2026届高考英语考前必备常见一词多义专项训练一

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语常见一词多义，通过多语境例句训练词汇在不同情境下的准确理解与应用，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A-D|20-26词/模块，每词3-9例句|句子语境填词义|以词汇为核心，多义项按词性/语境分类，通过例句建立语境与词义的关联，覆盖高频考法|

高考英语考前必备常见一词多义 专项训练(A—D） 阅读下列句子并在横线上写出黑体单词的汉语意思。 A 1 .accident n. ① I saw an accident when I walked in the street._____________ ② I'm sorry about breaking the vase ---it was an accident._____________ 2 .absent adj./v. ① He has been absent from work for three days._____________ ② Love was totally absent from his childhood._____________ ③ She had an absent look on her face._____________ ④ He absented himself from the office for the day._____________ 3.abuse v. /n. ① She is continually abusing her position by getting other people to do things for her.___________ ② She claimed to have been a victim of child abuse._____________ ③ The athlete was being verbally abused by a drunk fan in the crowd._____________ 4. accommodate v. ① This hotel can accommodate more than 500 guests. _____________ ② He accommodated me when I asked him for help. _____________ 5. ache v. /n. ① My head aches from studying all night._____________ ② She ached for home._____________ 6. act v. /n. ① We have to act now to stop the spread of this disease._____________ ② He acted as if nothing had happened._____________ ③ Alcohol acts on the nervous system._____________ ④ She has acted in a number of successful Hollywood films._____________ ⑤ He acted as a guide for the tourists._____________ ⑥ Helping the old lady was a simple act of kindness._____________ ⑦ The state passed an act banning smoking in public places._____________ ⑧ Shakespeare's plays were written in five acts._____________ ⑨ Was she really upset or was that just an act?_____________ 7.acknowledge v. ① He acknowledged that he had made a serious error._____________ ② I would like to acknowledge the help of my colleagues._____________ ③ He saw her but refused to even acknowledge her._____________ ④ It is generally acknowledged that smoking is harmful._____________ 8.address v. /n. ① Please write your name and address on the form._____________ ② He delivered a moving address at the conference._____________ ③ We need to address the issue of climate change immediately._____________ ④ He addressed the audience in a calm voice._____________ ⑤ How should I address you?_____________ ⑥ Please address all inquiries to our customer service department._____________ 9.admit v． ① He admitted his mistake and apologized._____________ ② Each ticket admits one adult and one child._____________ ③ The theater admits 500 people._____________ 10.announce v． ① The company announced plans to open six new stores.____________ ② The loudspeaker announced the arrival of the train.____________ ③ Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.____________ 11.advance v. /n./adj. ① Medical technology has advanced considerably.____________ ② The meeting has been advanced to next Monday.____________ ③ The bank advanced $1.2 billion to help the country with debt repayments.____________ ④ The scientist advanced a groundbreaking theory.____________ ⑤ Nothing could stop the advance of the floodwaters.____________ ⑥ He asked for an advance on his salary.____________ ⑦ On the New York Stock Exchange, 1,228 issues advanced and 1,157 declined.____________ ⑧ We got no advance notice of the changes.____________ 12. air n./v. ① Let's go outside for some fresh air.____________ ② The police fired their guns into the air.____________ ③ Air travel has become much more affordable.____________ ④ She has an air of confidence about her.____________ ⑤ There was an air of excitement at the meeting.____________ ⑥ He whistled a cheerful air.____________ ⑦ The room needs to be aired.____________ ⑧ She aired the bedclothes on the line.____________ ⑨ The meeting gave us a chance to air our views.____________ ⑩ The documentary will be aired on CCTV9 tonight.____________ 13. account n./v. ① I opened a new bank account to manage my savings.____________ ② She keeps a detailed account of all her expenses.____________ ③ The witness gave a detailed account of the accident.____________ ④ The advertising agency has several major accounts. ____________ ⑤ Can you account for your absence yesterday?____________ ⑥ This product accounts for 30% of our total sales.____________ ⑦ He is accounted a brilliant scientist. ____________ 14. accompany v. ① Children under 12 must be accompanied by an adult.____________ ② Strong winds were accompanied by heavy rain.____________ ③ He accompanied her on the piano.____________ 15.appear v. ① A ship suddenly appeared on the horizon.____________ ② She appears (to be) very confident.____________ ③ He often appears on national television.____________ ④ His new book will appear in the spring.____________ ⑤ She will appear in court tomorrow.____________ 16.apply v. ① She decided to apply for a scholarship to fund her studies.____________ ② We should apply what we learn in class to our daily lives.____________ ③ This rule does not apply to children under 12.____________ ④ Apply the cream to your face and neck every morning.____________ ⑤ The nurse carefully applied a bandage to the wound. ____________ ⑥ If you apply yourself, you can learn a new language quickly.____________ 17.arm v. /n. ① She broke her arm in a cycling accident.____________ ② She rested her head on the arm of the sofa.____________ ③ Soldiers were ordered to lay down their arms. ____________ ④ The company's European arm is based in London.____________ ⑤ A narrow arm of the sea cuts into the coastline.____________ ⑥ The government is arming the police to deal with the increased threat.____________ ⑦ You need to arm yourself with patience for this job.____________ 18. attend v. ① Thousands of people attended the funeral.____________ ② Our children attend the same school.____________ ③ He took a short leave to attend to personal business.____________ ④ A nurse attended to his needs constantly.____________ ⑤ I'm afraid I wasn't attending to what was being said.____________ ⑥ Danger attends risk.____________ 19. assume v. ① I assumed (that) you knew each other because you went to the same school.____________ ② She is likely to assume the position of team captain next season.____________ ③ In his dreams, the mountains assumed enormous importance.____________ ④ She assumed an air of concern.____________ 20.appreciate v. ① I would appreciate it if you could let me know in advance.____________ ② Her talents are not fully appreciated in that company.____________ ③ He appreciates that co-operation is part of his duties.____________ ④ Our house has appreciated by 50% in the last two years.____________ B 21. balance v./n. ① It's difficult to keep your balance on an icy road.____________ ② Please pay the balance of $50 within 30 days.____________ ③ The chemist used a sensitive laboratory balance to weigh the chemicals.____________ ④ The design achieves a perfect balance of color and form.____________ ⑤ The gymnast can balance on one hand.____________ ⑥ You need to balance the risks against the potential benefits.____________ ⑦ At the end of the month, the accountant must balance the books.____________ 22.bar n./v./prep. ① We met at a bar called the Flamingo.____________ ② What is your favourite chocolate bar?____________ ③ One of the fundamental bars to communication is the lack of a common language.____________ ④ He stepped in front of her, barring her way.____________ ⑤ For added safety, bar the door to the kitchen.____________ ⑥ The judge will put him behind bars for at least two years.____________ ⑦ All the work bar the laundry is done.____________ 23.back n./adv./adj./v. ① He lay on his back, staring at the ceiling.____________ ② Please write your name on the back of the photo.____________ ③ She leaned back in her chair and relaxed.____________ ④ He plays at left back for the national team.____________ ⑤ She stepped back from the door expectantly.____________ ⑥ Don't forget to put the book back on the shelf.____________ ⑦ This tradition dates back to the 16th century.____________ ⑧ I'm busy right now, can I call you back later?____________ ⑨ I'll back you up no matter what happens.____________ ⑩ He backed his car into the garage.____________ ⑪ The kangaroo uses its back legs to jump.____________ ⑫ I bought some back issues of science magazines.____________ 24.bear n./v. ① The little boy held the teddy bear tightly.____________ ② He can't bear being laughed at. ____________ ③ The ice is too thin to bear your weight.____________ ④ The houses bear the marks of bullet holes.____________ ⑤ As the plants grow and start to bear fruit they will need a lot of water.____________ 25. beat n./v. ① She has beaten her own world record.____________ ② The heavy rain was beating against the windows.____________ ③ I could feel my heart beating faster with excitement.____________ ④ First, beat the eggs and sugar together until thick.____________ ⑤ Taking the bus sure beats walking in this heat!____________ ⑥ It beats me why he decided to quit his job.____________ ⑦ He tapped his foot to the beat of the music.____________ ⑧ Her heart skipped a beat when she saw the surprise.____________ 26. bill n./v. ① I need to pay the electricity bill before the end of the month.____________ ② The new education bill was passed by Congress yesterday.____________ ③ Do you have change for a twenty-dollar bill?____________ ④ Bob Dylan topped the bill at the music festival.____________ ⑤ The bird has a long, pointed bill.____________ ⑥ He pulled the bill of his cap down over his eyes.____________ ⑦ The lawyer billed me for 10 hours of work.____________ ⑧ The new movie is being billed as a romantic comedy.____________ 27.blank adj./n./v. ① Please write your name in the blank space at the bottom of the form.____________ ② He looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about.____________ ③ The army refused blank to do what was required of them.____________ ④ Fill in the blanks on this application form.____________ ⑤ I'm sorry, but my mind is a blank. I can't remember his name.____________ ⑥ I knew the answer, but I totally blanked during the test.____________ ⑦ I saw her on the bus this morning, but she totally blanked me.____________ 28.blue adj./n./v. ① The sky was a brilliant blue.____________ ② I'm feeling a bit blue today.____________ ③ Her hands were blue with cold.____________ ④ Blue is my favorite color.____________ ⑤ He loves listening to the blues.____________ ⑥ Music always helps me get over the blues.____________ ⑦ She blued the white dress to make it look brighter.____________ 29. break v./n. ① He dropped the plate and it broke into pieces.____________ ② My watch has broken.____________ ③ People who break the law must be punished.____________ ④ Sorry to break the silence, but we need to leave.____________ ⑤ She broke the world record for the 100 meters.____________ ⑥ The scandal broke yesterday.____________ ⑦ His voice is starting to break.____________ ⑧ It's hard to break the habit of smoking.____________ ⑨ Dawn was breaking as we set out.____________ ⑩ The students are playing during the break.____________ ⑪ The sun shone through a break in the clouds.____________ ⑫ This role was her big break in Hollywood.____________ 30. break down ① Our car broke down on the highway and we had to call for help.____________ ② Their marriage broke down after years of constant arguments.____________ ③ When she heard the bad news, she broke down and cried.____________ ④ The task won't feel so overwhelming if you break it down into small steps.____________ ⑤ If you don't take regular breaks, your body will eventually break down.____________ ⑥ Sports can help break down barriers between people of different cultures.____________ 31.book n./v. ① I’ve just started reading a really interesting book.____________ ② Please write the answers in your exercise books.____________ ③ Running a school is a business, and we have to balance our books.____________ ④ The Bible is divided into many books.____________ ⑤ Can I have a book of stamps, please?____________ ⑥ We were advised to book our flights early to get cheaper tickets.____________ ⑦ The police took him to the station and booked him for speeding.____________ 32. build n./v. ① The birds built their nest in the old oak tree.___________ ② It takes time and patience to build trust in a relationship.___________ ③ The excitement built up as the concert approached.___________ ④ He is of medium build with short brown hair.___________ C 33. charge n./v. ① How much do you charge for a haircut? ___________ ② I need to charge my phone before we leave.___________ ③ He was charged with stealing company funds.___________ ④ She charged into the room to tell us the good news.___________ ⑤ Please charge the bill to my account.___________ ⑥ We offer free repairs with no extra charge.___________ ⑦ Who is in charge of this department? ___________ ⑧ He denied the charge that he had lied to the public.___________ ⑨ Electrons have a negative electric charge.___________ 34. cause n./v. ① Smoking can cause serious health problems.___________ ② The bright light caused her to blink.___________ ③ The police are still investigating the cause of the accident.___________ ④ Many people donated money to support the environmental cause.___________ 35. close n./v./adj./adv. ① Please close the door and window before leaving.___________ ② The meeting will close at 10:00 p.m.___________ ③ Many small shops were forced to close due to the pandemic.___________ ④ These measures aim to close the gap between the rich and the poor.___________ ⑤ As Christmas gets closer, the shops get more crowded.___________ ⑥ They have a very close relationship with their neighbors.___________ ⑦ It was a very close match, but we won in the end.___________ ⑧ Police are paying close attention to the situation.___________ ⑨ It's very close in this room; can I open a window?___________ ⑩ He came close, but she drew back.___________ ⑪ The meeting came to a close at noon. ___________ 36.course n./v. ① I'm taking a course in business administration.___________ ② In the course of the interview, it became clear that he was perfect for the job.___________ ③ The pilot changed course to avoid the storm.___________ ④ The main course was roast duck.___________ ⑤ The best course of action is to wait and see.___________ ⑥They play golf on the local course every weekend.___________ ⑦ My doctor put me on a course of antibiotics.___________ ⑧ Tears were coursing down his cheeks. ___________ 37.cover n./v. ① She covered her face with her hands.___________ ② The textbook covers all the key events of the 20th century.___________ ③ $100 should cover your expenses for the trip.___________ ④ She's covering the American election for BBC television.___________ ⑤ We covered 400 km in three hours.___________ ⑥ I'm going to the doctor's tomorrow, so could you cover my shift for me?___________ ⑦ Many singers have covered this classic song.___________ ⑧ I just spotted a mistake on the front cover.___________ ⑨ I keep my printer under a protective plastic cover.___________ ⑩ The soldiers moved under cover of darkness.___________ 38. case n./v. ① Consumers expected the price increase would lead to more products in shops, but this wasn't the case.___________ ②Talk of wasting money, my buying this car is a case in point.___________ ③The case involved charges of police corruption.___________ ④She took her violin out of its case.___________ ⑤The number of new cases of the illness appears to be declining.___________ ⑥I think you can win because you have a very strong case.___________ ⑦The goods have been cased up for transport.___________ 39.cross n./v./adj ①It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.__________ ②Meet me at the point where the two paths cross.__________ ③Cross his name off the list.__________ ④A faint smile crossed his lips.__________ ⑤She wore a small silver cross on a chain round her neck.__________ ⑥Put a cross next to those activities you like.__________ ⑦He was very cross because his roommate took his umbrella without permission.__________ 40.date n./v. ①Please write your name, address, and date of birth on the form._________ ②I have a dinner date with Bob tonight._________ ③Dates are very sweet and sticky._________ ④They dated for five years before they got married._________ ⑤Archaeologists have been unable to date these fossils._________ ⑥Once the decision is reached, he can date and sign the sheet._________ 41.develop v. ①Babies develop very quickly during the first year._________ ②She's developed some very strange habits lately._________ ③Scientists are developing a new vaccine for the disease._________ ④He developed a bad cough after running in the rain._________ ⑤I used to develop my own photos in the darkroom._________ ⑥They're planning to develop the whole site into a shopping complex._________ 42. deal n./v. ① We finally struck a deal with the new supplier._________ ② She spent a great deal of time preparing for this exam._________ ③ The residents have received an unfair deal for decades._________ ④ She is very good at dealing with difficult customers. _________ ⑤ The company deals in antique furniture._________ ⑥ The latest economic figures dealt a severe blow to the government's plans._________ 43.deliver v. ① The postman delivers letters and parcels every morning.________ ② The president will deliver a speech on education reform.________ ③ I'm certain that he will deliver on his promise.________ ④ The doctor delivered over 100 babies last year.________ ⑤ The police said it was the blow delivered to her head that killed her.________ ⑥ Education delivered him from ignorance.________ 44.drive n./v. ① Can you drive me to the airport tomorrow morning?________ ② She was driven by a strong desire to succeed.________ ③ The farmers used dogs to drive the sheep into the pen.________ ④ Consumer spending drives the country's economic growth.________ ⑤ He used a hammer to drive the nail into the wall.________ ⑥ Let's go for a drive in the countryside this weekend.________ ⑦ He is clever, but he lacks the drive to succeed.________ ⑧ We parked the car in the drive.________ 45.dead adj./adv. ① The flowers are dead and need to be replaced.________ ② My phone suddenly went dead.________ ③ It's so cold outside that my fingers feel dead.________ ④ The party was dead last night.________ ⑤ The car came to a dead stop.________ ⑥ Latin is a dead language.________ ⑦ I'm dead after that long trip.________ ⑧ He was dead tired after the marathon.________ ⑨ I always try to arrive dead on time.________ 46.draw n./v. ① The children drew pictures of their families.________ ② He drew his chair nearer the fire.________ ③ He's an excellent speaker who always draws a crowd.________ ④ Villagers still have to draw their water from wells.________ ⑤ He drew two conclusions from this experiment.________ ⑥ He drew his sword and turned to face his pursuers.________ ⑦ Manchester United and Leeds drew 2-2.________ ⑧ As Christmas draws nearer, the shops get crowded.________ ⑨ The match ended in a draw.________ ⑩ They drew lots/straws to decide who would go first.________ ⑪ A live band is always a good draw at a party.________ 参考答案 1. 事故；意外、偶然的事 2. 缺席的、不在场的;缺乏的、不存在的；心不在焉的、茫然的；缺席、离开 3.滥用；虐待；辱骂；4.容纳;准予、提供5.疼痛、隐痛；渴望6.行动、做事; 表现、举止;起作用、见效;扮演、演出;充当、担任;行为、行动;法案、法令;（戏剧的）一幕;装模作样、假装7.承认； 公开致谢；打招呼；公认8.地址；演说；解决；向…发表演说；称呼; 在…上写地址9.承认；准许…进入；容纳10.宣布；通知；预示11.前进；提前； 预付;提出; 前进；预付款;上涨;预先的；12. 空气；天空；航空；神态；氛围; 旋律;通风；晾干;发表;播出13.账号;账目；描述；客户;解释；占比;视为14.陪伴;与……同时发生;为……伴奏15.出现;好像;露面;出版;出席16.申请;应用;适用;涂抹、敷;施加;专心17.胳膊;扶手;武器;分支;狭长地带;武装;准备18.参加;经常去;处理;照料;注意;伴随19.认为;担任;具有;假装20.感激;赏识;意识到;增值21.平衡;余额;秤;协调;保持平衡;权衡;结算22.酒吧;块、棒;障碍；拦住；堵、闩;在监狱服刑;除……外（相当于 except）23.背;后面、背面;靠背;后卫;向后、回原处;恢复原状；以前、追溯;回报、回复;支持;倒车;后面的;过期的24.熊;忍受;承受;具有;结果实25.战胜、赢过；击、敲；跳动；搅拌；胜过、比……更好；使困惑；节拍；跳动26.账单;法案;纸币;演员表、海报;喙;帽檐;向……收费;宣传27.空白的;茫然的;彻底的、断然的;空白处;一片空白;（突然）忘掉;不理睬28.蓝色的;忧郁的;青紫的;蓝色;布鲁斯音乐；沮丧的情绪;把…染成蓝色29.打破;出故障;违反;打断;突破;透露;变粗;戒掉;破晓;休息;裂缝;机会30.坏掉;破裂;崩溃;分解;垮掉;消除31.书;本子;账目;卷;装订成册的一套东西;预订;将…记录在案;32.建造;建立;逐渐增强;身材;33.收费;充电;控告;猛冲;记在账上;费用;负责;指控;电荷34.导致;使发生;原因;事业35.关闭;结束;关门;缩小（差距）;接近的;亲密的;势均力敌的;仔细的;闷热的;靠近地;结束36.课程；过程；路线；一道菜；方针、做法；比赛场地；疗程；快速流动37.覆盖;包含;足够支付;报道;行走;代替;翻唱;封面;盖子;掩护38.情况；事例；案件；箱、盒；病例；理由；把…装入容器39.穿过;交叉;划掉;掠过;十字形物;叉号;生气的40.日期;约会;枣;谈恋爱;注明日期;追溯41.成长；逐渐形成；开发；患上（疾病）、出现；冲洗；建设42. 交易; 大量;待遇;处理;经营;给予;43.递送;发表;履行;给…接生、生;给予;拯救44.开车;驱使;驱赶;推动;把---敲入;干劲、魄力、决心;车道45.死的;没电的;麻木的、失去知觉的;无趣的、不活跃的;完全（静止）的、绝对的;过时的、废弃的、不再重要的;筋疲力尽的;完全地、绝对地、极其;精确地、径直地46.画;拉、拖;吸引、引起;提取、汲取;得出（结论）、作出（比较）;拔出、抽出;打成平局、不分胜负;移动、行进;平局;抽签、抽奖;有吸引力的人或事物. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $