内容正文:
Unit4 The Wonders of Nature
第六课时(SectionB 3a-3c)知识清单
1、 重点词汇(必背 + 词性转换)
reef
/riːf/
n.
礁;礁脉
—
underwater
/ˌʌndəˈwɔːtə(r)/
adj./adv.
水下的;在水下
—
northeastern
/ˌnɔːθˈiːstən/
adj.
东北的;东北方向的
northeast(n. 东北)
coast
/kəʊst/
n.
海岸;海滨
coastal(adj. 沿海的)
coral
/ˈkɒrəl/
n.
珊瑚
—
include
/ɪnˈkluːd/
v.
包含;包括
including(prep. 包括)
sand
/sænd/
n.
沙子
sandy(adj. 多沙的)
alive
/əˈlaɪv/
adj.
活着的;有活力的
live(v. 居住;adj. 活的)
structure
/ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/
n.
结构;构造
structural(adj. 结构的)
turtle
/ˈtɜːtl/
n.
海龟
—
lifetime
/ˈlaɪftaɪm/
n.
一生;终身
—
amazing
/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/
adj.
令人惊叹的
amazed(adj. 感到惊叹的);amaze(v. 使惊叹)
clear
/klɪə(r)/
adj.
清澈的;清晰的
clearly(adv. 清晰地)
colourful
/ˈkʌləfl/
adj.
色彩鲜艳的
colour(n. 颜色)
large
/lɑːdʒ/
adj.
巨大的
largest(最高级)
square
/skweə(r)/
adj.
平方的
—
kilometre
/ˈkɪləmiːtə(r)/
n.
千米;公里
—
salt
/sɔːlt/
n.
盐
salty(adj. 咸的)
photograph
/ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf/
v./n.
拍照;照片
photography(n. 摄影)
wildlife
/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/
n.
野生动物
—
二、重点短语(必背)
1.natural wonder 自然奇观
2.the Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁
3.northeastern coast 东北海岸
4.coral reef 珊瑚礁
5.take up an area of 占地面积为……
6.square kilometres 平方千米
7.white sand beaches 白色沙滩
8.living structure 生物结构
9.clear water 清澈的海水
10.colourful fish 色彩斑斓的鱼
11.the dream of a lifetime 一生的梦想
12.salt lake 盐湖
13.the largest lake 最大的湖泊
14.photograph wildlife 拍摄野生动物
15.ride a bike/horse 骑自行车 / 骑马
16.compare...with... 把…… 和…… 作比较
17.the lungs of the earth 地球之肺
18.a variety of 各种各样的
三、重点句型(必背 + 会用)
介绍自然奇观(写作万能句)
1.The Great Barrier Reef is one of the most amazing natural wonders in the world.
大堡礁是世界上最令人惊叹的自然奇观之一。
2.It is located on the northeastern coast of Australia.
它位于澳大利亚东北海岸。
3.It is the biggest coral reef on earth.
它是地球上最大的珊瑚礁。
4.It takes up an area of 345,000 square kilometres.
它占地面积 34.5 万平方千米。
5.It includes many islands and white sand beaches.
它包含许多岛屿和白色沙滩。
描述景观与活动
6.You can swim or dive in the clear water and see colourful fish.
你可以在清澈的水中游泳或潜水,观赏色彩斑斓的鱼。
7.Visiting the Great Barrier Reef is the dream of a lifetime.
游览大堡礁是一生的梦想。
8.Qinghai Lake is the largest salt lake in China.
青海湖是中国最大的盐湖。
比较级与最高级
9.The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s biggest rainforest.
亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的雨林。
10.It is bigger than many other lakes.
它比许多其他湖泊都大。
四、语法点拨
最高级
1.one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数:最…… 之一
例:one of the most amazing wonders
2.the + 最高级:最……
例:the largest lake,the biggest rainforest
介绍地理常用句型
3.be located in/on/at 位于……
4.take up an area of... 占地面积为……
5.cover... square kilometres 覆盖…… 平方千米
形容词排序
6.大小 → 颜色 → 名词
例:large colourful fish
五、自我检测小练习
一、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词(每空 1 分,共 10 分)
1.The Great Barrier Reef is a famous c______ reef.
2.Guangzhou is in the s______ part of China.
3.The river is so c______ that we can see fish clearly.
4.I bought a c______ picture to make my room bright.
5.Hainan Island is on the east c______ of China.
6.Our country ______(包括)many different places.
7.The ______(结构)of the building is very strong.
8.I saw a small ______(海龟)on the beach.
9.Visiting the moon is the dream of a ______(一生).
10.We went to the ______(水下)world last week.
二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空(每空 1 分,共 10 分)
1.The Great Wall is one of the greatest ______(wonder).
2.This is ______(large)lake in our country.
3.Thank you for ______(include)me in your team.
4.We can see ______(colour)birds in the forest.
5.The place is ______(amaze). I love it.
6.It ______(cover)5,000 square kilometres.
7.They are ______(interest)in underwater world.
8.She wants ______(photograph)wild animals.
9.The ______(sandy)beach is very beautiful.
10.______(live)things need water and air.
三、单项选择(每小题 2 分,共 20 分)
( )1. The lake is ______ the north of our city.
A. located B. located in C. located on D. located at
( )2. This is ______ mountain in our country.
A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest
( )3. The park ______ an area of 10 square kilometres.
A. takes up B. takes off C. takes away D. takes out
( )4. You can swim ______ the clear water.
A. on B. at C. in D. under
( )5. Hainan is famous ______ its beautiful beaches.
A. for B. as C. to D. in
( )6. This is a ______ story. I feel ______.
A. amazed; amazing B. amazing; amazed
C. amaze; amazing D. amaze; amazed
( )7. There are many ______ in the forest.
A. wildlife B. wild lives C. wild life D. wild animals
( )8. Visiting the palace is the dream ______ a lifetime.
A. for B. of C. in D. at
( )9. The Amazon is called “the ______ of the earth”.
A. heart B. lungs C. hand D. eye
( )10. We can see ______ fish in the lake.
A. colour B. colourful C. colourfully D. colours
四、句型转换(每空 1 分,共 10 分)
1.The lake is 4,000 square kilometres.(同义句)
2.The lake ______ ______ an area of 4,000 square kilometres.
3.This is the most beautiful park.(同义句)
4.This park is ______ beautiful ______ any other park.
5.It is in Australia. It is a natural wonder.(合并)
6.It is a natural wonder ______ ______ Australia.
7.You can swim here. You can dive here.(合并)
8.You can ______ swim ______ dive here.
9.The water is clear. We can see fish.(合并)
10.The water is ______ clear ______ we can see fish.
自我检测答案
一、单词拼写
1.coral 2. southern 3. clear 4. colourful 5. coast
6.includes 7. structure 8. turtle 9. lifetime 10. underwater
二、词形转换
1.wonders 2. the largest 3. including 4. colourful 5. amazing
6.covers 7. interested 8. to photograph 9. sandy 10. Living
三、单项选择
1–5: BDACA
6–10: BDBBB
四、句型转换
1.takes up 2.more; than 3.located in 4.both; and 5.so; that
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Unit4 The Wonders of Nature
Section B Why do we explore nature?(原卷版)
第五课时 (Section B 3a-3c) 分层作业
基础知识累积
词汇夯基
一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。
1. It is ____ /əˈlaɪv/with colorful fish and coral, making it a famous natural wonder.
2.Many visitors walk along the c________ (海岸) and enjoy the wind.
3. Does the price of the hotel room i________ (包括) a free breakfast?.
4. The wind blows the white ________ (沙子) and makes the beach more beautiful.
5.The ancient ________ (结构) of Zhaozhou Bridge still surprises modern engineers.
二、根据语境,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
island, colour, structure, lifetime northeast
1. The weather in the ______area around Changbai Mountain is very cold in winter.
2. You can see _____ fish in the water.
3. Visiting the reef is the dream of a ________.
4. It is the largest living ________ on earth.
5. The reef includes many ________ and white sand beaches.
句型及短语聚焦
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 这个节目展示了保护珊瑚礁的重要性。
This program shows the importance of protecting _____ _____.
2. 如果你参观它,你会看到地球上最大的活体结构。
If you __________ it, you will see the largest living __________ on earth.
3. 大堡礁是世界上最令人惊叹的旅游地之一。
The Great Barrier Reef is one of ___ _____ ____ places to visit..
4.他一生中从未见过如此壮观的瀑布。
He has never seen such a spectacular waterfall ______ ______ ______.
5. 湖里有三种不同类型的鱼。
There are three different ______ ______ fish in the lake.
6.老照片让那段历史重新活了过来。
The old photos made that history ______ ______ again.
7.对于热爱海洋的人来说,游览大堡礁是一生的梦想。
For people ________ ________ ________ ________, visiting the Great Barrier Reef is the ________ ________ ________ ________.
8如果你去参观它,你将会看到地球上最大的活体生物结构。
If you visit it, you will see the ________ ________ ________ on earth..
应用素养提升
能力提升
四、阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空(每词限用一次)。
protect research spread prepare collect finish present learn encourage raise
Our class started a “Protect Local Wetland” project last month. The goal was to 1 people’s awareness of natural protection. First, we divided into groups and 2 our tasks. Some groups were responsible for 3 the wetland’s ecosystem, while others 4 protection leaflets and posters. I was in charge of interviewing a local environmentalist. He told me about the wetland’s importance and the threats it faces. His words 5 me a lot. We spent three weeks 6 all the materials and practicing our presentation. By the time the project deadline came, we had 7 the report and the activity plan. Last week, we 8 our project to the school. We also collected signatures from students to support wetland 9 . Everyone agreed that this project helped us 10 more about nature and our responsibility to protect it.
拓展培优
1、 阅读理解。
It’s hard to imagine a place that’s more extreme (极端的) than Death Valley in California and Nevada. Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America. Yet Death Valley is full of life.
Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live. It gets less than two inches of rain a year, so there isn’t much water. It’s hot too. In July, temperatures often rise to over 46°C. The ground is mostly sand and rocks. There is even a dried-up lake that has turned into salt crystals (结晶).
Although the weather conditions in Death Valley is terrible, it is still filled with lives.Nothing can stop plants and animals from making it their home. People have found more than 1,000 types of plants there. It also has 51 types of mammals (哺乳动物), 36 kinds of reptiles (爬行动物), 6 types of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. The animals aren’t all small, either. There are big ones like bighorn sheep, mountain lions,and mule deer.
Water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives in Death Valley. Some plants have roots that go fifty feet under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats get the water they need from the seeds (种子) of desert sunflowers. Tiny pupfish can live in water that is 32°C and five times as salty as the ocean!
1. How much rain does Death Valley get a year?
A.Two inches.
B.Fifty-one inches.
C.At least two inches.
D.Less than two inches.
2. What do we know about Death Valley from the first two paragraphs?
A.There is no life in Death Valley.
B.Death Valley is the coldest and driest in America.
C.It’s hot in Death Valley all year round.
D.The ground in Death Valley is mostly sand and rocks.
3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Sand.
B.Death Valley.
C.The dried-up lake.
D.The weather condition.
4. How does the writer show his idea in Paragraph 3?
A.By listing some numbers.
B.By asking a question.
C.By comparing facts.
D.By telling a story.
5. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A.Life in Death Valley
B.Death Valley-An Easy Place to Live
C.Death Valley-A Place You Can’t Miss!
D.The Challenge of Living in Death Valley
三、阅读还原。阅读短文,从所列选项中,选出最佳选项填入对应空白处,使短文通顺、连贯。(选项中有一项多余)
In Australia there is a famous island called Fraser Island. A great many visitors come here for holidays every year. Why? The reason is that it is special. 1 In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world. It covers an area of 184,000 hectares (公顷).
Though the island is a popular place of interest, there is no airport on the island. The long beach along the east coast works as the airport. 2
On the island there are sand hills without any plants, but there are forests with old trees, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes too. 3
Every year, visitors come to enjoy the island’s natural beauty. People like camping and hiking there. 4 Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction (灭绝). They littered everywhere, and the lakes were seriously polluted.
5 Rules have been set up. For example, visitors are not allowed to use motorboats (摩托艇) or go fishing in the lakes, and they mustn’t leave any rubbish.
A.Planes arrive and leave from here.
B.The island is completely made of sand.
C.People often take photos everywhere.
D.Unluckily, visitors have caused many problems.
E.Many kinds of birds and other animals live in the forest.
F.So it is time to protect the environment of the island.
思维创新
任务型阅读。
The famous Changbai Mountains lie in Northeast China. The name means “Forever White Mountains”. The mountains got this name because of their beautiful snow-covered peaks (山峰). People began to use the name Changbai Mountains around 1000s. Before that, the mountains had different names in history. In a famous book, The Classic of Mountains and Seas, they were under the name of Buxian Shan. In Book of the Later Han, they were called Dandan, Daling.
The Changbai Mountains are beautiful all year round. The best time to take a trip there is between June and September. During this time, the mountain landscape is very beautiful. And the weather is cool. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. It begins to snow in October. The best time to see snow and ski is from November to March.
The Changbai Mountains are home to lots of animals as well. Chinese mergansers (中华秋沙鸭) are among them. The animal is as rare (珍贵的) as the panda.
One of the most famous parts of the mountains is Tianchi. It is the world’s highest crater lake (火山湖). It covers an area (面积) of nearly 10 square kilometres and is the source of some great rivers like the Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River.
1.What do we know about the name of the Changbai Mountains?
__________________(不少于 20 词)
2—4 题 根据短文内容补全表格
Time
Features
Activities
June – September
2.____________________
Enjoy the beautiful landscape
November – March
Snowy and cold
3.____________________
October
4.____________________
—
What is special about Tianchi Lake?
__________________(不少于 10 词)
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Unit4 The Wonders of Nature
Section B Why do we explore nature?(解析版)
第五课时 (Section B 3a-3c) 分层作业
基础知识累积
词汇夯基
一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。
1. It is ____ /əˈlaɪv/with colorful fish and coral, making it a famous natural wonder.
2.Many visitors walk along the c________ (海岸) and enjoy the wind.
3. Does the price of the hotel room i________ (包括) a free breakfast?.
4. The wind blows the white ________ (沙子) and makes the beach more beautiful.
5.The ancient ________ (结构) of Zhaozhou Bridge still surprises modern engineers.
答案:1.alive 2.coast 3.include 4.sand 5.structure
二、根据语境,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
island, colour, structure, lifetime northeast
1. The weather in the ______area around Changbai Mountain is very cold in winter.
2. You can see _____ fish in the water.
3. Visiting the reef is the dream of a ________.
4. It is the largest living ________ on earth.
5. The reef includes many ________ and white sand beaches.
答案:1.northeastern 2.colourful 3.lifetime 4.structure 5.islands
句型及短语聚焦
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 这个节目展示了保护珊瑚礁的重要性。
This program shows the importance of protecting _____ _____.
2. 如果你参观它,你会看到地球上最大的活体结构。
If you __________ it, you will see the largest living __________ on earth.
3. 大堡礁是世界上最令人惊叹的旅游地之一。
The Great Barrier Reef is one of ___ _____ ____ places to visit..
4.他一生中从未见过如此壮观的瀑布。
He has never seen such a spectacular waterfall ______ ______ ______.
5. 湖里有三种不同类型的鱼。
There are three different ______ ______ fish in the lake.
6.老照片让那段历史重新活了过来。
The old photos made that history ______ ______ again.
7.对于热爱海洋的人来说,游览大堡礁是一生的梦想。
For people ________ ________ ________ ________, visiting the Great Barrier Reef is the ________ ________ ________ ________.
8如果你去参观它,你将会看到地球上最大的活体生物结构。
If you visit it, you will see the ________ ________ ________ on earth..
答案:1.coral reefs 2.visit structure 3.the most amazing 4.in his lifetime 5.types of 6.come alive 7.who love the ocean;dream of a lifetime 8.largest living structure
应用素养提升
能力提升
四、阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空(每词限用一次)。
protect research spread prepare collect finish present learn encourage raise
Our class started a “Protect Local Wetland” project last month. The goal was to 1 people’s awareness of natural protection. First, we divided into groups and 2 our tasks. Some groups were responsible for 3 the wetland’s ecosystem, while others 4 protection leaflets and posters. I was in charge of interviewing a local environmentalist. He told me about the wetland’s importance and the threats it faces. His words 5 me a lot. We spent three weeks 6 all the materials and practicing our presentation. By the time the project deadline came, we had 7 the report and the activity plan. Last week, we 8 our project to the school. We also collected signatures from students to support wetland 9 . Everyone agreed that this project helped us 10 more about nature and our responsibility to protect it.
答案:1.raise 2. prepared 3. researching 4. collected 5. encouraged 6. spreading 7. finished 8. presented 9. protection 10. learn
拓展培优
1、 阅读理解。
It’s hard to imagine a place that’s more extreme (极端的) than Death Valley in California and Nevada. Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America. Yet Death Valley is full of life.
Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live. It gets less than two inches of rain a year, so there isn’t much water. It’s hot too. In July, temperatures often rise to over 46°C. The ground is mostly sand and rocks. There is even a dried-up lake that has turned into salt crystals (结晶).
Although the weather conditions in Death Valley is terrible, it is still filled with lives.Nothing can stop plants and animals from making it their home. People have found more than 1,000 types of plants there. It also has 51 types of mammals (哺乳动物), 36 kinds of reptiles (爬行动物), 6 types of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. The animals aren’t all small, either. There are big ones like bighorn sheep, mountain lions,and mule deer.
Water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives in Death Valley. Some plants have roots that go fifty feet under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats get the water they need from the seeds (种子) of desert sunflowers. Tiny pupfish can live in water that is 32°C and five times as salty as the ocean!
1. How much rain does Death Valley get a year?
A.Two inches.
B.Fifty-one inches.
C.At least two inches.
D.Less than two inches.
2. What do we know about Death Valley from the first two paragraphs?
A.There is no life in Death Valley.
B.Death Valley is the coldest and driest in America.
C.It’s hot in Death Valley all year round.
D.The ground in Death Valley is mostly sand and rocks.
3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Sand.
B.Death Valley.
C.The dried-up lake.
D.The weather condition.
4. How does the writer show his idea in Paragraph 3?
A.By listing some numbers.
B.By asking a question.
C.By comparing facts.
D.By telling a story.
5. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A.Life in Death Valley
B.Death Valley-An Easy Place to Live
C.Death Valley-A Place You Can’t Miss!
D.The Challenge of Living in Death Valley
【答案】【小题 1】D【小题 2】D【小题 3】B【小题 4】A【小题 5】A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了北美最炎热、最干燥的死亡谷,虽然环境极端恶劣,但依然生存着大量动植物,展现了顽强的生命力量。
【小题 1】第二段提到 “It gets less than two inches of rain a year”,明确说明死亡谷每年的降雨量不到两英寸,对应选项 D。
【小题 2】第二段明确提到 “The ground is mostly sand and rocks”,因此 D 项表述正确;A 项与第一段 “Yet Death Valley is full of life” 矛盾;B 项与 “the hottest and the driest” 矛盾;文中只说七月很热,并未说全年都热,C 项错误。
【小题 3】第三段开头 “Although the weather conditions in Death Valley is terrible, it is still filled with lives.”,整段都在讲死亡谷的生物,因此it 指代 Death Valley。
【小题 4】第三段使用了1,000 types of plants、51 types of mammals、36 kinds of reptiles等大量数字,作者是通过列举数字来支撑观点的。
【小题 5】文章重点介绍死亡谷虽然环境恶劣,但依然充满生命,因此最佳标题是Life in Death Valley。
三、阅读还原。阅读短文,从所列选项中,选出最佳选项填入对应空白处,使短文通顺、连贯。(选项中有一项多余)
In Australia there is a famous island called Fraser Island. A great many visitors come here for holidays every year. Why? The reason is that it is special. 1 In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world. It covers an area of 184,000 hectares (公顷).
Though the island is a popular place of interest, there is no airport on the island. The long beach along the east coast works as the airport. 2
On the island there are sand hills without any plants, but there are forests with old trees, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes too. 3
Every year, visitors come to enjoy the island’s natural beauty. People like camping and hiking there. 4 Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction (灭绝). They littered everywhere, and the lakes were seriously polluted.
5 Rules have been set up. For example, visitors are not allowed to use motorboats (摩托艇) or go fishing in the lakes, and they mustn’t leave any rubbish.
A.Planes arrive and leave from here.
B.The island is completely made of sand.
C.People often take photos everywhere.
D.Unluckily, visitors have caused many problems.
E.Many kinds of birds and other animals live in the forest.
F.So it is time to protect the environment of the island.
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了澳大利亚弗雷泽岛的独特地理特征、自然风光以及游客带来的环境问题,并说明了当地采取的保护措施。
【小题 1】根据后句 “In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world.” 可知,前句应说明这个岛是由沙子构成的,B 项 “这个岛完全是由沙子构成的” 符合语境。
【小题 2】前句提到 “The long beach along the east coast works as the airport.”,东海岸的长滩充当机场,因此 A 项 “飞机从这里起降” 衔接自然。
【小题 3】前句介绍了岛上有森林、鲜花和湖泊,E 项 “森林里生活着许多鸟类和其他动物” 继续介绍岛上的生物,符合逻辑。
【小题 4】后文提到动物被捕杀、湖泊被污染,都是游客带来的问题,D 项 “不幸的是,游客造成了许多问题” 可作为本段主题句。
【小题 5】后文介绍了已经制定的规则,目的是保护环境,F 项 “所以是时候保护这个岛的环境了” 引出下文的保护措施。
思维创新
任务型阅读。
The famous Changbai Mountains lie in Northeast China. The name means “Forever White Mountains”. The mountains got this name because of their beautiful snow-covered peaks (山峰). People began to use the name Changbai Mountains around 1000s. Before that, the mountains had different names in history. In a famous book, The Classic of Mountains and Seas, they were under the name of Buxian Shan. In Book of the Later Han, they were called Dandan, Daling.
The Changbai Mountains are beautiful all year round. The best time to take a trip there is between June and September. During this time, the mountain landscape is very beautiful. And the weather is cool. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. It begins to snow in October. The best time to see snow and ski is from November to March.
The Changbai Mountains are home to lots of animals as well. Chinese mergansers (中华秋沙鸭) are among them. The animal is as rare (珍贵的) as the panda.
One of the most famous parts of the mountains is Tianchi. It is the world’s highest crater lake (火山湖). It covers an area (面积) of nearly 10 square kilometres and is the source of some great rivers like the Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River.
1.What do we know about the name of the Changbai Mountains?
__________________(不少于 20 词)
2—4 题 根据短文内容补全表格
Time
Features
Activities
June – September
2.____________________
Enjoy the beautiful landscape
November – March
Snowy and cold
3.____________________
October
4.____________________
—
What is special about Tianchi Lake?
__________________(不少于 10 词)
答案:1.People began to use the name around the 1000s. It means “Forever White Mountains” because of snow-covered peaks.
2.Beautiful landscape and cool weather
3.See snow and go skiing
4.It begins to snow
5.It is the world’s highest crater lake and covers nearly 10 square kilometres.
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