Unit 2 It's a nice day, isn't itSection B-【练测考】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语（鲁教版五四制）

鲁教版·英语（八年级下册） Lian Ce Kao ★Section B★ 答案：P4 国知识梳理 9.a common form of communication 一种常见的交流方式 词形转换 Lian Ce Kao 10.the basic rules of small talk 闲聊的基本规则 1.cultural(ad.）→culture文化；修养 11.keep the conversation light and humorous 2.simlrity(n.)a达mlar相似的 保持对话轻松幽默 同义词 3.everyday(ad山.) daily日常的 12.depend on culture 视文化而定 私人话题 4.introduction(n.)→introduce介绍 13.private subjects 14.should be avoided 应该被避免 5.empty(a.）反义词 →full满的 15.seem strange to an English-speaking person 6.nicely(ad.)时nice美好的；友好的 对一个说英语的人来说似乎是不可思议的 7.fom(n.)-formal正规的；正式的 16.in many cultures 在许多文化中 17.change so much 变化如此多 8.business(n.)busy忙的 18.give sb.a chance to do sth. 9.worker(n.)《元work工作 给某人一个做某事的机会 大众新闻 10.helpful(ad.)helpless无助的；无用的 19.general news 20.subjects to avoid 避免的话题 &help帮助 重点句型 Lian Ce Kao 11.light(ad.） 反义词 heavy重的 1.How much did that shirt cost? 反义词 12.humorous(adj. humorless缺乏幽默 那件衬衫花了多少钱？ 感的*humor幽默；风趣 2.You've always been in this school,haven't you? 你一直在这所学校，不是吗？ 13.general(ad.&n.） adv →generally一般地；普 3.When Chinese people meet each other for the 遍地 first time,what do they usually talk about? 近义 14.tip(n.) →advice,suggestion建议 当中国人第一次见面的时候，他们通常讨论 V. 什么？ 15.greeting(n.)一→greet问候 4.Small talk is relaxed dialog that helps people 短语归纳 Lian Ce Kao● pass the time when they meet others. 1.see Friday night's game 看周五晚上的比赛 闲聊是轻松的对话，在人们遇到别人时帮他 2.small talk 闲谈：闲聊 们打发时间。 3.relaxed dialog 轻松的对话 5.Empty silences often make us feel nervous so 4.empty silences 无言的沉默 this is a way of filling those periods 5.make us feel nervous 使我们感觉紧张 无言的沉默常常使我们感到紧张，因此这是 6.a way of filling those periods 填补那些时刻的一种方式。 填补那些时刻的一种方法 6.You can make small talk when waiting in line 7.break the ice 打破僵局；打破沉默 at an airport or bus stop.当你在机场或公共 8.wait in line 排队等候 汽车站排队等候时，你可以闲聊。 Adversity makes a man wise,not rich.患难不能使人富有，却能使人聪明。 Lian Ce Kao Unit 2 7.They might be asked about how they got to the 谈论的事情通常是不重要的，但是闲聊本身很 meeting or if their hotel is comfortable. 重要。它让其他人感觉放松并很好地打发 他们可能会被问及是怎样到会的，或者宾馆 时间。 是否舒适。 B.一项日常活动 8.What they say may be very different,but the 对一些人来说，闲聊是一种常见的交流方式。 basic rules of small talk are often the same. 例如，商务旅行者总是会遇见新朋友，并且通常会 他们谈话的内容可能差异很大，但闲聊的基 在讨论严肃的生意之前进行闲聊。他们可能会被 本规则经常是相同的。 问及是怎样到会的，或者宾馆是否舒适。商店或 9.In most cultures,it is important to smile and 餐馆里的工作人员也发现当他们服务顾客的时 keep the conversation light and humorous. 候，闲聊是有帮助的。 在大多数文化中，微笑并使对话保持轻松幽 C.文化的相似之处 默是重要的。 几乎每一个国家的人都闲聊。他们谈话 10.In China,we can ask people if they are 的内容可能差异很大，但闲聊的基本规则经常 married or whether they have children. 是相同的。在大多数文化中，微笑并使对话保 在中国，我们可以问人们是否已婚或他们 持轻松幽默是重要的。让别人微笑能令他们 是否有孩子。 感到放松。 11.However,many Western people think these D.文化差异 are private subjects,so they should be 我们不应该讨论的事情也取决于文化。 avoided..然而，许多西方人认为这些是私人 在中国，我们可以问人们是否已婚或他们是否 话题，所以它们应该被避免。 有孩子。然而，许多西方人认为这些是私人话 12.Therefore,we should usually discuss "safe" 题，所以它们应该被避免。同样，中国人常见 subjects like the weather,which is common in 的问候“你吃了吗？”对一个说英语的人来说似 many cultures.所以，通常我们应该谈论一 些“安全的”话题，比如天气。这一，点在许 乎是不可思议的。 多文化中是共同的。 E.我们应该谈论什么？ 13.However,the most important thing is to give 所以，通常我们应该谈论一些“安全的”话 the other person a chance to speak and listen 题，比如天气。这一点在许多文化中是共同 to what they have to say.然而，最重要的是给 的。在英格兰，人们经常谈论天气，可能是因 对方发言的机会并听他们说什么。 为天气变化无常。然而，最重要的是给对方发 14.Here are some tips and advice. 言的机会并听他们说什么。 这是一些提示和建议。 ,了重点讲练 课文翻译 2b6 -Lian Ce Kao 考点①辨析cost,take,spend与pay 关于“闲聊”的介绍 How much did that shirt cost? A.什么是闲聊？ 那件衬衫花了多少钱？(P13) 闲聊是轻松的对话，在人们遇 到别人时帮他们打发时间。无言 词汇 用法 的沉默常常使我们感到紧张，因此 cost sth.+cost(+sb.)+money 这是填补那些时刻的一种方式。在英语中，人 (cost,cost)某物花费（某人）多少钱 们常常说它是“打破沉默”。当你在机场或公 take It+takes+sb.+some time+to do sth. 共汽车站排队等候时，你可以闲聊。虽然我们 (took,taken)做某事花费某人多少时间 Wisdom is better than gold or silver..智慧胜过金银。 29 鲁教版·英语（八年级下册） Lian Ce Kao sb.+spend+time/money+on+sth. 意为“每天”，在 He goes to school every 某人在某事上花费时间/钱 every day day.他每天都去 spend 句中作状语 sb.+spend+time+(in)doing+sth. 上学。 (spent,spent)某人花费时间做某事 sb.+spend+money+on doing sth. ·活学活用 某人花钱做某事 1.课堂上我们经常学习日常英语。 pay sb.+pay(+money)+for+sth. We often learn English in class. (paid,paid)某人花钱买某物 2.我爸爸每天下班后都打网球。 My father plays tennis after work He spent 1,000 yuan on the bike. =He paid 1,000 yuan for the bike. 3.我们有必要每天学习日常英语。 =The bike cost him 1,000 yuan. 他花了一千元买那辆自行车。 She spends an hour playing the piano every day. 考点3.辨析relaxed,.relax与relaxing =It takes her an hour to play the piano every Small talk is relaxed dialog that helps people day.她每天花一个小时弹钢琴。 pass the time when they meet others. ●活学活用 闲聊是轻松的对话，在人们遇到别人时帮他们 打发时间。(P14) spend,take,pay,cost 词汇 用法 例句 1.It about eight minutes for sunlight to travel from the sun to the earth. 意为“感到轻松，放 2.-Do you take exercise every day? 松，不受拘束的”。The song can make me -Yes.I always half an hour relaxed 在句子中可作表语 relaxed.这首歌能使 walking after dinner. 和定语，主要描述人 我放松。 3.-Smartphones are more and more popular 的感受 now. -So they are.But they still too much. 4.1 $300 for the bike last year. 既可以用作及物动 词，也可以用作不及 I need a cup of tea to 5.She spends an hour reading English every day. relax relax.我需要喝杯茶 物动词，意为“放 (改为同义句) 放松一下。 松；使…放松” It her an hour English every day. 考点2.辨析everyday与every day You can listen to relaxing 作形容词，指“令人 music in the bath! An everyday activity一项日常活动(Pl4) relaxing 轻松的” 你可以边洗澡边听令 词汇 用法 例句 人放松的音乐！ 作形容词，意为 “每天的；平常 This is my everyday ●活学活用 everyday 的；日常的”，同 work.这是我每天的 1.-I'm very tired these days because of the 义词为daiy, 工作。 senior high school entrance examination. 般在句中作定语 -Why not listen to music?It can make you All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 Lian Ce Kao Unit 2 (relax) 副词以及介词短语等。 2.I like cooking.I think it is a good way to He kept me waiting for half an hour. (放松) 他让我等了半个小时。 3.Reading interesting storybooks before bed is Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. (relax)for many children. 少说话，多观察。 4.He usually (放松)2 hours every He always keeps his books in good order. day. 他总是把书放得整整齐齐。 考点4make的用法 ●活学活用、 Empty silences often make us feel nervous so this 1.你们一定要保持地板干净。 is a way of filling those periods.无言的沉默常常 You must the floor 使我们感到紧张，因此这是填补那些时刻的一 2.He exercises a lot to keep himself 种方式。(P14)》 (health) 结构 用法 例句 3.Our teacher kept us discuss)the The boss makes Jack question for 20 minutes. make sb. 意为“使某人做 clean his office every 考点6 avoid的用法 do sth. 某事” day.老板让杰克每天 many 打扫他的办公室。 However, Western people think these are private subjects,so they should be avoided. 意为“使某人… 然而，许多西方人认为这些是私人话题，所以 使变成…；使 它们应该被避免。 处于某种状态”。 (P14) The good news made make+ 其后可接名词、代词或动词 宾语补足语用来 us happy..这则好消 sb.+adj. 用法 -ing形式作宾语 表示人或事物的 息使我们高兴。 avoid(v.) avoid sth.sb.避免某事/ 性质或所处的 避免；回避 避开某人 状态 搭配 avoid doing sth 避免做某事 ·活学活用 be avoided 1.My mother makes me (read)English 被避免；被回避 aloud every morning. You should avoid such mistakes. 2.-What makes him so (happily)? 你应当避免这样的错误。 -His wish to be an actor has come true. He avoided answering my questions. 考点5keep的用法 他避而不答我的问题。 In most cultures,it is important to smile and ●活学活用 keep the conversation light and humorous. 1.I always try to avoid (eat)junk food 在大多数文化中，微笑并使对话保持轻松幽默 to stay healthy 是重要的。(P14) 2.为了避免交通拥挤，他早早离开了家。 keep后常跟复合结构(keep+宾语+补语)，用作 He left home early 宾语补足语的有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、 An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，医生远离我。 31 鲁教版·英语（八年级下册） Lian Ce Kao *★Section B★* 答案：P4 I,根据句意及所给的首字母或汉语提示完成单词 party. 1.How much does your new bike c ? 2.We shouldn't always depend our 2.The bottle is e There's nothing in it. parents. 3.The box isn't heavy.It's I 3.Did you see the soccer game TV? 4.There are many (顾客)shopping in 4.In Western countries,it's impolite to ask the supermarket every day. people they are married. 5.This is a p. problem.I don't want to 5.You are supposed to shake hands when you make it public. meet someone the first time. 6.Let's move to another (话题)，Dan. V.根据汉语意思完成句子 7.I'm very glad to have a (机会)togo 1.我不知道怎样打破僵局。 abroad. I don't know how to 8.You can easily make up an excuse to (避免)going out with him. 2.闲聊是消磨时光的好方式。 9.The book is a good choice for (普遍 is a good way 的)readers. the time. 10.The novel tells a good story,but the 3.健康依靠的是营养丰富的食品、新鲜的空气 (对话)is poor. 和充足的睡眠。 Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 Health good food,fresh 1.In order to avoid make)mistakes, air and enough sleep. he is always very careful. 4.你最好给你儿子一些说话的机会，并倾听他 2.There is an introduce) about 要说什么。 Norway in this magazine. 3.This new dictionary is very (help)to You'd better give your son some say and listen to what he wants to me. 4.My father is a work).He works in say a factory. 5.听音乐可以使我放松。 5.Daming's father is a humor) to music can make me person.We all like him. 6.现在网上商业是一种重要的形式了。 6.I felt relax)doing Taichi in the Online is an important now. morning. 7.那段时间他吃睡都很好。 7.The noise kept him (wake). He ate a lot and slept during that 8.They got marry)last year. of time. 9.Don't always make your children 8.完成你每天的工作是这家公司的基本要求。 (stay)at home on weekends.They need to go Finishing your work is the out and play. this company Ⅲ.在空白处填入一个适当的单词 9.我知道他们已经结婚10年了。 1.I broke ice by telling a joke at the An honest man's word is as good as his bond.君子一言，驷马难追。 Lian Ce Kao Unit 2 V.课文大变脸 common topics.If there is something that you and 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 the other speaker have 5,that may also be a (不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 good topic to talk about.For example,if the bus Small talk is relaxed dialog.It can help is very crowded and there are no 6 to sit on, people pass the time 1. they meet you might talk about the reasons.People in an others.Empty silences often make us feel office might casually discuss the new paint or nervous,so this is a way of 2. (fill) furniture. those periods.In English,people often say it There are also 7 topics that shouldn't be “breaks the ice'”.You can make small talk when discussed.Personal 8 such as salaries(T waiting 3. line at an airport or bus is not done between people who do not know stop.People make small talk in almost every each other well.Commenting clothing or hair is country.What they say may be very different,but OK.However,you should never say 9 good the basic 4. rule)of small talk are or bad about a person's body. often the same.In most cultures,it is important Also,it is not safe to discuss religion( to smile and keep the conversation light and 教)or politics(政治).Lastly,it is 10 5. humor).Making other people smile clever to keep talking about a topic that the other can make them feel 6. relax).In person is not interested in. China,we can ask people if they are 7. B.personal marry).But we should avoid 8. 1.A.boring (ask) C.important D.safe the same question in Western countries.So we should usually discuss "safe"subjects like the 2.A.about B.on C.to D.for 3.A.leave B.meet weather.It is common in many cultures.People C.miss D.argue in England often talk about the weather,probably 4.A.all B.neither C.both D.either because it 9. change)so much 5.A.in style B.in common However,the most important thing is to give the C.in future D.in need other person 10. chance to speak and 6.A.room B.space C.people D.seats listen to what they have to say. 7.A.few B.little C.some D.any Ⅵ.完形填空(2025·淄博桓台县期中) 8.A.information B.behavior(行为) In most English-speaking countries,it is C.decision D.advantage(优点) common and necessary to make“small talk”in 9.A.something B.anything some situations. C.everything D.nothing There are some“1_”topics that people 10.A.just B.not C.surely D.always usually make small talk 2.The weather is Ⅶ.阅读还原(2025·济南历城区二模) probably the number one thing that people discuss 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能 if they do not know each other well.Sometimes 填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多 even friends and family members will do the same 余选项。 when they 3 or start a conversation. British people talk about the weather a lot- Sports news and amusement news are 4 even when they're not actually talking about the An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在于晨。 33 鲁教版·英语（八年级下册） Lian Ce Kao weather itself.When you meet someone in the You could tell the time by street,you don't need to say,"How are you?" looking at what kind of food is being served from You just say,“Lovely day,isn't it?”or street vendors.Rice porridge and baozi in the “Goodness,it's cold!”and straight away you morning,corns at lunch,egg pancakes at dinner, seem like a nice person.1. and meat,meat,meat,all hours of the day and My Chinese is OK-but only OK.I can night. order food and buy T-shirts,but what I really 5 So it shouldn't be too hard for want to do is have a chat(聊天)with Chinese anyone to get used to this kind of chat.The people in a friendly way.So I asked my Chinese question is what British people will think when teacher how to ask“How's the weather??”in someone has spent time in China,then goes home Chinese.I was surprised at his response."Only and can't stop discussing their eating habits.Too scientists and weather forecasters use the word many food discussions might make British weather'-it's very technical,"he said. listeners feel lost. In Britain,people like to really discuss the A.Food might reflect different times of day. weather.2. They know the difference B.That's because Britain's weather is always between“cloudy”and“overcast”;they want to changing. know whether it's“pouring'”,“drizzling”or just C.Their conversation often starts with "Have you “spitting”with rain. eaten?”instead.. However,in Chinese,weather is often just D.Such greetings can help make more friends. ‘good'or“not good'”.So how do Chinese people E.They like to use exact words to describe the make small talk?3. In Chinese,it is: weather. “Ni chi le ma?”If British people talk about the F.Food is common here as the weather in weather all the time,it is nothing compared with Britain. how much Chinese people talk about food 阅读素养提升 答案：P4 I.完形填空(2025·新疆中考改编) “Hello!”7 a gentlet(温和的)voice to him. Bill used to live in a big city.He was born But nodding was Bill's only reply.The next day there and made friends there.Life always seemed Bill got on and8 the driver said“Hello！" to be 1 for him. kindly to him.Bill still kept 9. Last year,Bill's family had to move to a On the fifth day,Bill answered with a shy small town.His life 2 all of a sudden.He "Hello!"to everybody.He felt he was 10 of felt lonely and 3. them.And he began to talk to them like old On Bill's 4 day to school in the town, friends.That moment,it seemed that the new the driver said a friendly“Hello！”to the lonely world opened 11 door to him. boy when he got on the bus.He just 5 with a As days went by,Bill got used to the 12 nod in silence because of shyness.While Bill was there.He made 13 friends in the town. looking for a 6,everyone on the bus said Everybody knew him as 14 as he knew them. As a man sows,so shall he reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。5.happened 6.visitor 7.to forget 8.surprised 9.spends 10.was welcomed Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了世界问候日及其在 不同文化背景下的问候习俗。 1.say 2.members 3.in 4.difference 5.better 6.But 7.usually 8.plans 9.a 10.boys 单元语法聚焦 I.1.did he 2.No;we can't 3.has;No 4.is there;No 5.won't they 6.will you 7.don't they/doesn't he/she Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文讲述了在英语国家闲谈和打招 呼的重要性及注意事项。 1.isn't 2.isn't 3.does 4.doesn't 5.were 6.isn't 7.can 8.they 9.is 10.shall Section B 考点11.takes2.spend3.cost 4.paid 5.takes;to read 考点2l.everyday/daily2.every day 3.It's necessary for us to learn everyday English every day. 考点31.relax/.relaxed2.relax3.relaxing 4.relaxes 考点41.read2.happy 考点51.keep;clean2.healthy3.discussing 考点61.eating2.to avoid the heavy traffic Section B I.1.cost 2.empty 3.light 4.customers 5.private 6.subject 7.chance 8.avoid 9.general 10.dialog II.1.making 2.introduction 3.helpful 4.worker 5.humorous 6.relaxed 7.awake 8.married 9.stay III.1.the 2.on 3.on 4.if 5.for IV.1.break the ice 2.Small talk;to kill 3.depends on 4.chances to 5.Listening;relax(ed)6.business;form 7.well;period 8.everyday;basic rule of 9.I know they have been married for 10 years. V.1.when 2.filling 3.in 4.rules 5.humorous 6.relaxed 7.married 8.asking 9.changes 10.a Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了英语国家中闲聊的 常见话题和禁忌话题。 1.D根据下文“it is not safe to discuss religion or politics'”可知，此处指“安全”的话题。 2.A根据“There are some.,topics that people usually make small talk..”可知，此处指谈论关 于某个话题的事情。 3.B根据“The weather is probably the number one thing that people discuss if they do not know each other well.Sometimes even friends and family members will do the same when they...or start a conversation.”可知，此处指当朋友和家人见面 或开始交谈时也会谈论天气。 4.C根据“Sports news and amusement news are.·.common topics.”可知，此处指体育新闻 和娱乐新闻这两者都是常见的话题。 5.B have..in common“与…有共同之处”。 6.D根据“if the bus is very crowded and there are no..to sit on”可知，此处指没有座位可坐。 7.C根据“There are also..topics that shouldn't be discussed.”可知，主句是肯定句，表示“还有 一些话题”。 8.A根据“Personal...such as salaries'”可知，工 资属于个人信息。 9.B根据“you should never say...·good or bad about a person's body'”可知，你永远不应该谈论 关于一个人身体好坏的事情，never是带有否定 意义的词，所以空处应用anything。 l0.B根据“itis..clever to keep talking about a topic that the other person is not interested in" 知，不停地谈论别人不感兴趣的话题是不明 智的。 Ⅶ，【语篇解读】本文主要围绕中英日常闲聊话题差 异展开。 1-5 DBCAF 阅读素养提升 I.【语篇解读】本文讲述了Bl从大城市搬到小镇 后，从孤独到逐渐融入新环境的故事。 1.B根据上文“He was born there and made friends there.”可知，Bil在大城市有朋友，生活 应是快乐的。 2.A根据“move to a small town”和“all of a sudden'”可知，搬家后Bill的生活突然改变。 3.B根据“He felt lonely”可知，搬家后Bill感到 孤单且难过。 4.C通读第三段内容可知，这是Bill到小镇学 校的第一天。 5.C根据上文“the driver said a friendly ‘Hello！'to the lonely boy”和空后“with a nod in silence”可知，Bill用点头回应问候。 6.C根据公共汽车场景可知，此处指Bl在找 座位。 7.A固定搭配in a voice表示“用某种声音”。 8.B根据下文“Bill still kept”可知，Bil上公交 车后，司机重复了昨天的问候。 9.A根据上文“nodding was Bill's only reply”可 知，他持续沉默。 l0.C根据下文“began to talk to them like old friends”可知，Bill融入了集体，觉得自己是他 们中的一员。 11.A句意：新世界似乎向他打开了它的门。指