening food security, and undermines India’s renewable energy goals, solar power currently 8 (account) for nearly half of the country’s green energy capacity. Scientists and policymakers are increasingly concerned 9 the long-term impacts of this trend. As highlighted in our English textbooks, addressing air pollution requires collective action: reducing emissions, promoting clean energy, and adopting sustainable lifestyles. Only through such 10 (effort) can India reverse the dimming trend and secure a healthier future for its people. 【答案】 1．is experiencing 2．carried 3．has dropped 4．expansion 5．which 6．further 7．a 8．accounting 9．about/over 10．efforts 【导语】本文主要讲的是印度面临的严重空气污染问题及其带来的一个意外副作用——阳光逐渐减少的现象。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：除了引发呼吸问题和带来健康风险外，这场危机还产生了一个令人意想不到的副作用：印度正经历着阳光逐渐减少的现象，这一现象与近期课堂上关于可持续发展的辩论中探讨的环境恶化问题相关联。此处表示“印度正经历着阳光逐渐减少的现象”，句子时态用现在进行时，主语the nation是单数，因此空格处是is experiencing。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近一项由印度顶尖大学的研究人员团队开展的研究为这一问题提供了新的解释。句中谓语是has given，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语修饰A recent study。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该研究证实，在过去30年里，印度九个主要地理区域的日照时长均呈稳步下降趋势。由over the last 30 years可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语sunshine duration是不可数名词，因此空格处是has dropped。 4．考查名词。句意：快速的城市扩张、工业发展以及不可持续的土地利用方式导致化石燃料和生物质的燃烧量增加。空格处用名词作主语，expand的名词是expansion，是不可数名词，意为“扩张”。 5．考查定语从句。句意：这些活动会向空气中释放微小的有害颗粒物，这些颗粒物来自车辆排放、工业排放以及焚烧农作物废料。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词particles是物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句。 6．考查比较级。句意：冬季，烟雾和逆温层将这些颗粒物笼罩在印度河-恒河平原平原上空，进一步减少了到达地面的阳光。even修饰比较级，此处表示“进一步减少了到达地面的阳光”，空格处意为“进一步地”，far的比较级further符合题意。 7．考查冠词。句意：据印度坎普尔理工学院的大气科学领军人物萨克希达·南德·特里帕蒂博士介绍，自1993年以来，气溶胶已使印度的地表阳光减少了13%。scientist是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，空格处用不定冠词，leading是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这带来了严重的影响：阳光减少会减缓农作物生长，威胁粮食安全，并削弱印度实现可再生能源目标的努力，目前太阳能占该国绿色能源产能的近一半。句中谓语是slows和undermines，空格处用非谓语动词，solar power和account之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，此处是独立主格结构。 9．考查介词。句意：科学家和政策制定者越来越关注这一趋势的长期影响。be concerned about/over是固定短语，意为“关注”，因此空格处是介词about/over。 10．考查名词的复数。句意：唯有通过这些努力，印度才能扭转阳光减少的趋势，为其人民创造一个更健康的未来。effort是可数名词，此处表示“很多的努力”，因此用复数形式表示泛指。 Passage 14 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origin of life is one of the most fundamental questions of mankind and one of the three greatest Origin Questions in the natural sciences. Recently, China 1 (official) launched its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission, Tianwen-3, marking a significant step forward in planetary exploration. The mission, 2 (schedule) for launch in 2078, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth, where advanced laboratory instruments 3 (adopt) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine 4 life ever existed — or may still exist — on Mars. Like Earth, Mars lies within 5 habitable zone of our solar system. Research suggests that Mars once had a thick atmosphere and a warm, moist (湿润的) climate early in its history, 6 (make) it suitable for the emergence and development of microbial (微生物的) life. The key to China’s MSR mission lies in identifying Martian materials most likely 7 (preserve) evidence of past or present life. To achieve this 8 (ambition) goal, Chinese scientists must conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. This includes searching for areas on Mars rich 9 essential minerals, regions where liquid water was likely present in the planet’s early history, 10 sites where traces of Martian microbial activity could potentially be preserved for billions of years. 【答案】 1．officially 2．scheduled 3．will be adopted 4．whether 5．the 6．making 7．to preserve 8．ambitious 9．in 10．and 【导语】主要介绍中国正式启动天问三号火星采样返回任务，阐述该任务目标、火星宜居条件以及探测生命痕迹的研究规划。 1．考查副词。句意：近日，中国正式启动天问三号火星采样返回任务，标志着行星探测迈出重要一步。此处修饰动词launched，需用副词形式，official的副词为officially意为“正式地”。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项计划定于2078年发射的任务，旨在将火星样本带回地球。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，mission与schedule为被动关系，用过去分词scheduled。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：样本将被送往地球先进实验室，精密仪器将被投入使用以开展全面分析。此处为谓语动词，“advanced laboratory instruments”仪器与adopt构成被动关系，且指将来的动作，用一般将来时的被动语态，所以谓语动词为will be adopted。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：以此探究火星上是否曾经存在生命，或是目前仍存有生命迹象。此处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处表“是否”，用连接词whether。 5．考查冠词。句意：与地球一样，火星处于太阳系的宜居带之内。habitable zone为特指概念，且有后置定语修饰，需加定冠词the。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，火星早期曾拥有浓厚大气层与温暖湿润的气候，这使得星球适宜微生物生命的诞生与繁衍。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面整件事与make为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式making。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国火星采样返回任务的关键，是筛选最有可能留存古今生命痕迹的火星物质。固定搭配be likely to do sth.意为“有可能做某事”，所以填to preserve。 8．考查形容词。句意：为实现这一宏大目标，中国科学家必须在火箭发射前开展大量研究。此处修饰名词goal，需用形容词，ambition的形容词形式为ambitious意为“有雄心的”。 9．考查介词。句意：这包括寻找火星上富含关键矿物质的区域。此处为固定搭配rich in意为“富含……”，故填in。 10．考查连词。句意：研究范围涵盖远古液态水域、富含矿物地带，以及可能长期保存微生物痕迹的地点。此处为三个并列的名词短语，用并列连词and连接。 Passage 15 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mangrove Guardians Along the coast of southern China, a quiet revolution has taken root. Local fishermen, once dependent on offshore fishing, have become 1 (protect) of the mangrove forests — ecosystems so vital that scientists call them the “coastal guardians.” Mangroves, with their complex root systems, serve as natural barriers against storms and rising sea levels. They also provide rich breeding grounds 2 fish and shellfish. Yet for decades, these forests had been destroyed at 3 alarming rate to make way for fish farms and urban development. In 2018, a conservation program 4 (launch) with an innovative approach: former fishermen would be trained as eco-tour guides and restoration workers. The idea was simple — if local communities could benefit 5 (economic) from protecting mangroves, they would become their most devoted guardians. Seven years on, the results are striking. With over 2,000 hectares of mangroves 6 (restore) across the region, fish populations have recovered. 7 was once a source of conflict has become a model of cooperation. Villagers now earn stable incomes through eco-tourism, 8 (show) visitors the forests that they once 9 (seek) to clear. “This is not just about trees,” says project leader Ms. Chen. “It’s about redefining our relationship with nature. We commit ourselves to protecting the mangroves, 10 they protect us in return.” 【答案】 1．protectors 2．for 3．an 4．was launched 5．economically 6．restored 7．What 8．showing 9．sought 10．and 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了中国南部沿海渔民从依赖近海捕鱼、破坏红树林，转型为生态守护者，2018 年的保护项目成效显著，实现了人与自然的互利共生。 1．考查名词复数形式。句意：曾经依赖近海捕捞为生的当地渔民，如今已成为红树林的守护者——这些生态系统极为重要，以至于科学家们称其为“海岸守护者”。主语fishermen是复数，此处体现身份的转变 —— 从依赖近海捕鱼的渔民，变成了红树林的保护者，与后文的 guardians（守护者）形成呼应，所以此处为复数名词protectors。 2．考查固定短语。句意：它们还为鱼类和贝类提供了丰富的繁殖场所。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配provide sth for sb/sth，意为“为…… 提供某物”，此处指红树林为鱼类和贝类提供了丰富的繁殖地。 3．考查冠词。句意：然而，几十年来，这些森林一直在以惊人的速度遭到破坏，以腾出空间用于养鱼场和城市开发。此处为固定搭配at a/an...rate，意为“以……的速度”；alarming 以元音音素开头，填不定冠词an。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：2018 年，一项创新的保护计划启动了：曾经的渔民将接受培训，成为生态导游和恢复工作者。时间状语 In 2018 提示用一般过去时；主语a conservation program（保护项目）和 launch（启动）是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，所以为was launched的填入。 5．考查副词。句意：这个想法很简单——如果当地社区能够从保护红树林的经济活动中获益，他们就会成为这些森林最忠实的守护者。此处修饰动词 benefit，需要用副词；economic是形容词，副词形式为economically，意为“经济上”。 6．考查with复合结构。句意：该地区恢复了超过 2000 公顷的红树林，鱼类数量也有所回升。分析句子可知，此处为with 复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语；宾语mangroves（红树林）和 restore（修复）是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词作宾补。 7．考查主语从句。句意：曾经引发冲突的状况如今已转变为合作的典范。分析句子可知，空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代“曾经是冲突源头的事物”，用连接代词What引导，句首首字母大写。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：村民们现在通过生态旅游获得稳定的收入，向游客展示他们曾经试图砍伐的森林。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词 earn，此处用非谓语；主语Villagers 和 show 是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，填showing。 9．考查动词时态。句意：村民们现在通过生态旅游获得稳定的收入，向游客展示他们曾经试图砍伐的森林。once 意为“曾经”，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时；seek的过去式为不规则变化sought。 10．考查连词。句意：我们承诺保护红树林，而红树林也会反过来保护我们。根据句意可知，前后两个分句是顺承并列关系：“我们致力于保护红树林，而它们反过来也会保护我们”，所以为连词and的填入。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之语法填空15篇 （期末热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练：主要分为以下三个热点话题 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 3. 人与自然 每个话题对应五篇专项练习 人与自我 Passage 1 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Yangzhou, a city in Jiangsu Province, young people are rushing to a local traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) hospital, not for medical care, but for bread. Since early April, the hospital 1 (gain) local fame for its special series of breads containing Chinese medicinal herbs (药草) The herbal bread series, 2 (develop) by the Preventive Treatment Center of the hospital, combines culinary (烹饪的) innovation with wellness culture 3 has attracted health-conscious youth as well as food enthusiasts. “The idea came from observing the growing demand among young people for healthier lifestyles and foods 4 can address health problems,” said Chen Wei, deputy director of the center. “TCM dietary therapy is 5 vital part of preventive healthcare. By making ancient wisdom 6 (access) and delicious, we hope to encourage younger generations to embrace holistic wellness. These breads follow the rising trend of wellness-focused diets, 7 (particular) for those experiencing issues like tiredness or weak immunity. They are in line 8 TCM’s philosophy of ‘preventive treatment’ — solving health problems before they appear,” Chen explained. 9 (perfect) the recipes, the team experimented with different methods, such as boiling herbs into liquid blends for dough. After months of trials, six varieties of bread were launched, priced at about 10yuan a piece. At first, sales 10 (limit) to a short period each afternoon. However, the subtle herbal aroma and unique flavors quickly won praise from customers. The bread often sold out within minutes. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Where Stories Meet History,” organized by China National Publications, 1 (stage) at the London Book Fair on Tuesday, marking the official English-language launch of Three Thousand Years In a Glance, 2 award-winning long-form fairy tale by Chinese writer Li Shanshan. Published in 2023 and inspired by the mysterious Bronze Age Sanxingdui civilization, the book with themes of cultural heritage and personal growth, 3 (track) the 3,000-year journey of Duidui, from a piece of ancient clay 4 (bury) for centuries to its rediscovery as a witness 5 the rebirth of relics. Mixing historical facts with personified storytelling, Author Li Shanshan emphasized that fairy tales about cultural heritage must be grounded in real archaeology (考古学). That’s 6 she spent years gaining hands-on experience at an excavation (挖掘) site to display the emotional connection between relics and restorers. The exploding popularity of this book comes down to British readers’ long-standing 7 (prefer) for historical fiction, 8 has fueled rounds of praise for Li’s ability to let the relics speak for themselves, transforming dry historical terms into vivid characters. Ferelith Hordon, 9 (represent) the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) UK, highlighted that fairy tales prevent artifacts from 10 (simple) being seen as “cold objects” in glass cases, strengthening the “spiritual ties” between civilizations and helping children form their worldview and find warmth and human connection in history. Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Zhang Binyang, 35, a Shanghai native who works in ShenZhen, spending weekends at hotels has become a way of life. During his junior year as 1 exchange student in America, he was first introduced to the “weekend hotel lifestyle” by his Turkish roommate. It was like a key that unlocked a new door to his future work and life. After graduating 2 university, he chose not to settle in his hometown despite owning a home there. Instead, he began moving between cities, 3 (part) because of his job, but more importantly, out of his passion for 4 (explore) new places. So he has stayed at many hotels in China and abroad. Even when he returns to his home in Shanghai, he still prefers to spend 5 (weekend) at a hotel. By choosing this lifestyle, not only does he relax himself but also he 6 (enjoy) exploring and discovering local history and culture. For instance, during some hotel stays, he has enjoyed delicious afternoon tea 7 toured exhibitions, while during others, he has found hidden waterfalls and even museums, 8 always excites him and keeps him curious about his next adventure. Besides, the cleaning and laundry services 9 (provide) by hotels save him from doing the household chores he dislikes doing. Unlike those who use hotels to avoid social interaction on weekends, Zhang said that he has developed several new and 10 (meaning) friendships through hotel activities. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During my years in China, I was fortunate to explore its rich history, diverse cultures and incredible cuisine. As a student of Chinese language and culture, I   1 (introduce) to many extraordinary aspects of the country’s culinary heritage. One dish that particularly stood out for me was Crossing Bridge Rice Noodles (过桥米线), 2 specialty from Yunnan province. Though I had learned about its history and significance in the classroom, I never had the opportunity 3 (taste) it during my student years. It wasn’t until 2025, when I made a trip to Yunnan, 4 I finally had the chance to try the dish. It was served in a 5 (tradition) manner — each component presented 6 (separate) , allowing me to fill my bowl to my taste. As I savored each bite, I reflected on the 7 (similarity) between Yunnan cuisine and Nepali flavors. Both cultures pay special attention to fresh ingredients and the balance of textures in their dishes. The use of ginger, garlic and fragrant herbs reminded me of the flavors I grew up 8 in Nepal. It was fascinating to see how food can bridge cultural gaps 9 create a sense of familiarity even in a foreign land. 10 (enjoy) this dish in Yunnan was more than just having a meal. The experience connected me to China’s rich culinary heritage and reaffirmed the deep bond between food and culture. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, themed “Qiji Chicheng, Shibukedang”(Gallop like Steeds, Unstoppable Momentum), has become a grand cultural feast that connects tradition, innovation and global charm. Watched by billions at home and abroad, it is the most 1 (expect) annual celebration for Chinese families on Lunar New Year’s Eve. Rooted in Chinese civilization, the gala presents 2 visual feast that perfectly integrates cutting-edge technology with warm humanistic feelings. On the stage, humans and machines cooperate 3 (dynamic), perfectly embodying the spirit of innovation and tradition. With amazing stage designs and lifelike images, it treats audience 4 an unforgettable audiovisual experience. This year, four sub-venues are set up across China, 5 (enable) the world to savor a diverse and vivid Chinese New Year. 6 makes the gala so appealing is that it keeps pace with the times while passing down valuable traditions. Ever since its broadcast, the gala 7 (bridge) the gap between all walks of life, fostering a sense of national 8 (unite). As a bridge between China and the world, the gala promotes cultural exchange and makes the charm of Chinese culture seen globally. It carries the best wishes for the nation 9 passes on the warmth of family reunion to every corner of the world. More importantly, it inspires the younger generation 10 (carry) forward the Chinese culture with confidence and pride. 人与社会 Passage 6 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 12-member Australian cultural group, 1 (consist) of artists and musicians, visited the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region between July 24 and Aug 1. 2 (organize) by the China Cultural Centre in Sydney with the support of the Guangxi Culture and Tourism Department, the visit took 3 (participant) to various Guangxi cities including Guilin, Nanning and Chongzuo. The group explored the region’s popular scenic areas, such as Lijiang River, Longji terraced fields, Guihai Stele Forest, and Detian Waterfall, and 4 (treat) to Guangxi’s renowned outdoor live performances such as Impression Liu Sanjie, in which the Lijiang River serves 5 the stage. In addition, Australian musicians and artists also 6 (hold) meetings with representatives from local cultural institutions such as Guangxi Arts University and Guangxi Museum of Nationalities for in-depth exchanges. All those special visitors expressed deep 7 (admire) for Guangxi’s natural beauty and rich ethnic culture and promised 8 (promote) cultural exchange between China and Australia through cooperation projects. The visit was hosted with the aim to 9 (strength) cultural links between Australia and Guangxi, showcase Guangxi's unique charm, promote Australian understanding of Chinese culture, 10 explore new chances for cultural and artistic exchanges, according to the organizers. Passage 7 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a harmonious fusion of the East and the West, Chinese guzheng master Chang Jing impressed audiences worldwide 1 her unique style. Last December, Chang 2 (invite) by a famous streaming service to adapt three of Claude Debussy’s fascinating compositions. The adaptations allowed Chang to have a spiritual dialogue with the French composer. 3 (know) for its delicate tone and rich history, guzheng, a traditional Chinese instrument, might seem a(n) 4 (likely) one to interpret the works of renowned French composers. However, Chang’s mastery transcends cultural boundaries, demonstrating the universal language of music. “I couldn’t make the orchestral sound with guzheng, but 5 I could do was to leave some space for the listeners to imagine,” says Chang. “It’s just like traditional Chinese ink painting, where there 6 (be) a technique called liubai. The intention of the technique is 7 (use) less to achieve more.” “Her interpretations not only paid homage to the original compositions but also imbued them with a distinctive Eastern sensibility, 8 (create) a transcendent auditory experience,” says Zhang Di, a musician specializing in playing the traditional Chinese musical instruments, the flute and xiao, 9 worked with Chang on her new album. “We want to encourage 10 better understanding for both Chinese and Western musical traditions, enriching the global musical landscape.” Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An open-source AI agent 1 (name) OpenClaw has taken the world by storm. It features a lobster icon, earning it 2 nickname “Lobster”. Unlike traditional chatbots, OpenClaw is designed to perform real tasks on a computer — booking flights, writing emails, or even writing code. Since 3 (it) first release, thousands of developers have downloaded the software to test in personal projects, 4 shared their modifications online with detailed usage tips. The passion 5 “Lobsters” continues to grow, with major tech companies launching related products. Local governments have also introduced support 6 (policy). Shenzhen’s Longgang District issued the “Ten Lobster Initiatives”, the first systematic policy in China for the OpenClaw ecosystem. However, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology warns that due to OpenClaw’s unclear trust boundary, improper configuration (配置) may lead to information leaks. Such risks can seriously threaten users’ 7 (finance) and social apps on digital devices. To stay safe, users are advised 8 (run) OpenClaw in a virtual environment before using it on their main system. Despite these concerns, the potential of OpenClaw cannot be ignored. OpenClaw is not just a tool but a glimpse into a future 9 anyone can turn ideas into actions by typing a single sentence. As one excited user put it, “I 10 (wait) for something like this for years.” Passage 9 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mini-series (微短剧) 1 (become) popular on short video platforms recently. These mini-series, often 2 (adapt) from novels, feature episodes lasting one to three minutes, with around 80 to 100 episodes in total. Typically, the first 20 episodes (一集) are free, but viewers must pay to access the  remaining  episodes. The cost of watching an entire series is almost the price of 3 movie ticket. Mini-series cater to the fast-paced urban lifestyle with their short duration and engaging plots, becoming 4 (increasing) popular as people watch them during brief downtime like waiting for a bus or taking an elevator. They offer significant emotional engagement within a 5 (limit) time, which is 6 modern people need. However, the genre faces criticism for occasional lowbrow (低俗的) content and unsuitable themes, 7 (cause) government and platform regulators to remove inappropriate material, as is the case in China. Some think the rise of mini-series is a good sign. It provides the audience 8 more choices and fun, allowing them 9 (take) advantage of their fragmentary (碎片的) time. Platforms should promote and recommend healthy content, while viewers should mindfully support good mini-series, whether through leaving positive reviews 10 paying to watch mini-series instead of watching pirated ones. Passage 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chengdu, Sichuan, Wang Yue unlocks a blue two-wheeler by scanning a QR code, gliding down the road on 1 locals call a “hydrogen pony”. “It rides just like a regular e-bike but runs on hydrogen — so cool!” she said. The hydrogen-powered shared bike, 2 (develop) by local startup Qinglv Technology, was launched in August 2024 and 3 (win) great popularity in Xindu District so far. It costs 2.5 yuan for the first 10 minutes, and an extra one yuan 4 (charge) for every five minutes after that. The bikes 5 operate in Xindu now have reached 11,000, serving 550,000 registered users in total. Co-founder Yang Hao said the bike uses electricity from a hydrogen fuel cell, with a tank 6 (hold) 100g hydrogen for a 100km range — twice that of ordinary e-bikes. Its range advantage is more 7 (evidence) in northern winters: lithium batteries drain fast in low temperatures, while fuel cells are barely affected. It uses solid-state storage tech, combining hydrogen 8 a special metal powder for safer low pressure. With 9 local government’s support, the firm will add more bikes in Chengdu and launch hydrogen-powered bike 10 (service) in Hangzhou, Jinan and other cities. A new production facility will be built soon to cut costs greatly. 人与自然 Passage 11 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has scaled up policy to protect and restore the environment around the Yangtze River, putting measures 1 place to treat industrial and agricultural pollutants and protect grasslands and wetlands. A policy document 2 (release) by 17 central government departments promises to prioritize effort and adopt a 3 (comprehension) way of conserving the Yangtze River Basin area. The policy document follows a 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze enacted by the government in 2020 in response to 4 (decline) biodiversity. Despite improvements to the Yangtze’s water quality, the rise of non-point source pollution 5 (emerge) as a major problem in recent years. The document stresses the need for a systemic approach, 6 will require the establishment of long-term mechanisms to prevent the return of polluted water bodies. The treatment of pollution is another priority, as the government looks to install tighter controls over pollutants discharged by chemical factories and promote 7 (high) efficiency in the use of fertilizers and pesticides. 8 (restore) the diversity of aquatic (水生生物) life in the Yangtze, the document says that the country will establish a monitoring system for endangered animals and make 9 action plan to save them and that more work 10 (do) to enhance the connectivity of rivers. Passage 12 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Europe’s new artificial intelligence-powered weather forecasting model became operational on Tuesday, 1 (promise) to significantly improve meteorological and extreme weather predictions globally. The Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System (AIFS) is the first fully operational weather prediction open model 2 (use) machine learning technology, and will run side by side 3 its traditional physics-based counterpart (对应版本) — the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) said in a press release on Tuesday. AIFS’ forecast builds upon the same 4 (combine) of data that the IFS feeds on, with the data 5 (collect) from satellites, planes, boats, and other Earth-based measurement stations. What distinguishes the two models, however, 6 (be) that the new machine learning model assesses how these initial conditions will influence future weather based on its knowledge of how the weather 7 (evolve) in the past. IFS calculations, in contrast, rely on the laws of physics, which it integrates in its computer code. “We see the AIFS and IFS as complementary (互补的), 8 part of providing a range of products to our user community, who decide 9 best suits their needs,” said ECMWF’s Director of Forecasts and Services, Florian Pappenberger. Europe’s weather forecasts are 10 (current) reliable up to six to seven days ahead for precipitation (降水) and wind, and up to 14 or 15 days ahead for temperature, Pappenberger told the Financial Times. Passage 13 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution has become a life-threatening challenge for India, with its cities consistently ranking among the most polluted globally. Beyond breathing problems and health risks, this crisis has a surprising side effect: the nation 1 (experience) a gradual loss of sunlight, a phenomenon linked to environmental degradation discussed in recent classroom debates on sustainable development. A recent study, 2 (carry) out by a team of Indian researchers from top universities, has given new explanations to the issue. It confirms that over the last 30 years, sunshine duration 3 (drop) steadily in nine out of India’s major geographic regions. The decline, though varying in speed across different areas, is closely related to the rise of air pollutants like aerosols (气溶胶). What’s driving this dimming of the Sun? Rapid urban 4 (expand), industrial development, and unsustainable land use have led to increased burning of fossil fuels and biomass (生物质能燃料). These activities release tiny harmful particles into the air, 5 come from vehicle, industrial emissions and burning crop waste. In winter, smog and temperature inversions (逆温现象) trap these particles over the Indo-Gangetic Plains, reducing sunlight reaching the ground even 6 (far). According to Dr. Sachchida Nand Tripathi, 7 leading atmospheric scientist at IIT Kanpur, aerosols have reduced surface sunlight in India by 13% since 1993. This has serious implications: less sunlight slows crop growth, threatening food security, and undermines India’s renewable energy goals, solar power currently 8 (account) for nearly half of the country’s green energy capacity. Scientists and policymakers are increasingly concerned 9 the long-term impacts of this trend. As highlighted in our English textbooks, addressing air pollution requires collective action: reducing emissions, promoting clean energy, and adopting sustainable lifestyles. Only through such 10 (effort) can India reverse the dimming trend and secure a healthier future for its people. Passage 14 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origin of life is one of the most fundamental questions of mankind and one of the three greatest Origin Questions in the natural sciences. Recently, China 1 (official) launched its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission, Tianwen-3, marking a significant step forward in planetary exploration. The mission, 2 (schedule) for launch in 2078, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth, where advanced laboratory instruments 3 (adopt) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine 4 life ever existed — or may still exist — on Mars. Like Earth, Mars lies within 5 habitable zone of our solar system. Research suggests that Mars once had a thick atmosphere and a warm, moist (湿润的) climate early in its history, 6 (make) it suitable for the emergence and development of microbial (微生物的) life. The key to China’s MSR mission lies in identifying Martian materials most likely 7 (preserve) evidence of past or present life. To achieve this 8 (ambition) goal, Chinese scientists must conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. This includes searching for areas on Mars rich 9 essential minerals, regions where liquid water was likely present in the planet’s early history, 10 sites where traces of Martian microbial activity could potentially be preserved for billions of years. Passage 15 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mangrove Guardians Along the coast of southern China, a quiet revolution has taken root. Local fishermen, once dependent on offshore fishing, have become 1 (protect) of the mangrove forests — ecosystems so vital that scientists call them the “coastal guardians.” Mangroves, with their complex root systems, serve as natural barriers against storms and rising sea levels. They also provide rich breeding grounds 2 fish and shellfish. Yet for decades, these forests had been destroyed at 3 alarming rate to make way for fish farms and urban development. In 2018, a conservation program 4 (launch) with an innovative approach: former fishermen would be trained as eco-tour guides and restoration workers. The idea was simple — if local communities could benefit 5 (economic) from protecting mangroves, they would become their most devoted guardians. Seven years on, the results are striking. With over 2,000 hectares of mangroves 6 (restore) across the region, fish populations have recovered. 7 was once a source of conflict has become a model of cooperation. Villagers now earn stable incomes through eco-tourism, 8 (show) visitors the forests that they once 9 (seek) to clear. “This is not just about trees,” says project leader Ms. Chen. “It’s about redefining our relationship with nature. We commit ourselves to protecting the mangroves, 10 they protect us in return.” 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $