高考复习热点话题--航空航天&低空经济词汇 清单-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统整合航天与低空经济两大前沿主题，涵盖航天基础词汇、天宫空间站等七大模块及低空经济行业术语、应用场景等五类核心词汇，配套三篇中英对照阅读材料。 清单采用主题分类与中英对照双轨呈现，如航天词汇按任务类型分级，低空经济术语关联应用场景，重点词汇如“taikonaut”“eVTOL”配应用提示。阅读材料整合原文与译文，培养语言能力与文化意识，助力学生构建专业词汇网络，教师可据此设计主题式复习，提升备考针对性。

航天主题 中英词汇整理 1、 基础航天词汇 aerospace 航空航天 spacecraft 航天器 rocket 火箭 satellite 卫星 launch 发射 orbit 轨道 mission 任务 crew 航天员乘组 astronaut 宇航员 taikonaut 中国航天员 二、天宫空间站系列 space station 空间站 Tiangong Space Station 天宫空间站 core module 核心舱 experimental module 实验舱 cargo spacecraft 货运飞船 manned spacecraft 载人飞船 space lab 空间实验室 三、神舟载人航天 Shenzhou 神舟 Shenzhou VII 神舟七号 manned spaceflight 载人航天 re-entry capsule 返回舱 landing 着陆 recovery 回收 四、探月・嫦娥工程 lunar exploration 月球探测 lunar probe 月球探测器 Chang'e 嫦娥 rover 月球车 / 火星车 lunar surface 月球表面 soft landing 软着陆 五、火星探测・天问 Mars exploration 火星探测 Tianwen-1 天问一号 deep space exploration 深空探测 interplanetary flight 星际飞行 六、关键技术动作 dock 对接 rendezvous 交会 spacewalk 太空行走 extravehicular activity (EVA) 出舱活动 blast off 发射升空 deploy 部署 conduct experiments 做实验 monitor 监测 七、其他词汇 major power in space 航天大国 cutting-edge technology 尖端科技 national pride 民族自豪 peaceful use of space 和平利用太空 contribute to humanity 为人类贡献力量 低空经济- 中英词汇整理 一、行业核心术语 低空经济 - the low-altitude economy /low-altitude aviation 科技前沿 - frontiers of science and technology 新质生产力 - new productive forces 战略性新兴产业 - strategic emerging sectors /strategic emerging industry 无人机产业 - drone industry 无人机 - drone /unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) 无人机产业链的布局和拓展 - the layout and expansion of the drone-industry chain 大型双发无人运输机 - large, twin-engine unmanned transport aircraft 电动垂直起降飞行器 - electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft Urban air mobility (UAM) - 城市空中交通 Drone delivery/logistics - 无人机配送 / 物流 Airspace management - 空域管理 Regulatory framework - 监管框架 Smart infrastructure - 智能基础设施 Last-mile delivery - 最后一公里配送 Commercialization - 商业化 Sustainable aviation - 可持续航空 Air traffic control (ATC) - 空中交通管制 Emerging industries - 新兴产业 Digitalization - 数字化 Public-private partnerships - 公私合作 飞行汽车 - flying cars 起降 - takeoffs and landings 累计飞行小时数 - the cumulative flight time 机场班车 - airport shuttle bus /airport shuttles 空中出租车 - air taxi 城市空中交通 - urban air mobility 新型城市空中交通模式 - new urban air-mobility models 大疆 - DJI 全球领先无人机制造商大疆的总部所在地 - home to leading global drone manufacturer DJI 二、技术与特点类 具有易装卸、高可靠、高安全以及高度智能化等特点 - have easy loading and unloading features, high reliability and safety levels, and a high degree of intelligence 推进技术 - propulsion technology 无人机导航 - drone navigation 确保无人机即使在复杂的城市环境中也能保持航线稳定 - ensure that drones can stay on course even in challenging urban environments 上行速率 - uplink speeds 下行速率 - downlink speeds 选择环保的航空燃料 - apply environmentally friendly aviation fuels 三、应用场景与服务类 实际应用 - practical applications /real-world applications 进行了首次飞行试验 - make its maiden flight 拓展航空货运新场景 - expand its air cargo transportation scenarios 航空货运 - air cargo transportation 打造低空经济智慧物流新业态 - create a new type of smart logistics in the low-altitude economy 无人机运输货物 - goods transported by drones on passenger flights 利用无人机配送外卖 - use drones to deliver takeout 无人机货运航线 - drone cargo routes 首条无人机配送路线 - first drone-delivery route 短途、跨区域及城市配送 - short-haul, cross-region and city deliveries 在人口稠密、交通繁忙的城市地区 - in densely populated and traffic-heavy urban areas 解决了 “最后一公里” 配送难题 - solve the "last mile" delivery problem 城市物流运输 - urban logistic transportation 拓展低空物流的边界 - push the boundaries of low-altitude logistics 将货物送往传统运输方式难以覆盖的区域 - deliver goods to areas that traditional transport modes have struggled to reach 渡船运输 - ferry transport 城际飞行旅行 - intercity air travel 低空中观光和冒险活动 - low-altitude aerial sightseeing and adventure activities 精准农业任务 - precision agriculture tasks 城市和自然景观飞行 - city and natural landscape flights 跳伞 - skydiving 滑翔伞 - paragliding 农药喷洒 - pesticide spraying 医疗救护 - medical transport 警务安防 - police operations 运输血液和医疗样本 - transport blood and medical specimens 城市医疗物资 “空中走廊” - an urban "sky corridor" for medical supplies 无人机血液运输航线 - blood delivery drone route 为成千上万名患者争取了宝贵时间 - save valuable time for thousands of patients 让更多人亲身体验低空物流的便利 - let more people experience firsthand the convenience of low-altitude logistics 航空应急救援 - emergency aviation rescue 应急救援 - emergency rescue 四、政策与发展类 政策变化 - policy updates 以房地产和基础设施投资为主的发展模式 - traditional real estate and infrastructure investment-based development model 呼吁地方政府加快低空经济相关基础设施的部署 - call on local governments to expedite infrastructure deployment for the low-altitude economy 推动高校设立与低空产业相关的专业 - establish low-altitude industry-related programmes 市场规模 - market scale /market size 提高了运输效率 - improve transportation efficiency 开拓了新的市场空间 - open up new market spaces 迅速将货物送达偏远地区 - quickly transport goods to remote areas 以全新的视角欣赏美景 - appreciate scenic spots from a new perspective 被誉为中国 “低空经济元年” - be hailed as "the first year of an era of low-altitude economy" in China 最大受益者之一 - one of the biggest winners 连接该市与周边机场的空中走廊 - an aerial corridor connecting the city with surrounding airports 简化空域管理 - simplify airspace management 政务飞行 - government flying service 城市内的货物和人员运输 - the intracity transport of goods and passengers 积极推动无人机物流的商业化应用 - actively advance the commercial use of drone-based logistics 在毗邻的经济重镇广州 - in the neighboring economic powerhouse of Guangzhou 从土地转向天空 - turn their sights from the land to the skies 在 1,000 米（3,280 英尺）以下空域内的载人和无人活动 - manned and unmanned activities within airspace below 1,000 metres (3,280 feet) 五、其他 Transformative potential of aerial technologies（航空技术的变革潜力） Integration of drones into urban ecosystems（无人机与城市生态系统的整合） Address regulatory bottlenecks（解决监管瓶颈） Revolutionize traditional logistics networks（革新传统物流网络） Enhance emergency response capabilities（提升应急响应能力） Achieve seamless air-ground coordination（实现空地无缝协同） Promote green and low-carbon development（推动绿色低碳发展） Balance innovation with safety concerns（平衡创新与安全问题） Unlock economic value in lower airspace（释放低空空域经济价值） Foster cross-industry collaboration（促进跨行业合作） 三、Reading Materials（阅读原文 + 译文） Passage 1 English:YUE OARESTONDENT'S heart raced as the door thudded shut. She was alone in the plush two-seat vehicle, but too nervous to take much pleasure in the leather upholstery and panoramic windows. The 16 propellers arranged in a circle around the passenger cabin began to turn, and then the electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft—to all intents and purposes, a self-flying car—began to rise smoothly into the air. It climbed to a height of about 50 metres, affording sweeping views of the cranes and docks of an industrial neighbourhood of Guangzhou, before descending again to the same spot from which it took off, at the headquarters of EHang, the company that made it. EHang had invited The Economist to try out the vehicle, just after a social-media influencer and just before an investor in the firm. But in March EHang became the first eVTOL-maker in the world to receive a licence to carry passengers commercially. It is planning to start offering flights to the public soon in Guangzhou and another big city, Hefei. 中文译文：本刊通讯员的心随着舱门砰地关上而怦怦直跳。虽然独自置身于这辆豪华双座飞行器中，但紧张的心情让她无暇过多享受真皮座椅和全景舷窗带来的愉悦。环绕在乘客舱周围的十六个螺旋桨开始徐徐转动，随后，这架电动垂直起降（eVTOL）飞行器 —— 实质上就是一辆自动驾驶飞行器 —— 开始平稳升空。它爬升至约 50 米的高度，将广州某工业区的吊车与码头尽收眼底，随后又徐徐降落在起飞时的原地 —— 其制造商亿航智能（EHang）的总部。亿航智能在邀请了一位网红体验后、一位公司投资人体验前，邀请了《经济学人》试乘该飞行器。今年三月，亿航智能成为全球首家获得载人商业运营许可证的 eVTOL 制造商。公司计划很快在广州及另一座大城市合肥开始向公众提供飞行服务。 Passage 2 English:Flying cars are only just beginning to take off, but drone deliveries are already flying high in parts of China. Most of the office-workers filing out of skyscrapers in Shenzhen on a recent spring day to queue at a kiosk run by Meituan, a food-delivery app, looked blasé. Only one, Huang Jieling, appeared surprised to discover that her lunch would be delivered by a drone. Meals are dispensed through the front of the kiosk, after customers identify themselves by entering the last four digits of their mobile-phone number, even as a steady stream of drones drops off bubble tea, noodle soup and chicken rice through a hatch in the kiosk's roof. “I didn't think takeout, which is very cheap, would be delivered by drones,” Ms Huang, a 24-year-old e-commerce worker, admitted. Delivery drones and flying cars are mainly science fiction in the rest of the world, although in some places they have advanced to the realm of prototypes and trials. Walmart, a pioneer, has made 150,000 deliveries by drone in America since 2021. In China, however, these technologies are becoming an everyday reality. The government is vigorously promoting them as part of its ambition to develop a "low-altitude economy". By that it means a proliferation of airborne devices whizzing around at less than 1,000 metres (far lower than ordinary commercial planes), offering a dizzying array of services. The intention is to foster a futuristic industry for China to dominate by refining the approach that has already turned the country into an electric-vehicle (EV) juggernaut. 中文译文：飞行汽车才刚刚崭露头角，但在中国的部分地区，无人机配送已然蓬勃发展。最近一个春日，深圳的上班族们从摩天大楼中鱼贯而出，在美团的取餐柜前排起队来，大多数人看起来见怪不怪。只有一位名叫黄洁玲（Huang Jie-ling）的女士似乎惊讶地发现，她的午餐竟是由无人机送来的。顾客通过输入手机号码的后四位来验证身份后，餐点会从取餐柜正面取出。与此同时，源源不断的无人机正通过取餐柜顶部的舱门投放着珍珠奶茶、汤面和鸡米饭。“我没想到这么便宜的外卖会用无人机配送，” 这位 24 岁的电商从业者黄小姐坦言道。 无人机配送和飞行汽车在世界其他地区仍主要停留在科幻领域，尽管在少数地方已发展到原型机和试验阶段。先行者沃尔玛自 2021 年以来已在美国完成了 15 万次无人机配送。然而在中国，这些技术正日益成为日常现实。政府正大力推动这些技术，将其作为发展 “低空经济” 宏伟蓝图的一部分。所谓 “低空经济”，是指大量飞行设备在 1000 米以下空域（远低于普通商业飞机）穿梭往来，提供令人眼花缭乱的各类服务。其意图在于通过复制已将中国打造成电动汽车（EV）产业巨擘的成功经验，培育一个由中国主导的未来主义产业。 Passage 3 English:If anything, the Chinese authorities are worried that they may be encouraging the industry too much. It must be developed in accordance with the "one country, one chessboard" principle, the national planning agency has warned, meaning that investments should be coordinated at a national level, rather than each locality making its own plans. State media have cautioned local governments against "blindly following trends and rushing in" and creating "redundant infrastructure and disorderly competition." Although the economics of drone delivery seem sound, at least in some instances, it is less clear how eVTOL firms will make a profit. Several Western ones have recently gone bust. In China much of the capital underpinning the industry's growth comes from state investment funds, which may focus more on signals from the high-ups than from the market. But even if investors make little money, China's skies seem certain to see a proliferation of drones and flying cars. As Mr Hu of EHang puts it, "The era we are in now is already the future era referred to by science-fiction movies." 中文译文：事实上，中国当局反而担心自己可能对这个行业鼓励过度了。国家发改委（national planning agency）已警告，低空经济必须按照 “全国一盘棋”（one country, one chessboard）的原则发展，这意味着投资应在国家层面进行协调，而不是各地自行其是。官方媒体也告诫地方政府要避免 “盲目跟风、一哄而上”（blindly following trends and rushing in），造成 “重复建设和无序竞争”（redundant infrastructure and disorderly competition）。 尽管无人机送货的经济效益在某些情况下似乎可行，但 eVTOL 企业将如何盈利则不那么明朗。最近已有几家西方公司倒闭（gone bust）。在中国，支撑该行业增长的资本很大一部分来自国有投资基金（state investment funds），这些基金可能更关注来自高层的信号而非市场信号。但即使投资者赚不到多少钱，中国的天空似乎注定会出现越来越多的无人机和飞行汽车。正如亿航（EHang）的胡先生所说：“我们现在所处的时代，已经是科幻电影中描绘的未来时代了。” 一 —　1　— 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $