期末重难点复习Unit5—8（词汇+语法+句型+专项训练）2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 以单元为单位，构建“词汇-短语-句型-语法”递进体系，通过核心讲解、易错提醒及专项训练实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心词汇|每单元12词+例句|词性-含义-例句三维记忆法|从自然/文化等主题词汇切入，夯实语言基础| |重点语法|每单元1-2语法点+对比表格|规则梳理+易错对比（如when/while）|从构成到用法，结合情境辨析，培养逻辑思维| |专项训练|每单元8题型约60题|分题型对应考点（如时态填空）|词汇→语法→综合应用，层层递进提升语言运用能力|

八年级英语（人教版）下册期末重难点复习 （词汇+语法+句型+专项训练） Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 本单元核心考点自查清单 序号 考点内容 掌握程度（√） 1 自然灾害类词汇：rainstorm, flood, earthquake, wildfire, typhoon, tsunami □ 2 天气与自然现象：storm, wind, thunder, lightning, dark, heavy, strong □ 3 新闻报道与时间表达：report, alarm, area, anywhere, beat, fallen, apart □ 4 短语：at the time of, go off, pick up, fall asleep, die down, make sure, wake up □ 5 句型：What were you doing when...? □ 6 语法：过去进行时（肯定句、否定句、疑问句） □ 7 语法：when与while引导的时间状语从句 □ 8 语法：过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 □ 9 辨析：when / while □ 10 辨析：beat / win □ 11 辨析：heavy / strongly □ 考点1 核心词汇 词汇 词性 含义 例句 rainstorm n. 暴风雨 The rainstorm came suddenly last night. 昨晚暴风雨突然来临。 flood n. 洪水 The flood destroyed many houses. 洪水摧毁了许多房屋。 earthquake n. 地震 People felt the earthquake in the city. 城里的人们感觉到了地震。 wildfire n. 野火 The wildfire burned thousands of trees. 野火烧毁了数千棵树。 typhoon n. 台风 The typhoon hit the coast yesterday. 台风昨天袭击了海岸。 tsunami n. 海啸 The tsunami caused great damage. 海啸造成了巨大的破坏。 storm n. 风暴 The storm was getting stronger. 风暴越来越强。 thunder n. 雷声 The thunder was loud and scary. 雷声又大又吓人。 lightning n. 闪电 The lightning lit up the sky. 闪电照亮了天空。 dark adj. 黑暗的 The sky became very dark. 天空变得很暗。 beat v. 敲打；打败 The rain was beating against the window. 雨水敲打着窗户。 fallen adj. 倒下的；落下的 The road was covered with fallen trees. 路上满是倒下的树木。 考点2 重点短语 重点短语 含义 例句 at the time of 在……的时候 What were you doing at the time of the rainstorm? 暴风雨来临时你在做什么？ go off （闹钟）响起 My alarm didn’t go off this morning. 今天早上我的闹钟没响。 pick up 接电话；捡起 I picked up the phone and answered it. 我拿起电话接了。 fall asleep 入睡 I was so tired that I fell asleep quickly. 我太累了，很快就睡着了。 die down 逐渐变弱 The wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. 凌晨3点左右风逐渐变小了。 make sure 确保 Make sure to turn off the lights before leaving. 离开前确保关灯。 wake up 醒来 I woke up at 7:00 this morning. 我今天早上7点醒来。 考点3 重点句型 句型结构 含义 例句 What were you doing when...? 当……的时候你在做什么？ What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 暴风雨来临时你在做什么？ While I was doing..., ... happened. 当我正在做……的时候，……发生了。 While I was reading, the phone rang. 我正在读书时，电话响了。 I was doing... when... 我正在做……这时…… I was sleeping when the alarm went off. 我正睡觉，这时闹钟响了。 考点4 重点语法（一）：过去进行时 【核心讲解】 过去进行时是期中考试必考语法点，用来描述过去某个时刻正在发生的动作。 1. 过去进行时的构成 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 现在分词 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 现在分词 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 现在分词？ 2. 现在分词的构成规则 情况 规则 原形 现在分词 一般情况 直接加-ing do, play, beat doing, playing, beating 以不发音e结尾 去e加-ing take, shine taking, shining 重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母加-ing get, drop getting, dropping 以ie结尾 变ie为y加-ing die, lie dying, lying 3. 过去进行时的用法 用法 例句 过去某一时刻正在发生 I was sleeping at 10:00 last night. 昨晚10点我正在睡觉。 过去某一时段持续发生 They were watching TV from 7 to 9. 他们7到9点在看电视。 与一般过去时连用 I was reading when the phone rang. 我正读书时电话响了。 ⚠️ 易错提醒 错误示例 正确示例 He was sleep at 10 last night. He was sleeping at 10 last night. What were you do when I called? What were you doing when I called? She wasn’t cook at that time. She wasn’t cooking at that time. 考点5 重点语法（二）：when与while 【核心讲解】 when和while都表示“当……的时候”，但用法不同。 1. when的用法 后跟一般过去时（短暂性动作） 后跟过去进行时（持续性动作） 例句：When the rainstorm came, I was sleeping. (暴风雨来临时，我正在睡觉。) 2. while的用法 后跟过去进行时（持续性动作） 强调两个动作同时发生 例句：While I was sleeping, the rainstorm came. (我正在睡觉时，暴风雨来了。) 3. 对比表格 连词 后面接的时态 动作类型 例句 when 一般过去时/过去进行时 短暂/持续 When I got home, she was cooking. while 过去进行时 持续 While I was cooking, she was reading. ⚠️ 易错提醒 错误示例 正确示例 While the phone rang, I was reading. When the phone rang, I was reading. When I was sleeping, the phone rang. While I was sleeping, the phone rang. 考点6 同义词/近义词辨析 词/词组 含义 区别 例句 when / while 当……的时候 when后接短暂或持续动作；while后只接持续动作 When he arrived, I was eating. / While I was eating, he arrived. beat / win 打败/赢得 beat后接对手；win后接比赛、奖品 We beat their team. / We won the game. heavy / strongly 猛烈地 heavy修饰雨雪；strongly修饰风 It was raining heavily. / The wind was blowing strongly. 专项训练 一、根据汉语提示填空 1. The ________ (暴风雨) came suddenly last night. 2. The ________ (洪水) destroyed many houses. 3. Many people felt the ________ (地震) in the city. 4. The ________ (野火) burned thousands of trees. 5. The ________ (台风) hit the coast yesterday. 6. The ________ (风暴) was getting stronger. 7. The road was covered with ________ (倒下的) trees. 8. The rain was ________ (敲打) against the window. 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 9. What were you doing at the t________ of the rainstorm? 10. My alarm didn’t go o________ this morning. 11. I p________ up the phone and answered it. 12. I was so tired that I fell a________ quickly. 13. The wind was d________ down at around 3:00 a.m. 14. I w________ up at 7:00 this morning. 三、根据音标提示填空 15. /ˈreɪnstɔːm/ — The ________ came suddenly. 16. /ɪkˈwɜːk/ — Many people felt the ________. 17. /ˈtaɪfuːn/ — The ________ hit the coast. 18. /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ — The ________ caused great damage. 19. /θʌndə(r)/ — The ________ was loud and scary. 20. /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ — The ________ lit up the sky. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（过去进行时） 21. What ________ you ________ (do) at 8:00 last night? 22. I ________ (sleep) when the rainstorm came. 23. She ________ (read) a book while I was cooking. 24. They ________ (play) basketball at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. 25. He ________ (not watch) TV at that time. 26. ________ you ________ (study) when I called you? 27. The wind ________ (blow) strongly at that moment. 28. While we ________ (wait) for the bus, it started to rain. 29. I ________ (have) dinner when the phone rang. 30. The children ________ (play) in the park when it began to rain. 五、用when或while填空 31. ________ the rainstorm came, I was sleeping. 32. ________ I was sleeping, the rainstorm came. 33. I was reading ________ the phone rang. 34. ________ I was reading, the phone rang. 35. He was walking home ________ he saw a car accident. 36. ________ he was walking home, he saw a car accident. 37. She was cooking ________ I arrived home. 38. ________ she was cooking, I arrived home. 六、用所给动词的适当形式填空（时态综合） 39. I ________ (walk) home when it began to rain. 40. She ________ (do) her homework at 9:00 last night. 41. They ________ (play) games while their mother was cooking. 42. What ________ you ________ (do) when the alarm went off? 43. He ________ (read) a newspaper when I came in. 44. The children ________ (sleep) at that time. 45. While I ________ (wait) for the bus, I met an old friend. 46. She ________ (not come) to the party because she was ill. 七、按要求完成句子 47. I was sleeping at 10:00 last night. (改为否定句) → I ________ ________ sleeping at 10:00 last night. 48. They were playing basketball at 4:00 yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) → ________ they ________ basketball at 4:00 yesterday? 49. I was reading when the phone rang. (对划线部分提问) → ________ were you ________ when the phone rang? 50. She was cooking dinner at 6:00 yesterday. (对划线部分提问) → ________ was she ________ at 6:00 yesterday? 51. was, sleeping, I, when, the rainstorm, came (连词成句) → ________________________________. 52. The wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. (改为同义句) → The wind was ________ ________ at around 3:00 a.m. 八、根据中文完成句子 53. 暴风雨来临时你在做什么？ → What ________ you ________ when the rainstorm ________? 54. 昨晚10点我正在睡觉。 → I ________ ________ at 10:00 last night. 55. 我今天早上7点醒来。 → I ________ ________ at 7:00 this morning. 56. 我正睡觉时闹钟响了。 → I was sleeping ________ the alarm ________ ________. 57. 雨下得很大，风刮得很猛。 → It was raining ________ and the wind was blowing ________. 58. 确保在离开前关掉灯。 → ________ ________ to turn off the lights before leaving. 59. 她拿起电话接了起来。 → She ________ ________ the phone and answered it. 60. 他们正在玩游戏，这时我进来了。 → They ________ ________ games ________ I came in. 参考答案 一、根据汉语提示填空 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 rainstorm flood earthquake wildfire typhoon storm fallen beating 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 答案 time off picked asleep dying woke 三、根据音标提示填空 题号 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 rainstorm earthquake typhoon tsunami thunder lightning 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（过去进行时） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 答案 were; doing was sleeping was reading were playing wasn’t watching 题号 26 27 28 29 30 答案 Were; studying was blowing were waiting was having were playing 五、用when或while填空 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 答案 When While when While when While when While 六、用所给动词的适当形式填空（时态综合） 题号 39 40 41 42 答案 was walking was doing were playing were; doing 题号 43 44 45 46 答案 was reading were sleeping was waiting didn’t come 七、按要求完成句子 题号 47 48 49 50 答案 wasn’t Were; playing What; doing What; doing 题号 51 52 答案 I was sleeping when the rainstorm came. getting weaker 八、根据中文完成句子 题号 53 54 55 56 答案 were; doing; came was sleeping woke up when; went off 题号 57 58 59 60 答案 heavily; strongly Make sure picked up were playing; when Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 本单元核心考点自查清单 序号 考点内容 掌握程度（√） 1 文化差异类词汇：custom, manner, tradition, culture, polite, impolite □ 2 社交礼仪词汇：greet, bow, shake, kiss, hug, respect, behave □ 3 国家与地区词汇：Japan, Korea, France, Brazil, Mexico, Arab □ 4 短语：shake hands, take off, be supposed to, make mistakes, each other □ 5 句型：You‘re supposed to do... □ 6 语法：连词so...that（如此……以至于） □ 7 语法：连词unless（除非） □ 8 语法：连词as soon as（一……就……） □ 9 辨析：so that / so...that □ 10 辨析：be supposed to / should □ 11 辨析：custom / habit □ 考点1 核心词汇 词汇 词性 含义 例句 custom n. 风俗；习惯 Different countries have different customs. 不同的国家有不同的风俗。 manner n. 礼貌；礼仪 It’s good manners to say “thank you“. 说“谢谢”是有礼貌的表现。 tradition n. 传统 Eating dumplings is a Chinese tradition. 吃饺子是中国的传统。 culture n. 文化 Learning about different cultures is interesting. 了解不同文化很有趣。 polite adj. 礼貌的 You should be polite to the elderly. 你应该对老人有礼貌。 impolite adj. 不礼貌的 It‘s impolite to talk with your mouth full. 嘴里含着东西说话是不礼貌的。 greet v. 问候；打招呼 People greet each other differently in different cultures. 不同文化中人们互相问候的方式不同。 bow v. 鞠躬 In Japan, people bow to show respect. 在日本，人们鞠躬以示尊重。 shake v. 摇动；握手 Americans shake hands when they meet. 美国人见面时握手。 kiss v. 亲吻 In France, people kiss on the cheek to greet. 在法国，人们亲吻脸颊问候。 hug v. 拥抱 Friends usually hug when they meet. 朋友见面时通常拥抱。 respect n./v. 尊重 We should show respect for other cultures. 我们应该尊重其他文化。 考点2 重点短语 重点短语 含义 例句 shake hands 握手 You should shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. 第一次见面时应该握手。 take off 脱下；起飞 In some cultures, you should take off your shoes before entering a house. 在一些文化中，进屋前应该脱鞋。 be supposed to 应该 You are supposed to bow in Japan. 在日本你应该鞠躬。 make mistakes 犯错 Don‘t be afraid to make mistakes when learning a new language. 学新语言时不要怕犯错。 each other 互相 People from different cultures can learn from each other. 来自不同文化的人们可以互相学习。 考点3 重点句型 句型结构 含义 例句 You’re supposed to do... 你应该做…… You‘re supposed to bow in Japan. 在日本你应该鞠躬。 You’re not supposed to do... 你不应该做…… You‘re not supposed to talk loudly in public. 你不应该在公共场合大声说话。 It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的 It‘s polite to say “thank you”. 说“谢谢”是有礼貌的。 考点4 重点语法：连词so...that, unless, as soon as 【核心讲解】 连词用于连接句子，表达逻辑关系。 1. so...that（如此……以至于） 结构：so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句 表示结果或程度 例句：The book was so interesting that I read it twice. (这本书如此有趣，以至于我读了两遍。) 2. unless（除非） 结构：unless + 从句（相当于if not） 表示条件 例句：You won’t learn if you don‘t practice. = You won’t learn unless you practice. (除非你练习，否则你学不会。) 3. as soon as（一……就……） 结构：as soon as + 从句 表示时间顺序 例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive. (我一到达就给你打电话。) 4. 对比表格 连词 含义 逻辑关系 例句 so...that 如此……以至于 结果 He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him. unless 除非 条件 You won‘t succeed unless you work hard. as soon as 一……就…… 时间 I’ll tell him as soon as he comes. 考点5 同义词/近义词辨析 词/词组 含义 区别 例句 so that / so...that 以便/如此……以至于 so that表目的；so...that表结果 I study hard so that I can pass the exam. / I was so tired that I fell asleep. be supposed to / should 应该 be supposed to强调约定俗成；should强调建议 You‘re supposed to bow in Japan. / You should see a doctor. custom / habit 风俗/习惯 custom指社会风俗；habit指个人习惯 It’s a local custom to give red packets. / Smoking is a bad habit. 专项训练 一、根据汉语提示填空 1. Different countries have different ________ (风俗). 2. It‘s good ________ (礼貌) to say “thank you”. 3. Eating dumplings is a Chinese ________ (传统). 4. Learning about different ________ (文化) is interesting. 5. You should be ________ (礼貌的) to the elderly. 6. It’s ________ (不礼貌的) to talk with your mouth full. 7. In Japan, people ________ (鞠躬) to show respect. 8. People from different cultures can learn from ________ ________ (互相). 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 9. Americans s________ hands when they meet. 10. In France, people k________ on the cheek to greet. 11. Friends usually h________ when they meet. 12. You should take o________ your shoes before entering a house. 13. You are s________ to bow in Japan. 14. Don‘t be afraid to make m________ when learning a new language. 三、根据音标提示填空 15. /ˈkʌstəm/ — Different countries have different ________. 16. /trəˈdɪʃn/ — Eating dumplings is a Chinese ________. 17. /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ — Learning about different ________ is interesting. 18. /pəˈlaɪt/ — You should be ________ to others. 19. /baʊ/ — In Japan, people ________ to show respect. 20. /rɪˈspekt/ — We should show ________ for other cultures. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（连词填空） 21. The book was ________ interesting ________ I read it twice. (so...that) 22. You won‘t learn ________ you practice. (unless) 23. I will call you ________ ________ ________ I arrive. (as soon as) 24. He ran ________ fast ________ I couldn’t catch him. (so...that) 25. You will miss the bus ________ you hurry. (unless) 26. ________ ________ ________ he arrived, he called me. (as soon as) 27. The box was ________ heavy ________ I couldn‘t carry it. (so...that) 28. She won’t pass the exam ________ she studies hard. (unless) 29. I’ll tell him ________ ________ ________ he comes. (as soon as) 30. The movie was ________ boring ________ I fell asleep. (so...that) 五、用所给动词的适当形式填空 31. You are supposed ________ (bow) in Japan. 32. It’s polite ________ (say) “thank you”. 33. People greet each other ________ (different) in different cultures. 34. She was so tired that she ________ (fall) asleep quickly. 35. I will call you as soon as I ________ (arrive). 36. You won‘t learn a language unless you ________ (practice) every day. 37. He ran so fast that nobody ________ (can) catch him. 38. We should show respect for ________ (other) cultures. 六、按要求完成句子 39. You should bow in Japan. (改为同义句) → You ________ ________ ________ bow in Japan. 40. If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus. (改为同义句) → You will miss the bus ________ you hurry. 41. The book was so interesting that I read it twice. (改为同义句) → The book was interesting ________ for me to read twice. 42. I will call you. I arrive. (用as soon as连成一句) → I will call you ________ ________ ________ I arrive. 43. You‘re not supposed to talk loudly in public. (改为主动句) → You ________ talk loudly in public. 44. People shake hands when they meet. (对划线部分提问) → ________ do people ________ when they meet? 七、根据中文完成句子 45. 在日本你应该鞠躬。 → You ________ ________ ________ bow in Japan. 46. 学习不同文化很有趣。 → ________ interesting ________ learn about different ________. 47. 这本书如此有趣，以至于我读了两遍。 → The book was ________ interesting ________ I read it ________. 48. 我一到达就给你打电话。 → I will call you ________ ________ ________ I ________. 49. 除非你练习，否则你学不会。 → You won‘t learn ________ you ________ every day. 50. 来自不同文化的人们可以互相学习。 → People from different ________ can learn from ________ ________. 参考答案 一、根据汉语提示填空 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 customs manners tradition cultures polite impolite bow each other 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 答案 shake kiss hug off supposed mistakes 三、根据音标提示填空 题号 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 customs tradition cultures polite bow respect 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（连词填空） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 答案 so; that unless as soon as so; that unless 题号 26 27 28 29 30 答案 As soon as so; that unless as soon as so; that 五、用所给动词的适当形式填空 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 答案 to bow to say differently fell arrive practice could other 六、按要求完成句子 题号 39 40 41 42 43 44 答案 are supposed to unless enough as soon as Shouldn’t What; do 七、根据中文完成句子 题号 45 46 47 答案 are supposed to It’s; to; cultures so; that; twice 题号 48 49 50 答案 as soon as; arrive unless; practice cultures; each other Unit 7 A Good Read 本单元核心考点自查清单 序号 考点内容 掌握程度（√） 1 书籍与阅读类词汇：treasure, island, classic, page, hurry, due, technology □ 2 文学作品词汇：fiction, novel, poem, character, chapter, author, publish □ 3 读书相关短语：hurry up, due to, science fiction, at the back of, be interested in □ 4 句型：Have you read...yet? □ 5 语法：现在完成时（肯定句、否定句、疑问句） □ 6 语法：already 与 yet 的用法 □ 7 语法：ever 与 never 的用法 □ 8 辨析：already /yet □ 9 辨析：ever /never □ 10 辨析：read /look/see /watch □ 考点 1 核心词汇 词汇 词性 含义 例句 treasure n. 财宝 The pirate buried his treasure on the island. 海盗把财宝藏在了岛上。 island n. 岛 Robinson Crusoe lived on a deserted island. 鲁滨逊住在一个荒岛上。 classic n./adj. 经典作品；经典的 Pride and Prejudice is a classic. 《傲慢与偏见》是一部经典作品。 page n. 页 I have read 100 pages of this book. 这本书我已经读了 100 页。 hurry v. 匆忙 Hurry up, or we‘ll be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。 due adj. 到期的 The library book is due next week. 这本图书馆的书下周到期。 technology n. 技术 Modern technology has changed the way we read. 现代技术改变了我们阅读的方式。 fiction n. 小说 I like reading science fiction. 我喜欢读科幻小说。 novel n. （长篇）小说 This novel is very interesting. 这本小说很有趣。 poem n. 诗 She wrote a beautiful poem. 她写了一首美丽的诗。 character n. 角色；人物 The main character in the story is a young boy. 故事中的主角是一个小男孩。 author n. 作者 Who is your favorite author? 你最喜欢的作者是谁？ 考点 2 重点短语 重点短语 含义 例句 hurry up 赶快 Hurry up, or you’ll miss the bus. 赶快，否则你会错过公交车。 due to 由于；到期 The game was cancelled due to the rain. 比赛因雨取消了。 science fiction 科幻小说 I am interested in science fiction. 我对科幻小说感兴趣。 at the back of 在…… 的后面 There is a map at the back of the book. 书后面有一张地图。 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 I am interested in reading historical stories. 我对读历史故事感兴趣。 at the end of 在…… 的结尾 At the end of the story, the hero saves the day. 在故事的结尾，英雄拯救了世界。 考点 3 重点句型 句型结构 含义 例句 Have you read...yet? 你读过…… 了吗？ Have you read Treasure Island yet? 你读过《金银岛》了吗？ I have already read... 我已经读过…… 了。 I have already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。 I haven‘t read...yet. 我还没读过……。 I haven’t read the book yet. 我还没读过这本书。 考点 4 重点语法：现在完成时（一） 【核心讲解】 现在完成时是用来描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响或持续到现在的状态。 现在完成时的构成 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 否定句：主语 + haven‘t/hasn’t + 过去分词 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词？ 常用时间状语 状语 含义 用法 例句 already 已经 肯定句 I have already finished my homework. yet 还（没） 否定句/ 疑问句 I haven‘t finished yet. Have you finished yet? ever 曾经 疑问句 Have you ever been to London? never 从未 肯定句（表否定） I have never seen such a beautiful view. 过去分词的构成规则 情况 规则 原形 过去分词 一般情况 +ed finish, read finished, read (read 不变) 以 e 结尾 +d like, arrive liked, arrived 辅 + y 结尾 改 y 为 i+ed study, carry studied, carried 不规则 特殊变化 go, eat, see gone, eaten, seen 常见不规则动词过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 read read read write wrote written go went gone eat ate eaten see saw seen buy bought bought have had had meet met met ⚠️ 易错提醒 错误示例 正确示例 I have read this book yesterday. I read this book yesterday. / I have read this book. She haven‘t finished her homework. She hasn’t finished her homework. Have you ever went to London? Have you ever been to London? 考点 5 同义词 / 近义词辨析 词/词组 含义 区别 例句 already / yet 已经 / 还 already 用于肯定句；yet 用于否定句和疑问句 I have already finished. / I haven‘t finished yet. / Have you finished yet? ever / never 曾经 / 从未 ever 用于疑问句；never 表否定 Have you ever been there? / I have never been there. read / look / see / watch 阅读 / 看 read 指读书；look 指看动作；see 指看到结果；watch 指注视 I read a book. / Look at the picture. / I see a bird. / Watch TV. 专项训练 一、根据汉语提示填空 1. The pirate buried his ________ (财宝) on the island. 2. Robinson Crusoe lived on a deserted ________ (岛). 3. Pride and Prejudice is a ________ (经典). 4. I have read 100 ________ (页) of this book. 5. ________ (赶快) up, or we‘ll be late. 6. The library book is ________ (到期的) next week. 7. I like reading ________ ________ (科幻小说). 8. Who is your favorite ________ (作者)? 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 9. Have you read Treasure Island ________? 10. I have ________ read this book. 11. I haven’t read the book ________. 12. Have you ________ been to London? 13. I have ________ seen such a beautiful view. 14. There is a map at the ________ of the book. 三、根据音标提示填空 15. /ˈtreʒə(r)/ — The pirate buried his ________. 16. /ˈaɪlənd/ — Robinson lived on a deserted ________. 17. /ˈklæsɪk/ — Pride and Prejudice is a ________. 18. /ˈhʌri/ — ________ up, or we‘ll be late. 19. /ˈfɪkʃn/ — I like reading science ________. 20. /ˈnɒvl/ — This ________ is very interesting. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（现在完成时） 21. I ________ (read) Treasure Island already. 22. She ________ (not finish) her homework yet. 23. ________ you ________ (read) this book yet? 24. They ________ (never, be) to the UK. 25. He ________ (already, see) the movie. 26. We ________ (live) in this city since 2020. 27. ________ she ever ________ (try) online reading? 28. I ________ (not, read) the book yet. 29. She ________ (write) three novels so far. 30. ________ you ________ (meet) your favorite author? 五、用 already 或 yet 填空 31. I have ________ finished my homework. 32. I haven‘t finished my homework ________. 33. Have you finished your homework ________? 34. She has ________ read this book twice. 35. They haven’t arrived ________. 36. Has the train left ________? 37. We have ________ visited the museum. 38. He hasn‘t decided ________. 六、用所给动词的适当形式填空（时态综合） 39. I ________ (read) this book last week. 40. I ________ (read) this book twice so far. 41. She ________ (buy) a new computer yesterday. 42. She ________ (already, buy) a new computer. 43. They ________ (live) in this city since 2015. 44. They ________ (move) to this city in 2015. 七、按要求完成句子 45. I have read Treasure Island. (改为否定句) → I ________ ________ Treasure Island. 46. She has finished her homework. (改为一般疑问句) → ________ she ________ her homework? 47. I have already seen the movie. (改为否定句) → I ________ ________ the movie ________. 48. They have visited the museum twice. (对划线部分提问) → ________ ________ times have they visited the museum? 49. Have you ever been to London? (作肯定回答) → Yes, ________ ________. 50. He hasn’t read the book yet. (改为肯定句) → He ________ ________ read the book. 八、根据中文完成句子 51. 你读过《金银岛》了吗？ → ________ you ________ Treasure Island ________? 52. 我已经读过这本书了。 → I ________ ________ ________ this book. 53. 我还没读过这本书。 → I ________ ________ the book ________. 54. 这本书如此有趣，以至于我读了两遍。 → The book was ________ interesting ________ I read it ________. 55. 我对科幻小说感兴趣。 → I ________ ________ ________ science ________. 56. 书后面有一张地图。 → There is a map ________ ________ ________ ________ the book. 参考答案 一、根据汉语提示填空 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 treasure island classic pages Hurry due science fiction author 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 答案 yet already yet ever never back 三、根据音标提示填空 题号 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 treasure island classic Hurry fiction novel 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（现在完成时） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 答案 have read Hasn’t finished Have; read have never been has already seen 题号 26 27 28 29 30 答案 have lived Has; tried haven’t read has written Have; met 五、用 already 或 yet 填空 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 答案 already yet yet already yet yet already yet 六、用所给动词的适当形式填空（时态综合） 题号 39 40 41 42 43 44 答案 read have read bought has already bought have lived moved 七、按要求完成句子 题号 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 haven’t read Has; finished haven’t seen; yet How many I have has already 八、根据中文完成句子 题号 51 52 53 答案 Have; read; yet have already read haven‘t read; yet 题号 54 55 56 答案 so; that; twice am interested in; fiction at the back of Unit 8 Making a Difference 本单元核心考点自查清单 序号 考点内容 掌握程度 （√） 1 志愿服务类词汇：volunteer, charity, donation, community, fund, support, project □ 2 助人动词短语：clean up, cheer up, give out, set up, put off, hand out □ 3 组织与机构词汇：organization, shelter, orphanage, clinic, campaign □ 4 短语：make a difference, give away, take after, fix up, be similar to, run out of □ 5 句型：I‘d like to do.../ I hope to do.../ I plan to do... □ 6 语法：现在完成时（since 和 for 的用法） □ 7 语法：现在完成时表示持续的动作 □ 8 辨析：since /for □ 9 辨析：have been to /have gone to □ 10 辨析：give away /give out /give up □ 考点 1 核心词汇 词汇 词性 含义 例句 volunteer n./v. 志愿者；自愿做 He works as a volunteer at the hospital. 他在医院做志愿者。 charity n. 慈善机构 We should donate money to charity. 我们应该向慈善机构捐款。 donation n. 捐赠 Thank you for your generous donation. 感谢您的慷慨捐赠。 community n. 社区 We should help people in our community. 我们应该帮助社区里的人。 fund n. 资金；基金 The organization raised funds for the poor. 这个组织为穷人筹集了资金。 support v./n. 支持 My family always supports me. 我的家人总是支持我。 project n. 项目；工程 The charity project helps homeless people. 这个慈善项目帮助无家可归的人。 shelter n. 收容所；避难所 We donated blankets to the animal shelter. 我们向动物收容所捐赠了毯子。 orphanage n. 孤儿院 She volunteers at an orphanage every weekend. 她每个周末在孤儿院做志愿者。 clinic n. 诊所 The free clinic provides medical care for the poor. 这家免费诊所为穷人提供医疗服务。 考点 2 重点短语 重点短语 含义 例句 make a difference 有所作为；产生影响 Small actions can make a big difference. 小行动可以产生大影响。 clean up 打扫干净 Let’s clean up the park together. 让我们一起打扫公园吧。 cheer up 使高兴；使振作 We cheered up the sick children by telling stories. 我们讲故事让生病的孩子们高兴起来。 give out 分发 Volunteers gave out food to the homeless. 志愿者向无家可归者分发食物。 set up 建立；设立 They set up a charity to help the poor. 他们建立了一个慈善机构来帮助穷人。 give away 赠送；捐赠 He gave away his old clothes to the poor. 他把旧衣服捐给了穷人。 take after 像（性格） She takes after her mother. 她性格像她妈妈。 fix up 修理 He fixed up the old bicycle and gave it away. 他修好了旧自行车，然后捐了出去。 run out of 用完 We ran out of food and water. 我们的食物和水用完了。 考点 3 重点句型 句型结构 含义 例句 I‘d like to do... 我想要做…… I’d like to help homeless people. 我想要帮助无家可归的人。 I hope to do... 我希望做…… I hope to make a difference in my community. 我希望在我的社区有所作为。 I plan to do... 我计划做…… I plan to volunteer at the animal shelter. 我计划在动物收容所做志愿者。 考点 4 重点语法：现在完成时（二） 【核心讲解】 现在完成时的另一个重要用法是表示从过去持续到现在的动作，常与 since 和 for 连用。 1. since 和 for 的区别 介词 含义 后接 例句 for 持续…… 时间 时间段 I have lived here for ten years. since 自从…… 时间点 I have lived here since 2015. 2. 时间段与时间点的区别 类型 示例 时间段（for） ten years, three months, two days, five hours 时间点（since） 2015, Monday, last week, yesterday, I was born 3. 句型：How long have you...? 用于询问持续时间 例句：How long have you lived here? (你在这里住了多久了？) 4. have been to 与 have gone to 的区别 结构 含义 主语要求 have been to 去过某地（已回来） 任何人 have gone to 去了某地（未回来） 不能是 I/we ⚠️ 易错提醒 错误示例 正确示例 I have lived here since ten years. I have lived here for ten years. / I have lived here since 2015. He has gone to Beijing twice. He has been to Beijing twice. How long did you live here? How long have you lived here? 考点 5 同义词 / 近义词辨析 词/词组 含义 区别 例句 since / for 自从 / 持续 since + 时间点；for + 时间段 I have worked here since 2020. / I have worked here for three years. have been to / have gone to 去过 / 去了 been to 已回来；gone to 未回来 I have been to Paris. / He has gone to Paris. give away / give out / give up 捐赠 / 分发 / 放弃 give away 赠送；give out 分发；give up 放弃 He gave away his books. / She gave out food. / Don’t give up. 专项训练 一、根据汉语提示填空 1. He works as a ________ (志愿者) at the hospital. 2. We should donate money to ________ (慈善机构). 3. Thank you for your generous ________ (捐赠). 4. We should help people in our ________ (社区). 5. The organization raised ________ (资金) for the poor. 6. My family always ________ (支持) me. 7. The charity ________ (项目) helps homeless people. 8. Small actions can make a big ________ (影响). 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 9. Let‘s clean ________ the park together. 10. Volunteers gave ________ food to the homeless. 11. They set ________ a charity to help the poor. 12. She ________ after her mother. 13. We ________ out of food and water. 14. Don’t ________ up. You can do it. 三、根据音标提示填空 15. /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ — He works as a ________ at the hospital. 16. /ˈtʃærəti/ — We should donate money to ________. 17. /kəˈmjuːnəti/ — We should help people in our ________. 18. /prəˈdʒekt/ — The charity ________ helps homeless people. 19. /ˈʃeltə(r)/ — We donated blankets to the animal ________. 20. /klɪnɪk/ — The free ________ provides medical care for the poor. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（现在完成时） 21. I ________ (live) in this city since 2020. 22. She ________ (work) here for five years. 23. They ________ (know) each other since they were children. 24. He ________ (be) to Beijing twice. 25. My father ________ (go) to Shanghai. He will be back next week. 26. How long ________ you ________ (live) in this town? 27. I ________ (not see) him since last month. 28. She ________ (volunteer) at the orphanage for three years. 29. We ________ (raise) a lot of money for charity so far. 30. He ________ (give) away his old clothes to the poor. 五、用 since 或 for 填空 31. I have lived in Nanjing ________ ten years. 32. She has studied English ________ 2021. 33. They have known each other ________ they were children. 34. He has worked here ________ three months. 35. We have been friends ________ primary school. 36. I have waited for you ________ two hours. 37. She has been away ________ last Friday. 38. We haven‘t seen each other ________ a long time. 六、用 have been to 或 have gone to 填空 39. I ________ (be) to the Great Wall twice. 40. Where is Tom? He ________ (go) to Beijing. 41. She ________ (be) to many different countries. 42. My father isn’t here. He ________ (go) to the airport. 43. ________ you ever ________ (be) to an aquarium? 44. They ________ (go) to the library. They will be back in an hour. 七、按要求完成句子 45. I have lived here since 2015. (对划线部分提问) → ________ ________ have you lived here? 46. He has worked here for five years. (对划线部分提问) → ________ ________ has he worked here? 47. She has been to Paris. (改为一般疑问句) → ________ she ________ to Paris? 48. They have lived in this city. (用 since 2010 改写) → They have lived in this city ________ 2010. 49. He has gone to Shanghai. (改为否定句) → He ________ ________ to Shanghai. 50. I have never been to the UK. (改为同义句) → I ________ ________ to the UK before. 八、根据中文完成句子 51. 我在这里住了十年了。 → I have lived here ________ ten ________. 52. 她从 2015 年就住在这里了。 → She has lived here ________ 2015. 53. 小行动可以产生大影响。 → Small actions can make a big ________. 54. 我想在动物收容所做志愿者。 → I ________ ________ to ________ at the animal shelter. 55. 他把他旧衣服捐给了穷人。 → He ________ ________ his old clothes to the poor. 56. 我们食物用完了。 → We ________ ________ ________ food. 参考答案 一、根据汉语提示填空 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 volunteer charity donation community funds supports project difference 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 答案 up out up takes ran give 三、根据音标提示填空 题号 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 volunteer charity community project shelter clinic 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（现在完成时） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 答案 have lived has worked have known has been has gone 题号 26 27 28 29 30 答案 have; lived haven‘t seen has volunteered have raised has given 五、用 since 或 for 填空 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 答案 for since since for since for since for 六、用 have been to 或 have gone to 填空 题号 39 40 41 42 43 44 答案 have been has gone has been has gone Have; been have gone 七、按要求完成句子 题号 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 How long How long Has; been since hasn’t gone have never been 八、根据中文完成句子 题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 答案 for; years since difference would like; volunteer gave away ran out of 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $