Unit 4 Section B-【名师学案】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语分层进阶学习法（人教版·新教材）

单元重难点突破 重难点突破一 1.alone;lonely 2.lonely 3.alone 4.lonely 重难点突破二 1.out of control 2.control yourself 3.under control 4.in control of 重难点突破三 1.advises us to read 2.advise me on 3.pieces of advice 重难中考题型(Reading Plus) 1-2.CB 3.Laughter/It can show others that we want to be close to them.4-8.BDAAD 9-13.DCACA 14-18.BACDB 19-23.BFEDC 24.feeling 25.your teacher gives you too much homework/your team loses an important game/a friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it 26.get a headache or your stomach may hurt 27.talk to a good friend;count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug;go for a bike ride...28.We can talk about our anger with our parents/teachers/friends when we feel angry.We can do some sports/listen to music when we feel angry.Don't let the anger control us.(答案合理即可) Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Section A What is amazing about nature? 第一课时Section A(1a~2d) 1.below 2.level 3.surface 4.desert 5.bottom 6.wondered 7.depth 8.unusual 9.measurements 10.diving 11.square kilometres 12.in size 13-17.DBFAE 第二课时Section A(3a~3d) 1.longest 2.civilizations 3.development 4.waterfall 5.deserts 6.The development of 7.is;kilometres long 8.By the way 9.at all costs 10.the biggest desert 11-15.BACCD 16-20.ABDCA 21-25.DCBDB 26.About 6,300 kilometres long.27.the East Sea 28.Qutang Gorge,Wu Gorge 29.Wildlife/Animals 30.I can protect it from being polluted. 案合理即可) 单元语法小专题Grammar Focus(4a~4d) 1.farthest 2.better 3.stronger 4.longest 5.cheap 6.fifty thousand 7.one thousand,eight hundred and sixty-four 8.two thousand,two hundred and fourteen 9.1,532 10.6,650 课时精练 1.miles 2.pool 3.cubic 4.wonders 5.development 6.cubic metres 7.as well as 8.a total area of 9.at the top 10.square kilometres 11.square 12.surface 13.unusual 14.depth 15.level 16.research 17.at 18.mile 19.its 20.wonder Section B Why do we explore nature? 第三课时Section B(1a~le) 1.survive 2.condition 3.degrees 4.above 5.shoulder 6.risk 7.curiosity 8.changeable 9.death 10.successfully 11.climbers 12.northern 13.explorer 14.simply 15.went past 16.deal with 17.is determined to 18.risked his life 19.bit by bit 20-24.CBDCA 25-29.AFDCE 第四课时Section B(Vocabulary in Use-~Project) 1.risky 2.southern 3.curious 4.traveler/traveller 5.natural 6.alive 7.includes 8.attracted 9.coast 10.sand 11.different types/kinds of 12.After all 13.takes up 14.living structure 15.How heavy 16-20.CBBDD 21.climber 22.survive 23.condition 24.changeable 25.death 26.shoulder 27.by 28.successfully 29.curious 30.risk 单元写作小专题 应用文第二人称为主一般现在时为主1.thousands of2.sea of clouds 3.can't wait to do sth 4.be worth 5.a nice place to do sth 6.Every year,thousands of people visit Mount Huangshan. 7.It's enjoyable to admire the sea of clouds.8.The view looks so beautiful that you can't wait to visit it again.9.You will feel the mountain is worth visiting.10.It's really a nice place to take a trip. Dear Mary, I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China.Mount Huangshan is one of the most famous mountains in China.It is located in the south of Anhui.Every year,thousands of people visit there.You can go there by train or by plane. While climbing the mountain,it's enjoyable to admire the sea of clouds,beautiful pine trees and unique rocks around you.What's more,in the early morning,when the sun rises,the view looks so beautiful that you can't wait to visit it again.You will feel the mountain is worth visiting.It's really a nice place to take a trip. I'm sure you will have a good time there. Yours, Li Hua 单元重难点突破 重难点突破一 1.wonder if/whether 2.No wonder 3.wondered at 4.natural wonder 重难点突破二 1.risk losing 2.risk your health 3.taking risks 4.at risk 5.the risk of 重难点突破三 1.15 metres deep;measures/is 15 metres in depth 2.5 kilometres wide;measures/is 5 kilometres in width 重难中考题型(Reading Plus) 1-2.AD 3.As temperatures rise,summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls.Water bodies get smaller and the ground gets drier and drier.4-8.CDADB 9-13.DACAD 14-18.DCDDB 19-23.EBDCA 24.in 2007 25.make plans 26.Students take turns to take care of the plants.27.success 28.We should use what we learn in our daily life..(答案合理即可) Unit 5 Nature's Temper Section A What happens during a natural disaster? 第一课时Section A(1a~2d) 1.earthquake 2.flood 3.interviewed 4.neighbourhood 5.trouble 6.warned 7.waves 8.possibly 9.reported 10.nearly 11.took place 12.slow down 13.(to)do chores 14.had trouble 15.come off 16-20.EDCBF 第二课时Section A(3a~3d) 1.preparation 2.supplied;supplies 3.roofs 4.got;was taking 5.was playing;came 6.hit 7.relatives 8.when 9.truck 10.while 11.make preparations 12.get into 13.moved;off 14.heard about 15.It's dangerous to ride 16-20.DCBAD 21-25.CBABD 26-30.CACBA 31.The ways to protect yourself when an earthquake happens./How to protect yourself 43Section B Why do 第三课时Sec A基础性学习任务群 一、根据所给汉语意思完成句子。 1.It's hard for small animals to (生存)f their homes are destroyed. 2.My grandma's health is in good (状 态)；she often takes walks after dinner.. 3.The temperature outside is 25 (度) Celsius today,so it's perfect for a picnic. 4.There is a clock （在…上面)the blackboard in our classroom. 5.She carried her schoolbag on one (肩 and ran to catch the bus. 6.Smoking can increase the (风险)of serious health problems. 7.Don't be afraid to ask questions- (好 奇心)helps us learn new things. 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 8.The weather in summer is very change )-sometimes it's sunny in the morning and rainy in the afternoon. 9.Pollution in the river caused the (die) of many fish last month. 10.He studied the map carefully and successful)found the old temple in the mountain. 11.A group of (climb)stopped to rest and share water halfway up the hill. 12.We learned in geography class that the (north)part of our country has many forests. 13.The (explore)wrote a book about his dangerous journey through the desert. 14.He didn't mean to hurt you-he (simple)forgot to tell you the news. 三、从方框中选出恰当的短语并用其适当形式填空。 bit by bit be determined to deal with risk one's life go past 15.My little sister waved to me as I her classroom. we explore nature? ion B (1a~le) 16.We need to learn how to problems by ourselves instead of asking for help first. 17.My brother failed the maths test,but he get good grades next time. 18.The firefighter to rush into the burning house and saved the old man successfully. 19.The snow melted(融化) when the sun came out in the morning. B发展性学习任务群 四、阅读理解。 DOne of the world's most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas.The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.Of all the mountains,Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.It is 8,848.86 metres high and so it is very dangerous to climb.Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 2The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953.After a long and difficult climb,troubled by heavy snow,freezing wind and the lack of oxygen,they finally reached the top.They could only spend about fifteen minutes on the summit before they had to come down.The first Chinese team did so in 1960,while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 3Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 助学助教优质高效45 ()20.How high is Qomolangma? A.8,848.86 kilometres. B.8,886.48 metres. C.8,848.86 metres. D.8,886.48 kilometres. ()21.When climbing Mount Qomolangma, what difficulties may climbers meet? A.Thin clouds and heavy storms. B.Freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. C.Heavy storms and lack of water. D.Lack of food and freezing weather. ()22.新考法词义猜测The underlined word “summit”in Paragraph2 means“ ” A.bottom B.side C.foot D.top ()23.Match each paragraph with the main ideas.Which of the following is TRUE? A.1-Spirits of climbers; 2-Achievements of climbers; ③-Facts and dangers B.1-Achievements of climbers; ②-Facts and dangers; ③-Spirits of climbers C.D-Facts and dangers; 2-Achievements of climbers; ③-Spirits of climbers D.1-Spirits of climbers; ②-Facts and dangers; 3-Achievements of climbers ()24.What does the spirit of the climbers tell us? A.Never give up. B.All roads lead to Rome. C.Practice makes perfect. D.No rules,no order. 五、阅读还原。 Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world's 14 highest mountains in less than seven months. 25 Though he was born 1,600 metres 46八年级英语·下册 above sea level,he didn't climb any serious mountains until he was 29. But Mr Purja,now 36,was trained to be strong.He used to be a soldier in the British army,where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather.26 There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 metres.Mr Purja had already climbed several of them.27 The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years,ten months and six days.It was set by South Korean climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013. Mr Purja named his challenge "Project Possible".28 On October 29,just a little more than six months after he started,Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain. Though Mr Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly,it wasn't easy.For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma,Mr Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 29 Mr Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him. He hopes his efforts will inspire others."People are only limited(限制)by their imagination.”He says."If you don't dream,then you won't do it. A.Mr Purja was born in Nepal,in the Himalayas. B.He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan. C.He began on April 23,by climbing Annapurna in Nepal. D.His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months. E.They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometres per hour. F.In 2018,he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 知识掌握情况评价：优秀口良好口还需巩固口 第四课时Section B(Vo A基础性学习任务群 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.1t's (risk)to run across the busy road without looking both ways first. 2.Many people like travelling to (south) places in winter because the weather there is not too cold. 3.T'm (curiosity)about what's in the gift box,but I won't open it until my birthday. 4.We met a kind (travel)on the bus;he shared interesting stories about his hometown. 5.Her smile is very (nature)—she doesn't have to pretend to be happy. 二、从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空。 coast include sand alive attract 6.It's amazing that the plant stayed even without water for two weeks. 7.This meal a drink,so I don't need to buy one separately. 8.The cartoon was so interesting that it both children and their parents. 9.Many fishing villages are located along the because the sea provides food and work. 10.We spent the afternoon playing on the beach, and my feet were covered in warm 三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 11.我们学校的图书馆里有不同种类的书，比如故 事书、科学书和历史书。 Our school library has books,such as storybooks,science books and history books. abulary in Use~Project) 12.你犯错也没关系，毕竟没有人是完美的。 It's okay if you make a mistake. no one is perfect. 13.桌子占据这个小客厅太多空间，别把它放在 这儿。 The table too much space in the small living room-don't put it here. 14.如果你去那里游览，你将会看到地球上最大的 活体结构。 If you visit it,you will see the largest on earth. 15.一头成年大象有多重？ is an adult elephant? B发展性学习任务群 四、阅读理解。 The Eye of the Sahara is one of Earth's most amazing natural wonders.It's a special place in the desert of Mauritania,Africa.Looking from the sky,it looks like a huge,bright eye!It is as long as 500 football fields.The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different coloured parts. How was it made?Millions of years ago,the ground under the sand started to rise up.Then, wind and rain slowly wore away the soft rocks, leaving the hard ones behind.Over time,these hard rocks formed the beautiful circles we see today.From above,you can count about 10 round circles,each one has a different colour.The biggest circle is on the outside,with smaller ones inside. But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble.The desert is very dry,and sandstorms often blow over it.The sand can make the rocks difficult to see. 助学助教优质高效47 Also,not many people know about this amazing place because it's far from big cities. What can we do to help?Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks from sand.Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor centre nearby.This way,more kids and tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara. ()16.What does the Eye of the Sahara look like? A.A football field. B.A bright star. C.A colourful pizza. D.A deep ocean. ()17.What can we learn about the circles of the Eye from Paragraph 2? A.They are all the same size. B.The smallest circle is in the centre. C.Each circle has the same colour. D.There are about 8 round circles. ()18.Why can't many people visit the Eye of the Sahara easily? A.Because it's too small to find. B.Because it's far from cities. C.Because it's always full of water. D.Because it's too hot to get there. ()19.新考法词义猜测What does the underlined word“conserve”in Paragraph4 mean? A.Climb. B.Hike. C.Develop. D.Protect. ()20.新考法推断写作意图What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To talk about dangerous sandstorms. B.To tell how to build a visitor centre. 48八年级英语·下册 C.To compare different deserts in Africa. D.To describe a natural wonder and its challenges. 五、短文填空。 by change climb condition curious death risk shoulder successful survive A young 21 once dreamed of reaching the mountain top.He trained hard,knowing the journey would test his limits. To 22 on such a trip,one must respect nature.The weather 23 in the mountain is always a surprise-sunny mornings can turn into snowy afternoons. The weather here is 24.One moment you feel warm,the next cold winds make you shiver()Local people warn that carelessness may lead to 25. The climber carried a heavy bag on his 26 filled with food and tools.Step 27 step,he moved up,and finally reached the top 28. A 29 bird flew near and watched him,as if welcoming him.An old explorer once said, “Mountains teach us humility(谦卑).” Yes,every step up is a 30,but the view from above makes it all worthwhile(值得的).The climber smiled,knowing he had learned more than just climbing that day. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 知识掌握情况评价：优秀口良好口还需巩固口