Unit 6 Section A 重点单词、知识点、语法讲解及相关的练习 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语学案以“Unit6 Section A 文化礼仪”为核心，围绕核心词汇、词形转换及语法句型设定知识、能力、情感三维目标。通过“词汇精讲-语法辨析-文化理解-专项练习”的递进式任务设计，构建从基础积累到综合运用的完整学习路径。 亮点在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养，通过“不同国家见面礼仪对比”“餐桌礼仪情景填空”等任务，引导学生在语境中区分-ed/-ing形容词、unless与if…not转换，提升思维品质。专项练习覆盖词形转换、句型应用等考点，为教师单元复习提供系统支持，助力学生夯实基础并发展跨文化沟通能力。

Unit6 Section A 同步精讲 核心词汇+词形转换专项讲解 一、学习目标 1.知识目标掌握 shake、rub、hug、unless、bow、rude、formal、custom 等核心词汇，熟记词形变化、固定搭配与词义用法；熟练区分 - ed 与 - ing 类形容词，掌握名词复数、词性转换等考点。 2.能力目标能运用unless引导条件状语从句，掌握 so…that… 结果状语从句；熟练运用 be used to doing 句型；能读懂文化礼仪类短文，完成词义填空、单选与句型转换。 3.情感目标了解不同国家见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等文化差异，尊重不同地域风俗习惯，学会文明礼貌待人。 二、学习重点 1.核心动词变形：shake /shook/shaken，rub，hug 等不规则、规则变化。 2.易混形容词：-ed（人感到） 与 -ing（事物令人） 用法区别。 3.重点连词 unless 用法及主将从现句式。 4.固定句型：It’s + adj. + to do sth；be used to doing sth。 5.餐桌礼仪、社交礼仪相关短语与情景运用。 三、学习难点 1.正确区分 used to do /be used to do /be used to doing 三组易混结构。 2.在语境中准确选用 - ed 形式和 - ing 形式形容词。 3.unless 与 if…not 同义句转换，以及时态灵活运用。 4.结合中西文化差异，在情景题、完形语境中精准选词填空。 一、重点实义词精讲 1.shake /ʃeɪk/ v. 摇动；握手 变形：过去式shook，过去分词shaken 常用搭配：shake hands 握手；shake one's head 摇头 例句：We shake hands when we meet. 2. rub /rʌb/ v. 摩擦；揉 变形：过去式/过去分词**rubbed**，现在分词**rubbing** 搭配：rub eyes 揉眼睛；rub hands 搓手 3. **hug /hʌɡ/ v.&n. 拥抱** 变形：现在分词**hugging**，过去式**hugged** 搭配：give sb a hug 拥抱某人；hug warmly 热情拥抱 4. **unless /ənˈles/ conj. 除非；如果不** 用法：引导条件状语从句，等同于**if...not** 时态遵循**主将从现**，从句不用将来时 例句：I won't go unless you come. 5. **bow /baʊ/ v. & n. 鞠躬；弯腰** 搭配：bow to sb 向某人鞠躬；make a bow 鞠躬行礼 用法：多用于日本、韩国等国家见面礼仪 6. **bump /bʌmp/ v. 碰撞；相撞 n. 肿块** 搭配：bump into sb 偶遇/撞到某人；bump against 撞上某物 7. **kiss /kɪs/ v.&n. 亲吻** 搭配：kiss on the cheek 亲吻脸颊；give a kiss 亲一下 8. **cheek /tʃiːk/ n. 脸颊；脸蛋** 复数：**cheeks** 常用场景：西方见面贴面礼常用词汇 9. **rude /ruːd/ adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的** 反义词：**polite** 有礼貌的 派生词：**rudely** adv. 粗鲁地 句型：It's rude to do sth. 做某事是无礼的 10. **formal /ˈfɔːml/ adj. 正式的** 反义词：**informal** 非正式的 搭配：formal meeting 正式会议；formal manners 正式礼仪 11. **proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 合适的；恰当的** 副词形式：**properly** 适当地；正确地 搭配：proper way 正确方式 12. **private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 私人的；私下的** 搭配：private life 私人生活；private things 私事 13. **custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 习俗；风俗** 复数：**customs** 辨析：custom 社会风俗；habit 个人习惯 14. **occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/ n. 场合；时机** 搭配：on different occasions 在不同场合 二、-ed 形容词 & -ing 形容词（高频必考） 1）**-ed结尾**：主语**人**，表示**人主观感到……** embarrassed 感到尴尬的 confused 感到困惑的 surprised 感到惊讶的 2）-ing结尾：主语事物，表示事物本身令人…… embarrassing 令人难堪的 confusing 令人困惑的 surprising 令人吃惊的 三、名词复数变形 manner 方式 → manners 礼仪（常用复数） chopstick 筷子 → chopsticks（必用复数） custom 习俗 → customs 多种习俗 四、形容词变副词 nice 美好的 → nicely 友好地；得体地 proper 恰当的 → properly 恰当地 五、词性派生 culture 名词 文化 → cultural 形容词 文化的 polite 有礼貌的 → impolite 反义词 无礼的 common 普通的 → uncommon 罕见的 六、固定搭配变形 be used to + doing sth 习惯于做某事 marry 动词结婚 → married 形容词 已婚的 必背核心句型 1. It’s + 形容词 + to do sth. 做某事是……的 例：It’s rude to talk loudly in public. 在公共场合大声说话是无礼的。 2. so…that… 如此……以至于……（结果状语从句） 3. unless 除非；如果不 = if…not 4. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 易混短语辨析 1. used to do 过去常常做某事 2. be used to do 被用来做某事 3. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 基础过关专项练习 一、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词 1. Chinese people usually s________ hands when they meet each other. 2. It is r________ to laugh at others’ mistakes. 3. This grammar rule is so c________ that few students understand it. 4. She felt really e________ when she forgot others’ names. 5. People in India put their p________ together to show respect. 6. We usually use c________ to eat rice and noodles. 7. You should use p________ ways to greet foreign friends. 8. Different countries have different traditional c________. 9. Please sit u________ and listen to the teacher carefully. 10. Don’t put your e________ on the dinner table while eating. 2、 用所给单词适当形式填空 1. The result is very ________ (surprise) for all of us. 2. He was ________ (embarrass) because of his silly mistake. 3. This is a ________ (confuse) question for junior students. 4. We should learn more ________ (culture) knowledge. 5. It’s ________ (polite) to eat with noises. 6. My sister is used to ________ (drink) warm milk every night. 7. Good table ________ (manner) are very important. 8. They have been ________ (marry) for five years. 9. Please speak ________ (nice) to your classmates. 10. This is an ________ (form) business meeting. 三、选词填空 unless proper hug rub private uncommon formal kiss rude keep…off 1. Don’t be ________ to the elderly people. 2. You can’t enter the room ________ you get permission. 3. Teachers teach us ________ ways to communicate with others. 4. You can ________ your eyes when you feel tired. 5. It is ________ to see such strange plants in this city. 6. People usually ________ their family members warmly. 7. We cannot talk about ________ matters in public. 8. Please ________ your clothes ________ the dirty wall. 9. In some western countries, people ________ each other on cheeks. 10. All guests wear suits for this______ party. 四、单项选择 1. We should use ________ when we share food with others. A. fork B. serving chopsticks C. elbow 2. The little boy felt ________ and kept silent all the time. A. embarrassing B. embarrassed C. embarrass 3. I get used ________ walking after dinner now. A. to B. for C. with 4. You will fail the exam ________ you study hard from now on. A. if B. unless C. though 5. She is ________ shy ________ speak in front of crowds. A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that 6. It’s polite to ________ when you meet Japanese people. A. hug B. bow C. kiss 7. Different ________ have different table manners. A. culture B. cultures C. cultural 8. Please keep your arms ________ the desk. A. off B. on C. in 9. This story is ________, all of us feel ________. A. surprising; surprised B. surprised; surprising C. surprise; surprised 10. I ________ get up late, but now I am used to ________ up early. A. used to; get B. used to; getting C. use to; getting 五、完成句子 1. 了解不同的文化习俗十分重要。 It’s important to know about different ________ ________. 2. 请坐直并且不要把手肘放在餐桌上。 Please sit up and ________ your elbows ________ the table. 3. 我已经习惯西式餐桌礼仪了。 I ________ ________ ________ western table manners. 4. 除非下雨，否则我们明天外出游玩。 We will go out to play tomorrow ________ it rains. 5. 这个电影如此有趣以至于我看了两遍。 The movie is ________ interesting ________ I watch it twice. 参考答案 一、首字母填空 1.shake 2.rude 3.confusing 4.embarrassed 5.palms 6.chopsticks 7.proper 8.customs 9.up 10.elbows 二、词性转换 1.surprising 2.embarrassed 3.confusing 4.cultural 5.impolite 6.drinking 7.manners 8.married 9.nicely 10.formal 三、选词填空 1.rude 2.unless 3.proper 4.rub 5.uncommon 6.hug 7.private 8.keep;off 9.kiss 10.formal 四、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.B 五、完成句子 1.cultural customs 2.keep; off 3.am used to 4.unless 5.so; that 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $