Unit 4 How can we become good learners单元语法聚焦-【练测考】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语（鲁教版五四制）

鲁教版·英语（八年级下册）一 Lian Ce Kao 单元语法聚焦 答案：P8 by的用法 y为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，意义较多，其用法归纳如下： 意为“通过做某事；以…的方式”，在句中作方式状语， 用于回答how提问的句子 How do you learn new words,.Jane?简，你怎样学习生词？ by doing sth. By making word cards.通过制作单词卡片。 ! They went to France by air. 他们坐飞机去了法国。 by+ 意为“乘坐（车、船）等”，名词须是单数，且其前不加 交通工具类名词 任何冠词，相当于“onin+冠词+交通工具类名词” 表地点位置，意为“靠近；在…旁边” by+地点名词 The old man was very happy to sit by the fire. 那个老人坐在火堆旁很高兴。 表示“独自” by+反身代词 She learns English by herself..她自学英语。 p的用 表时间，意为“在…之前不迟于” 表示某一动作发生在某一时间点之前 by+时间点 Be here by ten o'clock.十点之前到这儿. 意为“被，由”，常用于被动语态，引出动作执行者 by+ The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 动作执行者 教室每天由学生们打扫。 ①by the way顺便问一下 ②by accident/chance偶然地 ③by mistake错误地 ④by hand用手；手工的 ⑤by bus/plane坐公交车/飞机 ⑥by oneself独自地 固定短语 ⑦word by word逐字地 ⑧little/bit by little/bit一点一点地 ⑨one by one逐个地；逐一地 ⑩day by day一天天地 ①by the end of..到…末尾 ②by the time..到…时候 【辨析】by,with,in表示“用”时的区别 侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递 方式或媒介等 by in 侧重“用”语言、语调、颜色等 Lucy learns Chinese by moving to China The girl in red is my daughter. 侧重“用”有形的工具、材料、内容等 with 的 助记 by方式及方法，with有形的工具，语言 He's used to writing with his left hand. 用 材料in替换 62 Where there is a will,.there is a way..有志者事竟成。 Lian Ce Kao Unit 4 ·语法专练· 5.我们通常坐公共汽车去上学。 I,在空白处填入一个适当的单词 We usually go to school 1.The woman stood Ⅲ.根据汉语及提示词翻译句子或根据图片提 the window, 示完成句子 watching the girls dancing outside. 1.我通过锻炼保持健康。(by) 2.My mother often tells me it's impolite to hit an empty bowl chopsticks. 2.A:How does the boy learn English? 3.-I could tell the look on her face B: that something exciting had happened. 3.A: -Exactly！ B:I learn English by watching 4.This story is simple English.My movies. little sister can read it. 5.-I never see Linda take a taxi to work. 4.A:How do you learn history? 笔记本 一To live a low-carbon(低碳的）life,she B: always goes to work her bike 5.A:How do you usually go to school? instead of taxi. B: 6.-How do you memorize the new English words? W.语法填空 making vocabulary lists. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 7.We should speak (不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 a low voice in public. Tom is a 12-year-old boy.He goes to school bike every day.He has a special 8.He bought a few books a little 1 schoolbag.His mother made it by 2. money. hand)for him as a prize.There is a story 9.-How do you improve your speaking skills? behind this bag.Tom didn't use to study hard. having conversations One day,his teacher asked the students to answer friends English. questions one by 3. (one).Tom 10.Underlining the mistakes red ink is couldn't answer 4. some)of them. one of the ways that teachers usually use to He had to stand 5. the window for an remind students to pay attention to their work. hour.Later,the teacher gave him some advice. Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子 First,he could memorize the words by 1.他叔叔以教书为生。 6. repeat)them often.Second,he His uncle made a living should finish his homework by 7. (he). 2.到这个月底，我们会完成工作。 Finally,he should try to study and remember We will finish our work information bit by 8. bit)instead of this month leaving everything to the last minute.From then 3.在那些日子，人们通常手工制作书本。 on,Tom changed.As time passed 9. In those days,people usually made books he improved a lot in his studies.That's why his mother made him that special schoolbag. 4.不要一个词一个词地读课文。 10. the way,he is one of the top Don't read the text students in his class now. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。 63通过测试了解学生的需求。 3.C细节理解题。根据第五段中“For those with a lower need...listening to music is good...did much better in learning word pairs”可知，对外部 刺激需求低的学生在音乐环境下表现更好。 4.B写作意图题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“听 音乐对学习的影响”的研究展开，目的是介绍 该研究发现。 .【语篇解读】本文介绍了学英语的一些建议。 1.Instead 2.first 3.more 4.is 5.until 6.best 7.interested 8.When 9.listening 10.miss 单元语法聚焦 I.1.by 2.with 3.by 4.in 5.on;by 6.By 7.in 8.with 9.By;with;in 10.in II.1.by teaching 2.by the end of 3.by hand 4.word by word 5.by bus III.1.I keep healthy by doing exercise. 2.He learns English by listening to tapes. 3.How do you learn English? 4.I learn history by taking notes. 5.I usually go to school by bike/ride a bike to school. IV.【语篇解读】本文讲述了Tom的书包背后的故事。 1.by 2.hand 3.one 4.any 5.by 6.repeating 7.himself 8.bit 9.by 10.By Section B 考点11.A2.A3.of;to help 4.for;to study/learn 考点21.C2.meeting3.pay more attention to 考点31.to2.B3.connect;with Section B I.1.pronounce 2.speed 3.brain 4.active 5.wisely 6.attention 7.review 8.partner(s) 9.increased 10.create II.1.creative 2.worrying 3.knowledge 4.ability 5.to relax 6.improving 7.wisely 8.to study 9.walking III.1.in 2.on;Sure 3.It;for 4.of 5.Whether IV.1.He was born with a good memory. 2.whether;not;make;mistakes 3.instead of 4.own;review 5.connects spoken;with 6.depend on 7.for;to pay attention 8.even though/if 9.worry about 10.by bit V.1.successful 2.unless 3.practicing 4.of 5.times 6.writing 7.to review 8.questioning 9.a 10.wisely VⅥ.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍通过好奇心让学习变 得更有趣的方法。 1-5 EDBFC Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了化学是什么、一些化 学反应以及学习化学的方法等。 1.Chemistry studies what things are made of and how they change. 2.Because it connects other science subjects to each other. 3.6C0,+6H,0= chloroplasC.H60 light 4.How to be objective and how to solve problems in other science subjects. 5.I think it's interesting.I can explore every experiment in chemistry carefully. 阅读素养提升 I.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了马克思的学习成长 经历。 1.D根据前一句可知，马克思年轻时多次被迫 离开自己的国家，此处是指他在比利时，英国 和其他国家生活过。 2.B work hard at意为“努力从事于” 3.A根据固定搭配“so..that..”可知，空处使 用that引导结果状语从句。 4.B根据空后“the grammar and some of the idioms'”可知，有两件困难的事。 5.B空后“I keep on trying”是主句“I'll make even greater progress'”的条件，故使用if来引导 条件状语从句。 6.A根据选项和“for his hard work in learning English'”可知，空处选praise符合语境，表示写 信表扬他。 7.B根据常识可知，会一门外语对一个人的未 来来说是锦上添花的事，而且空处作定语，修 饰future,故使用形容词good的比较级形式 better 8.C根据句式“It's+形容词+to do sth.”可知，空 处使用形容词，排除选项A和D。根据上文 “把听到的内容翻译成正在学的外语”可知，用 这种方法练习，可以让自由使用语言变成 可能。 9.C根据空后“he tried,he did his best'”可知， 空处所填词作动词tied的宾语，故使用 whatever表示“无论什么” 10.D根据常识可知，他们说的一些话我们仍在 学习使用，所以应该是“很出名的”。 Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了通过 看好莱坞电影学习英语的具体步骤。 1.D细节理解题。根据第三段可知，第一次需 要看字幕，让眼睛和耳朵同时工作，尝试理解 电影主要意思。 2.A细节理解题。根据第五段中“It sounds hard but believe me,after enough practice at the first two steps,you will find it much easier to watch