Unit 6 Developing ideas Ⅱ P92-95 课件 2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件围绕“坎儿井系统”展开，通过视频导入引导学生观察系统全貌，结合《西游记》火焰山文学元素与沙漠气候图片提问，搭建从已知到未知的学习支架，帮助学生理解系统存在的地理与生存背景。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质，以“工程结构—运作原理—当代价值”问题链设计阅读任务，通过图表填空、翻译练习提升语言能力，如用“underground canals”等词汇描述系统，增强学生对古代智慧的认同。任务型教学便于教师实施，学生在探究中提升跨文化理解与表达能力。

Unit 6 Developing ideasⅡ P92-95 Living with nature 1 Learning Objectives In this class, you will write a short passage and express personal opinions. understand the text about the karez system, and master vocabulary and phrases like underground, survive and protect. read the passage and finish the exercises. 2 Reading 3 Lead-in What can you see in this video? 4 Lead-in What can you see in this video? 1. What can you see in this video? I can see the karez system. (坎儿井） 2. What do you think of the karez system? /kæ'rez/ The karez system is amazing! It is a very clever and old way to get water in dry places. It helps people live and grow food. It is also a great treasure of human wisdom. 5 Lead-in Look at the pictures and answer the questions. Use the words and expression to help you. 1. What’s the environment like? The environment is a desert, so it has a hot and dry climate. There is little rainfall, so the area faces a water shortage. It is difficult to survive here. 6 Lead-in Look at the pictures and answer the questions. Use the words and expression to help you. 2. How does the system work? The project uses wells and underground canals to protect water from drying up. The water runs to different places. It allows people to grow plants for food in such a difficult environment. 7 Activity 1 Read quickly and choose. What’s the passage mainly about? A. The history of Journey to the West. B. The introduction to the karez system in Turpan. C. The climate of the Flaming Mountains. D. Modern technology in Xinjiang. Activity 2 Match the idea with each paragraph. The way the karez system works and its importance The location of the Flaming Mountains The challenge and future of the system The climate of the area 1 You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West. But do you know where the real Flaming Mountains are? They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Activity 3 1. In which famous literary work is the Flaming Mountains described? Journey to the West. 2. Where are the real Flaming Mountains? They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Read para. 1 and answer. 你可能还记得《西游记》中的火焰山。 但你知道真正的火焰山在哪里吗？ 它们位于新疆维吾尔自治区东部的吐鲁番。 Activity 3 Read para. 2 and answer. 2. How much rainfall does Turpan get each year? The desert sand can be as hot as 80°C in mid-summer. 1. What’s the temperature of the desert sand in mid-summer? Only 16 mm a year. 3. How do people survive in such a terrible climate? The secret lies in the ancient karez system. Activity 3 Read para. 2 and translate. 2 It's known as one of the hottest areas in the world. The desert sand can be as hot as 80℃ in midsummer. That's enough to make your feet burn! It may sound crazy, but the locals can cook an egg on the desert sand. Rainfall in Turpan is only 16 mm a year. It is one of the driest places in China. How do people survive in such a terrible climate? The secret lies in the ancient karez system. 它被称为世界上最热的地区之一。 人们是如何在如此恶劣的气候中生存下来的呢？ 盛夏时节，沙漠沙粒的温度可高达80℃。 吐鲁番的年降雨量仅有16毫米。 它足以灼伤你的双脚！ 这听起来可能很疯狂，但当地人真的能在沙漠沙地上煎熟鸡蛋。 秘密就在于古老的坎儿井系统。 它是中国最干旱的地区之一。 Activity 3 Read Para. 3 and answer the questions. 4. How was the karez system built? 1. How many wells are there in the Turpan karez system? 2. What are under these wells? 3. How long are the underground canals in this area? There are more than 1,000 wells. Large underground canals. Activity 3 Read Para. 3 and answer the questions. 4. How was the karez system built? 3. How long are the underground canals in this area? Over 5,000 km. All of this was completed with only hand tools. 3 The karez system in Turpan includes more than 1,000 wells. They appear every 20-30 metres. Some of them are 100 metres deep! Under these wells are large underground canals. Water from the mountains falls into the wells. It then runs underground in the canals. It is kept cool and safe from the desert heat. There are over 5,000 km of underground canals in the area. That's nearly as long as the Yellow River! Thanks to the karez system, people can grow plants for food in this difficult environment. And amazingly, all of this was completed with only hand tools! No wonder it's among the top three projects of ancient China. Activity 3 吐鲁番的坎儿井系统包含1000多眼井。 该地区的地下暗渠总长超过5000公里。 Read and translate. 有些井100米深！ 来自高山的雪水流入井中。 水随后在暗渠中地下流淌。 那几乎与黄河一样长！ 难怪它被列为中国古代三大工程之一。 令人惊叹的是，这一切都是仅凭手工工具完成的！ 水保持凉爽，免受沙漠高温的侵袭。 每隔20至30米就有一口。 这些井的下方是巨大的地下运河。 多亏了坎儿井系统，人们才能在这种恶劣环境中种植粮食作物。 Activity 3 Read Para. 4 and answer the questions. 2. Who is taking action to protect the karez system now? It faces a water shortage. Because there is less water from the mountains, lower rainfall and a large increase in water use. 1. What problem does the area face now? Why? More and more young people are taking action to protect it. 4 Today, the area faces a water shortage. There is less water from the mountains, lower rainfall and a large increase in water use. Although modern technology is solving some problems, the karez system still plays an important role. Now, more and more young people are taking action to protect it. The centuries-old water system will surely be carried into the future. Activity 3 如今，该地区面临着水资源短缺的问题。 但坎儿井系统依然发挥着重要作用。 Read and translate. 来自高山的融水减少，降雨量降低，用水量却大幅增加。 尽管现代科技正在解决一些问题， 这个有着数百年历史的水利系统，必将传承到未来。 现在，越来越多的年轻人正采取行动保护它。 Activity 4 Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. driest places hottest areas climate Activity 4 Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. wells underground runs underground cool and safe Activity 4 Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. grow plants for food top three projects Activity 4 Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. water shortage protect Activity 5 Answer the questions. 1. Why does the writer mention “the Flaming Mountains” at the beginning? By mentioning this well-known place from Journey to the West, the writer connects with readers, attracts their attention and makes them interested in reading on. 2. What can you tell about Turpan from “cook an egg on the desert sand”? It tells us that Turpan is very hot. 3. What’s the meaning of the title? The title means the karez system is like a hidden “river” that brings life to Turpan’s desert. It quietly carries water underground so people can survive and grow food in the terrible climate. Activity 6 Think and share. 1. What fact from the passage do you find the most interesting? Why? For me, the most interesting fact is that the system was completed with only hand tools. The canals are so long and there are so many wells. It is difficult to do the work with machines, and using hand tools is even more difficult. Think and share. Activity 6 2. With modern technology, do you think it is still necessary to keep the karez system? Why or why not? I think it is necessary to keep the karez system. Although modern technology can solve some problems, the karez system still plays an important role. It works well and is an important part of our history. We can use both modern technology and the karez system to improve the living environment in this area. Activity 7 Write a passage about how people change nature. Activity 7 Write a passage about how people change nature. Step 2 Write your passage with the help of the chart. Opening Introduce the topic. · What is the system / idea of changing nature? The Grand Canal京杭大运河 · Where is it? It is from north to south in China. · When did it start? It started over 2,500 years ago. Activity 7 Write a passage about how people change nature. Step 2 Write your passage with the help of the chart. Body Further explain the system / idea. · What are some amazing facts? It’s over 1,700 km long—one of the longest canals in the world. · How does the system / idea work? Dig rivers to connect lakes and rivers, make water transport easier. Activity 7 Write a story about a person passing on help. Step 2 Write your passage with the help of the chart. Ending Share the importance of the system / idea and summarise your thoughts. · How important is it? It helps carry food and goods, saves time and energy. · Will people keep it in the future? Yes, it will. Activity 7 One great example of people changing nature is the Great Wall of China. It runs across northern China, and building first started over 2,000 years ago. The wall is over 21,000 km long—longer than the distance from Beijing to London! People built it with stone, earth, and bricks, working for many centuries. It crosses mountains and plains, changing the natural landscape into a strong defense line. Soldiers stood watch in towers and lit fires to send warning messages when enemies came. The Great Wall is very important. It protected ancient China and is now a symbol of Chinese culture loved by visitors from all over the world. People will keep it safe for the future, so it will always stand as a sign of human wisdom. Example Activity 6 Write your passage with the help of the chart. clearly explain how the system / idea works? use the words and expressions from the reading passage? give your opinion about changing nature? Step 4 Share your passage with the class. Step 3 Step 2 Check. Did you: Language points 31 1. You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West. 你或许还记得《西游记》中的火焰山。 probably 为副词，意为“大概；很可能”，在句中作状语，通常放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，用来表示对事情的推测，语气较为委婉。 例如: It will probably rain this afternoon. 今天下午很可能会下雨。 32 1. You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West. 你或许还记得《西游记》中的火焰山。 probably 的形容词为probable，意为“很可能的”。 例如: Light rain is probable tomorrow evening. 明天傍晚很可能会有小雨。 33 2. They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. 它们位于新疆维吾尔自治区东部的吐鲁番。 in the east of... 表示“在……的东部”，需注意此处的in表示“在……的内部”。 拓展： on the east of... 表示“在……的东边（外部，接壤）” to the east of... 表示“在……的东边（外部，不接壤）” 34 2. They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. 它们位于新疆维吾尔自治区东部的吐鲁番。 例如: Shandong is in the east of China. 山东在中国的东部。（内部） North Korea is on the east of China. 朝鲜在中国的东边。（接壤） Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东边。（不接壤） 35 3.The secret lies in the ancient karez system. 秘密就在于古老的坎儿井系统。 lie在此处作动词，意为“（问题、答案、责任等）存在，在于”。 拓展：lie的不同含义： 含义 词性 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 在于/躺/位于 不及物 lay lain lying 说谎 不及物 lied lied lying 36 3.The secret lies in the ancient karez system. 秘密就在于古老的坎儿井系统。 例如: Success lies in hard work. 成功在于努力工作。 The cat is lying in the sun, enjoying the warmth. 那只猫正躺在阳光下，享受着温暖。 The beautiful town lies at the foot of the mountain. 那座美丽的小镇坐落在山脚下。 37 4. It is kept cool and safe from the desert heat. 它保持凉爽，免受沙漠高温的侵袭。 keep sb./sth. from sth. 使……远离……；使……免受……（伤害、影响等） 例如: We should keep the children from danger. 我们应该让孩子们远离危险。 38 4. It is kept cool and safe from the desert heat. 它保持凉爽，免受沙漠高温的侵袭。 拓展：keep sb. from doing sth. = stop sb. (from) doing sth.=prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事； 例如: We must keep him from making the same mistake. = We must stop him (from) making the same mistake. = We must prevent him (from) making the same mistake. 我们必须阻止他犯同样的错误。 39 5.That's nearly as long as the Yellow River! 那几乎与黄河一样长！ as long as... 在此处表示“和……一样长”。 拓展：as long as还可意为“只要”，“长达；长达……之久”。 例如: The street is as long as that old one. 这条街和那条老街一样长。 As long as you work hard, you will succeed. 只要你努力，你就会成功。 The meeting lasted as long as three hours. 会议持续了长达三个小时。 40 6. No wonder it's among the top three projects of ancient China. 难怪它被列为中国古代三大工程之一。 no wonder意为“难怪；不足为奇”，常用句式为(It's) no / small / little wonder (that)...，意为“并不奇怪，不足为奇”，常用于口语。 例如: No wonder he's tired. He worked all night. 难怪他累了，他昨晚工作了一整夜。 It's no wonder she's so popular; she's always kind to everyone. 难怪她这么受欢迎，她对每个人都很好。 41 Homework 1 2 记忆单词和短语并正确朗读课文。 依照Step 3的评价标准，继续润色写作部分的小短文。 Thank you! 43 Lavf58.76.100 null 144019.3 $