第5卷 冠词 (1)-2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦冠词考点，通过单选、补全对话及短文填空多题型训练，系统覆盖a/an辨析、特指泛指及固定搭配等核心考法，强化语境中语法应用的语言能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |英语知识单选|20题（含a/an辨析、零冠词等）|基础语法辨析|从基础概念（a/an用法）到特指泛指，再到固定搭配（如三餐、乐器）| |补全对话|5题（语境中冠词选择）|情景交际应用|从单句填空到情景对话，考查冠词在交际语境中的实际应用| |短文填空|10题（语篇中冠词运用）|语篇综合填空|结合语篇故事，考查冠词在连贯文本中的语法一致性|

编写说明：【2027版】山东省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《山东省春季高考英语考试标准（对比版）》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是64份考点训练卷，第二部分是情景交际、阅读理解、补充对话、短文填空、写作21份专题训练卷，第三部分是不同难度等级的15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】山东省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》的第5卷，是冠词（1）考点训练卷。 【2027版】山东省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》 第5卷 考点训练卷·冠词（1） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：70分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、英语知识单选（共20小题，每题2分，共40分） 1．________ honest man is welcomed by others because people tend to trust ________ person who acts honestly. A．A; a B．A; the C．An; the D．An; a 2．—Do you know ________ woman sitting there? —I only know she’s from ________ European country. A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a D．a; the 3．It was _________ fine weather that we went out for a walk. A．so B．such C．so a D．such a 4．Cindy is ________ girl and she wants to be a singer. A．a 18-year-old B．a 18-years-old C．an 18-year-old D．an 18-years-old 5．I spent ________ hour reading ________ useful book that helped me solve the problem. A．an; an B．an; a C．a; an D．a; a 6．Taking the train is ________ good way to see the world. A．a B．an C．the D．this 7．There is ________ useful saying, “The early bird catches the worms (虫子).” A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．—My son seldom has ________ breakfast. —It is _______ unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it. A．/; a B．the; an C．/; an D．the; a 9．As we know, England is ________ European country and Singapore is ________ Asian country. A．an; an B．a; a C．an; a D．a; an 10．She is playing ________ piano and he is playing ________ chess. A．a; the B．/; the C．the; / D．a; a 11．The young manager dealt with his business problems in _________ unusual way. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 12．My brother is ________ student, and my sister is ________ engineer. A．an; an B．a; an C．an; a D．a; a 13．— Do you know ________ teacher in red over there? — Yes, she is Miss Yang. She plays ________ chess very well. A．a; the B．the; the C．the; / D．the; a 14．— Can you play ______ guitar? —Sure. It’s a piece of cake for me. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 15．Mr. Smith often takes ________ subway to work, but today he goes there by ________ bus. A．the; a B．a; the C．the; / D．/; / 16．The most important traditional festival for the Chinese is ________ Spring Festival. A．a B．an C．X D．the 17．People, especially the teens, think it ________ great fun to surf on ________ Internet. A．a; the B．a; / C．/; the D．the; the 18．—Where are ________ Browns from? —They are from ________ USA． A．the; a B．a; the C．the; the D．a; a 19．— Have you ever seen ________ film Tangtan 4? — Yes. I will have ________ sense of humor and responsibility once someone mentions it. A．a;a B．a;/ C．the;/ D．the; a 20．I often play _________ basketball on weekends, and Li Mei often plays _________ piano. A．The; the B．\; the C．the;\ D．\;\ 二、补全对话(共5小题，每题2分，共10分) A: ___21___ me, what can I do for you? B: I’m looking for___22___ dress. A: We have two new styles. I think they must be suitable for you. B: Can I ___23___ them on one by one? A: Of course. (ten minutes later…) A: These two styles are very fashionable, which one do you like ___24___? B: One is elegant, the ___25___ is cute. I don’t know how to choose. A: As an office lady, I recommend you the elegant one. B: Yes, considering this point, I think you are right. A: OK. I will pack it for you. B: Thank you. 3． 补全对话(共10小题，每题2分，共20分) During the Warring States Period, there was ____26____ man called Ban from the State of Lu. People usually called him Lu Ban. He was ____27____ (know) as the most excellent carpenter (木匠) then. It is said that he once made a bird of wood. It was ____28____ lifelike that it flew in the sky for three days. One day, a young carpenter came to a house which had a big red door. He ____29____ (hold) up his ax and said, “I am a great carpenter. No matter what kind of wood it is, I can make it into anything. ” Hearing this, people around him all laughed. “This young carpenter is ____30____ (talk) big now. ” they thought. One of them pointed to the big red door behind him and said, “Young man, can you make a ____31____ (good) door than this one? ” The young carpenter raised his head high to ____32____ (show) his confidence. Then he said, “No problem! I used to be a student of Lu Ban. ” The crowd laughed again. Someone said, “This is Lu Ban’s home. He made this door ____33____ (he). ” The young carpenter’s face turned red and he ran away ____34____ (quick). Thus comes the proverb “Ban Men Nong Fu”. It means showing off slight  (微不足道的) ____35____ (skill) in front of an expert. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】山东省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《山东省春季高考英语考试标准（对比版）》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是64份考点训练卷，第二部分是情景交际、阅读理解、补充对话、短文填空、写作21份专题训练卷，第三部分是不同难度等级的15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】山东省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》的第5卷，是冠词考点训练卷。 【2027版】山东省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》 第5卷 考点训练卷·冠词（1) 考试时间：45分钟 满分：70分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、英语知识单选（共20小题，每题2分，共40分） 1．________ honest man is welcomed by others because people tend to trust ________ person who acts honestly. A．A; a B．A; the C．An; the D．An; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一个诚实的人受到别人的欢迎，因为人们倾向于信任行为诚实的人。 第一空，表示泛指“一个诚实的人”，应用不定冠词，且honest是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an；第二空，此处特指“行为诚实的人”，应用定冠词the。 2．—Do you know ________ woman sitting there? —I only know she’s from ________ European country. A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a D．a; the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：——你认识坐在那里的那位女士吗？——我只知道她来自一个欧洲国家。第一空woman后有sitting there修饰，是特指“坐在那里的那位女士”，因此要用定冠词the。 第二空“European country”是泛指“一个欧洲国家”，且European的发音以辅音音素开头，因此要用不定冠词a。故选C。 3．It was _________ fine weather that we went out for a walk. A．so B．such C．so a D．such a 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词副词辨析。句意：天气如此好，以至于我们出去散步了。so如此，修饰形容词或副词（常用于“so + 形容词 + a/an + 名词+that”）；such如此的，修饰名词（用于“such + (a/an) +形容词 + 名词 + that...”）。本句“weather”是不可数名词，不加不定冠词，所以用such修饰。 故选B。 4．Cindy is ________ girl and she wants to be a singer. A．a 18-year-old B．a 18-years-old C．an 18-year-old D．an 18-years-old 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词和形容词短语。句意：辛迪是一位 18 岁的女孩，她想成为一名歌手。a泛指一个，用在以辅音音素开头的词汇前；an泛指一个，用在以元音音素开头的词汇前。“十八岁”的正确表达是“18-year-old”，泛指“一个18 岁的女孩”，且18是以元音音素开头的词，用不定冠词an。故选C。 5．I spent ________ hour reading ________ useful book that helped me solve the problem. A．an; an B．an; a C．a; an D．a; a 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我花了一个小时阅读了一本有用的书，这本书帮助我解决了问题。分析句子可知，两空均表泛指“一个”，其前都要加不定冠词，第一空后“hour”是元音音素开头，所以使用冠词an；第二空后“useful”是辅音音素开头，所以应使用冠词a。故选B。 6．Taking the train is ________ good way to see the world. A．a B．an C．the D．this 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：乘火车是游览世界的一个好方式。A. a一个（用于以辅音音素开头的单词）；B. an一个（用于以元音音素开头的单词前）；C. the表示特指；D. this这个。根据句意可知，空处表示“一个好方式”，应用不定冠词，且good是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故选A。 7．There is ________ useful saying, “The early bird catches the worms (虫子).” A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：俗话说：“早起的鸟儿有虫吃。”there be句型表示泛指某地有某物，因此其后名词要用不定冠词修饰，形容词“useful”的发音中首个音素是辅音音素，所以用不定冠词a。故选A。 8．—My son seldom has ________ breakfast. —It is _______ unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it. A．/; a B．the; an C．/; an D．the; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我儿子很少吃早餐。——这是一种不健康的习惯。你必须让他改一下。 考查冠词。a一个，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the表示特指；/零冠词。第一个空根据“have breakfast”可知，“吃早餐”为固定短语，不需加任何冠词；第二个空为泛指，表示一种不健康的习惯，unhealthy是以元音音素/ʌ/开头，用an修饰。故选C。 9．As we know, England is ________ European country and Singapore is ________ Asian country. A．an; an B．a; a C．an; a D．a; an 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：众所周知，英国是欧洲国家，新加坡是亚洲国家。分析句子可知，两空均表示泛指，指一个国家，故用不定冠词，“European”是以辅音音素开头的，所以前面要用“a”，“Asian”是以元音音素开头的，所以前面要用“an”。故选D。 10．She is playing ________ piano and he is playing ________ chess. A．a; the B．/; the C．the; / D．a; a 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：她在弹钢琴，他在下棋。play+the+西洋乐器，定冠词the不能省略；play+球类/棋类，中间不用冠词。故选C。 11．The young manager dealt with his business problems in _________ unusual way. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：这位年轻的经理以一种不同寻常的方式处理他的业务问题。句子中的“way”是可数名词单数，且此处表示“用一种不寻常的方式”，泛指，需用不定冠词a或an。“unusual”是元音音素为开头，要用an。故选B。 12．My brother is ________ student, and my sister is ________ engineer. A．an; an B．a; an C．an; a D．a; a 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：我的哥哥是一名学生，我的姐姐是一名工程师。根据student是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面用a；engineer是以元音音素开头的单词，前面用an。故选B。 13．— Do you know ________ teacher in red over there? — Yes, she is Miss Yang. She plays ________ chess very well. A．a; the B．the; the C．the; / D．the; a 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：— 你认识那边那位穿红色衣服的老师吗？— 认识，她是杨老师。她国际象棋下得非常好。第一空，根据“teacher in red over there”可知，这里“in red over there”是后置定语，用来限定“teacher”，表示特指“那边穿红色衣服的那个老师”，所以要用定冠词“the” ；第二空，“play chess”是固定短语，意为“下国际象棋”，在表示“玩球类、棋类运动”时，名词前通常不加冠词，所以“chess”前不用冠词。故选C。 14．— Can you play ______ guitar? —Sure. It’s a piece of cake for me. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：—你会弹吉他吗？—当然。这对我来说是小菜一碟。A. a一个，用在以辅音音素开头的词汇前；B. an一个，用在以元音音素开头的词汇前；C. the这个，特指；D. /不填。“西洋乐器”前，用定冠词the。故选C。 15．Mr. Smith often takes ________ subway to work, but today he goes there by ________ bus. A．the; a B．a; the C．the; / D．/; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：史密斯先生经常乘地铁去上班，但今天他乘公共汽车去。 考查冠词。第一空是固定搭配take the subway“乘地铁”；第二空是固定搭配by bus“乘公共汽车”。故选C。 16．The most important traditional festival for the Chinese is ________ Spring Festival. A．a B．an C．X D．the 【答案】D 【详解】考查定冠词。句意：中国人最重要的传统节日是春节。Spring Festival“春节”是专有名词，前要加定冠词。故选D。 17．People, especially the teens, think it ________ great fun to surf on ________ Internet. A．a; the B．a; / C．/; the D．the; the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：人们，尤其是青少年，认为上网很有趣。fun是不可数名词，前面不用冠词；on the Internet在网上，这是一个固定短语。故选C。 18．—Where are ________ Browns from? —They are from ________ USA． A．the; a B．a; the C．the; the D．a; a 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：——布朗一家是从哪里来的？——他们来自美国。第一空处，根据Browns可知，“Browns”是姓氏的复数形式，表示“布朗一家”，姓氏的复数形式前必须用定冠词“the”，表示一个家庭或一家人。第二空处，“USA”是“United States of America”的缩写，属于由普通名词组成的专有名词，此类缩写形式的国家名称前必须用定冠词“the”。故选C。 19．— Have you ever seen ________ film Tangtan 4? — Yes. I will have ________ sense of humor and responsibility once someone mentions it. A．a;a B．a;/ C．the;/ D．the; a 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词。句意：——你看过《唐探4》这部电影吗？——是的，只要有人提到它，我就会有一种幽默感和责任感。a表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the 表示特指。第一空特指电影《唐探4》，需用定冠词“the”；第二空表示泛指一种，sense是辅音音素开头的单词，且“have a sense of humor”是固定搭配，表示“一种幽默感”。故选D项。 20．I often play _________ basketball on weekends, and Li Mei often plays _________ piano. A．The; the B．\; the C．the;\ D．\;\ 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：我通常在周末打篮球，李梅通常弹钢琴。在英语中，“play+球类运动”时，球类运动前面不加冠词，所以“play basketball”表示“打篮球”，中间不用填冠词；而“play+the+乐器”，乐器前面要加定冠词“the”，所以“play the piano”表示“弹钢琴”。故选B。 2、 补全对话(共5小题，每题2分，共10分) A: ___21___ me, what can I do for you? B: I’m looking for___22___ dress. A: We have two new styles. I think they must be suitable for you. B: Can I ___23___ them on one by one? A: Of course. (ten minutes later…) A: These two styles are very fashionable, which one do you like ___24___? B: One is elegant, the ___25___ is cute. I don’t know how to choose. A: As an office lady, I recommend you the elegant one. B: Yes, considering this point, I think you are right. A: OK. I will pack it for you. B: Thank you. 【答案】21．Excuse 22．a 23．try 24．better 25．other 【导语】文章主要讲述了顾客B在商店向店员A询问并挑选连衣裙，最后在店员建议下做出选择的对话。 21．考查情景交际。句意：打扰一下，我能为你做些什么？根据下文“what can I do for you? (我能为你做些什么？)”可知，此处应是礼貌引起对方注意。“Excuse me”意为“打扰一下”符合语境。故填Excuse。 22．考查冠词。句意：我在找一条连衣裙。根据dress为可数名词且用单数可知，此处填a。 23．考查动词短语。句意：我能一件一件试穿它们吗？根据下文店员回答“Of course. (当然可以。)”，结合“…them on”可知，此处询问能否试穿，“try on”意为“试穿”，符合语境，情态动词Can后用动词原形。故填try。 24．考查副词比较级。句意：这两种款式都很时尚，你更喜欢哪一种？根据上文“These two styles (这两种款式)”可知，此处是询问对两者的喜好程度，用比较级，“like better”意为“更喜欢”，符合语境。故填better。 25．考查不定代词。句意：一件很优雅，另一件很可爱。根据上文“These two styles (这两种款式)”可知，此处是指两者中的另一件，the other意为“（两者中的）另一个”，符合语境。故填other。 三、短文填空(共10小题，每题2分，共20分) During the Warring States Period, there was ____26____ man called Ban from the State of Lu. People usually called him Lu Ban. He was ____27____ (know) as the most excellent carpenter (木匠) then. It is said that he once made a bird of wood. It was ____28____ lifelike that it flew in the sky for three days. One day, a young carpenter came to a house which had a big red door. He ____29____ (hold) up his ax and said, “I am a great carpenter. No matter what kind of wood it is, I can make it into anything. ” Hearing this, people around him all laughed. “This young carpenter is ____30____ (talk) big now. ” they thought. One of them pointed to the big red door behind him and said, “Young man, can you make a ____31____ (good) door than this one? ” The young carpenter raised his head high to ____32____ (show) his confidence. Then he said, “No problem! I used to be a student of Lu Ban. ” The crowd laughed again. Someone said, “This is Lu Ban’s home. He made this door ____33____ (he). ” The young carpenter’s face turned red and he ran away ____34____ (quick). Thus comes the proverb “Ban Men Nong Fu”. It means showing off slight  (微不足道的) ____35____ (skill) in front of an expert. 【答案】 26．a 27．known 28．so 29．held 30．talking 31．better 32．show 33．himself 34．quickly 35．skills 【导语】文章讲了一则历史故事。战国时期鲁国人鲁班技艺高超，一木匠在其家门前夸口，得知是鲁班住所后羞愧逃走，由此引出了“班门弄斧”的典故。 26．考查冠词。句意：战国时期，鲁国有一个叫班的人。此处是泛指“一个叫班的人”，根据空后“man”是单数可数名词，且以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示“一个”。故填a。 27．考查固定短语。句意：他被称为当时最优秀的木匠。固定短语“be known as”意为“作为……而出名”。故填known。 28．考查副词和固定结构。句意：它栩栩如生，在天空中飞行了三天。根据空后“lifelike”是形容词，需用副词so修饰，构成固定结构“so + 形容词 + that ...”，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 29．考查一般过去时。句意：他举起斧头说。根据“a young carpenter came to a house ... (一位年轻的木匠来到一所房子前……)”可知，文章用的是一般过去时，故此处用hold的过去式held。故填held。 30．考查现在进行时。句意：这位年轻的木匠现在大谈特谈。根据空后“now”可知，此处应用现在进行时be doing，talk的现在分词是talking。故填talking。 31．考查形容词比较级。句意：年轻人，你能做一扇比这扇更好的门吗？根据空后“than this one (比这一个)”可知，此处应填比较级形式， good比较级是better。故填better。 32．考查动词。句意：年轻的木匠抬起头来表示他的信心。根据空前“to”可知，不定式后需用动词原形。故填show。 33．考查反身代词。句意：这扇门是他自己做的。根据“He made this door (他做了这扇门)”可知，他自己做了这扇门，此处应用he的反身代词himself。故填himself。 34．考查副词。句意：年轻的木匠脸红了，赶紧跑开了。分析可知，此处修饰动词“ran (跑)”需用副词形式，quick的副词是quickly。故填quickly。 35．考查名词复数。句意：这意味着在专家面前炫耀一些小技能。“skill”是可数名词，“slight skills”表示“微不足道的技能”，此处应用复数形式skills泛指多种技能。故填skills。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $