精品解析：广东省东莞市大岭山中学三校联考2025-2026学年度第二学期期中考试高一英语试题

2025-2026学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语 说明：本试题共8页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分） 每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，每段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项。听第一段对话，回答第1-2题。 1．What are the speakers talking about? A．A good way to recycle. B．The new laws on recycling. C．An economical way to drink coffee. 2．How much extra will a person pay when buying a cup of coffee? A．5 cents. B．50 cents. C．5 dollars. 听第二段对话，回答第3-5题。 3．What is wrong with the man? A．He doesn't have a thermometer. B．He has a fever. C．He has high blood pressure. 4．What does the man ask the woman to bring him? A．A bottle of water. B．A thermometer. C．A bed control. 5．What do we know about the man from the conversation? A．He should drink more water. B．He just had an operation. C．He needs to see a doctor immediately. 第二节 听取信息（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 听下面一段材料。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入标号为6-10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有60秒的作答时间。 Food in America Traditionally America is famous for the diet of meat and 6．________ Nowadays Ethnic restaurants and 7．________ are common and various. There are restaurants serving international 8．________ in large American cities. There are also ethnic restaurants in some cities where you can 9．________ from all over the world. Fast-food restaurants are expanding rapidly in America because 10．________ is very important. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（每小题2.5分，共15小题，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Rob Hill Campground Located in the Presidio park of San Francisco, Rob Hill Campground is the city’s only overnight camping spot. Sitting on a hilltop, it offers breathtaking views of Baker Beach and the vast Pacific Ocean. Just a 15-minute drive from downtown, this unique site combines city convenience with natural beauty. Facilities ·Two Group Campsites: Each can accommodate up to 30 people, featuring a fire pit, barbecue grills, picnic tables, and storage lockers. ·Modern Amenities: Well-lit restrooms (no showers), paved pathways for easy access, and a building for education programs. ·Special note: the Great Room and Fire Circle are reserved for education programs only. Please do not disturb the groups using these spaces. Reservations ·Cost: $125 per site per night (military families pay $75 with ID). ·Booking Steps: 1. Download the form from the Presidio Trust website. 2. Email it to camp@presidiotrust.gov with payment details. 3. Wait 3 working days for confirmation. ·Stay Limit: Maximum 3 nights. Rules & Restrictions ·Quiet Hours: No noise from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M. ·No Pets: Except guide dogs. ·Vehicle Rules: ·Four free parking passes per site; extra cars pay at nearby lots. ·Camper trucks and recreational vehicles (RVs) are not allowed. ·Fire Safety: Use provided grills; avoid burning wood during air quality alerts. For more information, visit the Presidio Trust website or call the Presidio Visitor Center at (415) 561-4323. 1. What makes Rob Hill Campground unique in San Francisco? A. It allows RVs and camper trucks. B. It offers the cheapest camping near the city. C. It provides free firewood for all campers. D. It’s the only overnight camping option within city limits. 2. How much does a military family pay for two nights? A. $75. B. $150. C. $250. D. $300. 3. Which activity is prohibited at the campground? A. Using a grill during the day. B. Playing loud music at 10:30 PM. C. Staying for three nights with a reservation. D. Bringing a guide dog for a camper with vision loss. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了旧金山Rob Hill露营地的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Located in the Presidio park of San Francisco, Rob Hill Campground is the city’s only overnight camping spot.(Rob Hill露营地位于旧金山的Presidio公园，是该城市唯一的过夜露营地)”可知，Rob Hill露营地的独特之处在于它是旧金山内唯一的过夜露营地，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reservations部分中“Cost: $125 per site per night (military families pay $75 with ID).(费用：每个地点每晚125美元（军人家庭凭身份证支付75美元）)”可知，军人家庭每晚75美元，两晚应支付150美元，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Vehicle Rules部分中“Quiet Hours: No noise from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.(安静时间：晚上10点到早上6点没有噪音)”可知，晚上10:00后是安静时间，故B项“晚上十点半大声放音乐”是不允许的，故选B。 B Fraser Doherty was only 14 when he started making jam(果酱).There had always been a special way of making jam in the Doherty family. One day his grandmother told Fraser the secret and, with her help, he began to invent his own unusual jam, all called SuperJam. The jam was good because soon Fraser was making it and selling it to his friends and neighbors after school. Within four years he produced 1,000 tins of jam a week from his parents’ home in Edinburgh, Scotland. In 2007, when he was just 17, he won an order to produce 120,000 tins of jam a week for a big British supermarket(超市).That meant that he needed to start producing jam in a factory, not at home. When Fraser was 18 he studied business at Strathclyde University in Glasgow. He hoped that his business would grow and if it did, he could sell jam to other supermarkets. Things went really well. At the age of 24 he was already a millionaire(百万富翁). Today he sells jam to over 2,000 supermarkets around the world, from Australia to Russia! Traditional jam contains often 80 percent sugar, but Mr. Doherty, whose company is called SuperJam, has created a healthy choice. He uses only fruit and fruit juice, not sugar. He wanted to make jam as healthy as possible, and take the place of the traditionally unhealthy jam with a “super jam”. “It was quite surprising to change a product that people have made the same way for hundreds of years, but I wanted to add a new way.” A food researcher said, “Fraser has taken an old product and he has made it young, exciting and modern.” 4. When did Fraser begin to do business? A. At age 24. B. At age 18. C. At age 17. D. At age 14. 5. What does the underlined part “it did” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. He left the university. B. His business went well. C. He invented more jams. D. His company was founded. 6. What is the biggest difference between SuperJam and the traditional jam? A. SuperJam sells better. B. Traditional jam tastes worse. C. Traditional jam is all made of sugar. D. SuperJam is made of fruit and fruit juice. 7. Which of the following can best describe Fraser? A. Kind-hearted B. Honest. C. Creative. D. Strong-willed. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了青年企业家Fraser用祖母的配方加上自己的努力，成功地发明了健康的果酱，受到了人们的喜爱。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Fraser Doherty was only 14 when he started making jam(果酱).(Fraser Doherty开始制作果酱时只有14岁。)”可知，他14岁的时候发明了这款果酱；再根据第二段“The jam was good because soon Fraser was making it and selling it to his friends and neighbors after school. (这种果酱很好，Fraser很快就做了出来，放学后卖给他的朋友和邻居。)”可知，发明出这种果酱后他就开始出售给朋友和邻居。所以，他开始做生意的时候是14岁。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词前一句“He hoped that his business would grow (他希望他的生意能发展起来)”以及下一句“he could sell jam to other supermarkets. (他就可以把果酱卖给其他超市。)”可知，这里的“if it did”中的“it did”指的是上文提到的生意发展起来的意思。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Traditional jam contains often 80 percent sugar, but Mr. Doherty, whose company is called SuperJam, has created a healthy choice. (传统果酱通常含有80%的糖，但Doherty先生，他的公司名为SuperJam，创造了一种健康的选择。他只用水果和果汁，不加糖。)”可知，传统的果酱有80%的糖，而SuperJam的果酱中只有水果和果汁。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“One day his grandmother told Fraser the secret and, with her help, he began to invent his own unusual jam, all called SuperJam.(有一天，他的祖母告诉了Fraser这个秘密，在她的帮助下，Fraser开始发明自己不寻常的果酱，被称为SuperJam。)”以及最后一段“He wanted to make jam as healthy as possible, and take the place of the traditionally unhealthy jam with a “super jam”. (他想让果酱尽可能健康，用一种“超级果酱”取代传统的不健康果酱。)”以及“A food researcher said, “Fraser has taken an old product and he has made it young, exciting and modern.”(一位食品研究人员说：“Fraser把一种古老的产品变得年轻、令人兴奋和现代。”)”可推断，Fraser是一个极具创造力的人。故选C。 C Learning a new language can be a big challenge at any age; however, it seems to be especially difficult to master a foreign tongue as we age. When we are growing up, we are building a language system in our mind, which allows us to communicate freely. If we start a new language after youth, however, we are adding a new set of rules to our mind. That is why we find it difficult to learn a new language — we’re building a new speech system when we are not young any more. Why is it easier for kids to learn a new language? Children are relatively more active, open-minded and their language system is not fixed, meaning it is less work for them to pick up new things. The good news is that learning a language isn’t really that hard if you’re opening your mind. But it does take hard work and motivation to achieve your goals. It’s important to remember what you’re actually learning is how to communicate in a new way with other human beings. If you often share your daily experience with others in that language, what you’re learning is related to you. For example, if I’m learning Italian, I would never remember how to say “Dove è la biblioteca?” or “Where is the library?” but I will always remember how to say “Ti piace il caffe?” or “Do you like some coffee?” In addition, TV shows, films and video games in foreign languages are all great forms of entertainment for learning a new language. Anything that relates you to the language and culture is great, so long as you find it enjoyable. Adding a single new word to your vocabulary can be interesting and rewarding. The road to fluency can be hard, but the view along the way is really amazing, so it’s OK if you are driving slowly. 8. What affects language learning according to the first two paragraphs? A. Money. B. Age. C. Mind. D. Work. 9. What can we infer about language learning from paragraph 2? A. Adults can pick up new things quickly. B. Children have a fixed language system. C. Adults find the new rules easy to remember. D. Children outrun adults in language learning. 10. What is helpful for learning a language according to paragraphs 4 and 5? A. Using it in daily life. B. Playing video games. C. Going to the library. D. Taking down its rules. 11. What may be the best title for the passage? A. How to Build up Your Vocabulary? B. Language Learning: Chance or Challenge? C. Why do Children Learn Faster Than Adults? D. Is It too Late to Master a Foreign Language? 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要探讨了年龄对语言学习的影响，以及成年人学习新语言的挑战与方法，并给出了积极的学习建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Learning a new language can be a big challenge at any age; however, it seems to be especially difficult to master a foreign tongue as we age. (在任何年龄学习一门新语言都可能是一个巨大的挑战；然而，随着年龄增长，掌握一门外语似乎变得尤其困难。)”和第二段最后一句“Children are relatively more active, open-minded and their language system is not fixed, meaning it is less work for them to pick up new things. (儿童相对更活跃、思想更开放，他们的语言系统尚未固定，这意味着他们学习新事物更容易。)”可知，前两段主要围绕年龄对语言学习的影响展开，指出年龄越大学习越困难，儿童学习更容易。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“If we start a new language after youth, however, we are adding a new set of rules to our mind. That is why we find it difficult to learn a new language — we’re building a new speech system when we are not young any more. (然而，如果我们在青年时期之后开始学习一门新语言，我们是在向大脑中添加一套新规则。这就是为什么我们觉得学习一门新语言很困难——我们是在不再年轻的时候构建一个新的语言系统。)”以及最后一句“Children are relatively more active, open-minded and their language system is not fixed, meaning it is less work for them to pick up new things. (儿童相对更活跃、思想更开放，他们的语言系统尚未固定，这意味着他们学习新事物更容易。)”可知，成年人因为语言系统已固定、需要构建新系统而学习困难，儿童因为系统未固定而学习更容易，由此可推知儿童在语言学习方面比成年人更有优势。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“If you often share your daily experience with others in that language, what you’re learning is related to you. (如果你经常用那种语言与他人分享你的日常经历，那么你所学的就与你自身相关。)”可知，在日常生活中使用所学语言与他人交流，能够使学习内容与自身产生关联，有助于语言学习。因此在生活中使用语言对于学习语言是有帮助的。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段提出随着年龄增长掌握外语变得困难，第二段解释年龄影响语言学习的原因，第三至五段给出学习建议和积极态度，最后一段鼓励学习者在学习语言时放慢脚步也能欣赏沿途风景。全文围绕“年龄大了再学外语是否太晚”这一核心问题展开讨论，既承认困难也给出希望。选项D“Is it too Late to Master a Foreign Language? (掌握一门外语是否为时已晚？)”准确地概括了文章的主旨，适合用作标题。 D The pressure of a watching audience can have positive or negative effects on human performance, and it turns out the same is true of our closest relatives. Christen Lin at Kyoto University, Japan, and his colleagues tested a group of six chimps (黑猩猩) on three numerical tasks with different difficulty. In the first task, the numbers 1 to 5 appeared on a screen in different locations and the chimps simply had to touch the numbers in the correct order to get a food reward (奖赏). In the second task, the chimps had to press non-adjacent numbers (like 1,3,5,7,11,15) from smallest to largest for a reward. Finally, in the hardest test, when the first number was pressed, the rest of the numbers went dark on the screen. This meant the chimps had to remember the location of the numbers in order to press them in the correct order. The chimps were tested on the tasks thousands of times over a six-year period with different audiences — from one to eight human observers. When the task was easy, the chimps performed worse when there were more people watching. But on the most difficult task, all six of the chimps did better as the size of the audience grew. “It was very surprising to find a great increase in performance as human observer numbers increased, because we might expect more humans being present to be more distracting (分心的),” says Lin. “For the easiest task, the humans may be distracting to them, but for the most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a stressor that actually drives them to perform better.” Miguel Llorente at the University of Girona, Spain, suggests further studies could be about how the audience effect is related to chimps’ individual personalities. “It would also be interesting to study these effects with chimp audiences to understand more fully how these interactions play out in a natural social context,” he says. 12. What is a unique challenge to the chimps in the third task? A. Number ordering. B. Location memory. C. Audience pressure. D. Reward system 13. In what situation did the chimps perform the best? A. During task 3 with 8 observers. B. During task 1 with 7 observers C. During task 3 with 1 observer. D. During task 1 with 8 observers. 14. What can we learn from Lin’s words about the humans in difficult tasks? A. They may reduce task pressure. B. They may serve as a driving force. C. They may break concentration. D. They may offer task guidance. 15. What does Llorente suggest studying about the audience effect? A. Its relation with human presence. B. Its influence on human personalities. C. Its relation with chimps’ personalities. D. Its influence on chimps’ memory. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对黑猩猩研究发现观众的压力会对人的表现产生积极或消极的影响，并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Finally, in the hardest test, when the first number was pressed, the rest of the numbers went dark on the screen. This meant the chimps had to remember the location of the numbers in order to press them in the correct order.(最后，在最难的测试中，当第一个数字被按下时，屏幕上其余的数字都变黑了。这意味着黑猩猩必须记住数字的位置，以便按正确的顺序按下它们)”可知，在第三个任务中，黑猩猩面临的独特挑战是位置记忆。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“When the task was easy, the chimps performed worse when there were more people watching. But on the most difficult task, all six of the chimps did better as the size of the audience grew.(当任务很简单时，当有更多的人观看时，黑猩猩表现得更差。但在最困难的任务中，随着观众人数的增加，所有6只黑猩猩都表现得更好)”可推知，任务3最难，故推测，黑猩猩在任务3中，有8名观察员情况下表现最好。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“For the easiest task, the humans may be distracting to them, but for the most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a stressor that actually drives them to perform better.(对于最简单的任务，人类可能会分散它们的注意力，但对于最困难的任务，人类可能是一种压力源，实际上会促使它们表现得更好)”可知，困难任务对人类可能是一种推动力。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Miguel Llorente at the University of Girona, Spain, suggests further studies could be about how the audience effect is related to chimps’ individual personalities.(西班牙赫罗纳大学的米格尔·略伦特建议，进一步的研究可能是关于观众效应与黑猩猩的个性之间的关系)”可知，他建议研究观众效应与黑猩猩性格的关系。故选C。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Learning New Technology We live in a very exciting time. However, with such a wealth of resources, the options of learning new technology can be very difficult. ____16____. What to learn The first step, when picking up a new skill, is to determine what to learn. ____17____. It's important to have this strong inclination, as it will provide you with the necessary fuel. Once you decide what to learn, reviewing what others have done will give you confidence that you, too, can do it! ____18____ As you explore deeper into the pool of knowledge, you will want to add other forms of in-formation. I encourage you to browse through iTunes U. ____19____. You can listen to and watch what you are learning. This is particularly helpful for those who prefer an academic setting. Besides, there are a handful of websites that offer online education these days. Time for action ____20____. Okay, you've read countless tutorials, watched videos, and have a better understanding of the technology that you've been hoping to learn. What now? Well, it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Eventually, the best way to learn is by doing. Pick a personal project that you can build using this new technology. A. Learn to share B. Listen and watch C. The best way to learn is by doing D. I suggest you keep away from your phones E. This could be anything you are interested in F. It offers complete classes on a variety of topics G. The following tips can help you start your learning 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们生活在一个非常激动人心的时代。然而，有了如此丰富的资源，学习新技术的选择可能非常困难。文章主要介绍了一些有助于开始学习的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“We live in a very exciting time. However, with such a wealth of resources, the options of learning new technology can be very difficult.(我们生活在一个非常激动人心的时代。然而，有了如此丰富的资源，学习新技术的选择可能非常困难)”结合后文介绍了学习的建议，故G选项“以下建议可以帮助你开始学习”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The first step, when picking up a new skill, is to determine what to learn.(学习新技能的第一步是确定要学习什么)”以及后文“It's important to have this strong inclination, as it will provide you with the necessary fuel.(有这种强烈的倾向是很重要的，因为它会为你提供必要的动力)”可知，上文提到确定要学习什么，后文则说可以提供必要动力，可知本句是在说明这种提供动力的东西是什么，E选项中anything you are interested in对应后文中it。故E选项“这可能是你感兴趣的任何东西”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据本段内容“You can listen to and watch what you are learning.(你可以听和看你正在学习什么)”可知，本段介绍的方法是通过听和看来学习。故B选项“听和看”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“As you explore deeper into the pool of knowledge, you will want to add other forms of in-formation. I encourage you to browse through iTunes U.(随着你对知识的探索越来越深入，你会想要添加其他形式的信息。 我鼓励你们浏览iTunes U)”可知，上文提到了浏览iTunes U，可知本句应承接上文说明iTunes U的作用。F选项中it指代上文iTunes U。故F选项“它提供了关于各种主题的完整课程”符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Okay, you've read countless tutorials, watched videos, and have a better understanding of the technology that you've been hoping to learn. What now? Well, it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Eventually, the best way to learn is by doing. Pick a personal project that you can build using this new technology.(好吧，你已经阅读了无数的教程，观看了视频，对你一直希望学习的技术有了更好的理解。现在该做什么？是时候测试一下你的知识了。最终，最好的学习方法是通过实践。选择一个您可以使用这种新技术构建的个人项目)”可知，本段介绍的学习方法是实践，C选项The best way to learn is by doing对应后文中the best way to learn is by doing。故C选项“最好的学习方法是实践”符合语境，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 They were gathering at the starting line — runners of all ages, shapes and sizes — preparing for the first 5K of the spring season. I knew this because I had ____21____ at the park's public restroom on my way to buy donuts and ____22____ the huge banner (横幅) announcing the race. For some reason, I decided to sit on the grass and watch the race begin. I was ____23____ by the diversity I saw. There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies strapped (捆) to their ____24____, and dads followed by their young sons and daughters. ____25____ were happening everywhere before the officials ____26____ for the start. Everyone looked glad to be there — proud, ____27____. I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm. The idea of running for any reason ____28____ chasing down (追) an ice-cream truck had ____29____ been attractive to me. As the runners took their places, I heard ____30____ from the bleachers (看台). “Go, Barbara! You got this, Mama!” “Grandpa, we love you! We're so proud of you.” I decided to stay and watch. For some reason, the race became a study in human nature. I was attracted by the ____31____. Who would cross line first? How long had that person been ____32____? When did he or she become devoted to the sport? For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat. I didn't stop for donuts that day, I can't tell you ____33____ why. I can tell you that something transformative (转变的) ____34____ that race day. Now when I stop at the park to use the public restroom, I also run the quarter-mile track. Someday, I hope to hear my family's voices coming from those bleachers when they see Granny ____35____ the finish line. 21. A. stopped B. aimed C. stared D. arrived 22. A. inspired B. explored C. updated D. noticed 23. A. upset B. puzzled C. decorated D. fascinated 24. A. arms B. legs C. backs D. hands 25. A. high-fives B. push-ups C. thumb-ups D. sit-ups 26. A. marched B. searched C. signaled D. gathered 27. A. for free B. in short C. for example D. in fact 28. A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. less than 29. A. never B. somehow C. always D. forever 30. A. charging B. cheering C. laughing D. greeting 31. A. achievement B. custom C. excitement D. company 32. A. running B. functioning C. surrounding D. clapping 33. A. typically B. particularly C. frankly D. exactly 34. A. broke away B. took place C. went through D. faded away 35. A. cross B. ensure C. respect D. press 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】作者途中偶遇一场春季5K跑步赛事，原本打算去买甜甜圈，却被参赛人群的多样与热情深深吸引，内心受到触动，从此也开始坚持跑步，期盼未来自己也能站上赛场、冲过终点线。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：我知道这场比赛，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上，在公园的公共洗手间停了下来，并且留意到了宣传这场比赛的巨大横幅。A. stopped停下；B. aimed旨在；C. stared凝视；D. arrived到达。根据上文“They were gathering at the starting line”和“preparing for the first 5K of the spring season”赛事场景，以及下文“on my way to buy donuts”可知，作者半路停下脚步，才有机会发现这场赛事。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：我知道这场比赛，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上，在公园的公共洗手间停了下来，并且留意到了宣传这场比赛的巨大横幅。A. inspired激励；B. explored探索；C. updated更新；D. noticed注意到。根据上文“at the park's public restroom”和下文“the huge banner announcing the race”可知，他无意间注意到了赛事横幅。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我被眼前形形色色的人群深深吸引。A. upset沮丧的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. decorated装饰的；D. fascinated着迷的。根据下文“There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies”和“and dads followed by their young sons and daughters”列举各类参赛人群的描写，以及上文“I decided to sit on the grass and watch the race begin”作者决定坐下来看比赛可知，多样的参赛者让作者心生好感、为之着迷。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：有青少年、老奶奶，还有把宝宝捆在背上的妈妈们。A. arms手臂；B. legs腿；C. backs后背；D. hands手。结合生活常识与上文“preparing for the first 5K”跑步赛事场景可知，人们外出运动时，为了方便跑步，常把孩子背在身后。 【25题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：在工作人员示意比赛开始之前，到处都有人互相击掌打气。A. high-fives击掌；B. push-ups俯卧撑；C. thumb-ups竖大拇指；D. sit-ups仰卧起坐。根据下文“before the officials for the start”赛前场景，以及“Everyone looked glad to be there”众人开心的状态可知，选手们互相击掌加油鼓劲，营造出热闹的氛围。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：在工作人员示意比赛开始之前，到处都有人互相击掌打气。A. marched行进；B. searched搜寻；C. signaled发信号示意；D. gathered聚集。结合上文“preparing for the first 5K of the spring season”赛事准备场景，以及赛事流程常识可知，工作人员会发出信号宣告比赛开启。 【27题详解】 考查短语。句意：在场的每个人看起来都满心欢喜，事实上满是自豪。A. for free免费；B. in short总之；C. for example例如；D. in fact事实上。根据上文“Everyone looked glad to be there — proud”众人表面开心的状态，以及下文“I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm”作者好奇众人的热情可知，此处是进一步补充说明众人的真实心情——事实上满是自豪。 【28题详解】 考查短语。句意：除了追着冰淇淋车跑之外，其余任何跑步的理由从来都吸引不了我。A. more than多于；B. other than除……之外；C. rather than而不是；D. less than少于。根据下文“I decided to stay and watch”作者原本不爱跑步，却被赛事吸引，以及“donuts took a back seat”甜甜圈不再是首要选择可知，只有追冰淇淋车这种情况除外，其他跑步理由都吸引不了他。 【29题详解】 考查副词。句意：除了追着冰淇淋车跑之外，其余任何跑步的理由从来都吸引不了我。A. never从未；B. somehow不知为何；C. always总是；D. forever永远。根据下文“For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat”作者第一次被跑步相关的事物吸引可知，此前跑步这件事从来无法吸引作者。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：选手们各就各位时，我听到看台上传来阵阵欢呼声。A. charging冲锋；B. cheering欢呼；C. laughing大笑；D. greeting问候。根据下文“Go, Barbara! You got this, Mama!”和“Grandpa, we love you! We're so proud of you.”看台众人喊话加油的内容可知，现场满是为选手助威的呼喊声。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：我被现场热烈激动的氛围深深打动。A. achievement成就；B. custom习俗；C. excitement激动热烈的氛围；D. company陪伴。根据上文“ from the bleachers”看台的欢呼声，以及“everyone looked glad to be there — proud”众人高涨的情绪可知，作者沉浸在赛场这份热烈的氛围之中。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：那个人坚持跑步多久了？A. running跑步；B. functioning运转；C. surrounding包围；D. clapping鼓掌。根据全文围绕“the first 5K of the spring season”跑步赛事展开，以及下文“when did he or she become devoted to the sport”询问对方何时投身这项运动可知，此处是询问对方坚持跑步的时长。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：那天我最终没有去买甜甜圈，我也说不出确切的缘由。A. typically典型地；B. particularly尤其；C. frankly坦白地；D. exactly确切地。根据上文“For some reason, I decided to sit on the grass and watch the race begin”作者莫名决定坐下来看比赛，以及下文“I can tell you that something transformative that race day”可知，只知晓内心受到触动，却说不清具体原因可知，此处表示无法精准说明没买甜甜圈的缘由。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：但我清楚，在比赛那天，有一场改变自我的事情发生了。A. broke away脱离；B. took place发生；C. went through经历；D. faded away逐渐消失。根据下文“Now when I stop at the park to use the public restroom, I also run the quarter-mile track”可知，作者从此开始坚持跑步，心态与生活习惯发生转变。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：我期盼有一天，家人能在看台上看着我这位老奶奶冲过终点线。A. cross穿过；B. ensure确保；C. respect尊重；D. press按压。结合上文“the first 5K of the spring season”跑步赛事场景，以及固定搭配“cross the finish line”表示“冲过终点线”可知，此处指作者期盼自己能冲过终点。 第二节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在括号为46-57的相应位置上。 36. With a notebook, you can easily keep track ________ important points.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：带上笔记本，你就能轻松记下重点内容。keep track of为固定搭配，意为“记录，追踪”，空处需填介词of。 37. Some scientists were determined to help humans make________ (they) dream to explore space come true. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】their 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：一些科学家决心帮助人类实现他们探索太空的梦想。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词dream，“they”的形容词性物主代词形式为“their”，意为“他们的”。故填their。 38. ________ (surround) by so many strangers, the young man felt too nervous to speak a word. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Surrounded 【解析】 【详解】句意：被众多陌生人包围着，这个年轻人紧张得一句话都说不出来。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the young man和surround为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式surrounded，句首字母需大写。 39. Parents are ________ (legal) responsible for their children’s safety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】legally 【解析】 【详解】句意：父母在法律层面上对子女的安全负有责任。空处修饰形容词responsible，需填副词legally，作状语。 40. We should attach great importance to the climate change, which is ________ universal problem. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该高度重视气候变化，这是一个普遍性问题。空后为可数名词problem的单数形式，此处表示泛指，空处应填入不定冠词，universal以辅音音素开头，应用a。 41. I offer you my sincere ________ (congratulate) on your success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】congratulations 【解析】 【详解】句意：我对你的成功致以真诚的祝贺。空处应填入名词，作offer的直接宾语，congratulate的名词形式为congratulation，此时应用其复数形式congratulations，意为“道贺，恭喜”。 42. We think ________ important that everyone should be punctual. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们认为人人都应该守时，这一点很重要。think it+adj.+that...为固定句型，it为形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句是真正的宾语。 43. She explained the rules clearly, enabling everyone ________ (understand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to understand 【解析】 【详解】句意：她把规则讲解得很清楚，让所有人都能明白。enable sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。 44. Though he ________ (punish) for being late yesterday, he was late for school again this morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was punished 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管他昨天因为迟到受到了惩罚，今天早上他上学又迟到了。主语he与动词punish之间为被动关系，且时间状语yesterday表明动作发生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态was punished。 45. Their primary school teachers and their lessons ________ they were fond of influenced their lives. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们喜欢的小学老师和课程影响了他们的生活。先行词是teachers and their lessons，既有人也有事物，在定语从句中作fond of的宾语，只能用关系代词that。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节 句子考查（共10小题；56~61小题，每空0.5分，62~64每小题3分，满分17.5分） 根据以下各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。 46. The restaurant offers a variety of dishes, _______ ________ Chinese food _______ (包括从……到……之间) Western food. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. ranging ②. from ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家餐厅提供各种各样的菜肴，从中餐到西餐。“包括从……到……之间”为“range from to”,空处为非谓语动词，与a variety of dishes为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填ranging；from；to。 47. ________ ________ ________ (除了) his homework, he also helps his mom with housework every day. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. In ②. addition ③. to 【解析】 【详解】句意：除了做家庭作业之外，他每天还帮妈妈做家务。根据汉语提示“除了”可知，使用介词短语in addition to，其中to为介词，后接名词短语his homework作介词宾语，in在句首，首字母大写。 48. After months of failed experiments, the research team was close to giving up ________ ________ (处于绝望中). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. despair 【解析】 【详解】句意：经过数月的实验失败，这个研究小组几乎要在绝望中放弃了。表示“处于绝望中”，用固定搭配in despair，作状语。 49. The other kids used to ________ ________ ________ (取笑) his thick glasses, which made him upset. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. make ②. fun ③. of 【解析】 【详解】句意：其他孩子过去常常取笑他的厚眼镜，这让他非常难过。表示“取笑”用动词短语make fun of，used to后接动词原形。 50. Frankly speaking, I made a mistake in my last composition. (同义句转换) →________ ________ ________, I made a mistake in my last composition. 【答案】 ①. To ②. be ③. frank##honest 【解析】 【详解】句意：坦白说，我在上一篇作文里犯了一个错误。原句的Frankly speaking意思为“坦白地说、老实讲”，符合三个空要求的同义短语为To be frank或To be honest。 51. Although he failed many times, he never gave up his dream. (句型转换) →________ ________ ________ many failures, he never gave up his dream. 【答案】 ①. In ②. spite ③. of 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管经历了多次失败，他从未放弃过自己的梦想。原句中连词Although引导让步状语从句。句首表示“尽管”，用介词短语In spite of，后接名词短语； 52. The organization has taken effective steps to protect the wild animals.（用被动语态改写） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Effective steps have been taken (by the organization) to protect the wild animals. 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：为了保护野生动物，该组织已经采取了有效措施。原句为主动语态，主语为The organization，谓语为has taken，宾语为effective steps，现在要求用被动语态改写句子，那么句子主语应改为原句的宾语effective steps，谓语部分需用have been taken，原句主语The organization在被动语态中可以省略或用介词by引出，即by the organization。故答案是Effective steps have been taken (by the organization) to protect the wild animals. 53. The girl is my cousin. She is reading a storybook in the classroom. (用V-ing作定语合并句子) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The girl reading a storybook in the classroom is my cousin. 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个女孩是我的堂妹。她正在教室里看故事书。将第二个句子改变成后置定语，修饰名词the girl，read和the girl为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词短语reading a storybook in the classroom作后置定语。 54. 请记住，你懂的语言越多，你得到的机会就会更多。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Please keep in mind that the more languages you understand, the more chances you will get. 【解析】 【详解】表示“请记住”应用please keep in mind that...，此处是祈使句，使用动词原形，that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，也没有含义；表示“越……，就越……”应用固定句型“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”，该句型遵循“主将从现”规则：前半句表前提条件，用一般现在时，后半句表将来的结果，用一般将来时；表示“你懂的语言越多”应用the more languages you understand；表示“你得到的机会就会更多”应用the more chances you will get。 第二节 读后续写 55. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In high school, many students may encounter difficulties in their studies, and so did I. Sometimes, I would become very confused. Math problems that seemed to be impossible to solve, puzzling grammar in English, and difficult historical events all made me feel at a loss. I didn’t know where to start or how to improve. Moreover, the fierce competition among classmates also added to my anxiety. Seeing others doing well, I couldn’t help but question myself, wondering if I was working hard enough. This sense of uncertainty made me doubt my abilities and future. I was losing patience and drive. One sunny day, as I was sitting in the classroom feeling a bit bored, my teacher came in and announced that we would have a special project — to plant a tree in the schoolyard. I was excited at the thought of getting outside and doing something different. I went outside and started digging the hole for the tree. I worked hard, feeling the dirt on my hands and the sweat on my forehead. As I was working, a classmate, Mary, came over and said, “Hey, you’re really putting a lot of effort into this!” I smiled and replied, “Yeah, I want this tree to grow strong. It feels like we’re doing something meaningful.” Mary nodded in agreement, “Definitely. And it’s amazing to think about how we’re all part of this process of growth.” As the weeks passed, I would visit the tree often, observing the little tree as it faced many challenges, including harsh weather and strong winds. But each time, it overcame them and continued to grow taller and stronger, providing shade and shelter for us. Its journey in the wind and rain was a test of its perseverance (坚持) and growth. It made me wonder whether I could be like the tree, growing and changing. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 One day, as I stood by a tree lost in thought, my teacher approached me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Reflecting on it now, I realize this conversation was a turning point in my life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 One day, as I stood by the tree lost in thought, my teacher approached me. She asked, “What are you thinking about?” I explained my realization about the tree and how it mirrored my struggles. My teacher smiled warmly and said, “That’s exactly right. Just like the tree, you will face challenges, but you must keep growing. You need to persevere, adapt, and find strength within yourself. Remember, every difficulty you overcome makes you stronger.” Her words impressed me deeply, and I felt a renewed sense of determination. I decided then and there to approach my studies with the same persistence as the tree. Reflecting on it now, I realize this conversation was a turning point in my life. Inspired by the tree’s growth and my teacher’s encouragement, I began to tackle my academic challenges . Slowly but surely, I noticed improvements in my grades. More importantly, I learned to consider challenges as opportunities for growth. This shift in mindset not only helped me academically but also taught me a lifelong lesson about the power of perseverance and the beauty of continuous learning. Whenever I face obstacles now, I remember the tree and the wisdom it taught me, reminding me that with patience and determination, I can overcome any adversity. 【解析】 【导语】本文以一棵树的成长过程为线索，映射了作者在高中阶段面对学习困难和自我怀疑的心路历程。然而，一次特别的植树项目成为转折点，激发了作者的兴趣与热情。作者见证了小树在逆境中展现出的坚韧与成长，这不禁让他反思，是否也能如树一般，在面对生活中的风雨时，学会坚持与改变。这个过程不仅让作者体验到了自然界的顽强生命力，更促使他对自身的潜力与成长轨迹有了新的认识。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一天，当我站在树边沉思时，我的老师接近了我。”可知，第一段可描写老师解开作者心中的疑惑。 ②由第二段首句内容“现在回想起来，我意识到这次交谈是我生命中转折点。”可知，第二段可描这次谈话以后作者获得的感悟。 2.续写线索：站在树旁沉思——老师走近并询问——解开心中疑惑——回想交谈内容——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①解决：tackle/handle/resolve ②克服：overcome/get over/conquer ③鼓舞：inspire/encourage 情绪类 ①深深地打动了我：impress me deeply/touch me deeply ②被激励的：inspired/motivated/encouraged 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Inspired by the tree’s growth and my teacher’s encouragement, I began to tackle my academic challenges.（运用了过去分词inspired 作状语） 【高分句型2】Whenever I face obstacles now, I remember the tree and the wisdom it taught me, reminding me that with patience and determination, I can overcome any adversity.（运用了whenever引导时间状语从句，省略了引导词that/which的定语从句和现在分词reminding 作结果状语以及that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语 说明：本试题共8页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分） 每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，每段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项。听第一段对话，回答第1-2题。 1．What are the speakers talking about? A．A good way to recycle. B．The new laws on recycling. C．An economical way to drink coffee. 2．How much extra will a person pay when buying a cup of coffee? A．5 cents. B．50 cents. C．5 dollars. 听第二段对话，回答第3-5题。 3．What is wrong with the man? A．He doesn't have a thermometer. B．He has a fever. C．He has high blood pressure. 4．What does the man ask the woman to bring him? A．A bottle of water. B．A thermometer. C．A bed control. 5．What do we know about the man from the conversation? A．He should drink more water. B．He just had an operation. C．He needs to see a doctor immediately. 第二节 听取信息（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 听下面一段材料。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入标号为6-10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有60秒的作答时间。 Food in America Traditionally America is famous for the diet of meat and 6．________ Nowadays Ethnic restaurants and 7．________ are common and various. There are restaurants serving international 8．________ in large American cities. There are also ethnic restaurants in some cities where you can 9．________ from all over the world. Fast-food restaurants are expanding rapidly in America because 10．________ is very important. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（每小题2.5分，共15小题，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Rob Hill Campground Located in the Presidio park of San Francisco, Rob Hill Campground is the city’s only overnight camping spot. Sitting on a hilltop, it offers breathtaking views of Baker Beach and the vast Pacific Ocean. Just a 15-minute drive from downtown, this unique site combines city convenience with natural beauty. Facilities ·Two Group Campsites: Each can accommodate up to 30 people, featuring a fire pit, barbecue grills, picnic tables, and storage lockers. ·Modern Amenities: Well-lit restrooms (no showers), paved pathways for easy access, and a building for education programs. ·Special note: the Great Room and Fire Circle are reserved for education programs only. Please do not disturb the groups using these spaces. Reservations ·Cost: $125 per site per night (military families pay $75 with ID). ·Booking Steps: 1. Download the form from the Presidio Trust website. 2. Email it to camp@presidiotrust.gov with payment details. 3. Wait 3 working days for confirmation. ·Stay Limit: Maximum 3 nights. Rules & Restrictions ·Quiet Hours: No noise from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M. ·No Pets: Except guide dogs. ·Vehicle Rules: ·Four free parking passes per site; extra cars pay at nearby lots. ·Camper trucks and recreational vehicles (RVs) are not allowed. ·Fire Safety: Use provided grills; avoid burning wood during air quality alerts. For more information, visit the Presidio Trust website or call the Presidio Visitor Center at (415) 561-4323. 1. What makes Rob Hill Campground unique in San Francisco? A. It allows RVs and camper trucks. B. It offers the cheapest camping near the city. C. It provides free firewood for all campers. D. It’s the only overnight camping option within city limits. 2. How much does a military family pay for two nights? A. $75. B. $150. C. $250. D. $300. 3. Which activity is prohibited at the campground? A. Using a grill during the day. B. Playing loud music at 10:30 PM. C. Staying for three nights with a reservation. D. Bringing a guide dog for a camper with vision loss. B Fraser Doherty was only 14 when he started making jam(果酱).There had always been a special way of making jam in the Doherty family. One day his grandmother told Fraser the secret and, with her help, he began to invent his own unusual jam, all called SuperJam. The jam was good because soon Fraser was making it and selling it to his friends and neighbors after school. Within four years he produced 1,000 tins of jam a week from his parents’ home in Edinburgh, Scotland. In 2007, when he was just 17, he won an order to produce 120,000 tins of jam a week for a big British supermarket(超市).That meant that he needed to start producing jam in a factory, not at home. When Fraser was 18 he studied business at Strathclyde University in Glasgow. He hoped that his business would grow and if it did, he could sell jam to other supermarkets. Things went really well. At the age of 24 he was already a millionaire(百万富翁). Today he sells jam to over 2,000 supermarkets around the world, from Australia to Russia! Traditional jam contains often 80 percent sugar, but Mr. Doherty, whose company is called SuperJam, has created a healthy choice. He uses only fruit and fruit juice, not sugar. He wanted to make jam as healthy as possible, and take the place of the traditionally unhealthy jam with a “super jam”. “It was quite surprising to change a product that people have made the same way for hundreds of years, but I wanted to add a new way.” A food researcher said, “Fraser has taken an old product and he has made it young, exciting and modern.” 4. When did Fraser begin to do business? A. At age 24. B. At age 18. C. At age 17. D. At age 14. 5. What does the underlined part “it did” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. He left the university. B. His business went well. C. He invented more jams. D. His company was founded. 6. What is the biggest difference between SuperJam and the traditional jam? A. SuperJam sells better. B. Traditional jam tastes worse. C. Traditional jam is all made of sugar. D. SuperJam is made of fruit and fruit juice. 7. Which of the following can best describe Fraser? A. Kind-hearted B. Honest. C. Creative. D. Strong-willed. C Learning a new language can be a big challenge at any age; however, it seems to be especially difficult to master a foreign tongue as we age. When we are growing up, we are building a language system in our mind, which allows us to communicate freely. If we start a new language after youth, however, we are adding a new set of rules to our mind. That is why we find it difficult to learn a new language — we’re building a new speech system when we are not young any more. Why is it easier for kids to learn a new language? Children are relatively more active, open-minded and their language system is not fixed, meaning it is less work for them to pick up new things. The good news is that learning a language isn’t really that hard if you’re opening your mind. But it does take hard work and motivation to achieve your goals. It’s important to remember what you’re actually learning is how to communicate in a new way with other human beings. If you often share your daily experience with others in that language, what you’re learning is related to you. For example, if I’m learning Italian, I would never remember how to say “Dove è la biblioteca?” or “Where is the library?” but I will always remember how to say “Ti piace il caffe?” or “Do you like some coffee?” In addition, TV shows, films and video games in foreign languages are all great forms of entertainment for learning a new language. Anything that relates you to the language and culture is great, so long as you find it enjoyable. Adding a single new word to your vocabulary can be interesting and rewarding. The road to fluency can be hard, but the view along the way is really amazing, so it’s OK if you are driving slowly. 8. What affects language learning according to the first two paragraphs? A. Money. B. Age. C. Mind. D. Work. 9. What can we infer about language learning from paragraph 2? A. Adults can pick up new things quickly. B. Children have a fixed language system. C. Adults find the new rules easy to remember. D. Children outrun adults in language learning. 10. What is helpful for learning a language according to paragraphs 4 and 5? A. Using it in daily life. B. Playing video games. C. Going to the library. D. Taking down its rules. 11. What may be the best title for the passage? A. How to Build up Your Vocabulary? B. Language Learning: Chance or Challenge? C. Why do Children Learn Faster Than Adults? D. Is It too Late to Master a Foreign Language? D The pressure of a watching audience can have positive or negative effects on human performance, and it turns out the same is true of our closest relatives. Christen Lin at Kyoto University, Japan, and his colleagues tested a group of six chimps (黑猩猩) on three numerical tasks with different difficulty. In the first task, the numbers 1 to 5 appeared on a screen in different locations and the chimps simply had to touch the numbers in the correct order to get a food reward (奖赏). In the second task, the chimps had to press non-adjacent numbers (like 1,3,5,7,11,15) from smallest to largest for a reward. Finally, in the hardest test, when the first number was pressed, the rest of the numbers went dark on the screen. This meant the chimps had to remember the location of the numbers in order to press them in the correct order. The chimps were tested on the tasks thousands of times over a six-year period with different audiences — from one to eight human observers. When the task was easy, the chimps performed worse when there were more people watching. But on the most difficult task, all six of the chimps did better as the size of the audience grew. “It was very surprising to find a great increase in performance as human observer numbers increased, because we might expect more humans being present to be more distracting (分心的),” says Lin. “For the easiest task, the humans may be distracting to them, but for the most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a stressor that actually drives them to perform better.” Miguel Llorente at the University of Girona, Spain, suggests further studies could be about how the audience effect is related to chimps’ individual personalities. “It would also be interesting to study these effects with chimp audiences to understand more fully how these interactions play out in a natural social context,” he says. 12. What is a unique challenge to the chimps in the third task? A. Number ordering. B. Location memory. C. Audience pressure. D. Reward system 13. In what situation did the chimps perform the best? A. During task 3 with 8 observers. B. During task 1 with 7 observers C. During task 3 with 1 observer. D. During task 1 with 8 observers. 14. What can we learn from Lin’s words about the humans in difficult tasks? A. They may reduce task pressure. B. They may serve as a driving force. C. They may break concentration. D. They may offer task guidance. 15. What does Llorente suggest studying about the audience effect? A. Its relation with human presence. B. Its influence on human personalities. C. Its relation with chimps’ personalities. D. Its influence on chimps’ memory. 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Learning New Technology We live in a very exciting time. However, with such a wealth of resources, the options of learning new technology can be very difficult. ____16____. What to learn The first step, when picking up a new skill, is to determine what to learn. ____17____. It's important to have this strong inclination, as it will provide you with the necessary fuel. Once you decide what to learn, reviewing what others have done will give you confidence that you, too, can do it! ____18____ As you explore deeper into the pool of knowledge, you will want to add other forms of in-formation. I encourage you to browse through iTunes U. ____19____. You can listen to and watch what you are learning. This is particularly helpful for those who prefer an academic setting. Besides, there are a handful of websites that offer online education these days. Time for action ____20____. Okay, you've read countless tutorials, watched videos, and have a better understanding of the technology that you've been hoping to learn. What now? Well, it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Eventually, the best way to learn is by doing. Pick a personal project that you can build using this new technology. A. Learn to share B. Listen and watch C. The best way to learn is by doing D. I suggest you keep away from your phones E. This could be anything you are interested in F. It offers complete classes on a variety of topics G. The following tips can help you start your learning 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 They were gathering at the starting line — runners of all ages, shapes and sizes — preparing for the first 5K of the spring season. I knew this because I had ____21____ at the park's public restroom on my way to buy donuts and ____22____ the huge banner (横幅) announcing the race. For some reason, I decided to sit on the grass and watch the race begin. I was ____23____ by the diversity I saw. There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies strapped (捆) to their ____24____, and dads followed by their young sons and daughters. ____25____ were happening everywhere before the officials ____26____ for the start. Everyone looked glad to be there — proud, ____27____. I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm. The idea of running for any reason ____28____ chasing down (追) an ice-cream truck had ____29____ been attractive to me. As the runners took their places, I heard ____30____ from the bleachers (看台). “Go, Barbara! You got this, Mama!” “Grandpa, we love you! We're so proud of you.” I decided to stay and watch. For some reason, the race became a study in human nature. I was attracted by the ____31____. Who would cross line first? How long had that person been ____32____? When did he or she become devoted to the sport? For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat. I didn't stop for donuts that day, I can't tell you ____33____ why. I can tell you that something transformative (转变的) ____34____ that race day. Now when I stop at the park to use the public restroom, I also run the quarter-mile track. Someday, I hope to hear my family's voices coming from those bleachers when they see Granny ____35____ the finish line. 21. A. stopped B. aimed C. stared D. arrived 22. A. inspired B. explored C. updated D. noticed 23. A. upset B. puzzled C. decorated D. fascinated 24. A. arms B. legs C. backs D. hands 25. A. high-fives B. push-ups C. thumb-ups D. sit-ups 26. A. marched B. searched C. signaled D. gathered 27. A. for free B. in short C. for example D. in fact 28. A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. less than 29. A. never B. somehow C. always D. forever 30. A. charging B. cheering C. laughing D. greeting 31. A. achievement B. custom C. excitement D. company 32. A. running B. functioning C. surrounding D. clapping 33. A. typically B. particularly C. frankly D. exactly 34. A. broke away B. took place C. went through D. faded away 35. A. cross B. ensure C. respect D. press 第二节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在括号为46-57的相应位置上。 36. With a notebook, you can easily keep track ________ important points.(用适当的词填空) 37. Some scientists were determined to help humans make________ (they) dream to explore space come true. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. ________ (surround) by so many strangers, the young man felt too nervous to speak a word. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39. Parents are ________ (legal) responsible for their children’s safety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. We should attach great importance to the climate change, which is ________ universal problem. (用适当的词填空) 41. I offer you my sincere ________ (congratulate) on your success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42. We think ________ important that everyone should be punctual. (用适当的词填空) 43. She explained the rules clearly, enabling everyone ________ (understand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. Though he ________ (punish) for being late yesterday, he was late for school again this morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. Their primary school teachers and their lessons ________ they were fond of influenced their lives. (用适当的词填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节 句子考查（共10小题；56~61小题，每空0.5分，62~64每小题3分，满分17.5分） 根据以下各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。 46. The restaurant offers a variety of dishes, _______ ________ Chinese food _______ (包括从……到……之间) Western food. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 47. ________ ________ ________ (除了) his homework, he also helps his mom with housework every day. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 48. After months of failed experiments, the research team was close to giving up ________ ________ (处于绝望中). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 49. The other kids used to ________ ________ ________ (取笑) his thick glasses, which made him upset. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 50. Frankly speaking, I made a mistake in my last composition. (同义句转换) →________ ________ ________, I made a mistake in my last composition. 51. Although he failed many times, he never gave up his dream. (句型转换) →________ ________ ________ many failures, he never gave up his dream. 52. The organization has taken effective steps to protect the wild animals.（用被动语态改写） ________________________________________________________________ 53. The girl is my cousin. She is reading a storybook in the classroom. (用V-ing作定语合并句子) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 请记住，你懂的语言越多，你得到的机会就会更多。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 55. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In high school, many students may encounter difficulties in their studies, and so did I. Sometimes, I would become very confused. Math problems that seemed to be impossible to solve, puzzling grammar in English, and difficult historical events all made me feel at a loss. I didn’t know where to start or how to improve. Moreover, the fierce competition among classmates also added to my anxiety. Seeing others doing well, I couldn’t help but question myself, wondering if I was working hard enough. This sense of uncertainty made me doubt my abilities and future. I was losing patience and drive. One sunny day, as I was sitting in the classroom feeling a bit bored, my teacher came in and announced that we would have a special project — to plant a tree in the schoolyard. I was excited at the thought of getting outside and doing something different. I went outside and started digging the hole for the tree. I worked hard, feeling the dirt on my hands and the sweat on my forehead. As I was working, a classmate, Mary, came over and said, “Hey, you’re really putting a lot of effort into this!” I smiled and replied, “Yeah, I want this tree to grow strong. It feels like we’re doing something meaningful.” Mary nodded in agreement, “Definitely. And it’s amazing to think about how we’re all part of this process of growth.” As the weeks passed, I would visit the tree often, observing the little tree as it faced many challenges, including harsh weather and strong winds. But each time, it overcame them and continued to grow taller and stronger, providing shade and shelter for us. Its journey in the wind and rain was a test of its perseverance (坚持) and growth. It made me wonder whether I could be like the tree, growing and changing. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 One day, as I stood by a tree lost in thought, my teacher approached me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Reflecting on it now, I realize this conversation was a turning point in my life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $