摘要:
**基本信息**
河南省对口招生2022-2026年英语真题分类汇编(专题06词汇与语法),聚焦定语从句、名词性从句等核心语法点及固定句型,通过五年真题实例助力学生巩固基础。
**题型特征**
|题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|选择题|约25题|定语从句(2025年where引导地点从句)、名词性从句(2026年whether...or not)、状语从句(2023年unless条件句)、固定句型(2024年is used to)、虚拟语气(2024年If I were you)|按语法专题分类,聚焦对口招生高频考点,如从句引导词辨析、固定短语用法,贴合真题命题趋势|
内容正文:
【河南省对口招生】五年(2022-2026)英语真题分类汇编
专题06 词汇与语法
(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、固定句型、常用短语及其他)
1. 判断从句的类型,并掌握不同类型从句的结构;
2. 辨析相似结构的从句,并准确选择引导词;
3. 掌握常见的固定句型,不与从句混淆;
4. 掌握常用短语的中文意思及其用法。
考向01 定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句
2026年
1. We have no idea ________ he will accept our suggestions or not.
A. if B. what C. that D. whether
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们不知道他是否会接受我们的建议。
分析句子结构可知,此处空处引导同位语从句,表示“是否”接受建议,且与“or not”连用,引导同位语从句只能用whether,不能用if。
2025年
1. The company ________ his wife works is in the center of Shanghai.
A. who B. that C. which D. where
【答案】D
【详解】考查定从关系词。句意:他妻子工作公司在上海市中心。分析句子结构及选项可知,空处引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词“company”,关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。故选D。
2. Your dream will come true ________ you don’t give up.
A. as far as B. as well as C. as long as D. as soon as
【答案】C
【详解】考查状从连词短语。句意:只要你不放弃,你的梦想就会实现。A. as far as就……而言;B. as well as和……一样;C. as long as只要;D. as soon as一……就……。根据句意可知,“不放弃”是“实现梦想”的必要条件,此处应用as long as引导条件状语从句,意为“只要”。故选C。
2024年
1.She is the little girl I met on the way to the park.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose
【答案】A
【解析】
考点:定语从句的关系代词。句子中需要一个关系代词来引导定语从句,修饰先行词“the little girl”。定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为人,因此应选A选项“who”。B选项“what”不能用于定语从句;C选项“which”用于指代物;D选项“whose”用于指代某人的或某物的。
2023年
1 This is the person ________ Mr. Martin is looking for.
A. whom B. which C. what D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:这是Mr. Martin正在找的那个人。
考点:定语从句关系词的选择
分析:先行词是person,表示人,且关系词在定语从句内部充当介词for的宾语,故用whom。
2. You will be late for the meeting ________ you set off right away.
A. if B. So C. unless D. whether
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:你会开会迟到的除非你现在就动身。
考点:条件状语从句的引导词
分析:根据句意可得出空格处译为“除非”,if如果,so因此,unless除非,whether是否,故选C。
2022年
1. This is the room in _________ Jason lived last summer.
A. where B. which C. when D. who
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句引导词的选择。句意:这个是去年夏天Jason住的房间。
先行词为room,且关系词在定语从句内部充当地点状语,所以关系词应用where或者in which。题目横杠前有in,则应选择B。
2. They stopped talking ___________ their teacher came into the classroom.
A. though B. unless C. as soon as D. as long as
【答案】C
【解析】考查时间状语的连接词。句意:他们的老师一进来教室,他们就停止了讲话。
A.though尽管 B.unless除非,如果不 C.as soon as一...就... D. as long as只要 根据句意,选择C。
考向02 固定句型、常用短语
2024年
1.Marian is from America.She the life in China now.
A.use B.used to C.uses D.is used to
【答案】D
【解析】
考点:短语辨析和时态。句子意思是“Marian来自美国。她现在习惯中国的生活了。”A选项“use”为动词原形,表示一般现在时;B选项“used to”表示“过去常常”;C选项“uses”为一般现在时的第三人称单数形式;D选项“is used to”表示“习惯于”。根据句意,应选择D选项。
2. I know,they probably like pop music.
A.As fast as B.As far as C.As long as D.As soon as
【答案】B
【解析】
考点:短语辨析。句子意思是“就我所知,他们可能喜欢流行音乐。”A选项“As fast as”意为“尽可能快地”;B选项“As far as”意为“就……而言”;C选项“As long as”意为“只要”;D选项“As soon as”意为“一……就……”。根据句意,应选择B选项。
3.The air in our city is getting cleaner now than a few
years ago.
A.as B.very C.much D.quite
【答案】C
【解析】
考点:比较级的修饰词。句子中有比较级“cleaner”,需要一个修饰词来加强比较的程度。A选项“as”通常用于同级比较;B选项“very”不能修饰比较级;C选项“much”可以修饰比较级,表示“……得多”;D选项“quite”也不能修饰比较级。因此,应选择C选项。
4.The roof of the house needs before it rains next time.
A.repair B.to repair C.repairing D.to be repairing
【答案】C
【解析】
考点:need的用法。句子中“need”作为实义动词,后面接动名词作宾语,表示“需要被修理”。A选项为动词原形,B选项为不定式,D选项为不定式的进行时态,均不符合语法规则。因此,应选择C选项。
5.0ur school is going to a new gym this year.
A.build B.built C.builds D.building
【答案】A
【解析】
考点:固定搭配。句子中“be going to”后应接动词原形,表示将来的计划或打算。B选项为过去分词,C选项为第三人称单数形式,D选项为动名词形式,均不符合语法规则。因此,应选择A选项。
2023年
1. Would you mind ________ the window? It's so cold in the room.
A. close B. closing C. closes D. closed
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:你介意我关上窗户吗?房间里太冷了。
考点:关于mind固定短语
分析:mind doing sth. 介意干某事
Would you mind doing sth.? 你建议我干某事吗?
2. Those students spend their spare time ________ books.
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
【答案】D
【解析】
句意:那些学生花费他们的空余时间读书。
考点:关于spend的固定搭配
分析:人+spend+时间/金钱+(in)+doing sth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱干某事
2022年
1. My grandma enjoys __________ to music.
A. listen B. listens C. listened D. listening
【答案】D
【详解】考查enjoy的固定搭配。句意:我的奶奶喜欢听音乐。
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢干某事 enjoy后的人动词要用ing形式,故选择D。
2. Linda's husband is from Canada, __________?
A. is he B. isn't he C. does he D. doesn't he
【答案】B
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:琳达的丈夫来自加拿大,难道不是吗?
翻译疑问句的反义部分要遵循“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则,此句中陈述部分为肯定形式,所以翻译部分要用否定形式,排除A和C。剩下B和D均为否定形式,但是原句陈述部分的谓语动词为is,故反义部分也应该用is的否定形式,故选B。
3. There_________ milk and bananas on sale in that supermarket.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
【答案】C
【解析】考查there be句型。句意:在那个超市里有牛奶和香蕉出售。
there be句型要遵循就近原则,即看离be动词最近的那个名词,如果最近的那个名词是单数或不可数名词时,be动词要用is(was);如果最近的名词为复数名词应用are(were)。该题中,最近的名词是milk,不可数名词,故选C。
4. It's my daughter's birthday today. She's _________ years old now.
A. sixteen B. sixteenth C. the sixteen D. the sixteenth
【答案】A
【解析】考查基数词和序数词的区别。句意:今天是我女儿的生日。她现在16岁了。
A. sixteen十六,基数词 B. sixteenth第十六,序数词
表示年龄用基数词,十六岁:sixteen years old。故选择A。
考向03 倒装、强调句、感叹句、虚拟
2026年
1. Never ________ what the lawyer has done to discover the truth.
A. the public will knew B. will the public knew
C. will the public know D. the public will know
【答案】C
【详解】句意:公众永远不会知道律师为发现真相做了什么。
否定词never置于句首,句子要用部分倒装结构,助动词will提到主语前,后接实义动词的原形。
2. It was in the library ________ I met Wang Lin for the first time.
A. that B. when C. where D. which
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我第一次见到王林是在图书馆。
分析句子结构可知,本句为强调句,其结构为“It is /was +被强调部分+ that /who +其他部分”,此处被强调部分为地点状语“in the library”,所以应用that。
2025年
1. ________ fast the high-speed train is running!
A. Why B. How C. What D. When
【答案】B
【详解】考查感叹句。句意:高铁跑得多快啊!根据“!”可知,此句属于感叹句。感叹句结构分为两种:How+形容词/副词+主谓其他! 以及What + (a/an) +形容词+名词+主谓其他! 分析句子结构可知,fast是副词,修饰动词running,符合How引导的感叹句结构。故选B。
2. It was last summer ________ I saw the lovely panda in Chengdu.
A. that B. what C. where D. when
【答案】A
【详解】考查强调句引导词。句意:就是在去年夏天,我在成都看到了那只可爱的大熊猫。分析句子结构及选项可知,句子是强调句结构。强调句结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分”,判断方式是:若将“It is/was与that/who”同时去掉,原句完整正确。此处强调的是时间“last summer”,故用“that”来连接。故选A。
2024年
1.If I you,I wouldn't waste so much time chatting on the Internet.
A.am B.are C.was D.were
【答案】D
【解析】
考点:虚拟语气的时态。句子是一个虚拟语气的条件句,表示与现在事实相反的假设。在虚拟语气的条件句中,如果主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”,则从句用过去时。主语是第一人称单数,但在虚拟语气中,be动词通常用“were”来表示假设的过去。因此,应选择D选项。
2023年
1 ________ beautiful my hometown is!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:我的家乡多漂亮啊!
考点:感叹句感叹词的选择
分析:my hometown is属于感叹句式当中的“主语+谓语”部分,去掉以后句子只剩beautiful一个形容词,感叹形容词用how。
感叹句句式:
How + adj./adv. +(主语+谓语)!
What a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + (主语+谓语)!
What + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + (主语+谓语)!
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
【河南省对口招生】五年(2022-2026)英语真题分类汇编
专题06 词汇与语法
(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、固定句型、常用短语及其他)
1. 判断从句的类型,并掌握不同类型从句的结构;
2. 辨析相似结构的从句,并准确选择引导词;
3. 掌握常见的固定句型,不与从句混淆;
4. 掌握常用短语的中文意思及其用法。
考向01 定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句
2026年
1. We have no idea ________ he will accept our suggestions or not.
A. if B. what C. that D. whether
2025年
1. The company ________ his wife works is in the center of Shanghai.
A. who B. that C. which D. where
2. Your dream will come true ________ you don’t give up.
A. as far as B. as well as C. as long as D. as soon as
2024年
1.She is the little girl I met on the way to the park.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose
2023年
1 This is the person ________ Mr. Martin is looking for.
A. whom B. which C. what D. where
2. You will be late for the meeting ________ you set off right away.
A. if B. So C. unless D. whether
2022年
1. This is the room in _________ Jason lived last summer.
A. where B. which C. when D. who
2. They stopped talking ___________ their teacher came into the classroom.
A. though B. unless C. as soon as D. as long as
考向02 固定句型、常用短语
2024年
1.Marian is from America.She the life in China now.
A.use B.used to C.uses D.is used to
2. I know,they probably like pop music.
A.As fast as B.As far as C.As long as D.As soon as
3.The air in our city is getting cleaner now than a few
years ago.
A.as B.very C.much D.quite
4.The roof of the house needs before it rains next time.
A.repair B.to repair C.repairing D.to be repairing
5.0ur school is going to a new gym this year.
A.build B.built C.builds D.building
2023年
1. Would you mind ________ the window? It's so cold in the room.
A. close B. closing C. closes D. closed
2. Those students spend their spare time ________ books.
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
2022年
1. My grandma enjoys __________ to music.
A. listen B. listens C. listened D. listening
2. Linda's husband is from Canada, __________?
A. is he B. isn't he C. does he D. doesn't he
3. There_________ milk and bananas on sale in that supermarket.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
4. It's my daughter's birthday today. She's _________ years old now.
A. sixteen B. sixteenth C. the sixteen D. the sixteenth
考向03 倒装、强调句、感叹句、虚拟
2026年
1. Never ________ what the lawyer has done to discover the truth.
A. the public will knew B. will the public knew
C. will the public know D. the public will know
2. It was in the library ________ I met Wang Lin for the first time.
A. that B. when C. where D. which
2025年
1. ________ fast the high-speed train is running!
A. Why B. How C. What D. When
2. It was last summer ________ I saw the lovely panda in Chengdu.
A. that B. what C. where D. when
2024年
1.If I you,I wouldn't waste so much time chatting on the Internet.
A.am B.are C.was D.were
2023年
1 ________ beautiful my hometown is!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$