Unit 1 Teenagers today.Starting out & Understanding ideas知识清单 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 1《Starting out & Understanding ideas》的核心内容。从10个核心单词的词性、用法、辨析及相关词形入手，搭配例句强化理解，进而讲解7个核心短语的含义、用法及同义表达，最后深入分析6个核心句型的语法结构与长难句成分，形成从基础词汇到综合句型的学习支架。 知识链路按“单词—短语—句型”逻辑递进，通过对比辨析（如lady/woman/girl，surprising/surprised）和构词法（如gentleman、viewer）培养思维品质，结合生活实例与语法分析提升语言能力，助力学生构建系统知识框架，掌握科学学习方法。

Unit 1 Teenagers today.《Starting out & Understanding ideas》知识清单 Part1核心单词讲解 1 lady /'leɪdi/ n. 女士，女子 lady 作可数名词，意为“女士，女子，夫人”，复数形式为ladies。 常见用法：(1)ladies and gentlemen 女士们，先生们 (2)young lady 年轻女士；小姐 (3)ladies' room 女厕所；女洗手间 辨析：lady, woman 与girl lady  礼貌称呼，侧重“礼仪感”，适用于所有成年女性，正式/ 日常均可。 woman  侧重“成年女性”的生理身份，中性表达，无明显礼貌或正式感。 girl  指“女孩；少女”(未成年或年轻女性)，不可用于称呼成年女性。 例： Excuse me, young lady, can you tell me the way?打扰一下，小姐，你能给我指个路吗？ Excuse me, could you tell me where the ladies' room is in this shopping mall?打扰一下，你能告诉我这家商场的女卫生间在哪里吗？ A woman in a blue coat is buying vegetables at the market. 一位穿蓝外套的女士正在市场买蔬菜。 2 gentleman /'dʒentlmən/ n. 先生 gentleman 作可数名词，意为“先生”，由“gentle(adj. 温和的)+ man(n. 男人；人类)”构成，和lady 相对应，复数是gentlemen。类似的单词还有： (1)policeman(男警察)→ policemen (2)policewoman(女警察)→ policewomen (3)businessman(商人)→ businessmen (4)fisherman(渔民)→ fishermen 例：He is quite a little gentleman, isn't he?他真是个小绅士，不是吗？ Ladies and gentlemen, please listen to me carefully.女士们，先生们，请仔细听我讲。 Some policemen are talking about something in the room. 一些警察正在房间里谈论什么。 Two fishermen are fishing at sea. 两个渔民正在海上钓鱼。 3 teenager /'tiːneɪdʒə/ n. 青少年 teenager 作可数名词，意为“青少年”。常见搭配： (1)young teenager 十几岁的少年 (2)as a t eenager 作为一名青少年 相关词形：(1)teenage adj. 青少年的；十几岁的(较常用、规范，用来修饰名词) (2)teen n. 十几岁；青少年 adj. 青少年的(作形容词时较口语化，通常和years 搭配)in one's teens 在某人十几岁时 例：Young teenagers need more guidance from parents and teachers.年纪较小的青少年需要父母和老师更多的指导。 Pressure from exams is a common problem for teenagers. 考试压力是青少年的一个常见问题。 As a teenager, we should learn to take responsibility for our own actions. 作为一名青少年，我们应该学会为自己的行为负责。 We visited a teen center last weekend.上周末我们参观了一个青少年活动中心。 Teen years are an important time for personal growth.青少年时期是个人成长的重要阶段。 Many famous writers began writing stories in their teens. 很多著名作家在十几岁时就开始写故事了。 4 unless /ʌn'les/ conj. 除非…… unless 作连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if... not”。主从句时态遵循“主将从现” “主情从现”“主祈从现”原则。 当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语含be 动词时，unless 引导的条件状语从句可省略主语和be 动词。 例：You will fail the exam unless you study hard from now on. 除非你从现在开始努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。 We should take umbrellas unless it is sunny tomorrow.除非明天晴天，否则我们应该带伞。 Unless you help me, I can't move the box. = If you don't help me, I can't move the box.如果你不帮我，我就搬不动这个箱子。 5 perform /pə'fɔːm/ v. 表演，演出 perform 的一词多义：(1)v. 表演；演出 (2)vt. 做；执行 (3)vi. 工作；运转；表现 常见用法：(1)perform a play/song/dance 表演戏剧/ 歌曲/ 舞蹈 (2) perform well/badly/excellently in... 在……中表现好/差/ 出色 (3)perform a t ask 执行任务 (4)perform an experiment 做实验 (5)perform one's duty 履行职责 相关词形：(1)performer n. 表演者 (2)performance n. 表演；表现；执行 例： She will perform a piano piece at the party.她将在派对上表演一首钢琴曲。 We performed an experiment to test the theory in science class. 我们在科学课上做了一个实验来验证这个理论。 He performed well in the English exam last week.他上周英语考试表现很好。 6 surprising /sə'praɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊奇的，使人吃惊的 surprising adj. 令人惊奇的，使人吃惊的。 surprise(1)v. (使)吃惊；(使)诧异。常见用法：surprise sb with sth 用某物给某人惊喜 (2)n. 惊奇，诧异；使人吃惊的事。常见用法：to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是……；in surprise 惊讶地；give sb a surprise 给某人一个惊喜 辨析：surprising 与surprised surprising 令人惊讶/ 惊奇/ 惊喜的(修饰事物、事件或情况，强调“事物本身让人意外”) It's surprising that... 令人惊讶的是…… surprised 感到惊讶的(修饰人，强调“人自身的感受”) (1)be surprised to do 惊讶地做 (2)be surprised + that 从句 对某事感到惊讶 (3)be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶 例：It isn't surprising that some students have a study tour during the holiday. 一些学生在假期有一次研学旅行并不奇怪。 We were surprised at his arrival. 我们对他的到来感到惊讶。 I was surprised that these houses stayed up for such a long time. 让我惊讶的是，这些房子能挺这么长时间。 To her surprise, she found the book very interesting.令她惊讶的是，她发现这本书很有趣。 He decided to make dinner by himself to surprise his family. 他决定自己做晚饭给家人一个惊喜。 7 abroad /ə'brɔːd/ adv. 在国外；到国外 abroad adv. 在国外；到国外。常见用法： (1) go abroad to study 出国留学 (2) travel/live/be abroad 出国旅游/ 在国外居住/ 在国外 (3)at home and abroad 在国内外 例：My cousin will go abroad to study in Australia next month.我表哥下个月要去澳大利亚留学。 My uncle has lived abroad in Canada for five years.我叔叔在加拿大生活了五年。 We plan to travel abroad during the summer holiday.我们计划暑假出国旅游。 8 creativity /kriːeɪ'tɪvəti/ n. 独创性，创造性，创造力 creativity n. 独创性，创造性，创造力，通常用作不可数名词。be full of creativity 充满创造力 相关词形：(1)create v. 创造；开创。create sth for sb 为某人创造某物 (2) creative adj. 有创造力的。a creative mind 有创意的头脑 (3)creator n. 创作者；创造者 例：The boy is full of creativity. You never know what he is thinking. 这个男孩很有创造力。你永远不知道他在想什么。 We should create a better future for the children.我们应当为孩子们创造一个更好的未来。 She has a very creative mind. 她有非常有创意的头脑。 We learned that the creator of the light bulb was Thomas Edison. 我们了解到灯泡的发明者是托马斯·爱迪生。 9 volunteer /vɒlən'tɪə/ n. 志愿者 volunteer 的一词多义： (1) 作可数名词，“志愿者”。volunteer team/group/work志愿者团队/ 小组/ 工作 (2) 作动词，“自愿做；主动提供”。volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事；volunteer sth 主动提供某物 相关词形：voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的 例：A high school volunteer helped kids read in the library.一名高中生志愿者在图书馆帮孩子读书。 Many volunteers joined in the activity to pick up litter.很多志愿者加入了捡垃圾活动。 She likes to volunteer at the animal shelter on Sundays.她喜欢周日在动物收容所做志愿工作。 10 group /ɡruːp/ n. 组，群；团体 group 作可数名词，意为“组，群；团体”，常见用法： (1)in groups 分组 (2)a group of 一群；一组 group 还可作动词，意为“分组；归类；聚集”，常见用法：group... into... 把…… 分成…… 例：We usually study in groups to share ideas.我们通常分组学习，交流想法。 A group of children are playing football on the playground. 一群孩子正在操场上踢足球。 The teacher grouped the students into five groups.老师把学生分成了五个小组。 Part2 核心短语讲解 1 at the forefront of 处于……的最前沿 at the forefront of 意为“处于……的最前沿”，常与be、work、stand 等动词连用。 类似结构的短语还有：at the heart of 处于……的核心； at the centre of 在……的中央；at the top of 在……的顶端； at the bottom of 在……的底部。 例：Our school is at the forefront of educational technology, using tablets in many classes. 我们学校处于教育技术的最前沿，很多课堂都在使用平板电脑。 This team of engineers works at the forefront of new energy development. 这支工程师团队走在新能源开发的最前沿。 The idea of “helping each other” is at the heart of our class culture.“互助”理念是我们班级文化的核心。 2 bring back 带回；使想起 bring back意为“带回；使想起”，是“动副结构”，若宾语为人称代词，则需置于back 之前。 意为“使想起”时，同义表达有：remind sb of sth；make sb think of sth 例：This handmade cake brings back memories of my grandma. 这个手工蛋糕让我想起了我对奶奶的回忆。 My dad promised to bring a model plane back for me from his business trip. 我爸爸答应出差回来给我带一个飞机模型。 Your smile reminds me of my little sister—she has the same bright eyes. 你的笑容让我想起我妹妹，她也有这样明亮的眼睛。 3 on the edge of one’s seat 极为激动 on the edge of one's seat 表示“极为激动”，类似的短语还有：hold one's breath（屏住呼吸）；have one's heart in one's mouth（心提到了嗓子眼）等。 例：My sister was on the edge of her seat waiting for the results of the singing competition.我妹妹紧张得坐立不安，等待歌唱比赛的结果。 Everyone held their breath when the teacher was announcing the winner of the English speech. 老师宣布英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，所有人都屏住了呼吸。 4 come to life 变得生动；活过来 例：If I move my fingers, it will come to life! 5 be born into 出生于……（家庭） 例：I was born into a family of Minnan puppet performers. 6 be glued to 全神贯注于 例：Their eyes were glued to the puppets. 7 draw attention 吸引注意力 例：Since then, my puppet shows have drawn more attention both from home and abroad. Part3 核心句型讲解 1 When I was little, I loved the amazing stories they told with their hands. (1)when引导时间状语从句 (2)they told with their hands省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词stories。 2 To my surprise, the post was flooded with comments expressing warm feelings. 长难句分析：To my surprise 是介词短语作状语；was flooded 为被动语态；expressing warm feelings 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰comments。flood... with 是固定搭配，意为“充满；大量涌入”。 3 A truth hit me—it was my duty to keep the art alive because puppetry was in my blood. 长难句分析：A truth hit me 为主谓宾结构；it was... alive 解释说明truth，其中it 是形式主语， was 是系动词，my duty 作表语，to keep the art alive 是真正的主语；because... in my blood 是原因状语从句。it is one’s duty to do sth 做某事是某人的责任；in one’s blood 与生俱来；深入骨髓 4 The positive reply from the young viewers gave me more courage. viewer 由“view（v. 观看；看待） + -er（名词后缀，表做某事的人）”构成， 作可数名词，表示“观看者”。 5 With more and more people joining in, I believe the special magic of this traditional art will last forever! 长难句分析：这是一个复合句。With... joining in 是“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构，在句中作伴随 状语。主句主语和谓语为I believe，the special magic... last forever 是宾语从句，作believe 的宾语。the special magic... art 是从句的主语（of this traditional art 是介词短语作定语，修饰magic），will last 是谓语，forever 是副词作状语。 6 But we need to know the arts well. Or it’s difficult to see how to help. it is +n. /adj. + for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是…… 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $