Unit 4 Space exploration Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语 人教版必修第三册

该高中英语课件围绕英语基本句型、句子成分及非谓语动词展开，重点讲解不定式的用法。课堂从基本句型和成分导入，逐步过渡到非谓语动词，再聚焦不定式作定语、状语等功能，构建从基础到复杂的学习支架。 其亮点在于实例丰富且分类清晰，通过大量例句和练习题帮助学生掌握不定式用法，培养语言能力。分类讲解不定式功能（如定语表未完成/将来，状语表目的/结果），提升思维品质。清晰的知识脉络和练习设计助力学习能力发展，学生能系统掌握语法，教师可高效开展教学。

基本句型： Birds fly. I like English. She bought me a phone. He made me angry. She is a teacher. There is a book. 基本成分： 主谓宾 定状补 表 同位语 修饰 非谓语： 表主动 doing 表被动 done 表目的 to do→目的状语“为了” To be admitted into the university, I study really hard. 定语： She is a beautiful girl. It's a football match. His brother is a doctor. He has two apples. The book on the desk is mine. I have a lot of work to do. The sleeping baby is cute. The book written by Lu Xun is great. The man who is talking to Tom is my teacher. 修饰名词 1. Scientists work hard to find answers. 2. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe. 3. However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. 4. I have homework to do. 5. America’s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 to study deep space. 6. The next train to arrive is from Beijing. 目的状语 目的状语 定语： 表未完成 定语： 表未完成 目的状语 定语： 表将来 以下全部都是修饰成分: 作定语、状语 形式： 功能: to do to do 作定语表未完成/将来， (不定式，非谓语) 目的状语 to do 作状语表目的 to do 作定语（未完成） I have three essays ________(write) this weekend. She needs a volunteer ____________(look after) the kids. to do 作定语（表将来） 下周举行的会议很重要。 The meeting __________ next week is of great importance. 即将到来的节日是缅怀先人的好时机。 The festival ________ is a good time for you to honor your ancestors. to be held to come to write to look after 她需要一个照看孩子的志愿者➡照看动作尚未发生，有待执行 我这周末有三篇要写的论文。➡️论文尚未写，动作待完成 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot. 2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space. 3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. 4. Scientists were determined to realise the dream to explore space. 5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. 目的状语 目的状语 目的状语 定语: 表未完成 定语: ≠未完成 【特例：the first（序数词）, the best(最高级）, the only, the right, the next, the last +名词+ to do】 He is looking for a place __________ (park) his car. The window _________ (break) by the ball needs to be fixed. He got up early __________ (catch) the first bus. The boy __________ (stand) under the tree is my brother. She studies hard __________ (get) good grades. She is the youngest person__________ (win) the competition. Armstrong was the first man__________ (walk) on the moon. There are many letters___________ (send) tomorrow. The meeting ____________(hold) next week is of great importance. to park broken to catch standing to get to win to walk to be sent to be held to do 除了作定语，还能... 不定式: 在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。 To learn English is important. She wants to buy a new phone. My teacher told me to read more books. My dream is to become a doctor. I have a lot of homework to do. He got up early to catch the first bus. 《课时评价》 1. 作___________: 那样做是很幼稚的. To act like that is childish. =It is childish to act like that. To make such a mistake is foolish. =___________________________________________ 为避免句子出现 “头重脚轻”现象，常用it 做形式主语，将真正主语的不定式后置。 构成以下结构：It + be + adj. / n. + to do sth.。 主语 It is foolish to make such a mistake. 表某一具体的事情、某个动作 2. 作___________: 例句： I wish to learn English well. Mankind desires to find out the secrets of the universe. I find it difficult to work with Tom. 宾语 常接不定式做宾语的动词有： want, plan, expect, aim, promise, prepare, agree, refuse, prefer, choose, attempt, manage, strive, seek, afford, prove 等. 翻译：我觉得对中国来说花钱探索太空是重要的。 I find it significant for China to spend money on space exploration. 表将来 常接不定式做宾语的动词有： want, plan, expect, aim, promise, prepare, agree, refuse, prefer, choose, attempt, manage, strive, seek, afford, prove 等. 动作未发生 want 想要 / plan 计划 / hope 希望 / promise 承诺/aim 旨在 / expect 期待 / ask 要求 意愿/态度 agree 同意 / refuse 拒绝 / prefer 宁愿 / choose 选择 tend 倾向于 / offer 主动提出 / decide 决定 determine 决心 / prepare 准备 / continue 继续 尝试/努力 attempt 尝试 / manage 设法成功 / strive 努力/ seek 寻求 能力/可行性 afford 承担得起 / prove 证明是 to do 除了作目的状语，还能... He came here to attend an important meeting. He shouted and waved in order to be noticed. I'll write down his telephone number so as not to forget it. 为了强调或突出这种目的，可用in order (not) to do，和so as (not) to do（so as to do不可以置于句首） 一、不定式作目的状语 He hurried to the booking office, only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out. The box is too heavy to carry. She is tall enough to reach the shelf. only to do 表出乎意料的结果；too ... to 太...以至于不能, ...enough to do 足够...以至于能 二、不定式作结果状语 I am so excited to be here! I’m sorry to hear that. We’re proud to be young people of China. He is glad to be invited to the meeting. 主语 + be + 形容词 + to do，此类形容词多是glad, excited, disappointed, shocked等表示喜怒哀乐的形容词。 三、不定式作原因状语 抽象名词+to do (chance机会、ability能力、right权利、way方法+to do） the chance to win 获胜的机会 an opportunity to study abroad 出国留学的机会 the ability to solve the problems 解决问题的能力 the right to vote 投票的权利 a new way to cook fish 一种做鱼的新方法 顺序类限定词（ the first序数词/ best最高级/only/ last）+名词+ to do the first person to arrive the best place to eat the last one to leave the only way to solve it 不定代词/疑问词+ to do something to eat what to do only to do 表示出乎意料的结果 He rushed to the airport only to be told the plane had already left. 形容词/副词+enough+ to do 足够...以至于能够 to do, in order to do, so as to do 为了 情感类/评价类形容词+to do I was surprised to see him at the party. This is a difficult problem to solve. 《课时评价12》P34 1. ____________ (keep) fit, she takes exercise every day. 2. I can’t afford ____________ (buy) such an expensive computer. 3. We’re talking about how ____________ (overcome) the present difficulties. 4. My grandmother woke up only _________(find) everybody had gone. 5. You are the right person ____________ (do) the job. To keep to buy to overcome to find to do 6. Marie is a pleasant person ____________ (work) with. 7. She was surprised ____________ (see) George walk in. 8. The child is old enough ____________ (dress) herself. 9. I ran all the way so as not ____________(be) late for the important meeting. 10. Let those in need ____________ (understand) that we will all go out to help them. to work to see to dress to be understand $