专题08 阅读理解（期末专项训练）六年级英语下学期（沪教牛津版）

**基本信息** 聚焦六下英语阅读理解三大核心题型，构建“通用三步法+题型分类技巧”体系，以真题典例强化语言理解与逻辑分析能力，提升应试效能。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心解题方法|1套三步法|读句找线索→筛项定答案→验逻辑连贯|从通用策略到题型细分，形成解题闭环| |阅读选择|3篇Passage|细节题定位原文，关注时间/地点/动作等高频考点|以具体信息提取为主，培养精准定位能力| |阅读判断|3篇Passage|逐句比对原文，注意时间/数字等关键信息避坑|通过正误辨析提升文本理解与批判性思维| |任务型阅读|2篇综合题|填空抄原词、造句保语法，结合题干关键词作答|融合信息提取与语言表达，强化语法应用|

专项08 阅读理解 解题小技巧 本次专题聚焦六下英语阅读理解题型，覆盖阅读选择、阅读判断、任务型阅读三大核心类型，结合真题提炼简单实用的解题技巧与高频考点： 一、核心解题三步法 ❖ 读上下句找线索：看前后句的疑问词、回答内容、场景关键词，确定空句类型； ❖ 筛选项定答案：根据线索匹配选项，排除无关 / 多余项； ❖ 验对话顺逻辑：将答案代入，通读对话检查语意连贯、符合日常交流习惯。 二、高频考点 + 解题技巧（按题型分类） （一）阅读选择类 ❖ 技巧：细节题为主，题干问什么就在原文找什么，答案一般是原文原句 / 同义替换； ❖ 高频考：时间 / 地点 / 人物职业 / 具体动作 / 事物特征，直接定位原文对应信息秒选。 （二）阅读判断类（T/F） ❖ 技巧：逐句比对原文，与原文一致选 T，不一致 / 无提及 / 表述绝对选 F； ❖ 避坑：注意原文中的时间、数字、频率词（如 every day/on Monday），题干改一个词就选 F。 （三）任务型阅读类（填空 / 造句 / 回答） 1. 填空 / 回答问题 ❖ 技巧：直接在原文找题干关键词，抄原词 / 原句作答，注意主语三单（动词变三单）、时间格式（at...）； 2. 造句题 ❖ 技巧：严格按题干要求的句型 / 结构（如 Does...?/like doing...），结合原文信息造句， 01 解题小技巧 02【题型一】阅读选择 03【题型二】阅读判断 04【题型三】任务型阅读 回答好问题的同时要保证语法正确。 【题型一】阅读选择 （一） 阅读 Passage 1 Joe is my cousin. He is twelve years old now. He is 165 centimetres tall. He is taller than last year. He is also heavier. He weighed 45 kilograms last year, but now he is 50 kilograms. In the past, Joe used to walk to school. He liked playing with toys. He didn’t like reading books. Now he goes to school by bike. He enjoys reading storybooks. He often goes to the library after school.Joe wants to be a writer in the future. He will write many interesting stories for children. ( ) 1. How tall is Joe now? A. 156 cm B. 165 cm C. 175 cm ( ) 2. Joe was _________ last year than now. A. taller B. heavier C. lighter ( ) 3. Joe used to _________ to school. A. walk B. ride a bike C. take a bus ( ) 4. What does Joe like doing now? A. Playing with toys B. Reading storybooks C. Watching TV ( ) 5. What will Joe be in the future? A. A writer B. A teacher C. A doctor （二） 阅读 Passage 2 Last Saturday, the students in Grade Six had an Art and Crafts lesson. They wanted to make some useful things. Peter wanted to make a pen holder. He used an old can. He cut the can and painted it. It was beautiful.Lily loves drawing. She drew a Chinese ink painting. It was about some flowers. She used a brush and ink.All the students were happy. They will put their works in the classroom. Everyone will enjoy them. ( ) 1. When did the students have the lesson? A. Last Friday B. Last Saturday C. Last Sunday ( ) 2. What did Peter make? A. A vase B. A crown C. A pen holder ( ) 3. Peter used an old _________ to make it. A. can B. bottle C. box ( ) 4. What did Lily draw? A. An oil painting B. A Chinese ink painting C. A picture of a animal ( ) 5. Where will they put their works? A. In the library B. In the museum C. In the classroom （三） 阅读 Passage 3 Halloween is a Western festival. It is on 31st October. Children like this festival very much.On that day, children dress up as witches, monsters or heroes. They wear scary or funny clothes. They go from house to house and say “Trick or treat”. People usually give them candy or chocolate. Last Halloween, Tom was a strong giant. He was stronger than his friends. He got a lot of candy. He was very excited.Children always have a good time on this day. ( ) 1. When is Halloween? A. On 25th December B. On 31st October C. On the fourth Thursday in November ( ) 2. What do children say on Halloween? A. Happy New Year B. Merry Christmas C. Trick or treat ( ) 3. What did Tom dress up as last Halloween? A. A giant B. A witch C. A monster ( ) 4. Tom was _________ than his friends. A. thinner B. taller C. stronger ( ) 5. How did Tom feel? A. Tired B. Excited C. Sad 【题型二】阅读判断 （一） 阅读短文，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 Joe is my cousin. He is twelve years old. He is 165 centimetres tall this year. He is taller than last year. He is also heavier. He weighed 45 kilograms last year, but now he is 50 kilograms. In the past, Joe used to walk to school. He liked playing with toys. He didn’t like reading books. Now he goes to school by bike. He enjoys reading storybooks. He often goes to the library after school. Joe wants to be a writer in the future. He will write many interesting stories for children. ( ) 1. Joe is shorter than last year. ( ) 2. Joe is heavier this year than last year. ( ) 3. Joe used to ride a bike to school. ( ) 4. Joe likes reading storybooks now. ( ) 5. Joe wants to be a teacher in the future. （二） 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F) Last Saturday, the students in Grade Six had an Art and Crafts lesson. They wanted to make some useful things. Peter wanted to make a pen holder. He used an old can. He cut the can and painted it. It was beautiful. Lily loves drawing. She drew a Chinese ink painting. It was about some flowers. She used a brush and ink. All the students were happy. They will put their works in the classroom. Everyone will enjoy them. ( ) 1. The students had the lesson last Sunday. ( ) 2. Peter made a pen holder with an old can. ( ) 3. Lily drew an oil painting about animals. ( ) 4. Lily used a brush and ink for her painting. ( ) 5. They will put their works in the museum. （三） 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。 The Giant’s Garden is a famous English fairy tale. A giant has a beautiful garden. When he is away, children come to play there every afternoon. One day, the giant comes back. He is angry to see the children in his garden. He builds a tall wall around it. Now no children can play there. Spring does not come to the giant’s garden. It is always winter there. The giant feels very lonely and sad. He does not understand why. Then one morning, the children come back through a small hole in the wall. Spring comes back with them. The giant sees this and feels sorry. He breaks down the wall. From then on, the giant and the 5 children play happily in the garden every day. ( ) 1. The Giant’s Garden is a Chinese story. ( ) 2. Children like to play in the giant’s garden. ( ) 3. The giant builds a wall because he likes children. ( ) 4. Spring stays in the garden after the giant builds the wall. ( ) 5. At last, the giant becomes kind to children. 【题型三】任务型阅读 （一） 任务型阅读一 In the past, our school was small and old. There were only a few classrooms. There was no library or playground. Students went to school on foot every day. They had no online lessons. Now our school is big and beautiful. We have a big library, a modern playground and many new classrooms. We can have online lessons at home. We go to school by bike or by bus. In the future, our school will be better and better. Students will have a picnic every month. They will learn more things on the Internet. There will be more trees and flowers in our school. 一、根据短文内容填空，每空一词 1. Our school was ______ and old in the past. 2. There was no ______ or playground in the old school. 3. Students had ______ online lessons before. 4. Now students can have ______ lessons at home. 5. In the future, students will have a ______ every month. 二、根据短文回答问题 1. What is our school like now? ________________________________________________________ 2. Will there be more trees and flowers in the future school? ________________________________________________________ （二） Now many people throw away a lot of old things. In fact, we can reuse many of them. We can use an old can to make a pen holder. We can use an old bottle to make a vase. We also need to follow public signs in our life. We mustn’t swim in the river. We shouldn’t smoke in the library. We must look out when we walk on the road. It’s important to protect ourselves and keep our city clean. 一、根据短文内容填空，每空一词 1. Many people ______ away lots of old things now. 2. We can ______ many old things in our daily life. 3. We can make a pen holder with an old ______. 4. We mustn’t ______ in the river. 5. We should keep our city ______. 二、根据短文回答问题 1. What can we use an old bottle to make? ________________________________________________________ 2. What must we do when we walk on the road? ________________________________________________________ 参考答案及解析 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【题型一】 （一）1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文介绍了Joe过去与现在的变化，以及他未来的愿望。 1. 句意：Joe现在有多高？156 cm、165 cm、175 cm。根据文中“He is 165 centimetres tall.”可知，Joe现在身高165厘米，故选B。 2. 句意：Joe去年比现在______？taller更高的、heavier更重的、lighter更轻的。根据文中“He weighed 45 kilograms last year, but now he is 50 kilograms.”可知，Joe去年45公斤，现在50公斤，因此去年比现在更轻，故选C。 3. 句意：Joe过去常常______去上学？walk步行、ride a bike骑自行车、take a bus乘公交车。根据文中“In the past, Joe used to walk to school.”可知，Joe过去常常步行去上学，故选A。 4. 句意：Joe现在喜欢做什么？Playing with toys玩玩具、Reading storybooks读故事书、Watching TV看电视。根据文中“Now he goes to school by bike. He enjoys reading storybooks.”可知，Joe现在喜欢读故事书，故选B。 5. 句意：Joe将来想成为什么？A writer作家、A teacher老师、A doctor医生。根据文中“Joe wants to be a writer in the future.”可知，Joe将来想成为一名作家，故选A。 （二）1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一次美术手工课上，学生们制作手工艺品的活动。 1. 句意：学生们什么时候上的这节课？Last Friday上周五、Last Saturday上周六、Last Sunday上周日。根据文中“Last Saturday, the students in Grade Six had an Art and Crafts lesson.”可知，学生们上周六上的课，故选B。 2. 句意：Peter做了什么？A vase花瓶、A crown皇冠、A pen holder笔筒。根据文中“Peter wanted to make a pen holder.”可知，Peter做了一个笔筒，故选C。 3. 句意：Peter用一个旧的______来做它？can罐子、bottle瓶子、box盒子。根据文中“He used an old can.”可知，Peter用了一个旧罐子，故选A。 4. 句意：Lily画了什么？An oil painting油画、A Chinese ink painting中国水墨画、A picture of an animal动物画。根据文中“She drew a Chinese ink painting.”可知，Lily画了一幅中国水墨画，故选B。 5. 句意：他们会把作品放在哪里？In the library在图书馆、In the museum在博物馆、In the classroom在教室。根据文中“They will put their works in the classroom.”可知，他们会把作品放在教室里，故选C。 （三）1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了西方节日万圣节的习俗，以及Tom去年万圣节的经历。 1. 句意：万圣节是什么时候？On 25th December12月25日、On 31st October10月31日、On the fourth Thursday in November11月的第四个星期四。根据文中“Halloween is a Western festival. It is on 31st October.”可知，万圣节在10月31日，故选B。 2. 句意：孩子们在万圣节会说什么？Happy New Year新年快乐、Merry Christmas圣诞快乐、Trick or treat不给糖就捣蛋。根据文中“They go from house to house and say ‘Trick or treat’.”可知，孩子们会说“Trick or treat”，故选C。 3. 句意：Tom去年万圣节打扮成了什么？A giant巨人、A witch女巫、A monster怪物。根据文中“Last Halloween, Tom was a strong giant.”可知，Tom打扮成了一个巨人，故选A。 4. 句意：Tom比他的朋友们______？thinner更瘦的、taller更高的、stronger更强壮的。根据文中“He was stronger than his friends.”可知，Tom比他的朋友们更强壮，故选C。 5. 句意：Tom感觉怎么样？Tired疲惫的、Excited兴奋的、Sad难过的。根据文中“He got a lot of candy. He was very excited.”可知，Tom非常兴奋，故选B。 【题型二】 （一）1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 【导语】本本文介绍了Joe过去与现在的身高、体重、出行方式、爱好以及未来的理想。 1. 句意：乔比去年个子矮。解析：短文明确提到 He is taller than last year. 这句话说明他今年比去年更高，和题干表述相反，故答案为F。 2. 句意：乔今年比去年体重更重。解析：文中提到他去年体重45公斤，今年体重50公斤，体重明显增加，与题干说法一致，故答案为T。 3. 句意：乔过去常常骑自行车去上学。解析：原文 In the past, Joe used to walk to school. 表明他过去是步行上学，并不是骑自行车，题干表述错误，故答案为F。 4. 句意：乔现在喜欢读故事书。解析：根据文中 He enjoys reading storybooks. 能够确定他现在十分喜欢读故事书，句意与原文相符，故答案为T。 5. 句意：乔将来想要成为一名老师。解析：文中 Joe wants to be a writer in the future. 说明他未来想当作家，不是老师，题干说法错误，故答案为F。 （二）1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 【导语】本文讲述了六年级学生上周六上美术手工课，各自制作和创作作品的过程。 1. 句意：学生们上周日上了这节美术手工课。解析：短文开头 Last Saturday, the students in Grade Six had an Art and Crafts lesson. 说明上课时间是上周六，不是上周日，故答案为F。 2. 句意：彼得用一个旧易拉罐做了一个笔筒。解析：原文提到彼得想做笔筒，并且使用了旧易拉罐来制作，题干表述和原文内容完全一致，故答案为T。 3. 句意：莉莉画了一幅关于动物的油画。解析：文中写明莉莉画的是中国水墨画，内容是花朵，既不是油画，也不是动物题材，题干表述错误，故答案为F。 4. 句意：莉莉用画笔和墨水进行绘画创作。解析：根据原文 She used a brush and ink. 可知莉莉的作画工具就是画笔和墨水，句意符合原文，故答案为T。 5. 句意：他们将会把作品放在博物馆里。解析：短文最后说明他们会把作品放在教室里，并不是博物馆，题干说法不正确，故答案为F。 （三）1.F 2.T 3.F 4F 5.T 【导语】本文主要介绍了《巨人的花园》这个童话故事，讲述了巨人从自私到变得友善的变化过程。 1. 句意：《巨人的花园》是一个中国故事。根据文中“The Giant’s Garden is a famous English fairy tale.”可知这是一个英国童话故事，不是中国故事，故答案为F。 2. 句意：孩子们喜欢在巨人的花园里玩耍。根据文中“When he is away, children come to play there every afternoon.”可知孩子们每天下午都来花园玩耍，说明他们很喜欢这里，故答案为T。 3. 句意：巨人建墙是因为他喜欢孩子们。根据文中“He is angry to see the children in his garden. He builds a tall wall around it.”可知巨人建墙是因为生气，不想让孩子们进来，并不是因为喜欢他们，故答案为F。 4. 句意：巨人建墙后，春天还留在花园里。根据文中“Spring does not come to the giant’s garden. It is always winter there.”可知建墙后春天再也不来了，花园里一直是冬天，故答案为F。 5. 句意：最后，巨人对孩子们变得友善了。根据文中“The giant sees this and feels sorry. He breaks down the wall. From then on, the giant and the children play happily in the garden every day.”可知巨人拆掉了围墙，和孩子们一起快乐玩耍，说明他变得友善了，故答案为T。 【题型三】 （一）1. small; library; no; online; picnic 2. (1) It’s big and beautiful. (2) Yes, there will. 【导语】本文介绍了学校过去、现在与未来的变化。 1. (1) 句意：我们学校过去是______又旧的。由文中“In the past, our school was small and old.”可知学校过去又小又旧，故答案为small。 (2) 句意：旧学校里没有______或操场。由文中“There was no library or playground.”可知旧学校里没有图书馆和操场，故答案为library。 (3) 句意：学生们以前______线上课程。由文中“They had no online lessons.”可知过去没有线上课程，故答案为no。 (4) 句意：现在学生们可以在家上______课程。由文中“We can have online lessons at home.”可知现在可以在家上线上课，故答案为online。 (5) 句意：将来，学生们每个月会有一次______。由文中“Students will have a picnic every month.”可知学生每个月会有一次野餐，故答案为picnic。 2. (1) 句意：我们现在的学校是什么样的？根据原文“Now our school is big and beautiful.”可知学校现在又大又漂亮，回答时主语用It指代学校，故答案为It’s big and beautiful. (2) 句意：未来学校里会有更多的树和花吗？根据原文“There will be more trees and flowers in our school.”可知未来会有更多树和花，回答用一般将来时的肯定形式，故答案为Yes, there will.（二）1. throw; reuse; can; swim; clean 2. (1) We can make a vase. (2) We must look out. 【导语】本文介绍了旧物品的再利用方法以及生活中需要遵守的公共标识规则。 1. (1) 句意：现在很多人______很多旧东西。由文中“Now many people throw away a lot of old things.”可知很多人会扔掉旧东西，故答案为throw。 (2) 句意：我们在日常生活中可以______很多旧东西。由文中“In fact, we can reuse many of them.”可知我们可以重复利用旧东西，故答案为reuse。 (3) 句意：我们可以用旧的______做一个笔筒。由文中“We can use an old can to make a pen holder.”可知旧罐子可以做笔筒，故答案为can。 (4) 句意：我们不能在河里______。由文中“We mustn’t swim in the river.”可知不能在河里游泳，故答案为swim。 (5) 句意：我们应该保持城市______。由文中“keep our city clean.”可知我们要保持城市干净，故答案为clean。 2. (1) 句意：我们可以用旧瓶子做什么？根据原文“We can use an old bottle to make a vase.”可知旧瓶子可以做花瓶，故答案为We can make a vase. (2) 句意：我们在路上行走时必须做什么？根据原文“We must look out when we walk on the road.”可知走路时要小心，故答案为We must look out. $