专题05 首字母填空技巧及训练-2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末复习（译林版2024）

**基本信息** 以“四步解题法”为核心，融合语篇理解与语法分析，构建首字母填空系统性训练体系，提升语言综合运用与逻辑推理能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题技巧|4核心技巧（配5例题）|理清脉络→找提示词→定词形→析句子成分，形成“语篇-语境-语法”三阶解题链|从整体理解到局部分析，从语义推测到语法验证，层层递进| |同步训练/真题|8单元+12篇期末真题|结合高频考点（如动词时态、名词单复数），强化技巧迁移应用|覆盖社会热点、文化现象等主题，实现“方法-题型-语境”三维联动|

专题05 首字母填空技巧及训练 解题技巧 1.理清文章脉络 　　首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇 文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能 够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。 例1    Here are some t　　      to help improve children's working memory. 2.找出提示词 　　解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。 例2    Eating vegetables does not make us f because they are low in calories. 例3 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? 3.确定适当形式 仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。 动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。 例4   This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the (71)e to grow. 例5   The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c       by many as the “treasure of the museum”. 4.从句子成分角度分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语等。 （1）名词表示人和物，实词。句中主要作主语和宾语。 例：Tony’s family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived. The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil. The k was filled with many good smells. （2）动词表示人或事物的动作、行为、发展、变化。句中作谓语和非谓语动词形式。 例：Tony is Chinese American. Hisfamily members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week. Last week Tony i his friend Amy for it. （3）形容词主要修饰名词 ， 表示事物的形状 、 性质 、 颜色 、 状态等。 例：Don't drive your car in London! Car parks are very e . You have to pay a special congestion charge (拥堵费) to drive your car into the city centre. （4）副词说明时间、地点、程度、方式等，修饰动词、形容词、整个句子； 例：Tickets at reducedprices are not available for first-class travels or for travels a ,such as to France or Germany.（上海中考英语真题） （5）连词用来连接词与词，词组与词组，句子与句子的虚词，主要表示逻辑关系。 U we are careful, it’s easy to fail to recognized an opportunity when it is in hand. 同步训练 Unit1 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，根据上下文和首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，使短文通顺、意思完整。 Ten years ago, my hometown was just a small quiet town. The streets were n 1 , with only a few small shops on both sides. People lived a simple life, and the only fun was to chat with neighbors or watch TV at home. Today, my hometown has t 2 into a busy modern town. The old narrow roads have become wide streets with green trees and beautiful flowers. Last year, a new shopping mall o 3 in the center of the town. People can buy everything they need there, and it only takes 10 minutes to walk there from my home. It u 4 to take us half an hour to get to the nearest big supermarket in the city. How fast our town changes! O 5 , there was a large waste land behind our neighborhood. But now it has become a beautiful park with a lake and a sports center. Every morning, many old people do exercise there. On weekends, children have great fun playing different kinds of sports, i 6 basketball, football and so on. Even my grandma has changed a lot. She u 7 to know nothing about the Internet, but now she can use a smartphone to video-call my aunt in Beijing and even buy things online. The new library near the park is my favorite place. You can borrow books just by s 8 your ID card, no need for librarians. Some things never change, though. The old tree in the center of the town s 9 stands tall, as a symbol of our hometown. The old tea-house still sells traditional tea, mixing the old traditions with our m 10 lives. I love the changes of my hometown, and I’m happy to see it growing better and better. Unit2 （25-26八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限一词。 Last summer, I visited Mount Huangshan. It’s such an e 1 experience that I’ll never forget it. The journey started early in the morning. I took a taxi and m 2 my way to the mountain. The air was fresh, and the scenery (风景) along the way was beautiful. As I reached the foot of the mountain, I saw many visitors from home and a 3 . They carried big bags and cameras, ready to take great photos. Some people chose to take the cable car because it could save time and e 4 . But I decided to climb the mountain on my own. It was hard but exciting. There were lots of s 5 , and sometimes the path was steep (陡峭的). However, they didn’t s 6 me climbing. I took breaks along the way to catch my breath and a 7 the views. The mountain was c 8 with green trees and rocks in strange shapes. I also saw some monkeys playing in the trees. When I finally arrived at the top, I saw a wonderful sea of clouds, and the sun was shining brightly. It felt 1 9 I was in a painting. Through the journey, I not only enjoyed the beauty of nature but also f 10 in love with climbing. It’s really one of the best adventures I’ve ever had! Unit3 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）Thanks to the Internet, online travel has become easier, cheaper and more interesting than before. Nowadays, the Internet has c 1 changed many things in our life, including how we travel. First, we can plan our trips e 2 online. We don’t need to buy paper maps or ask others for directions. With just a few c 3 , we can find information about famous scenic spots, read travel a 4 from other visitors, and even watch videos of the places we want to visit. This helps us know what to expect and make b 5 plans. Second, b 6 tickets and hotels is much simpler. In the past, we had to go to travel agencies or railway stations in p 7 . But now, we can do so on our phones anytime, anywhere. We can also compare p 8 and choose the best deals, which saves us both time and money. The online tour opens up a new world for us to e 9 . I love this new way of travelling and look forward to visiting more places with the h 10 of the Internet. Unit4 （25-26八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 The book Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is a classic science fiction adventure novel by the French writer Jules Verne. Verne was a son of a lawyer. However, he decided to be a writer i 1 of a lawyer. He liked sailing and the sea. He also liked travelling around the world. He and his wife s 2 much time sailing on his ship. They sailed to many places and had adventures. Later, all of these were written i 3 his books. The book Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is about Captain Nemo and his submarine (潜艇)—a kind of vessel that travels under w 4 . His submarine is called Nautilus. Submarines are common today, but Verne wrote about this submarine many years b 5 they appeared! Some of Verne’s ideas came true in history. The story starts in New York City and takes the readers to many d 6 places. Verne describes some real places like the Mediterranean Sea, the South Pole and the Antarctic. But the story a 7 talks about visits to some fictional locations like Atlantis, an underwater city. Many people think the title Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea means h 8 deep the submarine travels under the water. However, the submarine never travels over a few leagues below the water. In fact, the title refers to the distance which Captain Nemo and his submarine travel during the course of the book. The book is f 9 of mysteries and magic things under water. It has been translated into many different l 10 and sells well. Unit5 （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段检测）It is common to experience culture shock (冲击) when living in a foreign country for a certain period of time. Culture shock is the uncomfortable f 1 of uncertainty that many people experience when they live in other surroundings. It is a quite natural part of being used to a new e 2 . Some good w 3 to successfully reduce and overcome (克服) culture shock are to read about the place where you will be staying and the things you will be doing, also, if possible, speak with someone who has already lived in the new environment. Once you are there, keep in mind that people and customs may be very different from what you are used to. If you have r 4 the difficulties and misunderstandings that may happen to you, you will keep a cool head, and keeping an open m 5 will allow you to find ways of d 6 with those problems that may appear. If it is possible, try your best to talk with the local people and ask them questions. Don’t try to isolate (孤立) yourself, even if it is within a group of people from your own country. Local people will generally be pleased to i 7 you to their culture and willing to answer questions. Don’t be afraid of making m 8 . When you want to learn something from local people, they are usually willing to share their culture with you and learn from you in turn. Most importantly, keep a sense of h 9 ! Don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t know what to do in a social situation. Laugh at yourself and others will laugh with you. Most people will admire your wisdom and effort to understand their ways, especially if you have no idea of small cultural d 10 . Unit6 （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·月考）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 Liam Hannon was 10 when he started giving out free lunches to people who were hungry. He and his family made 20 sandwiches, put them in brown bags he had decorated, added a b 1 of water and a granola bar, and gave them away. Liam is now 14 and his project is s 2 going strong. With help from other supporters, he h 3 out 75 to 100 lunches three times a month. We are asking Liam to tell us about it. How did you get started? Four summers ago, I didn’t want to go to camp. My dad said, “You can’t stay at home doing n 4 .” So I did an online treasure-hunt program where you do academic challenges to move forward. I picked service as a subject. The first week, the challenge told us to do something to h 5 people who are experiencing homelessness. I said, “Dad, there are people right outside our building who are so h 6 . Why don’t we make them lunch?” We made peanut butter & jam and went out with our wagon. The lunches were distributed very quickly. What’s the most rewarding thing about what you do? I’d say meeting the people. They’re genuine (真诚的) people who just need a little k 7 in their lives. What would you tell other kids who want to make a d 58 Do something that you e 8 doing, and then you’ll be more inspired to help others. And get your friends and family involved. I invite friends to help with lunches, and a 9 every time, they’ve come and given out lunches with me and my dad. Their willingness gives me confidence. Unit7 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。 UNICEF is part of the United Nations. After World War Ⅱ, many children’s lives were c 1 greatly because of the terrible war and UNICEF wanted to help them. Now UNICEF works in over 190 countries and areas. It has helped build a better world for everyone, e 2 children all over the world. For example, in some poor areas, children don’t have c 3 water or food. Some of them even lose their lives from diseases. And many families can’t a 4 to send children to school. So UNICEF helps g 5 , communities and families to protect these children. It helps offer these children enough water and food. It wants all children to be h 6 and tries to prevent them from getting ill. It provides basic education and r 7 money for poor children in many countries. It helps them go to school. It also works for the equal r 8 of girls and women. “More money is needed to carry on with our work. UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities,” A local o 9 says. “Luckily, more and more people are supporting UNICEF by donating money or working as volunteers. Let’s work together to make a big d 10 to the world! We hope everyone can give a helping hand to us.” Unit8 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试） Dear classmates, World Environment Day is coming. Are you ready to go g 1 ? Everybody can do something to protect our environment. You only have to remember three words: reduce, reuse, and recycle. First, we should focus on r 2 waste and pollution. For example, we can save water by taking shorter showers. We can turn o 3 the lights when leaving a room to save electricity. We should also say no to s 4 -use plastic bags and bottles. Second, reusing old things is another way to live an e 5 -friendly life. It produces less waste. We can d 6 our old clothes or books to charities. We can also shop at s 7 -hand stores. Finally, remember to recycle. Things like paper, plastic, and glass can be recycled and made into new things. We should also collect used b 8 and electronic products for recycling. If we all follow these steps and use our rich r 9 wisely, we can make a big d 10 and enjoy a better world! 期末真题 （1） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）首字母填空 Paying for bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of plastic bus card. B 1 one Indonesian city has decided to accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses. Surabaya, Indonesia’s second largest city, l 2 on the eastern end of the country’s main island Java, made this decision in April 2018. Now l 3 can pay for their bus rides by putting plastic cups or bottles directly on the bus. A two-hour bus ride costs 10 plastic cups or 5 bottles. Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter, producing u 4 to 2.4 million tons of plastic waste into the ocean every year, according to a report. The head of Surabaya’s transportation department said. “With this decision, we hope to raise public awareness about the environment, e 5 people’s awareness about plastic waste.” The collected bottles are s 6 to recycling companies and the money earned from it goes toward running the bus companies and p 7 money for green spaces in the city. This is certainly turning rubbish into a national t 8 . The decision is part of the city’s p 9 —to become plastic waste-free within a few years. In order to encourage local people to take buses, the city also added new Surabaya buses. They are air conditioned, comfortable and easy for elderly and d 10 passengers to get on and off. This type of programme can be a model for other cities worldwide and encourage citizens to recycle their plastic waste. （2） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Hey, everyone. Have you heard of World Rainforest Day? It’s on June 22nd, and it’s like a big birthday party for the most amazing places on Earth—the rainforests. Rainforests cover just 6% of the Earth’s surface but are h 1 to over half of all the world’s plants and animals. Imagine walking t 2 a rainforest, hearing the calls of colorful birds, spotting playful monkeys swinging from tree to tree, and seeing giant trees that r 3 for the sky. These places are not only beautiful but also i 4 . They’re often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they suck in carbon dioxide and p 5 oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live. S 6 , these rainforests are in big trouble. Every day, huge areas of them are cut down for things like farming, logging, and building cities. If this c 7 , many amazing plants and animals will disappear. But don’t worry—we can be rainforest heroes. We can start by using less paper and choosing products that don’t hurt the rainforests. Also, s 8 the word to our friends and family about how awesome rainforests are helps a lot. On World Rainforest Day, there are cool things to do. Fun science projects about rainforests might be o 9 by schools, like making a mini rainforest in a jar. There are also tree- planting events. They are situations w 10 you can get your hands dirty and help grow new forests. So, mark June 22nd on your calendar. Let’s join hands and show the world that we’re ready to protect these natural treasures. （3） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. （4） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 When I was six, a new family moved into the house next door. There was a girl, Frances, who was about my a 1 . We became best friends soon. I was too young to notice the s 2 situation in her life, but my mother did. Mom found that Frances never invited a 3 into their house. Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back looking very t 4 and pale. Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home. Frances was a 5 hungry, and her clothes were often too small. One day, Mom asked me, “Would you mind if I gave Frances some of your clothes?” I agreed. From then on, I saw h 6 Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else. This continued for years, u 7 we were both teenagers. But then her mother decided they were moving back to Ireland. We promised to w 8 to each other. Years later, Mom received a letter from Frances. It said, “I have used your mother’s e 9 as my guide to care for people around me. Now, I work to help children in similar situations, and I run a successful charity supporting poor children. Your mother has t 10 me what proper care feels like. We never know how our kindness will influence others, but it’s always worth trying.” （5） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-5的相应位置上。 Spending time outdoors, especially in green spaces, is good for you! It is one of the fastest ways to i 1 your health and happiness. It’s been shown to lower stress, blood pressure (血压) and heart rate, and bring better mood and mental (心理的) health, and even help you learn. Now, a new study published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research adds to the evidence (证据) and shows just how little time it takes to get the benefits of being outside. Spending just 20 minutes in a park—even if you don’t exercise while you’re there—is e 2 for better well-being, according to the research. For the study, researchers surveyed (调查) 94 adults. They visited one of three parks near Birmingham. They were g 3 fitness trackers (跟踪器) to measure physical activity. Each person also answered questions about their life satisfaction (满意) before and after their park visit. Their answers were used to calculate (计算) a well-being score. The average park visit lasted 32 minutes, and 30% of people took part in physical activity while there. Well-being scores r 4 during the park visit in 60% of people. Outdoor Physical activity was not n 5 for better well-being, the study authors found. For many people in the study, simply being in green space seemed to have caused a change, says one of the study authors Hon Yuen. “Some people may go to the park and just enjoy nature,” Yuen says. “You relax and reduce stress, and then you feel happier.” （6） （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 A government action works—many schools in China are adding more h 1 now. The idea is that some primary and secondary schools can have spring and autumn breaks (短假期) for students, but it should d 2 on their own needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School e 3 a five-day spring break this March. They looked into history and science at the museums. “W 4 others are stuck in classrooms, we’re out exploring the real world,” said one of the students. Yin Xianwen, head of the school, sees it as a good way for the students to l 5 about the world. “Visiting historical places is a history lesson, w 6 plants grow is a lesson in biology and travelling together is a lesson in t 7 skills,” Yin said. “It offers students the chance to get the most useful growth experiences during the most beautiful s 8 .” Also, students can enjoy the breaks with f 9 . Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home and talking can help bring each other c 10 and reduce stress (压力) in studying. The government, schools, families and communities are working together to make the breaks work well. They aren’t just for fun. They can help students become well-rounded learners. （7） （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） More and more people like going bike riding in China these years. It is fun, healthy, and good for the environment. Bikes can t 1 you almost anywhere, and it’s green, though there are m 2 cars than bikes on the roads all over the world. Get on a bike and ride around your neighborhood. You may feel fun to find s 3 new around you. A 15-minute bike riding three times a week can make you h 4 . And it’s helpful for our environment. It will not p 5 the air. What’s more, bicycling can improve your mood (心情). Scientists say e 6 like bicycling can make people feel better and more relaxed. In many places, there are paths for bike riding, and people call it “g 7 path”. There are lots of trees on both sides of the road. On weekends, lots of parents take their children there. They hope their children can have a good rest and do some sports after a b 8 week. It is also a great place for people to m 9 their family members or friends. So let’s ride b 10 more, and this will certainly give our children a better world in the future. （8） （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 I found Friday to be both a skilled worker and an able sailor. We had a tidy craft and plenty of practice. We p 1 to leave after the rainy season. Right at the end of the rainy season, we awoke to learn Friday’s enemies had returned. When I saw Friday’s face, I decided that this time we would not hide. W 2 guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was s 3 they would soon lose interest in the fight. S 4 I headed toward the beach to scout out (探查) the situation. A man lay upon the beach. His hands and f 5 were tied. He was a European and had clothes on. Now it was not o 6 Friday’s countrymen for whom I fought, but my own. Friday and I opened fire on the captors (劫持者). Friday proved the better shot. We shot many and wounded still more before p 7 up our muskets (火枪) and running to the beach. I raced to the European, and Friday followed. He fired upon anybody who stood too close. I c 8 the ties that bound (绑) the man and asked h 9 in Portuguese (葡萄牙语), “What are you?” He answered in a whisper of Latin, “Christianus (基督徒).” I asked what country he c 10 from. “Espaniole (西班牙),” he said. —Taken from Robinson Crusoe （9） （24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students r 1 for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences h 2 . Whether (无论) visiting museums, places of interest, or friends’ homes, it’s important to f 3 proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First, many places have p 4 signs saying “No touching” or “No photos”—follow these instructions. Second, keep your v 5 down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third, never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend’s home, bring a small g 6 like flowers or chocolates. You are e 7 to take off shoes in some families. Never t 8 private (私人的) things if the host doesn’t agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen c 9 to guides. Put up your hand for questions i 10 of shouting out. As the saying goes, “Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot.” Let’s all be polite visitors （10） （24-25八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 On a small hill in Huaping, there is a small school. However, o 1 the past fourteen years, it has changed the future of over 2,000 poor girls by sending them to colleges. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She began teaching in Huaping—one of China’s p 2 areas about twenty years ago. The teacher found many girls would just stop coming to school one day. Later, Zhang learned they were made to work or get married to s 3 their family. “Every child has the r 4 to receive education,” she said. “However, these poor girls don’t even have a c 5 to stand on the starting line.” To change this, Zhang spent years raising money. Finally in 2008, she s 6 up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day and tries her best to help the students. After years of h 7 work, she is in poor health, but in her mind the school and the students are more important. Zhang’s story has deeply t 8 people all over China and inspired (激励) many to follow in her footsteps. Zhou Yunli, one of her students, heard the school was short of maths teachers. She r 9 to the school to teach at once after college. “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody,” Zhou said. “I’m p 10 that I can do my part. When we become strong, we must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” （11） （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）根据首字母提示及短文内容填写所缺的单词，使短文完整通顺。 After fresh rain in mountains bare, Autumn permeates (渗透) evening air. Among pine trees bright moonbeams peer. Over crystal stones flows water clear. Bamboos whisper of washer-maids, Lotus (莲) stirs when fishing boat wades. Though fragrant spring may pass away, Still here’s the place for you to stay. The above eight sentences are from a famous poem “Autumn Evening in the Mountains” which was w 1 by Wang Wei, a well- known poet and painter who lived during the Tang dynasty. He has won very h 2 praise for “having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry”. When Wang describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting. At the b 3 of this poem, Wang shows readers a clear sky, with moonlight and a view of mountains far away. Moving closer, he describes the pine trees and flowing w 4 . Wang also shows the power of colors in the poem. E 5 described in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色). These colors can create a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere (和谐的氛围). This makes it easier for readers to imagine and f 6 the beauty of the landscape. In the last part of the poem, Wang says that spring may p 7 away, while the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village remain a special place. In this way, he simply wants to show his l 8 of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption (腐败) on the royal court (朝廷). By describing the scenery, the poem also shows Wang’s characteristics. For example, pine trees and lotus stand for perseverance (毅力) and nobility (高洁), and they also r 9 Chinese spirits nowadays. Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese c 10 . It is never too late to learn. （12） （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）根据首字母提示, 完成短文中所缺词汇。 “Look in my eyes. Tell me why.” Have you found yourself listening to. “ancient (古代的) people” online r 1 ? Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring some famous people from h 2 like Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Du Fu “back to life”. These videos have become more popular, showing these ancient icons speaking in a modern l 3 . In one video, Du Fu talks about his special experience during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another video, Ming Dynasty m 4 scientist Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles, like trying to be healthy by d 5 goji berry (枸杞)  water but still staying up late. “The videos make me want to learn more about important ancient people. I didn’t know much about their stories b 6 ,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. However, the new trend isn’t for everyone. The way these ancient people s 7 , in high tones and always asking questions, causes some people to be angry. “They’re too pushy, which is different from how they really were,” said 14-year-old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu. Xia Boen, 14, from Hubei, f 8 the same. But he was very surprised to find that he could remember almost everything they said about their own interesting e 9 and great achievements (成就). It thanked to the speaking style in the videos. These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. But “we should be c 10 with these videos, making sure they are not sharing fake information,” noted Nanfang Daily. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 首字母填空技巧及训练 解题技巧 1.理清文章脉络 　　首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇 文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能 够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。 例1    Here are some t　　      to help improve children's working memory. 解题思路    下文各个段落是在讲“如何帮助提高孩子们的工作记忆”。所以此处可用ways, suggestions, tips等词。根据首字母t可知,此处填tips。 2.找出提示词 　　解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。 例2    Eating vegetables does not make us f because they are low in calories. 解题思路    根据空后“because they are low in calories”可知,蔬菜是低卡路里的食物,所以不会让人发胖,故填fat。 例3 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? 解题思路    all the other后接可数名词复数。根据上文“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from...”可知是把扬州中国大运河博物馆和中国其他的大运河博物馆作比较。故填museums。 3.确定适当形式 仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。 动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。 例4   This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the (71)e to grow. 解题思路    根据空前的“This is not because they are the most nutritious”可知,此处也需要填最高级,根据语境、常识和首字母可知,此处表示它们是最容易种植的,故填easiest。 例5   The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c       by many as the “treasure of the museum”. 解题思路    consider...as...认为……是……。根据主语The...Bian River section和空格后的by many可 知,此句用被动语态。故填过去分词considered。 4.从句子成分角度分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语等。 （1）名词表示人和物，实词。句中主要作主语和宾语。 例：Tony’s family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived. The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil. The k was filled with many good smells. 解析：the 后接名词，充当主语。根据上文 cooking 等，这里填写 kitchen。 （2）动词表示人或事物的动作、行为、发展、变化。句中作谓语和非谓语动词形式。 例：Tony is Chinese American. Hisfamily members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week. Last week Tony i his friend Amy for it. 解析：此空所填词在句中作谓语动词，后跟宾语从句，所以判断此处所填应为及物动词，根据上文中 meal 可知填 invited。 （3）形容词主要修饰名词 ， 表示事物的形状 、 性质 、 颜色 、 状态等。 例：Don't drive your car in London! Car parks are very e . You have to pay a special congestion charge (拥堵费) to drive your car into the city centre. 解析：所填成分在剧中修饰主语 car parks，，修饰名词用形容词，所以判断此空填写的词为形容词。根据下文 a special charge 意思可知填 expensive。 （4）副词说明时间、地点、程度、方式等，修饰动词、形容词、整个句子； 例：Tickets at reducedprices are not available for first-class travels or for travels a ,such as to France or Germany.（上海中考英语真题） 解析：所填之空作状语修饰动词，判断此处词性应为副词，根据上下文得出此处填 abroad（adv. 更好的；更多的；较大程度地），修饰 travel。 （5）连词用来连接词与词，词组与词组，句子与句子的虚词，主要表示逻辑关系。 U we are careful, it’s easy to fail to recognized an opportunity when it is in hand. 解析：此句中有两个分句，而没有连词链接，所以判断空中填入的应为连词，而根据上下文意，这里应填入表示条件的连词 unless（“除非”） 同步训练 Unit1 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，根据上下文和首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，使短文通顺、意思完整。 Ten years ago, my hometown was just a small quiet town. The streets were n 1 , with only a few small shops on both sides. People lived a simple life, and the only fun was to chat with neighbors or watch TV at home. Today, my hometown has t 2 into a busy modern town. The old narrow roads have become wide streets with green trees and beautiful flowers. Last year, a new shopping mall o 3 in the center of the town. People can buy everything they need there, and it only takes 10 minutes to walk there from my home. It u 4 to take us half an hour to get to the nearest big supermarket in the city. How fast our town changes! O 5 , there was a large waste land behind our neighborhood. But now it has become a beautiful park with a lake and a sports center. Every morning, many old people do exercise there. On weekends, children have great fun playing different kinds of sports, i 6 basketball, football and so on. Even my grandma has changed a lot. She u 7 to know nothing about the Internet, but now she can use a smartphone to video-call my aunt in Beijing and even buy things online. The new library near the park is my favorite place. You can borrow books just by s 8 your ID card, no need for librarians. Some things never change, though. The old tree in the center of the town s 9 stands tall, as a symbol of our hometown. The old tea-house still sells traditional tea, mixing the old traditions with our m 10 lives. I love the changes of my hometown, and I’m happy to see it growing better and better. 【答案】1．narrow/arrow 2．turned/urned 3．opened/pened 4．used/sed 5．Once/nce 6．including/ncluding 7．used/sed 8．scanning/canning 9．still/till 10．modern/odern 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家乡在过去十年间从一个小而宁静的城镇转变为现代化城镇的过程，对比了街道、购物、环境、生活方式等方面的变化，同时也提到了一些未曾改变的传统事物。 1．句意：街道很狭窄，两边只有几家小商店。系动词were后需填形容词作表语，描述过去街道的样子。根据后文“only a few small shops”及与现在“wide streets”的对比，首字母n提示应填narrow，意为“狭窄的”。 2．句意：如今，我的家乡已经变成了一个繁忙的现代化城镇。固定搭配“turn into”意为“转变成”，空格处需填过去分词与has构成现在完成时。首字母t提示应填turned，意为“转变”。 3．句意：去年，一个新的购物中心在镇中心开业。主语a new shopping mall后缺谓语动词，描述过去发生的事应用一般过去时。首字母o提示应填opened，意为“开业，开放”。 4．句意：过去我们需要花半小时才能到达城里最近的大超市。固定搭配“used to do”意为“过去常常做某事”，描述过去的状态与现在形成对比。首字母u提示应填used，构成It used to take...结构。 5．句意：过去，我们小区后面有一大片荒地。此处需填副词作状语，与后文“But now”形成时间对比。结合语境“过去曾经”之意及首字母O提示，应填Once，意为“曾经，从前”，置于句首首字母大写。 6．句意：周末，孩子们可以玩各种运动，例如篮球、足球等。此处需填介词或副词，用于列举例子。首字母i提示应填including，意为“包括”。 7．句意：她过去对互联网一无所知，但现在她能用智能手机和在北京的阿姨视频通话，甚至在网上购物。固定搭配“used to do”意为“过去常常”，描述过去的习惯或状态。首字母u提示应填used。 8．句意：你只需刷一下身份证就可以借书，不需要图书管理员。介词by后需填动名词作宾语。根据语境，借书时刷卡操作，首字母s提示应填scanning，意为“扫描，刷”。 9．句意：镇中心那棵老树依然高高矗立，作为我们家乡的象征。主语The old tree后缺状语修饰stands，首字母s及上文“Some things never change”提示应填still，意为“仍然”，表示老树历经变化依然存在。 10．句意：老茶馆仍然卖传统茶，把旧传统和我们的现代生活融合在一起。形容词性物主代词our后需填形容词修饰名词lives。根据上下文，与“old traditions”相对，首字母m提示应填modern，意为“现代的”。 Unit2 （25-26八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限一词。 Last summer, I visited Mount Huangshan. It’s such an e 1 experience that I’ll never forget it. The journey started early in the morning. I took a taxi and m 2 my way to the mountain. The air was fresh, and the scenery (风景) along the way was beautiful. As I reached the foot of the mountain, I saw many visitors from home and a 3 . They carried big bags and cameras, ready to take great photos. Some people chose to take the cable car because it could save time and e 4 . But I decided to climb the mountain on my own. It was hard but exciting. There were lots of s 5 , and sometimes the path was steep (陡峭的). However, they didn’t s 6 me climbing. I took breaks along the way to catch my breath and a 7 the views. The mountain was c 8 with green trees and rocks in strange shapes. I also saw some monkeys playing in the trees. When I finally arrived at the top, I saw a wonderful sea of clouds, and the sun was shining brightly. It felt 1 9 I was in a painting. Through the journey, I not only enjoyed the beauty of nature but also f 10 in love with climbing. It’s really one of the best adventures I’ve ever had! 【答案】1．exciting/xciting 2．made/ade 3．abroad/broad 4．energy/nergy 5．steps/teps 6．stop/top 7．admire/dmire 8．covered/overed 9．like/ike 10．fell/ell 【导语】 本文讲述了作者去年夏天游览黄山的经历，描述了沿途的风景、登山过程以及山顶所见的美景，表达了作者对自然美景的喜爱和对登山的热爱。 1．句意：这是一次如此令人兴奋的经历，我永远不会忘记。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“experience”。根据后文描述的登山经历以及“I’ll never forget it”可知，这次经历是令人兴奋的。结合首字母“e”，应填exciting，表示“令人兴奋的”。 2．句意：我乘出租车前往那座山。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，与“my way to the mountain”构成动宾结构，表示“前往某地”。根据语境和首字母“m”，应填made，make one’s way to为固定短语，表示“前往”。 3．句意：当我到达山脚下时，我看到了许多来自国内外的游客。该处需一个副词，与“home”并列，表示游客的来源地。根据语境和首字母“a”，应填abroad，表示“在国外”，与“home”形成对比，即国内外游客。 4．句意：有些人选择乘坐缆车，因为它可以节省时间和精力。该处需一个名词，与“time”并列，作“save”的宾语。根据语境和首字母“e”，应填energy，表示“精力”。 5．句意：有很多台阶，有时小路很陡峭。该处需一个名词，在句中作主语，根据后文“sometimes the path was steep”以及登山常识可知，此处指的是“台阶”。结合首字母“s”，应填steps，表示“台阶”。 6．句意：然而，它们并没有阻止我攀登。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，与“me climbing”构成动宾结构，表示“阻止某人做某事”。根据语境和首字母“s”，应填stop，表示“阻止”。 7．句意：我一路上休息，喘口气，欣赏风景。该处需一个动词，在句中与“catch my breath”并列，作谓语，表示作者在休息时做的另一件事。根据语境和首字母“a”，应填admire，表示“欣赏”。 8．句意：山上绿树成荫，岩石形状奇特。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，与“with green trees and rocks in strange shapes”构成动宾结构，表示山被绿树和岩石覆盖。根据语境和首字母“c”，应填covered，be covered with为固定短语，表示“被……覆盖”。 9．句意：感觉就像我在一幅画中。该处需一个介词，与“I was in a painting”构成表语从句，表示作者的感觉。根据语境和首字母“l”，应填like，表示“像”。 10．句意：通过这次旅行，我不仅欣赏了大自然的美景，还爱上了爬山。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，与“in love with climbing”构成动宾结构，表示作者爱上了爬山。根据语境和首字母“f”，应填fell，fall in love with为固定短语，表示“爱上”，且根据前文“not only enjoyed”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填fell。 Unit3 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）Thanks to the Internet, online travel has become easier, cheaper and more interesting than before. Nowadays, the Internet has c 1 changed many things in our life, including how we travel. First, we can plan our trips e 2 online. We don’t need to buy paper maps or ask others for directions. With just a few c 3 , we can find information about famous scenic spots, read travel a 4 from other visitors, and even watch videos of the places we want to visit. This helps us know what to expect and make b 5 plans. Second, b 6 tickets and hotels is much simpler. In the past, we had to go to travel agencies or railway stations in p 7 . But now, we can do so on our phones anytime, anywhere. We can also compare p 8 and choose the best deals, which saves us both time and money. The online tour opens up a new world for us to e 9 . I love this new way of travelling and look forward to visiting more places with the h 10 of the Internet. 【答案】1．completely/ompletely 2．easily/asily 3．clicks/licks 4．advice/dvice 5．better/etter 6．booking/ooking 7．person/erson 8．prices/rices 9．explore/xplore 10．help/elp 【导语】本文介绍了互联网如何改变在线旅行：让行程规划更便捷、票务酒店预订更简单，还能节省时间金钱，展现了网络对旅行方式的积极影响。 1．句意：如今，互联网已经彻底改变了我们生活中的许多事情，包括我们的旅行方式。根据 “changed”的修饰及首字母“c”，此处需用副词表示“彻底地”，填completely。 2．句意：首先，我们可以在网上轻松规划行程。根据“plan our trips”的修饰及首字母“e”，此处需用副词表示“轻松地”，填easily。 3．句意：只需点击几下，我们就能找到著名景点的信息。根据“a few”（后接名词复数）及首字母 “c”，此处表示“点击”，填clicks。 4．句意：阅读其他游客的旅行建议。根据“travel”的修饰及首字母 “a”，此处表示“建议”（不可数名词），填advice。 5．句意：这有助于我们了解预期情况并制定更好的计划。根据“plans”的修饰及首字母“b”，此处用比较级表示“更好的”，填better。 6．句意：其次，预订票务和酒店变得简单得多。根据 “tickets and hotels” 的语境及首字母 “b”，此处用动名词作主语表示“预订”，填booking。 7．句意：过去，我们得亲自去旅行社或火车站。根据“in”的搭配及首字母“p”，“in person”是固定搭配，表示“亲自”，填person。 8．句意：我们还可以比较价格，选择最优惠的交易。根据“compare”的宾语及首字母“p”，此处用复数表示“价格”，填prices。 9．句意：在线旅行为我们打开了一个可以探索的新世界。根据“a new world”的语境及首字母“e”，此处表示“探索”，填explore。 10．句意：我期待在互联网的帮助下参观更多地方。根据“with the”的搭配及首字母“h”，“with the help of”是固定搭配，表示“在……的帮助下”，填help。 Unit4 （25-26八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 The book Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is a classic science fiction adventure novel by the French writer Jules Verne. Verne was a son of a lawyer. However, he decided to be a writer i 1 of a lawyer. He liked sailing and the sea. He also liked travelling around the world. He and his wife s 2 much time sailing on his ship. They sailed to many places and had adventures. Later, all of these were written i 3 his books. The book Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is about Captain Nemo and his submarine (潜艇)—a kind of vessel that travels under w 4 . His submarine is called Nautilus. Submarines are common today, but Verne wrote about this submarine many years b 5 they appeared! Some of Verne’s ideas came true in history. The story starts in New York City and takes the readers to many d 6 places. Verne describes some real places like the Mediterranean Sea, the South Pole and the Antarctic. But the story a 7 talks about visits to some fictional locations like Atlantis, an underwater city. Many people think the title Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea means h 8 deep the submarine travels under the water. However, the submarine never travels over a few leagues below the water. In fact, the title refers to the distance which Captain Nemo and his submarine travel during the course of the book. The book is f 9 of mysteries and magic things under water. It has been translated into many different l 10 and sells well. 【答案】1．instead/nstead 2．spent/pent 3．in/n/into/nto 4．water/ater 5．before/efore 6．different/ifferent 7．also/lso 8．how/ow 9．full/ull 10．languages/anguages 【导语】本文主要介绍了法国作家儒勒·凡尔纳的创作背景及其经典科幻小说《海底两万里》的故事梗概和书名含义。 1．句意：然而，他决定成为一名作家而不是律师。根据上文“Verne was a son of a lawyer”可知凡尔纳出身律师家庭，但“However”表示转折，说明他做出了与父辈不同的职业选择。“instead of”为固定搭配，意为“代替、而不是”，结合首字母i，instead符合语境。 2．句意：他和他的妻子花费大量时间在他的船上航行。上文提到“He liked sailing and the sea”，说明航海是他的爱好，所以花费大量时间航行。“spend time doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事”，根据上下文叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填spent。 3．句意：后来，所有这些都被写进了他的书里。上文提到他和妻子航海旅行、经历冒险，此处“written…his books”表示将这些经历记录在书中。“write in”表示“写入”，“write into”也意为“写进、写入”，故in/into都符合语境。 4．句意：《海底两万里》讲述了尼摩船长和他的潜艇——一种在水下航行的交通工具——的故事。上文提出潜艇“Nautilus”，此处“travels under…”是对潜艇功能的解释。“under water”意为“在水下”，符合对潜艇航行环境的描述，故填water。 5．句意：潜艇在今天很常见，但凡尔纳是在潜艇出现许多年前就写到了这种潜艇！上文说明现代潜艇很常见，但此处“many years…they appeared”中的“they”指代submarines，结合下文“Some of Verne’s ideas came true in history”可知，凡尔纳的描写早于实际潜艇的出现。结合首字母b，“before”意为“在……之前”，符合时间先后逻辑。 6．句意：故事从纽约市开始，带领读者去许多不同的地方。下文举例提到了“the Mediterranean Sea, the South Pole and the Antarctic”等真实地点，以及“Atlantis”等虚构地点，说明故事涉及的地点类型多样、各不相同。结合首字母d，“different”意为“不同的”，修饰places，符合上下文语境。 7．句意：但故事也提到了对一些虚构地点的访问，比如水下城市亚特兰蒂斯。上文提到凡尔纳描写了一些真实地点，此处“But the story a… talks about”中的“But”表示转折后补充信息，“also”意为“也”，用于说明除了真实地点之外，故事还涉及虚构地点，符合逻辑。 8．句意：许多人认为《海底两万里》这个书名指的是潜艇在水下航行得有多深。下文指出“the submarine never travels over a few leagues below the water”，说明书名并非指深度。“how deep”意为“多深”，符合许多人误解的语义。 9．句意：这本书充满了水下的神秘和神奇事物。上文提到书中包含真实与虚构地点，“be full of”为固定搭配，意为“充满”，用于描述书中内容丰富，故填full。 10．句意：它已被翻译成许多不同的语言并且销量很好。上文提到该书在全球广受欢迎，书籍被翻译成不同的“语言”，结合首字母l提示，“language”(语言)符合语境，此处应用复数形式languages，符合书籍被翻译成多国语言的事实。 Unit5 （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段检测）It is common to experience culture shock (冲击) when living in a foreign country for a certain period of time. Culture shock is the uncomfortable f 1 of uncertainty that many people experience when they live in other surroundings. It is a quite natural part of being used to a new e 2 . Some good w 3 to successfully reduce and overcome (克服) culture shock are to read about the place where you will be staying and the things you will be doing, also, if possible, speak with someone who has already lived in the new environment. Once you are there, keep in mind that people and customs may be very different from what you are used to. If you have r 4 the difficulties and misunderstandings that may happen to you, you will keep a cool head, and keeping an open m 5 will allow you to find ways of d 6 with those problems that may appear. If it is possible, try your best to talk with the local people and ask them questions. Don’t try to isolate (孤立) yourself, even if it is within a group of people from your own country. Local people will generally be pleased to i 7 you to their culture and willing to answer questions. Don’t be afraid of making m 8 . When you want to learn something from local people, they are usually willing to share their culture with you and learn from you in turn. Most importantly, keep a sense of h 9 ! Don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t know what to do in a social situation. Laugh at yourself and others will laugh with you. Most people will admire your wisdom and effort to understand their ways, especially if you have no idea of small cultural d 10 . 【答案】1．feeling/eeling 2．environment/nvironment 3．ways/ays 4．realized/ealized/realised/ealised 5．mind/ind 6．dealing/ealing 7．introduce/ntroduce 8．mistakes/istakes 9．humor/umor/humour/umour 10．differences/ifferences 【导语】这篇短文主要讲述了如何有效应对和克服“文化冲击”。 1．句意：文化冲击是许多人在其他环境中生活时，因不确定性而产生的不适感。形容词uncomfortable作定语修饰名词；根据“of uncertainty that many people experience when they live in other surroundings”及首字母提示可知，此处指文化冲击是人们因不确定性而产生的不适感，feeling（感觉）符合语义。 2．句意：这是适应新环境过程中很自然的一部分。不定冠词a后接单数名词；前文提到“live in other surroundings”，后文多次出现“new environment”，所以这里用environment（环境）。 3．句意：成功减少和克服文化冲击的一些好方法包括：阅读有关你将居住的地方和要做的事情的资料，如果可能的话，还可以与已经在新环境中生活过的人交流。some后接可数名词复数；后文列举的“read about…speak with…”，这些都是“方法”，所以这里用ways（方法）。 4．句意：如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，你就会保持冷静的头脑，而保持开放的心态将让你找到应对可能出现问题的方法。时态是现在完成时，空格处填过去分词；此处指如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，就能保持冷静，realized/realised（意识到）符合。 5．句意：如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，你就会保持冷静的头脑，而保持开放的心态将让你找到应对可能出现问题的方法。固定搭配keep an open mind意为“保持开放的心态”，所以mind符合。 6．句意：如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，你就会保持冷静的头脑，而保持开放的心态将让你找到应对可能出现问题的方法。固定搭配deal with意为“处理”，介词of后接动名词，dealing符合。 7．句意：当地人通常会很乐意向你介绍他们的文化，并愿意回答问题。不定式符号to后接动词原形；固定搭配introduce sb. to sth.表示“向某人介绍某事物”，此处指当地人乐意向你介绍他们的文化，introduce（介绍）符合语义。 8．句意：别害怕犯错。后文提到“When you want to learn something from local people, they are usually willing to share their culture with you and learn from you in turn”，说明犯错是正常的；固定搭配make mistakes意为“犯错”，mistakes符合。 9．句意：最重要的是，保持幽默感！固定搭配a sense of humor/humour意为“幽默感”，保持幽默感是克服文化冲击的好方法，humor/humour符合。 10．句意：大多数人会欣赏你理解他们方式的智慧和努力，尤其是在你对细微文化差异一无所知的情况下。形容词cultural后接名词；此处指不了解细小的文化差异，表泛指用名词复数，differences（差异）符合。 Unit6 （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·月考）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 Liam Hannon was 10 when he started giving out free lunches to people who were hungry. He and his family made 20 sandwiches, put them in brown bags he had decorated, added a b 1 of water and a granola bar, and gave them away. Liam is now 14 and his project is s 2 going strong. With help from other supporters, he h 3 out 75 to 100 lunches three times a month. We are asking Liam to tell us about it. How did you get started? Four summers ago, I didn’t want to go to camp. My dad said, “You can’t stay at home doing n 4 .” So I did an online treasure-hunt program where you do academic challenges to move forward. I picked service as a subject. The first week, the challenge told us to do something to h 5 people who are experiencing homelessness. I said, “Dad, there are people right outside our building who are so h 6 . Why don’t we make them lunch?” We made peanut butter & jam and went out with our wagon. The lunches were distributed very quickly. What’s the most rewarding thing about what you do? I’d say meeting the people. They’re genuine (真诚的) people who just need a little k 7 in their lives. What would you tell other kids who want to make a d 58 Do something that you e 8 doing, and then you’ll be more inspired to help others. And get your friends and family involved. I invite friends to help with lunches, and a 9 every time, they’ve come and given out lunches with me and my dad. Their willingness gives me confidence. 【答案】1．bottle/ottle 2．still/till 3．hands/ands 4．nothing/othing 5．help/elp 6．hungry/ungry 7．kindness/indness 8．difference/ifference 9．enjoy/njoy 10．almost/lmost 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Liam从10岁起为无家可归的人免费发放午餐的善举，以及他如何将这个项目坚持并发展下去的故事。 1．句意：他和家人做了20个三明治，放进他装饰好的棕色袋子里，加上一瓶水和一根燕麦棒，然后分发出去。根据语境和首字母b，这里表示“一瓶水”，固定搭配为a bottle of water。 2．句意：Liam 现在14岁了，他的项目仍然势头强劲。根据上下文和首字母s，此处表示“仍然”，still going strong是固定表达，意为“势头依旧强劲”。 3．句意：在其他支持者的帮助下，他每月三次分发75到100份午餐。根据语境和首字母h，这里表示“分发”，固定搭配为hand out。主语是he，句子用一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式hands。 4．句意：你不能待在家里什么都不做。根据语境和首字母n，父亲是说不能“什么都不做”，固定搭配为do nothing。 5．句意：挑战要求我们做一些事来帮助无家可归的人。根据语境和首字母h，此处表示“帮助”无家可归的人，不定式符号to后接动词原形help。 6．句意：爸爸，我们楼外就有很多很饿的人。根据上下文和首字母h，前文提到“people who were hungry”，这里指“饥饿的”人，故填hungry。 7．句意：他们是真诚的人，只是生活中需要一点善意。根据语境和首字母k，此处表示 “善意”，kindness是名词，符合“a little+名词”的结构。 8．句意：你会对那些想有所作为的其他孩子说些什么？根据语境和首字母d，固定搭配为make a difference，意为“有影响、有所作为”。 9．句意：做一些你喜欢做的事，这样你会更有动力去帮助别人。根据语境和首字母e，此处表示 “喜欢/享受做某事”，固定搭配为enjoy doing sth.，主语是you，用一般现在时。 10．句意：我邀请朋友帮忙准备午餐，每次他们都来了，和我、爸爸一起分发午餐。根据上下文和首字母a，这里表示“而且/每次”，这里用and连接前后分句，同时结合语境，此处表示“几乎每次”，almost意为“几乎；差不多”符合语境。 Unit7 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。 UNICEF is part of the United Nations. After World War Ⅱ, many children’s lives were c 1 greatly because of the terrible war and UNICEF wanted to help them. Now UNICEF works in over 190 countries and areas. It has helped build a better world for everyone, e 2 children all over the world. For example, in some poor areas, children don’t have c 3 water or food. Some of them even lose their lives from diseases. And many families can’t a 4 to send children to school. So UNICEF helps g 5 , communities and families to protect these children. It helps offer these children enough water and food. It wants all children to be h 6 and tries to prevent them from getting ill. It provides basic education and r 7 money for poor children in many countries. It helps them go to school. It also works for the equal r 8 of girls and women. “More money is needed to carry on with our work. UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities,” A local o 9 says. “Luckily, more and more people are supporting UNICEF by donating money or working as volunteers. Let’s work together to make a big d 10 to the world! We hope everyone can give a helping hand to us.” 【答案】1．changed/hanged 2．especially/specially 3．clean/lean 4．afford/fford 5．governments/overnments 6．healthy/ealthy 7．raises/aises 8．rights/ights 9．officer/fficer 10．difference/ifference 【导语】本文介绍了联合国儿童基金会UNICEF的成立背景、全球工作内容、援助方式及资金筹集途径。 1．句意：二战后，许多儿童的生活因可怕的战争而发生了巨大改变，联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。“because of the terrible war”表明许多儿童的生活发生了巨大改变，主语lives与“改变”是被动关系，且句中有“were”，需用过去分词构成被动语态；首字母c及“战争影响生活”的语境提示填changed。 2．句意：它为所有人，尤其是世界各地的儿童，建设了一个更美好的世界。前半句“for everyone”范围较广，后半句聚焦“children”，是递进强调关系；首字母e对应especially“尤其，特别”，起补充强调作用。 3．句意：例如，在一些贫困地区，儿童没有干净的水或食物。修饰名词water，需用形容词；结合“贫困地区缺水”的语境及首字母c提示填clean。 4．句意：而且许多家庭负担不起送孩子上学的费用。情态动词can’t后接动词原形；固定搭配afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，首字母提示a及“贫困家庭无法承担学费”的语境提示填afford。 5．句意：因此，联合国儿童基金会帮助政府、社区和家庭保护这些儿童。后文“communities and families”为并列的机构/群体，政府、社区、家庭是联合国儿童基金会合作的三方主体，符合机构工作逻辑，首字母g对应governments。 6．句意：它希望所有儿童都健康，并努力防止他们生病。be动词后接形容词作表语，keep healthy“保持健康”，且结合后文“prevent them from getting ill”及首字母h，填healthy。 7．句意：它为许多国家的贫困儿童提供基础教育并筹集资金。固定搭配raise money“筹集资金”，主语it指代UNICEF，为第三人称单数，需与前文provides时态保持一致，首字母r对应raises。 8．句意：它也为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作。形容词equal后接名词；结合首字母r及“平等权利”的语境，应填rights。 9．句意：一位当地官员说：“我们需要更多资金来继续开展工作。联合国儿童基金会通过售卖圣诞贺卡和组织其他活动来筹集资金。”形容词local后接名词；结合后文“says”的动作发出者及首字母o，对应officer。 10．句意：让我们一起努力，为世界带来巨大的改变！固定短语make a big difference“带来巨大影响/改变”，首字母d对应difference。 Unit8 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试） Dear classmates, World Environment Day is coming. Are you ready to go g 1 ? Everybody can do something to protect our environment. You only have to remember three words: reduce, reuse, and recycle. First, we should focus on r 2 waste and pollution. For example, we can save water by taking shorter showers. We can turn o 3 the lights when leaving a room to save electricity. We should also say no to s 4 -use plastic bags and bottles. Second, reusing old things is another way to live an e 5 -friendly life. It produces less waste. We can d 6 our old clothes or books to charities. We can also shop at s 7 -hand stores. Finally, remember to recycle. Things like paper, plastic, and glass can be recycled and made into new things. We should also collect used b 8 and electronic products for recycling. If we all follow these steps and use our rich r 9 wisely, we can make a big d 10 and enjoy a better world! 【答案】1．green/reen 2．reducing/educing 3．off/ff 4．single/ingle 5．eco/co 6．donate/onate 7．second/econd 8．batteries/atteries 9．resources/esources 10．difference/ifference 【导语】本文作者围绕世界环境日，介绍了以 “减少、再利用、回收” 为核心的环保行动倡议，号召同学们从身边小事做起，共同保护环境。 1．句意：你准备好去践行环保了吗？结合后文的环保主题和首字母g，用固定搭配go green，表示“践行环保、过绿色生活”。 2．句意：首先，我们应该专注于减少浪费和污染。呼应文章开头提到的环保三原则“reduce, reuse, recycle”，focus on后接动名词，所以用reducing，表示“减少”。 3．句意：我们离开房间时应该关灯来节约用电。结合“节约用电”的语境和首字母o，用固定短语turn off，表示“关掉（电器）”。 4．句意：我们也应该对一次性使用的塑料袋和瓶子说不。结合环保主题和首字母s，用single-use，表示“一次性的”，是描述塑料制品的常用搭配。 5．句意：其次，重复使用旧物品是过一种环境友好生活的另一种方式。结合环保主题和首字母e，用eco-friendly，表示 “生态友好的、环保的”。 6．句意：我们可以把旧衣服或书捐赠给慈善机构。结合“旧衣物 / 书籍”和“慈善机构”的语境、首字母d，情态动词can后接动词原形，用donate，表示“捐赠”。 7．句意：我们也可以在二手商店购物。结合环保主题和首字母s，用second-hand，表示“二手的”，指购买二手物品来减少浪费。 8．句意：我们也应该收集用过的电池和电子产品来回收。结合“可回收物品”的语境、首字母b，用复数形式batteries，表示“电池”，是需要专门回收的有害垃圾。 9．句意：如果我们都遵循这些步骤，明智地利用我们丰富的资源，我们就能产生巨大的影响，享受一个更美好的世界！结合环保语境和首字母r，用复数形式resources，表示“资源”，指自然资源和生活资源。 10．句意：如果我们都遵循这些步骤，明智地利用我们丰富的资源，我们就能产生巨大的影响，享受一个更美好的世界！结合固定搭配和首字母d，用make a big difference，表示“产生巨大影响、带来显著改变”。 期末真题 （1） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）首字母填空 Paying for bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of plastic bus card. B 1 one Indonesian city has decided to accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses. Surabaya, Indonesia’s second largest city, l 2 on the eastern end of the country’s main island Java, made this decision in April 2018. Now l 3 can pay for their bus rides by putting plastic cups or bottles directly on the bus. A two-hour bus ride costs 10 plastic cups or 5 bottles. Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter, producing u 4 to 2.4 million tons of plastic waste into the ocean every year, according to a report. The head of Surabaya’s transportation department said. “With this decision, we hope to raise public awareness about the environment, e 5 people’s awareness about plastic waste.” The collected bottles are s 6 to recycling companies and the money earned from it goes toward running the bus companies and p 7 money for green spaces in the city. This is certainly turning rubbish into a national t 8 . The decision is part of the city’s p 9 —to become plastic waste-free within a few years. In order to encourage local people to take buses, the city also added new Surabaya buses. They are air conditioned, comfortable and easy for elderly and d 10 passengers to get on and off. This type of programme can be a model for other cities worldwide and encourage citizens to recycle their plastic waste. 【答案】1．(B)ut 2．(l)ocated 3．(l)ocals 4．(u)p 5．(e)specially 6．(s)old 7．(p)roviding 8．(t)reasure 9．(p)urpose 10．(d)isabled 【导语】本文介绍了印度尼西亚第二大城市泗水推出的一项新举措——市民可通过投放可回收塑料垃圾支付公交车费，该举措旨在提高公众环保意识，助力城市实现无塑料垃圾的目标，同时也为全球其他城市提供了借鉴。 1．句意：但印度尼西亚的一个城市决定接受可回收塑料垃圾，而非现金，作为乘坐城市公交车的费用。根据“Paying for bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of plastic bus card.”与后文“accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses”的转折关系，结合首字母“B”，此处应填转折连词But。故填(B)ut。 2．句意：印度尼西亚第二大城市泗水，位于该国主要岛屿爪哇岛的东端，于2018年4月做出了这一决定。根据“on the eastern end of the country’s main island Java”可知，此处表示“位于”，结合首字母“l”，located是过去分词，作后置定语修饰Surabaya，表示“被定位在……”，符合语境。故填(l)ocated。 3．句意：现在当地人可以通过直接在公交车上投放塑料杯或塑料瓶来支付公交车费。根据“pay for their bus rides”可知，此处指“当地居民”，结合首字母“l”，local的名词形式locals表示“当地人”，符合语境。故填(l)ocals。 4．句意：据一份报告显示，印度尼西亚是第二大海洋塑料污染国，每年向海洋排放多达 240 万吨的塑料垃圾。根据“2.4 million tons of plastic waste”可知，此处表示“多达”，结合首字母“u”，up to表示“多达；直到”。故填(u)p。 5．句意：通过这一决定，我们希望提高公众的环境意识，尤其是人们对塑料垃圾的意识。根据“raise public awareness about the environment”与“people’s awareness about plastic waste”的递进关系，结合首字母“e”，especially表示“尤其；特别”，符合语境。故填(e)specially。 6．句意：收集到的塑料瓶会被卖给回收公司，卖瓶子所得的钱用于运营公交公司，并为城市的绿地提供资金。根据“to recycling companies”可知，此处表示“被出售”，结合首字母“s”，sell表示“卖，出售”，主语The collected bottles与sell是被动关系，用被动语态be sold。故填(s)old。 7．句意：收集到的塑料瓶会被卖给回收公司，卖瓶子所得的钱用于运营公交公司，并为城市的绿地提供资金。根据“money earned from it goes toward running the bus companies and…”可知，此处表示“提供资金”，结合首字母“p”，provide表示“提供”，go toward doing sth中toward是介词，后接动名词，provide的动名词形式是providing。故填(p)roviding。 8．句意：这无疑是将垃圾变成了一种国家财富。根据“turning rubbish into”可知，此处应填表示积极意义的名词，结合首字母“t”，treasure表示“财富”，符合语境。故填(t)reasure。 9．句意：这一决定是该城市目标的一部分——在几年内实现无塑料垃圾。根据“to become plastic waste-free within a few years”可知，此处表示“城市的目标”，结合首字母“p”，purpose表示“目的；目标”，符合语境，故填(p)urpose。 10．句意：这些公交车配有空调，乘坐舒适，老年人和残疾乘客上下车也很方便。根据“elderly and…passengers”可知，此处应填与elderly并列的形容词，描述特殊群体乘客，结合首字母“d”，disabled表示“残疾的”，符合语境。故填(d)isabled。 （2） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Hey, everyone. Have you heard of World Rainforest Day? It’s on June 22nd, and it’s like a big birthday party for the most amazing places on Earth—the rainforests. Rainforests cover just 6% of the Earth’s surface but are h 1 to over half of all the world’s plants and animals. Imagine walking t 2 a rainforest, hearing the calls of colorful birds, spotting playful monkeys swinging from tree to tree, and seeing giant trees that r 3 for the sky. These places are not only beautiful but also i 4 . They’re often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they suck in carbon dioxide and p 5 oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live. S 6 , these rainforests are in big trouble. Every day, huge areas of them are cut down for things like farming, logging, and building cities. If this c 7 , many amazing plants and animals will disappear. But don’t worry—we can be rainforest heroes. We can start by using less paper and choosing products that don’t hurt the rainforests. Also, s 8 the word to our friends and family about how awesome rainforests are helps a lot. On World Rainforest Day, there are cool things to do. Fun science projects about rainforests might be o 9 by schools, like making a mini rainforest in a jar. There are also tree- planting events. They are situations w 10 you can get your hands dirty and help grow new forests. So, mark June 22nd on your calendar. Let’s join hands and show the world that we’re ready to protect these natural treasures. 【答案】1．(h)ome 2．(t)hrough 3．(r)each 4．(i)mportant 5．(p)roduce/(p)rovide 6．(S)adly 7．(c)ontinues 8．(s)preading 9．(o)rganized/(o)rganised 10．(w)here 【导语】本文主要介绍了6月22日——世界雨林日。 1．句意：热带雨林仅占地球表面积的 6%，但却是世界上超过一半动植物的家园。根据“to over half of all the world’s plants and animals”及首字母提示可知，此处表达热带雨林是世界上超过一半动植物的家园，home“家”符合，故填(h)ome。 2．句意：想象一下，走在热带雨林中，听着五彩斑斓的鸟儿鸣叫，看到顽皮的猴子在树间荡来荡去，还看到高耸入云的参天大树。根据首字母提示可知，walk through“走过；穿过”，表示走过雨林。故填(t)hrough。 3．句意：想象一下，走在热带雨林中，听着五彩斑斓的鸟儿鸣叫，看到顽皮的猴子在树间荡来荡去，还看到高耸入云的参天大树。根据首字母提示可知，此处表示“树木向天空延伸/生长”，reach “到达，抵达”符合。故填(r)each。 4．句意：这些地方不仅美丽，而且重要。根据“They’re often called the ‘lungs of the Earth’ because they suck in carbon dioxide”及首字母提示可知，雨林很重要，important“重要的”符合。故填(i)mportant。 5．句意：它们通常被称为 “地球的肺”，因为它们吸收二氧化碳并产生/提供我们所有人生存所需的氧气。根据“oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live”可知是产生/提供氧气，produce“产生”/provide“提供”符合，句子为一般现在时，主语they为复数，动词用原形。故填(p)roduce/(p)rovide。 6．句意：遗憾的是，这些热带雨林正面临着巨大的麻烦。根据“these rainforests are in big trouble”可知，热带雨林面临麻烦是令人感到遗憾的事情，sadly“令人遗憾地”符合。故填(S)adly。 7．句意：如果这种情况继续下去，许多令人惊叹的动植物将会消失。根据“many amazing plants and animals will disappear”可知，如果这种情况继续下去，许多动植物会消失，continue“继续”，主语this为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(c)ontinues。 8．句意：此外，向我们的朋友和家人传播热带雨林有多么美妙的消息也很有帮助。根据“the word to our friends and family about…”可知，此处表达传播热带雨林有多么美妙的消息，spread“传播”，动名词作主语。故填(s)preading。 9．句意：关于热带雨林的有趣科学项目可以由学校组织，比如在罐子里制作一个迷你热带雨林。根据“Fun science projects about rainforests might be…by schools”可知是由学校组织科学项目，organize/organise“组织”符合，此处为被动语态，空处用过去分词。故填(o)rganized/(o)rganised。 10．句意：这些情况下，你可以亲自动手，帮助种植新的森林。分析句子结构可知，此处为where引导的定语从句，表示“这些活动是可以亲自上手种树的场合”。故填(w)here。 （3） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 【答案】1．(p)lastic 2．(f)riendly 3．(e)xample 4．(q)uite 5．(u)sed 6．(a)dded 7．(W)hile 8．(o)nes 9．(p)roduces 10．(i)nstead 【导语】本文主要讲述竹子作为塑料的环保替代品在不同领域的应用及其优势。 1．句意：现在，竹子正在扮演新角色——替代塑料！根据下文“Using bamboo…of plastic helps the local community a lot.”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指替代塑料，plastic“塑料”。故填(p)lastic。 2．句意：为了解决这个问题，浙江、福建、四川、广东和安徽省都使用竹子作为环保替代品。environmentally friendly“环保的”，是固定搭配。故填(f)riendly。 3．句意：浙江安吉县是一个好例子。a good example“一个好例子”，是固定搭配。故填(e)xample。 4．句意：小时候，竹编篮子和椅子非常常见。根据“When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were… common”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指竹编篮子和椅子非常常见，quite“相当”。故填(q)uite。 5．句意：白说，该县300多家餐馆和酒店使用竹制餐具。根据“bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is…in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指使用竹制餐具，use“使用”，用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(u)sed。 6．句意：她补充道：“这些竹制袋子可以在三个月内分解，但它们比塑料袋更坚固。”根据上“…said Bai Xia”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指补充的内容，add“补充道”，此处表示过去的事情，应填added。故填(a)dded。 7．句意：虽然树木需要10多年生长，竹子仅需4到6年。前后句对比关系，while“而”符合。故填(W)hile。 8．句意：这意味着人们可以在不种植新植物的情况下获得许多收成。根据“This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new…”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指无需种植新的竹子，用ones指代。故填(o)nes。 9．句意：据说安吉每年生产40万至50万吨竹子。根据“between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指产量，produce“生产”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Anji”，用三单形式。故填(p)roduces。 10．句意：用竹子代替塑料对当地社区帮助很大。根据上文“Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products.”可知，此处指用竹子代替塑料，instead of“代替”，是固定搭配。故填(i)nstead。 （4） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 When I was six, a new family moved into the house next door. There was a girl, Frances, who was about my a 1 . We became best friends soon. I was too young to notice the s 2 situation in her life, but my mother did. Mom found that Frances never invited a 3 into their house. Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back looking very t 4 and pale. Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home. Frances was a 5 hungry, and her clothes were often too small. One day, Mom asked me, “Would you mind if I gave Frances some of your clothes?” I agreed. From then on, I saw h 6 Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else. This continued for years, u 7 we were both teenagers. But then her mother decided they were moving back to Ireland. We promised to w 8 to each other. Years later, Mom received a letter from Frances. It said, “I have used your mother’s e 9 as my guide to care for people around me. Now, I work to help children in similar situations, and I run a successful charity supporting poor children. Your mother has t 10 me what proper care feels like. We never know how our kindness will influence others, but it’s always worth trying.” 【答案】1．(a)ge 2．(s)ad 3．(a)nyone/(a)nybody 4．(t)ired 5．(a)lways 6．(h)ow 7．(u)ntil 8．(w)rite 9．(e)xample 10．(t)aught 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者妈妈经常帮助隔壁家小伙伴Frances，给她衣服，给她妈妈的爱，这种善意也对她产生了重要的影响。 1．句意：有个女孩叫Frances，和我差不多大。根据“We became best friends soon.”及首字母可知，女孩和作者差不多大，所以很快成了最好的朋友，age“年龄”符合语境，故填(a)ge。 2．句意：我太小了，没有注意到她生活中的悲伤，但我母亲注意到了。根据后文对Frances家人的描述“Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back...Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home...and her clothes were often too small.”及首字母可知，她的生活情况很悲惨，sad“悲伤的，不幸的”符合语境，形容词作定语，故填(s)ad。 3．句意：妈妈发现Frances从不邀请任何人到家里来。根据“Frances never invited...into their house. ”及首字母可知，是指从不邀请任何人去她家，anyone/anybody“任何人”符合语境，故填(a)nyone/(a)nybody。 4．句意：她的妈妈一大早就去上班，回来时显得非常疲惫和苍白。根据“went to work very early...and pale”及首字母可知，上班很早，回家时脸色苍白，所以应是很累，tired“累的”符合语境，故填(t)ired。 5．句意：Frances总是很饿，而且她的衣服常常太小。根据“her clothes were often too small.”及首字母可知，此处表示频率，是指Frances总是很饿，always“总是”符合语境，故填(a)lways。 6．句意：从那时起，我看到了妈妈对待她的和蔼，就像对待第二个女儿一样。根据“I saw...Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter.”及首字母可知，此处是宾语从句，是指作者看到母亲如何对待Frances，应用how“如何”引导，故填(h)ow。 7．句意：这种情况持续了很多年，直到我们都是青少年。根据前文“Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else.”及首字母可知，妈妈照顾Frances这种情况直到作者和Frances青少年时期，until“直到”符合语境，引导时间状语从句，故填(u)ntil。 8．句意：我们答应给对方写信。根据后文“Years later, Mom received a letter from Frances.”及首字母可知，是指给对方写信，write“写信”符合语境，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填(w)rite。 9．句意：我以你母亲为榜样，去关爱身边的人。根据“as my guide to care for people around me”及首字母可知，Frances把作者的妈妈当成榜样，example“例子，榜样”符合语境，此处应用单数名词，故填(e)xample。 10．句意：你妈妈教会了我什么是适当的照顾。根据前文“I have used your mother’s...as my guide to care for people around me.”及“what proper care feels like”结合首字母可知，作者妈妈对Frances的关爱教会了她什么是适当的照顾，teach“教”符合语境，此处应用动词过去分词与has构成现在完成时，故填(t)aught。 （5） （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-5的相应位置上。 Spending time outdoors, especially in green spaces, is good for you! It is one of the fastest ways to i 1 your health and happiness. It’s been shown to lower stress, blood pressure (血压) and heart rate, and bring better mood and mental (心理的) health, and even help you learn. Now, a new study published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research adds to the evidence (证据) and shows just how little time it takes to get the benefits of being outside. Spending just 20 minutes in a park—even if you don’t exercise while you’re there—is e 2 for better well-being, according to the research. For the study, researchers surveyed (调查) 94 adults. They visited one of three parks near Birmingham. They were g 3 fitness trackers (跟踪器) to measure physical activity. Each person also answered questions about their life satisfaction (满意) before and after their park visit. Their answers were used to calculate (计算) a well-being score. The average park visit lasted 32 minutes, and 30% of people took part in physical activity while there. Well-being scores r 4 during the park visit in 60% of people. Outdoor Physical activity was not n 5 for better well-being, the study authors found. For many people in the study, simply being in green space seemed to have caused a change, says one of the study authors Hon Yuen. “Some people may go to the park and just enjoy nature,” Yuen says. “You relax and reduce stress, and then you feel happier.” 【答案】1．(i)mprove 2．(e)nough 3．(g)iven 4．(r)ose 5．(n)ecessary 【导语】本文主要讲述了户外活动（尤其是绿地活动）对健康和幸福感的快速提升作用，以及一项关于公园停留时间与幸福感关系的新研究结果。 1．句意：这是快速提升健康和幸福感的最快方式之一。根据下文“It’s been shown to lower stress, blood pressure (血压) and heart rate”并结合首字母提示可知，可以降低压力、血压和心率，应是可以提升健康，improve“提升”符合，根据空前的不定式符号“to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(i)mprove。 2．句意：根据这项研究，在公园里待上20分钟——即使你在公园里不运动——也足以让你更健康。根据上文“shows just how little time it takes to get the benefits of being outside”并结合首字母提示可知，获得户外活动的好处只需要很短的时间，所以在公园里待上20分钟——即使你在公园里不运动——也足以让你更健康，enough“足够的”符合。故填(e)nough。 3．句意：研究人员给他们发了健身追踪器来测量他们的身体活动。根据“They were …fitness trackers (跟踪器) to measure physical activity.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处研究人员给他们发了健身追踪器，give“给”，此处用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(g)iven。 4．句意：60%的人在参观公园期间幸福感得分上升。根据“Well-being scores”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指得分上升，rise“上升”，句子时态为一般过去时，应填rose。故填(r)ose。 5．句意：该研究的作者发现，户外体育活动并非幸福感提升的必要条件。根据下文“For many people in the study, simply being in green space seemed to have caused a change”并结合首字母提示可知，无需运动也能提升幸福感，所以户外体育活动并非幸福感提升的必要条件，necessary“有必要的”符合。故填(n)ecessary。 （6） （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 A government action works—many schools in China are adding more h 1 now. The idea is that some primary and secondary schools can have spring and autumn breaks (短假期) for students, but it should d 2 on their own needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School e 3 a five-day spring break this March. They looked into history and science at the museums. “W 4 others are stuck in classrooms, we’re out exploring the real world,” said one of the students. Yin Xianwen, head of the school, sees it as a good way for the students to l 5 about the world. “Visiting historical places is a history lesson, w 6 plants grow is a lesson in biology and travelling together is a lesson in t 7 skills,” Yin said. “It offers students the chance to get the most useful growth experiences during the most beautiful s 8 .” Also, students can enjoy the breaks with f 9 . Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home and talking can help bring each other c 10 and reduce stress (压力) in studying. The government, schools, families and communities are working together to make the breaks work well. They aren’t just for fun. They can help students become well-rounded learners. 【答案】1．(h)olidays 2．(d)epend 3．(e)njoyed/(e)xperienced 4．(W)hile/(W)hen 5．(l)earn 6．(w)atching 7．(t)eam/(t)eamwork 8．(s)eason/(s)easons 9．(f)amily/(f)amilies 10．(c)loser/(c)lose 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国部分中小学试行春秋假政策，通过课外活动帮助学生全面发展。 1．句意：政府的行动奏效了——中国许多学校现在都在增加更多假期。根据“have spring and autumn breaks (短假期) for students”可知，是增加更多假期，holiday“假期”，more后跟名词复数。故填(h)olidays。 2．句意：这个想法是，一些小学和中学可以为学生安排春季和秋季假期，但这应取决于他们自身需求。根据“on their own needs.”及首字母可知，是指取决于自身需求，depend on“取决于”，should后跟动词原形。故填(d)epend。 3．句意：在广州，玉岩中学的310名学生在今年三月享受/体验了为期五天的春假。根据“a five-day spring break this March”及首字母可知，是指享受/体验了为期五天的春假，enjoy“享受”/experience“体验”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(e)njoyed/(e)xperienced。 4．句意：当其他学生被困在教室里时，我们在外面探索真实世界。根据“others are stuck in classrooms”可知，是指当其他学生被困在教室里时，用while/when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填(W)hile/(W)hen。 5．句意：学校校长尹宪文把这看作是学生了解世界的一个好途径。根据“about the world”及首字母可知，是指了解世界，learn about“了解”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填(l)earn。 6．句意：参观历史遗迹是一堂历史课，观看植物生长是一堂生物课，一起旅行是一堂团队合作技能课程。根据“plants grow is a lesson in biology”及首字母可知，是指观看植物生长，watch“观看”，此处用动名词作主语。故填(w)atching。 7．句意：参观历史遗迹是一堂历史课，观看植物生长是一堂生物课，一起旅行是一堂团队合作技能课程。根据“travelling together”可知，一起旅行有助于培养团队合作技能，team/teamwork“团队合作”符合语境，为名词作定语。故填(t)eam/(t)eamwork。 8．句意：它为学生提供了在最美好的季节中获得最有用的成长经历。根据“during the most beautiful s...”及前文提及的“spring and autumn breaks”可知，是指最美好的季节，season“季节”，此处可用单数也可用复数。故填(s)eason/(s)easons。 9．句意：而且，学生可以与家人一起享受假期。根据“Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home”可知，是指和家人一起享受假期，family“家人”，此处可表示集体名词，也可表示个体，表示个体时，是可数名词，需用复数形式。故填(f)amily/(f)amilies。 10．句意：去旅行、一起烹饪一顿饭，或者只是待在家里聊天，都能有助于让彼此更亲近/亲近，并减轻学习压力。根据“Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home and talking can help bring each other c...”可知，这些活动有助于让彼此更亲近/亲近，空处用副词比较级closer“更亲近”，也可用原形close“亲近”，修饰动词bring。故填(c)loser/(c)lose。 （7） （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） More and more people like going bike riding in China these years. It is fun, healthy, and good for the environment. Bikes can t 1 you almost anywhere, and it’s green, though there are m 2 cars than bikes on the roads all over the world. Get on a bike and ride around your neighborhood. You may feel fun to find s 3 new around you. A 15-minute bike riding three times a week can make you h 4 . And it’s helpful for our environment. It will not p 5 the air. What’s more, bicycling can improve your mood (心情). Scientists say e 6 like bicycling can make people feel better and more relaxed. In many places, there are paths for bike riding, and people call it “g 7 path”. There are lots of trees on both sides of the road. On weekends, lots of parents take their children there. They hope their children can have a good rest and do some sports after a b 8 week. It is also a great place for people to m 9 their family members or friends. So let’s ride b 10 more, and this will certainly give our children a better world in the future. 【答案】1．(t)ake 2．(m)ore 3．(s)omething 4．(h)ealthy 5．(p)ollute 6．(e)xercise 7．(g)reen 8．(b)usy 9．(m)eet 10．(b)ikes 【导语】本文介绍了近年来越来越多的人喜欢骑自行车的原因及其好处。 1．句意：自行车几乎可以带你去任何地方，而且它是环保的，尽管在世界各地的道路上汽车比自行车多。根据“Bikes can...you almost anywhere”可知，此处表达自行车几乎可以带你去任何地方，take“带去”符合句意，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填(t)ake。 2．句意：自行车几乎可以带你去任何地方，而且它是环保的，尽管在世界各地的道路上汽车比自行车多。根据“cars than bikes”可知，此处表达汽车比自行车多，应用比较级形式，many“多的”符合句意，变为比较级more“更多的”。故填(m)ore。 3．句意：你可能会觉得在你周围发现一些新事物很有趣。根据“You may feel fun to find...new around you”可知，此处表达一些新事物，something“一些事物”符合句意。故填(s)omething。 4．句意：每周骑三次15分钟的自行车可以让你保持健康。根据“A 15-minute bike riding three times a week can make you...”可知，此处表达让你保持健康，healthy“健康的”符合句意，make+形容词表示“使……”。故填(h)ealthy。 5．句意：它不会污染空气。根据“And it’s helpful for our environment. It will not...the air”可知，此处表达污染空气，pollute“污染”符合句意，情态动词will后跟动词原形。故填(p)ollute。 6．句意：科学家说，像骑自行车这样的运动能让人感觉更好、更放松。根据“Scientists say...like bicycling can make people feel better and more relaxed”可知，此处表达像骑自行车这样的运动，exercise“运动”符合句意。故填(e)xercise。 7．句意：在许多地方，有专门的自行车道，人们称之为“绿色通道”。根据“...path”可知，此处表达“绿色通道”，green“绿色的”符合句意，修饰名词path。故填(g)reen。 8．句意：他们希望孩子们在忙碌的一周后能好好休息，做些运动。根据“They hope their children can have a good rest and do some sports after a...week”可知，此处表达在忙碌的一周后，busy“忙碌的”符合句意，形容词修饰名词week。故填(b)usy。 9．句意：这也是人们与家人或朋友见面的好地方。根据“It is also a great place for people to...their family members or friends”可知，此处表达见面的好地方，meet“见面”符合句意，动词不定式，to后跟动词原形。故填(m)eet。 10．句意：所以让我们多骑自行车，这一定会给我们的孩子一个更美好的未来世界。根据“So let’s ride...more”可知，此处表达所以让我们多骑自行车，ride bike“骑自行车”，此处用其复数形式bikes表示泛指。故填(b)ikes。 （8） （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 I found Friday to be both a skilled worker and an able sailor. We had a tidy craft and plenty of practice. We p 1 to leave after the rainy season. Right at the end of the rainy season, we awoke to learn Friday’s enemies had returned. When I saw Friday’s face, I decided that this time we would not hide. W 2 guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was s 3 they would soon lose interest in the fight. S 4 I headed toward the beach to scout out (探查) the situation. A man lay upon the beach. His hands and f 5 were tied. He was a European and had clothes on. Now it was not o 6 Friday’s countrymen for whom I fought, but my own. Friday and I opened fire on the captors (劫持者). Friday proved the better shot. We shot many and wounded still more before p 7 up our muskets (火枪) and running to the beach. I raced to the European, and Friday followed. He fired upon anybody who stood too close. I c 8 the ties that bound (绑) the man and asked h 9 in Portuguese (葡萄牙语), “What are you?” He answered in a whisper of Latin, “Christianus (基督徒).” I asked what country he c 10 from. “Espaniole (西班牙),” he said. —Taken from Robinson Crusoe 【答案】1．(p)lanned/(p)repared 2．(W)ith 3．(s)ure 4．(S)o 5．(f)eet 6．(o)nly 7．(p)icking 8．(c)ut 9．(h)im 10．(c)ame 【导语】本文节选自《鲁滨逊漂流记》，主要讲述了鲁滨逊和星期五在雨季结束后准备离开时，遭遇敌人并成功解救一名欧洲人的故事。 1．句意：我们计划/准备在雨季结束后离开。根据“to leave”和首字母p可知，此处指计划或准备离开，动词plan“计划”/prepare“准备”符合语境；此句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(p)lanned/(p)repared。 2．句意：枪对箭，我敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣。根据“...guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was...they would soon lose interest in the fight.”可知，此处指“我”有对抗弓箭的枪，“我”敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣，应用介词with表伴随。故填(W)ith。 3．句意：枪对箭，我敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣。根据“...guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was...they would soon lose interest in the fight.”可知，此处指“我”有对抗弓箭的枪，“我”敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣，形容词sure“肯定的，有把握的”符合语境，在句中作表语。故填(s)ure。 4．句意：所以我前往海滩探查情况。根据“I was sure they would soon lose interest in the fight...I headed toward the beach to scout out (探查) the situation.”和首字母s可知，“我”敢肯定对方必败，因此转向下一个任务，此处用so“因此”衔接因果逻辑。故填(S)o。 5．句意：他的手和脚被绑住了。根据“His hands and...were tied.”和首字母f可知，此空与复数名词“hands”并列，应是手和脚被绑住了，应用复数名词feet“脚”。故填(f)eet。 6．句意：此刻，我所为之奋战的已不仅是星期五的同胞，更是我自己的同胞。not only...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。故填(o)nly。 7．句意：我们射杀了许多人，并打伤了更多人，然后拿起火枪跑向海滩。根据“...up our muskets (火枪) and running to the beach”和首字母p可知，此处指捡起火枪再跑走，动词短语pick up“捡起”符合语境；根据“and”可知，此处与“running”并列，应用动名词picking。故填(p)icking。 8．句意：我割断了绑住那个人的绳子，用葡萄牙语问他：“你是什么人？”根据“I...the ties that bound (绑) the man”和首字母c可知，此处指割断绳子，动词cut“切割”符合语境；此句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式cut。故填(c)ut。 9．句意：我割断了绑住那个人的绳子，用葡萄牙语问他：“你是什么人？”动词“asked”后用宾格代词him“他”指代上文“the man”。故填(h)im。 10．句意：我问他来自哪个国家。根据“...what country he...from.”和首字母c可知，此处指来自哪个国家，短语come from“来自”符合语境；此句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式came。故填(c)ame。 （9） （24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students r 1 for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences h 2 . Whether (无论) visiting museums, places of interest, or friends’ homes, it’s important to f 3 proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First, many places have p 4 signs saying “No touching” or “No photos”—follow these instructions. Second, keep your v 5 down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third, never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend’s home, bring a small g 6 like flowers or chocolates. You are e 7 to take off shoes in some families. Never t 8 private (私人的) things if the host doesn’t agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen c 9 to guides. Put up your hand for questions i 10 of shouting out. As the saying goes, “Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot.” Let’s all be polite visitors 【答案】1．(r)ules 2．(h)appy 3．(f)ollow 4．(p)ublic 5．(v)oice 6．(g)ift 7．(e)xpected 8．(t)ouch 9．(c)arefully 10．(i)nstead 【导语】本文围绕“参观礼仪”展开，介绍了讲座目的，以及参观博物馆、朋友家、团体出行时应遵循的礼仪规则。 1．句意：讲座的目的是教学生参观时要遵循的规则。根据“There is going to be a talk…for visiting.”和首字母提示可知，此处指的是规则。rule“规则”常用复数表各类规则，故填(r)ules。 2．句意：良好的参观礼仪能让我们的体验变得愉快。根据“Good visiting manners make our experiences…”和首字母提示可知，此处指礼仪让体验愉快，“make + 宾语 + 形容词”表示“使……处于某种状态”，happy“愉快的”符合语境，故填(h)appy。 3．句意：无论参观博物馆、名胜古迹还是朋友家，遵守恰当的规则都很重要。it’s important to do sth.是固定句型，根据“Whether (无论) visiting museums…proper rules.”和首字母提示可知，遵守恰当的规则很重要，follow“遵守；遵循”符合语境，故填(f)ollow。 4．句意：首先，很多地方有写着“禁止触摸”或“禁止拍照”的公共标识——要遵守这些指示。修饰signs“标识”，结合生活常识和首字母提示，博物馆是公共场合，这些标识是“公共的”，public“公共的”符合语境，故填(p)ublic。 5．句意：其次，把你的声音放低。安静地欣赏艺术和历史。根据“Second, keep your…quietly.”和首字母提示可知，此处指压低声音，voice“声音”符合语境，故填(v)oice。 6．句意：拜访朋友家时，带一份像鲜花或巧克力这样的小礼物。根据“When visiting a…flowers or chocolates.”和首字母提示可知，此处指“拜访带礼”的习俗，gift“礼物”符合语境，故填(g)ift。 7．句意：在一些家庭里，主人期望你脱鞋。根据“You are…some families”和首字母提示可知，此处指主人期望你脱鞋，be expected to do sth是固定表达，意为“被期望做某事”，故填(e)xpected。 8．句意：如果主人不同意，绝不要动私人用品。结合礼仪和首字母提示，未经允许不能触碰私人物品，touch“触摸”符合语境，故填(t)ouch。 9．句意：对于像学校旅行这类团体参观，要和团队待在一起，认真听导游讲解。根据“For group visits…to guides.”和首字母提示可知，此处指认真听导游讲解，修饰动词listen需用副词，carefully“认真地”符合语境，故填(c)arefully。 10．句意：想要提问时请举手，而不是大喊大叫。根据“Put up your hand for…of shouting out.”和首字母提示可知，此处指举手而非大喊，instead of是固定短语，表示“代替；而不是”，符合语境，故填(i)nstead。 （10） （24-25八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 On a small hill in Huaping, there is a small school. However, o 1 the past fourteen years, it has changed the future of over 2,000 poor girls by sending them to colleges. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She began teaching in Huaping—one of China’s p 2 areas about twenty years ago. The teacher found many girls would just stop coming to school one day. Later, Zhang learned they were made to work or get married to s 3 their family. “Every child has the r 4 to receive education,” she said. “However, these poor girls don’t even have a c 5 to stand on the starting line.” To change this, Zhang spent years raising money. Finally in 2008, she s 6 up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day and tries her best to help the students. After years of h 7 work, she is in poor health, but in her mind the school and the students are more important. Zhang’s story has deeply t 8 people all over China and inspired (激励) many to follow in her footsteps. Zhou Yunli, one of her students, heard the school was short of maths teachers. She r 9 to the school to teach at once after college. “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody,” Zhou said. “I’m p 10 that I can do my part. When we become strong, we must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” 【答案】1．(o)ver 2．(p)oorest 3．(s)upport 4．(r)ight 5．(c)hance 6．(s)et 7．(h)ard 8．(t)ouched 9． ( r)eturned 10．(p)roud 【导语】本文讲述了一位名叫张桂梅的校长，她在云南华坪创办了一所免费的女子高中。在过去十四年里，这所学校帮助了2000多名贫困女孩进入大学，改变了她们的命运。 1．句意：然而，在过去的14年里，它通过将2000多名贫困女孩送入大学，改变了她们的未来。根据“the past fourteen years”可知，此处用“over the past+时间段”的结构，表示“在过去的多长时间里”。故填(o)ver。 2．句意：大约20年前，她开始在中国最贫穷的地区之一华坪教书。根据“over 2,000 poor girls”可知，她在一个贫穷的地区教书，poor“贫穷的”，根据“one of China’s”可知此处用形容词最高级，故填(p)oorest。   3．句意：后来，张了解到她们被迫工作或结婚以支持家庭。根据“Zhang learned they were made to work or get married”可知，很多女孩辍学是因为被迫工作或结婚，目的是支持家庭，support“支持”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形，故填(s)upport。 4．句意：每个孩子都有接受教育的权利。根据“Every child has the...to receive education”可知，每个孩子都有接受教育的权利，right“权利”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填(r)ight。 5．句意：然而，这些可怜的女孩甚至没有站在起跑线上的机会。根据“However, these poor girls don’t even have a...to stand on the starting line”可知，这些女孩甚至没有站在起跑线上的机会，chance“机会，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填(c)hance。 6．句意：终于在2008年，她创办了中国第一所也是唯一一所免费女子公立高中。根据“up China’s first and only free public high school for girls”可知，创办了学校，set up“创办”，根据“in 2008”可知，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)et。 7．句意：经过多年的艰苦工作，她的健康状况很差，但在她看来，学校和学生更重要。根据“After years of...work, she is in poor health”可知，多年的艰苦工作，让她的健康状况很差，hard“艰苦的，形容词，修饰名词work，故填(h)ard。 8．句意：张的故事深深地感动了全中国人民，并激励了许多人追随她的脚步。根据“Zhang’s story has deeply...people all over China”可知，她的故事感动了全中国人民，touch“感动'”，此处用现在完成时，动词用过去分词，故填(t)ouched。 9．句意：大学毕业后，她立即回到学校教书。根据“to the school to teach at once after college”可知大学毕业后她回到了学校，return“返回”，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)eturned。 10．句意：我很自豪我能尽自己的一份力。根据“I can do my part”可知，能尽自己的一份力感到很自豪，proud“自豪的”，形容词作表语，故填(p)roud。 （11） （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）根据首字母提示及短文内容填写所缺的单词，使短文完整通顺。 After fresh rain in mountains bare, Autumn permeates (渗透) evening air. Among pine trees bright moonbeams peer. Over crystal stones flows water clear. Bamboos whisper of washer-maids, Lotus (莲) stirs when fishing boat wades. Though fragrant spring may pass away, Still here’s the place for you to stay. The above eight sentences are from a famous poem “Autumn Evening in the Mountains” which was w 1 by Wang Wei, a well- known poet and painter who lived during the Tang dynasty. He has won very h 2 praise for “having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry”. When Wang describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting. At the b 3 of this poem, Wang shows readers a clear sky, with moonlight and a view of mountains far away. Moving closer, he describes the pine trees and flowing w 4 . Wang also shows the power of colors in the poem. E 5 described in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色). These colors can create a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere (和谐的氛围). This makes it easier for readers to imagine and f 6 the beauty of the landscape. In the last part of the poem, Wang says that spring may p 7 away, while the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village remain a special place. In this way, he simply wants to show his l 8 of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption (腐败) on the royal court (朝廷). By describing the scenery, the poem also shows Wang’s characteristics. For example, pine trees and lotus stand for perseverance (毅力) and nobility (高洁), and they also r 9 Chinese spirits nowadays. Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese c 10 . It is never too late to learn. 【答案】1．(w)ritten 2．(h)igh 3．(b)eginning 4．(w)ater 5．(E)verything 6．(f)eel/(f)ind 7．(p)ass 8．(l)ove/(l)ike 9．(r)epresent 10．(c)ulture 【导语】本文围绕王维的《山居秋暝》展开，介绍了这首诗的作者王维，赏析了诗歌中如作画般细腻的景物描写、色彩运用，探讨了诗歌所表达出王维对宁静和谐生活的喜爱以及对朝廷腐败的厌恶，还提及诗中意象所代表的精神以及唐诗作为中国传统文化瑰宝的重要意义。 1．句意：以上八句话摘自唐代著名诗人、画家王维的名诗《山居秋暝》。根据后面“by Wang Wei”可知，此处为被动语态，其结构为“be+动词过去分词形式”；结合首字母可知，此处指这首诗被王维“写，编写”；write“写”，其过去分词为written。故填(w)ritten。 2．句意：他因“诗中有画，画中有诗”而赢得了极高的赞誉。“high praise”是固定搭配，表示“高度赞扬”，结合首字母及语境可知，这里说的是他获得高度的称赞，故填(h)igh。 3．句意：在这首诗的开头，王维向读者展现了晴朗的天空、月光以及远处山峦的景色。“at the beginning of”是固定短语，意为“在……的开头”，结合首字母和语境可知，这里说的是在诗的开头部分的描写，故填(b)eginning。 4．句意：再靠近些，他描写了松树和流淌的水。前文提到“Over crystal stones flows water clear.”，结合首字母可知，这里说的是他描写了流淌的“水”，water“水”，故填(w)ater。 5．句意：诗中所描述的一切都是绿色、白色和青色。根据“...described in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色).”可知，这里表示诗里描述的“所有事物”都是这些颜色，everything“一切”，故填(E)verything。 6．句意：这使得读者更容易去想象并感受/发现风景之美。根据“This makes it easier for readers to imagine and...the beauty of the landscape.”和首字母可推测，读者通过诗中描写去“感受”或者“发现”风景的美，“feel”有“感受”的意思，“find”意为“发现”，都符合语义，故填(f)eel/(f)ind。 7．句意：在诗的最后部分，王维说春天可能会过去，尽管美丽的秋天和宁静的山村依然是一个特别的地方。“pass away”是固定短语，意为“过去；消失”，结合首字母和语境可知，这里说春天会过去，故填(p)ass。 8．句意：通过这种方式，他只是想表达对宁静和谐生活的热爱以及对朝廷腐败的厌恶。“show one’s love/like of...”表示“表达某人对……的热爱”，结合语境，王维通过诗表达对宁静生活的热爱，符合语义，故可以填(l)ove/(l)ike。 9．句意：例如，松树和莲花代表着毅力和高洁，如今它们也代表着中国精神。根据“and they also...Chinese spirits nowadays.”和首字母可知，这里说松树和莲花“代表”中国精神，动词“represent”意为“代表”，故填(r)epresent。 10．句意：唐诗确实是中国传统文化的瑰宝。根据“Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese...”和文化常识可知，这里说唐诗是传统文化的瑰宝，“traditional Chinese culture”意思是“中国传统文化”，符合语境，故填(c)ulture。 （12） （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）根据首字母提示, 完成短文中所缺词汇。 “Look in my eyes. Tell me why.” Have you found yourself listening to. “ancient (古代的) people” online r 1 ? Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring some famous people from h 2 like Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Du Fu “back to life”. These videos have become more popular, showing these ancient icons speaking in a modern l 3 . In one video, Du Fu talks about his special experience during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another video, Ming Dynasty m 4 scientist Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles, like trying to be healthy by d 5 goji berry (枸杞)  water but still staying up late. “The videos make me want to learn more about important ancient people. I didn’t know much about their stories b 6 ,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. However, the new trend isn’t for everyone. The way these ancient people s 7 , in high tones and always asking questions, causes some people to be angry. “They’re too pushy, which is different from how they really were,” said 14-year-old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu. Xia Boen, 14, from Hubei, f 8 the same. But he was very surprised to find that he could remember almost everything they said about their own interesting e 9 and great achievements (成就). It thanked to the speaking style in the videos. These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. But “we should be c 10 with these videos, making sure they are not sharing fake information,” noted Nanfang Daily. 【答案】1．(r)ecently 2．(h)istory 3．(l)anguage 4．(m)edical 5．(d)rinking 6．(b)efore 7．(s)peak 8．(f)elt 9．(e)xperiences 10．(c)areful 【导语】讲述了视频博主利用 AI 技术让古代名人“复活”并以现代语言“讲话”的现象。这些视频受到一些人欢迎，能引发人们对古人的兴趣，但也有人不满其说话方式。尽管这种方式有独特之处，媒体提醒人们要谨慎对待，确保其不传播虚假信息 。 1．句意：你是否发现自己最近在网上听“古人”讲话？根据“Have you found yourself listening to 'ancient (古代的) people’ online...”可知，这里需要一个副词来表示时间，结合首字母“r”，recently“最近”符合语境。故填(r)ecently。 2．句意：有创意的视频博主正在使用人工智能技术，让一些历史上著名的人物，比如唐代诗人李白和杜甫“复活”。根据“Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring some famous people from...like Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Du Fu ‘back to life’.”可知，李白和杜甫是历史上的人物，结合首字母“h”，history“历史”符合语境。故填(h)istory。 3．句意：这些视频变得更受欢迎，展示了这些古代人物用现代语言说话。根据“showing these ancient icons speaking in a modern...”可知，这里说的是用现代语言，结合首字母“l”，language“语言”符合语境。故填(l)anguage。 4．句意：在另一个视频中，明代医学专家李时珍嘲笑现代的生活方式，比如试图通过喝枸杞水来保持健康，但还是熬夜。根据“Ming Dynasty...scientist Li Shizhen”并结合常识可知，李时珍是医学科学家，结合首字母“m”，medical“医学的”符合语境。故填(m)edical。 5．句意：在另一个视频中，明代医学专家李时珍嘲笑现代的生活方式，比如试图通过喝枸杞水来保持健康，但还是熬夜。根据“like trying to be healthy by...goji berry（枸杞）water but still staying up late.”可知，“by”是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，结合首字母“d”，drink“喝”的动名词形式“drinking”符合语境。故填(d)rinking。 6．句意：我以前对他们的故事了解不多。根据“I didn’t know much about their stories...”可知，这里表示在看视频之前了解不多，结合首字母“b”，before“以前”符合语境。故填(b)efore。 7．句意：这些古人说话的方式，声音高亢，还总是提问，让一些人很生气。根据“The way these ancient people...in high tones and always asking questions, causes some people to be angry.”可知，这里说的是古人说话的方式，结合首字母“s”，speak“说话”符合语境。故填(s)peak。 8．句意：来自湖北的 14 岁的夏伯恩也有同样的感觉。根据“Xia Boen, 14, from Hubei...the same.”可知，这里表示有同样的感觉，结合首字母“f”，feel“感觉”符合语境，文章整体时态是一般过去时，所以用“felt”。故填(f)elt。 9．句意：但他惊讶地发现，他几乎能记住他们所说的关于自己有趣的经历和伟大成就的每一件事。根据“he could remember almost everything they said about their own interesting...and great achievements (成就)”可知，这里说的是有趣的经历，结合首字母“e”，experience“经历”是可数名词，这里要用复数形式“experiences”。故填(e)xperiences。 10．句意：但《南方日报》指出：“我们应该谨慎对待这些视频，确保它们没有传播虚假信息。”根据“we should be...with these videos, making sure they are not sharing fake information”可知，这里表示谨慎对待，结合首字母“c”，be careful with意为“小心对待，谨慎对待”，符合语境。故填(c)areful。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $