内容正文:
日拱一卒,功不唐捐!
初中英语必背短语句型
一、资料介绍
本套材料是专为初中阶段学生设计的系统性英语学习工具,聚焦“短语+句型”两大核心模块,紧扣新课标与中考命题趋势,旨在帮助学生高效积累语言素材、提升词汇运用能力与写作表达水平。以“思维导图联想串记”为特色方法,将零散知识点结构化、可视化,助力学生从“死记硬背”转向“理解记忆+灵活应用”。
二、内容结构与重点亮点
1. 内容全面,覆盖核心考点
· 涵盖初中各版本教材及新课标大纲词汇解析中涉及的常考短语,交叉互补,无遗漏。
· 精选中考高频句型,覆盖语法结构、写作句式、口语表达等实用场景。
· 按主题/功能分类,构建知识网络,强化联想记忆。
· 例句贴近生活、贴近考情,帮助学生理解用法、辨析语境、拓展表达。
2. 科学解析,四维深度解读
· 例句:真实语境呈现,强化语感。
· 用法:标注语法功能、搭配习惯、使用场景。
· 辨析:对比易混短语/句型,避免误用。
· 拓展:延伸相关表达、同义替换、高阶用法,提升语言丰富度。
3. 记忆科学,多维巩固机制
· 单元导图汇总:每单元后附大导图,串联本单元所有短语,形成知识闭环。
· 配套练习题:每单元设置检测题,即时反馈学习效果,查漏补缺。
· 联想串记法:通过图像、逻辑、语义关联,提升记忆效率与持久性。
三、适用对象与使用建议
· 适用对象:初一至初三学生,尤其适合基础薄弱、需系统梳理短语句型、备考中考的学生。
· 使用建议:
每日精学:每天学习1个单元,结合导图+例句+练习,形成“输入-理解-输出”闭环。
考前冲刺:重点复习高频短语与真题例句,强化应试能力。
写作提优:积累句型模板,模仿例句结构,提升作文语言质量。
第二单元:字母C
1. call at someplace (顺路)拜访(某地)
例 They called at Mr. Brown's office last Thursday.上周四他们曾到布朗先生的办公室去拜访他。
辨 call at:后面常接某个地点或某人的家。call on:后面接拜访的对象,即“某人”。
2. call for 需要;要求; (BrE) (去)接(某人)
用 后可直接跟表示人或物的名词或代词。
例 I think this calls for tougher measures.我认为这需要采取更强硬的措施。
I' ll call for you at 8 o’ clock.我八点钟去接你。
3. call for help 求救;呼救
例 If you are in danger, just call for help.如果你有危险就呼救。
4. call in 叫来;召来
例 She is ill, and you should call in the doctor right away.她病了,你应该立即请医生来。
5. call on 呼吁,号召;短暂访问
例 Let's call on James on the way home.我们回家时顺道去看看詹姆斯吧。
联 call on sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事
6. call the police 报警
例 In case of a fire, call the police.万一发生火灾就报警。
7. call up 打电话;(BrE)征召(=AmE draft)
用 后可直接跟宾语,若宾语是代词,要放在call 和 up 中间。
例 I' ll call you up again later.我稍后再给你打电话。
8. calm down (使)冷静下来
例 Calm down and tell me what happened.冷静一下,告诉我发生了什么事情。
9. can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
例 Between surprise and joy, she couldn't help bursting into tears.她又惊又喜,禁不住哭起来。
联 can't stop doing忍不住做
10. can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
例 I can't wait to tell you the result of the competition.我迫不及待地要告诉你竞赛的结果。
11. care about 关心;在意
用 表示认为某事重要并产生兴趣或忧虑。
例 The young people should care about the old.年轻人应该关心老人。
12. care for 喜欢;照料,照顾
用 作“照料,照顾”讲,相当于 take care of。
例 I don't care much for opera.我不太喜欢歌剧。
13. carry off 赢得;获得;成功地对付
用 可直接接宾语,宾语如果是代词则要放在 carry 和 off 之间。
例 He carried off most of the prizes.他赢得了大多数的奖项。
14. carry on 继续;从事
例 Her courage has given him the will to carry on with his life.她的勇气激发了他继续生活的意愿。
联 carry on doing sth.继续做某事
15. carry out 执行;实施
用 后常接 plan、 task、 decision、 policy、 order、promise、 idea 等词。
例 Keep what you say and carry out what you do.言必信,行必果。
16. catch (a) cold 患感冒
例 She wore a heavy coat so as not to catch cold.她穿了件厚大衣,以免着凉。
17. catch one’ s attention 引起某人的注意
例 I whistled sharply to catch her attention.我急促而大声地吹口哨以引起她的注意。
联 catch one’ s eye 引起某人的注意
18. catch up with 赶上
例 No matter how fast you run, it is impossible for you to catch up with him.无论你跑得多快,你都不可能赶上他。
辨 catch up with:指在落后的情况下赶上。
keep up with:指保持同步前进。
19. change into 变成
例 The magician changed the tiger into a woman.魔术师把老虎变成了一位女子。
联 turn into 变成
20. change one’ s mind 改主意
例 The young man changed his mind and decided to teach in the rural area.这个年轻人改变了主意,决定到农村教学。
21. chat with 和……聊天
例 I chat with him on WeChat during my spare time.我空余时间用微信跟他聊天。
22. check in 办理登机手续;登记入住
例 Can you check us in at the hotel?你能去宾馆替我们办理好入住手续吗?
23. check out 检查,核实;办理退房手续
例 The tourist packed and checked out of the hotel.游客收拾好东西,办理了退房手续。
24. cheer up 使⋯⋯振奋
用 代词作宾语时,要放在 cheer 和 up 之间。
例 Cheer up, better times may be ahead.打起精神来,好日子或许就在前头了。
25. clean out 清除;打扫干净
例 I'm going to clean out the storage room.我打算把储物间清理干净。
26. clean up 收拾干净
例 Mum made her clean up the plate after dinner.妈妈要她晚餐后把盘子洗干净。
27. clear up 天放晴
例 The picnic all depends on the weather clearing up.野餐完全取决于天气是否会放晴。
28. climb up 爬上
例 It's almost impossible to climb up the cliff.要爬上这座峭壁几乎是不可能的。
29. close down 关闭;倒闭
例 The company will be closed down soon because the business is too bad.因为生意太差,这家公司很快就要歇业了。
联 close up(尤指临时)关门停业
30. come across 偶然发现,偶然遇见
用 不可分开使用,也不能用于被动语态。
例 We must hang in whenever we come across difficulties.每当我们遇到困难时,我们一定要坚持不懈。
31. come along 进步;进展;出现;一起去
例 How's John coming along?约翰现在怎么样啊?
A bus should come along any minute now.公共汽车现在随时都可能回来。
We' re going into town——do you want to come along?我们要去城里,你想一起去吗?
32. come and go 来来往往
例 You are free to come and go at your pleasure.来去自由,悉听尊便。
33. come back 回来;回想起;再度流行
用 后不直接接宾语,不用于被动语态。
例 Please come back as soon as possible. 尽早回来。
联 come back to sb.某人回忆起
34. come down 下来;下(雨、雪等)
例 The rain was coming down in sheets.大雨滂沱。
35. come from 出生于;来自
用 后跟地点名词,不用于被动语态。
例 Many of the students come from other countries.学生中许多人来自其他国家。
36. come in 进来;到达;取得(某)名次
用 通常不直接跟宾语,也不用于被动语态。
例 Come in and make yourself at home.进来,请随意些。
His horse came in second to last.他的马跑了倒数第二名。
37. come into one's mind 突然出现在脑海里
例 A thought suddenly came into my mind.我突然有了一个想法。
38. come on 快点儿;赶快;加油
用 多用于祈使句,表示劝说、激励、不耐烦等情绪。
例 Come on Lucy. Let's dance.来吧,露西,我们一起跳舞吧!
39. come out 出来;出版;发表;开花
用 用作不及物动词短语,后不接宾语。
例 The stars came out as soon as darkness fell.天一黑,星星就出来了。
辨 come out:作“出版;发表”讲时,主语是书或出版物。
publish:意为“出版;发行”时,主语是出版社或作者。
40. come over短暂造访;从……来
例My uncle came over from the South to see me.我叔叔从南方远道来看我。
41. come to an end结束
例 The meeting has come to an end finally.会议终于结束了。
联 put an end to sth. 使某事终止
42. come to know逐渐明白
例 Strangers may come to know one another.萍水相逢的人也会互相了解。
43. come to life 苏醒;起死回生;变得有生气
例 The village came to life after sunrise.日出之后,村庄变得充满生气。
44. come to oneself苏醒;恢复知觉
例 The patient finally came to herself after the operation.手术之后,病人最终苏醒了。
45. come true实现;成为现实
用 常用 dream、hope 等作主语,其后不能接宾语也无被动语态。
例 His dream of being a doctor has come true.他当医生的愿望实现了。
46. come up 升起;走近;被提到;(问题或困难)出现
用 后不接宾语,无被动语态。
例 The photo of the sun coming up was beautiful.那张日出的照片真漂亮。
His name came up in the conversation.谈话中提到了他的名字。
47. come up to达到;来到……面前
用 后可接名词或代词,不用于被动语态。
例 Come up to the fire, and you will get warm.到炉火边来,你会暖和一点。
48. come up with提出;想出
用 指“提出”时,常接 idea、 plan等作宾语。
例 He can always come up with some new ideas.他总是能够提出一些新的想法。
49. communicate with与……交流
例 Parents often find it difficult to communicate with their children.父母常会发觉很难跟孩子沟通。
50. compare... to...把……比作……
例 Poets often compare life to a grand journey.诗人经常把生命比作一场盛大的旅程。
51. compare... with... 把……和……比较
例 No mountain can compare with it in height.哪座山也比不上它高。
联 beyond compare 无与伦比(注:该短语为习惯用语,其中 compare为名词)
52. complain about对……抱怨
用 后接名词或动词-ing形式。
例 She often complains about having to do all the housework by herself.她经常抱怨要独自一人做所有家务活。
53. concentrate on 全神贯注于;专心于
用 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
例 Students should concentrate on their study.学生应该专心学习。
54. congratulations on 对……的祝贺
例 Congratulations on a superb performance!对精彩的演出表示祝贺!
55. connect... to... 把……连接到……
例 Please connect the computer to the Internet.请将电脑与互联网连接。
56. connect... with...将……与……连接
例 A high-speed railway connects Shanghai with Beijing.一条高速铁路连接了上海和北京。
57. consist of 由……组成/构成
例 Our class consists of five groups.我们班由五个小组组成。
58. continue doing sth. 继续做某事
例 The rain continued falling all afternoon.这场雨整整一下午都下个不停。
59. correct a mistake/ the mistakes改正错误
例 Please help me correct the mistakes in my homework.请帮我纠正作业中的错误。
60. count down 倒计时
例 Just before 12 o’clock, everyone counts down from 10: 10, 9, 8……快到12点时,人们从 10开始倒计时:10、9、8……
61. cut down 砍倒;减少
例 He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.他试图少抽烟,但没成功。
62. cut in 打断别人说话
例 She kept cutting in on our conversation.我们谈话时她老是插嘴。
联 cut in line 插队
63. cut into 把……分成……;打断;切,
用 其后可直接接宾语。
例 He cut the loaf into thick slices.他把面包切成了厚片。
联 cut into halves 切成两半
64. cut off 切掉;切断;中止;挂断(电话)
用 作“挂断(电话)”讲时,多用于被动语态。
例 He cut off a big piece of meat.他切下大块肉。
Their water supply was cut off.他们的供水被切断了。
65. cut short 提早结束;中断;打断,插嘴
例 In order not to miss the lecture on Sunday, I cut short the visit and came back on Saturday.为了不错过星期天的讲座,我缩短了访问时间,星期六回来了。
66. cut out 删除;删去
例 I would cut out the bit about working as waitress.我想删掉做女服务员的那段经历。
67. cut up 切开;切成小块
用 后可直接跟宾语,若宾语为代词,则应放在 cut 和 up 之间。
例 She cut the paper up into little pieces.她把纸裁成小碎片。
真题演练
1.His dream (实现) at last with his great effort.
2.政府应采取严格措施执行垃圾分类政策。
The government should take strict measures to garbage sorting policy.
3. The last part of the article can't be because it shows the ending of the story.
A. cut up B. cut down C. cut out D. cut off
4.— Rex, guess what? Born to Fly(《长空之王》) last week.
— Yes. It shows the dangers and risks that the pilots face.
A. came out B. gave out C. worked out
5. He failed in the math test and looks sad. Let's .
A. put him up B. set him up C. cheer him up D. clean him up
6. My friend can always good ideas to solve his problems.
A. keep away from B. take care of C. get on with D. come up with
7. I will congratulate Tom winning the singing competition.
A. in B. on C. with D. of
8. More and more people the old people, and offer their seat to the old.
A. complain about B. care for C. give up D. cheer up
9. . Don't cry any more.
A. Hurry up B. Come up C. Come on D. Be quick
10. After discussing, the students some good ideas to work on the project.
A. put up B. set up C. caught up with D. came up with
11. The Somali robbers’ frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to all nations to take immediate action.
A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on
12.- Where did you go after we left the library yesterday?
-I went downtown and my aunt's on my way home.
A. played with B. called at C. waited for D. looked after
13. When a fire broke out, it's important to and cover your mouth with a wet towel.
A. calm down B. put down C. get down D. fall down
答案解析
1. came true
【解析】:根据语意,实现是come true,结合时态,填came true。
2. carry out
【解析】:根据句意,可知填空对应“执行”,要填carry out。
3. C
【解析】:根据句意,“文章的最后一部分不能被____,因为它展示了故事的结局。”A. 切碎;B. 砍倒/削减;C. 删去;D. 切断。结合语意选C。
4. A
【解析】:根据句意,“Rex,猜猜看?《长空之王》上周____。”“是的。它展示了飞行员面临的危险和风险。”A. 出版/上映;B. 分发/耗尽;C. 解决/算出。结合语意选A。
5. C
【解析】:根据句意,“他数学考试不及格,看起来很难过。让我们____。”A. 为他提供住宿;B. 建立/安排;C. 让他振作起来;D. 把他洗干净。结合语意选C。
6. D
【解析】:根据句意,“我的朋友总是能____解决他问题的好主意。” A. 远离;B. 照顾;C. 与...相处;D. 想出。结合语意选D。
7. B
【解析】:根据句意,“我将____赢得歌唱比赛向汤姆表示祝贺。”congratulate sb. on sth.为固定搭配,故选B。
8. B
【解析】:根据句意,“越来越多的人____老人,并把座位让给老人。”A. 抱怨;B. 关心/照顾;C. 放弃;D. 振作/欢呼,结合语意选B。
9. C
【解析】:根据句意,“ ____。别再哭了。”A. 快点;B. 上来;C. 加油/来吧;D. 动作快点,结合语意选C。
10. D
【解析】:根据句意,“讨论之后,学生们____了一些关于这个项目的好主意。”A. 张贴/举起;B. 建立;C. 赶上;D. 想出/提出,结合语意选D。
11. C
【解析】:根据句意,“索马里强盗频繁对海上目标的袭击行为促使联合国____所有国家立即采取行动。”A. 争取;B. 申请;C. 呼吁;D. 侍候,结合语意选C。
12. B
【解析】:根据语意,“昨天我们离开图书馆后,你去了哪里?”“我去了市中心,回家的路上____姨妈家。”A. 玩耍;B. 拜访;C. 等待;D. 照看,结合语意选B。
13. A
【解析】:根据语意,“一旦发生火灾,重要的是要____并用湿毛巾捂住口鼻。”A. 冷静下来;B. 放下;C. 躺下;D. 跌倒,结合语意选A。
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