期末复习精讲精炼Unit 1 People around us 讲义2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级下册

七年级英语（沪教版）下册·期末复习精讲精炼 Unit 1 People around us 单元重难点速览表 类别 内容 核心话题 介绍身边的人、描写人物特征 重点词汇 cheerful, hard-working, patient, smart, forget, smell, care, probably, support, encourage 重点短语 tell jokes, take care of, be patient with, give up, be strict with, as well as 核心语法 关系代词 who 引导的定语从句；形容词描述人物 写作任务 介绍一位你身边的人（家人、老师、朋友等） 一、核心词汇精讲 1. 重点单词 单词 词性 音标 释义 cheerful adj. /ˈtʃɪəfl/ 快乐的，高兴的 hard-working adj. /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ 勤奋的，工作努力的 patient adj. /ˈpeɪʃnt/ 耐心的 smart adj. /smɑːt/ 聪明的；时髦的 forget v. /fəˈɡet/ 忘记 smell v./n. /smel/ 闻到；气味 care v./n. /keə(r)/ 关心；照顾 probably adv. /ˈprɒbəbli/ 很可能，大概 support v./n. /səˈpɔːt/ 支持 encourage v. /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 鼓励 2. 词义深度辨析 【cheerful vs. happy】 词 核心含义 侧重点 例句 cheerful 乐观开朗的 性格特质，让人感到愉悦 She is a cheerful person. happy 高兴的 暂时的情绪状态 I feel happy today. 【patient vs. strict】 词 含义 搭配 例句 patient 耐心的 be patient with sb A good teacher is patient with students. strict 严格的 be strictwith sb My parents are strict with me. 【forget vs. leave】 词 含义 用法 例句 forget 忘记（事情） forget + 事情 Don't forget to close the door. leave 遗留（物品） leave + 物品 + 地点 He left his phone on the bus. 二、重点短语归纳 短语 释义 例句 考点 tell jokes 讲笑话 He likes to tell jokes. tell + jokes/stories take care of 照顾 She takes care of her grandma. = look after be patient with 对……有耐心 Be patient with children. with + 人 give up 放弃 Never give up your dream. give up doing sth be strict with 对……严格 My teacher isstrict with us. with + 人 as well as 也；和 He is kind as well as brave. 连接并列成分 worry about 担心 Don’t worry about me. = be worried about encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做某事 She encouraged me to try. encourage + sb + to do 三、经典句型突破 句型 1：用 who 描述人物（定语从句） 结构：主语 + be + a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + who + 从句 My mother is a kind person who always helps others.我的母亲是一个总是帮助别人的善良的人。 Mr Li is a teacher who is patient with students.李先生是一位对学生有耐心的老师。 注意：who 指代人，在从句中作主语，不能省略 句型 2：描述人物特征 结构：主语 + be + 形容词 / have/has + 名词 She is cheerful and hard-working.她开朗又勤奋。 He has a great sense of humour.他很有幽默感。 句型 3：表达 “帮助和支持” My parents support me in everything I do.我的父母在我做的每件事上都支持我。 She always encourages me to try new things.她总是鼓励我去尝试新事物。 四、语法深度解析 关系代词 who 引导的定语从句 1. 定义： 用来修饰人，在从句中作主语。 2. 结构： 先行词（人）+ who + 谓语 + 其他 3. 例句对比： 简单句（两个分句） 定语从句（合并后） This is my grandmother. She tells me stories. This is my grandmother who tells me stories. He is a teacher. He is strict with students. He is a teacher who is strict with students. 4. 小试牛刀（合并句子）： I have a friend. She is always cheerful.→ I have a friend who is always cheerful. Do you know the man? He is talking to our teacher.→ Do you know the man who is talking to our teacher? 易错点：who 后的动词要与先行词保持一致（单复数）。 五、易错点辨析 易错点 错误示例 正确用法 解析 who 的用法 He is the man who I met him. He is the man who I met. who 已代替宾语，不再用 him be patient with tobe patient sb be patient with sb 固定搭配 with give up to dogive up give up doing give up + doing as well as areHe as well as his friends here. He as well as his friends is here. 谓语与主语一致 forget/leave forgotI my phone at home. I left my phone at home. 遗留物品用 leave 六、分层精准训练 题型一：选择（语法与词汇） 1. Miss Wang is a teacher ______ is patient with her students. A. which  B. who  C. what  D. whose 2. My grandma is a ______ person. She always looks happy. A. cheerful  B. sad  C. strict  D. boring 3. Don't forget ______ the door when you leave. A. close  B. closing  C. closed  D. to close 4. My mother is patient ______ me. She never gets angry. A. to  B. for  C. with  D. of 5. He never ______ up when he faces difficulties. A. give  B. gives  C. gave  D. giving 6. Please ______ care of my cat when I am away. A. taking  B. takes  C. took  D. take 7. My teacher always encourages us ______ questions in class. A. ask  B. to ask  C. asking  D. asked 8. His grandmother is a ______ woman. She is over 80, but still full of energy. A. cheerful  B. forgetful  C. lazy  D. strict 9. Tom is a hard-working student. His brother is hard-working ______. A. also  B. either  C. as well  D. neither 10. The man ______ is talking to our teacher is my father. A. which  B. whose  C. whom  D. who 题型一 答案及详解 1. 答案：B 详解： 先行词是 a teacher（人），在从句中作主语，用关系代词 who。 2. 答案：A 详解： 后文提到开心，对应 cheerful（快乐的）。 3. 答案：D 详解：forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（未做）。 4. 答案：C 详解：be patient with sb 对某人有耐心。 5. 答案：B 详解： 主语 He 是三单，give 用三单形式 gives。 6. 答案：D 详解： Please 后接动词原形，take care of 照顾。 7. 答案：B 详解：encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事。 8. 答案：A 详解： 精力充沛对应 cheerful（开朗乐观的）。 9. 答案：C 详解：as well 用于肯定句句尾表 “也”。 10. 答案：D 详解： 先行词 the man 是人，在从句作主语，用who。 题型二：词性转换 1. My English teacher is very ______ (cheer) and kind. 2. He is a ______ (hard) working student and always gets good grades. 3. We should be ______ (patience) with old people. 4. She always ______ (courage) me to try new things. 5. My parents ______ (support) me when I was in trouble. 6. Don't ______ (forget) to bring your ID card tomorrow. 7. The flowers ______ (smell) very sweet in the garden. 8. He is ______ (probable) the best student in our class. 9. My grandmother takes good ______ (careful) of the garden. 10. She is a ______ (cheer) girl who always brings joy to others. 题型二 答案及详解 1. cheerful 2. hard-working 3. patient 4. encourages 5. supported 6. forget 7. smell 8. probably 9. care 10. cheerful 题型三：句型转换 1. My grandmother tells me stories. She lives with us.（合并为定语从句） → My grandmother ______ ______ with us tells me stories. 2. Mr Li is a teacher. He is strict with his students.（合并为定语从句） → Mr Li is a teacher ______ ______ strict with his students. 3. She is a kind person.（改为感叹句） → ______ ______ kind person she is! 4. I forgot to bring my homework.（改为否定句） → I ______ ______ to bring my homework. 5. He never gives up.（对画线部分提问） → ______ ______ he never ______? 6. My mother is patient with me.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ your mother patient with you? 7. Tom is hard-working. His brother is hard-working too.（用 as well as 合并） → ______ ______ ______ Tom, his brother is hard-working. 8. That is the man. He helped me yesterday.（合并为定语从句） → That is the man ______ ______ me yesterday. 9. You should take care of your pet.（改为同义句） → You should ______ ______ your pet. 10. She is a very cheerful girl.（改为感叹句） → ______ ______ the girl is! 题型三 答案及详解 1. who lives 2. who is 3. What a 4. didn't forget 5. What does; do 6. Is 7. As well as 8. who helped 9. look after 10. How cheerful 题型四：阅读理解 My role model is my mother. She is a doctor who works in a hospital. She is hard-working and patient. Every day, she takes care of many patients. Some patients are very sick, but my mother never complains. She is always cheerful and tries to make them feel better. My mother is also strict with me. She asks me to finish my homework before watching TV. However, when I have problems with my study, she always encourages me. She says, “Never give up. Try your best.” I love my mother and want to be a person like her. 1. What does the writer's mother do? 2. List two adjectives that describe the writer's mother. 3. What does the writer's mother ask him/her to do first? 4. What does the writer's mother say when he/she has problems? 5. Why does the writer think his/her mother is a role model? 6. The underlined word “they” refers to ______. A. the doctors B. the patients C. the writer D. the family 7. The word “sick” is closest in meaning to ______. A. happy  B. healthy  C. ill  D. tired 8. Which is NOT true about the writer‘s mother? A. She is a doctor.  B. She is strict with the writer. C. She often complains about her work.  D. She encourages the writer. 9. What can we learn from the passage? A. Mothers are always strict. B. Never give up when facing difficulties. C. Doctors have an easy job. D. Watching TV is more important than homework. 10. What does the writer want to be in the future? A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A person like his/her mother. D. A patient. 题型四 答案及详解 1. She is a doctor. 2. Hard-working and patient. 3. Finish homework before watching TV. 4. Never give up. Try your best. 5. Because he/she loves her and wants to be like her. 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 题型五：书面表达 话题：推荐 “我身边的一位榜样” 写作任务：假设你是李华，写一篇不少于 60 词短文，介绍身边榜样，包含人物、性格、帮助、感悟。 参考范文 The Role Model Around Me My role model is my English teacher, Miss Zhang. She is a teacher who is both patient and hard-working. Miss Zhang is always cheerful in class. She tells jokes to make us laugh. When I had difficulty in learning English, she encouraged me to keep trying and never give up. From her, I learned that a good teacher isnot only a teacher but also a good friend. I want to be a person who can help others like her. 七、单元写作高分句型储备 句型 功能 例句 ... is a person who ... 定语从句描述人物 My mother is a person who cares about others. not only...but also... 并列特征 He is not only kind but also brave. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励 She encouraged me to try again. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $