内容正文:
Unit 4 Free time知
识
归
纳
语音语调
1. 掌握字母组合“oo”的正确发音及书写:
· oo /ʊ/(例:good/ɡʊd/,book /bʊk/,look /lʊk/)
· ck /k/(例:hockey /ˈhɒki/,luck /lʌk/,back /bæk/)
2. 语调规则:
询问业余活动的特殊疑问句用降调↘,
如 “What do you do in your free time?”(句末语气下降,表提问)
询问周末计划的特殊疑问句用降调↘,
如 “What are you going to do this weekend?”(句末语气下降,表提问)
必记单词
单词
hockey(曲棍球),volunteer(志愿者),together(一起),special(特殊的),beaver(海狸),raccoon(浣熊),moose(驼鹿),club(俱乐部),chore(家务),stamp(邮票),painting(画作),nature(自然)
短语
in free time(在业余时间),go to a club(去俱乐部),twice a week(一周两次),once a week(一周一次),do chores(做家务),take out the rubbish(倒垃圾),water the plants(浇花),clean the living room(打扫客厅),art gallery(美术馆),nature show(自然节目)
必会句型
1. 询问业余活动的句型
句型结构:What do you do in your free time?
答语:I + 频度副词 + 动词原形 + 其他.
例:— What do you do in your free time? 你业余时间做什么?
— I often go to a swimming club. 我经常去游泳俱乐部。
2.询问周末计划的句型
句型结构:What are you going to do this weekend?
答语:I’m going to + 动词原形 + 其他.
例:— What are you going to do this weekend? 这个周末你打算做什么?
— I’m going to go fishing with my friend. 我打算和朋友去钓鱼。
3. 描述过去周末的句型
句型结构:I + 动词过去式 + 其他 + last weekend.
例: I visited my grandparents last weekend. 我上周末看望了祖父母。
核心语法
1. 一般现在时表习惯性动作:常与频度副词(always/often/sometimes/never/once a week等)连用,描述业余日常活动;
2. 一般将来时(be going to):表示计划、打算做的事,用于描述周末/未来的业余安排;
3. 一般过去时:描述过去发生的业余活动、周末经历,掌握规则/不规则动词过去式;
4. 频度副词的用法:放在实义动词前,be动词/助动词后。
考
点
速
记
考点 01
频度副词与一般现在时的用法
— I often read books.我经常读书。
—She often goes to the park.她经常去公园。
定义:一般现在时结合频度副词,用于描述经常性、习惯性的业余活动,常搭配in free time/on weekends等时间状语。
1. 常见频度副词:always(总是)> often(经常)> sometimes(有时)> seldom(很少)> never(从不)
2. 位置规则:频度副词置于实义动词前,be动词、助动词/情态动词后。
例:I often go to the hockey club. 我经常去冰球俱乐部。
She is always late for school.她总是上学迟到。
3. 特殊搭配:表频率的短语(once a week/twice a month)放句末。
例:He goes to the volunteer club once a week.
提分练
1、 用所给频度副词填空
A. always B.often C.sometimes D.never E. usually
1. I ______ go to school by bike, but today I take the bus.
2. She ______ watches TV at night. She thinks it’s a waste of time.
3. My father ______ reads newspapers after breakfast. It’s his daily habit.
4. We ______ go to the park on Sundays, not every week.
5. Tom ______ plays basketball after school. He likes it very much.
二、按要求改写句子
1. I go to the swimming club every weekend.(加often改写)
2. She does chores at home on Saturdays.(加sometimes改写)
3. They watch nature shows in the evening.(加never改写)
4. He goes to the art club twice a week.(对划线部分提问)
5. I am late for the volunteer club.(加never改写)
考点 02
一般将来时(be going to)表计划安排
Bill is going to teach her to sing a Chinese song. 比尔将要教她一首中文歌曲。
Tina is going to sing with Bill.蒂娜将要和比尔一起合唱。
句型详解:
· be going to + 动词原形(do),用于表达对未来(周末、假期)业余活动的计划和打算,常与this weekend/tomorrow/next week等时间状语连用。
1. 结构变化:
· 肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形 + 其他.
· 否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他.
· 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
2. 主谓一致:
I用am,you/we/they用are,he/she/it用is。
提分练
一、用be going to的适当形式填空
1. I ______ ______ (clean) my room this weekend.
2. She ______ ______ (go) to the dancing club tomorrow afternoon.
3. They ______ ______ (not watch) a nature show this evening.
4. ______ Tom ______ ______ (play) hockey with his friends?
5. We ______ ______ (visit) the art gallery next Sunday.
二、按要求改写句子
1. I am going to do chores at home this Saturday.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
2. She is going to sing a Chinese song for Tina.(改为否定句)
3. They are going to go fishing next weekend.(对划线部分提问)
4. Ted is going to take out the rubbish this morning.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
5. I am going to read some books in the library.(对划线部分提问)
考点 03
一般过去时描述过去的业余活动
—On Saturday morning,I cleaned the living room.周六早上我打扫了客厅。
— I went to a park with my friends.我和朋友去了公园。
语法详解:
· 一般过去时用于描述过去发生的周末活动、业余经历,句中常含last weekend/yesterday/on Saturday等过去时间状语,核心是掌握动词过去式的变化。
1. 规则变化:
· 直接加ed(clean→cleaned);
· 以e结尾加d(dance→danced);
· 辅音+y结尾变y为i加ed(study→studied)。
2. 不规则变化:
go→went,see→saw,do→did,read→read,buy→bought。
3. 否定/疑问:借助did,did后动词还原为原形。
提分练
一、写出下列动词的过去式
1. clean ________ 2. go ________ 3. see ________ 4. do ________ 5. water ________
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (visit) Ted’s grandparents last Sunday.
2. She ______ (clean) the living room with her family yesterday morning.
3. They ______ (see) Uncle Bob’s paintings in the City Gallery last Saturday.
4. He ______ (read) some storybooks in the afternoon.
5. We ______ (go) fishing by the lake last weekend.
考点 04
一般过去时态的疑问句:
What did you do last weekend?你上个周末做什么了?
Did you have a special weekend?你度过了一个特别的周末吗?
一般过去时态的疑问句:
1. 特殊疑问句
句型结构:特殊疑问词(What)+did(助动词过去式)+主语+(动词原形)+时间?
回答:主语+动词过去式(动作)+时间。
例句:—What did you do last Friday?你上周五去做什么了?
—I went to the zoo last Friday.我上周五去了动物园。
2. 一般疑问句
句型结构:Did+主语+动词原形(活动)+时间?答语:Yes,主语+过去分词/No,主语+过去分词+not。
例句:Did you go to school yesterday?你昨天上学了吗?
No,I didn't.没有,我没去。(Yes,I did.)是的,我去了。
提分练
一、选择合适的短语填空(注意形式变化)
go to a volunteer club, do chores, take out the rubbish, watch a nature show, twice a week
1. Bill ______ ______ ______ ______ to help old people every week.
2. My mother ______ ______ at home every morning, like cleaning the room.
3. Tom ______ ______ ______ after dinner yesterday.
4. We ______ ______ ______ about Canadian animals last night.
5. Lily goes to the dancing club ______ ______.
二、单项选择题
( )1. What did you _______last weekend?
A. did B. do C. goes
( )2. ________you visit your grandparents last Saturday?
A. did B. Do C. Did
( )3.________did you go this morning?
—I went to the hospital with my sister.
A. What B. Where C. How
( )4. We are going to ______ the art gallery next weekend.
A. visit B. visits C. visited
( )5. What did you do ________?
A. last weekend B. now C.today
参考答案
考点01 频度副词与一般现在时的用法
一、用所给频度副词填空
1. usually(解析:结合“今天坐公交”,表“通常骑自行车”)
2. never(解析:由“觉得浪费时间”可知“从不看电视”)
3. always(解析:由“日常习惯”可知“总是看报纸”)
4. sometimes(解析:由“不是每周”可知“有时去公园”)
5. often(解析:由“很喜欢”可知“经常打篮球”)
二、按要求改写句子
1. I often go to the swimming club every weekend.(解析:频度副词放实义动词go前)
2. She sometimes does chores at home on Saturdays.(解析:频度副词放实义动词does前)
3. They never watch nature shows in the evening.(解析:频度副词放实义动词watch前)
4. How often does he go to the art club?(解析:对频率提问用how often,主语he用助动词does)
5. I am never late for the volunteer club.(解析:频度副词放be动词am后)
考点02 一般将来时(be going to)表计划安排
一、用be going to的适当形式填空
1. am going to clean(解析:主语I,be动词用am)
2. is going to go(解析:主语she,be动词用is)
3. are not going to watch(解析:主语they,be动词用are,否定加not)
4. Is; going to play(解析:主语Tom,be动词用is,一般疑问句提至句首)
5. are going to visit(解析:主语we,be动词用are)
二、按要求改写句子
1. —Are you going to do chores at home this Saturday? —Yes, I am.(解析:一般疑问句将am提至句首,I变you,肯定回答用Yes, I am.)
2. She is not going to sing a Chinese song for Tina.(解析:否定句在be动词is后加not)
3. What are they going to do next weekend?(解析:对做的事提问用what,be动词提至主语前)
4. —Is Ted going to take out the rubbish this morning? —No, he isn’t.(解析:一般疑问句将is提至句首,否定回答用No, he isn’t.)
5. Where are you going to read some books?(解析:对地点提问用where,be动词提至主语前,I变you)
考点03 一般过去时描述过去的业余活动
一、写出下列动词的过去式
1. cleaned 2. went 3. saw 4. did 5. watered(解析:water为规则动词,直接加ed)
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. visited(解析:last Sunday为过去时间,用动词过去式)
2. cleaned(解析:yesterday morning为过去时间,用动词过去式)
3. saw(解析:last Saturday为过去时间,see的过去式为不规则saw)
4. read(解析:read的过去式与原形同形,发音为/red/)
5. went(解析:last weekend为过去时间,go的过去式为不规则went)
考点04 一般过去时态的疑问句
一、选择合适的短语填空
1. goes to a volunteer club(解析:主语Bill为第三人称单数,一般现在时动词用三单)
2. does chores(解析:主语my mother为三单,一般现在时动词用三单)
3. took out the rubbish(解析:yesterday为过去时间,用动词过去式)
4. watched a nature show(解析:last night为过去时间,用动词过去式)
5. twice a week(解析:表“一周两次”,放句末表频率)
二、单项选择题 BCBAA
1. B(解析:last weekend表示上周,是过去的动作,故问句中以did助动词引导的特殊疑问句后面用动词原形,故选择do)
2.C(解析:last Saturday是“上周六”是过去的时间,故一般疑问句助动词用过去分词的Did,而且开头要大写。)
3. B(解析:根据答语的“I went to the hospital with my sister.”可知went to the hospital表示的是去了医院,是一个地点,故问句的特殊疑问词用表示地点的“Where”。)
4. A(解析:be going to后接动词原形)
5. A(解析:句子当中助动词是did说明这是过去式的句子,时间也应该是过去,B是现在,C是今天,只有A“上周”是过去的时间)
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